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Fei H, Shi X, Sun D, Yang H, Wang D, Li K, Si X, Hu W. Integrated analysis identified the role of three family members of ARHGAP in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11790. [PMID: 38783033 PMCID: PMC11116390 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62577-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The Rho GTPase activating protein family (ARHGAPs) is expressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) but its function is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the role and potential clinical value of ARHGAPs in PAAD. Using TCGA and GEO databases to analyze expression of ARHGAPs in PAAD and normal tissues. Survival curve was drawn by Kaplan-Meier. ARHGAPs were integrated analyzed by GEPIA2, TIMER, UCLCAN, cBioPortal and R language. Protein level and prognostic value were evaluated via IHC staining or survival analysis. We totally identify 18 differentially expressed (DE) ARHGAPs in PAAD. Among the 18 DE genes, 8 were positively correlated with tumor grade; abnorrmal expression of 5 was positively correlated with copy number variation; expression of 4 was positively correlated with promoter hypomethylation. Multivariate Cox regression identified ARHGAP5, ARHGAP11A, and ARHGAP12 as independent prognostic factors of PAAD. The function of ARHGAPs was mainly related to GTPase activity and signaling, axon guidance, proteoglycans in cancer and focal adhesion. Expression of 7 ARHGAPs was strongly correlated with immune infiltration. Immunohistochemistry showed increased protein levels of ARHGAP5, ARHGAP11A, and ARHGAP12 in PAAD tissues. Survival analysis confirmed a negative correlation between ARHGAP5, ARHGAP11A, and ARHGAP12 expression and patient prognosis. Multivariate Cox regression proved ARHGAP5, ARHGAP11A, and ARHGAP12 could serve as independent prognostic indicators for PAAD. Finally, this study verified ARHGAP5, ARHGAP11A, and ARHGAP12 as independent prognostic factors in PAAD, suggesting their significance for the diagnosis and treatment of PAAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Fei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiao Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Haishen Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dali Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinxin Si
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China.
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2
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Githaka JM, Pirayeshfard L, Goping IS. Cancer invasion and metastasis: Insights from murine pubertal mammary gland morphogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130375. [PMID: 37150225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cancer invasion and metastasis accounts for the majority of cancer related mortality. A better understanding of the players that drive the aberrant invasion and migration of tumors cells will provide critical targets to inhibit metastasis. Postnatal pubertal mammary gland morphogenesis is characterized by highly proliferative, invasive, and migratory normal epithelial cells. Identifying the molecular regulators of pubertal gland development is a promising strategy since tumorigenesis and metastasis is postulated to be a consequence of aberrant reactivation of developmental stages. In this review, we summarize the pubertal morphogenesis regulators that are involved in cancer metastasis and revisit pubertal mammary gland transcriptome profiling to uncover both known and unknown metastasis genes. Our updated list of pubertal morphogenesis regulators shows that most are implicated in invasion and metastasis. This review highlights molecular linkages between development and metastasis and provides a guide for exploring novel metastatic drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Maringa Githaka
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Leila Pirayeshfard
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Ing Swie Goping
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada; Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
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3
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DDX17 promotes the growth and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:425. [PMID: 36273228 PMCID: PMC9588018 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01215-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
DEAD box RNA helicase 17 (DDX17) has been shown to be an RNA binding protein involved in RNA metabolism and associated with cancer progression. However, the biological role of DDX17 in the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has not been well characterized. Here, we demonstrated that DDX17 promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of H1299 and A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. Analyses of public datasets showed that DDX17 is upregulated in LUAD specimens. Our tumor xenograft models confirmed the in vivo promoting role of DDX17 in the growth and metastasis of LUAD. Mechanistic analyses further revealed that DDX17 protein interacts with the mRNA of MYL9 and MAGEA6 and upregulates their levels. MYL9 could mediate the function of DDX17 to regulate the actin cytoskeleton rearrangement and cell adhesion, particularly by modulating the stress fiber and focal adhesion formation, whereas DDX17 might inhibit the autophagy process through MAGEA6/AMPKα1 axis in LUAD cells. Collectively, our study revealed the oncogenic role and pathways of DDX17 in LUAD.
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4
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Chau JE, Vish KJ, Boggon TJ, Stiegler AL. SH3 domain regulation of RhoGAP activity: Crosstalk between p120RasGAP and DLC1 RhoGAP. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4788. [PMID: 35970859 PMCID: PMC9378701 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32541-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
RhoGAP proteins are key regulators of Rho family GTPases and influence a variety of cellular processes, including cell migration, adhesion, and cytokinesis. These GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) downregulate Rho signaling by binding and enhancing the intrinsic GTPase activity of Rho proteins. Deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1) is a tumor suppressor and ubiquitously expressed RhoGAP protein; its activity is regulated in part by binding p120RasGAP, a GAP protein for the Ras GTPases. In this study, we report the co-crystal structure of the p120RasGAP SH3 domain bound directly to DLC1 RhoGAP, at a site partially overlapping the RhoA binding site and impinging on the catalytic arginine finger. We demonstrate biochemically that mutation of this interface relieves inhibition of RhoGAP activity by the SH3 domain. These results reveal the mechanism for inhibition of DLC1 RhoGAP activity by p120RasGAP and demonstrate the molecular basis for direct SH3 domain modulation of GAP activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn E Chau
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kimberly J Vish
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Titus J Boggon
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Amy L Stiegler
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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5
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Fixing the GAP: the role of RhoGAPs in cancer. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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6
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Tripathi BK, Anderman MF, Bhargava D, Boccuzzi L, Qian X, Wang D, Durkin ME, Papageorge AG, de Miguel FJ, Politi K, Walters KJ, Doroshow JH, Lowy DR. Inhibition of cytoplasmic EZH2 induces antitumor activity through stabilization of the DLC1 tumor suppressor protein. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6941. [PMID: 34862367 PMCID: PMC8642553 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26993-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
mRNA expression of the DLC1 tumor suppressor gene is downregulated in many lung cancers and their derived cell lines, with DLC1 protein levels being low or absent. Although the role of increased EZH2 methyltransferase in cancer is usually attributed to its histone methylation, we unexpectedly observed that post-translational destabilization of DLC1 protein is common and attributable to its methylation by cytoplasmic EZH2, leading to CUL-4A ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation of DLC1. Furthermore, siRNA knockdown of KRAS in several lines increases DLC1 protein, associated with a drastic reduction in cytoplasmic EZH2. Pharmacologic inhibition of EZH2, CUL-4A, or the proteasome can increase the steady-state level of DLC1 protein, whose tumor suppressor activity is further increased by AKT and/or SRC kinase inhibitors, which reverse the direct phosphorylation of DLC1 by these kinases. These rational drug combinations induce potent tumor growth inhibition, with markers of apoptosis and senescence, that is highly dependent on DLC1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brajendra K Tripathi
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Meghan F Anderman
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Disha Bhargava
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Luciarita Boccuzzi
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaolan Qian
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dunrui Wang
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marian E Durkin
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alex G Papageorge
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Katerina Politi
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Departments of Pathology and Internal Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kylie J Walters
- Structural Biophysics Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - James H Doroshow
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Douglas R Lowy
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Riazalhosseini B, Mohamed R, Devi Apalasamy Y, Mohamed Z. Association of deleted in liver cancer-1 gene polymorphism with increased risk of chronicity of disease among Malaysian patients with hepatitis B infection. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2021; 31:185-190. [PMID: 34320605 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0000000000000439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to examine the association between genetic variations in deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1) gene with progression of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. METHODS A total of 623 subjects were included in this study, of whom, 423 were chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients without liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 103 CHB with either liver cirrhosis ± HCC and 97 individuals who had resolved HBV. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs3739298 and rs532841 of DLC1 gene were genotyped using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. RESULTS Our results indicated significant differences between the chronic HBV and resolved HBV groups in genotype and allele frequencies of DLC1-rs3739298 [odds ratio (OR) = 2.23; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.24-3.99; P = 0.007] and (OR = 1.54; 95% CI: 1.07-2.22; P = 0.021), respectively. Moreover, haplotype analysis revealed significant associations between chronicity of HBV with TG and GA haplotypes (P = 0.041 and P = 0.042), respectively. CONCLUSION A significant association exists between the rs3739298 variant and susceptibility to CHB infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yamunah Devi Apalasamy
