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Wang N, Xu X, Guan F, Lin Y, Ye Y, Zhou J, Feng J, Li S, Ye J, Tang Z, Gao W, Sun B, Shen Y, Sun L, Song Y, Jin L, Li X, Cong W, Zhu Z. FGF12 Positively Regulates Keratinocyte Proliferation by Stabilizing MDM2 and Inhibiting p53 Activity in Psoriasis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2400107. [PMID: 39234815 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease characterized by abnormal proliferation and inflammation of epidermal keratinocytes. Fibroblast growth factor 12 (FGF12) is implicated in the regulation of diverse cellular signals; however, its precise mechanism in psoriasis requires further investigation. In this study, high expression of FGF12 is observed in the epidermis of skin lesion in psoriasis patients and imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis like-dermatitis. Moreover, specific loss of FGF12 in keratinocytes in IMQ-induced psoriasis model alleviates psoriasis-like symptoms and reduces proliferation. In vitro RNA sequencing demonstrates that knockdown of FGF12 effectively arrests the cell cycle, inhibits cell proliferation, and predominantly regulates the p53 signaling pathway. Mechanistically, FGF12 is selectively bound to the RING domain of MDM2, thus partially inhibiting the binding of β-Trcp to MDM2. This interaction inhibits β-Trcp-induced-K48 ubiquitination degradation of MDM2, thereby suppressing the activity of the p53 signaling pathway, which results in excessive cell proliferation. Last, the alleviatory effect of FGF12 deficiency on psoriasis progression is reversed by p53 knockdown. In summary, these findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms by which FGF12 suppresses p53 signaling in keratinocytes, exacerbating the development of psoriasis. This positive regulatory loop highlights the potential of FGF12 as a therapeutic target to manage psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Xiejun Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Fangqian Guan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yifan Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yizhou Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jianjun Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Sihang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Junbo Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Zhouhao Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Wenjie Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Bohao Sun
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yingjie Shen
- School of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Yonghuan Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Litai Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Weitao Cong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Zhongxin Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
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Khan MF, Alanazi RF, Baabbad AA, Almoutiri ND, Wadaan MA. Angiogenic protein profiling, phytochemical screening and in silico anti-cancer targets validation of stem, leaves, fruit, and seeds of Calotropis procera in human liver and breast cancer cell lines. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 256:119180. [PMID: 38795948 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
The main focus of anticancer drug discovery is on developing medications that are gentle on normal cells and should have the ability to target multiple anti-cancer pathways. Liver cancer is becoming a worldwide epidemic due to the highest occurring and reoccurring rate in some countries. Calotropis procera is a xerophytic herbal plant growing wildly in Saudi Arabia. Due to its anti-angiogenic and anticancer capabilities, "C. procera" is a viable option for developing innovative anticancer medicines. However, no study has been done previously, to discover angiogenic and anti-cancer targets which are regulated by C. procera in liver cancer. In this study, leaves, stems, flowers, and seeds of C. procera were used to prepare crude extracts and were fractionated into four solvents of diverse polarities. These bioactivity-guided solvent fractions helped to identify useful compounds with minimal side effects. The phytoconstituents present in the leaves and stem were identified by GC-MS. In silico studies were done to predict the anti-cancer targets by major bioactive constituents present in leaves and stem extracts. A human angiogenesis antibody array was performed to profile novel angiogenic targets. The results from this study showed that C. procera extracts are an ideal anti-cancer remedy with minimum toxicity to normal cells as revealed by zebrafish in vivo toxicity screening assays. The novel antiangiogenic and anticancer targets identified in this study could be explored to design medication against liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Farooq Khan
- Bioproducts Research chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rawan Frhan Alanazi
- Bioproducts Research chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Almohannad A Baabbad
- Bioproducts Research chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nawaf D Almoutiri
- Bioproducts Research chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Ahmad Wadaan
- Bioproducts Research chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Xing S, Li D, Zhao Q. RPL22L1 is a novel biomarker for prognosis and immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma, promoting the growth and metastasis of LUAD cells by inhibiting the MDM2/P53 signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:12392-12413. [PMID: 39207452 PMCID: PMC11424578 DOI: 10.18632/aging.206096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The ribosomal protein L22-like1 (RPL22L1) is a constituent of the 60 S ribosomal subunit whose function in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains ambiguous. This study aims to elucidate the role of RPL22L1 in LUAD through a thorough analysis and experimental validation. Our findings indicate that RPL22L1 exhibits abnormal expression patterns in various cancer types, including LUAD. Moreover, a statistically significant association was observed between elevated levels of RPL22L1 expression in LUAD patients and several clinical parameters, such as pathological stage (p = 0.0083) and gender (p = 0.0038). The high expression of RPL22L1 in LUAD demonstrated a significant association with poorer overall survival (OS) (p = 0.005), progression-free survival (PFS) (p = 0.027), and disease-specific survival (p = 0.015). The expression of RPL22L1 in LUAD (p = 0.005) was identified as an independent prognostic factor. Additionally, RPL22L1 expression in LUAD was found to be correlated with immune infiltration, immune checkpoint genes, TMB/MSI, and mRNAsi. Notably, the expression of RPL22L1 exhibited significant negative correlations with 1-BET-762, Trametinib, and WZ3105 in LUAD. The RPL22L1 gene exhibited up-regulation in multiple individual cells of LUAD, leading to a comparatively shorter PFS in the RPL22L1 variant group as opposed to the RPL22L1 variant-free group in LUAD. Significantly increased expression of RPL22L1 was noted in LUAD cell lines, where it was found to enhance the growth and metastasis of LUAD cells by suppressing the MDM2/P53 signaling pathway. Therefore, RPL22L1 may serve as a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for patients with LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigui Xing
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Gaochun People’s Hospital, Nanjing 211300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongbing Li
- Scientific Research Center, Beijing ChosenMed Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
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Wang Y, Wang G, Xiang W, Liu X, Jiang M, Hu J. Proteasome activation is critical for cell death induced by inhibitors of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) in multiple cancers. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 972:176558. [PMID: 38614382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Inhibitors of polo-like kinase (PLK) are currently being evaluated as anticancer drugs. However, the molecular mechanism of PLK inhibitor-induced cell death is not fully understood. In this study, we found that GW843682X and BI2536, two inhibitors of PLK1, significantly induced cell death in multiple type cells. The induction of cell death was related to the preferring expression of PLK1. However, in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human colorectal carcinoma cells, which expressed higher levels of both PLK1 and PLK2, PLK1 inhibitors induced very low levels of cell death. Clinical analysis reveals PLK1 presence in 26 of 30 NPC tumor tissues. In in vivo NPC lung metastasis nude mouse models, PLK1 inhibitors decreased NPC progress. Mechanistically, the PLK1 inhibitor did not activate p53, and the cell death was not reversed by p53 inhibition. Moreover, PLK1 inhibitor-induced cell death was PARP- and caspase-independent. Although PLK1 inhibitors induced down-regulation of calpain inhibitor calpastatin and calpain was activated by PLK1 inhibition, calpain blocking did not reverse cell death induced by PLK1 inhibitors, suggesting the non-involvement of calpain. Surprisingly, we found that PLK1 inhibitors induced the activation of proteasome, and the treatment of cells with PLK1 inhibitors reduced the levels of ubiquitinated proteins. And proteasome inhibitors reversed cell death induced by PLK1 inhibitors in various cell types in which PLK1 was preferentially expressed. Moreover, PLK1 inhibition reversed the degradation of proteins including p53, caspase 8, PARP and calpastatin. These results suggest that the activation of proteasome is critical for cell death induced by PLK1 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Wang
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital of Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Guihua Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital of Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital of Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Xueting Liu
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital of Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Manli Jiang
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital of Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Jinyue Hu
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital of Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, 410004, China.
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5
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Luo X, Zhang Z, Li S, Wang Y, Sun M, Hu D, Jiang J, Wang Y, Ji X, Chen X, Zhang B, Liang H, Li Y, Liu B, Xu X, Wang S, Xu S, Nie Y, Wu K, Fan D, Liu D, Huang W, Xia L. SRSF10 facilitates HCC growth and metastasis by suppressing CD8 +T cell infiltration and targeting SRSF10 enhances anti-PD-L1 therapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111376. [PMID: 38113691 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS RNA splicing is an essential step in regulating the gene posttranscriptional expression. Serine/arginine-rich splicing factors (SRSFs) are splicing regulators with vital roles in various tumors. Nevertheless, the expression patterns and functions of SRSFs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are not fully understood. METHODS Flow cytometry and immunofluorescent staining were used to determine the CD8+T cell infiltration. Orthotopic HCC model, lung metastasis model, DEN/CCl4 model, Srsf10△hep model, and Srsf10HepOE model were established to evaluate the role of SRSF10 in HCC and the efficacy of combination treatment. RESULTS SRSF10 was one of the most survival-relevant genes among SRSF members and was an independent prognostic factor for HCC. SRSF10 facilitated HCC growth and metastasis by suppressing CD8+T cell infiltration. Mechanistically, SRSF10 down-regulated the p53 protein by preventing the exon 6 skipping (exon 7 in mouse) mediated degradation of MDM4 transcript, thus inhibiting CD8+T cell infiltration. Elimination of CD8+T cells or overexpression of MDM4 removed the inhibitory role of SRSF10 knockdown in HCC growth and metastasis. SRSF10 also inhibited the IFNα/γ signaling pathway and promoted the HIF1α-mediated up-regulation of PD-L1 in HCC. Hepatocyte-specific SRSF10 deficiency alleviated the DEN/CCl4-induced HCC progression and metastasis, whereas hepatocyte-specific SRSF10 overexpression deteriorated these effects. Finally, SRSF10 knockdown enhanced the anti-PD-L1-mediated anti-tumor activity. CONCLUSIONS SRSF10 promoted HCC growth and metastasis by repressing CD8+T cell infiltration mediated by the MDM4-p53 axis. Furthermore, SRSF10 suppressed the IFNα/γ signaling pathway and induced the HIF1α signal mediated PD-L1 up-regulation. Targeting SRSF10 combined with anti-PD-L1 therapy showed promising efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyuan Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zerui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Siwen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yijun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Mengyu Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dian Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Junqing Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Huifang Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yiwei Li
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Bifeng Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Shengjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an 710032, China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an 710032, China
| | - Daiming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an 710032, China
| | - Danfei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Limin Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China; State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an 710032, China.
