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Wilk SS, Michalak K, Owczarek EP, Winiarczyk S, Zabielska-Koczywąs KA. Proteomic Analyses Reveal the Role of Alpha-2-Macroglobulin in Canine Osteosarcoma Cell Migration. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3989. [PMID: 38612805 PMCID: PMC11011979 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Canine osteosarcoma (OSA) is an aggressive bone neoplasia with high metastatic potential. Metastasis is the main cause of death associated with OSA, and there is no current treatment available for metastatic disease. Proteomic analyses, including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF/TOF MS), are widely used to select molecular targets and identify proteins that may play a key role in primary tumours and at various steps of the metastatic cascade. The main aim of this study was to identify proteins differently expressed in canine OSA cell lines with different malignancy phenotypes (OSCA-8 and OSCA-32) compared to canine osteoblasts (CnOb). The intermediate aim of the study was to compare canine OSA cell migration capacity and assess its correlation with the malignancy phenotypes of each cell line. Using MALDI-TOF/TOF MS analyses, we identified eight proteins that were significantly differentially expressed (p ≤ 0.05) in canine OSA cell lines compared to CnOb: cilia- and flagella-associated protein 298 (CFAP298), general transcription factor II-I (GTF2I), mirror-image polydactyly gene 1 protein (MIPOL1), alpha-2 macroglobulin (A2M), phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1), ubiquitin (UB2L6), ectodysplasin-A receptor-associated adapter protein (EDARADD), and leucine-rich-repeat-containing protein 72 (LRRC72). Using the Simple Western technique, we confirmed high A2M expression in CnOb compared to OSCA-8 and OSCA-32 cell lines (with intermediate and low A2M expression, respectively). Then, we confirmed the role of A2M in cancer cell migration by demonstrating significantly inhibited OSA cell migration by treatment with A2M (both at 10 and 30 mM concentrations after 12 and 24 h) in a wound-healing assay. This study may be the first report indicating A2M's role in OSA cell metastasis; however, further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to confirm its possible role as an anti-metastatic agent in this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia S. Wilk
- Department of Small Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (S.S.W.); (E.P.O.)
| | - Katarzyna Michalak
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Life Sciences, Głęboka 30, 20-612 Lublin, Poland; (K.M.); (S.W.)
| | - Ewelina P. Owczarek
- Department of Small Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (S.S.W.); (E.P.O.)
- Laboratory of RNA Biology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, 4 Ks. Trojdena, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stanisław Winiarczyk
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Life Sciences, Głęboka 30, 20-612 Lublin, Poland; (K.M.); (S.W.)
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Aleja Partyzantów 5, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
| | - Katarzyna A. Zabielska-Koczywąs
- Department of Small Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (S.S.W.); (E.P.O.)
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Skvortsova L, Abdikerim S, Yergali K, Mit N, Perfilyeva A, Omarbayeva N, Zhunussova A, Kachiyeva Z, Sadykova T, Bekmanov B, Kaidarova D, Djansugurova L, Zhunussova G. Association of Genetic Markers with the Risk of Early-Onset Breast Cancer in Kazakh Women. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:108. [PMID: 38254997 PMCID: PMC10815330 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a global health problem. It is an age-dependent disease, but cases of early-onset breast cancer (eBC) are gradually increasing. There are many unresolved questions regarding eBC risk factors, mechanisms of development and screening. Only 10% of eBC cases are due to mutations in the BRCA1/BRCA2 genes, and 90% have a more complex genetic background. This poses a significant challenge to timely cancer detection in young women and highlights the need for research and awareness. Therefore, identifying genetic risk factors for eBC is essential to solving these problems. This study represents an association analysis of 144 eBC cases and 163 control participants to identify genetic markers associated with eBC risks in Kazakh women. We performed a two-stage approach in association analysis to assess genetic predisposition to eBC. First-stage genome-wide association analysis revealed two risk intronic loci in the CHI3L2 gene (p = 5.2 × 10-6) and MGAT5 gene (p = 8.4 × 10-6). Second-stage exonic polymorphisms haplotype analysis showed significant risks for seven haplotypes (p < 9.4 × 10-4). These results point to the importance of studying medium- and low-penetrant genetic markers in their haplotype combinations for a detailed understanding of the role of detected genetic markers in eBC development and prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliya Skvortsova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (S.A.); (K.Y.); (N.M.); (A.P.); (A.Z.); (B.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Saltanat Abdikerim
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (S.A.); (K.Y.); (N.M.); (A.P.); (A.Z.); (B.B.); (L.D.)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Kanagat Yergali
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (S.A.); (K.Y.); (N.M.); (A.P.); (A.Z.); (B.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Natalya Mit
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (S.A.); (K.Y.); (N.M.); (A.P.); (A.Z.); (B.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Anastassiya Perfilyeva
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (S.A.); (K.Y.); (N.M.); (A.P.); (A.Z.); (B.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Nazgul Omarbayeva
- Breast Cancer Department, Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (N.O.); (T.S.); (D.K.)
- Oncology Department, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
| | - Aigul Zhunussova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (S.A.); (K.Y.); (N.M.); (A.P.); (A.Z.); (B.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Zulfiya Kachiyeva
- Research Institute of Applied and Fundamental Medicine, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan;
| | - Tolkyn Sadykova
- Breast Cancer Department, Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (N.O.); (T.S.); (D.K.)
- Oncology Department, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
| | - Bakhytzhan Bekmanov
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (S.A.); (K.Y.); (N.M.); (A.P.); (A.Z.); (B.B.); (L.D.)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Dilyara Kaidarova
- Breast Cancer Department, Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (N.O.); (T.S.); (D.K.)
- Oncology Department, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
| | - Leyla Djansugurova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (S.A.); (K.Y.); (N.M.); (A.P.); (A.Z.); (B.B.); (L.D.)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Gulnur Zhunussova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (S.A.); (K.Y.); (N.M.); (A.P.); (A.Z.); (B.B.); (L.D.)
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Valente R, Cordeiro S, Luz A, Melo MC, Rodrigues CR, Baptista PV, Fernandes AR. Doxorubicin-sensitive and -resistant colorectal cancer spheroid models: assessing tumor microenvironment features for therapeutic modulation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1310397. [PMID: 38188017 PMCID: PMC10771845 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1310397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The research on tumor microenvironment (TME) has recently been gaining attention due to its important role in tumor growth, progression, and response to therapy. Because of this, the development of three-dimensional cancer models that mimic the interactions in the TME and the tumor structure and complexity is of great relevance to cancer research and drug development. Methods: This study aimed to characterize colorectal cancer spheroids overtime and assess how the susceptibility or resistance to doxorubicin (Dox) or the inclusion of fibroblasts in heterotypic spheroids influence and modulate their secretory activity, namely the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs), and the response to Dox-mediated chemotherapy. Different characteristics were assessed over time, namely spheroid growth, viability, presence of hypoxia, expression of hypoxia and inflammation-associated genes and proteins. Due to the importance of EVs in biomarker discovery with impact on early diagnostics, prognostics and response to treatment, proteomic profiling of the EVs released by the different 3D spheroid models was also assessed. Response to treatment was also monitored by assessing Dox internalization and its effects on the different 3D spheroid structures and on the cell viability. Results and Discussion: The results show that distinct features are affected by both Dox resistance and the presence of fibroblasts. Fibroblasts can stabilize spheroid models, through the modulation of their growth, viability, hypoxia and inflammation levels, as well as the expressions of its associated transcripts/proteins, and promotes alterations in the protein profile exhibit by EVs. Summarily, fibroblasts can increase cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, making the heterotypic spheroids a great model to study TME and understand TME role in chemotherapies resistance. Dox resistance induction is shown to influence the internalization of Dox, especially in homotypic spheroids, and it is also shown to influence cell viability and consequently the chemoresistance of those spheroids when exposed to Dox. Taken together these results highlight the importance of finding and characterizing different 3D models resembling more closely the in vivo interactions of tumors with their microenvironment as well as modulating drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Valente
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Sandra Cordeiro
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - André Luz
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria C. Melo
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Catarina Roma Rodrigues
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro V. Baptista
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Alexandra R. Fernandes
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
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Jiang B, Yang J, He R, Wang D, Huang Y, Zhao G, Ning M, Zeng T, Li G. Integrated multi-omics analysis for lung adenocarcinoma in Xuanwei, China. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:14263-14291. [PMID: 38095636 PMCID: PMC10756121 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xuanwei lung cancer (XWLC) is well-known for its high incidence and mortality. However, the molecular mechanism is still unclear. METHODS We performed a comprehensive transcriptomic, proteomic, and phosphoproteomic characterization of tumors and matched normal adjacent tissues from three XWLC patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). RESULTS Integrated transcriptome and proteome analysis revealed dysregulated molecules and pathways in tumors and identified enhanced metabolic-disease coupling. Non-coding RNAs were widely involved in post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms to coordinate the progress of LUAD and partially explained the molecular differences between RNA and protein expression patterns. Phosphoproteome provided evidence support for new phosphate sites, reporting the potential roles of core kinase family members and key kinase pathways involved in metabolism, immunity, and homeostasis. In addition, by comparing with the previous LUAD researches, we emphasized the higher degree of oxidative phosphorylation in Xuanwei LUAD and pointed that VIPR1 deficiency aggravated metabolic dysfunction. CONCLUSION Our integrated multi-omics analysis provided a powerful resource for a systematic understanding of the molecular structure of XWLC and proposed therapeutic opportunities based on redox metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyi Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Jiapeng Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Rui He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Yunchao Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Guangqiang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Mingjie Ning
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Teng Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Guangjian Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
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Liu X, Liu H, Wang Y, Li M, Ji L, Wang K, Wei C, Li W, Chen C, Yu L, Zhu X, Hong X. Chromosome-Level Analysis of the Pelochelys cantorii Genome Provides Insights to Its Immunity, Growth and Longevity. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:939. [PMID: 37508370 PMCID: PMC10376104 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The Asian giant soft-shelled turtle, Pelochelys cantorii (Trionychidae), is one of the largest aquatic turtles in China and was designated as a First-Grade Protected Animal in China in 1989. Previous investigation based on a combination of Illumina short-read, PacBio long-read and Hi-C scaffolding technologies acquired a high-quality chromosome-level genome of Pc. cantorii. In this study, comparative genomic analysis between Pc. cantorii and 16 other vertebrate genomes indicated that turtles separated from the ancestor of archosaurians approximately 256.6 (95% highest posterior density interval, 263.6-251.9) million years ago (Mya) (Upper Permian to Triassic) and that Pc. cantorii separated from the ancestor of Pd. sinensis and R. swinhoei approximately 59.3 (95% highest posterior density interval, 64.3-54.3) Mya. Moreover, several candidate genes, such as VWA5A, ABCG2, A2M and IGSF1, associated with tumor suppression, growth and age were expanded, implicating their potential roles in the exceptional longevity of turtles. This new chromosome-level assembly has important scientific value in the study of conservation of Pc. cantorii and also enriches the evolutionary investigation of turtle species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Yakun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Mingzhi Li
- Guangzhou Bio & Data Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510555, China
| | - Liqin Ji
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Kaikuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
- College of Life Science and Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Chengqing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Lingyun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Xinping Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
- College of Life Science and Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xiaoyou Hong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
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Potential anti-cancer effects of hibernating common carp (Cyprinus carpio) plasma on B16-F10 murine melanoma: In vitro and in vivo studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:124058. [PMID: 36931484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is the major type of skin cancer, which its treatment is still a challenge in the world. In recent years, interest in hibernation-based therapeutic approaches for various biomedical applications has been increased. Many studies indicated that some factors in the blood plasma of hibernating animals such as alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M) cause anti-proliferative effects. Considering that, the present study was conducted to investigate the anti-cancer effects of hibernating common carp plasma (HCCP) on murine melanoma (B16-F10) in vitro and in vivo. The effect of HCCP on cell viability, migration, apoptosis rate, and cell cycle distribution of B16-F10 cells, tumor growth, and rate of survival were evaluated. To investigate the role of A2M in the anti-cancer effects of HCCP, the gene of interest and proteins in HCCP and non-hibernating common carp plasma (NHCCP) were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay as well as sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and mass spectrometry analysis. Based on our findings, HCCP significantly decreased B16-F10 cell viability. Moreover, HCCP caused morphological alternations, inhibition of migration, induction of apoptosis, and significantly induced the cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. In addition, A2M level was significantly increased in HCCP compared with NHCCP. Taken together, our findings suggested that HCCP had the potential to be a promising novel therapeutic target for cancer treatment because of its anti-cancer properties.
