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Aupperle-Lellbach H, Kehl A, de Brot S, van der Weyden L. Clinical Use of Molecular Biomarkers in Canine and Feline Oncology: Current and Future. Vet Sci 2024; 11:199. [PMID: 38787171 PMCID: PMC11126050 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11050199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Molecular biomarkers are central to personalised medicine for human cancer patients. It is gaining traction as part of standard veterinary clinical practice for dogs and cats with cancer. Molecular biomarkers can be somatic or germline genomic alterations and can be ascertained from tissues or body fluids using various techniques. This review discusses how these genomic alterations can be determined and the findings used in clinical settings as diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, and screening biomarkers. We showcase the somatic and germline genomic alterations currently available to date for testing dogs and cats in a clinical setting, discussing their utility in each biomarker class. We also look at some emerging molecular biomarkers that are promising for clinical use. Finally, we discuss the hurdles that need to be overcome in going 'bench to bedside', i.e., the translation from discovery of genomic alterations to adoption by veterinary clinicians. As we understand more of the genomics underlying canine and feline tumours, molecular biomarkers will undoubtedly become a mainstay in delivering precision veterinary care to dogs and cats with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Aupperle-Lellbach
- Laboklin GmbH&Co.KG, Steubenstr. 4, 97688 Bad Kissingen, Germany; (H.A.-L.); (A.K.)
- School of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Trogerstr. 18, 80333 München, Germany
| | - Alexandra Kehl
- Laboklin GmbH&Co.KG, Steubenstr. 4, 97688 Bad Kissingen, Germany; (H.A.-L.); (A.K.)
- School of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Trogerstr. 18, 80333 München, Germany
| | - Simone de Brot
- Institute of Animal Pathology, COMPATH, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;
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2
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Silver KI, Mannheimer JD, Saba C, Hendricks WPD, Wang G, Day K, Warrier M, Beck JA, Mazcko C, LeBlanc AK. Clinical, pathologic and molecular findings in 2 Rottweiler littermates with appendicular osteosarcoma. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4223759. [PMID: 38659878 PMCID: PMC11042397 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4223759/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Appendicular osteosarcoma was diagnosed and treated in a pair of littermate Rottweiler dogs, resulting in distinctly different clinical outcomes despite similar therapy within the context of a prospective, randomized clinical trial (NCI-COTC021/022). Histopathology, immunohistochemistry, mRNA sequencing, and targeted DNA hotspot sequencing techniques were applied to both dogs' tumors to define factors that could underpin their differential response to treatment. We describe the comparison of their clinical, histologic and molecular features, as well as those from a companion cohort of Rottweiler dogs, providing new insight into potential prognostic biomarkers for canine osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - William P D Hendricks
- Vidium Animal Health, A Subsidiary of The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen)
| | - Guannan Wang
- Vidium Animal Health, A Subsidiary of The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen)
| | - Kenneth Day
- Vidium Animal Health, A Subsidiary of The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen)
| | - Manisha Warrier
- Vidium Animal Health, A Subsidiary of The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen)
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3
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Sakthikumar S, Warrier M, Whitley D, Facista S, Adkins J, Aman S, Tsinajinnie D, Duran N, Siravegna G, Ahmed Z, Day K, Jenkins B, Patel N, Ryden K, Nadai J, Banovich K, Powers B, Edwards J, Steinberg J, Fielder S, Wong S, Byron SA, Izatt T, Zismann V, Boateng M, Zhu Z, Chuang HY, Trent JM, Haworth D, Chon E, Hendricks W, Wang G. Genomic analysis across 53 canine cancer types reveals novel mutations and high clinical actionability potential. Vet Comp Oncol 2024; 22:30-41. [PMID: 38053317 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
A genomic understanding of the oncogenic processes and individual variability of human cancer has steadily fueled improvement in patient outcomes over the past 20 years. Mutations within tumour tissues are routinely assessed through clinical genomic diagnostic assays by academic and commercial laboratories to facilitate diagnosis, prognosis and effective treatment stratification. The application of genomics has unveiled a wealth of mutation-based biomarkers in canine cancers, suggesting that the transformative principles that have revolutionized human cancer medicine can be brought to bear in veterinary oncology. To advance clinical genomics and genomics-guided medicine in canine oncology, we have developed and validated a canine cancer next-generation sequencing gene panel for the identification of multiple mutation types in clinical specimens. With this panel, we examined the genomic landscapes of 828 tumours from 813 dogs, spanning 53 cancer types. We identified 7856 alterations, encompassing copy number variants, single nucleotide variants, indels and internal tandem duplications. Additionally, we evaluated the clinical utility of these alterations by incorporating a biomarker framework from comprehensive curation of primary canine literature and inferences from human cancer genomic biomarker literature and clinical diagnostics. Remarkably, nearly 90% of the cases exhibited mutations with diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic implications. Our work represents a thorough assessment of genomic landscapes in a large cohort of canine cancers, the first of its kind for its comprehensive inclusion of multiple mutation types and structured annotation of biomarkers, demonstrating the clinical potential of leveraging mutation-based biomarkers in veterinary oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sara Aman
- Vidium Animal Health, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kirk Ryden
- Vidium Animal Health, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Joe Nadai
- Vidium Animal Health, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jennifer Steinberg
- Center for Cancer Research at the National Cancer Institute, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Shukmei Wong
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Sara A Byron
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Tyler Izatt
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Victoria Zismann
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jeffrey M Trent
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
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4
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Makielski KM, Sarver AL, Henson MS, Stuebner KM, Borgatti A, Suksanpaisan L, Preusser C, Tabaran AF, Cornax I, O’Sullivan MG, Chehadeh A, Groschen D, Bergsrud K, Pracht S, Winter A, Mills LJ, Schwabenlander MD, Wolfe M, Farrar MA, Cutter GR, Koopmeiners JS, Russell SJ, Modiano JF, Naik S. Neoadjuvant systemic oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus is safe and may enhance long-term survivorship in dogs with naturally occurring osteosarcoma. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2023; 31:100736. [PMID: 37965295 PMCID: PMC10641240 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2023.100736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a devastating bone cancer that disproportionally afflicts children, adolescents, and young adults. Standard therapy includes surgical tumor resection combined with multiagent chemotherapy, but many patients still suffer from metastatic disease progression. Neoadjuvant systemic oncolytic virus (OV) therapy has the potential to improve clinical outcomes by targeting primary and metastatic tumor sites and inducing durable antitumor immune responses. Here we describe the first evaluation of neoadjuvant systemic therapy with a clinical-stage recombinant oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), VSV-IFNβ-NIS, in naturally occurring cancer, specifically appendicular osteosarcoma in companion dogs. Canine osteosarcoma has a similar natural disease history as its human counterpart. VSV-IFNβ-NIS was administered prior to standard of care surgical resection, permitting microscopic and genomic analysis of tumors. Treatment was well-tolerated and a "tail" of long-term survivors (∼35%) was apparent in the VSV-treated group, a greater proportion than observed in two contemporary control cohorts. An increase in tumor inflammation was observed in VSV-treated tumors and RNA-seq analysis showed that all the long-term responders had increased expression of a T cell anchored immune gene cluster. We conclude that neoadjuvant VSV-IFNβ-NIS is safe and may increase long-term survivorship in dogs with naturally occurring osteosarcoma, particularly those that exhibit pre-existing antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M. Makielski
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Aaron L. Sarver
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
- Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Michael S. Henson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Kathleen M. Stuebner
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Antonella Borgatti
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | | | - Caitlin Preusser
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Ingrid Cornax
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | | | - Andrea Chehadeh
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Donna Groschen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Kelly Bergsrud
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Sara Pracht
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Amber Winter
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Lauren J. Mills
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Marc D. Schwabenlander
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Melissa Wolfe
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Michael A. Farrar
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Gary R. Cutter
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Joseph S. Koopmeiners
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Stephen J. Russell
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Vyriad, Inc., 2900 37th St NW, Rochester, MN 55901, USA
| | - Jaime F. Modiano
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Center for Engineering and Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Shruthi Naik
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Vyriad, Inc., 2900 37th St NW, Rochester, MN 55901, USA
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5