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6
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Wang C, Kang H, Yi Y, Ding Y, Wang F, Luo J, Ye M, Hong Y, Xia C, Yan J, Liu L, Liu J, Zhong Z, Zhang Z, Zhao Q, Chang Y. Rictor mediates p53 deactivation to facilitate the malignant transformation of hepatocytes and promote hepatocarcinogenesis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:919. [PMID: 38110956 PMCID: PMC10729423 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04799-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in TP53 gene is considered a main driver of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While TP53 mutations are the leading cause of p53 dysfunction, their occurrence rates may drop to approximately 10% in cohorts without hepatitis B virus and aflatoxin exposure. This observation suggests that the deactivation of wild-type p53 (p53wt) may be a critical factor in the majority of HCC cases. However, the mechanism undermining p53wt activity in the liver remains unclear. METHODS Microarray analysis and luciferase assay were utilized to confirm target associations. Gain- and/or loss-of-function methods were employed to assess alterations in signaling pathways. Protein interactions were analyzed by molecular immunological methods and further visualized by confocal microscopy. Bioinformatic analysis was performed to analyze clinical significance. Tumor xenograft nude mice were used to validate the findings in vivo. RESULTS Our study highlights the oncogenic role of Rictor, a key component of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2), in hepatocytes. Rictor exerts its oncogenic function by binding to p53wt and subsequently blocking p53wt activity based on p53 status, requiring the involvement of mTOR. Moreover, we observed a dynamic nucleocytoplasmic distribution pattern of Rictor, characterized by its translocation from the nucleus (in precancerous lesions) to the cytoplasm (in HCCs) during malignant transformation. Notably, Rictor is directly targeted by the liver-enriched microRNA miR-192, and the disruption of the miR-192-Rictor-p53-miR-192 signaling axis was consistently observed in both human and rat HCC models. Clinical analysis associated lower miR-192/higher Rictor with shorter overall survival and more advanced clinical stages (P < 0.05). In mice, xenograft tumors overexpressing miR-192 exhibited lower Rictor expression levels, leading to higher p53 activity, and these tumors displayed slower growth compared to untreated HCC cells. CONCLUSIONS Rictor dynamically shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm during HCC development. Its pivotal oncogenic role involves binding and inhibiting p53wt activity within the nucleus in early hepatocarcinogenesis. Targeting Rictor presents a promising strategy for HCC based on p53 status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hui Kang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yun Yi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yang Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Mingliang Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yinghui Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Chao Xia
- Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Junwei Yan
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan Central Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zibiao Zhong
- Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhonglin Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Ying Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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7
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Xu X, Zhang L, Ye G, Shi J, Peng Y, Xin F, Lin Y, Wu Q, Lin X, Chen W. Hepatitis B doubly spliced protein (HBDSP) promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell apoptosis via ETS1/GATA2/YY1-mediated p53 transcription. J Virol 2023; 97:e0108723. [PMID: 37929990 PMCID: PMC10688342 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01087-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Hepatitis B virus (HBV) spliced variants are associated with viral persistence or pathogenicity. Hepatitis B doubly spliced protein (HBDSP), which has been previously reported as a pleiotropic transactivator protein, can potentially serve as an HBV virulence factor. However, the underlying mechanisms of HBDSP in HBV-associated liver diseases remain to be elucidated. In this study, we revealed that HBDSP promotes cellular apoptosis and induces wt-p53-dependent apoptotic signaling pathway in wt-p53 hepatocellular cells by transactivating p53 transcription, and increases the release of HBV progeny. Therefore, HBDSP may promote the HBV particles release through wt-p53-dependent hepatocellular apoptosis. Our findings suggest that blocking HBDSP-induced wt-p53-dependent apoptosis might have therapeutic values for chronic hepatitis B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiazhen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guiying Ye
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiajian Shi
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yibin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fan Xin
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wannan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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8
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Gołąbek K, Hudy D, Gaździcka J, Miśkiewicz-Orczyk K, Nowak-Chmura M, Asman M, Komosińska-Vassev K, Ścierski W, Golusiński W, Misiołek M, Strzelczyk JK. The Analysis of Selected miRNAs and Target MDM2 Gene Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3053. [PMID: 38002053 PMCID: PMC10668942 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs could play an important role in tumorigenesis and progression. The oncoprotein MDM2 (murine double minute 2) was identified as a negative regulator of the tumour suppressor p53. This study aims to analyse the expression of the MDM2 target miRNA candidates (miR-3613-3p, miR-371b-5p and miR-3658) and the MDM2 gene in oral squamous cell carcinoma tumour and margin samples and their association with the selected socio-demographic and clinicopathological characteristics. The study group consisted of 50 patients. The miRNAs and MDM2 gene expression levels were assessed by qPCR. The expression analysis of the miRNAs showed the expression of only one of them, i.e., miR-3613-3p. We found no statistically significant differences in the miR-3613-3p expression in tumour samples compared to the margin samples. When analysing the effect of smoking on miR-3613-3p expression, we demonstrated a statistically significant difference between smokers and non-smokers. In addition, we showed an association between the miR-3613-3p expression level and some clinical parameters in tumour samples (T, N and G). Our study demonstrates that miR-3613-3p overexpression is involved in the tumour progression of OSCC. This indicates that miR-3613-3p possesses potential prognostic values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Gołąbek
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Dorota Hudy
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Gaździcka
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Miśkiewicz-Orczyk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Oncological Laryngology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 10 C Skłodowska St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Magdalena Nowak-Chmura
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracov, Podbrzezie 3 St., 31-054 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Asman
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Komosińska-Vassev
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 8 Jedności St., 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Wojciech Ścierski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Oncological Laryngology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 10 C Skłodowska St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Wojciech Golusiński
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 15 Garbary St., 61-866 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Misiołek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Oncological Laryngology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 10 C Skłodowska St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
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9
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Li Y, Zhu J, Yu Z, Zhai F, Li H, Jin X. Regulation of apoptosis by ubiquitination in liver cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:4832-4871. [PMID: 37970337 PMCID: PMC10636691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is a programmed cell death process critical to cell development and tissue homeostasis in multicellular organisms. Defective apoptosis is a crucial step in the malignant transformation of cells, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), where the apoptosis rate is higher than in normal liver tissues. Ubiquitination, a post-translational modification process, plays a precise role in regulating the formation and function of different death-signaling complexes, including those involved in apoptosis. Aberrant expression of E3 ubiquitin ligases (E3s) in liver cancer (LC), such as cellular inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (cIAPs), X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP), and linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC), can contribute to HCC development by promoting cell survival and inhibiting apoptosis. Therefore, the review introduces the main apoptosis pathways and the regulation of proteins in these pathways by E3s and deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). It summarizes the abnormal expression of these regulators in HCC and their effects on cancer inhibition or promotion. Understanding the role of ubiquitination in apoptosis and LC can provide insights into potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center of LiHuiLi Hospital, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315040, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center of LiHuiLi Hospital, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315040, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Zongdong Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center of LiHuiLi Hospital, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315040, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Fengguang Zhai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center of LiHuiLi Hospital, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315040, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center of LiHuiLi Hospital, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315040, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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10
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Xiong W, Yang C, Xia J, Wang W, Li N. G. lucidum triterpenes restores intestinal flora balance in non-hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: evidence of 16S rRNA sequencing and network pharmacology analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1197418. [PMID: 37790812 PMCID: PMC10544910 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1197418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) is a popular traditional remedy medicine used in Asia to promote health and longevity, which has also been highlighted for anti-cancer effects. This study investigated the molecular pharmacological mechanism of G. lucidum triterpenes in influencing intestinal flora imbalance in non-hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on 16S rRNA sequencing technology and network pharmacology analysis. Methods: 16S rRNA sequencing data of fecal samples from normal controls and HCC patients were obtained from the SRA database. G. lucidum triterpenes and HCC-related targets were screened by BATMAN-TCM, ETCM, and GeneCards databases. The TCGA-LIHC dataset was downloaded through the TCGA database to analyze the differential expression of key genes. NHBV-related HCC-related transcriptome RNA sequencing dataset was downloaded via the GEO database. Results: Abundance of intestinal flora in the HBV-related HCC and NHBV-related samples was higher than that of control samples. The intestinal flora of NHBV samples was mainly enriched in apoptosis and p53 pathways. Totally, 465 G. lucidum triterpenes-related targets were intersected with 4186 HCC-related targets, yielding 176 intersected targets. Among them, apoptosis and p53 pathway factors were located at the core of the protein-protein interactions network. Ganosporelactone B, the active component of G. lucidum triterpenes, had the lowest binding free energy to CASP3. CASP3 expression were upregulated in HCC tissue samples, and had higher predictive value in NHBV-related HCC patients. Conclusion: Therefore, Ganosporelactone B, the active ingredient of G. lucidum triterpenes, improves the imbalance of intestinal flora and ultimately curtails development of NHBV-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wenxiang Wang
- Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing, China
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11
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Choudhary HB, Mandlik SK, Mandlik DS. Role of p53 suppression in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2023; 14:46-70. [PMID: 37304923 PMCID: PMC10251250 DOI: 10.4291/wjgp.v14.i3.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the world, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the top 10 most prevalent malignancies. HCC formation has indeed been linked to numerous etiological factors, including alcohol usage, hepatitis viruses and liver cirrhosis. Among the most prevalent defects in a wide range of tumours, notably HCC, is the silencing of the p53 tumour suppressor gene. The control of the cell cycle and the preservation of gene function are both critically important functions of p53. In order to pinpoint the core mechanisms of HCC and find more efficient treatments, molecular research employing HCC tissues has been the main focus. Stimulated p53 triggers necessary reactions that achieve cell cycle arrest, genetic stability, DNA repair and the elimination of DNA-damaged cells’ responses to biological stressors (like oncogenes or DNA damage). To the contrary hand, the oncogene protein of the murine double minute 2 (MDM2) is a significant biological inhibitor of p53. MDM2 causes p53 protein degradation, which in turn adversely controls p53 function. Despite carrying wt-p53, the majority of HCCs show abnormalities in the p53-expressed apoptotic pathway. High p53 in-vivo expression might have two clinical impacts on HCC: (1) Increased levels of exogenous p53 protein cause tumour cells to undergo apoptosis by preventing cell growth through a number of biological pathways; and (2) Exogenous p53 makes HCC susceptible to various anticancer drugs. This review describes the functions and primary mechanisms of p53 in pathological mechanism, chemoresistance and therapeutic mechanisms of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena B Choudhary
- Department of Pharmacology, BVDU, Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune 411038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Satish K Mandlik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, BVDU, Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune 411038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Deepa S Mandlik
- Department of Pharmacology, BVDU, Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune 411038, Maharashtra, India
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12
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Can MRI features predict clinically relevant hepatocellular carcinoma genetic subtypes? Abdom Radiol (NY) 2023; 48:1955-1964. [PMID: 36933025 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-03876-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent studies in cancer genomics have revealed core drivers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis. We aim to study whether MRI features can serve as non-invasive markers for the prediction of common genetic subtypes of HCC. METHODS Sequencing of 447 cancer-implicated genes was performed on 43 pathology proven HCC from 42 patients, who underwent contrast-enhanced MRI followed by biopsy or resection. MRI features were retrospectively evaluated including tumor size, infiltrative tumor margin, diffusion restriction, arterial phase hyperenhancement, non-peripheral washout, enhancing capsule, peritumoral enhancement, tumor in vein, fat in mass, blood products in mass, cirrhosis and tumor heterogeneity. Fisher's exact test was used to correlate genetic subtypes with imaging features. Prediction performance using correlated MRI features for genetic subtype and inter-reader agreement were assessed. RESULTS The two most prevalent genetic mutations were TP53 (13/43, 30%) and CTNNB1 (17/43, 40%). Tumors with TP53 mutation more often demonstrated an infiltrative tumor margin on MRI (p = 0.01); inter-reader agreement was almost perfect (kappa = 0.95). The CTNNB1 mutation was associated with peritumoral enhancement on MRI (p = 0.04), inter-reader agreement was substantial (kappa = 0.74). The MRI feature of an infiltrative tumor margin correlated with the TP53 mutation with accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 74.4%, 61.5% and 80.0%, respectively. Peritumoral enhancement correlated with the CTNNB1 mutation with accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 69.8%, 47.0% and 84.6%, respectively. CONCLUSION An infiltrative tumor margin on MRI correlated with TP53 mutation and peritumoral enhancement correlated with CTNNB1 mutation in HCC. Absence of these MRI features are potential negative predictors of the respective HCC genetic subtypes that have implications for prognosis and treatment response.