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Liu D, Yang F, Zhang T, Mao R. Leveraging a cuproptosis-based signature to predict the prognosis and drug sensitivity of cutaneous melanoma. J Transl Med 2023; 21:57. [PMID: 36717900 PMCID: PMC9885583 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-03891-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a vital treatment for patients with cutaneous melanoma (CM), but effective predictors to guide clinical immunotherapy are lacking. Cuproptosis is a newly discovered mode of cell death related to tumorigenesis. Exploring the relationship between the mode of cuproptosis and the effect of immunotherapy on CM could better guide clinical management. We clustered all patients with CM in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database based on cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs). Prognosis, immunotherapeutic effect, tumor microenvironment score, expression of CD274, CTLA4, and PDCD1, and abundance of CD8 + T infiltration in group A were higher than in group B. Using a combination of LASSO and COX regression analysis, we identified 10 molecules significant to prognosis from differentially expressed genes between the two groups and constructed a cuproptosis-related scoring system (CRSS). Compared with the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system, CRSS more accurately stratified CM patient risk and guided immunotherapy. CRSS successfully stratified risk and predicted the effect of immunotherapy in 869 patients with eight CM immunotherapy datasets and multiple other tumor immunotherapy cohorts. The nomogram model, which combined AJCC stage and CRSS, greatly improved the ability and accuracy of prognosis prediction. In general, our cuproptosis-related scoring system and nomogram model accurately stratified risk in CM patients and effectively predicted prognosis and the effect of immunotherapy in CM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Liu
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fan Yang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Emergency Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University School of Medicine, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- grid.460068.c0000 0004 1757 9645The Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, 610031 China ,grid.460068.c0000 0004 1757 9645Medical Research Center, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, 610031 Sichuan China
| | - Rui Mao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Lee J, Park HS, Han SR, Kang YH, Mun JY, Shin DW, Oh HW, Cho YK, Lee MS, Park J. Alpha-2-macroglobulin as a novel diagnostic biomarker for human bladder cancer in urinary extracellular vesicles. Front Oncol 2022; 12:976407. [PMID: 36176383 PMCID: PMC9513419 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.976407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from urine are promising tools for the diagnosis of urogenital cancers. Urinary EVs (uEVs) are considered potential biomarkers for bladder cancer (BC) because urine is in direct contact with the BC tumor microenvironment and thus reflects the current state of the disease. However, challenges associated with the effective isolation and analysis of uEVs complicate the clinical detection of uEV-associated protein biomarkers. Herein, we identified uEV-derived alpha-2-macroglobulin (a2M) as a novel diagnostic biomarker for BC through comparative analysis of uEVs obtained from patients with BC pre- and post-operation using an antibody array. Furthermore, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of uEVs isolated from patients with BC (n=60) and non-cancer control subjects (n=23) validated the significant upregulation of a2M expression in patient uEVs (p<0.0001). There was no significant difference in whole urine a2M levels between patients with BC and controls (p=0.317). We observed that compared to classical differential centrifugation, ExoDisc, a centrifugal microfluidic tangential flow filtration device, was a significantly more effective separation method for uEV protein analysis. We expect that our approach for EV analysis will provide an efficient route for the identification of clinically meaningful uEV-based biomarkers for cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisu Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyun Sik Park
- Department of Urology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seung Ro Han
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Eulji Biomedical Science Research Institute, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yun Hee Kang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Eulji Biomedical Science Research Institute, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ji Young Mun
- Neural Circuit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Dong Wook Shin
- Department of Family Medicine/Supportive Care Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Oh
- Core Facility Management Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yoon-Kyoung Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Myung-Shin Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Eulji Biomedical Science Research Institute, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Myung-Shin Lee, ; Jinsung Park,
| | - Jinsung Park
- Department of Urology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Urology, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Uijeongbu-si, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Myung-Shin Lee, ; Jinsung Park,
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Nian Q, Li J, Han Z, Liang Q, Liu M, Yang C, Rodrigues-Lima F, Jiang T, Zhao L, Zeng J, Liu C, Shi J. SPARC in hematologic malignancies and novel technique for hematological disease with its abnormal expression. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113519. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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10
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Lee HC, Chang CY, Huang YC, Wu KL, Chiang HH, Chang YY, Liu LX, Hung JY, Hsu YL, Wu YY, Tsai YM. Downregulated ADAMTS1 Incorporating A2M Contributes to Tumorigenesis and Alters Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Lung Adenocarcinoma. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11050760. [PMID: 35625488 PMCID: PMC9139094 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Lung cancer is the most dreadful cancer type and has the worst cancer-related clinical outcomes. This study used specimens from the in-house lung cancer cohort and public cohort to verify the roles of downregulated ADAMTS1, a protease remodeling extracellular matrix, to facilitate cancer promotion and progress. Based on the clinical specimens, cell and animal study with the aid of the public databases, we concluded that downregulated expression of ADAMTS1 might promote tumor progression and metastasis and modify the tumor microenvironment in lung cancer. Further investigation would be required for its application in treating lung cancer. Abstract Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) still holds the most dreadful clinical outcomes worldwide. Despite advanced treatment strategies, there are still some unmet needs. Next-generation sequencing of large-scale cancer genomics discovery projects combined with bioinformatics provides the opportunity to take a step forward in meeting clinical conditions. Based on in-house and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohorts, the results showed decreased levels of ADAMTS1 conferred poor survival compared with normal parts. Gene set enrichment analyses (GSEA) indicated the negative correlation between ADAMTS1 and the potential roles of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), metastasis, and poor prognosis in LUAD patients. With the knockdown of ADAMTS1, A549 lung cancer cells exhibited more aggressive behaviors such as EMT and increased migration, resulting in cancer metastasis in a mouse model. The pathway interaction network disclosed the linkage of downregulated α2-macroglobulin (A2M), which regulates EMT and metastasis. Furthermore, immune components analysis indicated a positive relationship between ADAMTS1 and the infiltrating levels of multiple immune cells, especially anticancer CD4+ T cells in LUAD. Notably, ADAMTS1 expression was also inversely correlated with the accumulation of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells, implying the downregulated ADAMTS1 mediated immune adjustment to fit the tumor survival disadvantages in LUAD patients. In conclusion, our study indicates that ADAMTS1 interacts with A2M in regulating EMT and metastasis in LUAD. Additionally, ADAMTS1 contributes to poor prognosis and immune infiltration in LUAD patients
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Chen Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-C.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-C.H.); (K.-L.W.); (L.-X.L.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yuan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-C.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-C.H.); (K.-L.W.); (L.-X.L.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Department of Anatomy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chi Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-C.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-C.H.); (K.-L.W.); (L.-X.L.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
| | - Kuan-Li Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-C.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-C.H.); (K.-L.W.); (L.-X.L.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Hung-Hsing Chiang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Yung-Yun Chang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Division of General Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Lian-Xiu Liu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-C.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-C.H.); (K.-L.W.); (L.-X.L.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
| | - Jen-Yu Hung
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-C.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-C.H.); (K.-L.W.); (L.-X.L.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-C.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-C.H.); (K.-L.W.); (L.-X.L.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yuan Wu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Ying-Ming Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-C.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (Y.-C.H.); (K.-L.W.); (L.-X.L.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Correspondence:
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11
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Bandoh B, Kyei-Baafour E, Aculley B, van der Puije W, Tornyigah B, Akyea-Mensah K, Hviid L, Ngala RA, Frempong MT, Ofori MF. Influence of α2-Macroglobulin, Anti-Parasite IgM and ABO Blood Group on Rosetting in Plasmodium falciparum Clinical Isolates and Their Associations with Disease Severity in a Ghanaian Population. J Blood Med 2022; 13:151-164. [PMID: 35330697 PMCID: PMC8939864 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s329177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The severity of Plasmodium falciparum infections is associated with the ability of the infected red blood cells to cytoadhere to host vascular endothelial surfaces and to uninfected RBCs. Host blood group antigens and two serum proteins α2-macroglobulin (α2M) and IgM have been implicated in rosette formation in laboratory-adapted P. falciparum. However, there is only limited information about these phenotypes in clinical isolates. Methods This was a hospital-based study involving children under 12 years-of-age reporting to the Hohoe Municipal Hospital with different clinical presentations of malaria. Parasite isolates were grown and rosette capabilities and characteristics were investigated by fluorescence microscopy. α2M and IgM were detected by ELISA. Results Rosette formation was observed in 46.8% (75/160) of the parasite isolates from all the blood groups tested. Rosettes were more prevalent (55%) among isolates from patients with severe malaria compared to isolates from patients with uncomplicated malaria (45%). Rosette prevalence was highest (30%) among patients with blood group O (30%) and B (29%), while the mean rosette frequency was higher in isolates from patients with blood group A (28.7). Rosette formation correlated negatively with age (r = −0.09, P= 0.008). Participants with severe malaria had a lower IgM concentration (3.683±3.553) than those with uncomplicated malaria (5.256±4.294) and the difference was significant (P= 0.0228). The mean concentrations of anti-parasite IgM measured among the clinical isolates which formed rosettes was lower (4.2 ±3.930 mg/mL), than that in the non rosetting clinical isolates (4.604 ±4.159 mg/mL) but the difference was not significant (P=0.2733). There was no significant difference in plasma α2M concentration between rosetting and non rosetting isolates (P=0.442). Conclusion P. falciparum parasite rosette formation was affected by blood group type and plasma concentration of IgM. A lower IgM concentration was associated with severe malaria whilst a higher α2M concentration was associated with uncomplicated malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Bandoh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Eric Kyei-Baafour
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Belinda Aculley
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - William van der Puije
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Bernard Tornyigah
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kwadwo Akyea-Mensah