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Estabrooks T, Gurinovich A, Pietruska J, Lewis B, Harvey G, Post G, Lambert L, Miller A, Rodrigues L, White ME, Lopes C, London CA, Megquier K. Identification of genomic alterations with clinical impact in canine splenic hemangiosarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2023; 21:623-633. [PMID: 37734854 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Canine hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is an aggressive cancer of endothelial cells with short survival times. Understanding the genomic landscape of HSA may aid in developing therapeutic strategies for dogs and may also inform therapies for the rare and aggressive human cancer angiosarcoma. The objectives of this study were to build a framework for leveraging real-world genomic and clinical data that could provide the foundation for precision medicine in veterinary oncology, and to determine the relationships between genomic and clinical features in canine splenic HSA. One hundred and nine dogs with primary splenic HSA treated by splenectomy that had tumour sequencing via the FidoCure® Precision Medicine Platform targeted sequencing panel were enrolled. Patient signalment, weight, metastasis at diagnosis and overall survival time were retrospectively evaluated. The incidence of genomic alterations in individual genes and their relationship to patient variables including outcome were assessed. Somatic mutations in TP53 (n = 44), NRAS (n = 20) and PIK3CA (n = 19) were most common. Survival was associated with presence of metastases at diagnosis and germline variants in SETD2 and NOTCH1. Age at diagnosis was associated with somatic NRAS mutations and breed. TP53 and PIK3CA somatic mutations were found in larger dogs, while germline SETD2 variants were found in smaller dogs. We identified both somatic mutations and germline variants associated with clinical variables including age, breed and overall survival. These genetic changes may be useful prognostic factors and provide insight into the genomic landscape of hemangiosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Estabrooks
- Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Jodie Pietruska
- MassBio, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - Gerald Post
- One Health Company, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Cheryl A London
- Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kate Megquier
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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6
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Rao H, Liu C, Wang A, Ma C, Xu Y, Ye T, Su W, Zhou P, Gao WQ, Li L, Ding X. SETD2 deficiency accelerates sphingomyelin accumulation and promotes the development of renal cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7572. [PMID: 37989747 PMCID: PMC10663509 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43378-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with polycystic kidney disease (PKD) encounter a high risk of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), a malignant tumor with dysregulated lipid metabolism. SET domain-containing 2 (SETD2) has been identified as an important tumor suppressor and an immunosuppressor in ccRCC. However, the role of SETD2 in ccRCC generation in PKD remains largely unexplored. Herein, we perform metabolomics, lipidomics, transcriptomics and proteomics within SETD2 loss induced PKD-ccRCC transition mouse model. Our analyses show that SETD2 loss causes extensive metabolic reprogramming events that eventually results in enhanced sphingomyelin biosynthesis and tumorigenesis. Clinical ccRCC patient specimens further confirm the abnormal metabolic reprogramming and sphingomyelin accumulation. Tumor symptom caused by Setd2 knockout is relieved by myriocin, a selective inhibitor of serine-palmitoyl-transferase and sphingomyelin biosynthesis. Our results reveal that SETD2 deficiency promotes large-scale metabolic reprogramming and sphingomyelin biosynthesis during PKD-ccRCC transition. This study introduces high-quality multi-omics resources and uncovers a regulatory mechanism of SETD2 on lipid metabolism during tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Rao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Institute for Personalized Medicine and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Institute for Personalized Medicine and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Institute for Personalized Medicine and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Institute for Personalized Medicine and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Tianbao Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenqiong Su
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Institute for Personalized Medicine and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peijun Zhou
- Division of Kidney Transplant, Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Institute for Personalized Medicine and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Xianting Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Institute for Personalized Medicine and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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7
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Chon E, Sakthikumar S, Tang M, Hamilton MJ, Vaughan A, Smith A, Sommer B, Robat C, Manley C, Mullin C, Ohashi E, Manor E, Custis J, Intile J, Shiu KB, Parshley L, Bergman N, Sheppard‐Olivares S, Hafeman S, Wright Z, Haworth D, Hendricks W, Wang G. Novel genomic prognostic biomarkers for dogs with cancer. J Vet Intern Med 2023; 37:2410-2421. [PMID: 37801037 PMCID: PMC10658597 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence from dogs and humans supports the abundance of mutation-based biomarkers in tumors of dogs. Increasing the use of clinical genomic diagnostic testing now provides another powerful data source for biomarker discovery. HYPOTHESIS Analyzed clinical outcomes in dogs with cancer profiled using SearchLight DNA, a cancer gene panel for dogs, to identify mutations with prognostic value. ANIMALS A total of 127 cases of cancer in dogs were analyzed using SearchLight DNA and for which clinical outcome information was available. METHODS Clinical data points were collected by medical record review. Variables including mutated genes, mutations, signalment, and treatment were fitted using Cox proportional hazard models to identify factors associated with progression-free survival (PFS). The log-rank test was used to compare PFS between patients receiving and not receiving targeted treatment before first progression. RESULTS Combined genomic and outcomes analysis identified 336 unique mutations in 89 genes across 26 cancer types. Mutations in 6 genes (CCND1, CCND3, SMARCB1, FANCG, CDKN2A/B, and MSH6) were significantly associated with shorter PFS. Dogs that received targeted treatment before first progression (n = 45) experienced significantly longer PFS compared with those that did not (n = 82, P = .01). This significance held true for 29 dogs that received genomically informed targeted treatment compared with those that did not (P = .05). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE We identified novel mutations with prognostic value and demonstrate the benefit of targeted treatment across multiple cancer types. These results provide clinical evidence of the potential for genomics and precision medicine in dogs with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Chon
- Vidium Animal HealthA Subsidiary of The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen)ScottsdaleArizonaUSA
| | - Sharadha Sakthikumar
- Vidium Animal HealthA Subsidiary of The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen)ScottsdaleArizonaUSA
| | - Min Tang
- STATBEYOND Consulting LLCIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | | | | | - Ashley Smith
- Department of Clinical SciencesAuburn University College of Veterinary MedicineAuburnAlabamaUSA
| | - Breann Sommer
- Wisconsin Veterinary Referral Center by EthosWaukeshaWisconsinUSA
| | - Cecilia Robat
- VCA Veterinary Emergency Service & Veterinary Specialty CenterMiddletonWisconsinUSA
| | | | | | - Emi Ohashi
- VCA Animal Specialty GroupLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Emily Manor
- VCA Advanced Veterinary Care CenterFishersIndianaUSA
| | | | - Joanne Intile
- North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Kai Biu Shiu
- VCA Veterinary Emergency Service & Veterinary Specialty CenterMiddletonWisconsinUSA
| | - Lisa Parshley
- Olympia Veterinary Specialists – The Cancer CenterOlympiaWashingtonUSA
| | - Noelle Bergman
- Department of Clinical SciencesAuburn University College of Veterinary MedicineAuburnAlabamaUSA
| | | | - Scott Hafeman
- VCA Highlands Ranch Animal Specialty and Emergency CenterHighlands RanchColoradoUSA
| | | | - David Haworth
- Vidium Animal HealthA Subsidiary of The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen)ScottsdaleArizonaUSA
| | - William Hendricks
- Vidium Animal HealthA Subsidiary of The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen)ScottsdaleArizonaUSA
| | - Guannan Wang
- Vidium Animal HealthA Subsidiary of The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen)ScottsdaleArizonaUSA
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8
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Makielski KM, Sarver AL, Henson MS, Stuebner KM, Borgatti A, Suksanpaisan L, Preusser C, Tabaran AF, Cornax I, O'Sullivan MG, Chehadeh A, Groschen D, Bergsrud K, Pracht S, Winter A, Mills LJ, Schwabenlander MD, Wolfe M, Farrar MA, Cutter GR, Koopmeiners JS, Russell SJ, Modiano JF, Naik S. Neoadjuvant systemic oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus is safe and may enhance long-term survivorship in dogs with naturally occurring osteosarcoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.16.533664. [PMID: 37131624 PMCID: PMC10153185 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.16.533664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a devastating bone cancer that disproportionally afflicts children, adolescents, and young adults. Standard therapy includes surgical tumor resection combined with multiagent chemotherapy, but many patients still suffer from metastatic disease progression. Neoadjuvant systemic oncolytic virus (OV) therapy has the potential to improve clinical outcomes by targeting primary and metastatic tumor sites and inducing durable antitumor immune responses. Here we described the first evaluation of neoadjuvant systemic therapy with a clinical-stage recombinant oncolytic Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), VSV-IFNβ-NIS, in naturally occurring cancer, specifically appendicular osteosarcoma in companion dogs. Canine osteosarcoma has a similar natural disease history as its human counterpart. VSV-IFNβ-NIS was administered prior to standard of care surgical resection, permitting microscopic and genomic analysis of tumors. Treatment was well-tolerated and a 'tail' of long-term survivors (~35%) was apparent in the VSV-treated group, a greater proportion than observed in two contemporary control cohorts. An increase in tumor inflammation was observed in VSV-treated tumors and RNAseq analysis showed that all the long-term responders had increased expression of a T-cell anchored immune gene cluster. We conclude that neoadjuvant VSV-IFNβ-NIS is safe and may increase long-term survivorship in dogs with naturally occurring osteosarcoma, particularly those that exhibit pre-existing antitumor immunity.