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13
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Azemin WA, Alias N, Ali AM, Shamsir MS. Structural and functional characterisation of HepTH1-5 peptide as a potential hepcidin replacement. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:681-704. [PMID: 34870559 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.2011415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Hepcidin is a principal regulator of iron homeostasis and its dysregulation has been recognised as a causative factor in cancers and iron disorders. The strategy of manipulating the presence of hepcidin peptide has been used for cancer treatment. However, this has demonstrated poor efficiency and has been short-lived in patients. Many studies reported using minihepcidin therapy as an alternative way to treat hepcidin dysregulation, but this was only applied to non-cancer patients. Highly conserved fish hepcidin protein, HepTH1-5, was investigated to determine its potential use in developing a hepcidin replacement for human hepcidin (Hepc25) and as a therapeutic agent by targeting the tumour suppressor protein, p53, through structure-function analysis. The authors found that HepTH1-5 is stably bound to ferroportin, compared to Hepc25, by triggering the ferroportin internalisation via Lys42 and Lys270 ubiquitination, in a similar manner to the Hepc25 activity. Moreover, the residues Ile24 and Gly24, along with copper and zinc ligands, interacted with similar residues, Lys24 and Asp1 of Hepc25, respectively, showing that those molecules are crucial to the hepcidin replacement strategy. HepTH1-5 interacts with p53 and activates its function through phosphorylation. This finding shows that HepTH1-5 might be involved in the apoptosis signalling pathway upon a DNA damage response. This study will be very helpful for understanding the mechanism of the hepcidin replacement and providing insights into the HepTH1-5 peptide as a new target for hepcidin and cancer therapeutics.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Atirah Azemin
- School of Agriculture Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia.,Bioinformatics Research Group (BIRG), Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Nadiawati Alias
- School of Agriculture Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Manaf Ali
- School of Agriculture Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shahir Shamsir
- Bioinformatics Research Group (BIRG), Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.,Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Higher Education Hub, Muar, Johor, Malaysia
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14
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Gromowski T, Lukacs-Kornek V, Cisowski J. Current view of liver cancer cell-of-origin and proposed mechanisms precluding its proper determination. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:3. [PMID: 36609378 PMCID: PMC9824961 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02843-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma are devastating primary liver cancers with increasing prevalence in many parts of the world. Despite intense investigation, many aspects of their biology are still largely obscure. For example, numerous studies have tackled the question of the cell-of-origin of primary liver cancers using different experimental approaches; they have not, however, provided a clear and undisputed answer. Here, we will review the evidence from animal models supporting the role of all major types of liver epithelial cells: hepatocytes, cholangiocytes, and their common progenitor as liver cancer cell-of-origin. Moreover, we will also propose mechanisms that promote liver cancer cell plasticity (dedifferentiation, transdifferentiation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition) which may contribute to misinterpretation of the results and which make the issue of liver cancer cell-of-origin particularly complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Gromowski
- grid.5522.00000 0001 2162 9631Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Veronika Lukacs-Kornek
- grid.10388.320000 0001 2240 3300Institute of Experimental Immunology, University Hospital of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jaroslaw Cisowski
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
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15
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Tümen D, Heumann P, Gülow K, Demirci CN, Cosma LS, Müller M, Kandulski A. Pathogenesis and Current Treatment Strategies of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:3202. [PMID: 36551958 PMCID: PMC9775527 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent liver cancer with high lethality and low five-year survival rates leading to a substantial worldwide burden for healthcare systems. HCC initiation and progression are favored by different etiological risk factors including hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, non-/and alcoholic fatty liver disease (N/AFLD), and tobacco smoking. In molecular pathogenesis, endogenous alteration in genetics (TP53, TERT, CTNNB1, etc.), epigenetics (DNA-methylation, miRNA, lncRNA, etc.), and dysregulation of key signaling pathways (Wnt/β-catenin, JAK/STAT, etc.) strongly contribute to the development of HCC. The multitude and complexity of different pathomechanisms also reflect the difficulties in tailored medical therapy of HCC. Treatment options for HCC are strictly dependent on tumor staging and liver function, which are structured by the updated Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer classification system. Surgical resection, local ablative techniques, and liver transplantation are valid and curative therapeutic options for early tumor stages. For multifocal and metastatic diseases, systemic therapy is recommended. While Sorafenib had been the standalone HCC first-line therapy for decades, recent developments had led to the approval of new treatment options as first-line as well as second-line treatment. Anti-PD-L1 directed combination therapies either with anti-VEGF directed agents or with anti-CTLA-4 active substances have been implemented as the new treatment standard in the first-line setting. However, data from clinical trials indicate different responses on specific therapeutic regimens depending on the underlying pathogenesis of hepatocellular cancer. Therefore, histopathological examinations have been re-emphasized by current international clinical guidelines in addition to the standardized radiological diagnosis using contrast-enhanced cross-sectional imaging. In this review, we emphasize the current knowledge on molecular pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. On this occasion, the treatment sequences for early and advanced tumor stages according to the recently updated Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer classification system and the current algorithm of systemic therapy (first-, second-, and third-line treatment) are summarized. Furthermore, we discuss novel precautional and pre-therapeutic approaches including therapeutic vaccination, adoptive cell transfer, locoregional therapy enhancement, and non-coding RNA-based therapy as promising treatment options. These novel treatments may prolong overall survival rates in regard with quality of life and liver function as mainstay of HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Arne Kandulski
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases University Hospital Regensburg Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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16
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Dhara S, Chakraborty K. Apoptotic effect of sulfated galactofucan from marine macroalga Turbinaria ornata on hepatocellular and ductal carcinoma cells. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 203:113363. [PMID: 35944609 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tumor protein or cellular tumor antigen p53, is considered a critical transcriptional regulation factor, which can suppress the growth of tumor cells by activating other functional genes. The current study appraised the p53 activation pathways, which could be used as an alternative therapeutic strategy for the treatment of hepatocellular and ductal carcinoma. Algal polysaccharides have been used as emerging sources of bioactive natural pharmacophores. A sulfated galactofucan characterized as [→1)-O-4-sulfonato-α-fucopyranose-(3 → 1)-α-fucopyranose-(3→] as the main branch with [→1)-6-O-acetyl-β-galactopyranose-(4→] as side chain isolated from marine macroalga Turbinaria ornata exhibited prospective apoptosis on HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma) and MCF7 (ductal carcinoma) cells. Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate-propidium iodide study displayed higher early apoptosis in MCF7 and HepG2 cell lines (56 and 24.2%, respectively) treated with TOP-3 (at IC50 concentration) than those administered with standard camptothecin. Upregulation of the p53 gene expression was perceived in TOP-3 treated HepG2 and MCF7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhajit Dhara
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P.B. No. 1603, Cochin, India; Department of Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, 574199, Karnataka State, India
| | - Kajal Chakraborty
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P.B. No. 1603, Cochin, India.
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17
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Wu K, Jia S, Xue D, Rajput SA, Liu M, Qi D, Wang S. Dual effects of zearalenone on aflatoxin B1-induced liver and mammary gland toxicity in pregnant and lactating rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 245:114115. [PMID: 36179448 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Food and feed are frequently co-contaminated with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and zearalenone (ZEN). This study investigated the effects of ZEN on the AFB1-induced liver and mammary gland toxicity in pregnant and lactating rats. AFB1 and ZEN co-exposure inhibited the growth of rats and caused oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in the liver and mammary gland. Compared with the AFB1-only group, damage was aggravated in the AFB1 + 10 mg/kg ZEN group, and the AFB1 + 1 mg/kg ZEN group showed a reduction in some metrics. The metabolomic results of the mammary gland showed that metabolite changes were mainly in lipid, amino acid, and glucose metabolism. Compared with the AFB1 + 0 mg/kg ZEN group, the AFB1 + 1 mg/kg ZEN group had the most metabolite changes. Moreover, AFB1 and ZEN co-exposure reduced the levels of sex hormones and RNA m6A methylation in the mammary gland. We speculate that ZEN affects the toxicity of AFB1 to the liver and mammary gland by interfering with the function of sex hormones, regulating cell proliferation and metabolic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuntan Wu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Sifan Jia
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dongfang Xue
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shahid Ali Rajput
- Department of Animal Feed and Production, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Minjie Liu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Desheng Qi
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Investigation of Anti-Liver Cancer Activity of the Herbal Drug FDY003 Using Network Pharmacology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5765233. [PMID: 36118098 PMCID: PMC9481369 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5765233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Globally, liver cancer (LC) is the sixth-most frequently occurring and the second-most fatal malignancy, responsible for 0.83 million deaths annually. Although the application of herbal drugs in cancer therapies has increased, their anti-LC activity and relevant mechanisms have not been fully studied from a systems perspective. To address these issues, we conducted a system-perspective network pharmacological investigation into the activity and mechanisms underlying the action of the herbal drug. FDY003 reduced the viability of human LC treatment. FDY003 reduced the viability of human LC cells and elevated their chemosensitivity. There were a total of 16 potential bioactive chemical components in FDY003 and they had 91 corresponding targets responsible for the pathological processes in LC. These FDY003 targets were functionally involved in regulating the survival, proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle of LC cells. Additionally, we found that FDY003 may target key signaling cascades connected to diverse LC pathological mechanisms, namely, PI3K-Akt, focal adhesion, IL-17, FoxO, MAPK, and TNF pathways. Overall, this study contributed to integrative mechanistic insights into the anti-LC potential of FDY003.