- Social Wellbeing Research Centre, Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Sanchez-Solana B, Wang D, Qian X, Velayoudame P, Simanshu DK, Acharya JK, Lowy DR. The tumor suppressor activity of DLC1 requires the interaction of its START domain with Phosphatidylserine, PLCD1, and Caveolin-1. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:141. [PMID: 34727930 PMCID: PMC8561924 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01439-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DLC1, a tumor suppressor gene that is downregulated in many cancer types by genetic and nongenetic mechanisms, encodes a protein whose RhoGAP and scaffolding activities contribute to its tumor suppressor functions. The role of the DLC1 START (StAR-related lipid transfer; DLC1-START) domain, other than its binding to Caveolin-1, is poorly understood. In other START domains, a key function is that they bind lipids, but the putative lipid ligand for DLC1-START is unknown. METHODS Lipid overlay assays and Phosphatidylserine (PS)-pull down assays confirmed the binding of DLC1-START to PS. Co-immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated the interaction between DLC1-START and Phospholipase C delta 1 (PLCD1) or Caveolin-1, and the contribution of PS to those interactions. Rho-GTP, cell proliferation, cell migration, and/or anchorage-independent growth assays were used to investigate the contribution of PS and PLCD1, or the implications of TCGA cancer-associated DLC1-START mutants, to DLC1 functions. Co-immunoprecipitations and PS-pull down assays were used to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the impaired functions of DLC1-START mutants. A structural model of DLC1-START was also built to better understand the structural implications of the cancer-associated mutations in DLC1-START. RESULTS We identified PS as the lipid ligand for DLC1-START and determined that DLC1-START also binds PLCD1 protein in addition to Caveolin-1. PS binding contributes to the interaction of DLC1 with Caveolin-1 and with PLCD1. The importance of these activities for tumorigenesis is supported by our analysis of 7 cancer-associated DLC1-START mutants, each of which has reduced tumor suppressor function but retains wildtype RhoGAP activity. Our structural model of DLC1-START indicates the mutants perturb different elements within the structure, which is correlated with our experimental findings that the mutants are heterogenous with regard to the deficiency of their binding properties. Some have reduced PS binding, others reduced PLCD1 and Caveolin-1 binding, and others are deficient for all of these properties. CONCLUSION These observations highlight the importance of DLC1-START for the tumor suppressor function of DLC1 that is RhoGAP-independent. They also expand the versatility of START domains, as DLC1-START is the first found to bind PS, which promotes the binding to other proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Sanchez-Solana
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Dunrui Wang
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Xiaolan Qian
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Parthibane Velayoudame
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD, 21701, USA
| | - Dhirendra K Simanshu
- NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick, MD, 21701, USA
| | - Jairaj K Acharya
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD, 21701, USA
| | - Douglas R Lowy
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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9
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Comprehensive understanding of anchorage-independent survival and its implication in cancer metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:629. [PMID: 34145217 PMCID: PMC8213763 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03890-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Detachment is the initial and critical step for cancer metastasis. Only the cells that survive from detachment can develop metastases. Following the disruption of cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, cells are exposed to a totally different chemical and mechanical environment. During which, cells inevitably suffer from multiple stresses, including loss of growth stimuli from ECM, altered mechanical force, cytoskeletal reorganization, reduced nutrient uptake, and increased reactive oxygen species generation. Here we review the impact of these stresses on the anchorage-independent survival and the underlying molecular signaling pathways. Furthermore, its implications in cancer metastasis and treatment are also discussed.
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10
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Tumor suppressor gene DLC1: Its modifications, interactive molecules, and potential prospects for clinical cancer application. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:264-275. [PMID: 33836193 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1) is a recognized tumor suppressor gene that negatively regulates Rho family proteins by hydrolyzing the active GTP-bound state to its inactive GDP-bound state. Active Rho proteins play a positive role in tumorigenesis. Numerous in vitro and in vivo experiments have shown that DLC1 is downregulated or inactivated in various solid tumors, which may be due to the following five reasons: genomic deletion, epigenetic modification and ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation may cause DLC1 underexpression; phosphorylation at the post-translation level may cause DLC1 inactivation; and failure to localize at focal adhesions (FAs) may prevent DLC1 from exerting full activity. All of the causes could be attributed to molecular binding. Experimental evidence suggests that direct or indirect targeting of DLC1 is feasible for cancer treatment. Therefore, elucidating the interaction of DLC1 with its binding partners might provide novel targeted therapies for cancer. In this review, we summarized the binding partners of DLC1 at both the gene and protein levels and expounded a variety of anticancer drugs targeting DLC1 to provide information about DLC1 as a cancer diagnostic indicator or therapeutic target.
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11
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Novikov NM, Zolotaryova SY, Gautreau AM, Denisov EV. Mutational drivers of cancer cell migration and invasion. Br J Cancer 2021; 124:102-114. [PMID: 33204027 PMCID: PMC7784720 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01149-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability and mutations underlie the hallmarks of cancer-genetic alterations determine cancer cell fate by affecting cell proliferation, apoptosis and immune response, and increasing data show that mutations are involved in metastasis, a crucial event in cancer progression and a life-threatening problem in cancer patients. Invasion is the first step in the metastatic cascade, when tumour cells acquire the ability to move, penetrate into the surrounding tissue and enter lymphatic and blood vessels in order to disseminate. A role for genetic alterations in invasion is not universally accepted, with sceptics arguing that cellular motility is related only to external factors such as hypoxia, chemoattractants and the rigidity of the extracellular matrix. However, increasing evidence shows that mutations might trigger and accelerate the migration and invasion of different types of cancer cells. In this review, we summarise data from published literature on the effect of chromosomal instability and genetic mutations on cancer cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita M Novikov
- Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sofia Y Zolotaryova
- Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexis M Gautreau
- CNRS UMR7654, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Evgeny V Denisov
- Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia.
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12
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Zhou X, Jiao D, Dou M, Zhang W, Lv L, Chen J, Li L, Wang L, Han X. Curcumin inhibits the growth of triple-negative breast cancer cells by silencing EZH2 and restoring DLC1 expression. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:10648-10662. [PMID: 32725802 PMCID: PMC7521266 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), an oncogene, is a commonly up‐regulated epigenetic factor in human cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma deletion gene 1 (DLC1) is an antioncogene that is either expressed at low levels or not expressed in many malignant tumours. Curcumin is a promising anticancer drug that has antitumour effects in many tumours, but its mechanism of action is unclear. Our research demonstrated that EZH2 was up‐regulated in breast cancer (BC) tissues and cells, whereas DLC1 was down‐regulated, and the expression of EZH2 and DLC1 was negatively correlated in BC. By analysing the characteristics of clinical cases, we found that positive expression of EZH2 and negative expression of DLC1 may be predictors of poor prognosis in patients with triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). Moreover, knockdown of EZH2 expression restored the expression of DLC1 and inhibited the migration, invasion and proliferation, promoted the apoptosis, and blocked the cell cycle of MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Furthermore, we found that curcumin restored the expression of DLC1 by inhibiting EZH2; it also inhibited the migration, invasion and proliferation of MDA‐MB‐231 cells, promoted their apoptosis and blocked the cell cycle. Finally, xenograft tumour models were used to demonstrate that curcumin restored DLC1 expression by inhibiting EZH2 and also inhibited the growth and promoted the apoptosis of TNBC cells. In conclusion, our results suggest that curcumin can inhibit the migration, invasion and proliferation, promote the apoptosis, block the cycle of TNBC cells and restore the expression of DLC1 by inhibiting the expression of EZH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dechao Jiao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Dou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liying Lv
- Department of Oncology, The Central Hospital of Kaifeng, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jianjian Chen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liuxing Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Sun Z, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Liao L, Zhou W, Zhang F, Lian F, Huang J, Xu P, Zhang R, Lu W, Zhu M, Tao H, Yang F, Ding H, Chen S, Yue L, Zhou B, Zhang N, Tan M, Jiang H, Chen K, Liu B, Liu C, Dang Y, Luo C. Covalent Inhibitors Allosterically Block the Activation of Rho Family Proteins and Suppress Cancer Cell Invasion. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2000098. [PMID: 32714746 PMCID: PMC7375240 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202000098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Rho family GTPases are crucial drivers of tumor growth and metastasis. However, it is difficult to develop GTPases inhibitors due to a lack of well-characterized binding pockets for compounds. Here, through molecular dynamics simulation of the RhoA protein, a groove around cysteine 107 (Cys107) that is relatively well-conserved within the Rho family is discovered. Using a combined strategy, the novel inhibitor DC-Rhoin is discovered, which disrupts interaction of Rho proteins with guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs). Crystallographic studies reveal that the covalent binding of DC-Rhoin to the Cys107 residue stabilizes and captures a novel allosteric pocket. Moreover, the derivative compound DC-Rhoin04 inhibits the migration and invasion of cancer cells, through targeting this allosteric pocket of RhoA. The study reveals a novel allosteric regulatory site within the Rho family, which can be exploited for anti-metastasis drug development, and also provides a novel strategy for inhibitor discovery toward "undruggable" protein targets.