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9
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Sakthikumar S, Facista S, Whitley D, Byron SA, Ahmed Z, Warrier M, Zhu Z, Chon E, Banovich K, Haworth D, Hendricks WPD, Wang G. Standing in the canine precision medicine knowledge gap: Improving annotation of canine cancer genomic biomarkers through systematic comparative analysis of human cancer mutations in COSMIC. Vet Comp Oncol 2023; 21:482-491. [PMID: 37248814 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The accrual of cancer mutation data and related functional and clinical associations have revolutionised human oncology, enabling the advancement of precision medicine and biomarker-guided clinical management. The catalogue of cancer mutations is also growing in canine cancers. However, without direct high-powered functional data in dogs, it remains challenging to interpret and utilise them in research and clinical settings. It is well-recognised that canine and human cancers share genetic, molecular and phenotypic similarities. Therefore, leveraging the massive wealth of human mutation data may help advance canine oncology. Here, we present a structured analysis of sequence conservation and conversion of human mutations to the canine genome through a 'caninisation' process. We applied this analysis to COSMIC, the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer, the most prominent human cancer mutation database. For the project's initial phase, we focused on the subset of the COSMIC data corresponding to Cancer Gene Census (CGC) genes. A total of 670 canine orthologs were found for 721 CGC genes. In these genes, 365 K unique mutations across 160 tumour types were converted successfully to canine coordinates. We identified shared putative cancer-driving mutations, including pathogenic and hotspot mutations and mutations bearing similar biomarker associations with diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic utility. Thus, this structured caninisation of human cancer mutations facilitates the interpretation and annotation of canine mutations and helps bridge the knowledge gap to enable canine precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Derick Whitley
- Vidium Animal Health, a TGen Subsidiary, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Sara A Byron
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Zeeshan Ahmed
- Vidium Animal Health, a TGen Subsidiary, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Manisha Warrier
- Vidium Animal Health, a TGen Subsidiary, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Zhanyang Zhu
- Vidium Animal Health, a TGen Subsidiary, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Esther Chon
- Vidium Animal Health, a TGen Subsidiary, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | | | - David Haworth
- Vidium Animal Health, a TGen Subsidiary, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Guannan Wang
- Vidium Animal Health, a TGen Subsidiary, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
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10
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Mannheimer JD, Tawa G, Gerhold D, Braisted J, Sayers CM, McEachron TA, Meltzer P, Mazcko C, Beck JA, LeBlanc AK. Transcriptional profiling of canine osteosarcoma identifies prognostic gene expression signatures with translational value for humans. Commun Biol 2023; 6:856. [PMID: 37591946 PMCID: PMC10435536 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05208-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine osteosarcoma is increasingly recognized as an informative model for human osteosarcoma. Here we show in one of the largest clinically annotated canine osteosarcoma transcriptional datasets that two previously reported, as well as de novo gene signatures devised through single sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA), have prognostic utility in both human and canine patients. Shared molecular pathway alterations are seen in immune cell signaling and activation including TH1 and TH2 signaling, interferon signaling, and inflammatory responses. Virtual cell sorting to estimate immune cell populations within canine and human tumors showed similar trends, predominantly for macrophages and CD8+ T cells. Immunohistochemical staining verified the increased presence of immune cells in tumors exhibiting immune gene enrichment. Collectively these findings further validate naturally occurring osteosarcoma of the pet dog as a translationally relevant patient model for humans and improve our understanding of the immunologic and genomic landscape of the disease in both species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Mannheimer
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gregory Tawa
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, Therapeutic Development Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - David Gerhold
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, Therapeutic Development Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - John Braisted
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, Therapeutic Development Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Carly M Sayers
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Troy A McEachron
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul Meltzer
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christina Mazcko
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jessica A Beck
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amy K LeBlanc
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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11
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Sarver AL, Mills LJ, Makielski KM, Temiz NA, Wang J, Spector LG, Subramanian S, Modiano JF. Distinct mechanisms of PTEN inactivation in dogs and humans highlight convergent molecular events that drive cell division in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma. Cancer Genet 2023; 276-277:1-11. [PMID: 37267683 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A hallmark of osteosarcoma in both human and canine tumors is somatic fragmentation and rearrangement of chromosome structure which leads to recurrent increases and decreases in DNA copy number. The PTEN gene has been implicated as an important tumor suppressor in osteosarcoma via forward genetic screens. Here, we analyzed copy number changes, promoter methylation and transcriptomes to better understand the role of PTEN in canine and human osteosarcoma. Reduction in PTEN copy number was observed in 23 of 95 (25%) of the canine tumors examined leading to corresponding decreases in PTEN transcript levels from RNA-Seq samples. Unexpectedly, canine tumors with an intact PTEN locus had higher levels of PTEN transcripts than human tumors. This variation in transcript abundance was used to evaluate the role of PTEN in osteosarcoma biology. Decreased PTEN copy number and transcript level was observed in - and likely an important driver of - increases in cell cycle transcripts in four independent canine transcriptional datasets. In human osteosarcoma, homozygous copy number loss was not observed, instead increased methylation of the PTEN promoter was associated with increased cell cycle transcripts. Somatic modification of PTEN, either by homozygous deletion in dogs or by promoter methylation in humans, is clinically relevant to osteosarcoma, because the cell cycle related transcripts are associated with patient outcomes. The PTEN gene is part of a syntenic rearrangement unique to the canine genome, making it susceptible to somatic loss of both copies of distal chromosome 26 which also includes the FAS death receptor. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: PTEN function is abrogated by different mechanisms in canine and human osteosarcoma tumors leading to uncontrolled cell cycling. Somatic loss of this canine specific syntenic region may help explain why the canine genome appears to be uniquely susceptible to osteosarcoma. Syntenic arrangement, in the context of copy number change, may lead to synergistic interactions that in turn modify species specific cancer risk. Comparative models of tumorigenesis may utilize different driver mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron L Sarver
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
| | - Lauren J Mills
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Kelly M Makielski
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Nuri A Temiz
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Logan G Spector
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Subbaya Subramanian
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jaime F Modiano
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Engineering and Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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12
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Arendt ML, Dobson JM. Sarcoma Predisposition in Dogs with a Comparative View to Human Orthologous Disease. Vet Sci 2023; 10:476. [PMID: 37505880 PMCID: PMC10385400 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10070476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas are malignant tumors arising from the embryonic mesodermal cell lineage. This group of cancers covers a heterogenous set of solid tumors arising from soft tissues or bone. Many features such as histology, biological behavior and molecular characteristics are shared between sarcomas in humans and dogs, suggesting that human sarcoma research can be informative for canine disease, and that dogs with sarcomas can serve as relevant translational cancer models, to aid in the understanding of human disease and cancer biology. In the present paper, risk factors for the development of sarcoma in dogs are reviewed, with a particular focus on recent advances in clinical genetics, and on the identification of simple and complex genetic risk factors with a comparison with what has been found in human orthologous disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja L Arendt
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Jane M Dobson
- Queens Veterinary School Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
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13
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Rodrigues L, Watson J, Feng Y, Lewis B, Harvey G, Post G, Megquier K, White ME, Lambert L, Miller A, Lopes C, Zhao S. Shared hotspot mutations in oncogenes position dogs as an unparalleled comparative model for precision therapeutics. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10935. [PMID: 37414794 PMCID: PMC10325973 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37505-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring canine cancers have remarkable similarities to their human counterparts. To better understand these similarities, we investigated 671 client-owned dogs from 96 breeds with 23 common tumor types, including those whose mutation profile are unknown (anal sac carcinoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma) or understudied (thyroid carcinoma, soft tissue sarcoma and hepatocellular carcinoma). We discovered mutations in 50 well-established oncogenes and tumor suppressors, and compared them to those reported in human cancers. As in human cancer, TP53 is the most commonly mutated gene, detected in 22.5% of canine tumors overall. Canine tumors share mutational hotspots with human tumors in oncogenes including PIK3CA, KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, KIT and EGFR. Hotspot mutations with significant association to tumor type include NRAS G61R and PIK3CA H1047R in hemangiosarcoma, ERBB2 V659E in pulmonary carcinoma, and BRAF V588E (equivalent of V600E in humans) in urothelial carcinoma. Our findings better position canines as a translational model of human cancer to investigate a wide spectrum of targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Rodrigues
- One Health Company, Inc, 530 Lytton Ave, 2nd Floor, Palo Alto, CA, 94301, USA.
| | - Joshua Watson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, B304B Life Sciences Building, 120 Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602-7229, USA
| | - Yuan Feng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, B304B Life Sciences Building, 120 Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602-7229, USA
| | - Benjamin Lewis
- One Health Company, Inc, 530 Lytton Ave, 2nd Floor, Palo Alto, CA, 94301, USA
| | - Garrett Harvey
- One Health Company, Inc, 530 Lytton Ave, 2nd Floor, Palo Alto, CA, 94301, USA
| | - Gerald Post
- One Health Company, Inc, 530 Lytton Ave, 2nd Floor, Palo Alto, CA, 94301, USA
| | - Kate Megquier
- One Health Company, Inc, 530 Lytton Ave, 2nd Floor, Palo Alto, CA, 94301, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Michelle E White
- One Health Company, Inc, 530 Lytton Ave, 2nd Floor, Palo Alto, CA, 94301, USA
| | - Lindsay Lambert
- One Health Company, Inc, 530 Lytton Ave, 2nd Floor, Palo Alto, CA, 94301, USA
| | - Aubrey Miller
- One Health Company, Inc, 530 Lytton Ave, 2nd Floor, Palo Alto, CA, 94301, USA
| | - Christina Lopes
- One Health Company, Inc, 530 Lytton Ave, 2nd Floor, Palo Alto, CA, 94301, USA
| | - Shaying Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, B304B Life Sciences Building, 120 Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602-7229, USA.