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19
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Makino Y, Hikita H, Fukumoto K, Sung JH, Sakano Y, Murai K, Sakane S, Kodama T, Sakamori R, Kondo J, Kobayashi S, Tatsumi T, Takehara T. Constitutive Activation of the Tumor Suppressor p53 in Hepatocytes Paradoxically Promotes Non-Cell Autonomous Liver Carcinogenesis. Cancer Res 2022; 82:2860-2873. [PMID: 35696550 PMCID: PMC9379366 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-4390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In chronic liver diseases (CLD), p53 is constitutively activated in hepatocytes due to various etiologies as viral infection, ethanol exposure, or lipid accumulation. This study was aimed to clarify the significance of p53 activation on the pathophysiology of CLDs. In Kras-mutant liver cancer model, murine double minute 2 (Mdm2), a negative regulator of p53, was specifically deleted in hepatocytes [Alb-Cre KrasLSL-G12D Mdm2fl/fl (LiKM; KrasG12D mutation and Mdm2 loss in the liver)]. Accumulation of p53 and upregulation of its downstream genes were observed in hepatocytes in LiKM mice. LiKM mice showed liver inflammation accompanied by hepatocyte apoptosis, senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and the emergence of hepatic progenitor cells (HPC). More importantly, Mdm2 deletion promoted non-cell autonomous development of liver tumors. Organoids generated from HPCs harbored tumor-formation ability when subcutaneously inoculated into NOD/Shi-scid/IL2Rγ (null) mice. Treatment with acyclic retinoid suppressed growth of HPCs in vitro and inhibited tumorigenesis in LiKM mice. All of the phenotypes in LiKM mice, including accelerated liver tumorigenesis, were negated by further deletion of p53 in hepatocytes (Alb-Cre KrasLSL-G12D Mdm2fl/fl p53fl/fl). Activation of hepatic p53 was noted in liver biopsy samples obtained from 182 patients with CLD, in comparison with 23 normal liver samples without background liver diseases. In patients with CLD, activity of hepatic p53 was positively correlated with the expression of apoptosis, SASP, HPC-associated genes and tumor incidence in the liver after biopsy. In conclusion, activation of hepatocyte p53 creates a microenvironment prone to tumor formation from HPCs. Optimization of p53 activity in hepatocytes is important to prevent patients with CLD from hepatocarcinogenesis. SIGNIFICANCE This study reveals that activation of p53 in hepatocytes promotes liver carcinogenesis derived from HPCs, which elucidates a paradoxical aspect of a tumor suppressor p53 and novel mechanism of liver carcinogenesis. See related commentary by Barton and Lozano, p. 2824.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Makino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hayato Hikita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Fukumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ji Hyun Sung
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sakano
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Murai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sadatsugu Sakane
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kodama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Sakamori
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jumpei Kondo
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shogo Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohide Tatsumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Takehara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Corresponding Author: Tetsuo Takehara, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Phone: 816-6879-3621; Fax: 816-6879-3629; E-mail:
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20
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Chen J, Zhao F, Yang H, Wen J, Tang Y, Wan F, Zhang X, Wu J. Gentian violet induces apoptosis and ferroptosis via modulating p53 and MDM2 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:3357-3372. [PMID: 35968343 PMCID: PMC9360217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignancies with limited curative options and poor prognosis. Gentian violet (GV) has recently been found to have anti-tumor properties with promising clinical applications. However, its anti-tumor effect and the underlying functional mechanisms in HCC have not been investigated. In this study, we found that GV induced ferroptosis and apoptosis, inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in a dose-dependent manner in vitro, and significantly attenuated the growth of HCC in vivo. Both ferroptosis inhibitor Ferrostain-1 (Fer-1) and apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD-KFM (Z-VAD) partially attenuated GV-induced growth-inhibitory effects, while combined treatment of Fer-1 and Z-VAD completely abolished GV's activities. Increased levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected after GV treatment. Interestingly, GV elevated the expression levels of both p53 and its negative regulator MDM2, which was dependent on the expression of the dehydrogenase/reductase protein Hep27. Simultaneously silencing both the MDM2 and p53 genes by siRNAs abolished ROS production and partially rescued the cell death induced by GV treatment. Our data demonstrate a GV-Hep27-MDM2-p53 signaling cascade that regulates ferroptosis and apoptosis. Furthermore, our findings provide insights into understanding the anti-tumor function of GV and present the basis of new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Chen
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Fangxin Zhao
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hongxin Yang
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jianxun Wen
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ying Tang
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Fang Wan
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jianqiang Wu
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
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21
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Lin H, Wang L, Liu Z, Long K, Kong M, Ye D, Chen X, Wang K, Wu KKL, Fan M, Song E, Wang C, Hoo RLC, Hui X, Hallenborg P, Piao H, Xu A, Cheng KKY. Hepatic MDM2 Causes Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease by Blocking Triglyceride-VLDL Secretion via ApoB Degradation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200742. [PMID: 35524581 PMCID: PMC9284139 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Dysfunctional triglyceride-very low-density lipoprotein (TG-VLDL) metabolism is linked to metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD); however, the underlying cause remains unclear. The study shows that hepatic E3 ubiquitin ligase murine double minute 2 (MDM2) controls MAFLD by blocking TG-VLDL secretion. A remarkable upregulation of MDM2 is observed in the livers of human and mouse models with different levels of severity of MAFLD. Hepatocyte-specific deletion of MDM2 protects against high-fat high-cholesterol diet-induced hepatic steatosis and inflammation, accompanied by a significant elevation in TG-VLDL secretion. As an E3 ubiquitin ligase, MDM2 targets apolipoprotein B (ApoB) for proteasomal degradation through direct protein-protein interaction, which leads to reduced TG-VLDL secretion in hepatocytes. Pharmacological blockage of the MDM2-ApoB interaction alleviates dietary-induced hepatic steatohepatitis and fibrosis by inducing hepatic ApoB expression and subsequent TG-VLDL secretion. The effect of MDM2 on VLDL metabolism is p53-independent. Collectively, these findings suggest that MDM2 acts as a negative regulator of hepatic ApoB levels and TG-VLDL secretion in MAFLD. Inhibition of the MDM2-ApoB interaction may represent a potential therapeutic approach for MAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huige Lin
- Department of Health Technology and InformaticsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Health Technology and InformaticsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong
- Department of MedicineThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong
| | - Zhuohao Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong
- Department of MedicineThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong
- Department of NeurosurgeryShenzhen HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityShenzhen518000P. R. China
| | - Kekao Long
- Department of Health Technology and InformaticsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong
| | - Mengjie Kong
- Department of Health Technology and InformaticsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong
| | - Dewei Ye
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of EducationGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou510000P. R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Health Technology and InformaticsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Health Technology and InformaticsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong
| | - Kelvin KL Wu
- Department of Health Technology and InformaticsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong
| | - Mengqi Fan
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of EducationGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou510000P. R. China
| | - Erfei Song
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou510000P. R. China
| | - Cunchuan Wang
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou510000P. R. China
| | - Ruby LC Hoo
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacyThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong
| | - Xiaoyan Hui
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong
- Department of MedicineThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong
| | - Philip Hallenborg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Southern DenmarkSouthern Denmark5230Denmark
| | - Hailong Piao
- Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian116000P. R. China
| | - Aimin Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong
- Department of MedicineThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacyThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong
| | - Kenneth KY Cheng
- Department of Health Technology and InformaticsThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong
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22
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Changes in the Transcriptome Caused by Mutations in the Ribosomal Protein uS10 Associated with a Predisposition to Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116174. [PMID: 35682850 PMCID: PMC9181716 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of mutations in the RPS20 gene encoding the ribosomal protein uS10 have been found to be associated with a predisposition to hereditary non-polyposis colorectal carcinoma (CRC). We transfected HEK293T cells with constructs carrying the uS10 minigene with mutations identical to those mentioned above and examined the effects of the produced proteins on the cellular transcriptome. We showed that uS10 with mutations p.V50SfsX23 or p.L61EfsX11 cannot be incorporated into 40S ribosomal subunits, while the protein with the missense mutation p.V54L functionally replaces the respective endogenous protein in the 40S subunit assembly and the translation process. The comparison of RNA-seq data obtained from cells producing aberrant forms of uS10 with data for those producing the wild-type protein revealed overlapping sets of upregulated and downregulated differently expressed genes (DEGs) related to several pathways. Among the limited number of upregulated DEGs, there were genes directly associated with the progression of CRC, e.g., PPM1D and PIGN. Our findings indicate that the accumulation of the mutant forms of uS10 triggers a cascade of cellular events, similar to that which is triggered when the cell responds to a large number of erroneous proteins, suggesting that this may increase the risk of cancer.
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23
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Context dependent role of p53 during the interaction of hepatocellular carcinoma and endothelial cells. Microvasc Res 2022; 142:104374. [PMID: 35523268 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2022.104374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), several angiogenic factors are overexpressed in the hepatic microenvironment, which play a critical role in governing the phenotype of the endothelial cells. Mutation in the p53 gene (TP53) is a common event in HCC that may dysregulate the angiogenic signals. However, their functional messages remain largely unexplored at the onset of metastasis. METHODS Role of p53 was studied by siRNA mediated silencing of p53 in HepG2 cells (WTp53), collecting and analyzing their conditioned medium, followed by indirect co-culture with endothelial cells (HUVECs). Gene and protein expression in HCC cells and endothelial cells was studied by RT-qPCR and western blotting respectively. β-catenin protein expression and localization were analyzed by immunocytochemistry. RESULTS We have studied a cell-to-cell interaction model to investigate the crosstalk of endothelial and hepatoma cells by either knocking down p53 or by using p53 null low metastatic HCC cell line. In the absence of p53, the HCC cells influence the migration and vascular network formation of endothelial cells through paracrine signaling of VEGF. Secretory VEGF activated the VEGF receptor-2 along with the survival signaling in endothelial cells. However, the β-catenin signal is upregulated in endothelial cells only during interaction with metastatic set up irrespective of absence and presence of p53, indicating context-dependent participation of p53 during communication between hepatoma cells and endothelial cells. CONCLUSION This study highlights that the role of p53 on cellular responses during interaction of hepatocellular carcinoma and endothelial cells is distinct to cell types and context.
