1
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Khan IA, Saraya A. Circulating MicroRNAs as Noninvasive Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Pancreatic Cancer: A Review. J Gastrointest Cancer 2023; 54:720-730. [PMID: 36322366 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-022-00877-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal human cancers. Currently, most PC cases are diagnosed at an already advanced stage. Early detection of PC is critical to improving survival rates. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify biomarkers for the early detection of PC. Recently, circulating miRNAs in whole blood and other body fluids have been reported as promising biomarkers for the early detection of various cancers, including PC. Furthermore, due to minimal invasiveness and technical availability, circulating miRNAs hold promise for further wide usage. As a potential novel molecular marker, circulating miRNAs not only represent promising noninvasive diagnostic and prognostic tools but could also improve the evaluation of tumor classification, metastasis, and curative effect. The purpose of this review is to outline the available information regarding circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for the early detection of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imteyaz Ahmad Khan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Anoop Saraya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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2
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Rahdan F, Bina F, Norouz Dolatabadi E, Shaterabadi D, Khatami SH, Karami Y, Dorosti N, Taheri-Anganeh M, Asadi P, Soltani R, Pashaei MR, Movahedpour A. MicroRNA electrochemical biosensors for pancreatic cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 548:117472. [PMID: 37419303 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRs) are sensitive molecular diagnostic tools that can serve as highly accurate biomarkers in many disease states in general and cancer specifically. MiR-based electrochemical biosensors can be easily and inexpensively manufactured, making them suitable for clinical use and mass production for point-of-care use. This paper reviews nanomaterial-enhanced miR-based electrochemical biosensors in pancreatic cancer detection, analyzing both labeled and label-free approaches, as well as enzyme-based and enzyme-free methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Rahdan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fateme Bina
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Norouz Dolatabadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Donya Shaterabadi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousof Karami
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Dorosti
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Peyman Asadi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Rahmatollah Soltani
- Clinical Education Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Pashaei
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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3
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Sahafnejad Z, Ramazi S, Allahverdi A. An Update of Epigenetic Drugs for the Treatment of Cancers and Brain Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040873. [PMID: 37107631 PMCID: PMC10137918 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics has long been recognized as a significant field in biology and is defined as the investigation of any alteration in gene expression patterns that is not attributed to changes in the DNA sequences. Epigenetic marks, including histone modifications, non-coding RNAs, and DNA methylation, play crucial roles in gene regulation. Numerous studies in humans have been carried out on single-nucleotide resolution of DNA methylation, the CpG island, new histone modifications, and genome-wide nucleosome positioning. These studies indicate that epigenetic mutations and aberrant placement of these epigenetic marks play a critical role in causing the disease. Consequently, significant development has occurred in biomedical research in identifying epigenetic mechanisms, their interactions, and changes in health and disease conditions. The purpose of this review article is to provide comprehensive information about the different types of diseases caused by alterations in epigenetic factors such as DNA methylation and histone acetylation or methylation. Recent studies reported that epigenetics could influence the evolution of human cancer via aberrant methylation of gene promoter regions, which is associated with reduced gene function. Furthermore, DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) in the DNA methylation process as well as histone acetyltransferases (HATs)/histone deacetylases (HDACs) and histone methyltransferases (HMTs)/demethylases (HDMs) in histone modifications play important roles both in the catalysis and inhibition of target gene transcription and in many other DNA processes such as repair, replication, and recombination. Dysfunction in these enzymes leads to epigenetic disorders and, as a result, various diseases such as cancers and brain diseases. Consequently, the knowledge of how to modify aberrant DNA methylation as well as aberrant histone acetylation or methylation via inhibitors by using epigenetic drugs can be a suitable therapeutic approach for a number of diseases. Using the synergistic effects of DNA methylation and histone modification inhibitors, it is hoped that many epigenetic defects will be treated in the future. Numerous studies have demonstrated a link between epigenetic marks and their effects on brain and cancer diseases. Designing appropriate drugs could provide novel strategies for the management of these diseases in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sahafnejad
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, Tehran P.O. Box 14115-111, Iran
| | - Shahin Ramazi
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, Tehran P.O. Box 14115-111, Iran
| | - Abdollah Allahverdi
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, Tehran P.O. Box 14115-111, Iran
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4
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Shetu SA, James N, Rivera G, Bandyopadhyay D. Molecular Research in Pancreatic Cancer: Small Molecule Inhibitors, Their Mechanistic Pathways and Beyond. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1914-1949. [PMID: 36975494 PMCID: PMC10047141 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45030124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic enzymes assist metabolic digestion, and hormones like insulin and glucagon play a critical role in maintaining our blood sugar levels. A malignant pancreas is incapable of doing its regular functions, which results in a health catastrophe. To date, there is no effective biomarker to detect early-stage pancreatic cancer, which makes pancreatic cancer the cancer with the highest mortality rate of all cancer types. Primarily, mutations of the KRAS, CDKN2A, TP53, and SMAD4 genes are responsible for pancreatic cancer, of which mutations of the KRAS gene are present in more than 80% of pancreatic cancer cases. Accordingly, there is a desperate need to develop effective inhibitors of the proteins that are responsible for the proliferation, propagation, regulation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis of pancreatic cancer. This article discusses the effectiveness and mode of action at the molecular level of a wide range of small molecule inhibitors that include pharmaceutically privileged molecules, compounds under clinical trials, and commercial drugs. Both natural and synthetic small molecule inhibitors have been counted. Anti-pancreatic cancer activity and related benefits of using single and combined therapy have been discussed separately. This article sheds light on the scenario, constraints, and future aspects of various small molecule inhibitors for treating pancreatic cancer-the most dreadful cancer so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaila A. Shetu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 West University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
| | - Nneoma James
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 West University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
| | - Gildardo Rivera
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Farmacéutica, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico
| | - Debasish Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 West University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
- School of Earth Environment & Marine Sciences (SEEMS), The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 West University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
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5
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microRNAs Associated with Gemcitabine Resistance via EMT, TME, and Drug Metabolism in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041230. [PMID: 36831572 PMCID: PMC9953943 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive research, pancreatic cancer remains a lethal disease with an extremely poor prognosis. The difficulty in early detection and chemoresistance to therapeutic agents are major clinical concerns. To improve prognosis, novel biomarkers, and therapeutic strategies for chemoresistance are urgently needed. microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the development, progression, and metastasis of several cancers. During the last few decades, the association between pancreatic cancer and miRNAs has been extensively elucidated, with several miRNAs found to be correlated with patient prognosis. Moreover, recent evidence has revealed that miRNAs are intimately involved in gemcitabine sensitivity and resistance through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, the tumor microenvironment, and drug metabolism. Gemcitabine is the gold standard drug for pancreatic cancer treatment, but gemcitabine resistance develops easily after chemotherapy initiation. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the gemcitabine resistance mechanisms associated with aberrantly expressed miRNAs in pancreatic cancer, especially focusing on the mechanisms associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, the tumor microenvironment, and metabolism. This novel evidence of gemcitabine resistance will drive further research to elucidate the mechanisms of chemoresistance and improve patient outcomes.
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6
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miR-4653-3p overexpression is associated with a poor prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via HIPK2 downregulation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17927. [PMID: 36289359 PMCID: PMC9606280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22950-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal malignant tumor. Several upregulated and downregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with invasiveness, tumorigenesis, and prognosis of PDAC. Herein, using in situ hybridization, we evaluated miR-4653-3p expression and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and the association between miR-4653-3p expression and clinicopathological factors in PDAC patients. The miR-4653-3p target was also identified. Ninety PDAC cases, including 30 each with normal pancreatic ducts, low-grade PanINs, and high-grade PanINs, were evaluated. miR-4653-3p expression increased in the order-normal pancreatic duct, low-grade PanIN, high-grade PanIN, and PDAC-with no expression detected in normal pancreatic duct. High expression significantly correlated with advanced pathological T stage, lymph node metastasis, advanced Union for International Cancer Control stage, perineural invasion, venous involvement, and shorter overall and disease-specific survival. Homeodomain Interacting Protein Kinase 2 (HIPK2) was identified as a miR-4653-3p target based on mRNA microarray analysis and database screening. In MIA PaCa-2 cells, miR-4653-3p significantly downregulated HIPK2 expression. HIPK2 expression, unlike that of miR-4653-3p, decreased in the order-normal pancreatic duct, low-grade PanIN, high-grade PanIN, and PDAC. Low HIPK2 expression was associated with shorter overall and disease-specific survival in PDAC patients. Thus, miR-4653-3p associates with tumorigenesis and worse prognosis, partly by reducing HIPK2 expression.