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14
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Twenhafel L, Moreno D, Punt T, Kinney M, Ryznar R. Epigenetic Changes Associated with Osteosarcoma: A Comprehensive Review. Cells 2023; 12:1595. [PMID: 37371065 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant primary bone tumor in children and adolescents. While clinical outcomes have improved, the 5-year survival rate is only around 60% if discovered early and can require debilitating treatments, such as amputations. A better understanding of the disease could lead to better clinical outcomes for patients with osteosarcoma. One promising avenue of osteosarcoma research is in the field of epigenetics. This research investigates changes in genetic expression that occur above the genome rather than in the genetic code itself. The epigenetics of osteosarcoma is an active area of research that is still not fully understood. In a narrative review, we examine recent advances in the epigenetics of osteosarcoma by reporting biomarkers of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA associated with disease progression. We also show how cancer tumor epigenetic profiles are being used to predict and improve patient outcomes. The papers in this review cover a large range of epigenetic target genes and pathways that modulate many aspects of osteosarcoma, including but not limited to metastases and chemotherapy resistance. Ultimately, this review will shed light on the recent advances in the epigenetics of osteosarcoma and illustrate the clinical benefits of this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Twenhafel
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
| | - DiAnna Moreno
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
| | - Trista Punt
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
| | - Madeline Kinney
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
| | - Rebecca Ryznar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
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15
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He J, Xu T, Zhao F, Guo J, Hu Q. SETD2-H3K36ME3: an important bridge between the environment and tumors. Front Genet 2023; 14:1204463. [PMID: 37359376 PMCID: PMC10288198 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1204463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation plays an important role in the occurrence, development and treatment of tumors. The histone methyltransferase SET-domain-containing 2 (SETD2) plays a key role in mammalian epigenetic regulation by catalyzing histone methylation and interacting with RNA polymerase II to mediate transcription elongation and mismatch repair. As an important bridge between the environment and tumors, SETD2-H3K36me3 plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Many tumors, including renal cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, are closely related to SETD2 gene mutations. As a key component of common tumor suppressor mechanisms, SETD2-H3K36me3is an important target for clinical disease diagnosis and treatment. Here, we reviewed the structure and function of the SETD2 and how SETD2-H3K36me3 functions as a bridge between the environment and tumors to provide an in-depth understanding of its role in the occurrence and development of various tumors, which is of great significance for future disease diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui He
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tangpeng Xu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fangrui Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jin Guo
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qinyong Hu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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16
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Araki Y, Asano N, Yamamoto N, Hayashi K, Takeuchi A, Miwa S, Igarashi K, Higuchi T, Abe K, Taniguchi Y, Yonezawa H, Morinaga S, Asano Y, Yoshida T, Hanayama R, Matsuzaki J, Ochiya T, Kawai A, Tsuchiya H. A validation study for the utility of serum microRNA as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in patients with osteosarcoma. Oncol Lett 2023; 25:222. [PMID: 37153065 PMCID: PMC10157352 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, osteosarcoma advanced locally, and metastasis was promoted through the secretion of large number of small extracellular vesicles, followed by suppressing osteoclastogenesis via the upregulation of microRNA (miR)-146a-5p. An additional 12 miRNAs in small extracellular vesicles were also detected ≥6× as frequently in high-grade malignancy with the capacity to metastasize as in those with a low metastatic potential. However, the utility of these 13 miRNAs for determining the prognosis or diagnosis of osteosarcoma has not been validated in the clinical setting. In the present study, the utility of these miRNAs as prognostic and diagnostic markers was therefore assessed. In total, 30 patients with osteosarcoma were retrospectively reviewed, and the survival rate was compared according to the serum miRNA levels in 27 patients treated with chemotherapy and surgery. In addition, to confirm diagnostic competency for osteosarcoma, the serum miRNA levels were compared with those in patients with other bone tumors (n=112) and healthy controls (n=275). The patients with osteosarcoma with high serum levels of several miRNAs (miR-146a-5p, miR-1260a, miR-487b-3p, miR-1260b and miR-4758-3p) exhibited an improved survival rate compared with those with low levels. In particular, patients with high serum levels of miR-1260a exhibited a significantly improved overall survival rate, metastasis-free survival rate and disease-free survival rate compared with those with low levels. Thus, serum miR-1260a may potentially be a prognostic marker for patients with osteosarcoma. Moreover, patients with osteosarcoma had higher serum miR-1261 levels than those with benign or intermediate-grade bone tumors and thus may be a potential therapeutic target, in addition to being useful for differentiating whether or not a bone tumor is high-grade. A larger investigation is required to clarify the actual utility of these miRNAs in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Araki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Naofumi Asano
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Norio Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
- Correspondence to: Professor Norio Yamamoto, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan, E-mail:
| | - Katsuhiro Hayashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Akihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Shinji Miwa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Kentaro Igarashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Takashi Higuchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Kensaku Abe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Yuta Taniguchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Yonezawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Sei Morinaga
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Yohei Asano
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yoshida
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Rikinari Hanayama
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Juntaro Matsuzaki
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Akira Kawai
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
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17
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Klosowski M, Haines L, Alfino L, McMellen A, Leibowitz M, Regan D. Naturally occurring canine sarcomas: Bridging the gap from mouse models to human patients through cross-disciplinary research partnerships. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1130215. [PMID: 37035209 PMCID: PMC10076632 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1130215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Fueled by support from the National Cancer Institute's "Cancer Moonshot" program, the past few years have witnessed a renewed interest in the canine spontaneous cancer model as an invaluable resource in translational oncology research. Increasingly, there is awareness that pet dogs with cancer provide an accessible bridge to improving the efficiency of cancer drug discovery and clinical therapeutic development. Canine tumors share many biological, genetic, and histologic features with their human tumor counterparts, and most importantly, retain the complexities of naturally occurring drug resistance, metastasis, and tumor-host immune interactions, all of which are difficult to recapitulate in induced or genetically engineered murine tumor models. The utility of canine models has been particularly apparent in sarcoma research, where the increased incidence of sarcomas in dogs as compared to people has facilitated comparative research resulting in treatment advances benefitting both species. Although there is an increasing awareness of the advantages in using spontaneous canine sarcoma models for research, these models remain underutilized, in part due to a lack of more permanent institutional and cross-institutional infrastructure to support partnerships between veterinary and human clinician-scientists. In this review, we provide an updated overview of historical and current applications of spontaneously occurring canine tumor models in sarcoma research, with particular attention to knowledge gaps, limitations, and growth opportunities within these applications. Furthermore, we propose considerations for working within existing veterinary translational and comparative oncology research infrastructures to maximize the benefit of partnerships between veterinary and human biomedical researchers within and across institutions to improve the utility and application of spontaneous canine sarcomas in translational oncology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Klosowski
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Laurel Haines
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Lauren Alfino
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Alexandra McMellen
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Michael Leibowitz
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Daniel Regan
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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18
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Cellular Transcriptomics of Carboplatin Resistance in a Metastatic Canine Osteosarcoma Cell Line. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030558. [PMID: 36980828 PMCID: PMC10048144 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma prognosis has remained unchanged for the past three decades. In both humans and canines, treatment is limited to excision, radiation, and chemotherapy. Chemoresistance is the primary cause of treatment failure, and the trajectory of tumor evolution while under selective pressure from treatment is thought to be the major contributing factor in both species. We sought to understand the nature of platinum-based chemotherapy resistance by investigating cells that were subjected to repeated treatment and recovery cycles with increased carboplatin concentrations. Three HMPOS-derived cell lines, two resistant and one naïve, underwent single-cell RNA sequencing to examine transcriptomic perturbation and identify pathways leading to resistance and phenotypic changes. We identified the mechanisms of acquired chemoresistance and inferred the induced cellular trajectory that evolved with repeated exposure. The gene expression patterns indicated that acquired chemoresistance was strongly associated with a process similar to epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), a phenomenon associated with the acquisition of migratory and invasive properties associated with metastatic disease. We conclude that the observed trajectory of tumor adaptability is directly correlated with chemoresistance and the phase of the EMT-like phenotype is directly affected by the level of chemoresistance. We infer that the EMT-like phenotype is a critical component of tumor evolution under treatment pressure and is vital to understanding the mechanisms of chemoresistance and to improving osteosarcoma prognosis.
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19
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Wu K, Rodrigues L, Post G, Harvey G, White M, Miller A, Lambert L, Lewis B, Lopes C, Zou J. Analyses of canine cancer mutations and treatment outcomes using real-world clinico-genomics data of 2119 dogs. NPJ Precis Oncol 2023; 7:8. [PMID: 36658200 PMCID: PMC9852553 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-023-00346-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous tumors in canines share significant genetic and histological similarities with human tumors, positioning them as valuable models to guide drug development. However, current translational studies have limited real world evidence as cancer outcomes are dispersed across veterinary clinics and genomic tests are rarely performed on dogs. In this study, we aim to expand the value of canine models by systematically characterizing genetic mutations in tumors and their response to targeted treatments. In total, we collect and analyze survival outcomes for 2119 tumor-bearing dogs and the prognostic effect of genomic alterations in a subset of 1108 dogs. Our analysis identifies prognostic concordance between canines and humans in several key oncogenes, including TP53 and PIK3CA. We also find that several targeted treatments designed for humans are associated with a positive prognosis when used to treat canine tumors with specific genomic alterations, underscoring the value of canine models in advancing drug discovery for personalized oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Wu
- One Health Company, Palo Alto, CA US ,grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, US
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - James Zou
- One Health Company, Palo Alto, CA US ,grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, US
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20
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Simpson S, Rizvanov AA, Jeyapalan JN, de Brot S, Rutland CS. Canine osteosarcoma in comparative oncology: Molecular mechanisms through to treatment discovery. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:965391. [PMID: 36570509 PMCID: PMC9773846 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.965391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of non-communicable morbidity and mortality throughout the world, similarly, in dogs, the most frequent cause of mortality is tumors. Some types of cancer, including osteosarcoma (OSA), occur at much higher rates in dogs than people. Dogs therefore not only require treatment themselves but can also act as an effective parallel patient population for the human disease equivalent. It should be noted that although there are many similarities between canine and human OSA, there are also key differences and it is important to research and highlight these features. Despite progress using chorioallantoic membrane models, 2D and 3D in vitro models, and rodent OSA models, many more insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms, drug development, and treatment are being discovered in a variety of canine OSA patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan Simpson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Albert A. Rizvanov