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Lars Hviid
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Robert A Ngala
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Margaret T Frempong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Michael F Ofori
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Correspondence: Michael F Ofori, Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Post Office Box LG581, Legon, Accra, Ghana, Tel +233 244 715975, Fax +233 302 502182, Email
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12
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Zhang G, Liu X, Sun Z, Feng X, Wang H, Hao J, Zhang X. A2M is a potential core gene in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:5. [PMID: 34979994 PMCID: PMC8722218 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-09070-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a type of malignant tumor ranking the second in the incidence of primary liver cancer following hepatocellular carcinoma. Both the morbidity and mortality have been increasing in recent years. Small duct type of ICC has potential therapeutic targets. But overall, the prognosis of patients with ICC is usually very poor. Methods To search latent therapeutic targets for ICC, we programmatically selected the five most suitable microarray datasets. Then, we made an analysis of these microarray datasets (GSE26566, GSE31370, GSE32958, GSE45001 and GSE76311) collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The GEO2R tool was effective to find out differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between ICC and normal tissue. Gene Ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were executed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) v 6.8. The Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database was used to analyze protein–protein interaction of these DEGs and protein–protein interaction of these DEGs was modified by Cytoscape3.8.2. Survival analysis was performed using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) online analysis tool. Results A total of 28 upregulated DEGs and 118 downregulated DEGs were screened out. Then twenty hub genes were selected according to the connectivity degree. The survival analysis results showed that A2M was closely related to the pathogenesis and prognosis of ICC and was a potential therapeutic target for ICC. Conclusions According to our study, low A2M expression in ICC compared to normal bile duct tissue was an adverse prognostic factor in ICC patients. The value of A2M in the treatment of ICC needs to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanran Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xuyue Liu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Zhengyang Sun
- School of Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoning Feng
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Hao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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13
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Qian Z, Shang D, Fan L, Zhang J, Ji L, Chen K, Zhao R. Heterogeneity analysis of the immune microenvironment in laryngeal carcinoma revealed potential prognostic biomarkers. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 31:1487-1499. [PMID: 34791236 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell cancer (LSCC) is the second most prevalent malignancy occurring in the head and neck with a high incidence and mortality rate. Immunotherapy has recently become an emerging treatment for cancer. It is therefore essential to explore the role of tumour immunity in laryngeal cancer. Our study first delineated and evaluated the comprehensive immune infiltration landscapes of the tumour microenvironment in LSCC. A hierarchical clustering method was applied to classify the LSCC samples into two groups (high- and low-infiltration groups). We found that individuals with low immune infiltration characteristics had significantly better survival than those in the high-infiltration group, possibly because of the elevated infiltration of immune suppressive cells, such as regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), in the high-infiltration group. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between two groups were involved in some immune-related terms, such as antigen processing and presentation. A univariate Cox analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis were performed to identify an immune gene-set-based prognostic signature (IBPS) to assess the risk of LSCC. The prognostic model comprising six IBPSs was successfully verified to be robust in different cohorts. The expression of the six IBPSs was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 110 cases of LSCC. In addition, different inflammatory profiles and immune checkpoint landscape of LSCC were found between two groups. Hence, our model could serve as a candidate immunotherapeutic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for laryngeal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Qian
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China.,College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Desi Shang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China.,College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lin Fan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiarui Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Linhao Ji
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kexin Chen
- Department of Pathology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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14
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RNA binding motif 47 (RBM47): emerging roles in vertebrate development, RNA editing and cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:4493-4505. [PMID: 34499322 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04256-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are critical players in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression and are associated with each event in RNA metabolism. The term 'RNA-binding motif' (RBM) is assigned to novel RBPs with one or more RNA recognition motif (RRM) domains that are mainly involved in the nuclear processing of RNAs. RBM47 is a novel RBP conserved in vertebrates with three RRM domains whose contributions to various aspects of cellular functions are as yet emerging. Loss of RBM47 function affects head morphogenesis in zebrafish embryos and leads to perinatal lethality in mouse embryos, thereby assigning it to be an essential gene in early development of vertebrates. Its function as an essential cofactor for APOBEC1 in C to U RNA editing of several targets through substitution for A1CF in the A1CF-APOBEC1 editosome, established a new paradigm in the field. Recent advances in the understanding of its involvement in cancer progression assigned RBM47 to be a tumor suppressor that acts by inhibiting EMT and Wnt/[Formula: see text]-catenin signaling through post-transcriptional regulation. RBM47 is also required to maintain immune homeostasis, which adds another facet to its regulatory role in cellular functions. Here, we review the emerging roles of RBM47 in various biological contexts and discuss the current gaps in our knowledge alongside future perspectives for the field.
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15
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Ma J, Lin X, Wang X, Min Q, Wang T, Tang C. Reconstruction and Analysis of the Immune-Related LINC00987/A2M Axis in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:644557. [PMID: 33987201 PMCID: PMC8111304 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.644557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) participate in tumor growth and immune regulation through complex signaling pathways. However, the immune-related function of the eRNA-mRNA axis in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is unclear. Data on the expression of eRNAs and mRNAs were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas, GEO, and UCSC Xena, including LUAD, and pan-cancer clinical data and mutational information. Immune gene files were obtained from ImmLnc and ImmPort databases. Survival indices, including relapse-free and overall survival, were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier and log-rank methods. The level of immune cell infiltration, degree of tumor hypoxia, and tumor cell stemness characteristics were quantified using the single-sample gene set enrichment analysis algorithm. The immune infiltration score and infiltration degree were evaluated using the ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms. The tumor mutation burden and microsatellite instability were examined using the Spearman test. The LUAD-associated immune-related LINC00987/A2M axis was down-regulated in most cancer types, indicating poor survival and cancer progression. Immune cell infiltration was closely related to abnormal expression of the LINC00987/A2M axis, linking its expression to a possible evaluation of sensitivity to checkpoint inhibitors and response to chemotherapy. Abnormal expression of the LINC00987/A2M axis was characterized by heterogeneity in the degree of tumor hypoxia and stemness characteristics. The abnormal distribution of immune cells in LUAD was also verified through pan-cancer analysis. Comprehensive bioinformatic analysis showed that the LINC00987/A2M axis is a functional and effective tumor suppressor and biomarker for assessing the immune microenvironment and prognostic and therapeutic evaluations of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiakang Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lin
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xueting Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Qingqing Min
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tonglian Wang
- Research Center of Molecular Medicine of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Chaozhi Tang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Shepard A, Kissil JL. The use of non-traditional models in the study of cancer resistance-the case of the naked mole rat. Oncogene 2020; 39:5083-5097. [PMID: 32535616 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1355-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Non-traditional model organisms are typically defined as any model the deviates from the typical laboratory animals, such as mouse, rat, and worm. These models are becoming increasingly important in human disease research, such as cancer, as they often display unusual biological features. Naked mole rats (NMRs) are currently one of the most popular non-traditional model, particularly in the longevity and cancer research fields. NMRs display an exceptionally long lifespan (~30 years), yet have been observed to display a low incidence of cancer, making them excellent candidates for understanding endogenous cancer resistance mechanisms. Over the past decade, many potential resistance mechanisms have been characterized. These include unique biological mechanisms involved in genome stability, protein stability, oxidative metabolism, and other cellular mechanisms such as cell cycle regulation and senescence. This review aims to summarize the many identified cancer resistance mechanisms to understand some of the main hypotheses that have thus far been generated. Many of these proposed mechanisms remain to be fully characterized or confirmed in vivo, giving the field a direction to grow and further understand the complex biology displayed by the NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Shepard
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Joseph L Kissil
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA.
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17
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Proteolytic parameter changes in the plasma of patients with bladder cancer – depending on tumor stage. CURRENT ISSUES IN PHARMACY AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/cipms-2020-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a worldwide common disease with a high mortality rate. Recognizing the dynamic changes in plasma that proteases and their inhibitors undergo might be valuable in understanding the carcinogenesis of invasive bladder cancer and in identifying BC patients with poor prognosis. This study aims to determine the activity of the proteolytic enzyme system and their inhibitors in patients with BC. In this paper, the total proteolytic activity, the activity of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and serine proteases was analyzed by the method of caseinolytic activity. For detection of activity of some inhibitors of proteolysis, we used the unified method for determining the activity of alpha-1-antitrypsin (α1A) and alpha-2-Macroglobulin (α2M) in human plasma. The level of medium-mass molecules (MMM) was assessed spectrophotometrically by applying the Nikolaichik method.
The activity of MMPs was elevated in all groups of patients. Moreover, the activity of serine proteases was found to be enhanced in patients with Stage I, III and IV BC, while the activity of α1A was up by 1.4 and 1.3 times in patients with Stage I and Stage IV. The most significant increase was observed with regard to the activity of α2M in patients with I and III stages of BC. In addition, the level of MMM correlated with cancer stage. Indeed, the highest increase in the activity of protease inhibitors was observed in Stage I bladder cancer patients, which might signify their protective role at the onset of the bladder carcinogenesis. In contrast, significant growth in activity of α2M in patients with III stage of BC may point at a compensatory mechanism that inhibits tumor growth.