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7
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Makler A, Narayanan R, Asghar W. An Exosomal miRNA Biomarker for the Detection of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:831. [PMID: 36290970 PMCID: PMC9599289 DOI: 10.3390/bios12100831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a difficult tumor to diagnose and treat. To date, PDAC lacks routine screening with no markers available for early detection. Exosomes are 40-150 nm-sized extracellular vesicles that contain DNA, RNA, and proteins. These exosomes are released by all cell types into circulation and thus can be harvested from patient body fluids, thereby facilitating a non-invasive method for PDAC detection. A bioinformatics analysis was conducted utilizing publicly available miRNA pancreatic cancer expression and genome databases. Through this analysis, we identified 18 miRNA with strong potential for PDAC detection. From this analysis, 10 (MIR31, MIR93, MIR133A1, MIR210, MIR330, MIR339, MIR425, MIR429, MIR1208, and MIR3620) were chosen due to high copy number variation as well as their potential to differentiate patients with chronic pancreatitis, neoplasms, and PDAC. These 10 were examined for their mature miRNA expression patterns, giving rise to 18 mature miRs for further analysis. Exosomal RNA from cell culture media was analyzed via RTqPCR and seven mature miRs exhibited statistical significance (miR-31-5p, miR-31-3p, miR-210-3p, miR-339-5p, miR-425-5p, miR-425-3p, and miR-429). These identified biomarkers can potentially be used for early detection of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Makler
- Micro and Nanotechnology in Medicine, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Ramaswamy Narayanan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
- Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Waseem Asghar
- Micro and Nanotechnology in Medicine, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
- Department of Computer & Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
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8
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Diverse and precision therapies open new horizons for patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2022; 21:10-24. [PMID: 34538570 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2021.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a common cause of cancer-related death, and most patients are with advanced disease when diagnosed. At present, despite a variety of treatments have been developed for PDAC, few effective treatment options are available; on the other hand, PDAC shows significant resistance to chemoradiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy due to its heterogeneous genetic profile, molecular signaling pathways, and complex tumor immune microenvironment. Nevertheless, over the past decades, there have been many new advances in the key theory and understanding of the intrinsic mechanisms and complexity of molecular biology and molecular immunology in pancreatic cancer, based on which more and more diverse new means and reasonable combination strategies for PDAC treatment have been developed and preliminary breakthroughs have been made. With the continuous exploration, from surgical local treatment to comprehensive medical management, the research-diagnosis-management system of pancreatic cancer is improving. This review focused on the variety of treatments for advanced PDAC, including traditional chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, microenvironment matrix regulation as well as the treatment targeting epigenetics, metabolism and cancer stem cells. We pointed out the current research bottlenecks and future exploration directions.
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Bai X, Ni J, Beretov J, Wang S, Dong X, Graham P, Li Y. THOC2 and THOC5 Regulate Stemness and Radioresistance in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2102658. [PMID: 34708581 PMCID: PMC8693071 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer. Radioresistance and stemness are substantial obstacles to TNBC treatment. The THO complex (THOC) is a subunit of the TRanscription-EXport complex that functions in the coupling of transcription to nascent RNA splicing, elongation, and export. However, its role in regulating TNBC therapeutic resistance is not reported yet. In this study, the authors demonstrate that cancer stem cells are enriched in radioresistant TNBC cells and describe the role of the THOC in regulating TNBC radioresistance and stemness. The authors find that THOC2 and THOC5 are upregulated in radioresistant TNBC cells and associated with a poor prognosis in TNBC patients. Further investigation reveals that THOC2 promotes the stem-like properties and radioresistance of TNBC cells in a THOC5-dependent manner by facilitating the release of sex-determining region Y (SRY)-box transcription factor 2 (SOX2) and homeobox transcription factor (NANOG) transcripts from the nucleus. Silencing THOC2 or THOC5 expression decreases the protein expression of SOX2 and NANOG, depletes the stem-like properties, and causes radiosensitization in these TNBC cells. Moreover, THOC2 or THOC5 depletion blocks the xenograft tumorigenesis and growth of radioresistant TNBC in vivo. These findings uncover the novel correlations of THOC with TNBC stemness and therapeutic resistance, proposing alternative therapeutic strategies against relapsed TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xupeng Bai
- St George and Sutherland Clinical SchoolFaculty of MedicineUNSW SydneyKensingtonNSW2052Australia
- Cancer Care CentreSt George HospitalKogarahNSW2217Australia
| | - Jie Ni
- St George and Sutherland Clinical SchoolFaculty of MedicineUNSW SydneyKensingtonNSW2052Australia
- Cancer Care CentreSt George HospitalKogarahNSW2217Australia
| | - Julia Beretov
- St George and Sutherland Clinical SchoolFaculty of MedicineUNSW SydneyKensingtonNSW2052Australia
- Cancer Care CentreSt George HospitalKogarahNSW2217Australia
- Anatomical PathologyNSW Health PathologySt George HospitalKogarahNSW2217Australia
| | - Shanping Wang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou510006China
| | - Xingli Dong
- Department of Biopharmaceutical SciencesCollege of PharmacyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbin150081China
| | - Peter Graham
- St George and Sutherland Clinical SchoolFaculty of MedicineUNSW SydneyKensingtonNSW2052Australia
- Cancer Care CentreSt George HospitalKogarahNSW2217Australia
| | - Yong Li
- St George and Sutherland Clinical SchoolFaculty of MedicineUNSW SydneyKensingtonNSW2052Australia
- Cancer Care CentreSt George HospitalKogarahNSW2217Australia
- School of Basic MedicineZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
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10
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Non-Coding RNAs in Pancreatic Cancer Diagnostics and Therapy: Focus on lncRNAs, circRNAs, and piRNAs. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164161. [PMID: 34439315 PMCID: PMC8392713 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic cancer is the seventh leading cause of cancer related death worldwide. In the United States, pancreatic cancer remains the fourth leading cause of cancer related death. The lack of early diagnosis and effective therapy contributes to the high mortality of pancreatic cancer. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find novel and effective biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer. Long noncoding RNA, circular RNAs and piwi-interacting RNA are non-coding RNAs and could become new biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of pancreatic cancer. We summarize the new findings on the roles of these non-coding RNAs in pancreatic cancer diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy. Abstract Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignance with high mortality. The lack of early diagnosis and effective therapy contributes to the high mortality of this deadly disease. For a long time being, the alterations in coding RNAs have been considered as major targets for diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer. However, with the advances in high-throughput next generation of sequencing more alterations in non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been discovered in different cancers. Further mechanistic studies have demonstrated that ncRNAs such as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA), circular RNAs (circRNA) and piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) play vital roles in the regulation of tumorigenesis, tumor progression and prognosis. In recent years, increasing studies have focused on the roles of ncRNAs in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer. Novel findings have demonstrated that lncRNA, circRNA, and piRNA are critically involved in the regulation of gene expression and cellular signal transduction in pancreatic cancer. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of roles of lncRNA, circRNA, and piRNA in the diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer, and molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of these ncRNAs and related signaling in pancreatic cancer therapy. The information provided here will help to find new strategies for better treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Kheradmand P, Vallian Boroojeni S, Esmaeili-Mahani S. MiR-221 Expression Level Correlates with Insulin-Induced Doxorubicin Resistance in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. CELL JOURNAL 2021; 23:329-334. [PMID: 34308576 PMCID: PMC8286461 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2021.7153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective Insulin induces anti-cancer drugs resistance in tumor cells. However, the mechanism by which insulin
induces its drug resistance effects is not clear. In the present study, the expression of miR-221 in insulin-treated MCF-7
cells in response to the anti-cancer drug doxorubicin, was investigated.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, cell viability was evaluated using MTT (3-[4,5 dimethylthiazol-2-
yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. The expression level of miR-221 was determined by real time polymerase
chain reaction (RT-PCR). Furthermore, the expression of insulin receptor (IR) and cleaved caspase-3 protein was
assessed by Western blotting.
Results The results showed that treatment of the MCF-7 cells with insulin reduced the anti-cancer effects of
doxorubicin. Viability of naive and insulin-treated cells following doxorubicin (DOX) treatment was 62.9 ± 5.7% and 79
± 7.2%, respectively. Furthermore, the expression of miR-221 in insulin-treated cells was significantly increased (2.6
± 0.37-fold change) as compared with the control group. A significant decrease (26%) in the expression of caspase-3
protein and a significant increase (24%) in IR were observed in insulin-induced drug resistant MCF-7 cells as compared
to the naive cells.