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom,Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Jennie N. Jeyapalan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom,Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Simone de Brot
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom,Comparative Pathology Platform (COMPATH), Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Catrin S. Rutland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Catrin S. Rutland
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21
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Gardner HL, Fenger JM, Roberts RD, London CA. Characterizing the metabolic role of STAT3 in canine osteosarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2022; 20:817-824. [PMID: 35608271 PMCID: PMC9669091 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) dysregulation has been characterized in canine OS, with previous data suggesting that constitutive STAT3 activation contributes to survival and proliferation in OS cell lines in vitro. Recently, the contribution of STAT3 to tumour metabolism has been described across several tumour histologies, and understanding the metabolic implications of STAT3 loss may elucidate novel therapeutic approaches with synergistic activity. The objective of this work was to characterize metabolic benchmarks associated with STAT3 loss in canine OS. STAT3 expression and activation was evaluated using western blotting in canine OS cell lines OSCA8 and Abrams. STAT3 was deleted from these OS cell lines using CRISPR-Cas9, and the effects on proliferation, invasion and metabolism (respirometry, intracellular lactate) were determined. Loss of STAT3 was associated with decreased basal and compensatory glycolysis in canine OS cell lines, without modulation of cellular proliferation. Loss of STAT3 also resulted in diminished invasive capacity in vitro. Interestingly, the absence of STAT3 did not impact sensitivity to doxorubicin in vitro. Our data demonstrate that loss of STAT3 modulates features of aerobic glycolysis in canine OS impacting capacities for cellular invasions, suggesting a role for this transcription factor in metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L. Gardner
- Cummings School of Veterinary MedicineTufts UniversityNorth GraftonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Joelle M. Fenger
- College of Veterinary MedicineThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA,Present address:
Ethos Veterinary Health and Ethos Discovery (501c3)WoburnMassachusettsUSA
| | - Ryan D. Roberts
- Research Institute at Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Cheryl A. London
- Cummings School of Veterinary MedicineTufts UniversityNorth GraftonMassachusettsUSA
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22
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Yu Y, Manders F, Grinwis GCM, Groenen MAM, Crooijmans RPMA. A recurrent somatic missense mutation in GNAS gene identified in familial thyroid follicular cell carcinomas in German longhaired pointer dogs. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:669. [PMID: 36151521 PMCID: PMC9508735 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08885-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported a familial thyroid follicular cell carcinoma (FCC) in a large number of Dutch German longhaired pointers and identified two deleterious germline mutations in the TPO gene associated with disease predisposition. However, the somatic mutation profile of the FCC in dogs has not been investigated at a genome-wide scale. RESULTS Herein, we comprehensively investigated the somatic mutations that potentially contribute to the inherited tumor formation and progression using high depth whole-genome sequencing. A GNAS p.A204D missense mutation was identified in 4 out of 7 FCC tumors by whole-genome sequencing and in 20 out of 32 dogs' tumors by targeted sequencing. In contrast to this, in the human TC, mutations in GNAS gene have lower prevalence. Meanwhile, the homologous somatic mutation in humans has not been reported. These findings suggest a difference in the somatic mutation landscape between TC in these dogs and human TC. Moreover, tumors with the GNAS p.A204D mutation had a significantly lower somatic mutation burden in these dogs. Somatic structural variant and copy number alterations were also investigated, but no potential driver event was identified. CONCLUSION This study provides novel insight in the molecular mechanism of thyroid carcinoma development in dogs. German longhaired pointers carrying GNAS mutations in the tumor may be used as a disease model for the development and testing of novel therapies to kill the tumor with somatic mutations in the GNAS gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yu
- Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Freek Manders
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Guy C M Grinwis
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martien A M Groenen
- Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard P M A Crooijmans
- Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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23
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Megquier K, Turner-Maier J, Morrill K, Li X, Johnson J, Karlsson EK, London CA, Gardner HL. The genomic landscape of canine osteosarcoma cell lines reveals conserved structural complexity and pathway alterations. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274383. [PMID: 36099278 PMCID: PMC9469990 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The characterization of immortalized canine osteosarcoma (OS) cell lines used for research has historically been based on phenotypic features such as cellular morphology and expression of bone specific markers. With the increasing use of these cell lines to investigate novel therapeutic approaches prior to in vivo translation, a much more detailed understanding regarding the genomic landscape of these lines is required to ensure accurate interpretation of findings. Here we report the first whole genome characterization of eight canine OS cell lines, including single nucleotide variants, copy number variants and other structural variants. Many alterations previously characterized in primary canine OS tissue were observed in these cell lines, including TP53 mutations, MYC copy number gains, loss of CDKN2A, PTEN, DLG2, MAGI2, and RB1 and structural variants involving SETD2, DLG2 and DMD. These data provide a new framework for understanding how best to incorporate in vitro findings generated using these cell lines into the design of future clinical studies involving dogs with spontaneous OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Megquier
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jason Turner-Maier
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kathleen Morrill
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Xue Li
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jeremy Johnson
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Elinor K Karlsson
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Cheryl A London
- Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Heather L Gardner
- Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts, United States of America
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24
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Yang YT, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V. Sorafenib and Doxorubicin Show Synergistic Effects in Human and Canine Osteosarcoma Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169345. [PMID: 36012610 PMCID: PMC9408891 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common bone tumor in both humans and dogs and has a nearly ten-fold higher incidence in dogs than humans. Despite advances in the treatment of other cancers, the overall survival rates for OSA have stagnated for the past four decades. Therefore, there is a great need to identify novel and effective treatments. We screened a series of tyrosine kinase inhibitors and selected sorafenib, a multi-kinase inhibitor, for further evaluation alone and in combination with cisplatin, carboplatin, and doxorubicin on canine and human OSA cell lines. Our data point to synergistic effects when sorafenib is combined with doxorubicin, but not when combined with cisplatin or carboplatin, in both human and canine OSA. Based on current findings, clinical trials using a combination of doxorubicin and sorafenib in proof-of-concept studies in dogs are warranted. These studies can be carried out relatively quickly in dogs where case load is high and, in turn, provide useful data for the initiation of clinical trials in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ting Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Vilma Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Correspondence:
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25
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Kleber KT, Iranpur KR, Perry LM, Cruz SM, Razmara AM, Culp WTN, Kent MS, Eisen JA, Rebhun RB, Canter RJ. Using the canine microbiome to bridge translation of cancer immunotherapy from pre-clinical murine models to human clinical trials. Front Immunol 2022; 13:983344. [PMID: 36032113 PMCID: PMC9412231 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.983344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiome has clearly been established as a cutting-edge field in tumor immunology and immunotherapy. Growing evidence supports the role of the microbiome in immune surveillance, self-tolerance, and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors such as anti PD-L1 and CTLA-4 blockade (1-6). Moreover, recent studies including those using fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) have demonstrated that response to checkpoint immunotherapies may be conferred or eliminated through gut microbiome modulation (7, 8). Consequently, studies evaluating microbiota-host immune and metabolic interactions remain an area of high impact research. While observations in murine models have highlighted the importance of the microbiome in response to therapy, we lack sufficient understanding of the exact mechanisms underlying these interactions. Furthermore, mouse and human gut microbiome composition may be too dissimilar for discovery of all relevant gut microbial biomarkers. Multiple cancers in dogs, including lymphoma, high grade gliomas, melanomas and osteosarcoma (OSA) closely resemble their human analogues, particularly in regard to metastasis, disease recurrence and response to treatment. Importantly, dogs with these spontaneous cancers also have intact immune systems, suggesting that microbiome analyses in these subjects may provide high yield information, especially in the setting of novel immunotherapy regimens which are currently expanding rapidly in canine comparative oncology (9, 10). Additionally, as onco-microbiotic therapies are developed to modify gut microbiomes for maximal responsiveness, large animal models with intact immune systems will be useful for trialing interventions and monitoring adverse events. Together, pre-clinical mechanistic studies and large animal trials can help fully unlock the potential of the microbiome as a diagnostic and therapeutic target in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara T. Kleber
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Khurshid R. Iranpur
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Lauren M. Perry
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Sylvia M. Cruz
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Aryana M. Razmara
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - William T. N. Culp
- Center for Companion Animal Health Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Michael S. Kent
- Center for Companion Animal Health Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Jonathan A. Eisen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Robert B. Rebhun
- Center for Companion Animal Health Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Robert J. Canter
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, United States
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26
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Giannuzzi D, Marconato L, Fanelli A, Licenziato L, De Maria R, Rinaldi A, Rotta L, Rouquet N, Birolo G, Fariselli P, Mensah AA, Bertoni F, Aresu L. The genomic landscape of canine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma identifies distinct subtypes with clinical and therapeutic implications. Lab Anim (NY) 2022; 51:191-202. [PMID: 35726023 DOI: 10.1038/s41684-022-00998-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoid neoplasm in dogs and in humans. It is characterized by a remarkable degree of clinical heterogeneity that is not completely elucidated by molecular data. This poses a major barrier to understanding the disease and its response to therapy, or when treating dogs with DLBCL within clinical trials. We performed an integrated analysis of exome (n = 77) and RNA sequencing (n = 43) data in a cohort of canine DLBCL to define the genetic landscape of this tumor. A wide range of signaling pathways and cellular processes were found in common with human DLBCL, but the frequencies of the most recurrently mutated genes (TRAF3, SETD2, POT1, TP53, MYC, FBXW7, DDX3X and TBL1XR1) differed. We developed a prognostic model integrating exonic variants and clinical and transcriptomic features to predict the outcome in dogs with DLBCL. These results comprehensively define the genetic drivers of canine DLBCL and can be prospectively utilized to identify new therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Giannuzzi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Laura Marconato
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Fanelli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Licenziato
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Raffaella De Maria
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Rinaldi
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Luca Rotta
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Birolo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Piero Fariselli
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Afua A Mensah
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland. .,Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
| | - Luca Aresu
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy.