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14
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Yang X, Hu F, Liu JA, Yu S, Cheung MPL, Liu X, Ng IOL, Guan XY, Wong KKW, Sharma R, Lung HL, Jiao Y, Lee LTO, Cheung M. Nuclear DLC1 exerts oncogenic function through association with FOXK1 for cooperative activation of MMP9 expression in melanoma. Oncogene 2020; 39:4061-4076. [PMID: 32214200 PMCID: PMC7220869 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1274-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A Rho GTPase-activating protein (RhoGAP), deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1), is known to function as a tumor suppressor in various cancer types; however, whether DLC1 is a tumor-suppressor gene or an oncogene in melanoma remains to be clarified. Here we revealed that high DLC1 expression was detected in most of the melanoma tissues where it was localized in both the nuclei and the cytoplasm. Functional studies unveiled that DLC1 was both required and sufficient for melanoma growth and metastasis. These tumorigenic events were mediated by nuclear-localized DLC1 in a RhoGAP-independent manner. Mechanistically, mass spectrometry analysis identified a DLC1-associated protein, FOXK1 transcription factor, which mediated oncogenic events in melanoma by translocating and retaining DLC1 into the nucleus. RNA-sequencing profiling studies further revealed MMP9 as a direct target of FOXK1 through DLC1-regulated promoter occupancy for cooperative activation of MMP9 expression to promote melanoma invasion and metastasis. Concerted action of DLC1–FOXK1 in MMP9 gene regulation was further supported by their highly correlated expression in melanoma patients’ samples and cell lines. Together, our results not only unravel a mechanism by which nuclear DLC1 functions as an oncogene in melanoma but also suggest an unexpected role of RhoGAP protein in transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintao Yang
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Feng Hu
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jessica Aijia Liu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shan Yu
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - May Pui Lai Cheung
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xuelai Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Irene Oi-Lin Ng
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research and Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kelvin K W Wong
- Centre for PanorOmic Sciences, Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rakesh Sharma
- Centre for PanorOmic Sciences, Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hong Lok Lung
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yufei Jiao
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Leo Tsz On Lee
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.,Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Martin Cheung
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China. .,School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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15
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Gao J, Ma F, Wang X, Li G. Combination of dihydroartemisinin and resveratrol effectively inhibits cancer cell migrationviaregulation of the DLC1/TCTP/Cdc42 pathway. Food Funct 2020; 11:9573-9584. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00996b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mechanism of DHA combined with RES in inhibition of cancer cell migration by DLC1/TCTP/Cdc42 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Shandong Normal University
- Jinan
- China
| | - Fengqiu Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Shandong Normal University
- Jinan
- China
| | - Xingjie Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Shandong Normal University
- Jinan
- China
| | - Guorong Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Shandong Normal University
- Jinan
- China
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16
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Tripathi BK, Anderman MF, Qian X, Zhou M, Wang D, Papageorge AG, Lowy DR. SRC and ERK cooperatively phosphorylate DLC1 and attenuate its Rho-GAP and tumor suppressor functions. J Cell Biol 2019; 218:3060-3076. [PMID: 31308216 PMCID: PMC6719442 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201810098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DLC1 controls focal adhesion dynamics and other processes that suppress tumorigenesis; therefore, it is unclear why some cancers maintain high levels of DLC1. Tripathi et al. show that phosphorylation of DLC1 by SRC and ERK mitigates DLC1’s tumor suppressor activities but these can be reactivated by kinase inhibition as a potential cancer treatment. SRC and ERK kinases control many cell biological processes that promote tumorigenesis by altering the activity of oncogenic and tumor suppressor proteins. We identify here a physiological interaction between DLC1, a focal adhesion protein and tumor suppressor, with SRC and ERK. The tumor suppressor function of DLC1 is attenuated by phosphorylation of tyrosines Y451 and Y701 by SRC, which down-regulates DLC1’s tensin-binding and Rho-GAP activities. ERK1/2 phosphorylate DLC1 on serine S129, which increases both the binding of SRC to DLC1 and SRC-dependent phosphorylation of DLC1. SRC inhibitors exhibit potent antitumor activity in a DLC1-positive transgenic cancer model and a DLC1-positive tumor xenograft model, due to reactivation of the tumor suppressor activities of DLC1. Combined treatment of DLC1-positive tumors with SRC plus AKT inhibitors has even greater antitumor activity. Together, these findings indicate cooperation between the SRC, ERK1/2, and AKT kinases to reduce DLC1 Rho-GAP and tumor suppressor activities in cancer cells, which can be reactivated by the kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brajendra K Tripathi
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Meghan F Anderman
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Xiaolan Qian
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ming Zhou
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Analytical Technologies, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD
| | - Dunrui Wang
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Alex G Papageorge
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Douglas R Lowy
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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17
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Wolosz D, Walczak A, Szparecki G, Dwojak M, Winiarska M, Wolinska E, Gornicka B. Deleted in Liver Cancer 2 (DLC2) protein expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Histochem 2019; 63. [PMID: 30827083 PMCID: PMC6383041 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2019.2981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Deleted in Liver Cancer (DLC) proteins belong to the family of RhoGAPs and are believed to operate as negative regulators of the Rho family of small GTPases. So far, the role of the first identified member from the DLC family, DLC1, was established as a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma. The function of its close family relative, DLC2 is unequivocal. In the present study we attempted to determine whether the loss of DLC2 is a common feature of hepatocellular carcinoma tissue. We examined two types of hepatocellular carcinomatypical and fibrolamellar one. Our analysis revealed that DLC2 protein is not diminished in cancer tissue when compared to non-cancerous liver specimens. What is more, we observed DLC2 to be more abundantly expressed in cancer tissue, particularly in tumors with the inflammation background. In addition, we found that DLC2 gene status was diploid in virtually all tumor samples examined. Our results indicate that DLC2 is not diminished in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. It appears that members of the DLC family, although structurally highly related, may function differently in cancer cells.
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18
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Ma W, Ho DWH, Sze KMF, Tsui YM, Chan LK, Lee JMF, Ng IOL. APOBEC3B promotes hepatocarcinogenesis and metastasis through novel deaminase-independent activity. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:643-653. [PMID: 30575099 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cytidine deaminase APOBEC3B (A3B) is known to play important roles in creating de novo genomic C-to-T mutations in cancers and contribute to induction of genomic instability. Our study evaluated the roles of A3B in the progression and metastasis of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Using whole-transcriptome and whole-exome sequencing, and quantitative PCR, we found that A3B was overexpressed in human HCCs and A3B expression was significantly correlated with the proportion of genomic C-to-A and G-to-T mutations. Upon clinicopathological correlation, higher A3B expression was associated with more aggressive tumor behavior. Wild-type A3B (wt-A3B) overexpression in HCC cells promoted cell proliferation, and cell migratory and invasive abilities in vitro, and tumorigenicity and metastasis in vivo. On the other hand, knockdown of A3B suppressed cell proliferation, migratory, and invasive abilities of HCC cells with high endogenous A3B level. However, to our surprise, overexpression of A3B deaminase-dead double mutant (E68A/E255Q) led to similar results as wt-A3B in HCC. Furthermore, overexpression of wt-A3B and mutant A3B both enhanced cell cycle progression in HCC cells. Altogether, our data demonstrated a novel deaminase-independent role of A3B in contributing to HCC tumorigenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ma
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Daniel W-H Ho
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Karen M-F Sze
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Yu-Man Tsui
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Lo-Kong Chan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Joyce M-F Lee
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Irene O-L Ng
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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19
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Sotillos S, Aguilar-Aragon M, Hombría JCG. Functional analysis of the Drosophila RhoGAP Cv-c protein and its equivalence to the human DLC3 and DLC1 proteins. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4601. [PMID: 29545526 PMCID: PMC5854602 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22794-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
RhoGAP proteins control the precise regulation of the ubiquitous small RhoGTPases. The Drosophila Crossveinless-c (Cv-c) RhoGAP is homologous to the human tumour suppressor proteins Deleted in Liver Cancer 1-3 (DLC1-3) sharing an identical arrangement of SAM, GAP and START protein domains. Here we analyse in Drosophila the requirement of each Cv-c domain to its function and cellular localization. We show that the basolateral membrane association of Cv-c is key for its epithelial function and find that the GAP domain targeted to the membrane can perform its RhoGAP activity independently of the rest of the protein, implying the SAM and START domains perform regulatory roles. We propose the SAM domain has a repressor effect over the GAP domain that is counteracted by the START domain, while the basolateral localization is mediated by a central, non-conserved Cv-c region. We find that DLC3 and Cv-c expression in the Drosophila ectoderm cause identical effects. In contrast, DLC1 is inactive but becomes functional if the central non-conserved DLC1 domain is substituted for that of Cv-c. Thus, these RhoGAP proteins are functionally equivalent, opening up the use of Drosophila as an in vivo model to analyse pharmacologically and genetically the human DLC proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Sotillos
- CABD (CSIC/JA/Univ. Pablo de Olavide), Seville, Spain.