Conclusion Together, the data showed a positive correlation between the expression of miR-221 and IR expression,
but a negative correlation with caspase3 expression, in insulin-induced drug resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cells. This
could suggest a new mechanism for the role of miR-221 in cancer drugs resistance induced by insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Kheradmand
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Microbology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sadeq Vallian Boroojeni
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Microbology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
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12
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Su YH, Hsu TW, Chen HA, Su CM, Huang MT, Chuang TH, Leo Su J, Hsieh CL, Chiu CF. ERK-mediated transcriptional activation of Dicer is involved in gemcitabine resistance of pancreatic cancer. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:4420-4434. [PMID: 33184874 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gemcitabine has been a commonly used therapeutic agent for treatment of pancreatic cancer. In the clinic, a growing resistance to gemcitabine has been observed in patients with pancreatic cancer, and investigation of the underlying mechanism of gemcitabine resistance is urgently required. The microRNA (miRNA)-producing enzyme, Dicer, is crucial for the maturation of miRNAs, and is involved in clinical aggressiveness, poor prognosis, and survival outcomes in various cancers, however, the role of Dicer in acquired gemcitabine resistance of pancreatic cancer is still not clear. Here, we found that Dicer expression was significantly increased in gemcitabine-resistant PANC-1 (PANC-1/GEM) cells compared with parental PANC-1 cells and observed a high level of Dicer correlated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer. Suppression of Dicer obviously decreased gemcitabine resistance in PANC-1/GEM cells; consistently, overexpression of Dicer in PANC-1 cells increased gemcitabine resistance. Moreover, we identified that transcriptional factor Sp1 targeted the promoter region of Dicer and found ERK/Sp1 signaling regulated Dicer expression in PANC-1/GEM cells, as well as positively correlated with pancreatic cancer progression and suggest that targeting the ERK/Sp1/Dicer pathway has potential therapeutic value for pancreatic cancer with acquired resistance to gemcitabine.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/enzymology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- DEAD-box RNA Helicases/genetics
- DEAD-box RNA Helicases/metabolism
- Deoxycytidine/analogs & derivatives
- Deoxycytidine/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Male
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/enzymology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Ribonuclease III/genetics
- Ribonuclease III/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Sp1 Transcription Factor/genetics
- Sp1 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Transcriptional Activation
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Gemcitabine
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Hao Su
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Wei Hsu
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-An Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Su
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Te Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Hsien Chuang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - J Leo Su
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Hsieh
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Chiu
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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13
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Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most aggressive and invasive type of pancreatic cancer (PCa) and is expected to be the second most common cause of cancer-associated deaths. The high mortality rate is due to the asymptomatic progression of the clinical features until the advanced stages of the disease and the limited effectiveness of the current therapeutics. Aberrant expression of several microRNAs (miRs/miRNAs) has been related to PDAC progression and thus they could be potential early diagnostic, prognostic, and/or therapeutic predictors for PDAC. miRs are small (18 to 24 nucleotides long) non-coding RNAs, which regulate the expression of key genes by targeting their 3′-untranslated mRNA region. Increased evidence has also suggested that the chemoresistance of PDAC cells is associated with metabolic alterations. Metabolic stress and the dysfunctionality of systems to compensate for the altered metabolic status of PDAC cells is the foundation for cellular damage. Current data have implicated multiple systems as hallmarks of PDAC development, such as glutamine redox imbalance, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Hence, both the aberrant expression of miRs and dysregulation in metabolism can have unfavorable effects in several biological processes, such as apoptosis, cell proliferation, growth, survival, stress response, angiogenesis, chemoresistance, invasion, and migration. Therefore, due to these dismal statistics, it is crucial to develop beneficial therapeutic strategies based on an improved understanding of the biology of both miRs and metabolic mediators. This review focuses on miR-mediated pathways and therapeutic resistance mechanisms in PDAC and evaluates the impact of metabolic alterations in the progression of PDAC.
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14
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miRNA-574-5p downregulates ZNF70 and influences the progression of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through reactive oxygen species generation and MAPK pathway activation. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 31:282-291. [PMID: 32053575 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with cancer and can play a role in human cancers as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. miRNA-574-5p is a candidate oncogene in various types of cancer, but little is known about biological functions of miR-574-5p in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In this study, we observe that the expression of miR-574-5p is not only increased in human ESCC tissues but also remarkably increased in cell lines correlates with ZNF70. In vitro, we explored the role of miR-574-5p in ESCC progression via transfection of the miR-574-5p inhibitor into ECA-109 cells. The results show miR-574-5p serve as a tumor promoter regulating cells proliferation and apoptosis in ESCC through mitochondrial-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and MAPK pathways. Furthermore, ZNF70 has been proved to as a functional target for miR-574-5p to regulate cells poliferation and apoptosis. In summary, these results suggest that miR-574-5p serves as tumor promoter to promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of ESCC cells by targeting ZNF70 via mitochondrial-mediated ROS generation and MAPK pathways. The miR-574-5p/ZNF70 pathway provides a new insight into the molecular mechanisms that the occurrence and development of ESCC and it provides a novel therapeutic target for ESCC.
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15
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Al-Share B, Hammad N, Diab M. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma: molecular drivers and the role of targeted therapy. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:355-371. [PMID: 33398620 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09948-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Prognosis from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) continues to be poor despite the many efforts channeled to improve its management. Although the mainstay treatment is still traditional chemotherapy, recent advances highlighted a promising potential for targeted therapy in the management of this disease. Those advances emphasize the significance of timely genomic profiling of tumor tissue as well as germline testing of patients to identify potential markers of targeted therapy. While targeted therapy is reserved for a relatively small subset of patients with PDAC, ongoing research is uncovering additional markers, and targeted agents, that will hopefully translate to better outcomes for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayan Al-Share
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Nour Hammad
- Department of Oncology, Ascension Providence Hospital and Medical Center/Michigan State University/Collage of Human Medicine, Southfield, MI, USA
| | - Maria Diab
- Department of Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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16
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Huang W, Gu J, Tao T, Zhang J, Wang H, Fan Y. MiR-24-3p Inhibits the Progression of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Through LAMB3 Downregulation. Front Oncol 2020; 9:1499. [PMID: 32039003 PMCID: PMC6985431 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with several genetic syndromes. However, the molecular mechanism underlying PDAC progression is still unknown. In this study, we showed that Laminin Subunit Beta 3 (LAMB3) was aberrantly overexpressed in PDAC and was closely associated with the overall survival rate of patients with PDAC. Functional studies demonstrated that LAMB3 played important roles in cell proliferation, the cell cycle, and invasion capacity. Using bioinformatics analysis, we determined that miR-24-3p was an upstream miRNA of LAMB3, and further experiments verified that miR-24-3p regulated LAMB3 expression in PDAC cells. A dual-luciferase reporter system demonstrated that miR-24-3p directly targeted the LAMB3 3'UTR, and FISH assay confirmed that miR-24-3p and LAMB3 mRNA mostly resided in cytoplasm, accounting for their post-translational regulation. Rescue assay demonstrated that miR-24-3p exerted its anti-cancer role by suppressing LAMB3 expression. Finally, by using a subcutaneous xenotransplanted tumor model, we demonstrated that miR-24-3p overexpression inhibited the proliferation of PDAC by suppressing LAMB3 expression in vivo. Collectively, our results provide evidence that the miR-24-3p/LAMB3 axis plays a vital role in the progression of PDAC and indicate that the miR-24-3p/LAMB3 axis may represent a novel therapeutic target for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Huang
- Department of First Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianyou Gu
- Department of First Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian Tao
- Department of First Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huaizhi Wang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingfang Fan
- Department of First Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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17
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Xia C, Jiang H, Ye F, Zhuang Z. The Multifunction Of miR-218-5p-Cx43 Axis In Breast Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:8319-8328. [PMID: 31632081 PMCID: PMC6790128 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s218524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gemcitabine is proven to be the first-line standard treatment of breast cancers. Yet, little is known involving gemcitabine resistance and remains largely to be elucidated. Materials and methods We evaluated the expression of Cx43 in gemcitabine-resistant cells and parental cells by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analyses. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was applied to examine the epigenetic regulator of Cx43. The role of miR-218-5p-Cx43 axis on cell cytotoxicity, cell proliferation, colony formation, chemoresistance and migration was detected via mammalian expression vector and small short RNA (shRNA) transfection in vitro. Results In this study, we found that Cx43 expression levels were significantly lower in gemcitabine-resistant cells than in the parental cells. On deep investigation of the epigenetic regulation of Cx43, a few miRNA candidates targeting Cx43 were derived. Through dual-luciferase reporter assay, Cx43 was proved to be a direct target of miR-218-5p. Besides, qPCR, Western blot demonstrated an inverse correlation between miR-218-5p and Cx43 expression in breast cancer cells, thus forming the miR-218-5p-Cx43 axis. Notably, miR-218-5p-Cx43 axis was found to be involved in the process of gemcitabine chemoresistance, cell proliferation and migration in breast cancer cells. Conclusion Our findings suggested that miR-218-5p-Cx43 axis was versatile and indicated significant potency in breast cancer cells. More importantly, miR-218-5p-Cx43 axis might be valuable in translational medicine, with therapeutic and prognostic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Medical Department, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Fugui Ye
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Zhuang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040, People's Republic of China
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18
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Rawat M, Kadian K, Gupta Y, Kumar A, Chain PSG, Kovbasnjuk O, Kumar S, Parasher G. MicroRNA in Pancreatic Cancer: From Biology to Therapeutic Potential. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10100752. [PMID: 31557962 PMCID: PMC6827136 DOI: 10.3390/genes10100752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive malignancies, accounting for more than 45,750 deaths annually in the U.S. alone. The aggressive nature and late diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, coupled with the limitations of existing chemotherapy, present the pressing need for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Recent reports have demonstrated a critical role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the initiation, progression, and metastasis of cancer. Furthermore, aberrant expressions of miRNAs have often been associated with the cause and consequence of pancreatic cancer, emphasizing the possible use of miRNAs in the effective management of pancreatic cancer patients. In this review, we provide a brief overview of miRNA biogenesis and its role in fundamental cellular process and miRNA studies in pancreatic cancer patients and animal models. Subsequent sections narrate the role of miRNA in, (i) cell cycle and proliferation; (ii) apoptosis; (iii) invasions and metastasis; and (iv) various cellular signaling pathways. We also describe the role of miRNA's in pancreatic cancer; (i) diagnosis; (ii) prognosis and (iii) therapeutic intervention. Conclusion section describes the gist of review with future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manmeet Rawat
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Kavita Kadian
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263001, India.
| | - Yash Gupta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60153, USA.