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27
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Mills LJ, Scott MC, Shah P, Cunanan AR, Deshpande A, Auch B, Curtin B, Beckman KB, Spector LG, Sarver AL, Subramanian S, Richmond TA, Modiano JF. Comparative analysis of genome-wide DNA methylation identifies patterns that associate with conserved transcriptional programs in osteosarcoma. Bone 2022; 158:115716. [PMID: 33127576 PMCID: PMC8076342 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is an aggressive tumor of the bone that primarily affects young adults and adolescents. Osteosarcoma is characterized by genomic chaos and heterogeneity. While inactivation of tumor protein p53 (TP53) is nearly universal other high frequency mutations or structural variations have not been identified. Despite this genomic heterogeneity, key conserved transcriptional programs associated with survival have been identified across human, canine and induced murine osteosarcoma. The epigenomic landscape, including DNA methylation, plays a key role in establishing transcriptional programs in all cell types. The role of epigenetic dysregulation has been studied in a variety of cancers but has yet to be explored at scale in osteosarcoma. Here we examined genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in 24 human and 44 canine osteosarcoma samples identifying groups of highly correlated DNA methylation marks in human and canine osteosarcoma samples. We also link specific DNA methylation patterns to key transcriptional programs in both human and canine osteosarcoma. Building on previous work, we built a DNA methylation-based measure for the presence and abundance of various immune cell types in osteosarcoma. Finally, we determined that the underlying state of the tumor, and not changes in cell composition, were the main driver of differences in DNA methylation across the human and canine samples. SIGNIFICANCE: Genome wide comparison of DNA methylation patterns in osteosarcoma across two species lays the ground work for the exploration of DNA methylation programs that help establish conserved transcriptional programs in the context of varied mutational landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren J Mills
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Childhood Cancer Genomics Group, Department of Pediatric, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Milcah C Scott
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Pankti Shah
- Roche Sequencing Solution, Pleasanton, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Benjamin Auch
- University of Minnesota Genomics Center, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Bridget Curtin
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | - Logan G Spector
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Childhood Cancer Genomics Group, Department of Pediatric, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Aaron L Sarver
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108, USA; Institute of Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Subbaya Subramanian
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | - Jaime F Modiano
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108, USA; Institute of Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, UDS Institute for Engineering in Medicine, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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28
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Nance RL, Cooper SJ, Starenki D, Wang X, Matz B, Lindley S, Smith AN, Smith AA, Bergman N, Sandey M, Koehler J, Agarwal P, Smith BF. Transcriptomic Analysis of Canine Osteosarcoma from a Precision Medicine Perspective Reveals Limitations of Differential Gene Expression Studies. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040680. [PMID: 35456486 PMCID: PMC9031617 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in cancer diagnosis and treatment, osteosarcoma (OSA), an aggressive primary bone tumor, has eluded attempts at improving patient survival for many decades. The difficulty in managing OSA lies in its extreme genetic complexity, drug resistance, and heterogeneity, making it improbable that a single-target treatment would be beneficial for the majority of affected individuals. Precision medicine seeks to fill this gap by addressing the intra- and inter-tumoral heterogeneity to improve patient outcome and survival. The characterization of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) unique to the tumor provides insight into the phenotype and can be useful for informing appropriate therapies as well as the development of novel treatments. Traditional DEG analysis combines patient data to derive statistically inferred genes that are dysregulated in the group; however, the results from this approach are not necessarily consistent across individual patients, thus contradicting the basis of precision medicine. Spontaneously occurring OSA in the dog shares remarkably similar clinical, histological, and molecular characteristics to the human disease and therefore serves as an excellent model. In this study, we use transcriptomic sequencing of RNA isolated from primary OSA tumor and patient-matched normal bone from seven dogs prior to chemotherapy to identify DEGs in the group. We then evaluate the universality of these changes in transcript levels across patients to identify DEGs at the individual level. These results can be useful for reframing our perspective of transcriptomic analysis from a precision medicine perspective by identifying variations in DEGs among individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L. Nance
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (R.L.N.); (X.W.); (P.A.)
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (M.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Sara J. Cooper
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA; (S.J.C.); (D.S.)
| | - Dmytro Starenki
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA; (S.J.C.); (D.S.)
| | - Xu Wang
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (R.L.N.); (X.W.); (P.A.)
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (M.S.); (J.K.)
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA; (S.J.C.); (D.S.)
- Center for Advanced Science, Innovation, and Commerce, Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Brad Matz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (B.M.); (S.L.); (A.N.S.); (A.A.S.); (N.B.)
| | - Stephanie Lindley
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (B.M.); (S.L.); (A.N.S.); (A.A.S.); (N.B.)
| | - Annette N. Smith
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (B.M.); (S.L.); (A.N.S.); (A.A.S.); (N.B.)
| | - Ashley A. Smith
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (B.M.); (S.L.); (A.N.S.); (A.A.S.); (N.B.)
| | - Noelle Bergman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (B.M.); (S.L.); (A.N.S.); (A.A.S.); (N.B.)
| | - Maninder Sandey
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (M.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Jey Koehler
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (M.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Payal Agarwal
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (R.L.N.); (X.W.); (P.A.)
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (M.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Bruce F. Smith
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (R.L.N.); (X.W.); (P.A.)
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (M.S.); (J.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-334-844-5587
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29
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Genome-Wide Analyses for Osteosarcoma in Leonberger Dogs Reveal the CDKN2A/B Gene Locus as a Major Risk Locus. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12121964. [PMID: 34946912 PMCID: PMC8700858 DOI: 10.3390/genes12121964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dogs represent a unique spontaneous cancer model. Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common primary bone tumor in dogs (OMIA 001441-9615), and strongly resembles human forms of OSA. Several large- to giant-sized dog breeds, including the Leonberger, have a greatly increased risk of developing OSA. We performed genome-wide association analysis with high-density imputed SNP genotype data from 273 Leonberger cases with a median age of 8.1 [3.1–13.5] years and 365 controls older than eight years. This analysis revealed significant associations at the CDKN2A/B gene locus on canine chromosome 11, mirroring previous findings in other dog breeds, such as the greyhound, that also show an elevated risk for OSA. Heritability (h2SNP) was determined to be 20.6% (SE = 0.08; p-value = 5.7 × 10−4) based on a breed prevalence of 20%. The 2563 SNPs across the genome accounted for nearly all the h2SNP of OSA, with 2183 SNPs of small effect, 316 SNPs of moderate effect, and 64 SNPs of large effect. As with many other cancers it is likely that regulatory, non-coding variants underlie the increased risk for cancer development. Our findings confirm a complex genetic basis of OSA, moderate heritability, and the crucial role of the CDKN2A/B locus leading to strong cancer predisposition in dogs. It will ultimately be interesting to study and compare the known genetic loci associated with canine OSA in human OSA.
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30
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Das S, Idate R, Regan DP, Fowles JS, Lana SE, Thamm DH, Gustafson DL, Duval DL. Immune pathways and TP53 missense mutations are associated with longer survival in canine osteosarcoma. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1178. [PMID: 34635775 PMCID: PMC8505454 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02683-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma affects about 2.8% of dogs with cancer, with a one-year survival rate of approximately 45%. The purpose of this study was to characterize mutation and expression profiles of osteosarcoma and its association with outcome in dogs. The number of somatic variants identified across 26 samples ranged from 145 to 2,697 with top recurrent mutations observed in TP53 and SETD2. Additionally, 47 cancer genes were identified with copy number variations. Missense TP53 mutation status and low pre-treatment blood monocyte counts were associated with a longer disease-free interval (DFI). Patients with longer DFI also showed increased transcript levels of anti-tumor immune response genes. Although, T-cell and myeloid cell quantifications were not significantly associated with outcome; immune related genes, PDL-1 and CD160, were correlated with T-cell abundance. Overall, the association of gene expression and mutation profiles to outcome provides insights into pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions in osteosarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunetra Das
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
| | - Rupa Idate
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Daniel P Regan
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Jared S Fowles
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Susan E Lana
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Douglas H Thamm
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Daniel L Gustafson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Dawn L Duval
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
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31
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Regan DP, Chow L, Das S, Haines L, Palmer E, Kurihara JN, Coy JW, Mathias A, Thamm DH, Gustafson DL, Dow SW. Losartan Blocks Osteosarcoma-Elicited Monocyte Recruitment, and Combined With the Kinase Inhibitor Toceranib, Exerts Significant Clinical Benefit in Canine Metastatic Osteosarcoma. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 28:662-676. [PMID: 34580111 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-2105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is increasing recognition that progress in immuno-oncology could be accelerated by evaluating immune-based therapies in dogs with spontaneous cancers. Osteosarcoma (OS) is one tumor for which limited clinical benefit has been observed with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors. We previously reported the angiotensin receptor blocker losartan suppressed metastasis in preclinical mouse models through blockade of CCL2-CCR2 monocyte recruitment. Here we leverage dogs with spontaneous OS to determine losartan's safety and pharmacokinetics associated with monocyte pharmacodynamic endpoints, and assess its antitumor activity, in combination with the kinase inhibitor toceranib. PATIENTS AND METHODS CCL2 expression, monocyte infiltration, and monocyte recruitment by human and canine OS tumors and cell lines were assessed by gene expression, ELISA, and transwell migration assays. Safety and efficacy of losartan-toceranib therapy were evaluated in 28 dogs with lung metastatic OS. Losartan PK and monocyte PD responses were assessed in three dose cohorts of dogs by chemotaxis, plasma CCL2, and multiplex cytokine assays, and RNA-seq of losartan-treated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. RESULTS Human and canine OS cells secrete CCL2 and elicit monocyte migration, which is inhibited by losartan. Losartan PK/PD studies in dogs revealed that a 10-fold-higher dose than typical antihypertensive dosing was required for blockade of monocyte migration. Treatment with high-dose losartan and toceranib was well-tolerated and induced a clinical benefit rate of 50% in dogs with lung metastases. CONCLUSIONS Losartan inhibits the CCL2-CCR2 axis, and in combination with toceranib, exerts significant biological activity in dogs with metastatic osteosarcoma, supporting evaluation of this drug combination in patients with pediatric osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Regan
