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Marafi F, Esmail AA, Alfeeli MA, Sadeq A. 68 Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT in Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer to the Brain. Clin Nucl Med 2024; 49:971-972. [PMID: 39190399 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000005406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT In the era of molecular imaging and eager to study tumor tissues' microenvironment with noninvasive means, the search and development of new radiotracer targeted molecule continue. αvβ6-Integrin is a heterodimeric glycoprotein transmembrane receptor that is unique in that it is expressed exclusively in epithelial cells. It is upregulated in varieties of carcinomas such of the lung, breast, and colon. It plays a role in facilitating invasion, inhibiting apoptosis, regulating expression of matrix metalloproteases, and activating TGF-β in carcinoma. Expression of αvβ6 indicates poor prognosis and can help in development of targeted therapy. 68 Ga-Trivehexin has affinity of 85%-88% of this integrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Marafi
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Jaber Al Ahmed Center of Molecular Imaging
| | | | - Mahmoud A Alfeeli
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Jaber Al Ahmed Center of Molecular Imaging
| | - Alyaa Sadeq
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Jaber Al Ahmed Center of Molecular Imaging
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Liu L, Soler J, Reckamp KL, Sankar K. Emerging Targets in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10046. [PMID: 39337530 PMCID: PMC11432526 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251810046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is responsible for a high burden of disease globally. Over the last two decades, the discovery of targetable oncogenic genomic alterations has revolutionized the treatment landscape for early-stage and advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). New molecular drivers continue to emerge as promising therapeutic targets, including KRAS non-G12C, RAF/MEK, HER3, Nectin-4, folate receptor alpha, ITGB6, and PRMT5. In this review, we summarize the emerging molecular targets with a potential clinical impact in advanced NSCLC, elaborating on their clinical characteristics and specific mechanisms and molecular pathways for which targeted treatments are currently available. Additionally, we present an aggregate of ongoing clinical trials investigating the available treatment options targeting such alterations, in addition to their current recruitment status and preliminary efficacy data. These advancements may guide further research endeavors and inform future treatment strategies to improve the management of and transform outcomes for patients with advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Liu
- Samuel-Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Joshua Soler
- Riverside School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Karen L Reckamp
- Samuel-Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Kamya Sankar
- Samuel-Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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Stangl S, Nguyen NT, Brosch-Lenz J, Šimeček J, Weber WA, Kossatz S, Notni J. Efficiency of succinylated gelatin and amino acid infusions for kidney uptake reduction of radiolabeled αvβ6-integrin targeting peptides: considerations on clinical safety profiles. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024; 51:3191-3201. [PMID: 38717591 PMCID: PMC11369040 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-024-06738-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE 68Ga-Trivehexin is an investigational PET radiopharmaceutical (NCT05799274) targeting αvβ6-integrin for PET imaging of carcinomas. 177Lu-D0301 is a structurally related therapeutic peptide tetramer. However, it showed considerable kidney uptake in rodents, impeding clinical applicability. We therefore evaluated the impact of different kidney protection strategies on the biodistribution of both agents in normal and tumor-bearing mice. METHODS Ex-vivo biodistribution of 68Ga-Trivehexin (90 min p.i.) and 177Lu-D0301 (90 min and 24 h p.i.) was determined in healthy C57BL/6N and H2009 (human lung adenocarcinoma) xenografted CB17-SCID mice without and with co-infusion of 100 µL of solutions containing 2.5% arginine + 2.5% lysine (Arg/Lys), 4% succinylated gelatin (gelofusine, gelo), or combinations thereof. Arg/Lys was injected either i.p. 30 min before and after the radiopharmaceutical, or i.v. 2 min before the radiopharmaceutical. Gelo was administered either i.v. 2 min prior activity, or pre-mixed and injected together with the radiopharmaceutical (n = 5 per group). C57BL/6N mice were furthermore imaged by PET (90 min p.i.) and SPECT (24 h p.i.). RESULTS Kidney uptake of 68Ga-Trivehexin in C57BL/6N mice was reduced by 15% (Arg/Lys i.p.), 25% (Arg/Lys i.v.), and 70% (gelo i.v.), 90 min p.i., relative to control. 177Lu-D0301 kidney uptake was reduced by 2% (Arg/Lys i.p.), 41% (Arg/Lys i.v.), 61% (gelo i.v.) and 66% (gelo + Arg/Lys i.v.) 24 h p.i., compared to control. Combination of Arg/Lys and gelo provided no substantial benefit. Gelo furthermore reduced kidney uptake of 177Lu-D0301 by 76% (90 min p.i.) and 85% (24 h p.i.) in H2009 bearing SCID mice. Since tumor uptake was not (90 min p.i.) or only slightly reduced (15%, 24 h p.i.), the tumor/kidney ratio was improved by factors of 3.3 (90 min p.i.) and 2.6 (24 h p.i.). Reduction of kidney uptake was demonstrated by SPECT, which also showed that the remaining activity was located in the cortex. CONCLUSIONS The kidney uptake of both investigated radiopharmaceuticals was more efficiently reduced by gelofusine (61-85%) than Arg/Lys (25-41%). Gelofusine appears particularly suitable for reducing renal uptake of αvβ6-integrin targeted 177Lu-labeled peptide multimers because its application led to approximately three times higher tumor-to-kidney ratios. Since the incidence of severe adverse events (anaphylaxis) with succinylated gelatin products (reportedly 0.0062-0.038%) is comparable to that of gadolinium-based MRI or iodinated CT contrast agents (0.008% and 0.04%, respectively), clinical use of gelofusine during radioligand therapy appears feasible if similar risk management strategies as for contrast agents are applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Stangl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nghia Trong Nguyen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Brosch-Lenz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang A Weber
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Kossatz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Johannes Notni
- TRIMT GmbH, Radeberg, Germany.
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.
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Lopez-Cerda M, Lorenzo-Sanz L, da Silva-Diz V, Llop S, Penin RM, Bermejo JO, de Goeij-de Haas R, Piersma SR, Pham TV, Jimenez CR, Martin-Liberal J, Muñoz P. IGF1R signaling induces epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity via ITGAV in cutaneous carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:211. [PMID: 39075581 PMCID: PMC11285232 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03119-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCCs) generally show epithelial differentiation features and good prognosis, whereas advanced cSCCs present mesenchymal traits associated with tumor relapse, metastasis, and poor survival. Currently, the mechanisms involved in cSCC progression are unclear, and the established markers are suboptimal for accurately predicting the clinical course of the disease. METHODS Using a mouse model of cSCC progression, expression microarray analysis, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry assays, we have identified a prognostic biomarker of tumor relapse, which has been evaluated in a cohort of cSCC patient samples. Phosphoproteomic analysis have revealed signaling pathways induced in epithelial plastic cancer cells that promote epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) and tumor progression. These pathways have been validated by genetic and pharmacological inhibition assays. RESULTS We show that the emergence of epithelial cancer cells expressing integrin αV (ITGAV) promotes cSCC progression to a mesenchymal state. Consistently, ITGAV expression allows the identification of patients at risk of cSCC relapse above the currently employed clinical histopathological parameters. We also demonstrate that activation of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) pathway in epithelial cancer cells is necessary to induce EMP and mesenchymal state acquisition in response to tumor microenvironment-derived factors, while promoting ITGAV expression. Likewise, ITGAV knockdown in epithelial plastic cancer cells also blocks EMP acquisition, generating epithelial tumors. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that ITGAV is a prognostic biomarker of relapse in cSCCs that would allow improved patient stratification. ITGAV also collaborates with IGF1R to induce EMP in epithelial cancer cells and promotes cSCC progression, revealing a potential therapeutic strategy to block the generation of advanced mesenchymal cSCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Lopez-Cerda
- Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Laura Lorenzo-Sanz
- Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victoria da Silva-Diz
- Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, 08901, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Sandra Llop
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO) L'Hospitalet, 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa M Penin
- Pathology Service, Bellvitge University Hospital/IDIBELL, 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Oriol Bermejo
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital/IDIBELL, 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Richard de Goeij-de Haas
- OncoProteomics Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sander R Piersma
- OncoProteomics Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thang V Pham
- OncoProteomics Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Connie R Jimenez
- OncoProteomics Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Juan Martin-Liberal
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO) L'Hospitalet, 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Purificación Muñoz
- Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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Kuyumcu S, Denizmen D, Has-Simsek D, Poyanli A, Uzum AK, Buyukkaya F, Isik EG, Onder S, Aksakal N, Ozkan ZG, Sanli Y. 68Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT: a promising novel tracer for primary hyperparathyroidism. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024:10.1007/s00259-024-06846-z. [PMID: 39028425 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-024-06846-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to assess 68Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT for detecting hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue in comparison to [99mTc]Tc-MIBI scintigraphy-SPECT/CT (MIBI scan) in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). METHODS The cohort comprised 13 patients diagnosed with PHPT based on biochemical analyses, including serum calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. Each participant underwent cervical ultrasonography, MIBI scan, and 68Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT imaging. Complementary 4D-CT and [18F]fluorocholine PET/CT were conducted in 7 patients. Ten lesions of 7 patients underwent PTH wash-out (WO) procedure. 68Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT findings were compared with other modalities and PTH-WO results. RESULTS Ten patients had sporadic PHPT, while 3 were diagnosed with MEN-1 syndrome-associated PHPT. One patient did not have any identifiable parathyroid lesion across the imaging modalities. On a patient-based analysis, MIBI scan and 68Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT identified parathyroid lesions in 10 and 11 patients, respectively. However, 68Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT detected 7 additional parathyroid lesions that were negative on the MIBI scan. Consequently, 17 lesions were identified and confirmed as hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue through imaging, PTH-WO, or a combination of both modalities. In lesion-based evaluation, 68Ga-Trivehexin identified 16 lesions compared to 10 by MIBI scan, resulting in a detection rate of 94.1% and 58.8%, respectively. Notably, in three patients who underwent [18F]fluorocholine PET/CT, no lesions were detected; yet 68Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT successfully identified parathyroid lesions in two of these patients. CONCLUSION Our study provides the first evidence that 68Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT can effectively identify hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue with a high detection rate warranting further investigations to comprehensively explore its potential in PHPT management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Kuyumcu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Dilara Denizmen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Duygu Has-Simsek
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arzu Poyanli
- Department of Radiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Kubat Uzum
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fikret Buyukkaya
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emine Goknur Isik
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Semen Onder
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nihat Aksakal
- Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Gozde Ozkan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Sanli
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Lin Z, Assaraf YG, Kwok HF. Peptides for microbe-induced cancers: latest therapeutic strategies and their advanced technologies. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024:10.1007/s10555-024-10197-4. [PMID: 39008152 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10197-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a significant global health concern associated with multiple distinct factors, including microbial and viral infections. Numerous studies have elucidated the role of microorganisms, such as Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), as well as viruses for example human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV), in the development of human malignancies. Substantial attention has been focused on the treatment of these microorganism- and virus-associated cancers, with promising outcomes observed in studies employing peptide-based therapies. The current paper provides an overview of microbe- and virus-induced cancers and their underlying molecular mechanisms. We discuss an assortment of peptide-based therapies which are currently being developed, including tumor-targeting peptides and microbial/viral peptide-based vaccines. We describe the major technological advancements that have been made in the design, screening, and delivery of peptides as anticancer agents. The primary focus of the current review is to provide insight into the latest research and development in this field and to provide a realistic glimpse into the future of peptide-based therapies for microbe- and virus-induced neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Lin
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Yehuda G Assaraf
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Lab, Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Instituteof Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR.
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR.