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24
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Ke W, Zhang L, Zhao X, Lu Z. p53 m 6A modulation sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma to apatinib through apoptosis. Apoptosis 2022; 27:426-440. [PMID: 35503144 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01728-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is insidious and prone to metastasis and recurrence. Currently, no effective treatment is available for HCC. Furthermore, HCC does not respond to various radio- and chemotherapies, and the molecular mechanism of treatment resistance is unclear. Here, we found that p53 n6-methyladenosine (m6A) played a decisive role in regulating HCC sensitivity to chemotherapy via the p53 activator RG7112 and the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor apatinib. Our results reveal that p53 activation plays a crucial role in chemotherapy-induced apoptosis and reducing cell viability. Moreover, decreasing m6A methyltransferase (e.g., methyltransferase-like 3, METTL3) expression through chemotherapeutic drug combinations reduced p53 mRNA m6A modification. p53 mRNA m6A modification blockage induced by S-adenosyl homocysteine or siRNA-mediated METTL3 inhibition enhanced HCC sensitivity to chemotherapy. Importantly, we observed that downregulation of METTL3 and upregulation of p53 expression by oral administration of chemotherapy drugs triggered apoptosis and xenograft tumor growth inhibition in nude mice. Based on these findings, we hypothesize that a METTL3-m6A-p53 axis could be a potential target in HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Ke
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiangxuan Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Zaiming Lu
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China.
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25
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Jiang H, Tang W, Song Y, Jin W, Du Q. Induction of Apoptosis by Metabolites of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (Da Huang): A Review of the Potential Mechanism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:806175. [PMID: 35308206 PMCID: PMC8924367 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.806175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is a global disease with a high mortality rate and limited treatment options. Alternations in apoptosis of tumor cells and immune cells have become an important method for detailing the underlying mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Bcl-2 family, Caspase family, Fas and other apoptosis-related proteins have also become antagonistic targets of HCC. Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, RR), a traditional Chinese herb, has recently demonstrated antitumor behaviors. Multiple active metabolites of RR, including emodin, rhein, physcion, aloe-emodin, gallic acid, and resveratrol, can successfully induce apoptosis and inhibit HCC. However, the underlying mechanisms of these metabolites inhibiting the occurrence and development of HCC by inducing apoptosis is complicated owing to the multi-target and multi-pathway characteristics of traditional Chinese herbs. Accordingly, this article reviews the pathways of apoptosis, the relationship between HCC and apoptosis, the role and mechanism of apoptosis induced by mitochondrial endoplasmic reticulum pathway and death receptor pathway in HCC and the mechanism of six RR metabolites inhibiting HCC by inducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanyu Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wuyinuo Tang
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Song
- Emergency Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Emergency Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Quanyu Du
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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26
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Zhang X, Zheng Q, Yue X, Yuan Z, Ling J, Yuan Y, Liang Y, Sun A, Liu Y, Li H, Xu K, He F, Wang J, Wu J, Zhao C, Tian C. ZNF498 promotes hepatocellular carcinogenesis by suppressing p53-mediated apoptosis and ferroptosis via the attenuation of p53 Ser46 phosphorylation. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:79. [PMID: 35227287 PMCID: PMC8883630 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02288-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dysfunctional p53 signaling is one of the major causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumorigenesis and development, but the mechanisms underlying p53 inactivation in HCC have not been fully clarified. The role of Krüppel-associated box (KRAB)-type zinc-finger protein ZNF498 in tumorigenesis and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Methods Clinical HCC samples were used to assess the association of ZNF498 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and patient outcomes. A mouse model in which HCC was induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was used to explore the role of ZNF498 in HCC initiation and progression. ZNF498 overexpression and knockdown HCC cell lines were employed to examine the effects of ZNF498 on cellular proliferation, apoptosis, ferroptosis and tumor growth. Western blotting, immunoprecipitation, qPCR, luciferase assays and flow cytometry were also conducted to determine the underlying mechanisms related to ZNF498 function. Results ZNF498 was found to be highly expressed in HCC, and increased ZNF498 expression was positively correlated with advanced pathological grade and poor survival in HCC patients. Furthermore, ZNF498 promoted DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis and progression in mice. Mechanistically, ZNF498 directly interacted with p53 and suppressed p53 transcriptional activation by inhibiting p53 Ser46 phosphorylation. ZNF498 competed with p53INP1 for p53 binding and suppressed PKCδ- and p53INP1-mediated p53 Ser46 phosphorylation. In addition, functional assays revealed that ZNF498 promoted liver cancer cell growth in vivo and in vitro in a p53-dependent manner. Moreover, ZNF498 inhibited p53-mediated apoptosis and ferroptosis by attenuating p53 Ser46 phosphorylation. Conclusions Our results strongly suggest that ZNF498 suppresses apoptosis and ferroptosis by attenuating p53 Ser46 phosphorylation in hepatocellular carcinogenesis, revealing a novel ZNF498-PKCδ-p53INP1-p53 axis in HCC cells that would enrich the non-mutation p53-inactivating mechanisms in HCC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02288-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyuan Zhang
- School of Life science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong Province, China.,State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Qijian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xiuying Yue
- Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 301800, China
| | - Zhanna Yuan
- Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 301800, China
| | - Jiming Ling
- School of Life science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong Province, China.,State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yanzhi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yanying Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China.,School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, Shandong, China
| | - Aihua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Hui Li
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Kaikun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Fuchu He
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Jin Wu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Chunling Zhao
- School of Life science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Chunyan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China.
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Zhu Z, Cao C, Zhang D, Zhang Z, Liu L, Wu D, Sun J. UBE2T-mediated Akt ubiquitination and Akt/β-catenin activation promotes hepatocellular carcinoma development by increasing pyrimidine metabolism. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:154. [PMID: 35169125 PMCID: PMC8847552 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04596-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The oncogene protein ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2T (UBE2T) is reported to be upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and correlated with poor clinical outcomes of HCC patients. However, the underlying mechanism by which UBE2T exerts its oncogenic function in HCC remains largely unexplored. In this study, in vitro and in vivo experiments suggested that UBE2T promoted HCC development including proliferation and metastasis. GSEA analysis indicated that UBE2T was positively correlated with pyrimidine metabolism, and LC/MS-MS metabolomics profiling revealed that the key products of pyrimidine metabolism were significantly increased in UBE2T-overexpressing cells. UBE2T overexpression led to the upregulation of several key enzymes catalyzing de novo pyrimidine synthesis, including CAD, DHODH, and UMPS. Moreover, the utilization of leflunomide, a clinically approved DHODH inhibitor, blocked the effect of UBE2T in promoting HCC progression. Mechanistically, UBE2T increased Akt K63-mediated ubiquitination and Akt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation. The disruption of UBE2T-mediated ubiquitination on Akt, including E2-enzyme-deficient mutation (C86A) of UBE2T and ubiquitination-site-deficient mutation (K8/14 R) of Akt impaired UBE2T’s effect in upregulating CAD, DHODH, and UMPS. Importantly, we demonstrated that UBE2T was positively correlated with p-Akt, β-catenin, CAD, DHODH, and UMPS in HCC tumor tissues. In summary, our study indicates that UBE2T increases pyrimidine metabolism by promoting Akt K63-linked ubiquitination, thus contributing to HCC development. This work provides a novel insight into HCC development and a potential therapeutic strategy for HCC patients.
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Li H, Zhang H, Huang G, Bing Z, Xu D, Liu J, Luo H, An X. Loss of RPS27a expression regulates the cell cycle, apoptosis, and proliferation via the RPL11-MDM2-p53 pathway in lung adenocarcinoma cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:33. [PMID: 35073964 PMCID: PMC8785590 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02230-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Depletion of certain ribosomal proteins induces p53 activation, which is mediated mainly by ribosomal protein L5 (RPL5) and/or ribosomal protein L11 (RPL11). Therefore, RPL5 and RPL11 may link RPs and p53 activation. Thus, this study aimed to explore whether RPs interact with RPL11 and regulate p53 activation in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells. Methods The endogenous RPL11-binding proteins in A549 cells were pulled down through immunoprecipitation and identified with a proteomics approach. Docking analysis and GST-fusion protein assays were used to analyze the interaction of ribosomal protein S27a (RPS27a) and RPL11. Co-immunoprecipitation and in vitro ubiquitination assays were used to detect the effects of knockdown of RPS27a on the interaction between RPS27a and RPL11, and on p53 accumulation. Cell cycle, apoptosis, cell invasion and migration, cell viability and colony-formation assays were performed in the presence of knockdown of RPS27a. The RPS27a mRNA expression in LUAD was analyzed on the basis of the TCGA dataset, and RPS27a expression was detected through immunohistochemistry in LUAD samples. Finally, RPS27a and p53 expression was analyzed through immunohistochemistry in A549 cell xenografts with knockdown of RPS27a. Results RPS27a was identified as a novel RPL11 binding protein. GST pull-down assays revealed that RPS27a directly bound RPL11. Knockdown of RPS27a weakened the interaction between RPS27a and RPL11, but enhanced the binding of RPL11 and murine double minute 2 (MDM2), thereby inhibiting the ubiquitination and degradation of p53 by MDM2. Knockdown of RPS27a stabilized p53 in an RPL11-dependent manner and induced cell viability inhibition, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner in A549 cells. The expression of RPS27a was upregulated in LUAD and correlated with LUAD progression and poorer prognosis. Overexpression of RPS27a correlated with upregulation of p53, MDM2 and RPL11 in LUAD clinical specimens. Knockdown of RPS27a increased p53 activation, thus, suppressing the formation of A549 cell xenografts in nude mice. Conclusions RPS27a interacts with RPL11, and RPS27a knockdown enhanced the binding of RPL11 and MDM2, thereby inhibiting MDM2-mediated p53 ubiquitination and degradation; in addition, RPS27a as important roles in LUAD progression and prognosis, and may be a therapeutic target for patients with LUAD. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02230-z.
