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Bao Y, Tong C, Xiong X. CXCL3: A key player in tumor microenvironment and inflammatory diseases. Life Sci 2024; 348:122691. [PMID: 38714265 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
CXCL3 (C-X-C Motif Chemokine 3), a member of the C-X-C chemokine subfamily, operates as a potent chemoattractant for neutrophils, thereby orchestrating the recruitment and migration of leukocytes alongside eliciting an inflammatory response. Recent inquiries have shed light on the pivotal roles of CXCL3 in the context of carcinogenesis. In the tumor microenvironment, CXCL3 emanating from both tumor and stromal cells intricately modulates cellular behaviors through autocrine and paracrine actions, primarily via interaction with its receptor CXCR2. Activation of signaling cascades such as ERK/MAPK, AKT, and JAK2/STAT3 underscores CXCL3's propensity to favor tumorigenic processes. However, CXCL3 exhibits dualistic behaviors, as evidenced by its capacity to exert anti-tumor effects under specific conditions. Additionally, the involvement of CXCL3 extends to inflammatory disorders like eclampsia, obesity, and asthma. This review encapsulates the structural attributes, biological functionalities, and molecular underpinnings of CXCL3 across both tumorigenesis and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Bao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; Queen Mary School of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Chang Tong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xiangyang Xiong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathogens and Molecular Pathology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
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2
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Wu H, Zhu P, Shu P, Zhang S. Screening and verification of hub genes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by integrated analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6894. [PMID: 38519533 PMCID: PMC10959922 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57320-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. However, the mechanisms underlying ESCC tumorigenesis have not been fully elucidated. Thus, we aimed to determine the key genes involved in ESCC tumorigenesis. The following bioinformatics analyses were performed: identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs); gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis; integrated analysis of the protein-protein interaction network and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis database for validation of hub genes. Finally, western blotting and qPCR were used to explore the expression of cell division cycle 6 (CDC6) in ESCC cell lines. Immunohistochemistry analysis of ESCC samples from patients and matched clinical characteristics was used to determine the effects of CDC6. A total of 494 DEGs were identified, and functional enrichment was mainly focused on cell cycle and DNA replication. Biological pathway analysis of the hub genes was closely related to the cell cycle. We found that CDC6 was upregulated in ESCC cell lines and patient tissues and was related to the clinicopathological characteristics of ESCC. In conclusion, this study identified hub genes and crucial biological pathways related to ESCC tumorigenesis and integrated analyses indicated that CDC6 may be a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiang Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Peiyao Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Peng Shu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Shuguang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, China.
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3
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Fernandez-Avila L, Castro-Amaya AM, Molina-Pineda A, Hernández-Gutiérrez R, Jave-Suarez LF, Aguilar-Lemarroy A. The Value of CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, and CXCL8 as Potential Prognosis Markers in Cervical Cancer: Evidence of E6/E7 from HPV16 and 18 in Chemokines Regulation. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2655. [PMID: 37893029 PMCID: PMC10604789 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is a serious global health issue, and it is well-known that HPV infection is the main etiological factor that triggers carcinogenesis. In cancer, chemokine ligands and receptors are involved in tumor cell growth, metastasis, leukocyte infiltration, and angiogenesis; however, information on the role played by E6/E7 of HPV16/18 in the modulation of chemokines is very limited. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether chemokines are differentially expressed in CC-derived cell lines; if E6/E7 oncoproteins from HPV16 and 18 are capable of mediating chemokine expression, what is the expression profile of chemokines in tissues derived from CC and what is their impact on the overall survival of patients with this pathology? For this purpose, RNA sequencing and real-time PCR were performed on SiHa, HeLa, and C33A tumorigenic cell lines, on the non-tumorigenic HaCaT cells, and the E6/E7 HPV-transduced HaCaT cell models. Furthermore, chemokine expression and survival analysis were executed on 304 CC and 22 normal tissue samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) repository. The results demonstrate that CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, and CXCL8 are regulated by E6/E7 of HPV16 and 18, are overexpressed in CC biopsies, and that their higher expression is related to a worse prognostic survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Fernandez-Avila
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Aribert Maryosly Castro-Amaya
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Andrea Molina-Pineda
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Guadalajara 44270, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.M.-P.); (R.H.-G.)
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, CONAHCYT, Mexico City 03940, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Hernández-Gutiérrez
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Guadalajara 44270, Jalisco, Mexico; (A.M.-P.); (R.H.-G.)
| | - Luis Felipe Jave-Suarez
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Adriana Aguilar-Lemarroy
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
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Hayashi M, Ikenaga N, Nakata K, Luo H, Zhong P, Date S, Oyama K, Higashijima N, Kubo A, Iwamoto C, Torata N, Abe T, Yamada Y, Ohuchida K, Oda Y, Nakamura M. Intratumor Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes the progression of pancreatic cancer via the CXCL1-CXCR2 axis. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:3666-3678. [PMID: 37438965 PMCID: PMC10475786 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Intratumor bacteria modify the tumor immune microenvironment and influence outcomes of various tumors. Periodontal pathogen Fusobacterium nucleatum has been detected in pancreatic cancer tissues and is associated with poor prognosis. However, it remains unclear how F. nucleatum affects pancreatic cancer. Here, we compared clinical features with F. nucleatum colonization in pancreatic cancer tissues. F. nucleatum was detected in 15.5% (13/84) of pancreatic cancer patients. The tumor size was significantly larger in the F. nucleatum-positive group than in the negative group. To clarify the biological effect of intratumor F. nucleatum on pancreatic cancer progression, we performed migration/invasion assays and cytokine array analysis of cancer cells cocultured with F. nucleatum. F. nucleatum promoted CXCL1 secretion from pancreatic cancer cells, leading to cancer progression through autocrine signaling. Intratumor F. nucleatum suppressed tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells by recruiting myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) to the tumor in an F. nucleatum-injected subcutaneous pancreatic cancer mouse model, resulting in tumor progression. Furthermore, tumor growth accelerated by F. nucleatum was suppressed by MDSC depletion or cytokine inhibitors. Intratumor F. nucleatum promoted pancreatic cancer progression through autocrine and paracrine mechanisms of the CXCL1-CXCR2 axis. Blockade of the CXCL1-CXCR2 axis may be a novel therapeutic approach for patients with intratumor F. nucleatum-positive pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Hayashi
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Naoki Ikenaga
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Kohei Nakata
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Haizhen Luo
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - PingShan Zhong
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Satomi Date
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Koki Oyama
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Nobuhiro Higashijima
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Akihiro Kubo
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Chika Iwamoto
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Nobuhiro Torata
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Bachelor of Health ScienceKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Toshiya Abe
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Yutaka Yamada
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Kenoki Ohuchida
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
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Walsh RM, Ambrose J, Jack JL, Eades AE, Bye B, Ruckert MT, Olou AA, Messaggio F, Chalise P, Pei D, VanSaun MN. Adipose-Tumor Crosstalk contributes to CXCL5 Mediated Immune Evasion in PDAC. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.15.553432. [PMID: 37645755 PMCID: PMC10461999 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.15.553432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Background CXCR1/2 inhibitors are being implemented with immunotherapies in PDAC clinical trials. Cytokines responsible for stimulating these receptors include CXCL ligands, typically secreted by activated immune cells, fibroblasts, and even adipocytes. Obesity has been linked to poor patient outcome and altered anti-tumor immunity. Adipose-derived cytokines and chemokines have been implicated as potential drivers of tumor cell immune evasion, suggesting a possibility of susceptibility to targeting specifically in the context of obesity. Methods RNA-sequencing of human PDAC cell lines was used to assess differential influences on the cancer cell transcriptome after treatment with conditioned media from peri-pancreatic adipose tissue of lean and obese PDAC patients. The adipose-induced secretome of PDAC cells was then assessed by cytokine arrays and ELISAs. Lentiviral transduction and CRISPR-Cas9 was used to knock out CXCL5 from a murine PDAC cell line for orthotopic tumor studies in diet-induced obese, syngeneic mice. Flow cytometry was used to define the immune profiles of tumors. Anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade therapy was administered to alleviate T cell exhaustion and invoke an immune response, while the mice were monitored at endpoint for differences in tumor size. Results The chemokine CXCL5 was secreted in response to stimulation of PDAC cells with human adipose conditioned media (hAT-CM). PDAC CXCL5 secretion was induced by either IL-1β or TNF, but neutralization of both was required to limit secretion. Ablation of CXCL5 from tumors promoted an immune phenotype susceptible to PD-1 inhibitor therapy. While application of anti-PD-1 treatment to control tumors failed to alter tumor growth, knockout CXCL5 tumors were diminished. Conclusions In summary, our findings show that known adipokines TNF and IL-1β can stimulate CXCL5 release from PDAC cells in vitro. In vivo , CXCL5 depletion alone is sufficient to promote T cell infiltration into tumors in an obese setting, but requires checkpoint blockade inhibition to alleviate tumor burden. DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Raw and processed RNAseq data will be further described in the GEO accession database ( awaiting approval from GEO for PRJ number ). Additional raw data is included in the supplemental material and available upon reasonable request. WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC Obesity is linked to a worsened patient outcome and immunogenic tumor profile in PDAC. CXCR1/2 inhibitors have begun to be implemented in combination with immune checkpoint blockade therapies to promote T cell infiltration under the premise of targeting the myeloid rich TME. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS Using in vitro/ex vivo cell and tissue culture-based assays with in vivo mouse models we have identified that adipose derived IL-1β and TNF can promote tumor secretion of CXCL5 which acts as a critical deterrent to CD8 T cell tumor infiltration, but loss of CXCL5 also leads to a more immune suppressive myeloid profile. HOW THIS STUDY MIGHT AFFECT RESEARCH PRACTICE OR POLICY This study highlights a mechanism and emphasizes the efficacy of single CXCR1/2 ligand targeting that could be beneficial to overcoming tumor immune-evasion even in the obese PDAC patient population.
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Prajapati DR, Molczyk C, Purohit A, Saxena S, Sturgeon R, Dave BJ, Kumar S, Batra SK, Singh RK. Small molecule antagonist of CXCR2 and CXCR1 inhibits tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Lett 2023; 563:216185. [PMID: 37062329 PMCID: PMC10218365 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) has a poor prognosis, and current therapeutic strategies are ineffective in advanced diseases. We and others have shown the aberrant expression of CXCR2 and its ligands in PC development and progression. Our objective for this study was to evaluate the therapeutic utility of CXCR2/1 targeting using an small molecule antagonist, SCH-479833, in different PC preclinical murine models (syngeneic or xenogeneic). Our results demonstrate that CXCR2/1 antagonist had both antitumor and anti-metastatic effects in PC. CXCR2/1 antagonist treatment inhibited tumor cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and recruitment of neutrophils, while it increased apoptosis. Treatment with the antagonist enhanced fibrosis, tumor necrosis, and extramedullary hematopoiesis. Together, these findings suggest that selectively targeting CXCR2/1 with small molecule inhibitors is a promising therapeutic approach for inhibiting PC growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipakkumar R Prajapati
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, United States
| | - Caitlin Molczyk
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, United States
| | - Abhilasha Purohit
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, United States
| | - Sugandha Saxena
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, United States
| | - Reegan Sturgeon
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, United States
| | - Bhavana J Dave
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, United States
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5845, United States
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5845, United States
| | - Rakesh K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, 985950, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, United States.