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Quigley NG, Zierke MA, Ludwig BS, Richter F, Nguyen NT, Reissig F, Šimeček J, Kossatz S, Notni J. The importance of tyrosines in multimers of cyclic RGD nonapeptides: towards αvβ6-integrin targeted radiotherapeutics. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:2018-2029. [PMID: 38911160 PMCID: PMC11187563 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00073k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In a recent paper in this journal (RSC Med. Chem., 2023, 14, 2429), we described an unusually strong impact of regiospecific exchange of phenylalanines by tyrosines in 10 gallium-68-labeled trimers of certain cyclic RGD peptides, c[XRGDLAXp(NMe)K] (X = F or Y), on non-specific organ uptakes. We found that there was, in part, no correlation of liver uptake with established polarity proxies, such as the octanol-water distribution coefficient (log D). Since this observation could not be explained straightforwardly, we suggested that the symmetry of the compounds had resulted in a synergistic interaction of certain components of the macromolecules. In the present work, we investigated whether a comparable effect also occurred for a series of 5 tetramers labeled with lutetium-177. We found that in contrast to the trimers, liver uptake of the tetramers was well correlated to their polarity, indicating that the unusual observations along the trimer series indeed was a unique feature, probably related to their particular symmetry. Since the Lu-177 labeled tetramers are also potential agents for treatment of a variety of αvβ6-integrin expressing cancers, these were evaluated in mice bearing human lung adenocarcinoma xenografts. Due to their tumor-specific uptake and retention in biodistribution and SPECT imaging experiments, these compounds are considered a step forward on the way to αvβ6-integrin-targeted anticancer agents. Furthermore, we noticed that the presence of tyrosines in general had a positive impact on the in vivo performance of our peptide multimers. In view of the fact that a corresponding rule was already proposed in the context of protein engineering, we argue in favor of considering peptide multimers as a special class of small or medium-sized proteins. In summary, we contend that the performance of peptide multimers is less determined by the in vitro characteristics (particularly, affinity and selectivity) of monomers, but rather by the peptides' suitability for the overall macromolecular design concept, and peptides containing tyrosines are preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Gerard Quigley
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München Munich Germany
| | | | - Beatrice Stefanie Ludwig
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Klinikum Rechts der Isar and Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München Munich Germany
| | - Frauke Richter
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München Munich Germany
| | - Nghia Trong Nguyen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Klinikum Rechts der Isar and Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München Munich Germany
| | - Falco Reissig
- TRIMT GmbH Carl-Eschebach-Str. 7 D-01454 Radeberg Germany
| | - Jakub Šimeček
- TRIMT GmbH Carl-Eschebach-Str. 7 D-01454 Radeberg Germany
| | - Susanne Kossatz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Klinikum Rechts der Isar and Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München Munich Germany
| | - Johannes Notni
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München Munich Germany
- TRIMT GmbH Carl-Eschebach-Str. 7 D-01454 Radeberg Germany
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Suwanchiwasiri K, Phanthaphol N, Somboonpatarakun C, Yuti P, Sujjitjoon J, Luangwattananun P, Maher J, Yenchitsomanus PT, Junking M. Bispecific T cell engager-armed T cells targeting integrin ανβ6 exhibit enhanced T cell redirection and antitumor activity in cholangiocarcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116718. [PMID: 38744221 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Advanced cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) presents a clinical challenge due to limited treatment options, necessitating exploration of innovative therapeutic approaches. Bispecific T cell engager (BTE)-armed T cell therapy shows promise in hematological and solid malignancies, offering potential advantages in safety over continuous BTE infusion. In this context, we developed a novel BTE, targeting CD3 on T cells and integrin αvβ6, an antigen elevated in various epithelial malignancies, on cancer cells. The novel BTE was generated by fusing an integrin αvβ6-binding peptide (A20) to an anti-CD3 (OKT3) single-chain variable fragment (scFv) through a G4S peptide linker (A20/αCD3 BTE). T cells were then armed with A20/αCD3 BTE (A20/αCD3-armed T cells) and assessed for antitumor activity. Our results highlight the specific binding of A20/αCD3 BTE to CD3 on T cells and integrin αvβ6 on target cells, effectively redirecting T cells towards these targets. After co-culture, A20/αCD3-armed T cells exhibited significantly heightened cytotoxicity against integrin αvβ6-expressing target cells compared to unarmed T cells in both KKU-213A cells and A375.β6 cells. Moreover, in a five-day co-culture, A20/αCD3-armed T cells demonstrated superior cytotoxicity against KKU-213A spheroids compared to unarmed T cells. Importantly, A20/αCD3-armed T cells exhibited an increased proportion of the effector memory T cell (Tem) subset, upregulation of T cell activation markers, enhanced T cell proliferation, and increased cytolytic molecule/cytokine production, when compared to unarmed T cells in an integrin αvβ6-dependent manner. These findings support the potential of A20/αCD3-armed T cells as a novel therapeutic approach for integrin αvβ6-expressing cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwanpirom Suwanchiwasiri
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nattaporn Phanthaphol
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; School of Cardiovascular and Medical Health, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
| | - Chalermchai Somboonpatarakun
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pornpimon Yuti
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jatuporn Sujjitjoon
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Piriya Luangwattananun
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - John Maher
- King's College London, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, CAR Mechanics Lab, Guy's Cancer Centre, Great Maze Pond, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pa-Thai Yenchitsomanus
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mutita Junking
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Wang Q, Fu L, Zhong Y, Xu L, Yi L, He C, Kuang Y, Huang Q, Yang M. Research progress of organic fluorescent probes for lung cancer related biomarker detection and bioimaging application. Talanta 2024; 272:125766. [PMID: 38340392 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
As one of the major public health problems, cancers seriously threaten the human health. Among them, lung cancer is considered to be one of the most life-threatening malignancies. Therefore, developing early diagnosis technology and timely treatment for lung cancer is urgent. Recent research has witnessed that measuring changes of biomarkers expressed in lung cancer has practical significance. Meanwhile, we note that bioimaging with organic fluorescent probes plays an important role for its high sensitivity, real-time analysis and simplicity of operation. In the past years, kinds of organic fluorescent probes targeting lung cancer related biomarker have been developed. Herein, we summarize the research progress of organic fluorescent probes for the detection of lung cancer related biomarkers in this review, along with their design principle, luminescence mechanism and bioimaging application. Additionally, we put forward some challenges and future prospects from our perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Li Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yingfang Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Lijing Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Lin Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Chen He
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Ying Kuang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Qitong Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
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10
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Yuan Y, Fan T, Wang J, Yuan Y, Tao X. Near-infrared imaging of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma using indocyanine green that targets the αvβ6 peptide. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2024; 29:046002. [PMID: 38633382 PMCID: PMC11021736 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.29.4.046002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Significance Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has a particularly poor prognosis. Improving the surgical resection boundary, reducing local recurrence, and ultimately ameliorating the overall survival rate are the treatment goals. Aim To obtain a complete surgical resection (R0 resection), we investigated the use of a fluorescent imaging probe that targets the integrin subtype α v β 6 , which is upregulated in many kinds of epithelial cancer, using animal models. Approach α v β 6 expression was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunoprotein blotting of human tissues for malignancy. Protein expression localization was observed. α v β 6 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were quantified by PCR and immunoprotein blotting, and the biosafety of targeting the α v β 6 probe material was examined using Cell Counting Kit-8 assays. Indocyanine green (ICG) was used as a control to determine the localization of the probe at the cellular level. In vivo animal experiments were conducted through tail vein injections to evaluate the probe's imaging effect and to confirm its targeting in tissue sections. Results α v β 6 expression was higher than EGFR expression in HNSCC, and the probe showed good targeting in in vivo and in vitro experiments with a good safety profile. Conclusions The ICG-α v β 6 peptide probe is an exceptional and sensitive imaging tool for HNSCC that can distinguish among tumor, normal, and inflammatory tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan
- Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Tengfei Fan
- Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, College of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Changsha, China
| | - Jingbo Wang
- Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tao
- Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Shanghai, China
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11
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Lyon RP, Jonas M, Frantz C, Trueblood ES, Yumul R, Westendorf L, Hale CJ, Stilwell JL, Yeddula N, Snead KM, Kumar V, Patilea-Vrana GI, Klussman K, Ryan MC. SGN-B6A: A New Vedotin Antibody-Drug Conjugate Directed to Integrin Beta-6 for Multiple Carcinoma Indications. Mol Cancer Ther 2023; 22:1444-1453. [PMID: 37619980 PMCID: PMC10690100 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-22-0817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Integrin beta-6, a component of the heterodimeric adhesion receptor alpha-v/beta-6, is overexpressed in numerous solid tumors. Its expression has been shown by multiple investigators to be a negative prognostic indicator in diverse cancers including colorectal, non-small cell lung, gastric, and cervical. We developed SGN-B6A as an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) directed to integrin beta-6 to deliver the clinically validated payload monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) to cancer cells. The antibody component of SGN-B6A is specific for integrin beta-6 and does not bind other alpha-v family members. In preclinical studies, this ADC has demonstrated activity in vivo in models derived from non-small cell lung, pancreatic, pharyngeal, and bladder carcinomas spanning a range of antigen expression levels. In nonclinical toxicology studies in cynomolgus monkeys, doses of up to 5 mg/kg weekly for four doses or 6 mg/kg every 3 weeks for two doses were tolerated. Hematologic toxicities typical of MMAE ADCs were dose limiting, and no significant target-mediated toxicity was observed. A phase I first-in-human study is in progress to evaluate the safety and antitumor activity of SGN-B6A in a variety of solid tumors known to express integrin beta-6 (NCT04389632).