| | - Anand Kumar
- Biosecurity and Public Health Group, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
| | - Patrick S G Chain
- Biosecurity and Public Health Group, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
| | - Olga Kovbasnjuk
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Suneel Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
| | - Gulshan Parasher
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
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19
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Analysis of microRNA expression in brush cytology specimens improves the diagnosis of pancreatobiliary cancer. Pancreatology 2019; 19:873-879. [PMID: 31400934 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Malignant pancreatobiliary strictures are in many cases clinically indistinguishable and present a major problem to endoscopy specialists. Intraductal sampling procedures such as brush cytology are commonly used for diagnosis with a sensitivity that is low for a diagnostic test used in daily clinical practice. MicroRNA (miR) alterations detected in many cancers are disease-specific, which can be utilized in clinical applications. The aim of the present study was to analyze whether determination of miR expression levels in intraductal brush cytology specimens is a feasible approach to improve the diagnosis of pancreatobiliary cancer. METHODS Brush cytology specimens have been collected during endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP) and analyzed by routine cytology and ancillary miR assays. Total RNA was extracted using the miRNeasy Mini Kit and the expression of miRs frequently dysregulated in pancreatobiliary cancer (miR-16, miR-21, miR-196a, miR-221) were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR using RNU6B as internal control. RESULTS Routine cytology resulted in no false positive diagnoses, however, the combined sensitivity remained at 53.8%. Expression (ΔCt values) of miR-16 (p = 0.0039), miR-196a (p = 0.0003) and miR-221 (p = 0.0049) showed a clear statistical significance between malignant and benign pancreatobiliary specimens (n = 35). Malignancy could be detected combining routine cytology and the miR-196a single marker expression levels with a sensitivity of 84.6% (92.9% in biliary strictures) with no false positives. CONCLUSIONS The results offer the first direct demonstration that microRNAs are readily detectable in brush cytology specimens obtained during ERCP, and have the potential to help the cytological diagnosis of pancreatobiliary malignancy.
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20
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Huang W, Huang Y, Gu J, Zhang J, Yang J, Liu S, Xie C, Fan Y, Wang H. miR-23a-5p inhibits cell proliferation and invasion in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by suppressing ECM1 expression. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:2983-2994. [PMID: 31217868 PMCID: PMC6556669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a genetic disease and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. However, the molecular mechanism underlying PDAC progression remains unclear. In this study, we first confirmed that ECM1 is significantly upregulated in PDAC tissues and that its high levels of expression are closely associated with an advanced histologic grade and a poor prognosis using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We then found that miR-23a-5p binds directly to the ECM1 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR), thereby inhibiting ECM1 expression. Functional studies revealed that the induced expression of ECM1 promoted oncogenic abilities and reversed the suppressive effects induced by miR-23a-5p. Collectively, our findings indicate that ECM1 is a proto-oncogene and show that targeting the miR-23a-5p/ECM1 axis may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Huang
- Department of First Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510280, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
| | - Yaohuan Huang
- Department of First Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianyou Gu
- Department of First Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiali Yang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
| | - Songsong Liu
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
| | - Chuanming Xie
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
| | - Yingfang Fan
- Department of First Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Huaizhi Wang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
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21
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Meydan C. Population-based data registries suggest novel insight into malignancy and metabolism. Cancer 2019; 125:15-17. [PMID: 30417327 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chanan Meydan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayanei Hayeshua Medical Center, Bnei Brak, Israel
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22
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Fu Q, Liu CJ, Zhang X, Zhai ZS, Wang YZ, Hu MX, Xu XL, Zhang HW, Qin T. Glucocorticoid receptor regulates expression of microRNA-22 and downstream signaling pathway in apoptosis of pancreatic acinar cells. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:5120-5130. [PMID: 30568389 PMCID: PMC6288647 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i45.5120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To elucidate the underlying mechanism that microRNA-22 (miR-22) promotes the apoptosis of rat pancreatic acinar cells (AR42J) and the elements that regulate the expression of miR-22.
METHODS One hundred nanomoles per liter of caerulein (Cae) was administrated to induce the apoptosis of AR42J cells and the apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry analysis. An amylase assay kit was used to measure the amylase expression level in the supernatant. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was adopted to measure miR-22 expression. We used online tools to predict the potential transcription promoter of miR-22 and the binding sites, which was further identified by using luciferase reporter analysis, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and ChIP-qPCR assays. Then, a mimic of miR-22, Nr3c1 plasmid encoding the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and si-Nr3c1 were used to transfect AR42J cells, respectively. The mRNA expression of miR-22, Nr3c1, and Erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (ErbB3) was confirmed by qRT-PCR and the apoptosis rate of AR42J cells was detected by flow cytometry analysis. Western blot was used to detect the expression of ErbB3, GR, PI3k, PI3k-p85α, Akt, p-Akt, Bad, Bax, Bcl-xl, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase3.
RESULTS After inducing apoptosis of AR42J cells in vitro, the expression of miR-22 was significantly increased by 2.20 ± 0.26 and 4.19 ± 0.54 times, respectively, at 3 h and 6 h in comparison with the control group. As revealed by qRT-PCR assay, the expression of miR-22 was 78.25 ± 6.61 times higher in the miR-22 mimic group relative to the miRNA control group, accompanied with an obviously increased acinar cell apoptosis rate (32.53 ± 1.15 vs 18.07 ± 0.89, P = 0.0006). The upregulation of miR-22 could suppress its target gene, ErbB3, and the phosphorylation of PI3k and Akt. Furthermore, we predicted the potential transcription promoter of miR-22 and the binding sites using online tools. Luciferase reporter analysis and site-directed mutagenesis indicated that the binding site (GACAGCCATGTACA) of the GR, which is encoded by the Nr3c1 gene. Downregulation of the expression of GR could upregulate the expression of miR-22, which further promoted the apoptosis of AR42J cells.
CONCLUSION GR transcriptionally represses the expression of miR-22, which further promotes the apoptosis of pancreatic acinar cells by downregulating the downstream signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Provincial People’s Hospital), School of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Chuan-Jiang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Provincial People’s Hospital), School of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Provincial People’s Hospital), School of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhen-Sheng Zhai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Provincial People’s Hospital), School of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Yu-Zhu Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Provincial People’s Hospital), School of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Ming-Xing Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Provincial People’s Hospital), School of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Xian-Ling Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Provincial People’s Hospital), School of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Hong-Wei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Provincial People’s Hospital), School of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Tao Qin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Provincial People’s Hospital), School of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
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23
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Salinas-Vera YM, Marchat LA, Gallardo-Rincón D, Ruiz-García E, Astudillo-De La Vega H, Echavarría-Zepeda R, López-Camarillo C. AngiomiRs: MicroRNAs driving angiogenesis in cancer (Review). Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:657-670. [PMID: 30483765 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.4003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an important hallmark of cancer serving a key role in tumor growth and metastasis. Therefore, tumor angiogenesis has become an attractive target for development of novel drug therapies. An increased amount of anti‑angiogenic compounds is currently in preclinical and clinical development for personalized therapies. However, resistance to current angiogenesis inhibitors is emerging, indicating that there is a need to identify novel anti‑angiogenic agents. In the last decade, the field of microRNA biology has exploded revealing unsuspected functions in tumor angiogenesis. These small non‑coding RNAs, which have been dubbed as angiomiRs, may target regulatory molecules driving angiogenesis, such as cytokines, metalloproteinases and growth factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet‑derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, hypoxia inducible factor‑1, as well as mitogen‑activated protein kinase, phosphoinositide 3‑kinase and transforming growth factor signaling pathways. The present review discusses the current progress towards understanding the functions of miRNAs in tumor angiogenesis regulation in diverse types of human cancer. Furthermore, the potential clinical application of angiomiRs towards anti‑angiogenic tumor therapy was explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarely M Salinas-Vera
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genomicas, Universidad Autonoma de la Ciudad de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico 03100, Mexico
| | - Laurence A Marchat
- Programa en Biomedicina Molecular y Red de Biotecnologia, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico 07320, Mexico
| | - Dolores Gallardo-Rincón
- Laboratorio de Medicina Translacional, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de Mexico 14080, Mexico
| | - Erika Ruiz-García
- Laboratorio de Medicina Translacional, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de Mexico 14080, Mexico
| | - Horacio Astudillo-De La Vega
- Laboratorio de Investigacion Translacional en Cáncer y Terapia Celular, Hospital de Oncologia, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Ciudad de Mexico 06720, Mexico
| | | | - César López-Camarillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genomicas, Universidad Autonoma de la Ciudad de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico 03100, Mexico
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24
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Baradaran B, Shahbazi R, Khordadmehr M. Dysregulation of key microRNAs in pancreatic cancer development. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:1008-1015. [PMID: 30551350 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is mentioned as one of the fourth major cause of cancer-related deaths and also is considered as one of the most malignancies worldwide. Sadly, widely metastasis is frequently observed at the time of PC detection and there are, thereby, almost poor prognosis and ineffective treatment in PC patients. microRNAs (miRNAs), a group of short non-coding RNAs, regulate various cellular and developmental mechanisms, such as cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and angiogenesis. Also, they have essential roles even on the progression of different human and animal diseases. In recent years, extensive studies confirmed the important role of miRNAs in various steps of PC developments, including; tumor initiation, invasion and metastasis, which can use valuably for cancer detection, prognosis and therapy. Therefore, the present study reviewed the new recent investigations in miRNAs involvement in the biology of PC associated with their clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roya Shahbazi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, 51665-1647, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Monireh Khordadmehr
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, 51665-1647, Tabriz, Iran.