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Taysi S, Algburi FS, Mohammed Z, Ali OA, Taysi ME. Thymoquinone: A Review of Pharmacological Importance, Oxidative Stress, COVID-19, and Radiotherapy. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:1847-1875. [PMID: 34983346 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220104151225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Widely consumed worldwide, Nigella sativa (NS) is a medicinal herb commonly used in various alternative medicine systems such as Unani and Tibb, Ayurveda, and Siddha. Recommended for regular use in Tibb-e-Nabwi (Prophetic Medicine), NS is considered one of the most notable forms of healing medicine in Islamic literature. Thymoquinone (TQ), the main component of the essential oil of NS, has been reported to have many properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antineoplastic. Its chemical structure indicates antiviral potential against many viruses, including the hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, and other coronavirus diseases. Interestingly, molecular docking studies have demonstrated that TQ can potentially inhibit the development of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by binding to the receptor site on the transmembrane serine proteinase 2 (the activator enzyme that attaches the virus to the cell). In addition, TQ has been shown to be effective against cancer cells due to its inhibitory effect by binding to the different regions of MDM2, according to the proposed molecular docking study. Detailed in this review is the origin of TQ, its significance in alternative medicine, pharmacological value, potential as a cancer anti-proliferative agent, use against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and treatment of other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyithan Taysi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical School, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep
| | - Firas Shawqi Algburi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical School, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Tikrit University, Iraq
| | - Zaid Mohammed
- Department of Biochemistry and Technology, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep
| | - Omeed Akbar Ali
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical School, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep
| | - Muhammed Enes Taysi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical School, Bolu Izzet Baysal University- Bolu-Turkey
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Tang H, Cao Y, Jian Y, Li X, Li J, Zhang W, Wan T, Liu Z, Tang W, Lu S. Conversion therapy with an immune checkpoint inhibitor and an antiangiogenic drug for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A review. Biosci Trends 2022; 16:130-141. [PMID: 35431288 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2022.01019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Tang
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Chinese PLA; Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yinbiao Cao
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Chinese PLA; Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yiping Jian
- Chongqing Health Statistics Information Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuerui Li
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Chinese PLA; Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Junfeng Li
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Chinese PLA; Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Chinese PLA; Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wan
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Chinese PLA; Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Chinese PLA; Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Tang
- International Health Care Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shichun Lu
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Chinese PLA; Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
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Zhang X, Zhou C, Yang Y, Liu H, Wang S, Ding X, Wang H. The Discovery of Potential MDM2 Inhibitors: A Combination of Pharmacophore Modeling, Virtual Screening, Molecular Docking Studies, and in vitro/in vivo Biological Evaluation. ChemMedChem 2021; 17:e202100517. [PMID: 34806333 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Small-molecule inhibitors of MDM2 that block the MDM2-p53 protein-protein interaction have been considered as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer. Here, we identify five highly potent inhibitors of MDM2 (termed as WY 1-5) that display significant inhibitory effects on MDM2-p53 interaction by using a combined strategy of pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening, and molecular docking studies. Among them, WY-5 is the most active MDM2 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 14.1±2.8 nM. Moreover, WY-5 significantly up-regulate the protein level of p53 in SK-Hep-1 cells harboring wild-type p53. In vitro anticancer study reveals that WY-5 markedly inhibits the survival of SK-Hep-1 cells. In vivo anticancer study suggests that WY-5 significantly inhibits the growth of SK-Hep-1 cells-derived xenograft in nude mice, with no observable toxicity. Our results demonstrate that WY-5 may be a promising candidate for the treatment of cancer harboring wild-type p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, 401121, China
| | - Chunqiao Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, 401121, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Hailin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, 401121, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, 401121, China
| | - Xiaoli Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, 401121, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, 401121, China
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The Roles of the Colon Cancer Associated Transcript 2 (CCAT2) Long Non-Coding RNA in Cancer: A Comprehensive Characterization of the Tumorigenic and Molecular Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212491. [PMID: 34830370 PMCID: PMC8620102 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer-associated transcript 2 (CCAT2) is an intensively studied lncRNA with important regulatory roles in cancer. As such, cumulative studies indicate that CCAT2 displays a high functional versatility due to its direct interaction with multiple RNA binding proteins, transcription factors, and other species of non-coding RNA, especially microRNA. The definitory mechanisms of CCAT2 are its role as a regulator of the TCF7L2 transcription factor, enhancer of MYC expression, and activator of the WNT/β-catenin pathway, as well as a role in promoting and maintaining chromosome instability through the BOP1–AURKB pathway. Additionally, we highlight how the encompassing rs6983267 SNP has been shown to confer CCAT2 with allele-specific functional and structural particularities, such as the allelic-specific reprogramming of glutamine metabolism. Additionally, we emphasize CCAT2’s role as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for multiple tumor suppressor miRNAs, such as miR-4496, miR-493, miR-424, miR-216b, miR-23b, miR-34a, miR-145, miR-200b, and miR-143 and the pro-tumorigenic role of the altered regulatory axis. Additionally, due to its upregulation in tumor tissues, wide distribution across cancer types, and presence in serum samples, we outline CCAT2’s potential as a biomarker and disease indicator and its implications for the development of resistance against current cancer therapy regiments and metastasis.
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Song S, Shi Y, Wu W, Wu H, Chang L, Peng P, Zhang L, Fan J, Gu J, Ruan Y. Reticulon 3-mediated Chk2/p53 activation suppresses hepatocellular carcinogenesis and is blocked by hepatitis B virus. Gut 2021; 70:2159-2171. [PMID: 33303565 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dysfunction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteins is closely related to homeostasis disturbance and malignant transformation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Reticulons (RTN) are a family of ER-resident proteins critical for maintaining ER function. Nevertheless, the precise roles of RTN in HCC remain largely unclear. The aim of the study is to examine the effect of reticulon family member RTN3 on HCC development and explore the underlying mechanisms. DESIGN Clinical HCC samples were collected to assess the relationship between RTN3 expression and patients' outcome. HCC cell lines were employed to examine the effects of RTN3 on cellular proliferation, apoptosis and signal transduction in vitro. Nude mice model was used to detect the role of RTN3 in modulating tumour growth in vivo. RESULTS We found that RTN3 was highly expressed in normal hepatocytes but frequently downregulated in HCC. Low RTN3 expression predicted poor outcome in patients with HCC in TP53 gene mutation and HBV infection status-dependent manner. RTN3 restrained HCC growth and induced apoptosis by activating p53. Mechanism studies indicated that RTN3 facilitated p53 Ser392 phosphorylation via Chk2 and enhanced subsequent p53 nuclear localisation. RTN3 interacted with Chk2, recruited it to ER and promoted its activation in an ER calcium-dependent manner. Nevertheless, the tumour suppressive effects of RTN3 were abrogated in HBV-positive cells. HBV surface antigen competed with Chk2 for RTN3 binding and blocked RTN3-mediated Chk2/p53 activation. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that RTN3 functions as a novel suppressor of HCC by activating Chk2/p53 pathway and provide more clues to better understand the oncogenic effects of HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shushu Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinghong Shi
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weicheng Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Peike Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxin Gu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ruan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Silva-Gomez JA, Galicia-Moreno M, Sandoval-Rodriguez A, Miranda-Roblero HO, Lucano-Landeros S, Santos A, Monroy-Ramirez HC, Armendariz-Borunda J. Hepatocarcinogenesis Prevention by Pirfenidone Is PPARγ Mediated and Involves Modification of Nuclear NF-kB p65/p50 Ratio. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111360. [PMID: 34768791 PMCID: PMC8583060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapies for regulating processes such as inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrogenesis might modulate human HCC development. Pirfenidone (PFD) has shown anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory functions in both clinical and experimental studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate PPARγ expression and localization in samples of primary human tumors and assess PFD-effect in early phases of hepatocarcinogenic process. Human HCC tissue samples were obtained by surgical resection. Experimental hepatocarcinogenesis was induced in male Fischer-344 rats. TGF-β1 and α-SMA expression was evaluated as fibrosis markers. NF-kB cascade, TNFα, IL-6, and COX-2 expression and localization were evaluated as inflammation indicators. Caspase-3, p53, and PARP-1 were used as apoptosis markers, PCNA for proliferation. Finally, PPARα and PPARγ expression were evaluated to understand the effect of PFD on the activation of such pathways. PPARγ expression was predominantly localized in cytoplasm in human HCC tissue. PFD was effective to prevent histopathological damage and TGF-β1 and α-SMA overexpression in the experimental model. Anti-inflammatory effects of PFD correlate with diminished IKK and decrease in both IkB-phosphorylation/NF-kB p65 expression and p65-translocation into the nucleus. Pro-apoptotic PFD-induced effects are related with p53 expression, Caspase-3 p17 activation, and PARP-1-cleavage. In conclusion, PFD acts as a tumor suppressor by preventing fibrosis, reducing inflammation, and promoting apoptosis in MRHM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Antonio Silva-Gomez
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Biologia Molecular en Medicina, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (J.A.S.-G.); (M.G.-M.); (A.S.-R.); (H.O.M.-R.); (S.L.-L.)
| | - Marina Galicia-Moreno
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Biologia Molecular en Medicina, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (J.A.S.-G.); (M.G.-M.); (A.S.-R.); (H.O.M.-R.); (S.L.-L.)
| | - Ana Sandoval-Rodriguez
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Biologia Molecular en Medicina, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (J.A.S.-G.); (M.G.-M.); (A.S.-R.); (H.O.M.-R.); (S.L.-L.)
| | - Hipolito Otoniel Miranda-Roblero
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Biologia Molecular en Medicina, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (J.A.S.-G.); (M.G.-M.); (A.S.-R.); (H.O.M.-R.); (S.L.-L.)
| | - Silvia Lucano-Landeros
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Biologia Molecular en Medicina, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (J.A.S.-G.); (M.G.-M.); (A.S.-R.); (H.O.M.-R.); (S.L.-L.)
| | - Arturo Santos
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Zapopan 45138, Mexico;
| | - Hugo Christian Monroy-Ramirez
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Biologia Molecular en Medicina, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (J.A.S.-G.); (M.G.-M.); (A.S.-R.); (H.O.M.-R.); (S.L.-L.)
- Correspondence: (H.C.M.-R.); (J.A.-B.)
| | - Juan Armendariz-Borunda
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Biologia Molecular en Medicina, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (J.A.S.-G.); (M.G.-M.); (A.S.-R.); (H.O.M.-R.); (S.L.-L.)
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Zapopan 45138, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (H.C.M.-R.); (J.A.-B.)