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Korbecki J, Bosiacki M, Barczak K, Łagocka R, Chlubek D, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. The Clinical Significance and Role of CXCL1 Chemokine in Gastrointestinal Cancers. Cells 2023; 12:1406. [PMID: 37408240 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
One area of cancer research is the interaction between cancer cells and immune cells, in which chemokines play a vital role. Despite this, a comprehensive summary of the involvement of C-X-C motif ligand 1 (CXCL1) chemokine (also known as growth-regulated gene-α (GRO-α), melanoma growth-stimulatory activity (MGSA)) in cancer processes is lacking. To address this gap, this review provides a detailed analysis of CXCL1's role in gastrointestinal cancers, including head and neck cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)), cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma), and colorectal cancer (colon cancer and rectal cancer). This paper presents the impact of CXCL1 on various molecular cancer processes, such as cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, lymph node metastasis, angiogenesis, recruitment to the tumor microenvironment, and its effect on immune system cells, such as tumor-associated neutrophils (TAN), regulatory T (Treg) cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and macrophages. Furthermore, this review discusses the association of CXCL1 with clinical aspects of gastrointestinal cancers, including its correlation with tumor size, cancer grade, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, and patient prognosis. This paper concludes by exploring CXCL1's potential as a therapeutic target in anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korbecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, Zyty 28 St., 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Mateusz Bosiacki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
- Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 54 Str., 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Barczak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ryta Łagocka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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Advances in Molecular Regulation of Prostate Cancer Cells by Top Natural Products of Malaysia. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1536-1567. [PMID: 36826044 PMCID: PMC9954984 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) remains both a global health burden and a scientific challenge. We present a review of the molecular targets driving current drug discovery to fight this disease. Moreover, the preventable nature of most PCa cases represents an opportunity for phytochemicals as chemopreventive when adequately integrated into nutritional interventions. With a renovated interest in natural remedies as a commodity and their essential role in cancer drug discovery, Malaysia is looking towards capitalizing on its mega biodiversity, which includes the oldest rainforest in the world and an estimated 1200 medicinal plants. We here explore whether the list of top Malay plants prioritized by the Malaysian government may fulfill the potential of becoming newer, sustainable sources of prostate cancer chemotherapy. These include Andrographis paniculate, Centella asiatica, Clinacanthus nutans, Eurycoma longifolia, Ficus deltoidea, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Marantodes pumilum (syn. Labisia pumila), Morinda citrifolia, Orthosiphon aristatus, and Phyllanthus niruri. Our review highlights the importance of resistance factors such as Smac/DIABLO in cancer progression, the role of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis in cancer metastasis, and the regulation of PCa cells by some promising terpenes (andrographolide, Asiatic acid, rosmarinic acid), flavonoids (isovitexin, gossypin, sinensetin), and alkylresorcinols (labisiaquinones) among others.
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Senescent cells and SASP in cancer microenvironment: New approaches in cancer therapy. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 133:115-158. [PMID: 36707199 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence was first described as a state characterized by telomere shortening, resulting in limiting cell proliferation in aging. Apart from this type of senescence, which is called replicative senescence, other senescence types occur after exposure to different stress factors. One of these types of senescence induced after adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy and radiotherapy) is called therapy-induced senescence. The treatment with chemotherapeutics induces cellular senescence in normal and cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment. Thus therapy-induced senescence in the cancer microenvironment is accepted one of the drivers of tumor progression. Recent studies have revealed that senescence-associated secretory phenotype induction has roles in pathological processes such as inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and promoting tumor vascularization. Thus senolytic drugs that specifically kill senescent cells and senomorphic drugs that inhibit the secretory activity of senescent cells are seen as a new approach in cancer treatment. Developing and discovering new senotherapeutic agents targeting senescent cells is also gaining importance. In this review, we attempt to summarize the signaling pathways regarding the metabolism, cell morphology, and organelles of the senescent cell. Furthermore, we also reviewed the effects of SASP in the cancer microenvironment and the senotherapeutics that have the potential to be used as adjuvant therapy in cancer treatment.
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10
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Penco-Campillo M, Molina C, Piris P, Soufi N, Carré M, Pagnuzzi-Boncompagni M, Picco V, Dufies M, Ronco C, Benhida R, Martial S, Pagès G. Targeting of the ELR+CXCL/CXCR1/2 Pathway Is a Relevant Strategy for the Treatment of Paediatric Medulloblastomas. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233933. [PMID: 36497191 PMCID: PMC9738107 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common and aggressive paediatric brain tumour. Although the cure rate can be as high as 70%, current treatments (surgery, radio- and chemotherapy) excessively affect the patients' quality of life. Relapses cannot be controlled by conventional or targeted treatments and are usually fatal. The strong heterogeneity of the disease (four subgroups and several subtypes) is related to innate or acquired resistance to reference treatments. Therefore, more efficient and less-toxic therapies are needed. Here, we demonstrated the efficacy of a novel inhibitor (C29) of CXCR1/2 receptors for ELR+CXCL cytokines for the treatment of childhood MB. The correlation between ELR+CXCL/CXCR1/2 expression and patient survival was determined using the R2: Genomics Analysis and Visualization platform. In vitro efficacy of C29 was evaluated by its ability to inhibit proliferation, migration, invasion, and pseudo-vessel formation of MB cell lines sensitive or resistant to radiotherapy. The growth of experimental MB obtained by MB spheroids on organotypic mouse cerebellar slices was also assayed. ELR+CXCL/CXCR1/2 levels correlated with shorter survival. C29 inhibited proliferation, clone formation, CXCL8/CXCR1/2-dependent migration, invasion, and pseudo-vessel formation by sensitive and radioresistant MB cells. C29 reduced experimental growth of MB in the ex vivo organotypic mouse model and crossed the blood-brain barrier. Targeting CXCR1/2 represents a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of paediatric MB in first-line treatment or after relapse following conventional therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Penco-Campillo
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging (IRCAN), Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS UMR 7284 and INSERM U1081, 33 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice, France
| | - Clément Molina
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging (IRCAN), Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS UMR 7284 and INSERM U1081, 33 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice, France
| | - Patricia Piris
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Institut Paoli Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm U1068, CNRS UMR 758, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13273 Marseille, France
| | - Nouha Soufi
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging (IRCAN), Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS UMR 7284 and INSERM U1081, 33 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice, France
| | - Manon Carré
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Institut Paoli Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm U1068, CNRS UMR 758, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13273 Marseille, France
| | | | - Vincent Picco
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Biomedical Department, 98000 Monaco, Monaco
| | - Maeva Dufies
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging (IRCAN), Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS UMR 7284 and INSERM U1081, 33 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice, France
- Roca Therapeutics, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Cyril Ronco
- Roca Therapeutics, 06000 Nice, France
- Institut de Chimie de Nice UMR 7272, Université Côte d’Azur, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 06108 Nice, France
| | - Rachid Benhida
- Roca Therapeutics, 06000 Nice, France
- Institut de Chimie de Nice UMR 7272, Université Côte d’Azur, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 06108 Nice, France
| | - Sonia Martial
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging (IRCAN), Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS UMR 7284 and INSERM U1081, 33 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-4-92-03-12-29
| | - Gilles Pagès
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging (IRCAN), Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS UMR 7284 and INSERM U1081, 33 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice, France
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Biomedical Department, 98000 Monaco, Monaco
- Roca Therapeutics, 06000 Nice, France
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11
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Tseng YC, Shu CW, Chang HM, Lin YH, Tseng YH, Hsu HS, Goan YG, Tseng CJ. Assessment of Early Growth Response 1 in Tumor Suppression of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195792. [PMID: 36233659 PMCID: PMC9572560 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is associated with poor survival despite surgical resection, and its pathogenesis has been broadly investigated in the past decade. Early growth response 1 (EGR-1) could involve regulating tumor development in ESCC cells. Methods: An attempt was made to examine the molecular and cellular influence of EGR-1 in esophageal cancer cells by RNA extraction, real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), cell culture, small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown, western blot, migration assay, and cell viability assay. One hundred and forty-four samples of ESCC were collected from our hospital and analyzed. Significantly higher EGR-1 expression was noted in tumor-adjacent normal tissue compared with tumor lesions. Results: The univariate analysis showed no significant impacts of EGR-1 expression on patients’ survival. However, after adjusting for the pathological stage, patients with EGR-1 expression > 68th percentile had lower risks of cancer-related death. Moreover, knockdown of EGR-1 significantly enhanced cell migration, invasion, and resistance to chemotherapeutic agents in two ESCC cell lines. Conclusions: EGR-1 plays a key role in tumor suppression involving tumor viability suppression and reflects the treatment effect of current chemotherapy for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chiang Tseng
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Shu
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-W.S.); (C.-J.T.); Tel.: +886-7-3422121 (ext. 1505) (C.-J.T.); Fax: +886-7-3422288 (C.-J.T.)
| | - Hui-Min Chang
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Han Tseng
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Han-Shui Hsu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Gang Goan
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Jiunn Tseng
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-W.S.); (C.-J.T.); Tel.: +886-7-3422121 (ext. 1505) (C.-J.T.); Fax: +886-7-3422288 (C.-J.T.)