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12
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Roy A, Shi L, Chang A, Dong X, Fernandez A, Kraft JC, Li J, Le VQ, Winegar RV, Cherf GM, Slocum D, Poulson PD, Casper GE, Vallecillo-Zúniga ML, Valdoz JC, Miranda MC, Bai H, Kipnis Y, Olshefsky A, Priya T, Carter L, Ravichandran R, Chow CM, Johnson MR, Cheng S, Smith M, Overed-Sayer C, Finch DK, Lowe D, Bera AK, Matute-Bello G, Birkland TP, DiMaio F, Raghu G, Cochran JR, Stewart LJ, Campbell MG, Van Ry PM, Springer T, Baker D. De novo design of highly selective miniprotein inhibitors of integrins αvβ6 and αvβ8. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5660. [PMID: 37704610 PMCID: PMC10500007 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41272-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp)-binding integrins αvβ6 and αvβ8 are clinically validated cancer and fibrosis targets of considerable therapeutic importance. Compounds that can discriminate between homologous αvβ6 and αvβ8 and other RGD integrins, stabilize specific conformational states, and have high thermal stability could have considerable therapeutic utility. Existing small molecule and antibody inhibitors do not have all these properties, and hence new approaches are needed. Here we describe a generalized method for computationally designing RGD-containing miniproteins selective for a single RGD integrin heterodimer and conformational state. We design hyperstable, selective αvβ6 and αvβ8 inhibitors that bind with picomolar affinity. CryoEM structures of the designed inhibitor-integrin complexes are very close to the computational design models, and show that the inhibitors stabilize specific conformational states of the αvβ6 and the αvβ8 integrins. In a lung fibrosis mouse model, the αvβ6 inhibitor potently reduced fibrotic burden and improved overall lung mechanics, demonstrating the therapeutic potential of de novo designed integrin binding proteins with high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindya Roy
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Encodia Inc, 5785 Oberlin Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Ashley Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Xianchi Dong
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, and Departments of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Protein and Peptide Medicine, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Andres Fernandez
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - John C Kraft
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, and Departments of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Viet Q Le
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, and Departments of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca Viazzo Winegar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Gerald Maxwell Cherf
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Denali Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dean Slocum
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, and Departments of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P Daniel Poulson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Garrett E Casper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | | | - Jonard Corpuz Valdoz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Marcos C Miranda
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Medicine Solna, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hua Bai
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Yakov Kipnis
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Audrey Olshefsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Tanu Priya
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Lauren Carter
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Rashmi Ravichandran
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Cameron M Chow
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Max R Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Suna Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - McKaela Smith
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Catherine Overed-Sayer
- Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Donna K Finch
- Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- Alchemab Therapeutics Ltd, Cambridge, UK
| | - David Lowe
- Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- Evox Therapeutics Limited, Oxford Science Park, Medawar Centre, East Building, Robert Robinson Avenue, Oxford, OX4 4HG, England
| | - Asim K Bera
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Gustavo Matute-Bello
- Center for Lung Biology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Timothy P Birkland
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Frank DiMaio
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Ganesh Raghu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Dept of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer R Cochran
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Lance J Stewart
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Melody G Campbell
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
| | - Pam M Van Ry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
| | - Timothy Springer
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, and Departments of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - David Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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13
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Roy A, Shi L, Chang A, Dong X, Fernandez A, Kraft JC, Li J, Le VQ, Winegar RV, Cherf GM, Slocum D, Daniel Poulson P, Casper GE, Vallecillo-Zúniga ML, Valdoz JC, Miranda MC, Bai H, Kipnis Y, Olshefsky A, Priya T, Carter L, Ravichandran R, Chow CM, Johnson MR, Cheng S, Smith M, Overed-Sayer C, Finch DK, Lowe D, Bera AK, Matute-Bello G, Birkland TP, DiMaio F, Raghu G, Cochran JR, Stewart LJ, Campbell MG, Van Ry PM, Springer T, Baker D. De novo design of highly selective miniprotein inhibitors of integrins αvβ6 and αvβ8. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.12.544624. [PMID: 37398153 PMCID: PMC10312613 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.12.544624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp)-binding integrins αvβ6 and αvβ8 are clinically validated cancer and fibrosis targets of considerable therapeutic importance. Compounds that can discriminate between the two closely related integrin proteins and other RGD integrins, stabilize specific conformational states, and have sufficient stability enabling tissue restricted administration could have considerable therapeutic utility. Existing small molecules and antibody inhibitors do not have all of these properties, and hence there is a need for new approaches. Here we describe a method for computationally designing hyperstable RGD-containing miniproteins that are highly selective for a single RGD integrin heterodimer and conformational state, and use this strategy to design inhibitors of αvβ6 and αvβ8 with high selectivity. The αvβ6 and αvβ8 inhibitors have picomolar affinities for their targets, and >1000-fold selectivity over other RGD integrins. CryoEM structures are within 0.6-0.7Å root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) to the computational design models; the designed αvβ6 inhibitor and native ligand stabilize the open conformation in contrast to the therapeutic anti-αvβ6 antibody BG00011 that stabilizes the bent-closed conformation and caused on-target toxicity in patients with lung fibrosis, and the αvβ8 inhibitor maintains the constitutively fixed extended-closed αvβ8 conformation. In a mouse model of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis, the αvβ6 inhibitor potently reduced fibrotic burden and improved overall lung mechanics when delivered via oropharyngeal administration mimicking inhalation, demonstrating the therapeutic potential of de novo designed integrin binding proteins with high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindya Roy
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Current Address: Encodia Inc, 5785 Oberlin Drive, San Diego, CA 92121
| | - Ashley Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Xianchi Dong
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Children’s Hospital Boston, and Departments of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
- Current address: State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Engineering Research Center of Protein and Peptide Medicine,Ministry of Education
| | - Andres Fernandez
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - John C. Kraft
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Children’s Hospital Boston, and Departments of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Viet Q. Le
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Children’s Hospital Boston, and Departments of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Rebecca Viazzo Winegar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Gerald Maxwell Cherf
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305
- Current Address: Denali Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dean Slocum
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - P. Daniel Poulson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Garrett E. Casper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | | | - Jonard Corpuz Valdoz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Marcos C. Miranda
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Current Address: Department of Medicine Solna, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hua Bai
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Yakov Kipnis
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Audrey Olshefsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Tanu Priya
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Current Address: Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Lauren Carter
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Rashmi Ravichandran
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Cameron M. Chow
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Max R. Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Suna Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - McKaela Smith
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Catherine Overed-Sayer
- Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Current Address: Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Donna K. Finch
- Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Current Address: Alchemab Therapeutics Ltd, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David Lowe
- Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Current Address: Evox Therapeutics Limited, Oxford Science Park, Medawar Centre, East Building, Robert Robinson Avenue, Oxford, OX4 4HG
| | - Asim K. Bera
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Gustavo Matute-Bello
- Center for Lung Biology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington
| | - Timothy P Birkland
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Frank DiMaio
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Ganesh Raghu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Lance J. Stewart
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Melody G. Campbell
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Pam M. Van Ry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Timothy Springer
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Children’s Hospital Boston, and Departments of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - David Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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14
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Liu F, Wu Q, Dong Z, Liu K. Integrins in cancer: Emerging mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Pharmacol Ther 2023:108458. [PMID: 37245545 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Integrins are vital surface adhesion receptors that mediate the interactions between the extracellular matrix (ECM) and cells and are essential for cell migration and the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Aberrant integrin activation promotes initial tumor formation, growth, and metastasis. Recently, many lines of evidence have indicated that integrins are highly expressed in numerous cancer types and have documented many functions of integrins in tumorigenesis. Thus, integrins have emerged as attractive targets for the development of cancer therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms by which integrins contribute to most of the hallmarks of cancer. We focus on recent progress on integrin regulators, binding proteins, and downstream effectors. We highlight the role of integrins in the regulation of tumor metastasis, immune evasion, metabolic reprogramming, and other hallmarks of cancer. In addition, integrin-targeted immunotherapy and other integrin inhibitors that have been used in preclinical and clinical studies are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Liu
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China; Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Zigang Dong
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China; Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China; Tianjian Advanced Biomedical Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
| | - Kangdong Liu
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China; Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China; Tianjian Advanced Biomedical Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Cancer Chemoprevention International Collaboration Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China.
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15
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Fan D, Zhang C, Luo Q, Li B, Ai L, Li D, Jia W. In vivo evaluation of integrin αvβ6-targeting peptide in NSCLC and brain metastasis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1070967. [PMID: 36968997 PMCID: PMC10036820 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1070967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionIntegrin αvβ6, which is upregulated in malignancies and remains absent or weak in normal tissue, is a promising target in molecular imaging therapeutics. In vivo imaging of integrin αvβ6 could therefore be valuable for early tumor detection and intraoperative guidance.MethodsIn this study, integrin αvβ6-targeting probe G2-SFLAP3 was labeled with near-infrared (NIR) dye Cy5.5 or radioisotope 68Ga. The resulting probes were evaluated in integrin αvβ6-positive A549 and αvβ6-negative H1703 xenograft mice models.ResultsThe cellar uptake of G2-SFLAP3-Cy5.5 was consistent with the expression of integrin αvβ6. Both subcutaneous and brain metastatic A549 tumors could be clearly visualized by NIR fluorescent imaging of G2-SFLAP3-Cy5.5. A549 tumors demonstrated the highest G2-SFLAP3-Cy5.5 accumulation at 4h post-injection (p.i.) and remain detectable at 84h p.i. The fluorescent signal of G2-SFLAP3-Cy5.5 was significantly reduced in H1703 and A549-blocking groups. Consistently, small-animal PET imaging showed tumor-specific accumulation of 68Ga-DOTA-G2-SFLAP3.DiscussionG2-SFLAP3 represents a promising agent for noninvasive imaging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and brain metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Fan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengkai Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Luo
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Baowang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Ai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Ai, ; Deling Li, ; Wang Jia,
| | - Deling Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Ai, ; Deling Li, ; Wang Jia,
| | - Wang Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Ai, ; Deling Li, ; Wang Jia,
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16
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Chen CY, Wu PY, Van Scoyk M, Simko SA, Chou CF, Winn RA. KCNF1 promotes lung cancer by modulating ITGB4 expression. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:414-423. [PMID: 36385523 PMCID: PMC10014577 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00560-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Despite recent advances, the five-year survival rate for lung cancer compared to other cancers still remains fairly low. The discovery of molecular targets for lung cancer is key to the development of new approaches and therapies. Electrically silent voltage-gated potassium channel (KvS) subfamilies, which are unable to form functional homotetramers, are implicated in cell-cycle progression, cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. Here, we analyzed the expression of KvS subfamilies in human lung tumors and identified that potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily F member 1 (KCNF1) was up-regulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Silencing of KCNF1 in NSCLC cell lines reduced cell proliferation and tumor progression in mouse xenografts, re-established the integrity of the basement membrane, and enhanced cisplatin sensitivity. KCNF1 was predominately localized in the nucleoplasm and likely mediated its functions in an ion-independent manner. We identified integrin β4 subunit (ITGB4) as a downstream target for KCNF1. Our findings suggest that KCNF1 promotes lung cancer by enhancing ITGB4 signaling and implicate KCNF1 as a novel therapeutic target for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yi Chen
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Pei-Ying Wu
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Michelle Van Scoyk
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Stephanie A Simko
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Chu-Fang Chou
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Robert A Winn
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
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17
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Nintedanib-αVβ6 Integrin Ligand Conjugates Reduce TGF β-Induced EMT in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021475. [PMID: 36674990 PMCID: PMC9861180 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth factors and cytokines released in the lung cancer microenvironment promote an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that sustains the progression of neoplastic diseases. TGFβ is one of the most powerful inducers of this transition, as it induces overexpression of the fibronectin receptor, αvβ6 integrin, in cancer cells which, in turn, is strongly associated with EMT. Thus, αvβ6 integrin receptors may be exploited as a target for the selective delivery of anti-tumor agents. We introduce three novel synthesized conjugates, in which a selective αvβ6 receptor ligand is linked to nintedanib, a potent kinase inhibitor used to treat advanced adenocarcinoma lung cancer in clinics. The αvβ6 integrin ligand directs nintedanib activity to the target cells of the tumor microenvironment, avoiding the onset of negative side effects in normal cells. We found that the three conjugates inhibit the adhesion of cancer cells to fibronectin in a concentration-dependent manner and that αvβ6-expressing cells internalized the conjugated compounds, thus permitting nintedanib to inhibit 2D and 3D cancer cell growth and suppress the clonogenic ability of the EMT phenotype as well as intervening in other aspects associated with the EMT transition. These results highlight αvβ6 receptors as privileged access points for dual-targeting molecular conjugates engaged in an efficient and precise strategy against non-small cell lung cancer.
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18
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Nakamoto R, Ferri V, Duan H, Hatami N, Goel M, Rosenberg J, Kimura R, Wardak M, Haywood T, Kellow R, Shen B, Park W, Iagaru A, Gambhir SS. Pilot-phase PET/CT study targeting integrin α vβ 6 in pancreatic cancer patients using the cystine-knot peptide-based 18F-FP-R 01-MG-F2. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022; 50:184-193. [PMID: 34729628 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-021-05595-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A novel cystine-knot peptide-based PET radiopharmaceutical, 18F-FP-R01-MG-F2 (knottin), was developed to selectively bind to human integrin αvβ6 which is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety, biodistribution, dosimetry, and lesion uptake of 18F-FP-R01-MG-F2 in patients with pancreatic cancer. METHODS Fifteen patients (6 men, 9 women) with histologically confirmed pancreatic cancer were prospectively enrolled and underwent knottin PET/CT between March 2017 and February 2021 (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02683824). Vital signs and laboratory results were collected before and after the imaging scans. Maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) and mean SUV (SUVmean) were measured in 24 normal tissues and pancreatic cancer lesions for each patient. From the biodistribution data, the organ doses and whole-body effective dose were calculated using OLINDA/EXM software. RESULTS There were no significant changes in vital signs or laboratory values that qualified as adverse events or serious adverse events. At 1 h post-injection, areas of high 18F-FP-R01-MG-F2 uptake included the pituitary gland, stomach, duodenum, kidneys, and bladder (average SUVmean: 9.7-14.5). Intermediate uptake was found in the normal pancreas (average SUVmean: 4.5). Mild uptake was found in the lungs and liver (average SUVmean < 1.0). The effective dose was calculated to be 2.538 × 10-2 mSv/MBq. Knottin PET/CT detected all known pancreatic tumors in the 15 patients, although it did not detect small peri-pancreatic lymph nodes of less than 1 cm in short diameter in two of three patients who had lymph node metastases at surgery. Knottin PET/CT detected distant metastases in the lungs (n = 5), liver (n = 4), and peritoneum (n = 2), confirmed by biopsy and/or contrast-enhanced CT. CONCLUSION 18F-FP-R01-MG-F2 is a safe PET radiopharmaceutical with an effective dose comparable to other diagnostic agents. Evaluation of the primary pancreatic cancer and distant metastases with 18F-FP-R01-MG-F2 PET is feasible, but larger studies are required to define the role of this approach. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02683824.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusuke Nakamoto
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, H2200, Stanford, CA, 94305-5281, USA
| | - Valentina Ferri
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, H2200, Stanford, CA, 94305-5281, USA
| | - Heying Duan
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, H2200, Stanford, CA, 94305-5281, USA
| | - Negin Hatami
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, H2200, Stanford, CA, 94305-5281, USA
| | - Mahima Goel
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, H2200, Stanford, CA, 94305-5281, USA
| | - Jarrett Rosenberg
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, H2200, Stanford, CA, 94305-5281, USA
| | - Richard Kimura
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305-5281, USA
| | - Mirwais Wardak
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305-5281, USA
| | - Tom Haywood
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305-5281, USA
| | - Rowaid Kellow
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305-5281, USA
| | - Bin Shen
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305-5281, USA
| | - Walter Park
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305-5281, USA
| | - Andrei Iagaru
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, H2200, Stanford, CA, 94305-5281, USA.