| | - Mario Aguilar-Aragon
- CABD (CSIC/JA/Univ. Pablo de Olavide), Seville, Spain.,The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
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20
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Wang G, Liu H, Wei Z, Jia H, Liu Y, Liu J. Systematic analysis of the molecular mechanism of microRNA-124 in hepatoblastoma cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 14:7161-7170. [PMID: 29344147 PMCID: PMC5754889 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify the molecular mechanisms of microRNA-124 (miRNA-124/miR-124) in hepatoblastoma. The GSE6207 microarray dataset, obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, included samples extracted from HepG2 cells transfected with miR-124 duplex (the experimental group) or negative control (the control group) at 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, 72 and 120 h after transfection. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened between the two groups. miR-124 activity was inferred based on the expression of its target genes. The mRNAs targeted by miR-124 were predicted and a miR-124-target mRNA network was constructed. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were performed for the target genes. The number of DEGs was highest at 72 h. The experimental group had higher miR-124 activity than that of the control group at 4, 8, 16, 24 and 120 h. Small GTPase-mediated signal transduction and Ras protein signal transduction were significant GO terms enriched with syndecan binding protein (SDCBP), Ras homolog family member G (RHOG) and Rho-GDP dissociation inhibitor-α (ARHGDIA). Regulation of actin cytoskeleton, D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, and axon guidance were significant pathways. Axon guidance pathway was associated with neuropilin (NRP1), MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase (MET) and semaphorin 7A, GPI membrane anchor (SEMA7A). Small GTPase-mediated signal transduction, Ras protein signal transduction, regulation of actin cytoskeleton pathway, D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism pathway, axon guidance pathway, SDCBP, RHOG, ARHGDIA, NRP1, SEMA7A, and MET may be implicated in the underlying mechanisms of miR-124 overexpression in hepatoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiming Wang
- Department of Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Wei
- Department of Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Jia
- Department of Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Jiansheng Liu
- Department of Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
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21
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Chai R, Fu H, Zheng Z, Liu T, Ji S, Li G. Resveratrol inhibits proliferation and migration through SIRT1 mediated post‑translational modification of PI3K/AKT signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:8037-8044. [PMID: 28983625 PMCID: PMC5779887 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RES), a polyphenolic compound present in grapes and red wine, has potential anticancer properties. The present study aimed to examine the effects of resveratrol and its underlying mechanism on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines HepG2, Bel‑7402 and SMMC‑7721. It was demonstrated that resveratrol inhibited the viability and proliferation of HCC cells assessed by MTT and EdU assays. TUNEL assay revealed that resveratrol induced cell apoptosis by increasing HCC apoptosis rate from 3±0.78% to 16±1.12% with upregulation of B‑cell lymphoma (Bcl)‑2 associated X, apoptosis regulator and cleaved‑poly (ADP‑Ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP), and downregulation of Bcl‑2, caspase‑3, caspase‑7 and PARP. As a sirtuin (SIRT) 1 activator, resveratrol elevated SIRT1 protein expression and its enzyme activity and decreased expression levels of phosphorylated (p)‑phosphoinositide‑3‑kinase (PI3K), p‑AKT Serine/Threonine Kinase 1 (AKT), and its downstream target p‑Forkhead Box O3a in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, inhibition of SIRT1 enzymatic activity by EX527 resulted in increased phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT. This demonstrated that resveratrol inhibited the PI3K/AKT pathway by SIRT1 activation. In addition to inhibition of cancer cell migration, tumor suppressor gene DLC1 Rho GTPase activating protein level was upregulated and its phosphorylation was enhanced by AKT with resveratrol treatment. These findings suggested that resveratrol inhibits proliferation and migration through SIRT1 mediated post‑translational modification of PI3K/AKT pathway in HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongfei Chai
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Huiling Fu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Zhaodi Zheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Shuhua Ji
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Guorong Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
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22
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Abstract
Malignant carcinomas are often characterized by metastasis, the movement of carcinoma cells from a primary site to colonize distant organs. For metastasis to occur, carcinoma cells first must adopt a pro-migratory phenotype and move through the surrounding stroma towards a blood or lymphatic vessel. Currently, there are very limited possibilities to target these processes therapeutically. The family of Rho GTPases is an ubiquitously expressed division of GTP-binding proteins involved in the regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics and intracellular signaling. The best characterized members of the Rho family GTPases are RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42. Abnormalities in Rho GTPase function have major consequences for cancer progression. Rho GTPase activation is driven by cell surface receptors that activate GTP exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs). In this review, we summarize our current knowledge on Rho GTPase function in the regulation of metastasis. We will focus on key discoveries in the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT), cell-cell junctions, formation of membrane protrusions, plasticity of cell migration and adaptation to a hypoxic environment. In addition, we will emphasize on crosstalk between Rho GTPase family members and other important oncogenic pathways, such as cyclic AMP-mediated signaling, canonical Wnt/β-catenin, Yes-associated protein (YAP) and hypoxia inducible factor 1α (Hif1α) and provide an overview of the advancements and challenges in developing pharmacological tools to target Rho GTPase and the aforementioned crosstalk in the context of cancer therapeutics.
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23
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Xu P, Ma J, Ma J, Zhang W, Guo S, Jian Z, Liu L, Wang G, Gao T, Zhu G, Li C. Multiple pro-tumorigenic functions of the human minor Histocompatibility Antigen-1 (HA-1) in melanoma progression. J Dermatol Sci 2017; 88:216-224. [PMID: 28939173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Remodeling of cytoskeleton plays an important role in development of multiple cancers, including melanoma. As a group of F-actin regulators, the Ras homology (Rho) GTPase-activating proteins (ARHGAPs) were reported by accumulating studies as a set of significant mediators in cell morphology, proliferation, migration and invasion. OBJECTIVE To investigate the function of HMHA1 and its encode protein HA-1 in melanoma. METHODS The mRNA microarray was performed to screen the expression of ARHGAP family genes between melanoma tissues and nevi tissues. QRT-PCR and Western Blot were used to detect the expression of mRNA of HMHA1 and its relevant protein HA-1 respectively. Small interfering RNA was used to knock down the expression of HMHA1. Cell-count kit 8 assays and colony formation assays were used to evaluate the cell proliferative viability of melanoma cells. Flow cytometry was employed to analyze cell apoptosis. Transwell assay and the observation of cell morphology were used to evaluate the invasive and migrating activity of melanoma cells. RESULTS In previous study, we first found that both the mRNA level of HMHA1and the expression of HA-1 were up-regulated in melanoma tissues and cell lines compared with nevi tissues and normal human melanocytes respectively. Blocking HMHA1 expression in melanoma cell lines WM35 and A375 suppressed their proliferation and function of colony forming. Moreover, silencing HMHA1 not only significantly increased cell apoptosis but also suppressed cell migration and invasion. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that HMHA1 significantly promotes melanoma cells proliferation, invasion and migration, and prevents cell apoptosis. Additionally, it can be considered as a new diagnostic marker and drug target of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinyuan Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weigang Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sen Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhe Jian
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianwen Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guannan Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China.