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Ma Q, Xu Y, Liao H, Cai Y, Xu L, Xiao D, Liu C, Pu W, Zhong X, Guo X. Identification and validation of key genes associated with non-small-cell lung cancer. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:22742-22752. [PMID: 31127628 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the main causes of death induced by cancer globally. However, the molecular aberrations in NSCLC patients remain unclearly. In the present study, four messenger RNA microarray datasets (GSE18842, GSE40275, GSE43458, and GSE102287) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between NSCLC tissues and adjacent lung tissues were obtained from GEO2R and the overlapping DEGs were identified. Moreover, functional and pathway enrichment were performed by Funrich, while the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction were obtained from STRING and hub genes were visualized and identified by Cytoscape software. Furthermore, validation, overall survival (OS) and tumor staging analysis of selected hub genes were performed by GEPIA. A total of 367 DEGs (95 upregulated and 272 downregulated) were obtained through gene integration analysis. The PPI network consisted of 94 nodes and 1036 edges in the upregulated DEGs and 272 nodes and 464 edges in the downregulated DEGs, respectively. The PPI network identified 46 upregulated and 27 downregulated hub genes among the DEGs, and six (such as CENPE, NCAPH, MYH11, LRRK2, HSD17B6, and A2M) of that have not been identified to be associated with NSCLC so far. Moreover, the expression differences of the mentioned hub genes were consistent with that in lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma in the TCGA database. Further analysis showed that all the six hub genes were associated with tumor staging except MYH11, while only the upregulated DEG CENPE was associated with the worse OS of patients with NSCLC. In conclusion, the current study showed that CENPE, NCAPH, MYH11, LRRK2, HSD17B6, and A2M might be the key genes contributed to tumorigenesis or tumor progression in NSCLC, further functional study is needed to explore the involved mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Hebin Liao
- Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yan Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Dan Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjie Pu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaowu Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolan Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
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19
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Altered CSF Proteomic Profiling of Paediatric Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients with CNS Infiltration. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:3283629. [PMID: 31186631 PMCID: PMC6521476 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3283629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background For childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), central nervous system leukemia (CNSL) is still the main reason of treatment failure. Changes of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome are deemed to occur after intrathecal chemotherapy. Objective To find critical CSF biomarkers, which could be utilized to increase diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of CNSL. Methods We performed proteomic profiling of CSF before and after the treatment of six sporadic paediatric patients diagnosed as ALL with central nervous system (CNS) involvement. CSF samples were properly processed and analyzed through the use of label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Results Among identified 428 unique proteins in all CSF samples, we quantified 10 altered proteins with diverse biological functions after induction chemotherapy. Conclusions The levels of those 10 proteins change during the treatment of CNSL. Some of the proteins are likely to play a vital biological role as biomarkers for the development of ALL. In addition, our results indicated the feasible and reproducible utility of CSF for diagnosis and prognosis of patients with CNSL.
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20
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Umaña-Pérez YA, Calderón Rodriguez SI. Estudio proteómico 2DE-DIGE en plasma sanguíneo de pacientes en etapa infantil con leucemia linfoblástica aguda. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE QUÍMICA 2019. [DOI: 10.15446/rev.colomb.quim.v48n1.75170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
En Colombia, durante la última década la leucemia linfoblástica aguda (LLA) ha sido el cáncer con mayor incidencia, siendo más del 40% de las muertes por cáncer en menores de edad atribuidas a esta enfermedad. Entre los factores que influyen en estas cifras, el diagnóstico tardío es tal vez el factor más sensible que afecta de manera negativa el éxito del tratamiento. Esta investigación se centró en el estudio del proteoma plasmático de niños colombianos diagnosticados con LLA tipo B, dada su alta incidencia, en comparación con controles en la búsqueda de proteínas que podrían tener potencialidad a ser clasificadas como biomarcadores de diagnóstico. Ahora bien, en vista de los avances en las herramientas proteómicas y de espectrometría de masas y sabiendo que son una alternativa para abordar la complejidad molecular de enfermedades como el cáncer, utilizamos una aproximación proteómica basada en una separación por electroforesis bidimensional diferencial (2DE-DIGE) con posterior separación por cromatografía líquida acoplada a espectrometría de masas en tándem. Se encontraron 8 proteínas con expresión diferencial en plasma de pacientes con LLA-B, entre las cuales resaltan la serotransferrina, la Alfa-1-antitripsina, la haptoglobina, la α2-glicoproteína de zinc y la complemento C3.
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21
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Discovering proteins for chemoprevention and chemotherapy by curcumin in liver fluke infection-induced bile duct cancer. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207405. [PMID: 30440021 PMCID: PMC6237386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulation or prevention of protein changes during the cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) process induced by Opisthorchis viverrini (Ov) infection may become a key strategy for prevention and treatment of CCA. Monitoring of such changes could lead to discovery of protein targets for CCA treatment. Curcumin exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-CCA activities partly through its protein-modulatory ability. To support the potential use of curcumin and to discover novel target molecules for CCA treatment, we used a quantitative proteomic approach to investigate the effects of curcumin on protein changes in an Ov-induced CCA-harboring hamster model. Isobaric labelling and tandem mass spectrometry were used to compare the protein expression profiles of liver tissues from CCA hamsters with or without curcumin dietary supplementation. Among the dysregulated proteins, five were upregulated in liver tissues of CCA hamsters but markedly downregulated in the CCA hamsters supplemented with curcumin: S100A6, lumican, plastin-2, 14-3-3 zeta/delta and vimentin. Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses also showed similar expression patterns of these proteins in liver tissues of hamsters in the CCA and CCA + curcumin groups. Proteins such as clusterin and S100A10, involved in the NF-κB signaling pathway, an important signaling cascade involved in CCA genesis, were also upregulated in CCA hamsters and were then suppressed by curcumin treatment. Taken together, our results demonstrate the important changes in the proteome during the genesis of O. viverrini-induced CCA and provide an insight into the possible protein targets for prevention and treatment of this cancer.
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22
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Lagunas-Rangel FA. Cancer-free aging: Insights from Spalax ehrenbergi superspecies. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 47:18-23. [PMID: 29913210 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cancer and ageing can be regarded as two different manifestations of the same underlying process-accumulation of cellular damage-and therefore both are closely linked. Nowadays, the ageing of populations worldwide is leading to an unprecedented increase in cancer cases and fatalities, and therefore the understanding of links between cancer and ageing is more important than ever. Spalax is considered an excellent model for ageing and, additionally, for cancer research, due to not show clear age-related phenotypic changes and not develop spontaneous tumours, despite its relatively long lifespan (∼20 years in captivity). Thereby, the purpose of this review is to summarize the recent knowledge on Spalax, with a particular emphasis on the molecular mechanisms associated with their longevity and cancer resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Alejandro Lagunas-Rangel
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico.
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23
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Irradiation of pediatric glioblastoma cells promotes radioresistance and enhances glioma malignancy via genome-wide transcriptome changes. Oncotarget 2018; 9:34122-34131. [PMID: 30344926 PMCID: PMC6183347 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric glioblastoma (GBM) is a relatively rare brain tumor in children that has a dismal prognosis. Surgery followed by radiotherapy is the main treatment protocol used for older patients. The benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy is still limited due to a poor understanding of the underlying molecular and genetic changes that occur with irradiation of the tumor. In this study, we performed total RNA sequencing on an established stable radioresistant pediatric GBM cell line to identify mRNA expression changes following radiation. The expression of many genes was altered in the radioresistant pediatric GBM model. These genes have never before been reported to be associated with the development of radioresistant GBM. In addition to exhibiting an accelerated growth rate, radioresistant GBM cells also have overexpression of the DNA synthesis-rate-limiting enzyme ribonucleotide reductase, and pro-cathepsin B. These newly identified genes should be concertedly studied to better understand their role in pediatric GBM recurrence and progression after radiation. It was observed that the changes in multiple biological pathways protected GBM cells against radiation and transformed them to a more malignant form. These changes emphasize the importance of developing a treatment regimen that consists of a multiple-agent cocktail that acts on multiple implicated pathways to effectively target irradiated pediatric GBM. An alternative to radiation or a novel therapy that targets differentially expressed genes, such as metalloproteases, growth factors, and oncogenes and aim to minimize oncogenic changes following radiation is necessary to improve recurrent GBM survival.