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado. .,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Lyndah Chow
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Sunetra Das
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Laurel Haines
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Eric Palmer
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Jade N Kurihara
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Jonathan W Coy
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Alissa Mathias
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Douglas H Thamm
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Daniel L Gustafson
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Steven W Dow
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado. .,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
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Alsaihati BA, Ho KL, Watson J, Feng Y, Wang T, Dobbin KK, Zhao S. Canine tumor mutational burden is correlated with TP53 mutation across tumor types and breeds. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4670. [PMID: 34344882 PMCID: PMC8333103 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24836-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous canine cancers are valuable but relatively understudied and underutilized models. To enhance their usage, we reanalyze whole exome and genome sequencing data published for 684 cases of >7 common tumor types and >35 breeds, with rigorous quality control and breed validation. Our results indicate that canine tumor alteration landscape is tumor type-dependent, but likely breed-independent. Each tumor type harbors major pathway alterations also found in its human counterpart (e.g., PI3K in mammary tumor and p53 in osteosarcoma). Mammary tumor and glioma have lower tumor mutational burden (TMB) (median < 0.5 mutations per Mb), whereas oral melanoma, osteosarcoma and hemangiosarcoma have higher TMB (median ≥ 1 mutations per Mb). Across tumor types and breeds, TMB is associated with mutation of TP53 but not PIK3CA, the most mutated genes. Golden Retrievers harbor a TMB-associated and osteosarcoma-enriched mutation signature. Here, we provide a snapshot of canine mutations across major tumor types and breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burair A Alsaihati
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- National Center for Genomics Technology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kun-Lin Ho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Joshua Watson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Yuan Feng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Tianfang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Kevin K Dobbin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Shaying Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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Gola C, Giannuzzi D, Rinaldi A, Iussich S, Modesto P, Morello E, Buracco P, Aresu L, De Maria R. Genomic and Transcriptomic Characterization of Canine Osteosarcoma Cell Lines: A Valuable Resource in Translational Medicine. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:666838. [PMID: 34079834 PMCID: PMC8165228 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.666838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OSA) represents the most common primary bone tumor in dogs and is characterized by a highly aggressive behavior. Cell lines represent one of the most suitable and reproducible pre-clinical models, and therefore the knowledge of their molecular landscape is mandatory to investigate oncogenic mechanisms and drug response. The present study aims at determining variants, putative driver genes, and gene expression aberrations by integrating whole-exome and RNA sequencing. For this purpose, eight canine OSA cell lines and one matched pair of primary tumor and normal tissue were analyzed. Overall, cell lines revealed a mean tumor mutational burden of 9.6 mutations/Mb (range 3.9–16.8). Several known oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, such as ALK, MYC, and MET, were prioritized as having a likely role in canine OSA. Mutations in eight genes, previously described as human OSA drivers and including TP53, PTCH1, MED12, and PI3KCA, were retrieved in our cell lines. When variants were cross-referenced with human OSA driver mutations, the E273K mutation of TP53 was identified in the Wall cell line and tumor sample. The transcriptome profiling detected two possible p53 inactivation mechanisms in the Wall cell line on the one hand, and in D17 and D22 on the other. Moreover, MET overexpression, potentially leading to MAPK/ERK pathway activation, was observed in D17 and D22 cell lines. In conclusion, our data provide the molecular characterization of a large number of canine OSA cell lines, allowing future investigations on potential therapeutic targets and associated biomarkers. Notably, the Wall cell line represents a valuable model to empower prospective in vitro studies both in human and in dogs, since the TP53 driver mutation was maintained during cell line establishment and was widely reported as a mutation hotspot in several human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Gola
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Diana Giannuzzi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Rinaldi
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Oncology Research, Universit'a della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Selina Iussich
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Modesto
- National Reference Center for Veterinary and Comparative Oncology-Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria, and Valle d'Aosta, Torino, Italy
| | - Emanuela Morello
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Buracco
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Aresu
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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34
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Mestrinho LA, Santos RR. Translational oncotargets for immunotherapy: From pet dogs to humans. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 172:296-313. [PMID: 33705879 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical studies in rodent models have been a pivotal role in human clinical research, but many of them fail in the translational process. Spontaneous tumors in pet dogs have the potential to bridge the gap between preclinical models and human clinical trials. Their natural occurrence in an immunocompetent system overcome the limitations of preclinical rodent models. Due to its reasonable cellular, molecular, and genetic homology to humans, the pet dog represents a valuable model to accelerate the translation of preclinical studies to clinical trials in humans, actually with benefits for both species. Moreover, their unique genetic features of breeding and breed-related mutations have contributed to assess and optimize therapeutics in individuals with different genetic backgrounds. This review aims to outline four main immunotherapy approaches - cancer vaccines, adaptive T-cell transfer, antibodies, and cytokines -, under research in veterinary medicine and how they can serve the clinical application crosstalk with humans.
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35
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Rao H, Li X, Liu M, Liu J, Feng W, Tang H, Xu J, Gao WQ, Li L. Multilevel Regulation of β-Catenin Activity by SETD2 Suppresses the Transition from Polycystic Kidney Disease to Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Res 2021; 81:3554-3567. [PMID: 33910928 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Patients with polycystic kidney disease (PKD) are at a high risk of developing renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, little is known about genetic alterations or changes in signaling pathways during the transition from PKD to RCC. SET domain-containing 2 (SETD2) is a histone methyltransferase, which catalyzes tri-methylation of H3K36 (H3K36me3) and has been identified as a tumor suppressor in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), but the underlying mechanism remains largely unexplored. Here we report that knockout of SETD2 in a c-MYC-driven PKD mouse model drove the transition to ccRCC. SETD2 inhibited β-catenin activity at transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels by competing with β-catenin for binding promoters of target genes and maintaining transcript levels of members of the β-catenin destruction complex. Thus, SETD2 deficiency enhanced the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and tumorigenesis through the hyperactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Our findings reveal previously unrecognized roles of SETD2-mediated competitive DNA binding and H3K36me3 modification in regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling during the transition from PKD to ccRCC. The novel autochthonous mouse models of PKD and ccRCC will be useful for preclinical research into disease progression. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings characterize multiple mechanisms by which SETD2 inhibits β-catenin activity during the transition of polycystic kidney disease to renal cell carcinoma, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for high-risk patients. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/81/13/3554/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huayuan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jin Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. ; .,School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. ; .,School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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36
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Edmunds GL, Smalley MJ, Beck S, Errington RJ, Gould S, Winter H, Brodbelt DC, O'Neill DG. Dog breeds and body conformations with predisposition to osteosarcoma in the UK: a case-control study. Canine Med Genet 2021; 8:2. [PMID: 33750475 PMCID: PMC7944903 DOI: 10.1186/s40575-021-00100-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is an aggressive and painful bone neoplasm in dogs. Previous studies have reported epidemiological associations suggesting that large body mass, long bone length and the genetics of certain breeds including the Rottweiler are associated with elevated osteosarcoma risk. However, these studies were often limited by selection bias and confounding factors, and have rarely offered insights into breed-associated protection for osteosarcoma. The current study includes 1756 appendicular and axial osteosarcoma cases presenting to VPG Histology (Bristol, UK) compared against a control population of 905,211 dogs without osteosarcoma from primary care electronic patient records in the VetCompass™ dataset. Methods and study design Retrospective, case-control study. Multivariable logistic regression analysis explored associations between demographic risk factors (including breed, chondrodystrophy, age, sex/neuter status, skull-shape, and body mass) and osteosarcoma of all anatomical sites. Results We identified several breeds with increased and reduced odds of osteosarcoma. At highest risk were the Rottweiler and Great Dane, with > 10 times the odds of osteosarcoma compared with crossbreds, and the Rhodesian Ridgeback, which has not featured in previous lists of at-risk breeds for osteosarcoma, and had an odds ratio of 11.31 (95% confidence interval 7.37–17.35). Breeds at lowest risk of osteosarcoma (protected breeds) included the Bichon Frise, the French Bulldog and the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, all with odd ratios of less than 0.30 compared with crossbreds. Body mass was strongly associated with osteosarcoma risk; dogs over 40 kg exhibited osteosarcoma odds of 45.44 (95% confidence interval 33.74–61.20) compared with dogs less than 10 kg. Chondrodystrophic breeds had an osteosarcoma odds ratio of 0.13 (95% confidence interval 0.11–0.16) compared with non-chondrodystrophic breeds. Conclusions This study provides evidence of strong breed-associated osteosarcoma risk and protection, suggesting a genetic basis for osteosarcoma pathogenesis. It highlights that breeds selected for long legs/large body mass are generally overrepresented amongst at-risk breeds, whilst those selected for short leg length/small body mass are generally protected. These findings could inform genetic studies to identify osteosarcoma risk alleles in canines and humans; as well as increasing awareness amongst veterinarians and owners, resulting in improved breeding practices and clinical management of osteosarcoma in dogs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40575-021-00100-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace L Edmunds
- Bristol Veterinary School, Langford House, Langford, Bristol, BS40 5DU, UK.