| | - Sanjiv Sam Gambhir
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, H2200, Stanford, CA, 94305-5281, USA
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305-5281, USA
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19
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Corti A, Anderluzzi G, Curnis F. Neuropilin-1 and Integrins as Receptors for Chromogranin A-Derived Peptides. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2555. [PMID: 36559048 PMCID: PMC9785887 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human chromogranin A (CgA), a 439 residue-long member of the "granin" secretory protein family, is the precursor of several peptides and polypeptides involved in the regulation of the innate immunity, cardiovascular system, metabolism, angiogenesis, tissue repair, and tumor growth. Despite the many biological activities observed in experimental and preclinical models for CgA and its most investigated fragments (vasostatin-I and catestatin), limited information is available on the receptor mechanisms underlying these effects. The interaction of vasostatin-1 with membrane phospholipids and the binding of catestatin to nicotinic and b2-adrenergic receptors have been proposed as important mechanisms for some of their effects on the cardiovascular and sympathoadrenal systems. Recent studies have shown that neuropilin-1 and certain integrins may also work as high-affinity receptors for CgA, vasostatin-1 and other fragments. In this case, we review the results of these studies and discuss the structural requirements for the interactions of CgA-related peptides with neuropilin-1 and integrins, their biological effects, their mechanisms, and the potential exploitation of compounds that target these ligand-receptor systems for cancer diagnosis and therapy. The results obtained so far suggest that integrins (particularly the integrin avb6) and neuropilin-1 are important receptors that mediate relevant pathophysiological functions of CgA and CgA fragments in angiogenesis, wound healing, and tumor growth, and that these interactions may represent important targets for cancer imaging and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Corti
- Faculty of Medicine, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Tumor Biology and Vascular Targeting Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Anderluzzi
- Tumor Biology and Vascular Targeting Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Flavio Curnis
- Tumor Biology and Vascular Targeting Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
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20
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Ezhilarasan D, Lakshmi T, Mallineni SK. Nano-based targeted drug delivery for lung cancer: therapeutic avenues and challenges. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:1855-1869. [PMID: 35311343 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Most anticancer drugs often fail in clinical trials due to poor solubility, poor bioavailability, lack of targeted delivery and several off-target effects. Polymeric nanoparticles such as poly(lactide), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), ALB-loading paclitaxel (Abraxane® ABI-007), lomustine-loaded chitosan, gelatin (decorated with EGF receptor-targeted biotinylated EGF) and so on offer controlled and sustained drug-release properties, biocompatibility and promising anticancer effects. EGF, folic acid, transferrin, sigma and urokinase plasminogen activator receptors-targeting nano preparations improve bioavailability and accumulate drugs on the lung tumor cell surface. However, route of administration, size, pharmacokinetic properties, immune clearance and so on hamper nanomedicines' clinical uses. This review focuses on the benefits, avenues and challenges of nanoparticle-based drug-delivery systems for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaraj Ezhilarasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Gold Lab, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India
| | - Thangavelu Lakshmi
- Department of Pharmacology, Gold Lab, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India
| | - Sreekanth Kumar Mallineni
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Almajmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Hung KY, Kowalczyk R, Desai A, Brimble MA, Marshall JF, Harris PWR. Synthesis and Systematic Study on the Effect of Different PEG Units on Stability of PEGylated, Integrin-αvβ6-Specific A20FMDV2 Analogues in Rat Serum and Human Plasma. Molecules 2022; 27:4331. [PMID: 35889207 PMCID: PMC9316855 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A20FMDV2 is a 20-mer peptide that exhibits high selectivity and affinity for the tumour-related αvβ6 integrin that can compete with extracellular ligands for the crucial RGD binding site, playing a role as a promising αvβ6-specific inhibitor for anti-cancer therapies. Unfortunately, the clinical value of A20FMDV2 is limited by its poor half-life in blood caused by rapid renal excretion and its reported high susceptibility to serum proteases. The incorporation of poly (ethylene glycol) chains, coined PEGylation, is a well-established approach to improve the pharmacokinetic properties of drug molecules. Here, we report a systematic study on the incorporation of a varying number of ethylene glycol units (1-20) into the A20FMDV2 peptide to establish the effects of PEGylation size on the peptide stability in both rat serum and human plasma. In addition, the effect of acetyl and propionyl PEGylation handles on peptide stability is also described. Selected peptide analogues were assessed for integrin-αvβ6-targeted binding, showing good specificity and activity in vitro. Stability studies in rat serum established that all of the PEGylated peptides displayed good stability, and an A20FMDV2 peptide containing twenty ethylene glycol units (PEG20) was the most stable. Surprisingly, the stability testing in human plasma identified shorter PEGs (PEG2 and PEG5) as more resistant to degradation than longer PEGs, a trend which was also observed with affinity binding to integrin αvβ6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-yuan Hung
- The School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds St, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (K.-y.H.); (M.A.B.)
| | - Renata Kowalczyk
- The School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds St, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (K.-y.H.); (M.A.B.)
| | - Ami Desai
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK;
| | - Margaret A. Brimble
- The School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds St, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (K.-y.H.); (M.A.B.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- The School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, 3A Symonds St, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - John F. Marshall
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK;
| | - Paul W. R. Harris
- The School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds St, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (K.-y.H.); (M.A.B.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- The School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, 3A Symonds St, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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22
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Nicolescu C, Vaidya A, Schilb A, Lu ZR. Regulating Oncogenic LncRNA DANCR with Targeted ECO/siRNA Nanoparticles for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Therapy. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:22743-22753. [PMID: 35811871 PMCID: PMC9260776 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) differentiation antagonizing noncoding RNA (DANCR) is a proven oncogenic lncRNA across multiple cancer types. Its effects on cancer cell migration and invasion position it as a potential target for therapy on multiple levels of gene regulation. DANCR is overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most common lung cancer subtype with poor patient survival. To effectively deliver small interfering RNA (siRNA) against DANCR for NSCLC therapy, we used arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-(1-aminoethyl)-iminobis[N-oleicylcysteinyl-1-aminoethyl)propionamide] (ECO)/small interfering RNA against DANCR (siDANCR) nanoparticles to transfect A549 and NCI-H1299 cells. Over 90% DANCR silencing was observed along with inhibition of cell migration, invasion, and spheroid formation relative to transfection with negative control siRNA in RGD-PEG-ECO nanoparticles. DANCR knockdown further showed efficacy in reducing migration and invasion of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-inhibitor resistant NSCLC along with resensitization to the inhibitor. RGD-PEG-ECO/siDANCR demonstrated silencing for up to 7 d following a single transfection. The results suggest nanoparticle-mediated RNA interference against DANCR as a potential approach for NSCLC treatment by regulating cell migration and invasion in addition to improving EGFR inhibitor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calin Nicolescu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Amita Vaidya
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Andrew Schilb
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Zheng-Rong Lu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Case
Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western
Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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23
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Davis RA, Hausner SH, Harris R, Sutcliffe JL. A Comparison of Evans Blue and 4-( p-Iodophenyl)butyryl Albumin Binding Moieties on an Integrin α vβ 6 Binding Peptide. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040745. [PMID: 35456579 PMCID: PMC9025560 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum albumin binding moieties (ABMs) such as the Evans blue (EB) dye fragment and the 4-(p-iodophenyl)butyryl (IP) have been used to improve the pharmacokinetic profile of many radiopharmaceuticals. The goal of this work was to directly compare these two ABMs when conjugated to an integrin αvβ6 binding peptide (αvβ6-BP); a peptide that is currently being used for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in patients with metastatic cancer. The ABM-modified αvβ6-BP peptides were synthesized with a 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetracetic acid (DOTA) chelator for radiolabeling with copper-64 to yield [64Cu]Cu DOTA-EB-αvβ6-BP ([64Cu]1) and [64Cu]Cu DOTA-IP-αvβ6-BP ([64Cu]2). Both peptides were evaluated in vitro for serum albumin binding, serum stability, and cell binding and internalization in the paired engineered melanoma cells DX3puroβ6 (αvβ6 +) and DX3puro (αvβ6 −), and pancreatic BxPC-3 (αvβ6 +) cells and in vivo in a BxPC-3 xenograft mouse model. Serum albumin binding for [64Cu]1 and [64Cu]2 was 53−63% and 42−44%, respectively, with good human serum stability (24 h: [64Cu]1 76%, [64Cu]2 90%). Selective αvβ6 cell binding was observed for both [64Cu]1 and [64Cu]2 (αvβ6 (+) cells: 30.3−55.8% and 48.5−60.2%, respectively, vs. αvβ6 (−) cells <3.1% for both). In vivo BxPC-3 tumor uptake for both peptides at 4 h was 5.29 ± 0.59 and 7.60 ± 0.43% ID/g ([64Cu]1 and [64Cu]2, respectively), and remained at 3.32 ± 0.46 and 4.91 ± 1.19% ID/g, respectively, at 72 h, representing a >3-fold improvement over the non-ABM parent peptide and thereby providing improved PET images. Comparing [64Cu]1 and [64Cu]2, the IP-ABM-αvβ6-BP [64Cu]2 displayed higher serum stability, higher tumor accumulation, and lower kidney and liver accumulation, resulting in better tumor-to-organ ratios for high contrast visualization of the αvβ6 (+) tumor by PET imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A. Davis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Sven H. Hausner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, Davis, CA 95817, USA; (S.H.H.); (R.H.)
| | - Rebecca Harris
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, Davis, CA 95817, USA; (S.H.H.); (R.H.)
| | - Julie L. Sutcliffe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, Davis, CA 95817, USA; (S.H.H.); (R.H.)