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12
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Lange A, Sawosz E, Daniluk K, Wierzbicki M, Małolepszy A, Gołębiewski M, Jaworski S. Bacterial Surface Disturbances Affecting Cell Function during Exposure to Three-Compound Nanocomposites Based on Graphene Materials. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3058. [PMID: 36080095 PMCID: PMC9459733 DOI: 10.3390/nano12173058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Combating pathogenic microorganisms in an era of ever-increasing drug resistance is crucial. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antibacterial mechanism of three-compound nanocomposites that were based on graphene materials. To determine the nanomaterials' physicochemical properties, an analysis of the mean hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential, transmission electron microscope (TEM) visualization and an FT-IR analysis were performed. The nanocomposites' activity toward bacteria species was defined by viability, colony forming units, conductivity and surface charge, cell wall integrity, ATP concentration, and intracellular pH. To ensure the safe usage of nanocomposites, the presence of cytokines was also analyzed. Both the graphene and graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites exhibited a high antibacterial effect toward all bacteria species (Enterobacter cloacae, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica, and Staphylococcus aureus), as well as exceeded values obtained from exposure to single nanoparticles. Nanocomposites caused the biggest membrane damage, along with ATP depletion. Nanocomposites that were based on GO resulted in lower toxicity to the cell line. In view of the many aspects that must be considered when investigating such complex structures as are three-component nanocomposites, studies of their mechanism of action are crucial to their potential antibacterial use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Lange
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Sawosz
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Daniluk
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Wierzbicki
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Artur Małolepszy
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-654 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Gołębiewski
- Department of Animal Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sławomir Jaworski
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
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13
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Urbantat RM, Jelgersma C, Vajkoczy P, Brandenburg S, Acker G. Combining TMZ and SB225002 induces changes of CXCR2 and VEGFR signalling in primary human endothelial cells in vitro. Oncol Rep 2022; 48:158. [PMID: 35856448 PMCID: PMC9350968 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Standard of care therapy for glioblastoma (GBM) consisting of surgical removal, temozolomide (TMZ) and radiotherapy fails to cure the disease and median survival is limited to 15 months. Therapeutic approaches targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-mediated angiogenesis, one of the major drivers of tumour growth, have not prolonged patient survival as reported in clinical studies. Apart from VEGFR signalling, proangiogenic C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) is of special interest as its ligands C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2) and interleukin-8 (IL8) are upregulated and associated with reduced survival in GBM patients. As CXCR2 is also expressed by endothelial cells, the aim of the present study was to elucidate the effect of combination therapy on gene and protein expression of primary human endothelial cells (HUVECs). To mimic the GBM specific CXCL2/IL8 oversupply environment [referred to as stimulation (STIM)], HUVECs were treated with a cocktail of CXCL2/IL8 and/or TMZ and/or CXCR2-antagonist SB225002 (SB). In brief, six treatment conditions were utilized: i) Control, ii) STIM (CXCL2/IL8), iii) TMZ + SB, iv) STIM + TMZ, v) STIM + SB, vi) STIM + TMZ + SB followed by either RNA-isolation and RT-qPCR for BAX, BCL2, vascular endothelial growth receptor (VEGFR)1/2, VEGF, CXCR1/2, CXCL2 and IL8 or immunofluorescence staining for VEGFR2 and CXCR2. SB and TMZ led to morphological changes of HUVECs and downregulated antiapoptotic BCL2 in vitro. In addition, gene expression of the alternative proangiogenic CXCL2/IL8/CXCR2 signalling pathway was significantly altered by the combination therapy, while the VEGF/VEGFR1/2 axis was only mildly affected. Furthermore, VEGFR2 and CXCR2 gene and protein expression regulation differed. VEGFR2 was not altered at the gene expression level, while combination therapy with TMZ and SB led to a 74% upregulation of VEGFR2 at the protein level. By contrast, CXCR2 was upregulated 5-fold by the combination therapy at the gene expression level and downregulated by 72.5% at the protein expression level. The present study provided first insights into the molecular changes of two major proangiogenic pathways in primary endothelial cells during treatment with TMZ and SB. Different gene and protein expression levels of the proangiogenic receptors CXCR2 and VEGFR2 in vitro must be taken into consideration in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth M Urbantat
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité‑Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‑Universität zu Berlin, D‑10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudius Jelgersma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité‑Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‑Universität zu Berlin, D‑10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Vajkoczy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité‑Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‑Universität zu Berlin, D‑10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Susan Brandenburg
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité‑Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‑Universität zu Berlin, D‑10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gueliz Acker
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité‑Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‑Universität zu Berlin, D‑10117 Berlin, Germany
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14
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Man X, Yang X, Wei Z, Tan Y, Li W, Jin H, Wang B. High expression level of CXCL1/GROα is linked to advanced stage and worse survival in uterine cervical cancer and facilitates tumor cell malignant processes. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:712. [PMID: 35764974 PMCID: PMC9241244 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09749-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background CXCL1 belongs to a member of the ELR + CXC chemokine subgroups that also known as GRO-alpha. It has been recognized that several types of human cancers constitutively express CXCL1, which may serve as a crucial mediator involved in cancer development and metastasis via an autocrine and/or paracrine fashion. However, the expression pattern and clinical significance of CXCL1 in human uterine cervix cancer (UCC), as well as its roles and mechanisms in UCC tumor biology remains entirely unclear. Methods The expression and clinical significance of CXCL1 in UCC tissues was explored using immunohistochemistry and bioinformatics analyses. The expression and effects of CXCL1 in HeLa UCC cells were assessed using ELISA, CCK-8 and transwell assays. Western blotting experiments were performed to evaluate the potential mechanism of CXCL1 on malignant behaviors of HeLa UCC cells. Results The current study demonstrated that CXCL1 was expressed in HeLa UCC cells, PHM1-41 human immortalized cervical stromal cells, as well as cervical tissues, with UCC tissues having an evidently high level of CXCL1. This high level of CXCL1 in cancer tissues was notably related to poor clinical stages and worse survival probability, rather than tumor infiltration and patient age. In addition, CXCL1 expression was extremely correlated with CCL20, CXCL8 and CXCL3 cancer-associated chemokines expression. In vitro, the growth and migration abilities of HeLa cells were significantly enhanced in the presence of exogenous CXCL1. Gain-function assay revealed that CXCL1 overexpression significantly promoted growth and migration response in HeLa cells in both autocrine and paracrine manners. Finally, we found that CXCL1 overexpression in HeLa cells influenced the expression of ERK signal-related genes, and HeLa cell malignant behaviors derived from CXCL1 overexpression were further interrupted in the presence of the ERK1/2 blocker. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate the potential roles of CXCL1 as a promoter and a novel understanding of the functional relationship between CXCL1 and the ERK signaling pathway in UCC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09749-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxia Man
- Department of Oncologic Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhentong Wei
- Department of Oncologic Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuying Tan
- Department of Echocardiography, The First hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanying Li
- Department of Oncologic Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjuan Jin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Baogang Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Korbecki J, Gąssowska-Dobrowolska M, Wójcik J, Szatkowska I, Barczak K, Chlubek M, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. The Importance of CXCL1 in Physiology and Noncancerous Diseases of Bone, Bone Marrow, Muscle and the Nervous System. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084205. [PMID: 35457023 PMCID: PMC9024980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This review describes the role of CXCL1, a chemokine crucial in inflammation as a chemoattractant for neutrophils, in physiology and in selected major non-cancer diseases. Due to the vast amount of available information, we focus on the role CXCL1 plays in the physiology of bones, bone marrow, muscle and the nervous system. For this reason, we describe its effects on hematopoietic stem cells, myoblasts, oligodendrocyte progenitors and osteoclast precursors. We also present the involvement of CXCL1 in diseases of selected tissues and organs including Alzheimer’s disease, epilepsy, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) encephalitis, ischemic stroke, major depression, multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica, neuropathic pain, osteoporosis, prion diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), traumatic spinal cord injury and West Nile fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korbecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (M.C.)
- Department of Ruminants Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Klemensa Janickiego 29 St., 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; (J.W.); (I.S.)
| | - Magdalena Gąssowska-Dobrowolska
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jerzy Wójcik
- Department of Ruminants Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Klemensa Janickiego 29 St., 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; (J.W.); (I.S.)
| | - Iwona Szatkowska
- Department of Ruminants Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Klemensa Janickiego 29 St., 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; (J.W.); (I.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Barczak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Mikołaj Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-914-661-515
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16
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Haraoka Y, Akieda Y, Nagai Y, Mogi C, Ishitani T. Zebrafish imaging reveals TP53 mutation switching oncogene-induced senescence from suppressor to driver in primary tumorigenesis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1417. [PMID: 35304872 PMCID: PMC8933407 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29061-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Most tumours are thought to arise through oncogenic cell generation followed by additional mutations. How a new oncogenic cell primes tumorigenesis by acquiring additional mutations remains unclear. We show that an additional TP53 mutation stimulates primary tumorigenesis by switching oncogene-induced senescence from a tumour suppressor to a driver. Zebrafish imaging reveals that a newly emerged oncogenic cell with the RasG12V mutation becomes senescent and is eliminated from the epithelia, which is prevented by adding a TP53 gain-of-function mutation (TP53R175H) into RasG12V cells. Surviving RasG12V-TP53R175H double-mutant cells senesce and secrete senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP)-related inflammatory molecules that convert neighbouring normal cells into SASP factor-secreting senescent cells, generating a heterogeneous tumour-like cell mass. We identify oncogenic cell behaviours that may control the initial human tumorigenesis step. Ras and TP53 mutations and cellular senescence are frequently detected in human tumours; similar switching may occur during the initial step of human tumorigenesis. It is unclear how a single oncogenic cell primes tumorigenesis. Here the authors visualised this behaviour using a zebrafish larval skin as a model and show that RasG12V oncogenic cell is eliminated through oncogene-senescence while a gain of function mutation in p53 alters this behaviour from tumour suppressive to tumour promoting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukinari Haraoka
- Department of Homeostatic Regulation, Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuki Akieda
- Department of Homeostatic Regulation, Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuri Nagai
- Department of Homeostatic Regulation, Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Chihiro Mogi
- Institute for Molecular & Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma, 371-8512, Japan
| | - Tohru Ishitani
- Department of Homeostatic Regulation, Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. .,Institute for Molecular & Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma, 371-8512, Japan. .,Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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17
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O'Donovan C, Davern M, Donlon NE, Lysaght J, Conroy MJ. Chemokine-targeted therapies: An opportunity to remodel immune profiles in gastro-oesophageal tumours. Cancer Lett 2021; 521:224-236. [PMID: 34506844 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapies are transforming outcomes for many cancer patients and are quickly becoming the fourth pillar of cancer therapy. However, their efficacy of only ∼25% in gastro-oesophageal cancer has been disappointing. This is attributed to factors such as insufficient patient stratification and the pro-tumourigenic immune landscape of gastro-oesophageal tumours. The chemokine profiles of solid tumours and the availability of effector immune cells greatly influence the immune infiltrate, producing 'cold' or 'immune-excluded' tumours in which immunotherapies are unable to reinvigorate the immune response. Other biological functions for chemokines have emerged, such as promoting cell survival, polarising T cell responses, and supporting several hallmarks of cancer. Therefore, chemokine networks may be exploited with therapeutic intent to mobilise and polarise anti-tumour immune cells, with further utility as combination treatments to augment the efficacy of current cancer immunotherapies. Few studies have demonstrated the clinical benefit of chemokine-targeted therapies as monotherapies, and this review proposes their consideration as combination treatments. Herein, we explore the anti-tumour and pro-tumour implications of chemokine signalling in gastro-oesophageal cancer and discuss their value as prognostic and predictive biomarkers in response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cillian O'Donovan
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital Campus, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Maria Davern
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital Campus, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Noel E Donlon
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital Campus, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital Campus, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Melissa J Conroy
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital Campus, Dublin 8, Ireland; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
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18
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Saxena S, Singh RK. Chemokines orchestrate tumor cells and the microenvironment to achieve metastatic heterogeneity. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:447-476. [PMID: 33959849 PMCID: PMC9863248 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-09970-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines, a subfamily of the cell cytokines, are low molecular weight proteins known to induce chemotaxis in leukocytes in response to inflammatory and pathogenic signals. A plethora of literature demonstrates that chemokines and their receptors regulate tumor progression and metastasis. With these diverse functionalities, chemokines act as a fundamental link between the tumor cells and their microenvironment. Recent studies demonstrate that the biology of chemokines and their receptor in metastasis is complex as numerous chemokines are involved in regulating site-specific tumor growth and metastasis. Successful treatment of disseminated cancer is a significant challenge. The most crucial problem for treating metastatic cancer is developing therapy regimes capable of overcoming heterogeneity problems within primary tumors and among metastases and within metastases (intralesional). This heterogeneity of malignant tumor cells can be related to metastatic potential, response to chemotherapy or specific immunotherapy, and many other factors. In this review, we have emphasized the role of chemokines in the process of metastasis and metastatic heterogeneity. Individual chemokines may not express the full potential to address metastatic heterogeneity, but chemokine networks need exploration. Understanding the interplay between chemokine-chemokine receptor networks between the tumor cells and their microenvironment is a novel approach to overcome the problem of metastatic heterogeneity. Recent advances in the understanding of chemokine networks pave the way for developing a potential targeted therapeutic strategy to treat metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugandha Saxena
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985900 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, USA
| | - Rakesh K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985900 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, USA.