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24
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Borlak J, Länger F, Chatterji B. Serum proteome mapping of EGF transgenic mice reveal mechanistic biomarkers of lung cancer precursor lesions with clinical significance for human adenocarcinomas. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:3122-3144. [PMID: 29960043 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) of the lung is a pre-invasive lesion (PL) with high risk of progression to lung cancer (LC). However, the pathways involved are uncertain. We searched for novel mechanistic biomarkers of AAH in an EGF transgenic disease model of lung cancer. Disease regulated proteins were validated by Western immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of control and morphologically altered respiratory epithelium. Translational work involved clinical resection material. Collectively, 68 unique serum proteins were identified by 2DE-MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and 13 reached statistical significance (p < 0.05). EGF, amphiregulin and the EGFR endosomal sorting protein VPS28 were induced up to 5-fold while IHC confirmed strong induction of these proteins. Furthermore, ApoA1, α-2-macroglobulin, and vitamin-D binding protein were nearly 6- and 2-fold upregulated in AAH; however, ApoA1 was oppositely regulated in LC to evidence disease stage dependent regulation of this tumour suppressor. Conversely, plasminogen and transthyretin were highly significantly repressed by 3- and 20-fold. IHC confirmed induced ApoA1, Fetuin-B and transthyretin expression to influence calcification, inflammation and tumour-infiltrating macrophages. Moreover, serum ApoA4, ApoH and ApoM were 2-, 2- and 6-fold repressed; however tissue ApoM and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor expression was markedly induced to suggest a critical role of sphingosine-1-phosphate signalling in PL and malignant transformation. Finally, a comparison of three different LC models revealed common and unique serum biomarkers mechanistically linked to EGFR, cMyc and cRaf signalling. Their validation by IHC on clinical resection material established relevance for distinct human lung pathologies. In conclusion, we identified mechanistic biomarker candidates recommended for in-depth clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Borlak
- Hannover Medical School, Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Florian Länger
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Pathology, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Bijon Chatterji
- Hannover Medical School, Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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25
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Kurz S, Thieme R, Amberg R, Groth M, Jahnke HG, Pieroh P, Horn LC, Kolb M, Huse K, Platzer M, Volke D, Dehghani F, Buzdin A, Engel K, Robitzki A, Hoffmann R, Gockel I, Birkenmeier G. The anti-tumorigenic activity of A2M-A lesson from the naked mole-rat. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189514. [PMID: 29281661 PMCID: PMC5744951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer resistance is a major cause for longevity of the naked mole-rat. Recent liver transcriptome analysis in this animal compared to wild-derived mice revealed higher expression of alpha2-macroglobulin (A2M) and cell adhesion molecules, which contribute to the naked mole-rat’s cancer resistance. Notably, A2M is known to dramatically decrease with age in humans. We hypothesize that this might facilitate tumour development. Here we found that A2M modulates tumour cell adhesion, migration and growth by inhibition of tumour promoting signalling pathways, e.g. PI3K / AKT, SMAD and up-regulated PTEN via down-regulation of miR-21, in vitro and in tumour xenografts. A2M increases the expression of CD29 and CD44 but did not evoke EMT. Transcriptome analysis of A2M-treated tumour cells, xenografts and mouse liver demonstrated a multifaceted regulation of tumour promoting signalling pathways indicating a less tumorigenic environment mediated by A2M. By virtue of these multiple actions the naturally occurring A2M has strong potential as a novel therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Kurz
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, Leipzig, Germany
| | - René Thieme
- Department of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ronny Amberg
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marco Groth
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Heinz-Georg Jahnke
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Philipp Pieroh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Lars-Christian Horn
- Institute of Pathology, Division of Breast, Gynaecological and Perinatal Pathology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marlen Kolb
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Klaus Huse
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Platzer
- Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Daniela Volke
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Faramarz Dehghani
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anton Buzdin
- Pharmaceutical Artificial Intelligence Department, Insilico Medicine, Inc., Emerging Technology Centers, Johns Hopkins University at Eastern, B301, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Pathway Engineering for Cancer Research, OmicsWay Corp., Walnut, CA, United States of America
- National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Centre for Convergence of Nano-, Bio-, Information and Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, 1, Akademika Kurchatova sq., Moscow, Russia
| | - Kathrin Engel
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andrea Robitzki
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ralf Hoffmann
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ines Gockel
- Department of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gerd Birkenmeier
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, Leipzig, Germany
- * E-mail:
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26
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Gonias SL, Karimi-Mostowfi N, Murray SS, Mantuano E, Gilder AS. Expression of LDL receptor-related proteins (LRPs) in common solid malignancies correlates with patient survival. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186649. [PMID: 29088295 PMCID: PMC5663383 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
LDL receptor-related proteins (LRPs) are transmembrane receptors involved in endocytosis, cell-signaling, and trafficking of other cellular proteins. Considerable work has focused on LRPs in the fields of vascular biology and neurobiology. How these receptors affect cancer progression in humans remains largely unknown. Herein, we mined provisional databases in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to compare expression of thirteen LRPs in ten common solid malignancies in patients. Our first goal was to determine the abundance of LRP mRNAs in each type of cancer. Our second goal was to determine whether expression of LRPs is associated with improved or worsened patient survival. In total, data from 4,629 patients were mined. In nine of ten cancers studied, the most abundantly expressed LRP was LRP1; however, a correlation between LRP1 mRNA expression and patient survival was observed only in bladder urothelial carcinoma. In this malignancy, high levels of LRP1 mRNA were associated with worsened patient survival. High levels of LDL receptor (LDLR) mRNA were associated with decreased patient survival in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. High levels of LRP10 mRNA were associated with decreased patient survival in hepatocellular carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. LRP2 was the only LRP for which high levels of mRNA expression correlated with improved patient survival. This correlation was observed in renal clear cell carcinoma. Insights into LRP gene expression in human cancers and their effects on patient survival should guide future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven L. Gonias
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Nicki Karimi-Mostowfi
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Sarah S. Murray
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Elisabetta Mantuano
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- The Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrew S. Gilder
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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27
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Schmidt H, Malik A, Bicker A, Poetzsch G, Avivi A, Shams I, Hankeln T. Hypoxia tolerance, longevity and cancer-resistance in the mole rat Spalax - a liver transcriptomics approach. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14348. [PMID: 29084988 PMCID: PMC5662568 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13905-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The blind subterranean mole rat Spalax shows a remarkable tolerance to hypoxia, cancer-resistance and longevity. Unravelling the genomic basis of these adaptations will be important for biomedical applications. RNA-Seq gene expression data were obtained from normoxic and hypoxic Spalax and rat liver tissue. Hypoxic Spalax broadly downregulates genes from major liver function pathways. This energy-saving response is likely a crucial adaptation to low oxygen levels. In contrast, the hypoxia-sensitive rat shows massive upregulation of energy metabolism genes. Candidate genes with plausible connections to the mole rat’s phenotype, such as important key genes related to hypoxia-tolerance, DNA damage repair, tumourigenesis and ageing, are substantially higher expressed in Spalax than in rat. Comparative liver transcriptomics highlights the importance of molecular adaptations at the gene regulatory level in Spalax and pinpoints a variety of starting points for subsequent functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanno Schmidt
- Molecular Genetics and Genome Analysis, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Johann Joachim Becher-Weg 30 A, D-55128, Mainz, Germany.,Genomic Evolution and Climate, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), D-60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Assaf Malik
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, 31905, Israel
| | - Anne Bicker
- Molecular Genetics and Genome Analysis, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Johann Joachim Becher-Weg 30 A, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gesa Poetzsch
- Molecular Genetics and Genome Analysis, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Johann Joachim Becher-Weg 30 A, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Aaron Avivi
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, 31905, Israel
| | - Imad Shams
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, 31905, Israel.
| | - Thomas Hankeln
- Molecular Genetics and Genome Analysis, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Johann Joachim Becher-Weg 30 A, D-55128, Mainz, Germany.
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28
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Modulation of GLO1 Expression Affects Malignant Properties of Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122133. [PMID: 27999356 PMCID: PMC5187933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The energy metabolism of most tumor cells relies on aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) characterized by an increased glycolytic flux that is accompanied by the increased formation of the cytotoxic metabolite methylglyoxal (MGO). Consequently, the rate of detoxification of this reactive glycolytic byproduct needs to be increased in order to prevent deleterious effects to the cells. This is brought about by an increased expression of glyoxalase 1 (GLO1) that is the rate-limiting enzyme of the MGO-detoxifying glyoxalase system. Here, we overexpressed GLO1 in HEK 293 cells and silenced it in MCF-7 cells using shRNA. Tumor-related properties of wild type and transformed cells were compared and key glycolytic enzyme activities assessed. Furthermore, the cells were subjected to hypoxic conditions to analyze the impact on cell proliferation and enzyme activities. Our results demonstrate that knockdown of GLO1 in the cancer cells significantly reduced tumor-associated properties such as migration and proliferation, whereas no functional alterations where found by overexpression of GLO1 in HEK 293 cells. In contrast, hypoxia caused inhibition of cell growth of all cells except of those overexpressing GLO1. Altogether, we conclude that GLO1 on one hand is crucial to maintaining tumor characteristics of malignant cells, and, on the other hand, supports malignant transformation of cells in a hypoxic environment when overexpressed.
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29
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Birkenmeier G, Hemdan NYA, Kurz S, Bigl M, Pieroh P, Debebe T, Buchold M, Thieme R, Wichmann G, Dehghani F. Ethyl Pyruvate Combats Human Leukemia Cells but Spares Normal Blood Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161571. [PMID: 27579985 PMCID: PMC5006986 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethyl pyruvate, a known ROS scavenger and anti-inflammatory drug was found to combat leukemia cells. Tumor cell killing was achieved by concerted action of necrosis/apoptosis induction, ATP depletion, and inhibition of glycolytic and para-glycolytic enzymes. Ethyl lactate was less harmful to leukemia cells but was found to arrest cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase. Both, ethyl pyruvate and ethyl lactate were identified as new inhibitors of GSK-3β. Despite the strong effect of ethyl pyruvate on leukemia cells, human cognate blood cells were only marginally affected. The data were compiled by immune blotting, flow cytometry, enzyme activity assay and gene array analysis. Our results inform new mechanisms of ethyl pyruvate-induced cell death, offering thereby a new treatment regime with a high therapeutic window for leukemic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Birkenmeier
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Nasr Y. A. Hemdan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susanne Kurz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marina Bigl
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Philipp Pieroh
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tewodros Debebe
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Martin Buchold
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rene Thieme
- University Medical Center, Department of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 19, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gunnar Wichmann
- ENT-Research Lab, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Faramarz Dehghani
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097 Halle (Saale), Germany
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30
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Abstract
Many cancers have similar aberrations in various signaling cascades with crucial roles in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and morphogenesis. Dysregulation of signal cascades that play integral roles during early cellular development is well known to be a central feature of many malignancies. One such signaling cascade is the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which has a profound effect on stem cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. This pathway is dysregulated in numerous cell types, underscoring its global oncogenetic potential. This review highlights regulators and downstream effectors of this receptor cascade and addresses the increasingly apparent crosstalk of Wnt with other tumorigenic signaling pathways. As understanding of the genetic and epigenetic changes unique to these malignancies increases, identifying the regulatory mechanisms unique to the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and similarly aberrant receptor pathways will be imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saint-Aaron L Morris
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Suyun Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Cancer Biology, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 6767 Bertner Avenue, Mitchell Building BSRB S3.8344, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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31