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25
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Hu J, Li L, Chen H, Zhang G, Liu H, Kong R, Chen H, Wang Y, Li Y, Tian F, Lv X, Li G, Sun B. MiR-361-3p regulates ERK1/2-induced EMT via DUSP2 mRNA degradation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:807. [PMID: 30042387 PMCID: PMC6057920 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0839-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis remains one of the most intractable challenges in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) biology, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is essential to the epithelium-originated solid tumor metastasis cascade. Emerging evidence demonstrates that aberrant miRNA expression is involved in pancreatic cancer progression. We found that miR-361-3p was associated with an advanced stage of PDAC and poor prognosis. Hence, the effect of miR-361-3p on metastasis of PDAC cells was evaluated using Transwell assay and wound healing assay in vitro as well as orthotopic and liver metastasis pancreatic cancer models in vivo. Overexpression of miR-361-3p promoted pancreatic cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro, and miR-361-3p-elevated PDAC cells were prone to generating metastatic nodules in vivo. However, miR-361-3p showed no significant effect on the proliferation of PDAC cells in vivo or in vitro. Further study demonstrated that miR-361-3p could enhance EMT and ERK pathway activation, and ERK inhibitor could attenuate miR-361-3p-induced EMT. Luciferase assays, qPCR, and western blot and Ago2 co-immunoprecipitation were performed to identify the direct target of miR-361-3p. Mechanistic investigations identified DUSP2 as a direct target of miR-361-3p, and DUSP2 was revealed to be involved in miR-361-3p-induced EMT by directly leading to the inactivation of the ERK pathway. Moreover, we found that miR-361-3p-induced EMT was dependent on Ago2, the core component of RNA-induced silencing complex, while enforced expression of Ago2 enhanced the miR-361-3p-induced effect by promoting interference efficacy and specificity rather than regulating miR-361-3p stability and biogenesis. Thus, this study revealed that miR-361-3p functions as an oncomiR for promoting metastasis and identified the miR-361-3p/DUSP2/ERK axis as a novel EMT axis dependent on Ago2 in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisheng Hu
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Le Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hongze Chen
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Guangquan Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Rui Kong
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yongwei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yilong Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Fengyu Tian
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xinjian Lv
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Guanqun Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Bei Sun
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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26
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Unger K, Mehta KY, Kaur P, Wang Y, Menon SS, Jain SK, Moonjelly RA, Suman S, Datta K, Singh R, Fogel P, Cheema AK. Metabolomics based predictive classifier for early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:23078-23090. [PMID: 29796173 PMCID: PMC5955422 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The availability of robust classification algorithms for the identification of high risk individuals with resectable disease is critical to improving early detection strategies and ultimately increasing survival rates in PC. We leveraged high quality biospecimens with extensive clinical annotations from patients that received treatment at the Medstar-Georgetown University hospital. We used a high resolution mass spectrometry based global tissue profiling approach in conjunction with multivariate analysis for developing a classification algorithm that would predict early stage PC with high accuracy. The candidate biomarkers were annotated using tandem mass spectrometry. We delineated a six metabolite panel that could discriminate early stage PDAC from benign pancreatic disease with >95% accuracy of classification (Specificity = 0.85, Sensitivity = 0.9). Subsequently, we used multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry for evaluation of this panel in plasma samples obtained from the same patients. The pattern of expression of these metabolites in plasma was found to be discordant as compared to that in tissue. Taken together, our results show the value of using a metabolomics approach for developing highly predictive panels for classification of early stage PDAC. Future investigations will likely lead to the development of validated biomarker panels with potential for clinical translation in conjunction with CA-19-9 and/or other biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Unger
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Khyati Y Mehta
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Prabhjit Kaur
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Yiwen Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Biomathematics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Smrithi S Menon
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Shreyans K Jain
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Rose A Moonjelly
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Shubhankar Suman
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Kamal Datta
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Rajbir Singh
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Paul Fogel
- Unité MéDIAN, UMR CNRS 6237 MEDYC, Université de Reims, Reims, France
| | - Amrita K Cheema
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America.,Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
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27
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Han H, Wang L, Xu J, Wang A. miR-128 induces pancreas cancer cell apoptosis by targeting MDM4. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:5017-5022. [PMID: 29805525 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA/miRs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules (19-25 nucleotides in length), which function to regulate gene expression. It has been reported that miR-128 serves an important role in regulating cancer cell growth; increasing evidence has indicated that the expression of miR-128 is decreased in pancreatic cancer (PC) cells. However, the specific mechanisms of miR-128 in regulating PC cell growth are unclear. In the present study, it was confirmed that the expression of miR-128 was significantly decreased within PC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues via reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. In addition, miR-128 mimics inhibited PC MIA-PaCa2 cell growth by enhancing cell apoptosis in a caspase-dependent manner. Furthermore, the results of the present study demonstrated that double minute 4 (MDM4) may be a direct target for miR-128 via a dual luciferase report assay; miR-128 may inhibit MDM4 expression, and increase p53 and cleaved caspase-3 protein expression levels. In summary, the present study indicated that miR-128 is downregulated in PC, and it may be a promising target for future PC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchao Han
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224000, P.R. China
| | - Lisheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224000, P.R. China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224000, P.R. China
| | - Aikun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224000, P.R. China
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28
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Mehta KY, Wu HJ, Menon SS, Fallah Y, Zhong X, Rizk N, Unger K, Mapstone M, Fiandaca MS, Federoff HJ, Cheema AK. Metabolomic biomarkers of pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis study. Oncotarget 2017; 8:68899-68915. [PMID: 28978166 PMCID: PMC5620306 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is an aggressive disease with high mortality rates, however, there is no blood test for early detection and diagnosis of this disease. Several research groups have reported on metabolomics based clinical investigations to identify biomarkers of PC, however there is a lack of a centralized metabolite biomarker repository that can be used for meta-analysis and biomarker validation. Furthermore, since the incidence of PC is associated with metabolic syndrome and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), there is a need to uncouple these common metabolic dysregulations that may otherwise diminish the clinical utility of metabolomic biosignatures. Here, we attempted to externally replicate proposed metabolite biomarkers of PC reported by several other groups in an independent group of PC subjects. Our study design included a T2DM cohort that was used as a non-cancer control and a separate cohort diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC), as a cancer disease control to eliminate possible generic biomarkers of cancer. We used targeted mass spectrometry for quantitation of literature-curated metabolite markers and identified a biomarker panel that discriminates between normal controls (NC) and PC patients with high accuracy. Further evaluation of our model with CRC, however, showed a drop in specificity for the PC biomarker panel. Taken together, our study underscores the need for a more robust study design for cancer biomarker studies so as to maximize the translational value and clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khyati Y Mehta
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Hung-Jen Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Smrithi S Menon
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Yassi Fallah
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Xiaogang Zhong
- Department of Biostatistics Bioinformatics and Biomathematics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Nasser Rizk
- Department of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Keith Unger
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Med-Star Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Mark Mapstone
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Massimo S Fiandaca
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America.,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Howard J Federoff
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Amrita K Cheema
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
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29
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Yang D, Li Y, Zhao D. Curcumin induces apoptotic cell death in human pancreatic cancer cells via the miR-340/XIAP signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1811-1816. [PMID: 28789415 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The natural compound curcumin has previously been reported to inhibit pancreatic cancer cell growth. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. Results from the present study demonstrate that the miR-340/X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) signaling pathway mediates curcumin-induced pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis. miR-340 was identified to be significantly upregulated following curcumin treatment. In addition, treatment with curcumin or miR-340 induced pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis, whereas silencing endogenous miR-340 significantly inhibited the proapoptotic effect of curcumin. A luciferase reporter assay and western blot analysis identified that the oncogene XIAP is a direct target of miR-340. Furthermore, curcumin treatment significantly reduced XIAP expression, an effect that was rescued by treatment with anti-miR-340. The results of the present study suggest that the miR-340/XIAP signaling pathway is a downstream target of curcumin that mediates its proapoptotic effects on pancreatic cancer cells. This may provide the basis for novel treatment strategies for patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deying Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Yutao Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Deqin Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Linyi Chinese Medicine Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
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30
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Abreu FBD, Liu X, Tsongalis GJ. miRNA analysis in pancreatic cancer: the Dartmouth experience. Clin Chem Lab Med 2017; 55:755-762. [PMID: 28343174 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2017-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is considered one of the most lethal cancers being the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths in adults in the United States because of the lack of early signs and symptoms and the lack of early detection. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common histological type among pancreatic cancers, representing 80%-90% of all solid tumors of the pancreas. The majority of PDAC develops from three precursor lesions: pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, intraductual papillary mucinous neoplasm and mucinous cystic neoplasm. Although histologic tissue evaluation remains the gold standard for diagnosis, endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration has become the preferred modality for obtaining pathologic confirmation. At Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center (DHMC),we have developed and validated a microRNA (miRNA) panel for patients with pancreatic diseases that can be used in association with the gold standard method for diagnosis. miRNAs have an important role in biological processes, such as apoptosis, metabolism, cell growth and differentiation. In cancer, miRNAs can be classified as either oncogenic or tumor suppressor according to their function in the carcinogenic process. In this study, we describe the expression of many miRNA in benign and malignant pancreatic tissues as well as their clinical significance. For this reason, miRNAs have been considered potential biomarkers of pancreatic diseases that could potentially contribute to an early diagnosis, predict disease progression, accurately monitor disease, contribute to better treatment strategies and reduce mortality by improving disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine B de Abreu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center and Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center and Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH
| | - Gregory J Tsongalis
- Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756
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31
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Khan MAA, Azim S, Zubair H, Bhardwaj A, Patel GK, Khushman M, Singh S, Singh AP. Molecular Drivers of Pancreatic Cancer Pathogenesis: Looking Inward to Move Forward. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040779. [PMID: 28383487 PMCID: PMC5412363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) continues to rank among the most lethal cancers. The consistent increase in incidence and mortality has made it the seventh leading cause of cancer-associated deaths globally and the third in the United States. The biggest challenge in combating PC is our insufficient understanding of the molecular mechanism(s) underlying its complex biology. Studies during the last several years have helped identify several putative factors and events, both genetic and epigenetic, as well as some deregulated signaling pathways, with implications in PC onset and progression. In this review article, we make an effort to summarize our current understanding of molecular and cellular events involved in the pathogenesis of pancreatic malignancy. Specifically, we provide up-to-date information on the genetic and epigenetic changes that occur during the initiation and progression of PC and their functional involvement in the pathogenic processes. We also discuss the impact of the tumor microenvironment on the molecular landscape of PC and its role in aggressive disease progression. It is envisioned that a better understanding of these molecular factors and the mechanisms of their actions can help unravel novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and can also be exploited for future targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Aslam Aslam Khan
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.