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Liu X, Lan T, Mo F, Yang J, Wei Y, Wei X. Antitumor and Radiosensitization Effects of a CXCR2 Inhibitor in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:689613. [PMID: 34124076 PMCID: PMC8188356 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.689613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
CXCR2, a member of the G-protein-coupled cell surface chemokine receptor family, is commonly found on leukocytes, endothelial cells and tumor cells including nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. However, how the activity of CXCR2 and its ligand CXCL8 affects the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains unknown. Here, we found that CXCR2 and CXCL8 were both predicted poor prognosis in NPC patients. Furthermore, we identified that treatment with CXCR2 antagonist SB225002 of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines resulted tumorigenesis inhibition in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we found that SB225002 could enhance NPC cells radiosensitivity through regulating cell circle distribution and interfering with cellular DNA damage repair. SB225002 also exhibited an efficient radiosensitization effect in C666-1 and HONE-1 bearing mice. Functionally, we showed that SB225002 reduced microvessel density and proliferation and induced tumor apoptosis. Furthermore, changes in the tumor microenvironment were also observed in this study. We observed that SB225002 reduced tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) in the tumors tissue which were recruited especially after irradiation. Taken together, our results suggested that targeting the CXCL8-CXCR2 pathway is a promising therapeutic strategy for comprehensive NPC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobei Liu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tianxia Lan
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fei Mo
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingyun Yang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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20
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Inhibition of CXCR2 plays a pivotal role in re-sensitizing ovarian cancer to cisplatin treatment. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:13405-13420. [PMID: 34038868 PMCID: PMC8202899 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
cDNA microarray data conducted by our group revealed overexpression of CXCL2 and CXCL8 in ovarian cancer (OC) microenvironment. Herein, we have proven that the chemokine receptor, CXCR2, is a pivotal molecule in re-sensitizing OC to cisplatin, and its inhibition decreases cell proliferation, viability, tumor size in cisplatin-resistant cells, as well as reversed the overexpression of mesenchymal epithelium transition markers. Altogether, our study indicates a central effect of CXCR2 in preventing tumor progression, due to acquisition of cisplatin chemoresistant phenotype by tumor cells, and patients' high lethality rate. We found that the overexpression of CXCR2 by OC cells is persistent and anomalously confined to the cellular nuclei, thus pointing to an urge in developing highly lipophilic molecules that promptly permeate cells, bind to and inhibit nuclear CXCR2 to fight OC, instead of relying on the high-cost genetic engineered cells.
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21
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Yang J, Liu H, Cao Q, Zhong W. Characteristics of CXCL2 expression in coronary atherosclerosis and negative regulation by microRNA-421. J Int Med Res 2021; 48:300060519896150. [PMID: 32212883 PMCID: PMC7254600 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519896150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The study investigated expression of microRNA (miR)-421 in plaques, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and serum from patients with coronary atherosclerosis. Methods Thirty-three patients with coronary atherosclerosis and 29 healthy individuals were included. Plaque tissue and adjacent intimal tissue were collected from patients. Peripheral blood was collected from patients and healthy individuals. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to determine expression of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2) mRNA and miR-421. Western blotting was used to measure expression of CXCL2 protein in plaques and PBMCs, and ELISA was used to detect serum levels of CXCL2. A dual luciferase reporter assay was carried out to test whether CXCL2 mRNA directly interacts with miR-421. Results Patients with coronary atherosclerosis had elevated expression of CXCL2 mRNA and protein in plaques, PBMCs, and serum compared with healthy controls but reduced expression of miR-421. The dual luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-421 could bind with the 3′-untranslated seed region of CXCL2 mRNA to regulate its expression. Conclusion We demonstrated that elevated expression of CXCL2 in plaques, PBMCs, and serum of patients with coronary atherosclerosis was related to downregulation of miR-421 expression. miR-421 plays a role in the occurrence of coronary atherosclerosis, probably through CXCL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang City, P.R. China
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang City, P.R. China
| | - Qian Cao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zaozhuang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zaozhuang City, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhong
- Cadre Ward, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang City, P.R. China
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22
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Gavamukulya Y, Maina EN, El-Shemy HA, Meroka AM, Kangogo GK, Magoma G, Wamunyokoli F. Annona muricata silver nanoparticles exhibit strong anticancer activities against cervical and prostate adenocarcinomas through regulation of CASP9 and the CXCL1/CXCR2 genes axis. Tumour Biol 2021; 43:37-55. [PMID: 33935122 DOI: 10.3233/tub-200058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Green synthesized nanoparticles have been earmarked for use in nanomedicine including for the development of better anticancer drugs. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to undertake biochemical evaluation of anticancer activities of green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from ethanolic extracts of fruits (AgNPs-F) and leaves (AgNPs-L) of Annona muricata. METHODS Previously synthesized silver nanoparticles were used for the study. The effects of the AgNPs and 5-Fluorouracil were studied on PC3, HeLa and PNT1A cells. The resazurin, migration and colonogenic assays as well as qRT-PCR were employed. RESULTS The AgNPs-F displayed significant antiproliferative effects against HeLa cells with an IC50 of 38.58μg/ml and PC3 cells with an IC50 of 48.17μg/ml but selectively spared normal PNT1A cells (selectivity index of 7.8), in comparison with first line drug 5FU and AgNPs-L whose selectivity index were 3.56 and 2.26 respectively. The migration assay revealed potential inhibition of the metastatic activity of the cells by the AgNPs-F while the colonogenic assay indicated the permanent effect of the AgNPs-F on the cancer cells yet being reversible on the normal cells in contrast with 5FU and AgNPs-L. CASP9 was significantly over expressed in all HeLa cells treated with the AgNPs-F (1.53-fold), AgNPs-L (1.52-fold) and 5FU (4.30-fold). CXCL1 was under expressed in HeLa cells treated with AgNPs-F (0.69-fold) and AgNPs-L (0.58-fold) and over expressed in cells treated with 5FU (4.95-fold), but the difference was not statistically significant. CXCR2 was significantly over expressed in HeLa cells treated with 5FU (8.66-fold) and AgNPs-F (1.12-fold) but under expressed in cells treated with AgNPs-L (0.76-fold). CONCLUSIONS Here we show that biosynthesized AgNPs especially AgNPs-F can be used in the development of novel and better anticancer drugs. The mechanism of action of the AgNPs involves activation of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway through upregulation of CASP9 and concerted down regulation of the CXCL1/ CXCR2 gene axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahaya Gavamukulya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Pan African University Institute for Basic Sciences, Technology and Innovation, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Esther N Maina
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Pan African University Institute for Basic Sciences, Technology and Innovation, Nairobi, Kenya.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Hany A El-Shemy
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Pan African University Institute for Basic Sciences, Technology and Innovation, Nairobi, Kenya.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amos M Meroka
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kenya Methodist University, Meru, Kenya
| | | | - Gabriel Magoma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Pan African University Institute for Basic Sciences, Technology and Innovation, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Fred Wamunyokoli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Pan African University Institute for Basic Sciences, Technology and Innovation, Nairobi, Kenya.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
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23
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Cheng Y, Mo F, Li Q, Han X, Shi H, Chen S, Wei Y, Wei X. Targeting CXCR2 inhibits the progression of lung cancer and promotes therapeutic effect of cisplatin. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:62. [PMID: 33814009 PMCID: PMC8019513 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01355-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Drug-resistance and severe side effects of chemotherapeutic agents result in unsatisfied survival of patients with lung cancer. CXCLs/CXCR2 axis plays an important role in progression of cancer including lung cancer. However, the specific anti-cancer mechanism of targeting CXCR2 remains unclear. Methods Immunohistochemical analysis of CXCR2 was performed on the microarray of tumor tissues of clinical lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma patients. CCK8 test, TUNEL immunofluorescence staining, PI-Annexin V staining, β-galactosidase staining, and Western blot were used to verify the role of CXCR2 in vitro. Animal models of tail vein and subcutaneous injection were applied to investigate the therapeutic role of targeting CXCR2. Flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunohistochemistry analysis were performed for further mechanistic investigation. Results The expression of CXCR2 was elevated in both human lung cancer stroma and tumor cells, which was associated with patients’ prognosis. Inhibition of CXCR2 promoted apoptosis, senescence, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and anti-proliferation of lung cancer cells. In vivo study showed that tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) were significantly infiltrate into tumor tissues of mouse model, with up-regulated CXCLs/CXCR2 signaling and suppressive molecules, including Arg-1 and TGF-β. SB225002, a selective inhibitor of CXCR2 showed promising therapeutic effect, and significantly reduced infiltration of neutrophils and enhanced anti-tumor T cell activity via promoting CD8+ T cell activation. Meanwhile, blockade of CXCR2 could enhance therapeutic effect of cisplatin via regulation of neutrophils infiltration. Conclusions Our finds verify the therapeutic effects of targeting CXCR2 in lung cancer and uncover the potential mechanism for the increased sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents by antagonists of CXCR2. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-021-01355-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cheng
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Mo
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingfang Li
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejiao Han
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Houhui Shi
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Zangouei AS, Hamidi AA, Rahimi HR, Saburi E, Mojarrad M, Moghbeli M. Chemokines as the critical factors during bladder cancer progression: an overview. Int Rev Immunol 2021; 40:344-358. [PMID: 33591855 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2021.1877287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is one of the most frequent urogenital malignancies which is mainly observed among men. There are various genetic and environmental risk factors associated with BCa progression. Transurethral endoscopic resection and open ablative surgery are the main treatment options for muscle invasive BCa. BCG therapy is also employed following the endoscopic resection to prevent tumor relapse. The tumor microenvironment is the main interaction site of tumor cells and immune system in which the immune cells are recruited via chemokines and chemokine receptors. In present review we summarized the main chemokines and chemokine receptors which have been associated with histopathological features of BCa patients in the world. This review highlights the chemokines and chemokine receptors as critical markers in early detection and therapeutic purposes among BCa patients and clarifies their molecular functions during BCa progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Sadra Zangouei
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Abbas Hamidi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Rahimi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Mojarrad
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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25
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Amabebe E, Anumba DO. The transmembrane G protein-coupled CXCR3 receptor-ligand system and maternal foetal allograft rejection. Placenta 2020; 104:81-88. [PMID: 33296735 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic placental inflammatory lesions lead to poor obstetric outcomes. These lesions often proceed undetected until examination of placental tissues after delivery and are mediated by CXCR3, a seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor, and its chemokine ligands - CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11. CXCR3-chemokine ligand interaction disrupts feto-maternal immune tolerance and activate obnoxious immunological responses similar to transplant rejection and graft-versus-host disease. The resultant chronic inflammatory responses manifest in different parts of the placenta characterised by the presence of incompatible immunocompetent cells from the feto-maternal unit i.e. maternal CD8+ T cells in the chorionic membrane or plate (chronic chorioamnionitis); foetal Hofbauer cells and maternal CD8+ T cells in the chorionic villous tree (villitis of unknown aetiology); maternal CD8+ T and plasma cells in the basal plate (chronic deciduitis); and maternal CD8+ T cells, histiocytes and T regulatory cells in the intervillous space (chronic intervillositis). This review critically examines how the CXCR3-chemokine ligand interaction disrupts feto-maternal immune tolerance, initiates a series of chronic placental inflammatory lesions, and consequently activates the pathways to intrauterine growth restriction, stillbirth, spontaneous abortion, preterm prelabour rupture of membranes, preterm labour and birth. The possibility of interrupting these signalling pathways through the use of CXCR3 chemokine inhibitors to prevent adverse reproductive sequelae as well as the potential clinical utility of CXCR3 chemokines as non-invasive predictive clinical biomarkers are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Amabebe
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Dilly O Anumba
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, UK.