- Center for Molecular and Genomic Imaging, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-916-734-5536
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24
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Huynh TT, Sreekumar S, Mpoy C, Rogers BE. A comparison of 64Cu-labeled bi-terminally PEGylated A20FMDV2 peptides targeting integrin α νβ 6. Oncotarget 2022; 13:360-372. [PMID: 35186193 PMCID: PMC8849274 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of epithelial-specific integrin ανβ6 is up-regulated in various aggressive cancers and serves as a prognostic marker. Integrin-targeted PET imaging probes have been successfully developed and tested in the clinic. Radiotracers based on the peptide A20FMDV2 derived from foot-and-mouth disease virus represent specific and selective PET ligands for imaging ανβ6-positive cancers. The present study aims to describe the radiolabeling, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of a bi-terminally PEGylated A20FMDV2 conjugated with DOTA or PCTA for 64Cu radiolabeling. Stability studies showed radiolabeled complexes remained stable up to 24 h in PBS and human serum. In vitro cell assays in CaSki cervical cancer cells and BxPC-3 pancreatic cancer cells confirmed that the peptides displayed high affinity for αvβ6 with Kd values of ~50 nM. Biodistribution studies revealed that [64Cu] Cu-PCTA-(PEG28)2-A20FMDV2 exhibited higher tumor uptake (1.63 ± 0.53 %ID/g in CaSki and 3.86 ± 0.58 %ID/g in BxPC-3 at 1 h) when compared to [64Cu]Cu-DOTA-(PEG28)2-A20FMDV2 (0.95 ± 0.29 %ID/g in CaSki and 2.12 ± 0.83 %ID/g in BxPC-3 at 1 h) . However, higher tumor uptake was accompanied by increased radioactive uptake in normal organs. Therefore, both peptides are appropriate for imaging ανβ6-positive lesions although further optimization is needed to improve tumor-to-normal-tissue ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truc T Huynh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sreeja Sreekumar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Cedric Mpoy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Buck E Rogers
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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25
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Krishn SR, Garcia V, Naranjo NM, Quaglia F, Shields CD, Harris MA, Kossenkov AV, Liu Q, Corey E, Altieri DC, Languino LR. Small extracellular vesicle-mediated ITGB6 siRNA delivery downregulates the αVβ6 integrin and inhibits adhesion and migration of recipient prostate cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2022; 23:173-185. [PMID: 35188070 PMCID: PMC8865252 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2022.2030622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The αVβ6 integrin, an epithelial-specific cell surface receptor absent in normal prostate and expressed during prostate cancer (PrCa) progression, is a therapeutic target in many cancers. Here, we report that transcript levels of ITGB6 (encoding the β6 integrin subunit) are significantly increased in metastatic castrate-resistant androgen receptor-negative prostate tumors compared to androgen receptor-positive prostate tumors. In addition, the αVβ6 integrin protein levels are significantly elevated in androgen receptor-negative PrCa patient derived xenografts (PDXs) compared to androgen receptor-positive PDXs. In vitro, the androgen receptor-negative PrCa cells express high levels of the αVβ6 integrin compared to androgen receptor-positive PrCa cells. Additionally, expression of androgen receptor (wild type or variant 7) in androgen receptor-negative PrCa cells downregulates the expression of the β6 but not αV subunit compared to control cells. We demonstrate an efficient strategy to therapeutically target the αVβ6 integrin during PrCa progression by using short interfering RNA (siRNA) loaded into PrCa cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). We first demonstrate that fluorescently-labeled siRNAs can be efficiently loaded into PrCa cell-derived sEVs by electroporation. By confocal microscopy, we show efficient internalization of these siRNA-loaded sEVs into PrCa cells. We show that sEV-mediated delivery of ITGB6-targeting siRNAs into PC3 cells specifically downregulates expression of the β6 subunit. Furthermore, treatment with sEVs encapsulating ITGB6 siRNA significantly reduces cell adhesion and migration of PrCa cells on an αVβ6-specific substrate, LAP-TGFβ1. Our results demonstrate an approach for specific targeting of the αVβ6 integrin in PrCa cells using sEVs encapsulating ITGB6-specific siRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Ram Krishn
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Vaughn Garcia
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Nicole M. Naranjo
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Fabio Quaglia
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Christopher D. Shields
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Maisha A. Harris
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Andrew V. Kossenkov
- Center for Systems and Computational Biology, the Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Qin Liu
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, the Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Eva Corey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Dario C. Altieri
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, the Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, the Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Lucia R. Languino
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
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Busenhart P, Montalban-Arques A, Katkeviciute E, Morsy Y, Van Passen C, Hering L, Atrott K, Lang S, Garzon JFG, Naschberger E, Hartmann A, Rogler G, Stürzl M, Spalinger MR, Scharl M. Inhibition of integrin αvβ6 sparks T-cell antitumor response and enhances immune checkpoint blockade therapy in colorectal cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-003465. [PMID: 35131862 PMCID: PMC8823245 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Integrin αvβ6 is a heterodimeric cell surface protein whose cellular expression is determined by the availability of the integrin β6 subunit (ITGB6). It is expressed at very low levels in most organs during tissue homeostasis but shows highly upregulated expression during the process of tumorigenesis in many cancers of epithelial origin. Notably, enhanced expression of integrin αvβ6 is associated with aggressive disease and poor prognosis in numerous carcinoma entities. Integrin αvβ6 is one of the major physiological activators of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), which has been shown to inhibit the antitumor T-cell response and cause resistance to immunotherapy in mouse models of colorectal and mammary cancer. In this study, we investigated the effect of ITGB6 expression and antibody-mediated integrin αvβ6 inhibition on the tumor immune response in colorectal cancer. Methods Using orthotopic and heterotopic tumor cell injection, we assessed the effect of ITGB6 on tumor growth and tumor immune response in wild type mice, mice with defective TGF-β signaling, and mice treated with anti-integrin αvβ6 antibodies. To examine the effect of ITGB6 in human colorectal cancer, we analyzed RNAseq data from the colon adenocarcinoma dataset of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA-COAD). Results We demonstrate that expression of ITGB6 is an immune evasion strategy in colorectal cancer, causing inhibition of the antitumor immune response and resistance to immune checkpoint blockade therapy by activating latent TGF-β. Antibody-mediated inhibition of integrin αvβ6 sparked a potent cytotoxic T-cell response and overcame resistance to programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade therapy in ITGB6 expressing tumors, provoking a drastic increase in anti-PD-1 treatment efficacy. Further, we show that the majority of tumors in patients with colorectal cancer express sufficient ITGB6 to provoke inhibition of the cytotoxic T-cell response, indicating that most patients could benefit from integrin αvβ6 blockade therapy. Conclusions These findings propose inhibition of integrin αvβ6 as a promising new therapy for colorectal cancer, which blocks tumor-promoting TGF-β activation, prevents tumor exclusion of cytotoxic T-cells and enhances the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Busenhart
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ana Montalban-Arques
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Egle Katkeviciute
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yasser Morsy
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Van Passen
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Larissa Hering
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kirstin Atrott
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Lang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Elisabeth Naschberger
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Rogler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Stürzl
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marianne Rebecca Spalinger
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Scharl
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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PET imaging of pancreatic cancer. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822960-6.00207-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Structural Biology of the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1350:91-100. [PMID: 34888845 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-83282-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancers can be described as "rogue organs" (Balkwill FR, Capasso M, Hagemann T, J Cell Sci 125:5591-5596, 2012) because they are composed of multiple cell types and tissues. The transformed cells can recruit and alter healthy cells from surrounding tissues for their own benefit. It is these interactions that create the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME describes the cells, factors, and extracellular matrix proteins that make up the tumor and the area around it; the biology of the TME influences tumor progression. Changes in the TME can lead to the growth and development of the tumor, the death of the tumor, or tumor metastasis. Metastasis is the process by which cancer spreads from its initial site to a different part of the body. Metastasis occurs when cancer cells enter the circulatory system or lymphatic system after they break away from a tumor. Once the cells leave, they can travel to a different part of the body and form new tumors. Therefore, understanding the TME is critical to fully understand cancer and find a way to successfully combat it. Knowledge of the TME can better inform researchers of the ability of potential therapies to reach tumor cells. It can also give researchers potential targets to kill the tumor. Instead of directly killing the cancer cells, therapies can target an aspect of the TME which could then halt tumor development or lead to tumor death. In other cases, targeting another aspect of the TME could make it easier for another therapy to kill the cancer cells, for example, using nanoparticles with collagenases to target the collagen in the surrounding environment to expose the cancer cells to drugs (Zinger A, et al, ACS Nano 13(10):11008-11021, 2019).The TME can be split simply into cells and the structural matrix. Within these groups are fibroblasts, structural proteins, immune cells, lymphocytes, bone marrow-derived inflammatory cells, blood vessels, and signaling molecules (Spill F, et al, Curr Opin Biotechnol 40:41-48, 2016; Del Prete A, et al, Curr Opin Pharmacol 35:40-47, 2017; Arneth B, Medicina (Kaunas) 56(1), 2019). From structure to providing nutrients for growth, each of these components plays a critical role in tumor maintenance. Together these components impact cancer growth, development, and resistance to therapies (Hanahan D, Coussens LM, Cancer Cell 21:309-322, 2012). In this chapter, we will describe the TME and express the importance of the cellular and structural elements of the TME.
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Slack RJ, Macdonald SJF, Roper JA, Jenkins RG, Hatley RJD. Emerging therapeutic opportunities for integrin inhibitors. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 21:60-78. [PMID: 34535788 PMCID: PMC8446727 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-021-00284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Integrins are cell adhesion and signalling proteins crucial to a wide range of biological functions. Effective marketed treatments have successfully targeted integrins αIIbβ3, α4β7/α4β1 and αLβ2 for cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory bowel disease/multiple sclerosis and dry eye disease, respectively. Yet, clinical development of others, notably within the RGD-binding subfamily of αv integrins, including αvβ3, have faced significant challenges in the fields of cancer, ophthalmology and osteoporosis. New inhibitors of the related integrins αvβ6 and αvβ1 have recently come to the fore and are being investigated clinically for the treatment of fibrotic diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The design of integrin drugs may now be at a turning point, with opportunities to learn from previous clinical trials, to explore new modalities and to incorporate new findings in pharmacological and structural biology. This Review intertwines research from biological, clinical and medicinal chemistry disciplines to discuss historical and current RGD-binding integrin drug discovery, with an emphasis on small-molecule inhibitors of the αv integrins. Integrins are key signalling molecules that are present on the surface of subsets of cells and are therefore good potential therapeutic targets. In this Review, Hatley and colleagues discuss the development of integrin inhibitors, particularly the challenges in developing inhibitors for integrins that contain an αv-subunit, and suggest how these challenges could be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - R G Jenkins
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Qiao J, Wang S, Zhou J, Tan B, Li Z, Zheng E, Cai G, Wu Z, Hong L, Gu T. ITGB6 inhibits the proliferation of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells. Cell Biol Int 2021; 46:96-105. [PMID: 34519117 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The formation of embryonic muscle fibers determines the amount of postnatal muscles and is regulated by a variety of signaling pathways and transcription factors. Previously, by using chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing and RNA-Seq techniques, we identified a large number of genes that are regulated by H3K27me3 in porcine embryonic skeletal muscles. Among these genes, we found that ITGB6 is regulated by H3K27me3. However, its function in muscle development is unknown. In this study, we first verified that ITGB6 was differentially regulated by H3K27me3 and that its expression levels were upregulated in porcine skeletal muscles at embryonic Days 33, 65, and 90. Then, we performed gain- or loss-of-function studies on porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells to study the role of ITGB6 in porcine skeletal muscle development. The proliferation of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells was studied through real-time polymerase chain reaction, Cell Counting Kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine staining, Western blot, and flow cytometry analyses. We found that the ITGB6 gene was regulated by H3K27me3 during muscle development and had an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Qiao
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baohua Tan
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zicong Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Wens Breeding Swine Technology Co., Ltd., Yunfu, China
| | - Enqin Zheng
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gengyuan Cai
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Wens Breeding Swine Technology Co., Ltd., Yunfu, China
| | - Zhenfang Wu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Wens Breeding Swine Technology Co., Ltd., Yunfu, China
| | - Linjun Hong
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Gu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Evaluation of Two Optical Probes for Imaging the Integrin α vβ 6- In Vitro and In Vivo in Tumor-Bearing Mice. Mol Imaging Biol 2021; 22:1170-1181. [PMID: 32002763 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-019-01469-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate two αvβ6-targeted fluorescent imaging agents. The integrin subtype αvβ6 is significantly upregulated in a wide range of epithelial derived cancers, plays a key role in invasion and metastasis, and expression is often located at the invasive edge of tumors. αvβ6-targeted fluorescent imaging agents have the potential to guide surgical resection leading to improved patient outcomes. Both imaging agents were based on the bi-PEGylated peptide NH2-PEG28-A20FMDV2-K16R-PEG28 (1), a peptide that has high affinity and selectivity for the integrin αvβ6: (a) 5-FAM-X-PEG28-A20FMDV2-K16R-PEG28 (2), and (b) IRDye800-PEG28-A20FMDV2-K16R-PEG28 (3). PROCEDURES Peptides were synthesized using solid-phase peptide synthesis and standard Fmoc chemistry. Affinity for αvβ6 was evaluated by ELISA. In vitro binding, internalization, and localization of 2 was monitored using confocal microscopy in DX3puroβ6 (αvβ6+) and DX3puro (αvβ6-) cells. The in vivo imaging and ex vivo biodistribution of 3 was evaluated in three preclinical mouse models, DX3puroβ6/DX3puro and BxPC-3 (αvβ6+) tumor xenografts and a BxPC-3 orthotopic pancreatic tumor model. RESULTS Peptides were obtained in > 99% purity. IC50 values were 28 nM (2) and 39 nM (3). Rapid αvβ6-selective binding and internalization of 2 was observed. Fluorescent intensity (FLI) measurements extracted from the in vivo images and ex vivo biodistribution confirmed uptake and retention of 3 in the αvβ6 positive subcutaneous and orthotopic tumors, with negligible uptake in the αvβ6-negative tumor. Blocking studies with a known αvβ6-targeting peptide demonstrated αvβ6-specific binding of 3. CONCLUSION Two fluorescence imaging agents were developed. The αvβ6-specific uptake, internalization, and endosomal localization of the fluorescence agent 2 demonstrates potential for targeted therapy. The selective uptake and retention of 3 in the αvβ6-positive tumors enabled clear delineation of the tumors and surgical resection indicating 3 has the potential to be utilized during image-guided surgery.