| | - Shafquat Azim
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.
| | - Haseeb Zubair
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.
| | - Arun Bhardwaj
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.
| | - Girijesh Kumar Patel
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.
| | - Moh'd Khushman
- Departments of Interdisciplinary Clinical Oncology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.
| | - Seema Singh
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.
| | - Ajay Pratap Singh
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.
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32
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He L, Qu L, Wei L, Chen Y, Suo J. Reduction of miR‑132‑3p contributes to gastric cancer proliferation by targeting MUC13. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:3055-3061. [PMID: 28339011 PMCID: PMC5428394 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling and microRNAs (miRNAs) has been widely seen in gastric cancer. The present study focused on the miRNAs that regulate human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) activation through mucin 13 (MUC13). The protein level of MUC13 was demonstrated to be significantly increased in gastric cancer tissues compared with normal tissues by western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. TargetScan bioinformatic predictions indicated that miRNA (miR)-212-3p and miR-132-3p may bind to the 3′-untranslated region of MUC13. Further investigation revealed that miR-132-3p was significantly decreased in gastric cancer tissues compared with normal tissues, whereas miR-212-3p expression was unaffected. Luciferase assays and western blot confirmed MUC13 as a target gene of miR-132-3p. Inhibition of miR-132-3p enhanced gastric cancer cell migration through activation of HER2, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt serine/threonine kinase (Akt) signaling, which was a similar effect to that of MUC13 overexpression. In summary, reduction of miR-132-3p may contribute to gastric cancer proliferation by targeting MUC13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Qu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Lijing Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Jian Suo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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33
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The underlying mechanisms of non-coding RNAs in the chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer. Cancer Lett 2017; 397:94-102. [PMID: 28254409 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, which is often asymptomatic, is currently one of the most common causes of cancer-related death. This phenomenon is most likely due to a lack of early diagnosis, a high metastasis rate and a disappointing chemotherapy outcome. Thus, improving treatment outcomes by overcoming chemotherapy resistance may be a useful strategy in pancreatic cancer. Various underlying mechanisms involved in the chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer have been investigated. Notably, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), play a pivotal role in regulating sensitivity to chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer. In this review, we highlight recent evidence regarding the role of miRNAs and lncRNAs in the chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer, including their expression levels, targets, biological functions and the regulation of chemoresistance, and discuss the potential clinical application of miRNAs and lncRNAs in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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34
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Rajabpour A, Rajaei F, Teimoori-Toolabi L. Molecular alterations contributing to pancreatic cancer chemoresistance. Pancreatology 2016; 17:310-320. [PMID: 28065383 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death all over the world. This disease is difficult to treat and patients have an overall 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. Although two drugs, gemcitabine (GEM) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) have been shown to improve the survival rate of patients systematically, they do not increase general survival to a clinically acceptable degree. Lack of ideal clinical response of pancreatic cancer patients to chemotherapy is likely to be due to intrinsic and acquired chemoresistance of tumor cells. Various mechanisms of drug resistance have been investigated in pancreatic cancer, including genetic and epigenetic changes in particular genes or signaling pathways. In addition, evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) play significant roles as key regulators of gene expression in many cellular processes, including drug resistance. Understanding underlying genes and mechanisms of drug resistance in pancreatic cancer is critical to develop new effective treatments for this deadly disease. This review illustrates the genes and miRNAs involved in resistance to gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Rajabpour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Rajaei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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35
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Garajová I, Le Large TYS, Giovannetti E, Kazemier G, Biasco G, Peters GJ. The Role of MicroRNAs in Resistance to Current Pancreatic Cancer Treatment: Translational Studies and Basic Protocols for Extraction and PCR Analysis. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1395:163-87. [PMID: 26910074 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3347-1_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a common cause of cancer death and has the worst prognosis of any major malignancy, with less than 5 % of patients alive 5-years after diagnosis. The therapeutic options for metastatic PDAC have changed in the past few years from single agent gemcitabine treatment to combination regimens. Nowadays, FOLFIRINOX or gemcitabine with nab-paclitaxel are new standard combinations in frontline metastatic setting in PDAC patients with good performance status. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small, noncoding RNA molecules affecting important cellular processes such as inhibition of apoptosis, cell proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), metastases, and resistance to common cytotoxic and anti-signaling therapy in PDAC. A functional association between miRNAs and chemoresistance has been described for several common therapies. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the role of miRNAs in the resistance to current anticancer treatment used for patients affected by metastatic PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Garajová
- Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, CCA 1.42, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands.,Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Tessa Y S Le Large
- Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, CCA 1.42, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands.,Department of Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, CCA 1.42, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands.,Cancer Pharmacology Lab, AIRC Start-Up Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Geert Kazemier
- Department of Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guido Biasco
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Godefridus J Peters
- Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, CCA 1.42, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
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36
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Vassaux G, Angelova A, Baril P, Midoux P, Rommelaere J, Cordelier P. The Promise of Gene Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer. Hum Gene Ther 2016; 27:127-33. [PMID: 26603492 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2015.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike for other digestive cancer entities, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapies have, so far, largely failed to improve patient survival in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which remains the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in Europe and the United States. In this context, gene therapy may offer a new avenue for patients with PDAC. In this review, we explore the research currently ongoing in French laboratories aimed at defeating PDAC using nonviral therapeutic gene delivery, targeted transgene expression, or oncolytic virotherapy that recently or will soon bridge the gap between experimental models of cancer and clinical trials. These studies are likely to change clinical practice or thinking about PDAC management, as they represent a major advance not only for PDAC but may also significantly influence the field of gene-based molecular treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Vassaux
- 1 Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis , Nice, France .,2 Laboratoire TIRO , UMRE 4320, CEA, Nice, France
| | - Assia Angelova
- 3 German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Tumor Virology/F010, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Baril
- 4 Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301 and University of Orléans , Orléans, France
| | - Patrick Midoux
- 4 Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301 and University of Orléans , Orléans, France
| | - Jean Rommelaere
- 3 German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Tumor Virology/F010, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pierre Cordelier
- 5 INSERM , UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France .,6 Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier , F-31000 Toulouse, France
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Huang J, Liu J, Chen-Xiao K, Zhang X, Lee WNP, Go VLW, Xiao GG. Advance in microRNA as a potential biomarker for early detection of pancreatic cancer. Biomark Res 2016; 4:20. [PMID: 27795830 PMCID: PMC5075408 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-016-0074-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is characterized as a disease with low survival and high mortality because of no effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies available in clinic. Conventional clinical diagnostic methods including serum markers and radiological imaging (CT, MRI, EUS, etc.) often fail to detect precancerous or early stage lesions. Development of effective biomarkers is unmet for reduction of mortality of pancreatic cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-protein-coding RNAs playing roles in regulation of cell physiology including tumorigenesis, apoptotic escape, proliferation, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), metastasis and chemoresistance. Various altered signaling pathways involving in molecular pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer are mediated by miRNAs as a role of either oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Among biomarkers developed including protein, metabolites, DNA, RNA, epigenetic mutation, miRNAs are superior because of its unique chemical property. Recent study suggests that miRNAs may be promising biomarkers used for early detection of pancreatic cancer. This review will update the progression made in early detection of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Jianzhou Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Kevin Chen-Xiao
- Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Research and Education Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, Torrance, CA 90502 USA
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Research and Education Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, Torrance, CA 90502 USA
| | - W N Paul Lee
- Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Research and Education Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, Torrance, CA 90502 USA
| | - Vay Liang W Go
- Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Research and Education Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, Torrance, CA 90502 USA
| | - Gary Guishan Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China ; Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Research and Education Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, Torrance, CA 90502 USA ; Genomics and Functional Proteomics Laboratories, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68131 USA