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Hempel M, Schmitz A, Winkler S, Kucukoglu O, Brückner S, Niessen C, Christ B. Pathological implications of cadherin zonation in mouse liver. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:2599-612. [PMID: 25687506 PMCID: PMC11113307 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1861-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Both acute and chronic liver diseases are associated with ample re-modeling of the liver parenchyma leading to functional impairment, which is thus obviously the cause or the consequence of the disruption of the epithelial integrity. It was, therefore, the aim of this study to investigate the distribution of the adherens junction components E- and N-cadherin, which are important determinants of tissue cohesion. E-cadherin was expressed in periportal but not in perivenous hepatocytes. In contrast, N-cadherin was more enriched towards the perivenous hepatocytes. In agreement, β-catenin, which links both cadherins via α-catenin to the actin cytoskeleton, was expressed ubiquitously. This zonal expression of cadherins was preserved in acute liver injury after treatment with acetaminophen or partial hepatectomy, but disrupted in chronic liver damage like in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) or α1-antitrypsin deficiency. Hepatocyte proliferation during acetaminophen-induced liver damage was predominant at the boundary between the damaged perivenous and the intact periportal parenchyma indicating a minor contribution of periportal hepatocytes to liver regeneration. In NASH livers, an oval cell reaction was observed pointing to massive tissue damage coinciding with the gross impairment of hepatocyte proliferation. In the liver parenchyma, metabolic functions are distributed heterogeneously. For example, the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and E-cadherin overlapped in periportal hepatocytes. Thus, during liver regeneration after acute damage, the intact periportal parenchyma might sustain essential metabolic support like glucose supply or ammonia detoxification. However, disruption of epithelial integrity during chronic challenges may increase susceptibility to metabolic liver diseases such as NASH or vice versa. This might suggest the regulatory integration of tissue cohesion and metabolic functions in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madlen Hempel
- Applied Molecular Hepatology Lab, Department of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Annika Schmitz
- Department of Dermatology, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sandra Winkler
- Applied Molecular Hepatology Lab, Department of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ozlem Kucukoglu
- Applied Molecular Hepatology Lab, Department of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine (TRM), Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sandra Brückner
- Applied Molecular Hepatology Lab, Department of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carien Niessen
- Department of Dermatology, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bruno Christ
- Applied Molecular Hepatology Lab, Department of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine (TRM), Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Thieme R, Kurz S, Kolb M, Debebe T, Holtze S, Morhart M, Huse K, Szafranski K, Platzer M, Hildebrandt TB, Birkenmeier G. Analysis of Alpha-2 Macroglobulin from the Long-Lived and Cancer-Resistant Naked Mole-Rat and Human Plasma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130470. [PMID: 26103567 PMCID: PMC4477878 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The naked mole-rat (NMR) is a long-lived and cancer resistant species. Identification of potential anti-cancer and age related mechanisms is of great interest and makes this species eminent to investigate anti-cancer strategies and understand aging mechanisms. Since it is known that the NMR expresses higher liver mRNA-levels of alpha 2-macroglobulin than mice, nothing is known about its structure, functionality or expression level in the NMR compared to the human A2M. Results Here we show a comprehensive analysis of NMR- and human plasma-A2M, showing a different prediction in glycosylation of NMR-A2M, which results in a higher molecular weight compared to human A2M. Additionally, we found a higher concentration of A2M (8.3±0.44 mg/mL vs. and 4.4±0.20 mg/mL) and a lower total plasma protein content (38.7±1.79 mg/mL vs. 61.7±3.20 mg/mL) in NMR compared to human. NMR-A2M can be transformed by methylamine and trypsin resulting in a conformational change similar to human A2M. NMR-A2M is detectable by a polyclonal antibody against human A2M. Determination of tryptic and anti-tryptic activity of NMR and human plasma revealed a higher anti-tryptic activity of the NMR plasma. On the other hand, less proteolytic activity was found in NMR plasma compared to human plasma. Conclusion We found transformed NMR-A2M binding to its specific receptor LRP1. We could demonstrate lower protein expression of LRP1 in the NMR liver tissue compared to human but higher expression of A2M. This was accompanied by a higher EpCAM protein expression as central adhesion molecule in cancer progression. NMR-plasma was capable to increase the adhesion in human fibroblast in vitro most probably by increasing CD29 protein expression. This is the first report, demonstrating similarities as well as distinct differences between A2M in NMR and human plasma. This might be directly linked to the intriguing phenotype of the NMR and suggests that A2M might probably play an important role in anti-cancer and the anti-aging mechanisms in the NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Thieme
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susanne Kurz
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marlen Kolb
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tewodros Debebe
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susanne Holtze
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michaela Morhart
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Huse
- Fritz Lipmann Institute–Leibniz Institute for Age Research, Jena, Germany
| | - Karol Szafranski
- Fritz Lipmann Institute–Leibniz Institute for Age Research, Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Platzer
- Fritz Lipmann Institute–Leibniz Institute for Age Research, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas B. Hildebrandt
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerd Birkenmeier
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Ueberham E, Glöckner P, Göhler C, Straub BK, Teupser D, Schönig K, Braeuning A, Höhn AK, Jerchow B, Birchmeier W, Gaunitz F, Arendt T, Sansom O, Gebhardt R, Ueberham U. Global increase of p16INK4a in APC-deficient mouse liver drives clonal growth of p16INK4a-negative tumors. Mol Cancer Res 2015; 13:239-49. [PMID: 25270420 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-14-0278-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Reduction of β-catenin (CTNNB1) destroying complex components, for example, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), induces β-catenin signaling and subsequently triggers activation of genes involved in proliferation and tumorigenesis. Though diminished expression of APC has organ-specific and threshold-dependent influence on the development of liver tumors in mice, the molecular basis is poorly understood. Therefore, a detailed investigation was conducted to determine the underlying mechanism in the development of liver tumors under reduced APC levels. Mouse liver at different developmental stages was analyzed in terms of β-catenin target genes including Cyp2e1, Glul, and Ihh using real-time RT-PCR, reporter gene assays, and immunohistologic methods with consideration of liver zonation. Data from human livers with mutations in APC derived from patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) were also included. Hepatocyte senescence was investigated by determining p16(INK4a) expression level, presence of senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, and assessing ploidy. A β-catenin activation of hepatocytes does not always result in β-catenin positive but unexpectedly also in mixed and β-catenin-negative tumors. In summary, a senescence-inducing program was found in hepatocytes with increased β-catenin levels and a positive selection of hepatocytes lacking p16(INK4a), by epigenetic silencing, drives the development of liver tumors in mice with reduced APC expression (Apc(580S) mice). The lack of p16(INK4a) was also detected in liver tumors of mice with triggers other than APC reduction. IMPLICATIONS Epigenetic silencing of p16(Ink4a) in selected liver cells bypassing senescence is a general principle for development of liver tumors with β-catenin involvement in mice independent of the initial stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Ueberham
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. Department of Cell Engineering/GLP, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Pia Glöckner
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration, University of Leipzig, Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claudia Göhler
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Beate K Straub
- Institute of Pathology, University Clinic, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Teupser
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kai Schönig
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Albert Braeuning
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Boris Jerchow
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | | | - Frank Gaunitz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Arendt
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration, University of Leipzig, Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Owen Sansom
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Rolf Gebhardt
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uwe Ueberham
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration, University of Leipzig, Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, Leipzig, Germany.
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Lin L, Hu K. LRP-1: functions, signaling and implications in kidney and other diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:22887-901. [PMID: 25514242 PMCID: PMC4284744 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151222887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-related protein-1 (LRP-1) is a member of LDL receptor family that is implicated in lipoprotein metabolism and in the homeostasis of proteases and protease inhibitors. Expression of LRP-1 is ubiquitous. Up-regulation of LRP-1 has been reported in numerous human diseases. In addition to its function as a scavenger receptor for various ligands, LRP-1 has been shown to transduce multiple intracellular signal pathways including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Akt, Rho, and the integrin signaling. LRP-1 signaling plays an important role in the regulation of diverse cellular process, such as cell proliferation, survival, motility, differentiation, and transdifferentiation, and thus participates in the pathogenesis of organ dysfunction and injury. In this review, we focus on the current understanding of LRP-1 signaling and its roles in the development and progression of kidney disease. The role and signaling of LRP-1 in the nervous and cardiovascular systems, as well as in carcinogenesis, are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Penn State University, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - Kebin Hu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Penn State University, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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Abstract
In this review the author summarizes the knowledge related to structural elements of bone tissue. The process of bone reorganisation and knowledge about the special feature of bone metabolism in human are also discussed. It is noted that due to the reorganisation, there is a complete renewal of bone tissue in every 10 years, and this renewal lasts throughout the life. However, there are life periods when osteoclast activity is low, e.g. in childhood and the second decade of life when the gain of bone mass may be as much as 40% of the final bone mass. Overactivity of osteoclasts occurs at age 60 years in men and somewhat earlier in women. Reorganization of bone tissue is an elementary requirement for the physiological functions (locomotion, hemopoiesis, immune functions). The RANK-RANKL-osteoprotegerin axis plays an important role in the regulation of bone metabolism. Bone mass is dependent on osteocytes; osteoblasts are building up while osteoclasts are reabsorbing bone tissue. In this process transcription factors, hormone-like substances and a large number of cytokines are involved. In addition, the inflammatory process within the bone tissue as well as the defending, reparative inflammation and specific immune response are of great importance in bone reorganisation. This is particularly valid for α2-macroglobulin and transforming growth factor, although the exact role in bone reorganization has not been fully explored. It can be concluded that the elements, which participate in bone reorganization and in defending inflammatory and specific immunological processes, are essentially identical. Therefore, the existence of an osteo-immunological complex system has been emerged. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(40), 1575–1583.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lajos Jakab
- Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar III. Belgyógyászati Klinika Budapest Kútvölgyi út 4. 1125
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Lin Z, Yin H, Lo A, Ruffin MT, Anderson MA, Simeone DM, Lubman DM. Label-free relative quantification of alpha-2-macroglobulin site-specific core-fucosylation in pancreatic cancer by LC-MS/MS. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:2108-15. [PMID: 24285556 PMCID: PMC4035462 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We describe a label-free relative quantification LC-MS/MS method for core-fucosylation in alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2MG) immunoprecipitated from human sera. The method utilizes endoglycosidase F partial deglycosylation to reduce glycosylation microheterogeneity, while retaining the innermost N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and core fucose. Precursor ion peak areas of partially deglycosylated peptides were obtained and site-specific core-fucosylation ratios based on the peak areas of core-fucosylated and nonfucosylated counterparts were calculated and evaluated for assay development. This assay was applied in a preliminary study of sera samples from normal controls and patients with pancreatic diseases, including pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis. A2MG fucosylation levels at sites N396 and N1424 were found to decrease in both chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer compared to normal controls. The two sites were identified by two peptides and their core-fucosylation ratios were found to be internally consistent. This method provides a platform to quantify fucosylation levels and can be used to study site-specific core-fucosylation aberrations in other glycoproteins for other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Michigan
| | - Haidi Yin
- Department of Surgery, The University of Michigan Medical Center
| | - Andy Lo
- Department of Surgery, The University of Michigan Medical Center
| | - Mack T. Ruffin
- Department of Family Medicine, The University of Michigan Medical Center
| | - Michelle A. Anderson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, The University of Michigan Medical Center
| | - Diane M. Simeone
- Department of Surgery, The University of Michigan Medical Center
| | - David M. Lubman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Michigan
- Department of Surgery, The University of Michigan Medical Center
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37
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Onoda T, Kanno M, Sato H, Takahashi N, Izumino H, Ohta H, Emura T, Katoh H, Ohizumi H, Ohtake H, Asao H, Dehner LP, Hill AD, Hayasaka K, Mitsui T. Identification of novel ALK rearrangement A2M-ALK in a neonate with fetal lung interstitial tumor. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2014; 53:865-74. [PMID: 24965693 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal lung interstitial tumor (FLIT) is a recently reported type of congenital lung lesion comprising solid and cystic components. The pathological features include unique interstitial mesenchyme-based cell proliferation, and differ from other neoplasms represented by pleuropulmonary blastoma or congenital peribronchial myofibroblastic tumor. FLIT is extremely rare and its gene expression profile has not yet been reported. We provide the first report of a novel chromosomal rearrangement resulting in α-2-macroglobulin (A2M) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene fusion in a patient with FLIT. The tumor cells contained a t(2;12)(p23;p13) and were mesenchymal in origin (e.g., inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors), suggesting the involvement of ALK in this case of FLIT. Break apart fluorescence in situ hybridization demonstrated chromosomal rearrangement at ALK 2p23. Using 5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends, we further identified a novel transcript fusing exon 22 of A2M to exon 19 of ALK, which was confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. The corresponding chimeric gene was subsequently confirmed by sequencing, including the genomic break point between intron 22 and 18 of A2M and ALK, respectively. Discovery of A2M as a novel ALK fusion partner, together with the involvement of ALK, provides new insights into the pathogenesis of FLIT, and suggests the potential for new therapeutic strategies based on ALK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Onoda