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26
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Huang WY, Berndt SI, Shiels MS, Katki HA, Chaturvedi AK, Wentzensen N, Trabert B, Kemp TJ, Pinto LA, Hildesheim A, Rothman N, Purdue MP. Circulating inflammation markers and colorectal adenoma risk. Carcinogenesis 2020; 40:765-770. [PMID: 30753331 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a driver of colorectal neoplasia; however, what particular inflammatory processes play a role in early carcinogenesis are unclear. We compared serum levels of 78 inflammation markers between 171 pathologically confirmed colorectal adenoma cases (including 48 incident cases) and 344 controls within the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. We used weighted multivariable logistic regression to compute odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). We found 14 markers associated with risk of adenoma overall; three of these were also associated with incident adenoma: CC-chemokine cysteine motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) [overall adenoma fourth versus first quartile: OR 4.8, 95% CI 2.0-12, Ptrend 0.0007; incident adenoma third versus first tertile: OR 4.6, 95% CI 1.0-22, Ptrend 0.03], growth-related gene oncogene products (GRO) [OR 3.8, 95% CI 1.6-9.3, Ptrend 0.006 and OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.1-12, Ptrend 0.04, respectively] and insulin [OR 2.9, 95% CI 0.8-10, Ptrend 0.05 and OR 7.8, 95% CI 1.3-46, Ptrend 0.03, respectively]. All statistical tests were two-sided. These results provide important new evidence implicating CCL20- and GRO-related pathways in early colorectal carcinogenesis and further support a role for insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yi Huang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Meredith S Shiels
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hormuzd A Katki
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anil K Chaturvedi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Britton Trabert
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Troy J Kemp
- HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Ligia A Pinto
- HPV Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Allan Hildesheim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mark P Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
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27
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Xun Y, Yang H, Li J, Wu F, Liu F. CXC Chemokine Receptors in the Tumor Microenvironment and an Update of Antagonist Development. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 178:1-40. [PMID: 32816229 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chemokine receptors, a diverse group within the seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily, are frequently overexpressed in malignant tumors. Ligand binding activates multiple downstream signal transduction cascades that drive tumor growth and metastasis, resulting in poor clinical outcome. These receptors are thus considered promising targets for anti-tumor therapy. This article reviews recent studies on the expression and function of CXC chemokine receptors in various tumor microenvironments and recent developments in cancer therapy using CXC chemokine receptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xun
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiekai Li
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fuling Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China.
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28
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Han X, Shi H, Sun Y, Shang C, Luan T, Wang D, Ba X, Zeng X. CXCR2 expression on granulocyte and macrophage progenitors under tumor conditions contributes to mo-MDSC generation via SAP18/ERK/STAT3. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:598. [PMID: 31395859 PMCID: PMC6687752 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1837-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) comprise a critical component of the tumor environment and CXCR2 reportedly plays a key role in the pathophysiology of various inflammatory diseases. Here, CXCR2 expression on granulocyte and macrophage progenitor cells (GMPs) was found to participate in myeloid cell differentiation within the tumor environment. In CXCR2-deficient tumor-bearing mice, GMPs exhibited fewer macrophage and dendritic cell progenitor cells than wild-type tumor-bearing mice, thereby decreasing monocytic MDSCs (mo-MDSCs) expansion. CXCR2 deficiency increased SAP18 expression in tumor-bearing mice, which reduced STAT3 phosphorylation through restraining ERK1/2 activation. Our findings reveal a critical role for CXCR2 in regulating hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation under tumor conditions, and SAP18 is a key negative regulator in this process. Thus, inhibiting CXCR2 expression may alter the tumor microenvironment and attenuate tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Han
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | | | - Yingying Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chao Shang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Tao Luan
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Dake Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xueqing Ba
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Xianlu Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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Faget DV, Ren Q, Stewart SA. Unmasking senescence: context-dependent effects of SASP in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2019; 19:439-453. [PMID: 31235879 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-019-0156-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 448] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence plays a critical role in tumorigenesis. Once thought of as a tissue culture artefact by some researchers, senescence is now a major field of study. Although there are common molecular mechanisms that enforce the growth arrest that characterizes the phenotype, the impact of senescence is varied and can, in some instances, have opposite effects on tumorigenesis. It has become clearer that the cell of origin and the tissue in question dictate the impact of senescence on tumorigenesis. In this Review, we unravel this complexity by focusing on how senescence impacts tumorigenesis when it arises within incipient tumour cells versus stromal cells, and how these roles can change in different stages of disease progression. In addition, we highlight the diversity of the senescent phenotype and its functional output beyond growth arrest: the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Fortunately, a number of new genetic and pharmacologic tools have been developed that are now allowing the senescence phenotype to be parsed further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas V Faget
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Qihao Ren
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sheila A Stewart
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- ICCE Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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30
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Hishida T, Vazquez-Ferrer E, Hishida-Nozaki Y, Sancho-Martinez I, Takahashi Y, Hatanaka F, Wu J, Ocampo A, Reddy P, Wu MZ, Gerken L, Shaw RJ, Rodriguez Esteban C, Benner C, Nakagawa H, Guillen Garcia P, Nuñez Delicado E, Castells A, Campistol JM, Liu GH, Izpisua Belmonte JC. Mutations in foregut SOX2 + cells induce efficient proliferation via CXCR2 pathway. Protein Cell 2019; 10:485-495. [PMID: 31041783 PMCID: PMC6588654 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-019-0630-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of the precise molecular pathways involved in oncogene-induced transformation may help us gain a better understanding of tumor initiation and promotion. Here, we demonstrate that SOX2+ foregut epithelial cells are prone to oncogenic transformation upon mutagenic insults, such as KrasG12D and p53 deletion. GFP-based lineage-tracing experiments indicate that SOX2+ cells are the cells-of-origin of esophagus and stomach hyperplasia. Our observations indicate distinct roles for oncogenic KRAS mutation and P53 deletion. p53 homozygous deletion is required for the acquisition of an invasive potential, and KrasG12D expression, but not p53 deletion, suffices for tumor formation. Global gene expression analysis reveals secreting factors upregulated in the hyperplasia induced by oncogenic KRAS and highlights a crucial role for the CXCR2 pathway in driving hyperplasia. Collectively, the array of genetic models presented here demonstrate that stratified epithelial cells are susceptible to oncogenic insults, which may lead to a better understanding of tumor initiation and aid in the design of new cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Hishida
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Eric Vazquez-Ferrer
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Yuriko Hishida-Nozaki
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Ignacio Sancho-Martinez
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Yuta Takahashi
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Fumiyuki Hatanaka
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jun Wu
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Alejandro Ocampo
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Pradeep Reddy
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Min-Zu Wu
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Universidad Catolica, San Antonio de Murcia, Campus de los Jeronimos 135, Guadalupe, 30107, Spain
| | - Laurie Gerken
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Dulbecco Center for Cancer Research, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Reuben J Shaw
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Dulbecco Center for Cancer Research, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Dulbecco Center for Cancer Research, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Concepcion Rodriguez Esteban
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Christopher Benner
- Integrative Genomics Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Hiroshi Nakagawa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Pedro Guillen Garcia
- Department of Traumatology and Research Unit, Clinica CEMTRO, Av. Ventisquero de la Condesa, 42, Madrid, 28035, Spain
| | - Estrella Nuñez Delicado
- Universidad Catolica, San Antonio de Murcia, Campus de los Jeronimos 135, Guadalupe, 30107, Spain
| | - Antoni Castells
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBEREHD, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Josep M Campistol
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBEREHD, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Insitute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorder, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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Bernard S, Myers M, Fang WB, Zinda B, Smart C, Lambert D, Zou A, Fan F, Cheng N. CXCL1 Derived from Mammary Fibroblasts Promotes Progression of Mammary Lesions to Invasive Carcinoma through CXCR2 Dependent Mechanisms. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2018; 23:249-267. [PMID: 30094610 PMCID: PMC6582941 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-018-9407-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With improved screening methods, the numbers of abnormal breast lesions diagnosed in women have been increasing over time. However, it remains unclear whether these breast lesions will develop into invasive cancers. To more effectively predict the outcome of breast lesions and determine a more appropriate course of treatment, it is important to understand the underlying mechanisms that regulate progression of non-invasive lesions to invasive breast cancers. A hallmark of invasive breast cancers is the accumulation of fibroblasts. Fibroblast proliferation and activation in the mammary gland is in part regulated by the Transforming Growth Factor beta1 pathway (TGF-β). In animal models, TGF-β suppression of CCL2 and CXCL1 chemokine expression is associated with metastatic progression of mammary carcinomas. Here, we show that transgenic overexpression of the Polyoma middle T viral antigen in the mouse mammary gland of C57BL/6 mice results in slow growing non-invasive lesions that progress to invasive carcinomas in a stage dependent manner. Invasive carcinomas are associated with accumulation of fibroblasts that show decreased TGF-β expression and high levels of CXCL1, but not CCL2. Using co-transplant models, we show that decreased TGF-β signaling in fibroblasts contribute to mammary carcinoma progression through enhancement of CXCL1/CXCR2 dependent mechanisms. Using cell culture models, we show that CXCL1 mediated mammary carcinoma cell invasion through NF-κB, AKT, Stat3 and p42/44MAPK dependent mechanisms. These studies provide novel mechanistic insight into the progression of pre-invasive lesions and identify new stromal biomarkers, with important prognostic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shira Bernard
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Megan Myers
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Wei Bin Fang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Brandon Zinda
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Curtis Smart
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Diana Lambert
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - An Zou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Fang Fan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Nikki Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
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Zhou C, Chen J, Tang X, Feng X, Yu M, Sha W, Wang X, Zhang X, Yi H, Zhang X. DNA methylation and gene expression of the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 in patients with deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2018; 268:82-86. [PMID: 30015110 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study detected the differences in gene expression and DNA methylation of CpG sites in CXCL1 gene and further investigated their associations with clinical symptoms in deficit schizophrenia (DS) and non-deficit schizophrenia (NDS). Pyrosequencing and RT-qPCR were separately used to determine DNA methylation and mRNA expression of CXCL1 gene. Both DNA methylation and expression were significantly different among DS, NDS and healthy control (HC) groups. Correlation analysis revealed that CXCL1 gene expression was associated with the negative syndrome in NDS patients, while no association in DS patients was observed. All together, these results suggest that DS may be a specific subgroup of schizophrenia with the characteristic abnormality of peripheral CXCL1 DNA methylation and gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhou
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Jiu Chen
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China; Institute of Brain Functional Imaging, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Xiaowei Tang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated WuTaiShan Hospital of Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225003, China
| | - Xiaotang Feng
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanjing Qing Long Mountain Psychiatric Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Weiwei Sha
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated WuTaiShan Hospital of Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225003, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Medical Psychological Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin (M) Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiaobin Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated WuTaiShan Hospital of Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225003, China