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Ma H, Wu Y, Yang H, Liu J, Dan H, Zeng X, Zhou Y, Jiang L, Chen Q. MicroRNAs in oral lichen planus and potential miRNA-mRNA pathogenesis with essential cytokines: a review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2016; 122:164-73. [PMID: 27282956 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2016.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a potentially premalignant condition with unknown pathogenesis. Immune and inflammatory factors are thought to play important roles in the development of OLP, and cytokines, such as interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, can act as critical players in the immunopathogenesis of OLP. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are closely correlated with cytokines in various inflammation-related diseases. In patients with OLP, miRNA-146a and miRNA-155 are increased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and numerous miRNAs have been shown to exhibit altered expression profiles in lesions. Although the microRNA-messenger RNA (miRNA-mRNA) network is thought to be involved in the development of OLP, in-depth studies are lacking. Here, we summarize current data on the mechanisms of action of miRNAs regulating typical cytokines in OLP, including interleukin (IL)-10, IL-17, IL-22, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, to study the genetic basis of the pathogenesis of OLP and to provide prospects of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanqin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huamei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongxia Dan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Lu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Vorvis C, Koutsioumpa M, Iliopoulos D. Developments in miRNA gene signaling pathways in pancreatic cancer. Future Oncol 2016; 12:1135-50. [PMID: 26984178 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2015-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a devastating malignancy that ranks as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Dismal prognosis is mainly attributable to limited knowledge of the molecular pathogenesis of the disease. miRNAs have been found to be deregulated in pancreatic cancer, affecting several steps of initiation and aggressiveness of the disease by regulating important signaling pathways, such as the KRAS and Notch pathways. Moreover, the effect of miRNAs on regulating cell cycle events and expression of transcription factors has gained a lot of attention. Recent studies have highlighted the application of miRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic tools. The current review focuses on latest advances with respect to the roles of miRNAs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma associated signaling pathways and miRNA-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Vorvis
- Center for Systems Biomedicine, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marina Koutsioumpa
- Center for Systems Biomedicine, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dimitrios Iliopoulos
- Center for Systems Biomedicine, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Chijiiwa Y, Moriyama T, Ohuchida K, Nabae T, Ohtsuka T, Miyasaka Y, Fujita H, Maeyama R, Manabe T, Abe A, Mizuuchi Y, Oda Y, Mizumoto K, Nakamura M. Overexpression of microRNA-5100 decreases the aggressive phenotype of pancreatic cancer cells by targeting PODXL. Int J Oncol 2016; 48:1688-700. [PMID: 26892887 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of cancer-associated death, and metastasis of pancreatic cancer remains difficult to treat because of its aggressiveness. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in the regulation of various human transcripts, and many miRNAs have been reported to correlate with cancer metastasis. We identified an anti-metastatic miRNA, miR-5100, by investigating differences in miRNA profiling between highly metastatic pancreatic cancer cells and their parental cells. Overexpression of miR-5100 inhibited colony formation (P<0.05), cell migration (P<0.0001) and invasion (P<0.0001) of pancreatic cancer cells. In addition, we identified a possible target of miR-5100, podocalyxin-like 1 (PODXL), and demonstrated miR-5100 directly binds to the 3' untranslated region of PODXL and post-transcriptionally regulates its expression in pancreatic cancer cells. Silencing PODXL resulted in diminished cell migration (P<0.0001) and invasion (P<0.05). We also clarified the close relationship between expression of PODXL in human pancreatic cancer specimens and liver metastasis (P=0.0003), and determined that post-operative survival was longer in the low-PODXL expression group than in the high-PODXL expression group (P<0.05). These results indicate that miR-5100 and PODXL have considerable therapeutic potential for anti-metastatic therapy and could be potential indicators for cancer metastases in patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Chijiiwa
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Taiki Moriyama
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenoki Ohuchida
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshinaga Nabae
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takao Ohtsuka
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyasaka
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hayato Fujita
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryo Maeyama
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Manabe
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Abe
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mizuuchi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Pancreatic cancer: Current research and future directions. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2016; 1865:123-32. [PMID: 26794394 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite the survival rate advancements in different types of cancer in the last 40 years, the perspective for pancreatic cancer patients has seen no substantial changes. Indeed, the five year survival rate remains around 5%. Nevertheless, in the last decade we have witnessed an increased interest in pancreatic cancer biology and this has produced a substantial increment in our knowledge on pancreatic cancer progression. The big challenge is now to translate this knowledge in better outcomes for patients. The aim of this review is to describe the latest discoveries and advancements in pancreatic cancer research and to discuss future directions.
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Kouhkan F, Mobarra N, Soufi-Zomorrod M, Keramati F, Hosseini Rad SMA, Fathi-Roudsari M, Tavakoli R, Hajarizadeh A, Ziaei S, Lahmi R, Hanif H, Soleimani M. MicroRNA-129-1 acts as tumour suppressor and induces cell cycle arrest of GBM cancer cells through targeting IGF2BP3 and MAPK1. J Med Genet 2015; 53:24-33. [PMID: 26510428 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA-129-1 (miR-129-1) seems to behave as a tumour suppressor since its decreased expression is associated with different tumours such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). GBM is the most common form of brain tumours originating from glial cells. The impact of miR-129-1 downregulation on GBM pathogenesis has yet to be elucidated. METHODS MiR-129-1 was overexpressed in GBM cells, and its effect on proliferation was investigated by cell cycle assay. MiR-129-1 predicted targets (CDK6, IGF1, HDAC2, IGF2BP3 and MAPK1) were also evaluated by western blot and luciferase assay. RESULTS Restoration of miR-129-1 reduced cell proliferation and induced G1 accumulation, significantly. Several functional assays confirmed IGF2BP3, MAPK1 and CDK6 as targets of miR-129-1. Despite the fact that IGF1 expression can be suppressed by miR-129-1, through 3'-untranslated region complementary sequence, we could not find any association between IGF1 expression and GBM. MiR-129-1 expression inversely correlates with CDK6, IGF2BP3 and MAPK1 in primary clinical samples. CONCLUSION This is the first study to propose miR129-1 as a negative regulator of IGF2BP3 and MAPK1 and also a cell cycle arrest inducer in GBM cells. Our data suggests miR-129-1 as a potential tumour suppressor and presents a rationale for the use of miR-129-1 as a novel strategy to improve treatment response in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Kouhkan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Mobarra
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mina Soufi-Zomorrod
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Keramati
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Rezvan Tavakoli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Athena Hajarizadeh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Said Ziaei
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Lahmi
- Department of Neuroscience, Aging and Stem Cell Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Hamed Hanif
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Khan S, Ebeling MC, Zaman MS, Sikander M, Yallapu MM, Chauhan N, Yacoubian AM, Behrman SW, Zafar N, Kumar D, Thompson PA, Jaggi M, Chauhan SC. MicroRNA-145 targets MUC13 and suppresses growth and invasion of pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget 2015; 5:7599-609. [PMID: 25277192 PMCID: PMC4202147 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis due to late diagnosis and ineffective therapeutic multimodality. MUC13, a transmembrane mucin is highly involved in pancreatic cancer progression. Thus, understanding its regulatory molecular mechanisms may offer new avenue of therapy for prevention/treatment of pancreatic cancer. Herein, we report a novel microRNA (miR-145)-mediated mechanism regulating aberrant MUC13 expression in pancreatic cancer. We report that miR-145 expression inversely correlates with MUC13 expression in pancreatic cancer cells and human tumor tissues. miR-145 is predominantly present in normal pancreatic tissues and early Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) precursor lesions (PanIN I) and is progressively suppressed over the course of development from PanIN II/III to late stage poorly differentiated PDAC. We demonstrate that miR-145 targets 3′ untranslated region of MUC13 and thus downregulates MUC13 protein expression in cells. Interestingly, transfection of miR-145 inhibits cell proliferation, invasion and enhances gemcitabine sensitivity. It causes reduction of HER2, P-AKT, PAK1 and an increase in p53. Similar results were found when MUC13 was specifically inhibited by shRNA directed at MUC13. Additionally, intratumoral injections of miR-145 in xenograft mice inhibited tumor growth via suppression of MUC13 and its downstream target, HER2. These results suggest miR-145 as a novel regulator of MUC13 in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheema Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mara C Ebeling
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research/USD, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Mohd S Zaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mohammed Sikander
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Neeraj Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ashley M Yacoubian
- Department of Pathology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee , USA
| | - Stephen W Behrman
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee , USA
| | - Nadeem Zafar
- Department of Pathology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee , USA
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of the District of Columbia, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Paul A Thompson
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research/USD, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA. Methodology and Data Analysis Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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Garajová I, Giovannetti E, Caponi S, van Zweeden A, Peters GJ. MiRNAs and Their Interference with the Main Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Drug Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer. CURRENT PHARMACOLOGY REPORTS 2015; 1:223-233. [DOI: 10.1007/s40495-014-0008-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
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45
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Qu D, Johnson J, Chandrakesan P, Weygant N, May R, Aiello N, Rhim A, Zhao L, Zheng W, Lightfoot S, Pant S, Irvan J, Postier R, Hocker J, Hanas JS, Ali N, Sureban SM, An G, Schlosser MJ, Stanger B, Houchen CW. Doublecortin-like kinase 1 is elevated serologically in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and widely expressed on circulating tumor cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118933. [PMID: 25723399 PMCID: PMC4344195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1) is a putative pancreatic stem cell marker and is upregulated in pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, and many other solid tumors. It marks tumor stem cells in mouse models of intestinal neoplasia. Here we sought to determine whether DCLK1 protein can be detected in the bloodstream and if its levels in archived serum samples could be quantitatively assessed in pancreatic cancer patients. DCLK1 specific ELISA, western blotting, and immunohistochemical analyses were used to determine expression levels in the serum and staining intensity in archived tumor tissues of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients and in pancreatic cancer mouse models. DCLK1 levels in the serum were elevated in early stages of PDAC (stages I and II) compared to healthy volunteers (normal controls). No differences were observed between stages III/IV and normal controls. In resected surgical tissues, DCLK1 expression intensity in the stromal cells was significantly higher than that observed in tumor epithelial cells. Circulating tumor cells were isolated from KPCY mice and approximately 52% of these cells were positive for Dclk1 staining. Dclk1 levels in the serum of KPC mice were also elevated. We have previously demonstrated that DCLK1 plays a potential role in regulating epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). Given the increasingly recognized role of EMT derived stem cells in cancer progression and metastasis, we hypothesize that DCLK1 may contribute to the metastatic process. Taken together, our results suggest that DCLK1 serum levels and DCLK1 positive circulating tumor cells should be further assessed for their potential diagnostic and prognostic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfeng Qu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Oklahoma Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Jeremy Johnson