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Li D, Dong C, Ma X, Zhao X. Integrin α vβ 6-targeted MR molecular imaging of breast cancer in a xenograft mouse model. Cancer Imaging 2021; 21:44. [PMID: 34187570 PMCID: PMC8244136 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-021-00411-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The motif RXDLXXL-based nanoprobes allow specific imaging of integrin αvβ6, a protein overexpressed during tumorigenesis and tumor progression of various tumors. We applied a novel RXDLXXL-coupled cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) nonapeptide conjugated with ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (referred to as cFK-9-USPIO) for the application of integrin αvβ6-targeted magnetic resonance (MR) molecular imaging for breast cancer. METHODS A novel MR-targeted nanoprobe, cFK-9-USPIO, was synthesized by conjugating integrin αvβ6-targeted peptide cFK-9 to N-amino (-NH2)-modified USPIO nanoparticles via a dehydration esterification reaction. Integrin αvβ6-positive mouse breast cancer (4 T1) and integrin αvβ6 negative human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cell lines were incubated with cFK-9-AbFlour 647 (blocking group) or cFK-9-USPIO (experimental group), and subsequently imaged using laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) and 3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. The affinity of cFK-9 targeting αvβ6 was analyzed by calculating the mean fluorescent intensity in cells, and the nanoparticle targeting effect was measured by the reduction of T2 values in an in vitro MRI. The in vivo MRI capability of cFK-9-USPIO was investigated in 4 T1 xenograft mouse models. Binding of the targeted nanoparticles to αvβ6-positive 4 T1 tumors was determined by ex vivo histopathology. RESULTS In vitro laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) imaging showed that the difference in fluorescence intensity between the targeting and blocking groups of 4 T1 cells was significantly greater than that in HEK293 cells (P < 0.05). The in vitro MRI demonstrated a more remarkable T2 reduction in 4 T1 cells than in HEK293 cells (P < 0.001). The in vivo MRI of 4 T1 xenograft tumor-bearing nude mice showed significant T2 reduction in tumors compared to controls. Prussian blue staining further confirmed that αvβ6 integrin-targeted nanoparticles were specifically accumulated in 4 T1 tumors and notably fewer nanoparticles were detected in 4 T1 tumors of mice injected with control USPIO and HEK293 tumors of mice administered cFK-9-USPIO. CONCLUSIONS Integrin αvβ6-targeted nanoparticles have great potential for use in the detection of αvβ6-overexpressed breast cancer with MR molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengfeng Li
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.17, Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021 China
| | | | - Xiaohong Ma
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.17, Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021 China
| | - Xinming Zhao
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.17, Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021 China
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Sachindra S, Hellberg T, Exner S, Prasad S, Beindorff N, Rogalla S, Kimura R, Gambhir SS, Wiedenmann B, Grötzinger C. SPECT/CT Imaging, Biodistribution and Radiation Dosimetry of a 177Lu-DOTA-Integrin αvβ6 Cystine Knot Peptide in a Pancreatic Cancer Xenograft Model. Front Oncol 2021; 11:684713. [PMID: 34136410 PMCID: PMC8200818 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.684713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive malignant neoplasms, as many cases go undetected until they reach an advanced stage. Integrin αvβ6 is a cell surface receptor overexpressed in PDAC. Consequently, it may serve as a target for the development of probes for imaging diagnosis and radioligand therapy. Engineered cystine knottin peptides specific for integrin αvβ6 have recently been developed showing high affinity and stability. This study aimed to evaluate an integrin αvβ6-specific knottin molecular probe containing the therapeutic radionuclide 177Lu for targeting of PDAC. METHODS The expression of integrin αvβ6 in PDAC cell lines BxPC-3 and Capan-2 was analyzed using RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence. In vitro competition and saturation radioligand binding assays were performed to calculate the binding affinity of the DOTA-coupled tracer loaded with and without lutetium to BxPC-3 and Capan-2 cell lines as well as the maximum number of binding sites in these cell lines. To evaluate tracer accumulation in the tumor and organs, SPECT/CT, biodistribution and dosimetry projections were carried out using a Capan-2 xenograft tumor mouse model. RESULTS RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence results showed high expression of integrin αvβ6 in BxPC-3 and Capan-2 cells. A competition binding assay revealed high affinity of the tracer with IC50 values of 1.69 nM and 9.46 nM for BxPC-3 and Capan-2, respectively. SPECT/CT and biodistribution analysis of the conjugate 177Lu-DOTA-integrin αvβ6 knottin demonstrated accumulation in Capan-2 xenograft tumors (3.13 ± 0.63%IA/g at day 1 post injection) with kidney uptake at 19.2 ± 2.5 %IA/g, declining much more rapidly than in tumors. CONCLUSION 177Lu-DOTA-integrin αvβ6 knottin was found to be a high-affinity tracer for PDAC tumors with considerable tumor accumulation and moderate, rapidly declining kidney uptake. These promising results warrant a preclinical treatment study to establish therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachindra Sachindra
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Teresa Hellberg
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Samantha Exner
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonal Prasad
- Berlin Experimental Radionuclide Imaging Center (BERIC), Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicola Beindorff
- Berlin Experimental Radionuclide Imaging Center (BERIC), Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Rogalla
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Canary Center for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Richard Kimura
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Canary Center for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Sanjiv Sam Gambhir
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Canary Center for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Bertram Wiedenmann
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Grötzinger
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Huang J, Zhang L, Wan D, Zhou L, Zheng S, Lin S, Qiao Y. Extracellular matrix and its therapeutic potential for cancer treatment. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:153. [PMID: 33888679 PMCID: PMC8062524 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00544-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 100.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is one of the major components of tumors that plays multiple crucial roles, including mechanical support, modulation of the microenvironment, and a source of signaling molecules. The quantity and cross-linking status of ECM components are major factors determining tissue stiffness. During tumorigenesis, the interplay between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) often results in the stiffness of the ECM, leading to aberrant mechanotransduction and further malignant transformation. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of ECM dysregulation in the TME would contribute to the discovery of promising therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Herein, we summarized the knowledge concerning the following: (1) major ECM constituents and their functions in both normal and malignant conditions; (2) the interplay between cancer cells and the ECM in the TME; (3) key receptors for mechanotransduction and their alteration during carcinogenesis; and (4) the current therapeutic strategies targeting aberrant ECM for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Huang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Lele Zhang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Dalong Wan
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Shengzhang Lin
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - Yiting Qiao
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, Research Unit of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment For Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU019), Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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Zhong C, Li ZX, Yang LJ, Wu G, Xiang B, Wang YL, Zhou Q. ITGB6 may promote proliferation and invasion in pancreatic cancer. Arch Med Sci 2021; 20:267-279. [PMID: 38414469 PMCID: PMC10895961 DOI: 10.5114/aoms/114039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The ITGB6 gene encoding a protein that can regulate the integrin αvβ6 heterodimer protein expression in different status was shown to play an important role in multiple human cancers, such as brain cancer, colon cancer and oral cancer, and is related to clinical progression. This study aims to explore the function and the mechanism of the ITGB6 gene or protein in pancreatic cancer. Material and methods We examined the expression of ITGB6 in pancreatic cancer using immunohistochemistry and analyzed the relationship between the expression of ITGB6 and the clinicopathologic features in pancreatic cancer patients. In addition, a bioinformatic method was used to analyze the ITGB6 mRNA level in pancreatic tumor tissues compared with normal pancreatic tissues and to analyze the correlation between high KIF23 expression and prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients. Moreover, colony formation assay, MTT assay, cell scratch, cell invasion and western blot assays in vitro and a xenograft mouse model in vivo were performed to analyze the effect of KIF23 on proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. Results Increased expression of ITGB6 was significantly correlated with poor clinical outcome in both our clinical data and TCGA data of pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, functional assays revealed that ITGB6 knockdown in vivo and in vitro might inhibit cancer cell proliferation and the ability of invasion or migration. Conclusions Our data suggest that ITGB6 is associated with pancreatic cancer malignant progression. Hence, ITGB6 may serve as a potential target of pancreatic cancer for future research, and further study is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Orthopedic and Traumatic, Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhi-Xi Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, East Hospital, Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ling-Jing Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, East Hospital, Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- Department of Cardiosurgery, Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu-Lan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
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Desnoyers A, González C, Pérez-Segura P, Pandiella A, Amir E, Ocaña A. Integrin ανβ6 Protein Expression and Prognosis in Solid Tumors: A Meta-Analysis. Mol Diagn Ther 2021; 24:143-151. [PMID: 32100239 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-020-00450-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Integrins are a family of adhesion receptor proteins that provide signaling from the extracellular matrix to the cytoplasm. They have been associated with cancer by promoting migration, invasion, metastasis, and survival. ανβ6 integrin is upregulated in several tumors. Here, we evaluate the prognostic impact of ανβ6 integrin protein expression in solid tumors. METHODS A systematic search of electronic databases identified publications exploring the effect of ανβ6 integrin on overall survival (OS). Hazard ratios (HRs) were pooled in a meta-analysis using generic inverse variance and random effects modeling. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on tumor site, tumor stage, antibody used for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and method for extraction of the HR. A meta-regression explored the influence of clinical variables on the magnitude of effect of ανβ6 integrins on OS. RESULTS Seventeen studies comprising 5795 patients met the inclusion criteria. High ανβ6 integrin expression in tumors was associated with worse OS (HR 1.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.32-2.06; Cochran's Q p < 0.001, I2 = 81%). Adverse outcomes were similar in all tumor sites (subgroup difference p = 0.10), with the strongest association between ανβ6 integrins and OS in gastric cancer (HR 2.20, 95% CI 1.71-2.83) and the lowest in head and neck cancer (HR 1.21, 95% CI 0.79-1.83). There was no significant difference between early-stage and metastatic cancer, type of IHC antibodies, and analysis methods. CONCLUSIONS High expression of ανβ6 integrins is associated with adverse survival outcome in several tumors. Prospective studies evaluating the prognostic impact of ανβ6 integrin and its role as a therapeutic target are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Desnoyers
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carlos González
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Medical Oncology Department, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,CIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Castilla-La Mancha University (UCLM), Albacete, Spain
| | - Pedro Pérez-Segura
- Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Medical Oncology Department, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Atanasio Pandiella
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,CIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Eitan Amir
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alberto Ocaña
- Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Medical Oncology Department, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain. .,Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Castilla-La Mancha University (UCLM), Albacete, Spain.
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Cardle II, Jensen MC, Pun SH, Sellers DL. Optimized serum stability and specificity of an αvβ6 integrin-binding peptide for tumor targeting. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100657. [PMID: 33857478 PMCID: PMC8138772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The integrin αvβ6 is an antigen expressed at low levels in healthy tissue but upregulated during tumorigenesis, which makes it a promising target for cancer imaging and therapy. A20FMDV2 is a 20-mer peptide derived from the foot-and-mouth disease virus that exhibits nanomolar and selective affinity for αvβ6 versus other integrins. Despite this selectivity, A20FMDV2 has had limited success in imaging and treating αvβ6+ tumors in vivo because of its poor serum stability. Here, we explore the cyclization and modification of the A20FMDV2 peptide to improve its serum stability without sacrificing its affinity and specificity for αvβ6. Using cysteine amino acid substitutions and cyclization by perfluoroarylation with decafluorobiphenyl, we synthesized six cyclized A20FMDV2 variants and discovered that two retained binding to αvβ6 with modestly improved serum stability. Further d-amino acid substitutions and C-terminal sequence optimization outside the cyclized region greatly prolonged peptide serum stability without reducing binding affinity. While the cyclized A20FMDV2 variants exhibited increased nonspecific integrin binding compared with the original peptide, additional modifications with the non-natural amino acids citrulline, hydroxyproline, and d-alanine were found to restore binding specificity, with some modifications leading to greater αvβ6 integrin selectivity than the original A20FMDV2 peptide. The peptide modifications detailed herein greatly improve the potential of utilizing A20FMDV2 to target αvβ6 in vivo, expanding opportunities for cancer targeting and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian I Cardle
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Seattle Children's Therapeutics, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael C Jensen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Seattle Children's Therapeutics, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Suzie H Pun
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Drew L Sellers
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
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Urquiza M, Guevara V, Diaz-Sana E, Mora F. The Role of αvβ6 Integrin Binding Molecules in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824999200528124936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Peptidic and non-peptidic αvβ6 integrin-binding molecules have been used in
the clinic for detection and treatment of tumors expressing αvβ6 integrin, because this protein
is expressed in malignant epithelial cells of the oral cavity, pancreas, breast, ovary,
colon and stomach carcinomas but it is not expressed in healthy adult tissue except during
wound healing and inflammation. This review focuses on the landscape of αvβ6 integrinbinding
molecules and their use in cancer treatment and detection, and discusses recent
designs for tumor detection, treatment, and immunotherapy. In the last ten years, several
reviews abamp;#945;vβ6 integrin-binding molecules and their role in cancer detection and treatment.