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24
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Li JP, Liu Y, Yin YH. ARHGAP1 overexpression inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion of C-33A and SiHa cell lines. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:691-701. [PMID: 28223826 PMCID: PMC5308566 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s112223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ARHGAP1, also known as RhoGAP, RhoGAP1, CDC42GAP and p50rhoGAP, is officially named Ras homology (Rho) GTPase-activating protein 1, which is one of the key members of RhoGAPs. Growing evidences demonstrate that several RhoGAPs are suppressed or downregulated in cancers. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the effects of ARHGAP1 on cervical carcinoma cells. The human cervical carcinoma cells C-33A and SiHa were transduced with lentivirus targeting ARHGAP1 (lenti-ARHGAP1). Cellular proliferation, migration and invasion assays, as well as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assays, were performed in the control, negative control (infected with lentivirus) and ARHGAP1+-infected groups. Results showed that overexpression of ARHGAP1 markedly inhibited the proliferation of both C-33A and SiHa cells at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h in a time-dependent manner (n=3, P<0.01). Migration and invasion of C-33A and SiHa cells were suppressed after the transduction with lenti-ARHGAP1 compared with the controls (n=3, P<0.01). In addition, several tumor cellular process-related proteins, such as matrix metallopeptidase 2, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1, Cyclin B1, twist family bHLH transcription factor 1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen, were all downregulated in ARHGAP1-overexpressed C-33A and SiHa cells and proved to be targets of ARHGAP1. This study indicated that ARHGAP1 may have a positive function on antitumor activity in the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ping Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Huashan Hospital North
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Yi-Hua Yin
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Oelsner KT, Guo Y, To SBC, Non AL, Barkin SL. Maternal BMI as a predictor of methylation of obesity-related genes in saliva samples from preschool-age Hispanic children at-risk for obesity. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:57. [PMID: 28068899 PMCID: PMC5223358 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3473-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study of epigenetic processes and mechanisms present a dynamic approach to assess complex individual variation in obesity susceptibility. However, few studies have examined epigenetic patterns in preschool-age children at-risk for obesity despite the relevance of this developmental stage to trajectories of weight gain. We hypothesized that salivary DNA methylation patterns of key obesogenic genes in Hispanic children would 1) correlate with maternal BMI and 2) allow for identification of pathways associated with children at-risk for obesity. RESULTS Genome-wide DNA methylation was conducted on 92 saliva samples collected from Hispanic preschool children using the Infinium Illumina HumanMethylation 450 K BeadChip (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA), which interrogates >484,000 CpG sites associated with ~24,000 genes. The analysis was limited to 936 genes that have been associated with obesity in a prior GWAS Study. Child DNA methylation at 17 CpG sites was found to be significantly associated with maternal BMI, with increased methylation at 12 CpG sites and decreased methylation at 5 CpG sites. Pathway analysis revealed methylation at these sites related to homocysteine and methionine degradation as well as cysteine biosynthesis and circadian rhythm. Furthermore, eight of the 17 CpG sites reside in genes (FSTL1, SORCS2, NRF1, DLC1, PPARGC1B, CHN2, NXPH1) that have prior known associations with obesity, diabetes, and the insulin pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirms that saliva is a practical human tissue to obtain in community settings and in pediatric populations. These salivary findings indicate potential epigenetic differences in Hispanic preschool children at risk for pediatric obesity. Identifying early biomarkers and understanding pathways that are epigenetically regulated during this critical stage of child development may present an opportunity for prevention or early intervention for addressing childhood obesity. TRIAL REGISTRATION The clinical trial protocol is available at ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT01316653 ). Registered 3 March 2011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Tully Oelsner
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas St, Suite 601, MSC 617, Charleston, SC 29425 USA
| | - Yan Guo
- Center for Quantitative Research, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, 2220 Pierce Ave, 571 Preston Research Building, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Sophie Bao-Chieu To
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, 1210 BSB, 465 21st Ave S, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Amy L. Non
- Department of Anthropology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Shari L. Barkin
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2200 Children’s Way, Doctor’s Office Tower 8232, Nashville, TN 37232-9225 USA
- Pediatric Obesity Research, Diabetes Research and Training Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2200 Children’s Way, Doctor’s Office Tower 8232, Nashville, TN 37232-9225 USA
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26
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Chan CK, Pan Y, Nyberg K, Marra MA, Lim EL, Jones SJM, Maar D, Gibb EA, Gunaratne PH, Robertson AG, Rowat AC. Tumour-suppressor microRNAs regulate ovarian cancer cell physical properties and invasive behaviour. Open Biol 2016; 6:160275. [PMID: 27906134 PMCID: PMC5133448 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.160275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The activities of pathways that regulate malignant transformation can be influenced by microRNAs (miRs). Recently, we showed that increased expression of five tumour-suppressor miRs, miR-508-3p, miR-508-5p, miR-509-3p, miR-509-5p and miR-130b-3p, correlate with improved clinical outcomes in human ovarian cancer patients, and that miR-509-3p attenuates invasion of ovarian cancer cell lines. Here, we investigate the mechanism underlying this reduced invasive potential by assessing the impact of these five miRs on the physical properties of cells. Human ovarian cancer cells (HEYA8, OVCAR8) that are transfected with miR mimics representing these five miRs exhibit decreased invasion through collagen matrices, increased cell size and reduced deformability as measured by microfiltration and microfluidic assays. To understand the molecular basis of altered invasion and deformability induced by these miRs, we use predicted and validated mRNA targets that encode structural and signalling proteins that regulate cell mechanical properties. Combined with analysis of gene transcripts by real-time PCR and image analysis of F-actin in single cells, our results suggest that these tumour-suppressor miRs may alter cell physical properties by regulating the actin cytoskeleton. Our findings provide biophysical insights into how tumour-suppressor miRs can regulate the invasive behaviour of ovarian cancer cells, and identify potential therapeutic targets that may be implicated in ovarian cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara K Chan
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yinghong Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kendra Nyberg
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marco A Marra
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Emilia L Lim
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Steven J M Jones
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dianna Maar
- Bio-Rad Laboratories, The Digital Biology Center, Pleasanton, CA, USA
| | - Ewan A Gibb
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Preethi H Gunaratne
- Department of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A Gordon Robertson
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amy C Rowat
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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27
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Liu B, Yan S, Jia Y, Ma J, Wu S, Xu Y, Shang M, Mao A. TLR2 promotes human intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cell migration and invasion by modulating NF-κB pathway-mediated inflammatory responses. FEBS J 2016; 283:3839-3850. [PMID: 27616304 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingyan Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology; Tongren Hospital; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; China
| | - Shuo Yan
- Department of Interventional Radiology; Tongren Hospital; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; China
| | - Yiping Jia
- Department of Interventional Radiology; Tongren Hospital; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Interventional Radiology; Tongren Hospital; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; China
| | - Shaoqiu Wu
- Department of Interventional Radiology; Tongren Hospital; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; China
| | - Yuyao Xu
- Department of Interventional Radiology; Tongren Hospital; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; China
| | - Mingyi Shang
- Department of Interventional Radiology; Tongren Hospital; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; China
| | - Aiwu Mao
- Department of Interventional Radiology; Tongren Hospital; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; China
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28