| | - Hongwei Yi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Xiangrong Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
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Yang F, Wei Y, Liao B, Wei G, Qin H, Pang X, Wang J. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide prevents cisplatin-induced MLTC-1 cell apoptosis and autophagy via regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:3211-3219. [PMID: 30288025 PMCID: PMC6163019 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s176316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) has been reported to contribute to the recovery of male hypogonadism and infertility. Aim The aim of current study was to investigate the underlying mechanisms of LBP on male infertility recovery. Methods Recently, it is reported that cell apoptosis mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) was distinguished from that mediated by death reporters and mitochondria pathway, which could induce cell apoptosis independently. The possible signaling mechanisms were investigated using diversified molecular biology techniques, such as flow cytometry, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. Results In this study, we found that LBP protected Leydig MLTC-1 cells against cisplatin (DDP) by regulating ERS-mediated signal pathway, which was evidenced by downregulation of phosphorylation PERK, phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation-initiation factor 2α and activating transcription factor 4. Meanwhile, LBP decreased DDP-induced MLTC-1 cell apoptosis via reducing ERS apoptosis-relative proteins caspase 3, caspase 7, and caspase 12. In addition, the result of monodansylcadaverine staining indicated that LBP significantly inhibited DDP-induced autophagosome formation in MLTC-1 cells. Moreover, immunofluorescences and Western blot assays demonstrated that LBP reversed DDP-induced LC3II and Atg5 upregulation in MLTC-1 cells. Finally, the data of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that LBP markedly recovered MLTC-1 cells testosterone level even in the presence of DDP. Conclusion Thus, we suggest that LBP protected MLTC-1 cells against DDP via regulation of ERS-mediated apoptosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglian Yang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China
| | - Yuxia Wei
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China,
| | - Biyun Liao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China,
| | - Guijiang Wei
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China,
| | - Haimei Qin
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China,
| | - Xiaoxia Pang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China,
| | - Junli Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China,
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Wang B, Li D, Rodriguez-Juarez R, Farfus A, Storozynsky Q, Malach M, Carpenter E, Filkowski J, Lykkesfeldt AE, Kovalchuk O. A suppressive role of guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 inhibited by DNA methylation in the growth of anti-estrogen resistant breast cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:817. [PMID: 30103729 PMCID: PMC6090602 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4711-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. Although the endocrine therapy that targets estrogen receptor α (ERα) signaling has been well established as an effective adjuvant treatment for patients with ERα-positive breast cancers, long-term exposure may eventually lead to the development of acquired resistance to the anti-estrogen drugs, such as fulvestrant and tamoxifen. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying antiestrogen resistance and identification of the key molecules involved may help in overcoming antiestrogen resistance in breast cancer. METHODS The whole-genome gene expression and DNA methylation profilings were performed using fulvestrant-resistant cell line 182R-6 and tamoxifen-resistant cell line TAMR-1 as a model system. In addition, qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to determine the levels of mRNA and protein molecules. MTT, apoptosis and cell cycle analyses were performed to examine the effect of either guanine nucleotide-binding protein beta-4 (GNB4) overexpression or knockdown on cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle. RESULTS Among 9 candidate genes, GNB4 was identified and validated by qRT-PCR as a potential target silenced by DNA methylation via DNA methyltransferase 3B (DNMT3B). We generated stable 182R-6 and TAMR-1 cell lines that are constantly expressing GNB4 and determined the effect of the ectopic GNB4 on cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis of the antiestrogen-resistant cells in response to either fulvestrant or tamoxifen. Ectopic expression of GNB4 in two antiestrogen resistant cell lines significantly promoted cell growth and shortened cell cycle in the presence of either fulvestrant or tamoxifen. The ectopic GNB4 induced apoptosis in 182R-6 cells, whereas it inhibited apoptosis in TAMR-1 cells. Many regulators controlling cell cycle and apoptosis were aberrantly expressed in two resistant cell lines in response to the enforced GNB4 expression, which may contribute to GNB4-mediated biologic and/or pathologic processes. Furthermore, knockdown of GNB4 decreased growth of both antiestrogen resistant and sensitive breast cancer cells. CONCLUSION GNB4 is important for growth of breast cancer cells and a potential target for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongping Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, People’s Republic of China
| | | | - Allison Farfus
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB Canada
| | - Quinn Storozynsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB Canada
| | - Megan Malach
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB Canada
| | - Emily Carpenter
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB Canada
| | - Jody Filkowski
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB Canada
| | - Anne E. Lykkesfeldt
- Breast Cancer Group, Cell Death and Metabolism, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Olga Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB Canada
- Hepler Hall, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4 Canada
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Epithelial-mesenchymal transition induced by GRO-α-CXCR2 promotes bladder cancer recurrence after intravesical chemotherapy. Oncotarget 2018; 8:45274-45285. [PMID: 28423359 PMCID: PMC5542185 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-muscle invasive bladder cancers (NMIBC) are typically treated by transurethral resection with intravesical chemotherapy. However, the post-therapeutic incidence of tumor recurrence and progression to muscle invasive disease is high, and the underlying mechanism(s) remains unknown. In this study, we observed that recurrent bladder cancer cells exhibit a mesenchymal phenotype, which is initiated by the autocrine GRO-α signaling. Mechanically, the chemotherapeutic drug epidoxorubicin induces GRO-α expression in primary bladder cancer cells at G1/S phase via p38-dependent activation of NF-κB. GRO-α phosphorylation of Snail on Ser246 supports Snail's accumulation in the nucleus, and thereby promotes transcription repression activity of Snail from E-cadherin promoters. In accordance, disrupting the GRO-α-Snail axis in NMIBC represents a promising alternative to prevent post-therapeutic tumor progression and recurrence.
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Masuda S, Tanaka M, Inoue T, Ohue-Kitano R, Yamakage H, Muranaka K, Kusakabe T, Shimatsu A, Hasegawa K, Satoh-Asahara N. Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 is a myokine induced by palmitate and is required for myogenesis in mouse satellite cells. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 222. [PMID: 28960786 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM The functional significance of the myokines, cytokines and peptides produced and released by muscle cells has not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to identify a myokine with increased secretion levels in muscle cells due to saturated fatty acids and to examine the role of the identified myokine in the regulation of myogenesis. METHODS Human primary myotubes and mouse C2C12 myotubes were used to identify the myokine; its secretion was stimulated by palmitate loading. The role of the identified myokine in the regulation of the activation, proliferation, differentiation and self-renewal was examined in mouse satellite cells (skeletal muscle stem cells). RESULTS Palmitate loading promoted the secretion of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) in human primary myotubes, and it also increased CXCL1 gene expression level in C2C12 myotubes in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Palmitate loading increased the production of reactive oxygen species along with the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signalling. Pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB signalling attenuated the increase in CXCL1 gene expression induced by palmitate and hydrogen peroxide. Palmitate loading significantly increased CXC receptor 2 gene expression in undifferentiated cells. CXCL1 knockdown attenuated proliferation and myotube formation by satellite cells, with reduced self-renewal. CXCL1 knockdown also significantly decreased the Notch intracellular domain protein level. CONCLUSION These results suggest that secretion of the myokine CXCL1 is stimulated by saturated fatty acids and that CXCL1 promotes myogenesis from satellite cells to maintain skeletal muscle homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Masuda
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research; Clinical Research Institute; National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center; Kyoto Japan
| | - M. Tanaka
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research; Clinical Research Institute; National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center; Kyoto Japan
| | - T. Inoue
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research; Clinical Research Institute; National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center; Kyoto Japan
| | - R. Ohue-Kitano
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research; Clinical Research Institute; National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center; Kyoto Japan
| | - H. Yamakage
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research; Clinical Research Institute; National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center; Kyoto Japan
| | - K. Muranaka
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research; Clinical Research Institute; National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center; Kyoto Japan
| | - T. Kusakabe
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research; Clinical Research Institute; National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center; Kyoto Japan
| | - A. Shimatsu
- Clinical Research Institute; National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center; Kyoto Japan
| | - K. Hasegawa
- Department of Translational Research; Clinical Research Institute; National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center; Kyoto Japan
| | - N. Satoh-Asahara
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research; Clinical Research Institute; National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center; Kyoto Japan
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Zheng Y, Zhao G, Xu B, Liu C, Li C, Zhang X, Chang X. PADI4 has genetic susceptibility to gastric carcinoma and upregulates CXCR2, KRT14 and TNF-α expression levels. Oncotarget 2018; 7:62159-62176. [PMID: 27556695 PMCID: PMC5308718 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PADI4 (peptidyl deiminase isoform 4) is overexpressed in many tumor tissues and converts arginine residues to citrulline residues. This study used an Illumina SNP microarray and a TaqMan assay to determine the possible association of the PADI4 gene with various tumor risks. Both genotyping methods demonstrated significant associations between the tag SNPs rs1635566 and rs882537 in the PADI4 locus with gastric carcinoma in two independent cohorts. Based on this genotyping result, we used the Cancer Pathway Finder, p53 Signaling, Signal Transduction and Tumor Metastasis PCR arrays to investigate the tumorigenic pathway of PADI4 in MNK-45 cells derived from gastric carcinoma. We detected significantly decreased expression levels of CXCR2, KRT14 and TNF-α in MNK-45 cells that were treated with anti-PADI4 siRNA. We also detected increased expression of these three genes in MNK-45 cells transfected with a pcDNA3.1 plasmid overexpressing PADI4. A highly similar result was also obtained for SGC 7901 cells, which also originate from gastric carcinoma. Our result indicates that the PADI4 gene has genetic susceptibility in gastric carcinoma. PADI4 contributes to gastric tumorigenesis by upregulating CXCR2, KRT14 and TNF-α expression, which are well known to activate angiogenesis, cell proliferation, cell migration and the immune microenvironment in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabing Zheng
- Medical Research Center of Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Emergency Surgery Department of Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Bing Xu
- Medical Research Center of Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Medical Research Center of Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Chang Li
- Pathological Department of Tengzhou People's Central Hospital, Tengzhou, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory of PKUCare Luzhong Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotian Chang
- Medical Research Center of Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
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Virus-stimulated neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment enhance T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity. Oncotarget 2018; 7:42195-42207. [PMID: 27259252 PMCID: PMC5173127 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) fosters tumors by attenuating anti-tumor immunity, reinforcing tumor cell survival and increasing angiogenesis. Among the constituents of the TME, here, we focused on tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs). First, we found that the combination of poly I:C and inactivated Sendai virus particles (hemagglutinating virus of Japan envelope; HVJ-E) synergistically suppressed tumor growth in the B16-F10 melanoma mouse model. In this model, poly I:C contributed to the recruitment of CD11b+Ly6G+ neutrophils to the TME, and co-injection of poly I:C and HVJ-E increased CD11b+Ly6G+FAS+ TAN in the TME. Depletion of neutrophils abolished the synergistic anti-tumor effect of HVJ-E and poly I:C in B16-F10 tumors. We revealed that C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2) is produced in the TME by poly I:C, but HVJ-E enhanced neutrophil infiltration of the TME does not occur. An anti-CXCL2 antibody inhibited the tumor suppression by HVJ-E+poly I:C. HVJ-E in combination with recombinant CXCL2 protein or CXCL2 pDNA suppressed mouse melanoma by increasing cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity against B16-F10 melanoma, which was abolished by an anti-Ly6G antibody. HVJ-E directly and indirectly increased FAS and ICAM-1 expression in cultured bone marrow-derived naïve neutrophils. Thus, HVJ-E activates anti-tumor immunity via anti-tumorigenic neutrophils in the TME. An HVJ-E vector containing the CXCL2 gene may be applicable as a novel cancer gene therapy strategy.