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Parthasarathy Chandrakesan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Oklahoma Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Nathaniel Weygant
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Randal May
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Nicole Aiello
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Andrew Rhim
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Lichao Zhao
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Stanley Lightfoot
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Shubham Pant
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Jeremy Irvan
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Russell Postier
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - James Hocker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Jay S. Hanas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Naushad Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Oklahoma Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Sripathi M. Sureban
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Oklahoma Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Guangyu An
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medicinal University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Ben Stanger
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Courtney W. Houchen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Oklahoma Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
- COARE Biotechnology Inc., Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
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Goh JN, Loo SY, Datta A, Siveen KS, Yap WN, Cai W, Shin EM, Wang C, Kim JE, Chan M, Dharmarajan AM, Lee ASG, Lobie PE, Yap CT, Kumar AP. microRNAs in breast cancer: regulatory roles governing the hallmarks of cancer. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2015; 91:409-28. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jen N. Goh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
| | - Ser Y. Loo
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
- Department of Physiology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117597 Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138672 Singapore
| | - Arpita Datta
- Department of Physiology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117597 Singapore
| | - Kodappully S. Siveen
- Department of Pharmacology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
| | - Wei N. Yap
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
| | - Wanpei Cai
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
| | - Eun M. Shin
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
| | - Chao Wang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
| | - Ji E. Kim
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
| | - Maurice Chan
- Division of Medical Sciences; National Cancer Centre; Singapore 169610 Singapore
| | - Arun M. Dharmarajan
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Biosciences Research Precinct, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University; 6845 Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Ann S.-G. Lee
- Department of Physiology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117597 Singapore
- Division of Medical Sciences; National Cancer Centre; Singapore 169610 Singapore
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School; Singapore 169857 Singapore
| | - Peter E. Lobie
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
- National University Cancer Institute; Singapore 1192288 Singapore
| | - Celestial T. Yap
- Department of Physiology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117597 Singapore
- National University Cancer Institute; Singapore 1192288 Singapore
| | - Alan P. Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Biosciences Research Precinct, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University; 6845 Perth Western Australia Australia
- National University Cancer Institute; Singapore 1192288 Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of North Texas; Denton TX 76203-5017 U.S.A
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Clinical implications of miRNAs in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of pancreatic cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 81:16-33. [PMID: 25453266 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite considerable progress being made in understanding pancreatic cancer (PC) pathogenesis, it still remains the 10th most often diagnosed malignancy in the world and 4th leading cause of cancer related deaths in the United States with a five year survival rate of only 6%. The aggressive nature, lack of early diagnostic and prognostic markers, late clinical presentation, and limited efficacy of existing treatment regimens make PC a lethal cancer with high mortality and poor prognosis. Therefore, novel reliable biomarkers and molecular targets are urgently needed to combat this deadly disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (19-24 nucleotides) non-coding RNA molecules implicated in the regulation of gene expression at post-transcriptional level and play significant roles in various physiological and pathological conditions. Aberrant expression of miRNAs has been reported in several cancers including PC and is implicated in PC pathogenesis and progression, suggesting their utility in diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. In this review, we summarize the role of several miRNAs that regulate various oncogenes (KRAS) and tumor suppressor genes (p53, p16, SMAD4, etc.) involved in PC development, their prospective roles as diagnostic and prognostic markers and as a therapeutic targets.
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Wang H, Jiang Y, Peng H, Chen Y, Zhu P, Huang Y. Recent progress in microRNA delivery for cancer therapy by non-viral synthetic vectors. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 81:142-60. [PMID: 25450259 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression. Because of significant changes in their expression in cancer, miRNAs are believed to be key factors in cancer genetics and to have potential as anticancer drugs. However, the delivery of miRNAs is limited by many barriers, such as low cellular uptake, immunogenicity, renal clearance, degradation by nucleases, elimination by phagocytic immune cells, poor endosomal release, and untoward side effects. Nonviral delivery systems have been developed to overcome these obstacles. In this review, we provide insights into the development of non-viral synthetic miRNA vectors and the promise of miRNA-based anticancer therapies, including therapeutic applications of miRNAs, challenges of vector design to overcome the delivery obstacles, and the development of miRNA delivery systems for cancer therapy. Additionally, we highlight some representative examples that give a glimpse into the current trends into the design and application of efficient synthetic systems for miRNA delivery. Overall, a better understanding of the rational design of miRNA delivery systems will promote their translation into effective clinical treatments.
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Cote GA, Gore AJ, McElyea SD, Heathers LE, Xu H, Sherman S, Korc M. A pilot study to develop a diagnostic test for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma based on differential expression of select miRNA in plasma and bile. Am J Gastroenterol 2014; 109:1942-52. [PMID: 25350767 PMCID: PMC4261139 DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2014.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Accurate peripheral markers for the diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are lacking. We measured the differential expression of select microRNAs (miRNAs) in plasma and bile among patients with PDAC, chronic pancreatitis (CP), and controls. METHODS We identified patients (n=215) with treatment-naive PDAC (n=77), CP with bile/pancreatic duct pathology (n=67), and controls (n=71) who had been prospectively enrolled in a Pancreatobiliary Biorepository at the time of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography or endoscopic ultrasound. Controls were patients with choledocholithiasis but normal pancreata. The sample was separated into training (n=95) and validation (n=120) cohorts to establish and then test the performance of PDAC Signature Panels in diagnosing PDAC. The training cohort (n=95) included age-matched patients with PDAC, CP, and controls. Panels were derived from the differential expression of 10 candidate miRNAs in plasma or bile. We selected miRNAs having excellent accuracy for inclusion in regression models. RESULTS Using the training cohort, we confirmed the differential expression of 9/10 miRNAs in plasma (miR-10b, -30c, -106b, -132, -155, -181a, -181b, -196a, and -212) and 7/10 in bile (excluding miR-21, -132, and -181b). Of these, five (miR-10b, -155, -106b, -30c, and -212) had excellent accuracy for distinguishing PDAC. In the training and validation cohorts, the sensitivity/specificity for a PDAC Panel derived from plasma was 95/100% and 100/100%, respectively; in bile, these were 96/100% and 100/100%. CONCLUSIONS Increased expression of miRNA-10b, -155, and -106b in plasma appears highly accurate in diagnosing PDAC. Additional studies are needed to confirm this Panel and explore its value as a prognostic test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Cote
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - A Jesse Gore
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and the Pancreatic Cancer Signature Center at the IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Samantha D McElyea
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and the Pancreatic Cancer Signature Center at the IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Laura E Heathers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Huiping Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Stuart Sherman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Murray Korc
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and the Pancreatic Cancer Signature Center at the IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA,IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Walther Hall, R3 C528, 980 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA. E-mail:
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Bofill-De Ros X, Gironella M, Fillat C. miR-148a- and miR-216a-regulated oncolytic adenoviruses targeting pancreatic tumors attenuate tissue damage without perturbation of miRNA activity. Mol Ther 2014; 22:1665-77. [PMID: 24895996 PMCID: PMC4435498 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2014.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy shows promise for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) treatment, but there is the need to minimize associated-toxicities. In the current work, we engineered artificial target sites recognized by miR-216a and/or miR-148a to provide pancreatic tumor-selectivity to replication-competent adenoviruses (Ad-miRTs) and improve their safety profile. Expression analysis in PDAC patients identified miR-148a and miR-216a downregulated in resectable (FC(miR-148a) = 0.044, P < 0.05; FC(miR-216a) = 0.017, P < 0.05), locally advanced (FC(miR-148a) = 0.038, P < 0.001; FC(miR-216a) = 0.001, P < 0.001) and metastatic tumors (FC(miR-148a) = 0.041, P < 0.01; FC(miR-216a) = 0.002, P < 0.001). In mouse tissues, miR-216a was highly specific of the exocrine pancreas whereas miR-148a was abundant in the exocrine pancreas, Langerhans islets, and the liver. In line with the miRNA content and the miRNA target site design, we show E1A gene expression and viral propagation efficiently controlled in Ad-miRT-infected cells. Consequently, Ad-miRT-infected mice presented reduced pancreatic and liver damage without perturbation of the endogenous miRNAs and their targets. Interestingly, the 8-miR148aT design showed repressing activity by all miR-148/152 family members with significant detargeting effects in the pancreas and liver. Ad-miRTs preserved their oncolytic activity and triggered strong antitumoral responses. This study provides preclinical evidences of miR-148a and miR-216a target site insertions to confer adenoviral selectivity and proposes 8-miR148aT as an optimal detargeting strategy for genetically-engineered therapies against PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Bofill-De Ros
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meritxell Gironella
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Fillat
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer-IDIBAPS, Rosselló 149–153, 08036-Barcelona, Spain. E-mail:
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