- Department of Pediatrics, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan; Department of Immunology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
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Wu B, Li C, Du Z, Yao Q, Wu J, Feng L, Zhang P, Li S, Xu L, Li E. Network based analyses of gene expression profile of LCN2 overexpression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5403. [PMID: 24954627 PMCID: PMC4066265 DOI: 10.1038/srep05403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
LCN2 (lipocalin 2) is a member of the lipocalin family of proteins that transport small, hydrophobic ligands. LCN2 is elevated in various cancers including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In this study, LCN2 was overexpressed in the EC109 ESCC cell line and we applied integrated analyses of the gene expression data to identify protein-protein interactions (PPI) network to enhance our understanding of the role of LCN2 in ESCC. Through further mining of PPI sub-networks, hundreds of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified to interact with thousands of other proteins. Subcellular localization analyses found the DEGs and their directly or indirectly interacting proteins distributed in multiple layers, which was applied to analyze the possible paths between two DEGs. Gene Ontology annotation generated a functional annotation map and found hundreds of significant terms, especially those associated with the known and potential roles of LCN2 protein. The algorithm of Random Walk with Restart was applied to prioritize the DEGs and identified several cancer-related DEGs ranked closest to LCN2 protein. These analyses based on PPI network have greatly expanded our understanding of the mRNA expression profile of LCN2 overexpression for future examination of the roles and mechanisms of LCN2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingli Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou515041, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Chunquan Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou515041, China
- College of Medical Informatics, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing163319, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Zepeng Du
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou515041, China
| | - Qianlan Yao
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin150081, China
| | - Jianyi Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou515041, China
| | - Li Feng
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin150081, China
| | - Pixian Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou515041, China
| | - Shang Li
- College of Medical Informatics, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing163319, China
| | - Liyan Xu
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou515041, China
| | - Enmin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou515041, China
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Kang HS, Kim J, Lee HJ, Kwon BM, Lee DK, Hong SH. LRP1-dependent pepsin clearance induced by 2'-hydroxycinnamaldehyde attenuates breast cancer cell invasion. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 53:15-23. [PMID: 24796846 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
2'-Hydroxycinnamaldehyde inhibits breast cancer cell invasion. This study examined whether 2'-hydroxycinnamaldehyde, acting as a Michael acceptor, interferes with the ligand binding of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 to mediate breast cancer cell invasion. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1, one of the direct molecular targets of 2'-hydroxycinnamaldehyde, is a multifunctional endocytic receptor. Changes in the thiol oxidation status of cell surface receptor proteins may function as a molecular switch, influencing ligand(s) binding. The oxidation status of extracellular cysteine thiol groups in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells was examined using a fluorescence-activated cell sorter with thiol-specific fluorescent probes; Matrigel invasion and wound-healing assays were performed to determine the effects of 2'-hydroxycinnamaldehyde on in vitro cell migration. The molecular mechanisms by which 2'-hydroxycinnamaldehyde acts were evaluated by transient knockdown using siRNA or inhibition of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 by receptor-associated protein treatment. 2'-Hydroxycinnamaldehyde increased α-2-macroglobulin binding to low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1, which was alleviated by pretreatment of cells with N-acetylcystein. 2'-Hydroxycinnamaldehyde decreased the extracellular pepsin concentration significantly in a low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1- and α-2-macroglobulin-dependent manner. The anti-invasive effect of 2'-hydroxycinnamaldehyde was mitigated with receptor-associated protein pretreatment, suggesting that low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 is essential for the effects of 2'-hydroxycinnamaldehyde. From these data, we suggest that 2'-hydroxycinnamaldehyde increases the cysteine thiol oxidation status of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 extracellular domains, which results in α-2-macroglobulin ligand binding stimulation. Therefore, pepsin clearance in a low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1-α-2-macroglobulin-dependent manner might be an important molecular mechanism in 2'-hydroxycinnamaldehyde exerting its anti-invasive action on breast cancer cells. Furthermore, our data may provide an opportunity to promote the importance of the thiol oxidation status of cell surface receptor proteins for regulating cellular signaling pathways that are important in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Suk Kang
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, South Korea; Global Research Laboratory for RNAi Medicine, Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea
| | - JinKyoung Kim
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, South Korea
| | - Heon-Jin Lee
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, South Korea
| | - Byoung-Mog Kwon
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology in Korea, Daejon 305-806, South Korea
| | - Dong-Ki Lee
- Global Research Laboratory for RNAi Medicine, Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea
| | - Su-Hyung Hong
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, South Korea.
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Baunacke M, Horn LC, Trettner S, Engel KMY, Hemdan NYA, Wiechmann V, Stolzenburg JU, Bigl M, Birkenmeier G. Exploring glyoxalase 1 expression in prostate cancer tissues: targeting the enzyme by ethyl pyruvate defangs some malignancy-associated properties. Prostate 2014; 74:48-60. [PMID: 24105621 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The glyoxalase (GLO)1 is part of a ubiquitous detoxification system in the glycolytic pathway of normal and tumor cells. It protects against cellular damage caused by cytotoxic metabolites. METHODS Aiming at exploring the role of GLO1 in prostate cancer, we evaluated and targeted the expression of GLO1 in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines and analyzed its correlation with grading systems and tumor growth indices. RESULTS Immunohistochemical studies on 37 prostate cancer specimens revealed a positive correlation between Helpap-grading and the cytoplasmic (P = 0.002)/nuclear (P = 0.006) GLO1 level. A positive correlation between Ki-67 proliferation marker and the cytoplasmic GLO1 (P = 0.006) was evident. Furthermore, the highest GLO1 level was detected in the androgen-sensitive LNCaP compared to the androgen-independent Du-145 and PC-3 prostate cell lines and the breast cancer cell MCF-7, both at protein and mRNA level. Treating cancer cells with ethyl pyruvate was found to defang some malignancy-associated properties of cancer cells including proliferation, invasion and anchorage-independent growth. In vitro results revealed that the potency of ethyl pyruvate is increased when cells are metabolically activated by growth stimulators, for example, by fetal calf serum, dihydrotestosterone, tumor growth factor-β1 and leptin. CONCLUSIONS The positive correlation of GLO1 expression level in prostate cancer tissues with the pathological grade and proliferation rate may assign GLO1 as a risk factor for prostate cancer development and progression. Furthermore, our data indicate that inhibitors of GLO1 might be useful to decelerate the cancer cell growth by a novel therapeutic approach that we may call "induced metabolic catastrophe."
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Baunacke
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Kodavanti UP, Andrews D, Schladweiler MC, Gavett SH, Dodd DE, Cyphert JM. Early and delayed effects of naturally occurring asbestos on serum biomarkers of inflammation and metabolism. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2014; 77:1024-1039. [PMID: 25072823 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2014.899171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Studies recently showed that intratracheal (IT) instillation of Libby amphibole (LA) increases circulating acute-phase proteins (APP; α-2 macroglobulin, A2M; and α-1 acid glycoprotein, AGP) and inflammatory biomarkers (osteopontin and lipocalin) in rats. In this study, objectives were to (1) compare changes in biomarkers of rats after instillation of different naturally occurring asbestos (NOA) minerals including LA, Sumas Mountain chrysotile (SM), El Dorado Hills tremolite (ED), and Ontario ferroactinolite cleavage fragments (ON), and (2) examine biomarkers after subchronic LA or amosite inhalation exposure. Rat-respirable fractions (aerodynamic diameter approximately 2.5 μm) prepared by water elutriation were delivered via a single IT instillation at doses of 0, 0.5, and 1.5 mg/rat in male F344 rats. Nose-only inhalation exposures were performed at 0, 1, 3.3, and 10 mg/m(3) for LA and at 3.3 mg /m(3) for amosite, 6h/d, 5 d/wk for 13 wk. Inflammation, metabolic syndrome, and cancer biomarkers were analyzed in the serum for up to 18 mo. IT instillation of some asbestos materials significantly increased serum AGP and A2M but to a varying degree (SM = LA > ON = ED). Numerical increases in interleukin (IL)-6 and osteopontin occurred in rats instilled with SM. SM and ED also elevated leptin and insulin at 15 mo, suggesting potential metabolic effects. LA inhalation tended to raise A2M at d 1 but not cytokines. Serum mesothelin appeared to elevate after 18 mo of LA inhalation. These results suggest that the lung injury induced by high levels of asbestos materials may be associated with systemic inflammatory changes and predisposition to insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urmila P Kodavanti
- a Cardiopulmonary and Immunotoxicology Branch, Environmental Public Health Division , National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina , USA
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Hutschenreuther A, Birkenmeier G, Bigl M, Krohn K, Birkemeyer C. Glycerophosphoglycerol, Beta-alanine, and pantothenic Acid as metabolic companions of glycolytic activity and cell migration in breast cancer cell lines. Metabolites 2013; 3:1084-101. [PMID: 24958267 PMCID: PMC3937838 DOI: 10.3390/metabo3041084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In cancer research, cell lines are used to explore the molecular basis of the disease as a substitute to tissue biopsies. Breast cancer in particular is a very heterogeneous type of cancer, and different subgroups of cell lines have been established according to their genomic profiles and tumor characteristics. We applied GCMS metabolite profiling to five selected breast cancer cell lines and found this heterogeneity reflected on the metabolite level as well. Metabolite profiles of MCF-7 cells belonging to the luminal gene cluster proved to be more different from those of the basal A cell line JIMT-1 and the basal B cell lines MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435, and MDA-MB-436 with only slight differences in the intracellular metabolite pattern. Lactate release into the cultivation medium as an indicator of glycolytic activity was correlated to the metabolite profiles and physiological characteristics of each cell line. In conclusion, pantothenic acid, beta-alanine and glycerophosphoglycerol appeared to be related to the glycolytic activity designated through high lactate release. Other physiological parameters coinciding with glycolytic activity were high glyoxalase 1 (Glo1) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme activity as well as cell migration as an additional important characteristic contributing to the aggressiveness of tumor cells. Metabolite profiles of the cell lines are comparatively discussed with respect to known biomarkers of cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Hutschenreuther
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Gerd Birkenmeier
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Marina Bigl
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Knut Krohn
- University of Leipzig, IZKF Core Unit DNA-Technologies, Liebigstr 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Claudia Birkemeyer
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstr 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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Guan R, El-Rass S, Spillane D, Lam S, Wang Y, Wu J, Chen Z, Wang A, Jia Z, Keating A, Hu J, Wen XY. rbm47, a novel RNA binding protein, regulates zebrafish head development. Dev Dyn 2013; 242:1395-404. [PMID: 24038582 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vertebrate trunk induction requires inhibition of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, whereas vertebrate head induction requires concerted inhibition of both Wnt and BMP signaling. RNA binding proteins play diverse roles in embryonic development and their roles in vertebrate head development remain to be elucidated. RESULTS We first characterized the human RBM47 as an RNA binding protein that specifically binds RNA but not single-stranded DNA. Next, we knocked down rbm47 gene function in zebrafish using morpholinos targeting the start codon and exon-1/intron-1 splice junction. Down-regulation of rbm47 resulted in headless and small head phenotypes, which can be rescued by a wnt8a blocking morpholino. To further reveal the mechanism of rbm47's role in head development, microarrays were performed to screen genes differentially expressed in normal and knockdown embryos. epcam and a2ml were identified as the most significantly up- and down-regulated genes, respectively. The microarrays also confirmed up-regulation of several genes involved in head development, including gsk3a, otx2, and chordin, which are important regulators of Wnt signaling. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our findings reveal that Rbm47 is a novel RNA-binding protein critical for head formation and embryonic patterning during zebrafish embryogenesis which may act through a Wnt8a signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guan
- Zebrafish Centre for Advanced Drug Discovery, Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Physiology and Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Toronto & Program in Physiology and Experimental Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital and Cancer Research Institute, Central South, Hunan Province, China
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The role of T helper (TH)17 cells as a double-edged sword in the interplay of infection and autoimmunity with a focus on xenobiotic-induced immunomodulation. Clin Dev Immunol 2013; 2013:374769. [PMID: 24151516 PMCID: PMC3787652 DOI: 10.1155/2013/374769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Extensive research in recent years suggests that exposure to xenobiotic stimuli plays a critical role in autoimmunity induction and severity and that the resulting response would be exacerbated in individuals with an infection-aroused immune system. In this context, heavy metals constitute a prominent category of xenobiotic substances, known to alter divergent immune cell responses in accidentally and occupationally exposed individuals, thereby increasing the susceptibility to autoimmunity and cancer, especially when accompanied by inflammation-triggered persistent sensitization. This perception is learned from experimental models of infection and epidemiologic studies and clearly underscores the interplay of exposure to such immunomodulatory elements with pre- or postexposure infectious events. Further, the TH17 cell subset, known to be associated with a growing list of autoimmune manifestations, may be the “superstar” at the interface of xenobiotic exposure and autoimmunity. In this review, the most recently established links to this nomination are short-listed to create a framework to better understand new insights into TH17's contributions to autoimmunity.