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Systematic review and meta-analysis of the prognostic value of CXCR2 in solid tumor patients. Oncotarget 2017; 8:109740-109751. [PMID: 29312644 PMCID: PMC5752557 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
CXC chemokine receptor-2 (CXCR2) expression is associated with the prognosis of multiple cancers. We performed a meta-analysis to determine the association between the CXCR2 expression in tumor tissue and patient prognosis. We compiled related literature from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science (last updated July 31, 2017). A total of 4012 patients with solid tumors from 21 studies were included to evaluate the association between CXCR2 and overall survival, recurrence-free survival, or disease-free survival. High CXCR2 expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival (pooled HR = 1.82; 95% CI = 1.63-2.03; P < 0.001), recurrence-free survival (pooled HR = 1.40; 95% CI = 1.21-1.62; P < 0.001), and disease-free survival (pooled HR = 1.89; 95% CI = 1.05-3.40; P = 0.033), especially in patients with digestive system neoplasms. Thus high CXCR2 expression in tumor tissue appears predictive of a poor prognosis in patients with solid tumors. Further studies will be required to determine whether CXCR2 blockade has a favorable effect on the prognosis of patients with cancer.
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40
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Tang M, Xu X, Chen J, Huang J, Jiang B, Han L. The prognostic implications of growth-related gene product β in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:3337-3342. [PMID: 28927085 PMCID: PMC5587977 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth-related gene product β (GROβ) is an angiogenic chemokine that belongs to the CXC chemokine family, and a number of studies have suggested that GROβ is associated with tumor development and progression. However, a number of studies have investigated the association between GROβ expression and the clinical attributes of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). In the present study, one-step quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry analysis were used to detect GROβ expression and evaluate the association between its expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of LSCC. The results demonstrated that the GROβ mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly increased in LSCC compared with the corresponding non-cancerous tissues. GROβ protein expression in LSCC was associated with tumor-node-metastasis stage, lymph node metastasis and histopathological grade. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox multi-factor analysis indicated that high GROβ expression, lymph node metastasis and histopathological grade were significantly associated with poor survival of patients with LSCC. These data indicated that GROβ may be a novel prognostic biomarker of LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Tang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Nantong University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
| | - Xinjiang Xu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Nantong University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
| | - Juanjuan Chen
- Department of Medicine, Nantong University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
| | - Jiangfei Huang
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Nantong University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Nantong University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226361, P.R. China
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Zhang H, Yue J, Jiang Z, Zhou R, Xie R, Xu Y, Wu S. CAF-secreted CXCL1 conferred radioresistance by regulating DNA damage response in a ROS-dependent manner in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2790. [PMID: 28518141 PMCID: PMC5520705 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Five-year survival rate of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients treated with radiotherapy is <20%. Our study aimed to investigate whether cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), one major component of tumor microenvironment, were involved in tumor radioresistance in ESCC. By use of human chemokine/cytokine array, human chemokine CXCL1 was found to be highly expressed in CAFs compared with that in matched normal fibroblasts. Inhibition of CXCL1 expression in CAFs significantly reversed CAF-conferred radioresistance in vitro and in vivo. CAF-secreted CXCL1 inhibited the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzyme superoxide dismutase 1, leading to increased ROS accumulation following radiation, by which DNA damage repair was enhanced and the radioresistance was mediated. CAF-secreted CXCL1 mediated the radioresistance also by activation of Mek/Erk pathway. The cross talk of CAFs and ESCC cells induced CXCL1 expression in an autocrine/paracrine signaling loop, which further enhanced tumor radioresistance. Together, our study highlighted CAF-secreted CXCL1 as an attractive target to reverse tumor radioresistance and can be used as an independent prognostic factor of ESCC patients treated with chemoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfang Zhang
- Hangzhou Cancer Institution, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310002, China
| | - Jing Yue
- Hangzhou Cancer Institution, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310002, China
| | - Zhenzhen Jiang
- Hangzhou Cancer Institution, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310002, China
| | - Rongjing Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310002, China
| | - Ruifei Xie
- Department of Bio-informatics, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310002, China
| | - Yiping Xu
- Department of Pathology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310002, China
| | - Shixiu Wu
- Hangzhou Cancer Institution, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310002, China
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Takemori C, Kunisada M, Yogianti F, Oka S, Sakumi K, Ono R, Nakabeppu Y, Nishigori C. Co-regulation of Cxcl1 and versican in the inflammatory response to UVB induced reactive oxygen species in skin photo-tumorigenesis. J Dermatol Sci 2017; 85:140-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ghosh K, Capell BC. The Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype: Critical Effector in Skin Cancer and Aging. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:2133-2139. [PMID: 27543988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence, a state of stable cell cycle arrest in response to cellular stress, is an indispensable mechanism to counter tumorigenesis by halting the proliferation of damaged cells. However, through the secretion of an array of diverse cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and proteases known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), senescent cells can paradoxically promote carcinogenesis. Consistent with this, removal of senescent cells delays the onset of cancer and prolongs lifespan in vivo, potentially in part through SASP reduction. In this review, we consider the evidence for the SASP and "SASP-like" inflammation in driving skin carcinogenesis, emphasizing how further understanding of both the roles and mechanisms of SASP expression may offer new targets for skin cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanad Ghosh
- Epigenetics Program, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brian C Capell
- Epigenetics Program, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Abstract
The human body combats infection and promotes wound healing through the remarkable process of inflammation. Inflammation is characterized by the recruitment of stromal cell activity including recruitment of immune cells and induction of angiogenesis. These cellular processes are regulated by a class of soluble molecules called cytokines. Based on function, cell target, and structure, cytokines are subdivided into several classes including: interleukins, chemokines, and lymphokines. While cytokines regulate normal physiological processes, chronic deregulation of cytokine expression and activity contributes to cancer in many ways. Gene polymorphisms of all types of cytokines are associated with risk of disease development. Deregulation RNA and protein expression of interleukins, chemokines, and lymphokines have been detected in many solid tumors and hematopoetic malignancies, correlating with poor patient prognosis. The current body of literature suggests that in some tumor types, interleukins and chemokines work against the human body by signaling to cancer cells and remodeling the local microenvironment to support the growth, survival, and invasion of primary tumors and enhance metastatic colonization. Some lymphokines are downregulated to suppress tumor progression by enhancing cytotoxic T cell activity and inhibiting tumor cell survival. In this review, we will describe the structure/function of several cytokine families and review our current understanding on the roles and mechanisms of cytokines in tumor progression. In addition, we will also discuss strategies for exploiting the expression and activity of cytokines in therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yao
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - G Brummer
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - D Acevedo
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - N Cheng
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States.