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Yang X, Zhou X, Tone P, Durkin ME, Popescu NC. Cooperative antiproliferative effect of coordinated ectopic expression of DLC1 tumor suppressor protein and silencing of MYC oncogene expression in liver cancer cells: Therapeutic implications. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:1591-1596. [PMID: 27446476 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common types of cancer and has a very poor prognosis; thus, the development of effective therapies for the treatment of advanced HCC is of high clinical priority. In the present study, the anti-oncogenic effect of combined knockdown of c-Myc expression and ectopic restoration of deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1) expression was investigated in human liver cancer cells. Expression of c-Myc in human HCC cells was knocked down by stable transfection with a Myc-specific short hairpin (sh) RNA vector. DLC1 expression in Huh7 cells was restored by adenovirus transduction, and the effects of DLC1 expression and c-Myc knockdown on Ras homolog gene family, member A (RhoA) levels, cell proliferation, soft agar colony formation and cell invasion were measured. Downregulation of c-Myc or re-expression of DLC1 led to a marked reduction in RhoA levels, which was associated with decreases in cell proliferation, soft agar colony formation and invasiveness; this inhibitory effect was augmented with a combination of DLC1 transduction and c-Myc suppression. To determine whether liver cell-specific delivery of DLC1 was able to enhance the inhibitory effect of c-Myc knockdown on tumor growth in vivo, DLC1 vector DNA complexed with galactosylated polyethylene glycol-linear polyethyleneimine was administered by tail vein injection to mice bearing subcutaneous xenografts of Huh7 cells transfected with shMyc or control shRNA. A cooperative inhibitory effect of DLC1 expression and c-Myc knockdown on the growth of Huh7-derived tumors was observed, suggesting that targeted liver cell delivery of DLC1 and c-Myc shRNA may serve as a possible gene therapy modality for the treatment of human HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyu Yang
- Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 2089-4262, USA; Section on Cellular Neurobiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Development, Bethesda, MD 2089-4262, USA
| | - Xiaoling Zhou
- Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 2089-4262, USA; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 2089-4262, USA
| | - Paul Tone
- Department of Medicine, Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, NY 10310, USA
| | - Marian E Durkin
- Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 2089-4262, USA; Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4262, USA
| | - Nicholas C Popescu
- Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 2089-4262, USA; Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4262, USA
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29
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Sabbir MG, Dillon R, Mowat MRA. Dlc1 interaction with non-muscle myosin heavy chain II-A (Myh9) and Rac1 activation. Biol Open 2016; 5:452-60. [PMID: 26977077 PMCID: PMC4890663 DOI: 10.1242/bio.015859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Deleted in liver cancer 1 (Dlc1) gene codes for a Rho GTPase-activating protein that also acts as a tumour suppressor gene. Several studies have consistently found that overexpression leads to excessive cell elongation, cytoskeleton changes and subsequent cell death. However, none of these studies have been able to satisfactorily explain the Dlc1-induced cell morphological phenotypes and the function of the different Dlc1 isoforms. Therefore, we have studied the interacting proteins associated with the three major Dlc1 transcriptional isoforms using a mass spectrometric approach in Dlc1 overexpressing cells. We have found and validated novel interacting partners in constitutive Dlc1-expressing cells. Our study has shown that Dlc1 interacts with non-muscle myosin heavy chain II-A (Myh9), plectin and spectrin proteins in different multiprotein complexes. Overexpression of Dlc1 led to increased phosphorylation of Myh9 protein and activation of Rac1 GTPase. These data support a role for Dlc1 in induced cell elongation morphology and provide some molecular targets for further analysis of this phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad G Sabbir
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Rachelle Dillon
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Michael R A Mowat
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0V9, Canada Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0J9, Canada
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30
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Luo N, Guo J, Chen L, Yang W, Qu X, Cheng Z. ARHGAP10, downregulated in ovarian cancer, suppresses tumorigenicity of ovarian cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2157. [PMID: 27010858 PMCID: PMC4823924 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rho GTPase-activating proteins (RhoGAPs) are implicated in the development and progression of ovarian cancer. ARHGAP10 is a member of RhoGAP proteins and inactivates Cdc42 by converting GTP-bound form to GDP-bound form. Here, we aimed to evaluate ARHGAP10 expression profile and functions in ovarian cancer. The decreased expression of ARHGAP10 was found in 77.3% (58/75) of ovarian cancer tissues, compared with their non-tumorous counterparts. Furthermore, overall survival in ovarian cancer patients with higher expression of ARHGAP10 was longer than those with lower expression. Ectopic expression of ARHGAP10 in two ovarian cancer cell lines with lower expression of ARHGAP10 (A2780 and HO-8910) dramatically suppressed cell proliferation in vitro. In nude mice, its stable overexpression significantly inhibited the tumorigenicity of A2780 cells. We further demonstrated that overexpression of ARHGAP10 significantly inhibited cell adhesion, migration and invasion, resulted in cell arrest in G1 phase of cell cycle and a significant increase of apoptosis. Moreover, ARHGAP10 interacted with Cdc42 and overexpression of ARHGAP10 inhibited the activity of Cdc42 in A2780 cells. Gene set enrichment analysis on The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset showed that KEGG cell cycle, replication and base excision repair (BER) pathways were correlatively with the ARHGAP10 expression, which was further confirmed in ovarian cancer cells by western blotting. Hence, ARHGAP10 may serve as a tumor suppressor through inactivating Cdc42, as well as inhibiting cell cycle, replication and BER pathways. Our data suggest an important role of ARHGAP10 in the molecular etiology of cancer and implicate the potential application of ARHGAP10 in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Luo
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, China.,Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - J Guo
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, China.,Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - L Chen
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, China.,Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - W Yang
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, China.,Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - X Qu
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, China.,Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Z Cheng
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, China.,Institute of Gynecological Minimally Invasive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, China
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31
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Inhibitory effects of Arhgap6 on cervical carcinoma cells. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:1411-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4502-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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32
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Xie CR, Sun HG, Sun Y, Zhao WX, Zhang S, Wang XM, Yin ZY. Significance of genetic variants in DLC1 and their association with hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:4203-4209. [PMID: 26095787 PMCID: PMC4526053 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
DLC1 has been shown to be downregulated or absent in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is associated with tumorigenesis and development. However, only a small number of studies have focused on genetic variations of DLC1. The present study performed exon sequencing for the DLC1 gene in HCC tissue samples from 105 patients to identify functional genetic variation of DLC1 and its association with HCC susceptibility, clinicopathological features and prognosis. A novel missense mutation and four non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs3816748, rs11203495, rs3816747 and rs532841) were identified. A significant correlation of rs3816747 polymorphisms with HCC susceptibility was identified. Compared to individuals with the GG genotype of rs3816747, those with the GA (odds ratio (OR)=0.486; P=0.037) or GA+AA genotype (OR=0.51; P=0.039) were associated with a significantly decreased HCC risk. Furthermore, patients with the GC+CC genotype of rs3816748, the TC+CC genotype of rs11203495 or the GA+AA genotype of rs3816747 had small-sized tumors compared with those carrying the wild-type genotype. No significant association of DLC1 SNPs with the patients' prognosis was found. These results indicated that genetic variations in the DLC1 gene may confer a risk for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Rong Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Guang Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Xiu Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Min Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Yu Yin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
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Abstract
Metastases are responsible for most cancer-related deaths. One of the hallmarks of metastatic cells is increased motility and migration through extracellular matrixes. These processes rely on specific small GTPases, in particular those of the Rho family. Deleted in liver cancer-1 (DLC1) is a tumor suppressor that bears a RhoGAP activity. This protein is lost in most cancers, allowing malignant cells to proliferate and disseminate in a Rho-dependent manner. However, DLC1 is also a scaffold protein involved in alternative pathways leading to tumor and metastasis suppressor activities. Recently, substantial information has been gathered on these mechanisms and this review is aiming at describing the potential and known alternative GAP-independent mechanisms allowing DLC1 to impair migration, invasion, and metastasis formation.