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tPA regulates neurite outgrowth by phosphorylation of LRP5/6 in neural progenitor cells. Mol Neurobiol 2013; 49:199-215. [PMID: 23925701 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-013-8511-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite the important role of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) as a neuromodulator in neurons, microglia, and astrocytes, its role in neural progenitor cell (NPC) development is not clear yet. We identified that tPA is highly expressed in NPCs compared with neurons. Inhibition of tPA activity or expression using tPA stop, PAI-1, or tPA siRNA inhibited neurite outgrowth from NPCs, while overexpression or addition of exogenous tPA increased neurite outgrowth. The expression of Wnt and β-catenin as well as phosphorylation of LRP5 and LRP6, which has been implicated in Wnt-β-catenin signaling, was rapidly increased after tPA treatment and was decreased by tPA siRNA transfection. Knockdown of β-catenin or LRP5/6 expression by siRNA prevented tPA-induced neurite extension. NPCs obtained from tPA KO mice showed impaired neurite outgrowth compared with WT NPCs. In ischemic rat brains, axon density was higher in the brains transplanted with WT NPCs than in those with tPA KO NPCs, suggesting increased axonal sprouting by NPC-derived tPA. tPA-mediated regulation of neuronal maturation in NPCs may play an important role during development and in regenerative conditions.
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Cantor D, Slapetova I, Kan A, McQuade LR, Baker MS. Overexpression of αvβ6 Integrin Alters the Colorectal Cancer Cell Proteome in Favor of Elevated Proliferation and a Switching in Cellular Adhesion That Increases Invasion. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:2477-90. [DOI: 10.1021/pr301099f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Cantor
- Department
of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and
Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Faculty of Science, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Iveta Slapetova
- Department
of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and
Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Faculty of Science, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Alison Kan
- Department
of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and
Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Faculty of Science, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Leon R. McQuade
- Department
of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and
Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Faculty of Science, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Mark S. Baker
- Department
of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and
Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Faculty of Science, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
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Masaldan S, Iyer VV. Exploration of effects of emodin in selected cancer cell lines: enhanced growth inhibition by ascorbic acid and regulation of LRP1 and AR under hypoxia-like conditions. J Appl Toxicol 2012; 34:95-104. [PMID: 23212659 DOI: 10.1002/jat.2838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2012] [Revised: 09/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This study explores the link between the antiproliferative activity of emodin through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in various cancer cell lines and the expression of the androgen receptor (AR) in the prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP (androgen-sensitive) and PC-3 (androgen-refractory), as well as the pro-metastatic low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) in the above prostate cancer cells and the nonprostate cell lines A549 (lung), HCT-15 (colon) and MG-63 (bone) under normoxic and hypoxia-like conditions. Among all cell lines, emodin showed most growth inhibition in LNCaP, followed by A549. The mechanism of cytotoxicity of emodin was postulated to be the widely reported ROS generation, based on the observations of poor in vitro radical-scavenging activity and increased growth inhibition of emodin by ascorbic acid (AA) pre-treatment owing to the additive effects of ROS generation by emodin and pro-oxidant effects of AA. Emodin downregulated AR in LNCaP under normoxic and hypoxia-like conditions (simulated by CoCl(2)) and LRP1 under normoxia. Emodin upregulated LRP1 in other cell lines, except HCT-15, under normoxic, and even more markedly under hypoxia-like conditions. The downregulation of AR in LNCaP and upregulation of LRP1 in all cell lines, except HCT-15, under hypoxia-like conditions along with growth inhibition by emodin, suggests that emodin may be a useful therapeutic option against androgen-sensitive prostate cancer and other such LRP1-expressing cancers to attempt the targeting of the elevated LRP1 levels to allow the uptake of emodin and/or any other accompanying therapeutic agents by LRP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Masaldan
- Centre for Bio-Separation Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
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Abstract
This review will focus on the systematization of knowledge about structure of macroglobulin signaling system, which includes macroglobulin family proteins (alpha-2-macroglobulin, alpha-2-glycoprotein, pregnancy associated plasma protein A), their receptors (LRP, grp78), ligands (proteinases, cytokines, hormones, lipids, et al.) transforming and transcriptional factors for regulation of macroglobulins synthesis. After reviewing the functions of macroglobulin signaling system, and mechanisms of their realization, we discuss the complex and significant role of this system in different physiological and pathological processes.
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Yamazaki Y, Tokumasu R, Kimura H, Tsukita S. Role of claudin species-specific dynamics in reconstitution and remodeling of the zonula occludens. Mol Biol Cell 2011; 22:1495-504. [PMID: 21372174 PMCID: PMC3084672 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e10-12-1003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to a new reconstitution system of zonula occludens (zTJ) by expressing specific claudin species, this study found that each of claudin-7, -14, and -19 could singly reconstitute zTJ, but with distinct characteristics in morphology. The molecular dynamics is one important factor for this reconstitution, as revealed by FRAP analysis. Tight-junction strands, which are organized into the beltlike cell–cell adhesive structure called the zonula occludens (TJ), create the paracellular permselective barrier in epithelial cells. The TJ is constructed on the basis of the zonula adherens (AJ) by polymerized claudins in a process mediated by ZO-1/2, but whether the 24 individual claudin family members play different roles at the TJ is unclear. Here we established a cell system for examining the polymerization of individual claudins in the presence of ZO-1/2 using an epithelial-like cell line, SF7, which lacked endogenous TJs and expressed no claudin but claudin-12 in immunofluorescence and real-time PCR assays. In stable SF7-derived lines, exogenous claudin-7, -14, or -19, but no other claudins, individually reconstituted TJs, each with a distinct TJ-strand pattern, as revealed by freeze-fracture analyses. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) analyses of the claudin dynamics in these and other epithelial cells suggested that slow FRAP-recovery dynamics of claudins play a critical role in regulating their polymerization around AJs, which are loosely coupled with ZO-1/2, to form TJs. Furthermore, the distinct claudin stabilities in different cell types may help to understand how TJs regulate paracellular permeability by altering the paracellular flux and the paracellular ion permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Biological Science, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences and Graduate School of Medicine Nuclear Dynamics Group, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Lu W, Liu CC, Thottassery JV, Bu G, Li Y. Mesd is a universal inhibitor of Wnt coreceptors LRP5 and LRP6 and blocks Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in cancer cells. Biochemistry 2010; 49:4635-43. [PMID: 20446724 DOI: 10.1021/bi1001486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mesd is a specialized chaperone for low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) and LRP6. In our previous studies, we found that Mesd binds to mature LRP6 on the cell surface and blocks the binding of Wnt antagonist Dickkopf-1 (Dkk1) to LRP6. Herein, we demonstrate that Mesd also binds to LRP5 with a high affinity and is a universal inhibitor of LRP5 and LRP6 ligands. Mesd not only blocks binding of Wnt antagonists Dkk1 and Sclerostin to LRP5 and LRP6 but also inhibits Wnt3A and Rspondin1-induced Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in LRP5- and LRP6-expressing cells. We also found that Mesd, Dkk1, and Sclerostin compete with one another for binding to LRP5 and LRP6 at the cell surface. More importantly, we demonstrated that Mesd is able to suppress LRP6 phosphorylation and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in prostate cancer PC-3 cells and inhibits PC-3 cell proliferation. Our results indicate that recombinant Mesd protein is a useful tool for studying Wnt/beta-catenin signaling on the cell surface and has a potential therapeutic role in Wnt-dependent cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research Institute, 2000 Ninth Avenue South, Birmingham, Alabama 35255-5305, USA
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