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Wang DH, Lee HS, Yoon D, Berry G, Wheeler TM, Sugarbaker DJ, Kheradmand F, Engleman E, Burt BM. Progression of EGFR-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma is Driven By Alveolar Macrophages. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:778-788. [PMID: 27496865 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-2597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lung adenocarcinomas with mutations in the EGFR have unprecedented initial responses to targeted therapy against the EGFR. Over time, however, these tumors invariably develop resistance to these drugs. We set out to investigate alternative treatment approaches for these tumors. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To investigate the immunologic underpinnings of EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma, we utilized a bitransgenic mouse model in which a mutant human EGFR gene is selectively expressed in the lungs. RESULTS EGFR oncogene-dependent progression and remission of lung adenocarcinoma was respectively dependent upon the expansion and contraction of alveolar macrophages, and the mechanism underlying macrophage expansion was local proliferation. In tumor-bearing mice, alveolar macrophages downregulated surface expression of MHC-II and costimulatory molecules; increased production of CXCL1, CXCL2, IL1 receptor antagonist; and increased phagocytosis. Depletion of alveolar macrophages in tumor-bearing mice resulted in reduction of tumor burden, indicating a critical role for these cells in the development of EGFR-mutant adenocarcinoma. Treatment of mice with EGFR-targeting clinical drugs (erlotinib and cetuximab) resulted in a significant decrease in alveolar macrophages in these mice. An activated alveolar macrophage mRNA signature was dominant in human EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinomas, and the presence of this alveolar macrophage activation signature was associated with unfavorable survival among patients undergoing resection for EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS Because of the inevitability of failure of targeted therapy in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), these data suggest that therapeutic strategies targeting alveolar macrophages in EGFR-mutant NSCLC have the potential to mitigate progression and survival in this disease. Clin Cancer Res; 23(3); 778-88. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don-Hong Wang
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | | | - David Yoon
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Gerald Berry
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | | | | | | | - Edgar Engleman
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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Lian S, Zhai X, Wang X, Zhu H, Zhang S, Wang W, Wang Z, Huang J. Elevated expression of growth-regulated oncogene-alpha in tumor and stromal cells predicts unfavorable prognosis in pancreatic cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4328. [PMID: 27472713 PMCID: PMC5265850 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth-regulated oncogene-alpha (GRO-α) has been reported to be over-expressed in a series of human cancers including colorectal cancer, melanoma, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and ovarian cancer and was known to regulate multiple biologic activities associated with tumor progression. But the role in human pancreatic cancer remains unclear. To examine the expression of GRO-α and its clinical significance in pancreatic cancer (PC), a total of 12 fresh PC specimens and 12 surrounding normal tissues to detect GRO-α mRNA expression were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Immunohistochemical analysis of GRO-α protein was performed in 160 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded PC tissue samples and 68 control specimens, including 37 matched normal surgical margins and 31 benign pancreatic lesions. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate the prognosis of PC patients.Expression of GRO-α mRNA in PC tissues was significantly compared with that in adjacent normal tissues (1.399 ± 0.165 vs. 0.870 ± 0.103 t = 1.75, P = 0.012), GRO-α protein expression in cytoplasm of cancer cells and stroma was detected in 41.88% and 40.63% PC specimens, respectively, and was significantly higher than that in corresponding normal tissues (P = 0.008, P = 0.002, respectively). High GRO-α expression in the cytoplasm of cancer cells was related to tumor location (P = 0.047), tumor status (T classification; P = 0.001), distant metastasis (P < 0.001), and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage (P < 0.001). High GRO-α expression in the stroma correlated with perineural invasion (P = 0.010), T classification (P = 0.006) and TNM stage (P = 0.004), and was marginally associated with metastasis (P = 0.056). Elevated expression of GRO-α in cytoplasm of cancer cells (hazard ratio [HR] = 5.730, P = 0.007) and stroma (HR = 3.120, P = 0.022) were independent prognostic factors of pancreatic cancer. T classification (HR = 2.130, P = 0.023), lymphatic metastasis (HR = 4.211, P = 0.009) and TNM classification (HR = 0.481, P = 0.031) were also prognostic predictors in PC patients.GRO-α expression was elevated in pancreatic cancer tissues and might be a potential therapeutic target and prognostic marker in patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
- Correspondence: Zhiwei Wang, Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China (e-mail: ); Jianfei Huang, Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China (e-mail: )
| | - Jianfei Huang
- Department of Pathology
- Correspondence: Zhiwei Wang, Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China (e-mail: ); Jianfei Huang, Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China (e-mail: )
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Capell BC, Drake AM, Zhu J, Shah PP, Dou Z, Dorsey J, Simola DF, Donahue G, Sammons M, Rai TS, Natale C, Ridky TW, Adams PD, Berger SL. MLL1 is essential for the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Genes Dev 2016; 30:321-36. [PMID: 26833731 PMCID: PMC4743061 DOI: 10.1101/gad.271882.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Capell et al. show that MLL1 inhibition represses expression of critical proproliferative cell cycle regulators required for DNA replication and DNA damage response activation, thus disabling senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) expression. These inhibitory effects of MLL1 on SASP gene expression do not impair oncogene-induced senescence and abolish the ability of the SASP to enhance cancer cell proliferation. Oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) and therapy-induced senescence (TIS), while tumor-suppressive, also promote procarcinogenic effects by activating the DNA damage response (DDR), which in turn induces inflammation. This inflammatory response prominently includes an array of cytokines known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Previous observations link the transcription-associated methyltransferase and oncoprotein MLL1 to the DDR, leading us to investigate the role of MLL1 in SASP expression. Our findings reveal direct MLL1 epigenetic control over proproliferative cell cycle genes: MLL1 inhibition represses expression of proproliferative cell cycle regulators required for DNA replication and DDR activation, thus disabling SASP expression. Strikingly, however, these effects of MLL1 inhibition on SASP gene expression do not impair OIS and, furthermore, abolish the ability of the SASP to enhance cancer cell proliferation. More broadly, MLL1 inhibition also reduces “SASP-like” inflammatory gene expression from cancer cells in vitro and in vivo independently of senescence. Taken together, these data demonstrate that MLL1 inhibition may be a powerful and effective strategy for inducing cancerous growth arrest through the direct epigenetic regulation of proliferation-promoting genes and the avoidance of deleterious OIS- or TIS-related tumor secretomes, which can promote both drug resistance and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Capell
- Epigenetics Program, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Adam M Drake
- Epigenetics Program, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Jiajun Zhu
- Epigenetics Program, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Parisha P Shah
- Epigenetics Program, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Zhixun Dou
- Epigenetics Program, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Jean Dorsey
- Epigenetics Program, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Daniel F Simola
- Epigenetics Program, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Greg Donahue
- Epigenetics Program, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Morgan Sammons
- Epigenetics Program, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Taranjit Singh Rai
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Beatson Laboratories, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G611BD, United Kingdom; Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Health Research, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA12BE, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Natale
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Todd W Ridky
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Peter D Adams
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Beatson Laboratories, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G611BD, United Kingdom
| | - Shelley L Berger
- Epigenetics Program, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Wagner M, Vicinus B, Muthra ST, Richards TA, Linder R, Frick VO, Groh A, Rubie C, Weichert F. Text mining, a race against time? An attempt to quantify possible variations in text corpora of medical publications throughout the years. Comput Biol Med 2016; 73:173-85. [PMID: 27208610 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The continuous growth of medical sciences literature indicates the need for automated text analysis. Scientific writing which is neither unitary, transcending social situation nor defined by a timeless idea is subject to constant change as it develops in response to evolving knowledge, aims at different goals, and embodies different assumptions about nature and communication. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether publication dates should be considered when performing text mining. METHODS A search of PUBMED for combined references to chemokine identifiers and particular cancer related terms was conducted to detect changes over the past 36 years. Text analyses were performed using freeware available from the World Wide Web. TOEFL Scores of territories hosting institutional affiliations as well as various readability indices were investigated. Further assessment was conducted using Principal Component Analysis. Laboratory examination was performed to evaluate the quality of attempts to extract content from the examined linguistic features. RESULTS The PUBMED search yielded a total of 14,420 abstracts (3,190,219 words). The range of findings in laboratory experimentation were coherent with the variability of the results described in the analyzed body of literature. Increased concurrence of chemokine identifiers together with cancer related terms was found at the abstract and sentence level, whereas complexity of sentences remained fairly stable. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present study indicate that concurrent references to chemokines and cancer increased over time whereas text complexity remained stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Wagner
- Department of Pathology, University of Saarland, Homburg Saar Campus, Homburg Saar, Germany
| | - Benjamin Vicinus
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University of Saarland, Homburg Saar Campus, Homburg Saar, Germany; Institute of Virology, University of Saarland, Homburg Saar Campus, Homburg Saar, Germany
| | - Sherieda T Muthra
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 37th & O St NW, Washington, DC 20057, United States of America.
| | - Tereza A Richards
- The Medical Library, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Roland Linder
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Vilma Oliveira Frick
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University of Saarland, Homburg Saar Campus, Homburg Saar, Germany
| | - Andreas Groh
- Department of Mathematics, University of Saarland, Saarbrücken Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Claudia Rubie
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University of Saarland, Homburg Saar Campus, Homburg Saar, Germany
| | - Frank Weichert
- Department of Computer Science VII, Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
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Lu Y, Li S, Ma L, Li Y, Zhang X, Peng Q, Mo C, Huang L, Qin X, Liu Y. Type conversion of secretomes in a 3D TAM2 and HCC cell co-culture system and functional importance of CXCL2 in HCC. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24558. [PMID: 27117207 PMCID: PMC4846822 DOI: 10.1038/srep24558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play important roles in the tumor microenvironment, driving cancer progression and metastasis, particularly in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, few studies have assessed the exact secretome composition in HCC. In the present study, the impact of different phenotype of macrophages on HCC cells was investigated. Alternatively activated macrophages (M2) were found to significantly increase the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of SMMC7721 cells (all P < 0.05). M2 were then co-cultured with SMMC7721 cells to reconstruct the tumor microenvironment. Conditioned medium from 3D single cultures of M2, SMMC7721 cells, and their co-culture system were analyzed using quantitative proteomics via iTRAQ labeling combined with mass spectrometric analysis. Secretome analysis revealed a total of 159 differential secreted proteins in the co-culture system compared to the single culture systems, with 63 being up-regulated (>1.3-fold) and 96 down-regulated (<0.7-fold). CXCL2 was confirmed to have higher expression in the co-culture system and HCC tissues, and was selected for further investigation. Functional effects data suggested that recombinant human CXCL2 significantly enhanced the migration, invasion ability of SMMC7721 cells, and weakened adhesion ability. While CXCL2 neutralization and CXCR2 blockage significantly inhibited the effects of CXCL2 on SMMC7721 cells, indicating that CXCL2 may play pivotal role in HCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Liping Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yan Li
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaolian Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiliu Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Cuiju Mo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xue Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yinkun Liu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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50
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Wu D, Hong H, Huang X, Huang L, He Z, Fang Q, Luo Y. CXCR2 is decreased in preeclamptic placentas and promotes human trophoblast invasion through the Akt signaling pathway. Placenta 2016; 43:17-25. [PMID: 27324095 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION CXCR2, the receptor of the CXC chemokines, plays a critical role in cell migration and invasion in many types of cancer. It is unclear what impact CXCR2 may have on Preeclampsia (PE), a pregnancy-specific disease, which is related to insufficient trophoblast invasion. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression pattern of CXCR2 in the placentas of healthy and PE pregnancies, and to investigate the molecular mechanism of CXCR2 involvement in the development of PE. METHODS CXCR2 expression levels in newly delivered placentas from 38 pregnant women with PE and 21 healthy pregnant women were detected using quantitative real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot assays. The effect of CXCR2 on trophoblast invasion and the underlying mechanisms were examined in two trophoblast cell lines (HTR-8/SVneo and TEV-1 cells). RESULTS CXCR2 mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly decreased in preeclamptic placentas than normal control. The invasive abilities of the two trophoblast cell lines were significantly inhibited when CXCR2 was silenced, but that CXCR2 overexpression promoted trophoblast cells invasion. In addition, silencing CXCR2 reduced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 (MMP2 and MMP9) and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt). Furthermore, an Akt inhibitor suppressed the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. DISCUSSION Our results suggest that the decreased CXCR2 may contribute to the development of preeclampsia through impairing trophoblast invasion by down-regulating MMP-2 and MMP-9 via the Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongcai Wu
- Fetal Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honghai Hong
- Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Huang
- Fetal Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linhuan Huang
- Fetal Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiming He
- Fetal Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qun Fang
- Fetal Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yanmin Luo
- Fetal Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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