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Braun AC, Olayioye MA. Rho regulation: DLC proteins in space and time. Cell Signal 2015; 27:1643-51. [PMID: 25889896 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rho GTPases function as molecular switches that connect changes of the external environment to intracellular signaling pathways. They are active at various subcellular sites and require fast and tight regulation to fulfill their role as transducers of extracellular stimuli. New imaging technologies visualizing the active states of Rho proteins in living cells elucidated the necessity of precise spatiotemporal activation of the GTPases. The local regulation of Rho proteins is coordinated by the interaction with different guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that turn on and off GTPase signaling to downstream effectors. GEFs and GAPs thus serve as critical signaling nodes that specify the amplitude and duration of a particular Rho signaling pathway. Despite their importance in Rho regulation, the molecular aspects underlying the spatiotemporal control of the regulators themselves are still largely elusive. In this review we will focus on the Deleted in Liver Cancer (DLC) family of RhoGAP proteins and summarize the evidence gathered over the past years revealing their different subcellular localizations that might account for isoform-specific functions. We will also highlight the importance of their tightly controlled expression in the context of neoplastic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja C Braun
- University of Stuttgart, Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Monilola A Olayioye
- University of Stuttgart, Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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Popescu NC, Goodison S. Deleted in liver cancer-1 (DLC1): an emerging metastasis suppressor gene. Mol Diagn Ther 2015; 18:293-302. [PMID: 24519699 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-014-0086-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
While significant progress continues to be made in the early detection and therapeutic management of primary tumors, the incidence of metastatic disease remains the major cause of mortality. Accordingly, the development of novel effective therapies that can ameliorate dissemination and secondary tumor growth are a clinical priority. The identification of genetic and functional alterations in cancer cells that affect factors implicated in the metastatic process is critical for designing preventive and therapeutic strategies. Evidence implicating the protein deleted in liver cancer-1 (DLC1), a Rho GTPase activator, in metastasis has accumulated to a point where DLC1 may be considered as a metastasis suppressor gene. This review presents evidence supporting an anti-metastatic role for DLC1 in several human cancers and discusses the mechanisms contributing to its inhibitory effects. In addition, promising opportunities for therapeutic interventions based on DLC1 function and downstream pathways involved in the metastatic process are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C Popescu
- Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Building 37, Room 4140, 37 Convent Dr., MSC 4262, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4262, USA,
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Ravi A, Kaushik S, Ravichandran A, Pan CQ, Low BC. Epidermal growth factor activates the Rho GTPase-activating protein (GAP) Deleted in Liver Cancer 1 via focal adhesion kinase and protein phosphatase 2A. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:4149-62. [PMID: 25525271 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.616839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Deleted in Liver Cancer 1 (DLC1) is a RHO GTPase-activating protein (GAP) that negatively regulates RHO. Through its GAP activity, it modulates the actin cytoskeleton network and focal adhesion dynamics, ultimately leading to suppression of cell invasion and metastasis. Despite its presence in various structural and signaling components, little is known about how the activity of DLC1 is regulated at focal adhesions. Here we show that EGF stimulation activates the GAP activity of DLC1 through a concerted mechanism involving DLC1 phosphorylation by MEK/ERK and its subsequent dephosphorylation by protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and inhibition of focal adhesion kinase by MEK/ERK to allow the binding between DLC1 and PP2A. Phosphoproteomics and mutation studies revealed that threonine 301 and serine 308 on DLC1, known previously to be mutated in certain cancers, are required for DLC1-PP2A interaction and the subsequent activation of DLC1 upon their dephosphorylation. The intricate interplay of this "MEK/ERK-focal adhesion kinase-DLC1-PP2A" quartet provides a novel checkpoint in the spatiotemporal control of cell spreading and cell motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archna Ravi
- From the Cell Signaling and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, 117543 Singapore and the Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive, 117411 Singapore
| | - Shelly Kaushik
- From the Cell Signaling and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, 117543 Singapore and the Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive, 117411 Singapore
| | - Aarthi Ravichandran
- the Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive, 117411 Singapore
| | - Catherine Qiurong Pan
- the Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive, 117411 Singapore
| | - Boon Chuan Low
- From the Cell Signaling and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, 117543 Singapore and the Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive, 117411 Singapore
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Fronza M, Caetano GF, Leite MN, Bitencourt CS, Paula-Silva FWG, Andrade TAM, Frade MAC, Merfort I, Faccioli LH. Hyaluronidase modulates inflammatory response and accelerates the cutaneous wound healing. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112297. [PMID: 25393024 PMCID: PMC4230982 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronidases are enzymes that degrade hyaluronan an important constituent of the extracellular matrix. They have been used as a spreading agent, improving the absorption of drugs and facilitating the subcutaneous infusion of fluids. Here, we investigated the influence of bovine testes hyaluronidase (HYAL) during cutaneous wound healing in in vitro and in vivo assays. We demonstrated in the wound scratch assay that HYAL increased the migration and proliferation of fibroblasts in vitro at low concentration, e.g. 0.1 U HYAL enhanced the cell number by 20%. HYAL presented faster and higher reepithelialization in in vivo full-thickness excisional wounds generated on adult Wistar rats back skin already in the early phase at 2nd day post operatory compared to vehicle-control group. Wound closured area observed in the 16 U and 32 U HYAL treated rats reached 38% and 46% compared to 19% in the controls, respectively. Histological and biochemical analyses supported the clinical observations and showed that HYAL treated wounds exhibited increased granulation tissue, diminished edema formation and regulated the inflammatory response by modulating the release of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines, growth factor and eicosanoids mediators. Moreover, HYAL increased gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) γ and PPAR β/δ, the collagen content in the early stages of healing processes as well as angiogenesis. Altogether these data revealed that HYAL accelerates wound healing processes and might be beneficial for treating wound disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcio Fronza
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade de Vila Velha, Vila Velha, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme F. Caetano
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Divisão de Dermatologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcel N. Leite
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Divisão de Dermatologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia S. Bitencourt
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco W. G. Paula-Silva
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago A. M. Andrade
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Divisão de Dermatologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco A. C. Frade
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Divisão de Dermatologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Irmgard Merfort
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lúcia H. Faccioli
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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38
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Sarapata EA, de Pillis LG. A Comparison and Catalog of Intrinsic Tumor Growth Models. Bull Math Biol 2014; 76:2010-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s11538-014-9986-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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39
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Wolosz D, Walczak A, Wilczynski GM, Szparecki G, Wilczek E, Gornicka B. Deleted in liver cancer 1 expression and localization in hepatocellular carcinoma tissue sections. Oncol Lett 2014; 8:785-788. [PMID: 25013499 PMCID: PMC4081396 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The deleted in liver cancer (DLC) protein family is composed of proteins that are hypothesized to function predominantly by regulating the activity of the small GTPases. The aim of the present study was to determine the expression and exact localization of DLC1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue sections. In two types of HCC tissues, typical and fibrolamellar, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent analysis were performed to assess DLC1 immunoreactivity. Additionally, the DLC1 gene status was determined by the fluorescence in situ hybridization. According to the observations, DLC1 is often lost in cancer cells; however, it can remain within the stromal component of tumor sections. The DLC1 immunoreactivity was particularly noticeable within the capsules surrounding the tumor masses. It was found that the DLC1 gene was deleted in 52% of HCC cases. In addition, the hemizygous deletion was observed to be independent of the HCC subtype. The results indicate that although the loss of DLC1 is a common step during hepatocarcinogenesis, this protein may be present in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Wolosz
- Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Mazovia 02-091, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Walczak
- Laboratory of Molecular and Systemic Neuromorphology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Mazovia 02-093, Poland
| | - Grzegorz M Wilczynski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Systemic Neuromorphology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Mazovia 02-093, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Szparecki
- Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Mazovia 02-091, Poland
| | - Ewa Wilczek
- Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Mazovia 02-091, Poland
| | - Barbara Gornicka
- Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Mazovia 02-091, Poland
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40
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Zhang J, Pan YF, Ding ZW, Yang GZ, Tan YX, Yang C, Jiang TY, Liu LJ, Zhang B, Han T, Cao D, Yang T, Yang N, Wu MC, Dong LW, Wang HY. RMP promotes venous metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma through promoting IL-6 transcription. Oncogene 2014; 34:1575-83. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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41
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miR-139-5p modulates cortical neuronal migration by targeting Lis1 in a rat model of focal cortical dysplasia. Int J Mol Med 2014; 33:1407-14. [PMID: 24647639 PMCID: PMC4055601 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) play important roles in the developing rat brain. In this study, we investigated the role of miRNAs in the brains of immature (20–80 days) rats with liquid nitrogen lesion-induced focal cortical dysplasia. miRNA microarray demonstrated that the expression of miR-139-5p was associated with cortical development. Bioinformatic analysis and luciferase assays revealed that the Lis1 gene is a likely target of miR-139-5p. It is known that Lis1 plays a role in cell proliferation and migration and can lead to cortical dysplasia when mutated. Our data demonstrated an inhibitory effect of miR-139-5p on the expression of Lis1 in PC12 cells 24 h following transfection with pre-miR-139-5p. However, when the PC12 cells were transfected with anti-miR-139-5p, an increase was observed in the expression of Lis1. Cell migration assay revealed that miR-139-5p significantly inhibited the migration of PC12 and HCN-2 cells treated with or without Lis1 protein. In addition, a rat model of focal cortical dysplasia was established, wherein miR-139-5p was administered and Lis1 expression was found to be markedly reduced. Moreover, the injured cortex showed a certain degree of recovery following the administration of miR-139-5p, demonstrating that the reduction in miR-139-5p was at least partially responsible for the upregulation of Lis1 in the rat brains. Our data suggest that miR-139-5p modulates cortical neuronal migration by targeting Lis1.