Firstly, this review describes the role of the αvβ6 integrin in normal tissues, how the expression
of this protein is correlated with cancer severity and its role in cancer development. Taking into account
the potential of αvβ6 integrin-binding molecules in detection and treatment of specific tumors, special
attention is given to several high-affinity αvβ6 integrin-binding peptides used for tumor imaging; particularly,
the αvβ6-binding peptide NAVPNLRGDLQVLAQKVART [A20FMDV2], derived from the foot and mouth
disease virus. This peptide labeled with either 18F, 111In or with 68Ga has been used for PET imaging of αvβ6
integrin-positive tumors. Moreover, αvβ6 integrin-binding peptides have been used for photoacoustic and fluorescence
imaging and could potentially be used in clinical application in cancer diagnosis and intraoperative
imaging of αvβ6-integrin positive tumors. Additionally, non-peptidic αvβ6-binding molecules have been designed
and used in the clinic for the detection and treatment of αvβ6-expressing tumors. Anti-αvβ6 integrin antibodies
are another useful tool for selective identification and treatment of αvβ6 (+) tumors. The utility of
these αvβ6 integrin-binding molecules as a tool for tumor detection and treatment is discussed, considering
specificity, sensitivity and serum stability. Another use of the αvβ6 integrin-binding peptides is to modify the
Ad5 cell tropism for inducing oncolytic activity of αvβ6-integrin positive tumor cells by expressing
A20FMDV2 peptide within the fiber knob protein (Ad5NULL-A20). The newly designed oncolytic
Ad5NULL-A20 virotherapy is promising for local and systemic targeting of αvβ6-overexpressing cancers. Finally,
new evidence has emerged, indicating that chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing the αvβ6 integrin-
binding peptide on top of CD28+CD3 endodomain displays a potent therapeutic activity in a diverse
repertoire of solid tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Urquiza
- Grupo de Investigacion en Hormonas (GIH), Department of Chemistry, National University of Columbia, Cra 30 # 45-03, Bogota, zip code 111321, Colombia
| | - Valentina Guevara
- Grupo de Investigacion en Hormonas (GIH), Department of Chemistry, National University of Columbia, Cra 30 # 45-03, Bogota, zip code 111321, Colombia
| | - Erika Diaz-Sana
- Grupo de Investigacion en Hormonas (GIH), Department of Chemistry, National University of Columbia, Cra 30 # 45-03, Bogota, zip code 111321, Colombia
| | - Felipe Mora
- Grupo de Investigacion en Hormonas (GIH), Department of Chemistry, National University of Columbia, Cra 30 # 45-03, Bogota, zip code 111321, Colombia
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Osteopontin: A Key Regulator of Tumor Progression and Immunomodulation. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113379. [PMID: 33203146 PMCID: PMC7698217 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4-based immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) immunotherapy have recently emerged as a breakthrough in human cancer treatment. Durable efficacy has been achieved in many types of human cancers. However, not all human cancers respond to current ICB immunotherapy and only a fraction of the responsive cancers exhibit efficacy. Osteopontin (OPN) expression is highly elevated in human cancers and functions as a tumor promoter. Emerging data suggest that OPN may also regulate immune cell function in the tumor microenvironment. This review aims at OPN function in human cancer progression and new findings of OPN as a new immune checkpoint. We propose that OPN compensates PD-L1 function to promote tumor immune evasion, which may underlie human cancer non-response to current ICB immunotherapy. Abstract OPN is a multifunctional phosphoglycoprotein expressed in a wide range of cells, including osteoclasts, osteoblasts, neurons, epithelial cells, T, B, NK, NK T, myeloid, and innate lymphoid cells. OPN plays an important role in diverse biological processes and is implicated in multiple diseases such as cardiovascular, diabetes, kidney, proinflammatory, fibrosis, nephrolithiasis, wound healing, and cancer. In cancer patients, overexpressed OPN is often detected in the tumor microenvironment and elevated serum OPN level is correlated with poor prognosis. Initially identified in activated T cells and termed as early T cell activation gene, OPN links innate cells to adaptive cells in immune response to infection and cancer. Recent single cell RNA sequencing revealed that OPN is primarily expressed in tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells in human cancer patients. Emerging experimental data reveal a key role of OPN is tumor immune evasion through regulating macrophage polarization, recruitment, and inhibition of T cell activation in the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, in addition to its well-established direct tumor cell promotion function, OPN also acts as an immune checkpoint to negatively regulate T cell activation. The OPN protein level is highly elevated in peripheral blood of human cancer patients. OPN blockade immunotherapy with OPN neutralization monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) thus represents an attractive approach in human cancer immunotherapy.
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Wu J, Cheng J, Zhang F, Luo X, Zhang Z, Chen S. Estrogen receptor α is involved in the regulation of ITGA8 methylation in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:993. [PMID: 32953793 PMCID: PMC7475494 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-5220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Integrin subunit α 8 (ITGA8) methylation has been associated with the development of several cancers, but its contribution to breast cancer remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the methylation status of ITGA8, and the underlying regulatory mechanisms of ITGA8 methylation in breast cancer. Methods ITGA8 expression was investigated using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2) database and the Breast Cancer Gene-Expression Miner v.4.4 (bc-GenExMiner v4.4). The association between ITGA8 expression levels and the survival rate of breast cancer patients was evaluated using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Gene Expression-based Outcome for Breast Cancer Online (GOBO): Gene Set Analysis. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) was used to detect the methylation of ITGA8. Protein level of ITGA8 was determined by Western blot analysis. Results ITGA8 was expressed at low levels in human breast cancer cells compared to non-tumorigenic breast cells and breast tissue, and was upregulated in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive tissue compared with ER-negative tissue (P<0.01). ITGA8 gene expression was negatively associated with breast tumor stage and survival rate in all breast cancer patients. However, ER-positive patients with low ITGA8 expression showed poorer distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates than patients with high ITGA8 expression. This was not observed in the ER-negative population. Mechanistically speaking, hypermethylation of ITGA8 was discovered in ER-positive breast cancer cells. Administration of the methylation inhibitor, 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC), significantly elevated protein expression of ITGA8 in ER-positive breast cancer cells compared to ER-negative cells. The positive association between ITGA8 status and methylation was also observed in clinical tissue specimens. When treated with 17-beta-estradiol, an antagonist of ERα, 5-aza-dC-induced upregulation of ITGA8 in ER-positive breast cancer cells was no longer observed. Conclusions Low ITGA8 expression in ER-positive breast cancer might be caused by the hypermethylation of ITGA8, a process dependent on ERα. Our findings provide an important foundation for investigations into ITGA8-targeted treatment strategies for ER-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxun Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jianghong Cheng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fuxing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xianyang Luo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiamen, China.,Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiamen, China.,Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Krishn SR, Salem I, Quaglia F, Naranjo NM, Agarwal E, Liu Q, Sarker S, Kopenhaver J, McCue PA, Weinreb PH, Violette SM, Altieri DC, Languino LR. The αvβ6 integrin in cancer cell-derived small extracellular vesicles enhances angiogenesis. J Extracell Vesicles 2020; 9:1763594. [PMID: 32595914 PMCID: PMC7301698 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2020.1763594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PrCa) cells crosstalk with the tumour microenvironment by releasing small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). sEVs, as well as large extracellular vesicles (LEVs), isolated via iodixanol density gradients from PrCa cell culture media, express the epithelial-specific αvβ6 integrin, which is known to be induced in cancer. In this study, we show sEV-mediated protein transfer of αvβ6 integrin to microvascular endothelial cells (human microvascular endothelial cells 1 - HMEC1) and demonstrate that de novo αvβ6 integrin expression is not caused by increased mRNA levels. Incubation of HMEC1 with sEVs isolated from PrCa PC3 cells that express the αvβ6 integrin results in a highly significant increase in the number of nodes, junctions and tubules. In contrast, incubation of HMEC1 with sEVs isolated from β6 negative PC3 cells, generated by shRNA against β6, results in a reduction in the number of nodes, junctions and tubules, a decrease in survivin levels and an increase in a negative regulator of angiogenesis, pSTAT1. Furthermore, treatment of HMEC1 with sEVs generated by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated down-regulation of β6, causes up-regulation of pSTAT1. Overall, our findings suggest that αvβ6 integrin in cancer sEVs regulates angiogenesis during PrCa progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Ram Krishn
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Israa Salem
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Fabio Quaglia
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Nicole M Naranjo
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Ekta Agarwal
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, USA.,Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Qin Liu
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Srawasti Sarker
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Jessica Kopenhaver
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Peter A McCue
- Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | | | - Dario C Altieri
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, USA.,Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Lucia R Languino
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
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Lukey PT, Coello C, Gunn R, Parker C, Wilson FJ, Saleem A, Garman N, Costa M, Kendrick S, Onega M, Kang'ombe AR, Listanco A, Davies J, Ramada-Magalhaes J, Moz S, Fahy WA, Maher TM, Jenkins G, Passchier J, Marshall RP. Clinical quantification of the integrin αvβ6 by [ 18F]FB-A20FMDV2 positron emission tomography in healthy and fibrotic human lung (PETAL Study). Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2020; 47:967-979. [PMID: 31814068 PMCID: PMC7075837 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-04586-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The RGD-integrin, αvβ6, plays a role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis through activation of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ). This study sought to quantify expression of αvβ6 in the lungs of healthy humans and subjects with pulmonary fibrosis using the αvβ6-selective [18F]FB-A20FMDV2 PET ligand. METHODS [18F]FB-A20FMDV2 PET/CT scans were performed in healthy subjects and those with fibrotic lung disease. Standard uptake values (SUV) and volume of distribution (VT) were used to quantify αvβ6 expression. In subjects with fibrotic lung disease, qualitative assessment of the relationship between αvβ6 expression and the distribution of fibrosis on high resolution computed tomography was conducted. RESULTS A total of 15 participants (6 healthy, 7 with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and 2 with connective tissue disease (CTD) associated PF) were enrolled. VT and SUV of [18F]FB-A20FMDV2 were increased in the lungs of subjects with pulmonary fibrosis (PF) compared with healthy subjects. Geometric mean VT (95% CI) was 0.88 (0.60, 1.29) mL/cm3 for healthy subjects, and 1.40 (1.22, 1.61) mL/cm3 for subjects with IPF; and SUV was 0.54 (0.36, 0.81) g/mL for healthy subjects and 1.03 (0.86, 1.22) g/mL for subjects with IPF. The IPF/healthy VT ratio (geometric mean, (95% CI of ratio)) was 1.59 (1.09, 2.32) (probability ratio > 1 = 0.988)) and the SUV ratio was 1.91 (1.27, 2.87) (probability ratio > 1 = 0.996). Increased uptake of [18F]FB-A20FMDV2 in PF was predominantly confined to fibrotic areas. [18F]FB-A20FMDV2 measurements were reproducible at an interval of 2 weeks. [18F]FB-A20FMDV2 was safe and well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS Lung uptake of [18F]FB-A20FMDV2, a measure of expression of the integrin αvβ6, was markedly increased in subjects with PF compared with healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline T Lukey
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Brentford, UK.