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Guo Y, Hu J, Zhao Z, Zhong G, Gong J, Cai D. Identification of a Prognostic Model Based on 2-Gene Signature and Analysis of Corresponding Tumor Microenvironment in Alcohol-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:719355. [PMID: 34646769 PMCID: PMC8503534 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.719355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors with the poor prognosis. Nowadays, alcohol is becoming a leading risk factor of HCC in many countries. In our study, we obtained the DEGs in alcohol-related HCC through two databases (TCGA and GEO). Subsequently, we performed enrichment analyses (GO and KEGG), constructed the PPI network and screened the 53 hub genes by Cytoscape. Two genes (BUB1B and CENPF) from hub genes was screened by LASSO and Cox regression analyses to construct the prognostic model. Then, we found that the high risk group had the worse prognosis and verified the clinical value of the risk score in alcohol-related HCC. Finally, we analyzed the tumor microenvironment between high and low risk groups through CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE. In summary, we constructed the two-gene prognostic model that could predict the poor prognosis in patients with alcohol-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People's Hospital of Changshou, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiejun Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhibo Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guochao Zhong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianping Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Zhou Z, Zalutsky MR, Chitneni SK. Fluorine-18 Labeling of the MDM2 Inhibitor RG7388 for PET Imaging: Chemistry and Preliminary Evaluation. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:3871-3881. [PMID: 34523337 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
RG7388 (Idasanutlin) is a potent inhibitor of oncoprotein murine double minute 2 (MDM2). Herein we investigated the feasibility of developing 18F-labeled RG7388 as a radiotracer for imaging MDM2 expression in tumors with positron emission tomography (PET). Two fluorinated analogues of RG7388, 6 and 7, were synthesized by attaching a fluoronicotinyl moiety to RG7388 via a polyethylene glycol (PEG3) or a propyl linker. The inhibitory potency (IC50) of 6 and 7 against MDM2 was determined by a fluorescence polarization (FP)-based assay. Next, compound 6 was labeled with 18F using a trimethylammonium triflate precursor to obtain [18F]FN-PEG3-RG7388 ([18F]6), and its properties were evaluated in MDM2 expressing wild-type p53 tumor cell lines (SJSA-1 and HepG2) in vitro and in tumor xenografts in vivo. The FP assays revealed an IC50 against MDM2 of 119 nM and 160 nM for 6 and 7, respectively. 18F-labeling of 6 was achieved in 50.3 ± 7.5% radiochemical yield. [18F]6 exhibited a high uptake (∼70% of input dose) and specificity in SJSA-1 and HepG2 cell lines. Saturation binding assays revealed a binding affinity (Kd) of 128 nM for [18F]6 on SJSA-1 cells. In mice, [18F]6 showed fast clearance from blood with a maximum tumor uptake of 3.80 ± 0.85% injected dose per gram (ID/g) in HepG2 xenografts at 30 min postinjection (p.i.) and 1.32 ± 0.32% ID/g in SJSA-1 xenografts at 1 h p.i. Specificity of [18F]6 uptake in tumors was demonstrated by pretreatment of mice with SJSA-xenografts with a blocking dose of RG7388 (35 mg/kg body weight, i.p.). In vivo stability studies in mice using HPLC showed ∼60% and ∼30% intact [18F]6 remaining in plasma at 30 min and 1 h p.i., respectively, with the remaining activity attributed to polar peaks. Our results suggest that RG7388 is a promising molecular scaffold for 18F-labeled probe development for MDM2. Additional labeling strategies and functionalizing locations on RG7388 are under development to improve binding affinity and in vivo stability of the 18F-labeled compound to make it more amenable for PET imaging of MDM2 in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyuan Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Michael R Zalutsky
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Satish K Chitneni
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
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Kim JH, Jung JH, Lee HJ, Sim DY, Im E, Park J, Park WY, Ahn CH, Shim BS, Kim B, Kim SH. UBE2M Drives Hepatocellular Cancer Progression as a p53 Negative Regulator by Binding to MDM2 and Ribosomal Protein L11. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194901. [PMID: 34638383 PMCID: PMC8507934 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Herein, the oncogenic role of UBE2M as an E2 NEDD8-conjugating enzyme was explored in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, since neddylation plays a critical role in tumorigenesis. To address this issue, human tissue array and TCGA analysis were conducted in HCCs to find overexpression of UBE2M in HCCs. In addition, a differential profile was confirmed in UBE2M-depleted HepG2 cells. Furthermore, UBE2M depletion activated p53 expression and stability, while the ectopic expression of UBE2M disturbed p53 activation and enhanced degradation of exogenous p53 mediated by MDM2 in HepG2 cells via binding to MDM2 and ribosomal protein L11 by immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence. These findings provide evidence that UBE2M is critically involved in liver cancer progression as a p53 negative regulator by binding to MDM2 and ribosomal protein L11. Abstract Though UBE2M, an E2 NEDD8-conjugating enzyme, is overexpressed in HepG2, Hep3B, Huh7 and PLC/PRF5 HCCs with poor prognosis by human tissue array and TCGA analysis, its underlying oncogenic mechanism remains unclear. Herein, UBE2M depletion suppressed viability and proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via cleavages of PARP and caspase 3 and upregulation of p53, Bax and PUMA in HepG2, Huh7 and Hep3B cells. Furthermore, UBE2M depletion activated p53 expression and stability, while the ectopic expression of UBE2M disturbed p53 activation and enhanced degradation of exogenous p53 mediated by MDM2 in HepG2 cells. Interestingly, UBE2M binds to MDM2 or ribosomal protein L11, but not p53 in HepG2 cells, despite crosstalk between p53 and UBE2M. Consistently, the colocalization between UBE2M and MDM2 was observed by immunofluorescence. Notably, L11 was required in p53 activation by UBE2M depletion. Furthermore, UBE2M depletion retarded the growth of HepG2 cells in athymic nude mice along with elevated p53. Overall, these findings suggest that UBE2M promotes cancer progression as a p53 negative regulator by binding to MDM2 and ribosomal protein L11 in HCCs.
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Park JS, Ma H, Roh YS. Ubiquitin pathways regulate the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 193:114764. [PMID: 34529948 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic liver disease (CLD) is considered the leading cause of global mortality. In westernized countries, increased consumption of alcohol and overeating foods with high fat/ high glucose promote progression of CLD such as alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD). Accumulating evidence and research suggest that ubiquitin, a 75 amino acid protein, plays crucial role in the pathogenesis of CLD through dynamic post-translational modifications (PTMs) exerting diverse cellular outcomes such as protein degradation through ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy, and regulation of signal transduction. In this review, we present the function of ubiquitination and latest findings on diverse mechanism of PTMs, UPS and autophagy which significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cirrhosis, and HCC. Despite its high prevalence, morbidity, and mortality, there are only few FDA approved drugs that could be administered to CLD patients. The goal of this review is to present a variety of pathways and therapeutic targets involving ubiquitination in the pathogenesis of CLD. Further, this review summarizes collective views of pharmaceutical inhibition or activation of recent drugs targeting UPS and autophagy system to highlight potential targets and new approaches to treat CLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Su Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, South Korea
| | - Hwan Ma
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, South Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Roh
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, South Korea.
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Yim SY, Lee JS. An Overview of the Genomic Characterization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2021; 8:1077-1088. [PMID: 34522690 PMCID: PMC8434863 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s270533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor classifications based on alterations in the genome, epigenome, or proteome have revealed distinct tumor subgroups that are associated with clinical outcomes. Several landmark studies have demonstrated that such classifications can significantly improve patient outcomes by enabling tailoring of therapy to specific alterations in cancer cells. Since cancer cells accumulate numerous alterations in many cancer-related genes, it is a daunting task to find and confirm important cancer-promoting alterations as therapeutic targets or biomarkers that can predict clinical outcomes such as survival and response to treatments. To aid further advances, we provide here an overview of the current understanding of molecular and genomic subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). System-level integration of data from multiple studies and development of new technical platforms for analyzing patient samples hold great promise for the discovery of new targets for treatment and correlated biomarkers, leading to personalized medicine for treatment of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Yim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju-Seog Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Xu Q, Xu H, Deng R, Li N, Mu R, Qi Z, Shen Y, Wang Z, Wen J, Zhao J, Weng D, Huang W. Landscape of Prognostic m6A RNA Methylation Regulators in Hepatocellular Carcinoma to Aid Immunotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:669145. [PMID: 34422799 PMCID: PMC8375309 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.669145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common malignancy with a high mortality worldwide. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) may participate extensively in tumor progression. Methods: To reveal the landscape of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), ESTIMATE analysis, ssGSEA algorithm, and the CIBERSORT method were used. Taking advantage of consensus clustering, two different HCC categories were screened. We analyzed the correlation of clustering results with TIME and immunotherapy. Then, we yielded a risk signature by systematical bioinformatics analyses. Immunophenoscore (IPS) was implemented to estimate the immunotherapeutic significance of risk signature. Results: The m6A-based clusters were significantly correlated with overall survival (OS), immune score, immunological signature, immune infiltrating, and ICB-associated genes. Risk signature possessed robust prognostic validity and significantly correlated with TIME context. IPS was employed as a surrogate of immunotherapeutic outcome, and patients with low-risk scores showed significantly higher immunophenoscores. Conclusion: Collectively, m6A-based clustering subtype and signature was a robust prognostic indicator and correlated with TIME and immunotherapy, providing novel insight into antitumor management and prognostic prediction in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongshan Deng
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nanjun Li
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruiqi Mu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhixuan Qi
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunuo Shen
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zijie Wang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingchao Wen
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhao
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Di Weng
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Jing T, Wang B, Yang Z, Liu Y, Xu G, Xu X, Jiao K, Chen Z, Xiang L, Zhang L, Liu Y. Deubiquitination of the repressor E2F6 by USP22 facilitates AKT activation and tumor growth in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2021; 518:266-277. [PMID: 34339800 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulated ubiquitination of tumor-related proteins plays a critical role in tumor development and progression. The deubiquitinase USP22 is aberrantly expressed in certain types of cancer and contributes to aggressive tumor progression. However, the precise mechanism underlying the pro-tumorigenic function of USP22 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Here, we report that E2F6, a pocket protein-independent transcription repressor, is essential for HCC cell growth, and that its activities are controlled by USP22-mediated deubiquitination. USP22 interacts with and stabilizes E2F6, resulting in the transcriptional repression of phosphatase DUSP1. Moreover, the process involving DUSP1 repression by E2F6 strengthens AKT activation in HCC cells. Therefore, these findings provide mechanistic insights into the USP22-mediated control of oncogenic AKT signaling, emphasizing the importance of USP22-E2F6 regulation in HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Boshi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhaojuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Guiqin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaoli Xu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Kun Jiao
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Zehong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lvzhu Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Yongzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Shen Y, Lin Y, Liu K, Chen J, Zhong J, Gao Y, Yuan C. XIST: A Meaningful Long Noncoding RNA in NSCLC Process. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:1407-1417. [PMID: 33267757 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826999201202102413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of studies have proposed that lncRNA XIST plays a role in the development and chemosensitivity of NSCLC. Besides, XIST may become a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC patients. The aim of this review is to reveal the biological functions and exact mechanisms of XIST in NSCLC. METHODS In this review, relevant researches involving the relationship between XIST and NSCLC are collected through systematic retrieval of PubMed. RESULTS XIST is an oncogene in NSCLC and is abnormally upregulated in NSCLC tissues. Considerable evidence has shown that XIST plays a critical role in the proliferation, invasion, migration, apoptosis and chemosensitivity of NSCLC cells. XIST mainly functions as a ceRNA in the NSCLC process, while XIST also functions at transcriptional levels. CONCLUSION LncRNA XIST has the potential to become a novel biomolecular marker of NSCLC and a therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Shen
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Yexiang Lin
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Kai Liu
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Jinlan Chen
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhong
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Yisong Gao
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Chengfu Yuan
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
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Exosomes of Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Proper Vehicle for Transfecting miR-145 into the Breast Cancer Cell Line and Its Effect on Metastasis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5516078. [PMID: 34307654 PMCID: PMC8263260 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5516078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Despite recent advances in scientific knowledge and clinical practice, management, and treatment of breast cancer, as one of the leading causes of female mortality, breast cancer remains a major burden. Recently, methods employing stem cells and their derivatives, i.e., exosomes, in gene-based therapies hold great promise. Since these natural nanovesicles are able to transmit crucial cellular information which can be engineered to have robust delivery and targeting capacity, they are considered one of the modes of intercellular communication. miR-145, one of the downregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) in various cancers, can regulate tumor cell invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, and proliferation and stem cell differentiation. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the role of exosomes secreted from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for miR-145 transfection into breast cancer cells in order to weaken their expansion and metastasis. Methods Here, we exploited the exosomes from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-Exo) to deliver miR-145 in the T-47D breast cancer cell line. Lentiviral vectors of miR-145-pLenti-III-enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) and empty pLenti-III-eGFP as the backbone were used to transfect MSCs and T-47D cells. In order to find the efficiency of exosomes as a delivery vehicle, the expression level of some miR-145 target genes, including Rho-Associated Coiled-Coil Containing Protein Kinase 1 (ROCK1), Erb-B2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 2 (ERBB2), Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), and Tumor Protein p53 (TP53), was compared in all treatment groups (T-47D cells treated by miR-145-transfected MSCs and their derivatives or their backbone) and control group (untransfected T-47D cells) using real-time PCR. Results The obtained data represented the inhibitory effect of miR-145 on apoptosis induction and metastasis in both direct miR-treated groups. However, exosome-mediated delivery caused an improved anticancer property of miR-145. Conclusion Restoration of miR-145 using MSC-Exo can be considered a potential novel therapeutic strategy in breast cancer in the future.