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42
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Lin B, Wang Y, Wang Z, Tan H, Kong X, Shu Y, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Zhu Y, Xu H, Wang Z, Wang P, Ning G, Kong X, Hu G, Hu L. Uncovering the rare variants of DLC1 isoform 1 and their functional effects in a Chinese sporadic congenital heart disease cohort. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90215. [PMID: 24587289 PMCID: PMC3938602 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect affecting the structure and function of fetal hearts. Despite decades of extensive studies, the genetic mechanism of sporadic CHD remains obscure. Deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1) gene, encoding a GTPase-activating protein, is highly expressed in heart and essential for heart development according to the knowledge of Dlc1-deficient mice. To determine whether DLC1 is a susceptibility gene for sporadic CHD, we sequenced the coding region of DLC1 isoform 1 in 151 sporadic CHD patients and identified 13 non-synonymous rare variants (including 6 private variants) in the case cohort. Importantly, these rare variants (8/13) were enriched in the N-terminal region of the DLC1 isoform 1 protein. Seven of eight amino acids at the N-terminal variant positions were conserved among the primates. Among the 9 rare variants that were predicted as "damaging", five were located at the N-terminal region. Ensuing in vitro functional assays showed that three private variants (Met360Lys, Glu418Lys and Asp554Val) impaired the ability of DLC1 to inhibit cell migration or altered the subcellular location of the protein compared to wild-type DLC1 isoform 1. These data suggest that DLC1 might act as a CHD-associated gene in addition to its role as a tumor suppressor in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Congenital Heart Disease, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Huilian Tan
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Congenital Heart Disease, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghua Kong
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Shu
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufei Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyin Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohong Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Landian Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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McCormack J, Welsh NJ, Braga VMM. Cycling around cell-cell adhesion with Rho GTPase regulators. J Cell Sci 2014; 126:379-91. [PMID: 23547086 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.097923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation and stability of epithelial adhesive systems, such as adherens junctions, desmosomes and tight junctions, rely on a number of cellular processes that ensure a dynamic interaction with the cortical cytoskeleton, and appropriate delivery and turnover of receptors at the surface. Unique signalling pathways must be coordinated to allow the coexistence of distinct adhesive systems at discrete sub-domains along junctions and the specific properties they confer to epithelial cells. Rho, Rac and Cdc42 are members of the Rho small GTPase family, and are well-known regulators of cell-cell adhesion. The spatio-temporal control of small GTPase activation drives specific intracellular processes to enable the hierarchical assembly, morphology and maturation of cell-cell contacts. Here, we discuss the small GTPase regulators that control the precise amplitude and duration of the levels of active Rho at cell-cell contacts, and the mechanisms that tailor the output of Rho signalling to a particular cellular event. Interestingly, the functional interaction is reciprocal; Rho regulators drive the maturation of cell-cell contacts, whereas junctions can also modulate the localisation and activity of Rho regulators to operate in diverse processes in the epithelial differentiation programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica McCormack
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London. Sir Alexander Fleming Building, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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44
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Alpy F, Tomasetto C. START ships lipids across interorganelle space. Biochimie 2014; 96:85-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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45
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Ko FCF, Ping Yam JW. Regulation of deleted in liver cancer 1 tumor suppressor by protein-protein interactions and phosphorylation. Int J Cancer 2013; 135:264-9. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frankie Chi Fat Ko
- Department of Pathology and Centre for Cancer Research; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong
| | - Judy Wai Ping Yam
- Department of Pathology and Centre for Cancer Research; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong
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46
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Guo H, Chen Y, Hu X, Qian G, Ge S, Zhang J. The regulation of Toll-like receptor 2 by miR-143 suppresses the invasion and migration of a subset of human colorectal carcinoma cells. Mol Cancer 2013; 12:77. [PMID: 23866094 PMCID: PMC3750391 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-12-77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)-driven tissue response may promote neoangiogenesis and tumour growth by mechanisms that are poorly understood. Methods We investigated the expression levels of TLR2 and associated-miRNAs in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) tissues and cell lines using real-time PCR, northern blotting and western blotting. Survival curver was generated by Log-Rank test and the role of TLR2 signalling in tumour invasion and migration was determined by transwell analysis kits. Results We observed that the tissues from CRC patients express relatively high levels of TLR2. Targeting TLR2 markedly reduces the invasion and migration of CRC cells. We also found that miR-143, a putative tumour suppressor that is down-regulated in CRC tissues, reduces the invasion and migration of CRC cells primarily via TLR2. Utilising a xenograft mouse model, we demonstrated that re-expression of miR-143 inhibits CRC cell colonisation in vivo. Conclusion miR-143 blocks the TLR2 signalling pathway in human CRC cells. This knowledge may pave the way for new clinical applications utilising miR-143 mimics in the treatment of patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Third People's Hospital, School of medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200019, PR China.
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Zheng Z, Tan C, Xiang G, Mai G, Liu X. Deleted in liver cancer-1 inhibits cell growth and tumorigenicity in human pancreatic cancer. Oncol Lett 2013; 6:521-524. [PMID: 24137359 PMCID: PMC3789078 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Deleted in liver cancer-1 (DLC-1) has been isolated from primary hepatocellular carcinoma and demonstrated to be a potential tumor suppressor gene. The aim of the present study was to observe the effect of the DLC-1 gene on pancreatic cancer cell growth and evaluate the feasibility of using the DLC-1 gene in gene therapy for pancreatic cancer. A recombinant plasmid (pcDNA3.1/DLC-1) was transfected into PANC-1 cells by liposomes and then the pre-established human PANC-1 pancreatic carcinoma cells were injected into athymic nude mice via the tail vein. The results showed that the overexpression of DLC-1 in the PANC-1 cells inhibited cell proliferation in vitro, while the act of introducing DLC-1 reduced tumorigenicity in the nude mice. The findings suggest that DLC-1 may have an effect on the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer. The DLC-1 gene may be a promising target in gene therapy for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjiang Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, P.R. China
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Feng X, Li C, Liu W, Chen H, Zhou W, Wang L, Zhu B, Yao K, Jiang X, Ren C. DLC-1, a candidate tumor suppressor gene, inhibits the proliferation, migration and tumorigenicity of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Int J Oncol 2013; 42:1973-84. [PMID: 23588806 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study we demonstrated the downregulation or loss of deleted in liver cancer‑1 (DLC-1) gene expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In this study, we report the effects of the DLC-1 gene on NPC cells and its mechanisms of action. DLC-1 expression was restored in the 5-8F NPC cell line, which lacks DLC-1 expression, and the biological characteristics of 5-8F-DLC‑1 cells were analyzed by MTT assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry (FCM), tumorigenesis analysis in nude mice, as well as invasion and migration assay. Differentially expressed genes in response to DLC-1 expression were screened using microarray analysis and identified by RT-PCR. The re-expression of DLC-1 in the NPC cells attenuated the proliferation and colony formation ability of the cells in vitro, blocked NPC cells at the G0/G1 phase, reduced tumorigenicity potential in vivo, inhibited the invasion and migration ability of NPC cells and resulted in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. DLC-1 altered the gene expression profile in 5-8F cells. Some tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) were upregulated and some oncogenes were downregulated. These results demonstrate that DLC-1 gene can partially reverse the malignant phenotype of NPC cells by changing the tumor-related gene expression profile, and may be a candidate tumor suppressor gene and a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangling Feng
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Central South University, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
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Chen WT, Yang CH, Wu CC, Huang YC, Chai CY. Aberrant deleted in liver cancer-1 expression is associated with tumor metastasis and poor prognosis in urothelial carcinoma. APMIS 2013; 121:1131-8. [DOI: 10.1111/apm.12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Tzu Chen
- Department of Pathology; Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsiu Yang
- Department of Pathology; Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chieh Wu
- Department of Pathology; Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chun Huang
- Department of Pathology; College of Medicine; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Chee-Yin Chai
- Department of Pathology; Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Kaohsiung Taiwan
- Department of Pathology; College of Medicine; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung Taiwan
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50
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Ko FCF, Chan LK, Man-Fong Sze K, Yeung YS, Yuk-Ting Tse E, Lu P, Yu MH, Oi-Lin Ng I, Yam JWP. PKA-induced dimerization of the RhoGAP DLC1 promotes its inhibition of tumorigenesis and metastasis. Nat Commun 2013; 4:1618. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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