- Target to Treatment Consulting Ltd, Stevenage BioScience Catalyst, Stevenage, SG1 2FX, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nadia Garman
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Brentford, UK
| | - Maria Costa
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Brentford, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Toby M Maher
- NIHR Respiratory Clinical Research Facility, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
- Fibrosis Research Group, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Gisli Jenkins
- National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
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Xu H, Cao B, Li Y, Mao C. Phage nanofibers in nanomedicine: Biopanning for early diagnosis, targeted therapy, and proteomics analysis. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 12:e1623. [PMID: 32147974 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Display of a peptide or protein of interest on the filamentous phage (also known as bacteriophage), a biological nanofiber, has opened a new route for disease diagnosis and therapy as well as proteomics. Earlier phage display was widely used in protein-protein or antigen-antibody studies. In recent years, its application in nanomedicine is becoming increasingly popular and encouraging. We aim to review the current status in this research direction. For better understanding, we start with a brief introduction of basic biology and structure of the filamentous phage. We present the principle of phage display and library construction method on the basis of the filamentous phage. We summarize the use of the phage displayed peptide library for selecting peptides with high affinity against cells or tissues. We then review the recent applications of the selected cell or tissue targeting peptides in developing new targeting probes and therapeutics to advance the early diagnosis and targeted therapy of different diseases in nanomedicine. We also discuss the integration of antibody phage display and modern proteomics in discovering new biomarkers or target proteins for disease diagnosis and therapy. Finally, we propose an outlook for further advancing the potential impact of phage display on future nanomedicine. This article is categorized under: Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Protein and Virus-Based Structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Binrui Cao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
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Moore KM, Desai A, Delgado BDL, Trabulo SMD, Reader C, Brown NF, Murray ER, Brentnall A, Howard P, Masterson L, Zammarchi F, Hartley JA, van Berkel PH, Marshall JF. Integrin αvβ6-specific therapy for pancreatic cancer developed from foot-and-mouth-disease virus. Theranostics 2020; 10:2930-2942. [PMID: 32194845 PMCID: PMC7053198 DOI: 10.7150/thno.38702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Goals of investigation: The 5-year survival rate for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has remained at <5% for decades because no effective therapies have been identified. Integrin αvβ6 is overexpressed in most PDAC and represents a promising therapeutic target. Thus, we attempted to develop an αvβ6-specific peptide-drug conjugate (PDC) for therapy of PDAC. Methodology: We conjugated the DNA-binding pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD)-based payload SG3249 (tesirine) to an αvβ6-specific 20mer peptide from the VP1 coat protein of foot-and-mouth-disease virus (FMDV) (forming conjugate SG3299) or to a non-targeting peptide (forming conjugate SG3511). PDCs were tested for specificity and toxicity on αvβ6-negative versus-positive PDAC cells, patient-derived cell lines from tumor xenografts, and on two different in vivo models of PDAC. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed to establish therapeutic mechanism. Results: The αvβ6-targeted PDC SG3299 was significantly more toxic (up to 78-fold) for αvβ6-expressing versus αvβ6-negative PDAC cell lines in vitro, and achieved significantly higher toxicity at equal dose than the non-targeted PDC SG3511 (up to 15-fold better). Moreover, SG3299 eliminated established (100mm3) Capan-1 PDAC human xenografts, extending the lifespan of mice significantly (P=0.005). Immunohistochemistry revealed SG3299 induced DNA damage and apoptosis (increased γH2AX and cleaved caspase 3, respectively) associated with significant reductions in proliferation (Ki67), β6 expression and PDAC tumour growth. Conclusions: The FMDV-peptide drug conjugate SG3299 showed αvβ6-selectivity in vitro and in vivo and can specifically eliminate αvβ6-positive cancers, providing a promising new molecular- specific therapy for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate M. Moore
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Ami Desai
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Bea de Luxán Delgado
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Sara Maria David Trabulo
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Claire Reader
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Nicholas F. Brown
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Elizabeth R. Murray
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Adam Brentnall
- Cancer Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Mathematics and Statistics, Wolfson Institute of Preventative Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Philip Howard
- Spirogen, QMB Innovation Centre, 42 New Road, London E1 2AX, UK
| | - Luke Masterson
- Spirogen, QMB Innovation Centre, 42 New Road, London E1 2AX, UK
| | - Francesca Zammarchi
- ADC Therapeutics (UK) Ltd, QMB Innovation Centre, 42 New Road, London E1 2AX, UK
| | - John A. Hartley
- Cancer Research UK Drug-DNA Interactions Research Group, University College London Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K
| | | | - John F. Marshall
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
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45
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Magnetic nanocarriers: Emerging tool for the effective targeted treatment of lung cancer. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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46
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Ahmadpour S, Hosseinimehr SJ. Recent developments in peptide-based SPECT radiopharmaceuticals for breast tumor targeting. Life Sci 2019; 239:116870. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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47
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Wu PH, Opadele AE, Onodera Y, Nam JM. Targeting Integrins in Cancer Nanomedicine: Applications in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1783. [PMID: 31766201 PMCID: PMC6895796 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to advancements in nanotechnology, the application of nanosized materials (nanomaterials) in cancer diagnostics and therapeutics has become a leading area in cancer research. The decoration of nanomaterial surfaces with biological ligands is a major strategy for directing the actions of nanomaterials specifically to cancer cells. These ligands can bind to specific receptors on the cell surface and enable nanomaterials to actively target cancer cells. Integrins are one of the cell surface receptors that regulate the communication between cells and their microenvironment. Several integrins are overexpressed in many types of cancer cells and the tumor microvasculature and function in the mediation of various cellular events. Therefore, the surface modification of nanomaterials with integrin-specific ligands not only increases their binding affinity to cancer cells but also enhances the cellular uptake of nanomaterials through the intracellular trafficking of integrins. Moreover, the integrin-specific ligands themselves interfere with cancer migration and invasion by interacting with integrins, and this finding provides a novel direction for new treatment approaches in cancer nanomedicine. This article reviews the integrin-specific ligands that have been used in cancer nanomedicine and provides an overview of the recent progress in cancer diagnostics and therapeutic strategies involving the use of integrin-targeted nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Hsiu Wu
- Global Station for Quantum Medical Science and Engineering, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Abayomi Emmanuel Opadele
- Molecular and Cellular Dynamics Research, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Hokkaido, Japan;
| | - Yasuhito Onodera
- Global Station for Quantum Medical Science and Engineering, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Hokkaido, Japan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Jin-Min Nam
- Global Station for Quantum Medical Science and Engineering, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Hokkaido, Japan
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48
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Reader CS, Vallath S, Steele CW, Haider S, Brentnall A, Desai A, Moore KM, Jamieson NB, Chang D, Bailey P, Scarpa A, Lawlor R, Chelala C, Keyse SM, Biankin A, Morton JP, Evans TRJ, Barry ST, Sansom OJ, Kocher HM, Marshall JF. The integrin αvβ6 drives pancreatic cancer through diverse mechanisms and represents an effective target for therapy. J Pathol 2019; 249:332-342. [PMID: 31259422 PMCID: PMC6852434 DOI: 10.1002/path.5320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a 5-year survival rate of less than 4% and desperately needs novel effective therapeutics. Integrin αvβ6 has been linked with poor prognosis in cancer but its potential as a target in PDAC remains unclear. We report that transcriptional expression analysis revealed that high levels of β6 mRNA correlated strongly with significantly poorer survival (n = 491 cases, p = 3.17 × 10-8 ). In two separate cohorts, we showed that over 80% of PDACs expressed αvβ6 protein and that paired metastases retained αvβ6 expression. In vitro, integrin αvβ6 promoted PDAC cell growth, survival, migration, and invasion. Treatment of both αvβ6-positive human PDAC xenografts and transgenic mice bearing αvβ6-positive PDAC with the αvβ6 blocking antibody 264RAD, combined with gemcitabine, significantly reduced tumour growth (p < 0.0001) and increased survival (log-rank test, p < 0.05). Antibody therapy was associated with suppression of tumour cell activity (suppression of pErk growth signals, increased apoptosis seen as activated caspase-3) and suppression of the pro-tumourigenic microenvironment (suppression of TGFβ signalling, fewer αSMA-positive myofibroblasts, decreased blood vessel density). These data show that αvβ6 promotes PDAC growth through both tumour cell and tumour microenvironment mechanisms and represents a valuable target for PDAC therapy. © 2019 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacology
- Apoptosis
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/mortality
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/secondary
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Dual Specificity Phosphatase 6/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genes, ras
- Humans
- Integrases/genetics
- Integrins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Integrins/genetics
- Integrins/metabolism
- Italy
- Mice, Nude
- Mice, Transgenic
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/mortality
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Burden
- Tumor Microenvironment
- United Kingdom
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire S Reader
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, CRUK Centre of ExcellenceQueen Mary University of London, John Vane Science CentreLondonUK
| | - Sabari Vallath
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, CRUK Centre of ExcellenceQueen Mary University of London, John Vane Science CentreLondonUK
| | | | | | - Adam Brentnall
- Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive MedicineQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Ami Desai
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, CRUK Centre of ExcellenceQueen Mary University of London, John Vane Science CentreLondonUK
| | - Kate M Moore
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, CRUK Centre of ExcellenceQueen Mary University of London, John Vane Science CentreLondonUK
| | - Nigel B Jamieson
- Academic Unit of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal InfirmaryGlasgowUK
- West of Scotland Pancreatic UnitGlasgow Royal InfirmaryGlasgowUK
| | - David Chang
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Peter Bailey
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- ARC‐NET Research Centre for Applied Research on CancerUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Rita Lawlor
- ARC‐NET Research Centre for Applied Research on CancerUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Claude Chelala
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, CRUK Centre of ExcellenceQueen Mary University of London, John Vane Science CentreLondonUK
| | - Stephen M Keyse
- Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, James Arrott DriveNinewells Hospital and Medical SchoolDundeeUK
| | - Andrew Biankin
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, CRUK Centre of ExcellenceQueen Mary University of London, John Vane Science CentreLondonUK
| | | | - TR Jeffry Evans
- Cancer Research UK Beatson InstituteGlasgowUK
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | | | | | - Hemant M Kocher
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, CRUK Centre of ExcellenceQueen Mary University of London, John Vane Science CentreLondonUK
| | - John F Marshall
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, CRUK Centre of ExcellenceQueen Mary University of London, John Vane Science CentreLondonUK
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49
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Chen J, Huang Y, Zhu C, Li Q, Wu Y, Liu Q, Cheng Q. Early detection of Alzheimer's disease by peptides from phage display screening. Brain Res 2019; 1721:146306. [PMID: 31247207 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder without effective treatment so far. As clinical trials show that early-stage patients are more likely to respond to potential interventions, various technologies have been used to search blood biomarkers for the early diagnosis of AD. Phage display could be used to select specific peptides against desired target and here, we established a peptide binding assay based on phage display peptide library to detect early-stage AD patients. We first selected peptides from phage display library against plasmas from AD patients (n = 10) and normal healthy controls (n = 10), respectively, in the discovery set. Then, we further characterized one AD-specific peptide (AD#1 peptide) and one control-specific peptide (Con#1 peptide), and evaluated their diagnostic performance in independent validation set (35 AD patients, 45 MCI, 45 controls and 20 PD patients). Our results show that both AD#1 peptide and Con#1 peptide could distinguish AD/MCI patients from controls and combination of these two peptides could greatly improve the diagnostic performance (AUC is above 0.80 in ROC curve analysis). In addition, we found that AD#1 peptide stained Aβ-treated primary astrocyte and bound to recombinant human YKL-40 protein in in-vitro assay. It supports that AD#1 peptide detects AD inflammation related cytokine. Thus, the detection assay based on phage-derived peptides may offer a novel blood biomarker test for the early diagnosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated with the School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Ruijin No. 2 Road, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Discipline Construction Research Center of China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 280 Mohe Road, Shanghai 201999, China
| | - Yanruo Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Cenjing Zhu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 Chong Qing Nan Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qingwei Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Mental Health Central, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingyan Wu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 Chong Qing Nan Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qiaofeng Liu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qi Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated with the School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Ruijin No. 2 Road, Shanghai 200025, China; School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 Chong Qing Nan Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
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50
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Evaluation of integrin αvβ 6 cystine knot PET tracers to detect cancer and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4673. [PMID: 31611594 PMCID: PMC6791878 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11863-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in precision molecular imaging promise to transform our ability to detect, diagnose and treat disease. Here, we describe the engineering and validation of a new cystine knot peptide (knottin) that selectively recognizes human integrin αvβ6 with single-digit nanomolar affinity. We solve its 3D structure by NMR and x-ray crystallography and validate leads with 3 different radiolabels in pre-clinical models of cancer. We evaluate the lead tracer’s safety, biodistribution and pharmacokinetics in healthy human volunteers, and show its ability to detect multiple cancers (pancreatic, cervical and lung) in patients at two study locations. Additionally, we demonstrate that the knottin PET tracers can also detect fibrotic lung disease in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients. Our results indicate that these cystine knot PET tracers may have potential utility in multiple disease states that are associated with upregulation of integrin αvβ6. Knottin is a cystine knot peptide. Here, the authors develop a knottin-based tracer for positron emission tomography and demonstrate its ability to detect cancer and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis through selective binding to integrin αvβ6.
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