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Lim Y, Ku NO. Revealing the Roles of Keratin 8/18-Associated Signaling Proteins Involved in the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6401. [PMID: 34203895 PMCID: PMC8232640 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is developed with various etiologies, protection of hepatocytes seems basically essential to prevent the incidence of HCC. Keratin 8 and keratin 18 (K8/K18) are cytoskeletal intermediate filament proteins that are expressed in hepatocytes. They maintain the cell shape and protect cells under stress conditions. Their protective roles in liver damage have been described in studies of mouse models, and K8/K18 mutation frequency in liver patients. Interestingly, K8/K18 bind to signaling proteins such as transcription factors and protein kinases involved in HCC development. Since K8/K18 are abundant cytoskeletal proteins, K8/K18 binding with the signaling factors can alter the availability of the factors. Herein, we discuss the potential roles of K8/K18 in HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younglan Lim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Nam-On Ku
- Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- Department of Bio-Convergence ISED, Underwood International College, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Kairaluoma V, Kemi N, Huhta H, Pohjanen VM, Helminen O. Toll-like receptor 5 and 8 in hepatocellular carcinoma. APMIS 2021; 129:470-479. [PMID: 33950532 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are components of innate immunity, but also have a role in carcinogenesis. The prognostic value of TLR5 and TLR8 tumor expression was examined in contrast with known risk markers Ki67 and p53. All HCC patients from Oulu University Hospital with available representative tumor sample were included in this study (n = 182). TLR5, TLR8, Ki67, and p53 expression were investigated by immunohistochemistry. The relation between patient survival and TLR, Ki67, and p53 expression was calculated with Cox regression adjusted for confounding factors. TLR5 cytoplasm intensity was associated with 5-year overall (strong 0.0% vs weak 23.4%, p < 0.001) and disease-specific (strong 0.0% vs weak 34.9%, p < 0.001) survival. TLR5 nuclei percentage was associated with poor 5-year disease-specific survival (high 16.3% vs low 31.5%, p = 0.022). In adjusted analysis, strong TLR5 cytoplasm intensity was an independent risk factor for poor 5-year overall (adjusted HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.26-2.81) and disease-specific (adjusted HR 2.00, 95% CI 1.27-3.15) survival. High Ki67 and p53 expression associated with 5-year overall- and disease-specific survival. TLR8 was not associated with patient survival. This study suggests that TLR5 expression is independently prognostic in HCC with similar point estimate as previously known p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valtteri Kairaluoma
- Surgery Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Niko Kemi
- Surgery Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heikki Huhta
- Surgery Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vesa-Matti Pohjanen
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Olli Helminen
- Surgery Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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Zhou Y, Chen Y, Tan Y, Hu R, Niu M. An NRP1/MDM2-Targeted D-Peptide Supramolecular Nanomedicine for High-Efficacy and Low-Toxic Liver Cancer Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2002197. [PMID: 33690977 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202002197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular nanomedicines based on self-assembly of D-peptides have been of great interest as potential candidates for cancer therapy. Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) and mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) have been considered as the anticancer targets because of their overexpression in cancers. However, NRP1/MDM2-targeted D-peptide supramolecular nanomedicines remain unreported. Here, a potent anticancer D-peptide supramolecular nanomedicine targeting NRP1 and MDM2, termed as NMTP-5, is identified by using structure-based virtual screening techniques. NMTP-5 exhibits good biostability and strong cellular uptake performance. Moreover, NMTP-5 displays strong anticancer activity to SK-Hep-1 cells in vitro and in vivo, with no apparent host toxicity. This work demonstrates that NMTP-5 can be used as a potential chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Yaxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Yingying Tan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Rong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Miao‐Miao Niu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China
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Sharma A, Flora SJS. Positive and Negative Regulation of Ferroptosis and Its Role in Maintaining Metabolic and Redox Homeostasis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9074206. [PMID: 34007410 PMCID: PMC8102094 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9074206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a recently recognized regulated form of cell death characterized by accumulation of lipid-based reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly lipid hydroperoxides and loss of activity of the lipid repair enzyme glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). This iron-dependent form of cell death is morphologically, biochemically, and also genetically discrete from other regulated cell death processes, which include autophagy, apoptosis, necrosis, and necroptosis. Ferroptosis is defined by three hallmarks, defined as the loss of lipid peroxide repair capacity by GPX4, the bioavailability of redox-active iron, and oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acid- (PUFA-) containing phospholipids. Experimentally, it can be induced by many compounds (e.g., erastin, Ras-selective lethal small-molecule 3, and buthionine sulfoximine) and also can be pharmacologically inhibited by iron chelators (e.g., deferoxamine and deferoxamine mesylate) and lipid peroxidation inhibitors (e.g., ferrostatin and liproxstatin). The sensitivity of a cell towards ferroptotic cell death is tightly associated with the metabolism of amino acid, iron, and polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism, and also with the biosynthesis of glutathione, phospholipids, NADPH, and coenzyme Q10. Ferroptosis sensitivity is also governed by many regulatory proteins, which also link ferroptosis to the function of key tumour suppressor pathways. In this review, we highlight the discovery of ferroptosis, the mechanism of ferroptosis regulation, and its association with other cellular metabolic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Post Office Mati, Lucknow 226002, India
| | - Swaran Jeet Singh Flora
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Post Office Mati, Lucknow 226002, India
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Lin Z, Miao D, Xu Q, Wang X, Yu F. A novel focal adhesion related gene signature for prognostic prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:10724-10748. [PMID: 33850056 PMCID: PMC8064231 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly heterogeneous disease. Reduced expression of focal adhesion is considered as an important prerequisite for tumor cell invasion and metastasis. However, the prognostic value of focal adhesion related genes in HCC remains to be further determined. In this study, RNA expression profiles were downloaded from public databases. A five focal adhesion related gene signature model was established by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression analysis, which categorized patients into high- and low-risk groups. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the risk score was an independent predictor for overall survival. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis revealed that immune status was different between the two risk groups, and tumor-related pathways were enriched in high-risk group. The risk score was significantly associated with tumor grade, tumor stage, immune scores, and immune infiltrate types. Pearson correlation showed that the expression level of prognostic genes was associated with anti-tumor drug sensitivity. Besides, the mRNA and protein expression of prognostic genes was significantly different between HCC tissues and adjacent non-tumorous tissues in our separate cohort. Taken together, a novel focal adhesion related gene signature can be used for prognostic prediction in HCC, which may be a therapeutic alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Lin
- Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fujun Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Heidari Z, Moudi B, Mahmoudzadeh-Sagheb H. Expression Patterns of p53 and Ki-67 in HBV-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Quantitative Real-Time PCR and Immunohistochemical Study. Mol Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893321020229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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50
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Yu L, Wang M, Yang Y, Xu F, Zhang X, Xie F, Gao L, Li X. Predicting therapeutic drugs for hepatocellular carcinoma based on tissue-specific pathways. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1008696. [PMID: 33561121 PMCID: PMC7920387 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant health problem worldwide with poor prognosis. Drug repositioning represents a profitable strategy to accelerate drug discovery in the treatment of HCC. In this study, we developed a new approach for predicting therapeutic drugs for HCC based on tissue-specific pathways and identified three newly predicted drugs that are likely to be therapeutic drugs for the treatment of HCC. We validated these predicted drugs by analyzing their overlapping drug indications reported in PubMed literature. By using the cancer cell line data in the database, we constructed a Connectivity Map (CMap) profile similarity analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis on their related genes. By experimental validation, we found securinine and ajmaline significantly inhibited cell viability of HCC cells and induced apoptosis. Among them, securinine has lower toxicity to normal liver cell line, which is worthy of further research. Our results suggested that the proposed approach was effective and accurate for discovering novel therapeutic options for HCC. This method also could be used to indicate unmarked drug-disease associations in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database. Meanwhile, our method could also be applied to predict the potential drugs for other types of tumors by changing the database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, 72, Jimo District, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, 72, Jimo District, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fengdan Xu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, 72, Jimo District, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Xie
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, 72, Jimo District, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Gao
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiangzhi Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, 72, Jimo District, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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