| | - Matthew J Smalley
- European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute and School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Sam Beck
- VPG Histology (formerly Bridge), Horner Court, 637 Gloucester Road, Horfield, Bristol, BS7 0BJ, UK
| | - Rachel J Errington
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Academic Avenue, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF62 3LF, UK
| | - Sara Gould
- Langford Veterinary Services, Langford House Langford, Bristol, BS40 5DU, UK
| | | | - Dave C Brodbelt
- Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Dan G O'Neill
- Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts, AL9 7TA, UK
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Franceschini N, Verbruggen B, Tryfonidou MA, Kruisselbrink AB, Baelde H, de Visser KE, Szuhai K, Cleton-Jansen AM, Bovée JVMG. Transformed Canine and Murine Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Model for Sarcoma with Complex Genomics. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13051126. [PMID: 33807947 PMCID: PMC7961539 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Sarcomas are rare cancers of mesenchymal origin, the majority of which are characterized by many copy number alterations, amplifications, or deletions. Because of these complex genomics, it is notoriously difficult to identify driver events of malignant transformation. In this study, we show that murine and canine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used to model spontaneous malignant transformation towards sarcomas with complex genomics. We show that these MSCs have an abnormal karyotype, many structural variants, and point mutations at whole genome sequencing analysis, and form sarcomas after injection into mice. Our cross-species analysis reveals that p53 loss is an early event in sarcomagenesis, and it was shown that MSCs with a knock-out in Trp53 transform earlier compared to wild-type MSCs. Our study points to the importance of p53 loss in the transformation process towards sarcomas with complex genomics. Abstract Sarcomas are rare mesenchymal tumors with a broad histological spectrum, but they can be divided into two groups based on molecular pathology: sarcomas with simple or complex genomics. Tumors with complex genomics can have aneuploidy and copy number gains and losses, which hampers the detection of early, initiating events in tumorigenesis. Often, no benign precursors are known, which is why good models are essential. The mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) is the presumed cell of origin of sarcoma. In this study, MSCs of murine and canine origin are used as a model to identify driver events for sarcomas with complex genomic alterations as they transform spontaneously after long-term culture. All transformed murine but not canine MSCs formed sarcomas after subcutaneous injection in mice. Using whole genome sequencing, spontaneously transformed murine and canine MSCs displayed a complex karyotype with aneuploidy, point mutations, structural variants, inter-chromosomal translocations, and copy number gains and losses. Cross-species analysis revealed that point mutations in Tp53/Trp53 are common in transformed murine and canine MSCs. Murine MSCs with a cre-recombinase induced deletion of exon 2–10 of Trp53 transformed earlier compared to wild-type murine MSCs, confirming the contribution of loss of p53 to spontaneous transformation. Our comparative approach using transformed murine and canine MSCs points to a crucial role for p53 loss in the formation of sarcomas with complex genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasja Franceschini
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (N.F.); (B.V.); (A.B.K.); (H.B.); (A.-M.C.-J.)
| | - Bas Verbruggen
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (N.F.); (B.V.); (A.B.K.); (H.B.); (A.-M.C.-J.)
| | - Marianna A. Tryfonidou
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Alwine B. Kruisselbrink
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (N.F.); (B.V.); (A.B.K.); (H.B.); (A.-M.C.-J.)
| | - Hans Baelde
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (N.F.); (B.V.); (A.B.K.); (H.B.); (A.-M.C.-J.)
| | - Karin E. de Visser
- Division of Tumour Biology & Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Oncode Institute, Office Jaarbeurs Innovation Mile (JIM), Jaarbeursplein 6, 3521 AL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Anne-Marie Cleton-Jansen
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (N.F.); (B.V.); (A.B.K.); (H.B.); (A.-M.C.-J.)
| | - Judith V. M. G. Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (N.F.); (B.V.); (A.B.K.); (H.B.); (A.-M.C.-J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-715266622
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Koh H, Sun HN, Xing Z, Liu R, Chandimali N, Kwon T, Lee DS. Wogonin Influences Osteosarcoma Stem Cell Stemness Through ROS-dependent Signaling. In Vivo 2021; 34:1077-1084. [PMID: 32354895 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Backgorund/Aim: Wogonin, a flavonoid-like compound extracted from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has been shown to have anticancer effects against cancer cells. Osteosarcoma is the most malignant type of bone cancer and can appear in any bone, with a high propensity for relapse and metastasis. The present study aimed to assess the anticancer effects of wogonin on osteosarcoma stem cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytotoxic effects of wogonin on CD133+ Cal72 osteosarcoma stem cells were assessed through in vitro experiments by MTT assay, transwell assay, sphere-formation assay, flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry and western blotting. RESULTS Wogonin suppressed stem cell characteristics and the expression of stem cell-related genes by regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and ROS-related signaling of CD133+ Cal72 cells, effects which were reversed by ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine. CONCLUSION Wogonin may be a promising candidate for successful clinical management of osteosarcoma by regulating ROS-related mechanisms and stem cell-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyebin Koh
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hu-Nan Sun
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Xing
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ren Liu
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Nisansala Chandimali
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Kwon
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Sun Lee
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea .,Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Practical Translational Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
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39
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Chu S, Skidmore ZL, Kunisaki J, Walker JR, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Bryan JN. Unraveling the chaotic genomic landscape of primary and metastatic canine appendicular osteosarcoma with current sequencing technologies and bioinformatic approaches. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246443. [PMID: 33556121 PMCID: PMC7870011 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a rare disease in children but is one of the most common cancers in adult large breed dogs. The mutational landscape of both the primary and pulmonary metastatic tumor in two dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma (OSA) was comprehensively evaluated using an automated whole genome sequencing, exome and RNA-seq pipeline that was adapted for this study for use in dogs. Chromosomal lesions were the most common type of mutation. The mutational landscape varied substantially between dogs but the lesions within the same patient were similar. Copy number neutral loss of heterozygosity in mutant TP53 was the most significant driver mutation and involved a large region in the middle of chromosome 5. Canine and human OSA is characterized by loss of cell cycle checkpoint integrity and DNA damage response pathways. Mutational profiling of individual patients with canine OSA would be recommended prior to targeted therapy, given the heterogeneity seen in our study and previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Chu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Zachary L. Skidmore
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Jason Kunisaki
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Jason R. Walker
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Malachi Griffith
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Obi L. Griffith
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey N. Bryan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America
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Ayers J, Milner RJ, Cortés-Hinojosa G, Riva A, Bechtel S, Sahay B, Cascio M, Lejeune A, Shiomitsu K, Souza C, Hernandez O, Salute M. Novel application of single-cell next-generation sequencing for determination of intratumoral heterogeneity of canine osteosarcoma cell lines. J Vet Diagn Invest 2021; 33:261-278. [PMID: 33446089 PMCID: PMC7944434 DOI: 10.1177/1040638720985242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OSA) is a highly aggressive and metastatic neoplasm of both the canine and human patient and is the leading form of osseous neoplasia in both species worldwide. To gain deeper insight into the heterogeneous and genetically chaotic nature of OSA, we applied single-cell transcriptome (scRNA-seq) analysis to 4 canine OSA cell lines. This novel application of scRNA-seq technology to the canine genome required uploading the CanFam3.1 reference genome into an analysis pipeline (10X Genomics Cell Ranger); this methodology has not been reported previously in the canine species, to our knowledge. The scRNA-seq outputs were validated by comparing them to cDNA expression from reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and Sanger sequencing bulk analysis of 4 canine OSA cell lines (COS31, DOUG, POS, and HMPOS) for 11 genes implicated in the pathogenesis of canine OSA. The scRNA-seq outputs revealed the significant heterogeneity of gene transcription expression patterns within the cell lines investigated (COS31 and DOUG). The scRNA-seq data showed 10 distinct clusters of similarly shared transcriptomic expression patterns in COS31; 12 clusters were identified in DOUG. In addition, cRNA-seq analysis provided data for integration into the Qiagen Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software for canonical pathway analysis. Of the 81 distinct pathways identified within the clusters, 33 had been implicated in the pathogenesis of OSA, of which 18 had not been reported previously in canine OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Ayers
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Rowan J Milner
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | | | - Alberto Riva
- ICBR Bioinformatics Core, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Sandra Bechtel
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Bikash Sahay
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Matthew Cascio
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine
| | - Amandine Lejeune
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Keijiro Shiomitsu
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Carlos Souza
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Oscar Hernandez
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Marc Salute
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine
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Miao Y, Liu G, Liu L. Histone methyltransferase SUV39H2 regulates LSD1-dependent CDH1 expression and promotes epithelial mesenchymal transition of osteosarcoma. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:2. [PMID: 33397384 PMCID: PMC7784292 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant tumor characterized by the direct production of bone or osteoid tissues by proliferating tumor cells. Suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 2 (SUV39H2) is implicated in the occurrence of OS. Therefore, we designed this study to investigate effects of SUV39H2 in OS meditated by the lysine specific demethylase-1/E-cadherin (LSD1/CDH1) axis. METHODS Clinical OS tissues and paracancerous tissues were collected for analysis of SUV39H2, LSD1 and CDH1 expression, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was applied to test the relationship between SUV39H2 expression and overall survival. Loss- and gain-of-function assays were conducted to determine the roles of SUV39H2, LSD1 and CDH1 in OS epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migration in OS cells, with quantitation of relevant proteins by immunofluorescence. We confirmed the effects of modulating the SUV39H2/CDH1 axis in a mouse OS tumor model. RESULTS SUV39H2 and LSD1 were highly expressed, while CDH1 was downregulated in OS tissues and cells. SUV39H2 expression correlated inversely with overall survival of patients with OS. SUV39H2 positively regulated LSD1 expression, while LSD1 negatively regulated CDH1 expression. SUV39H2 or LSD1 overexpression, or CDH1 silencing promoted migration and EMT, as indicated by reduced E-cadherin and dramatically upregulated Vimentin and N-cadherin of OS cells. SUV39H2 expedited the progression of OS, which was reversed by CDH1 repression in the setting of OS in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results demonstrate highly expressed SUV39H2 in OS elevates the expression of LSD1 to downregulate CDH1 expression, thereby aggravating OS, providing a potential therapeutic target for treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033 People’s Republic of China
| | - Guifeng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033 Jilin People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033 Jilin People’s Republic of China
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Abstract
Comparative oncology clinical trials play an important and growing role in cancer research and drug development efforts. These trials, typically conducted in companion (pet) dogs, allow assessment of novel anticancer agents and combination therapies in a veterinary clinical setting that supports serial biologic sample collections and exploration of dose, schedule and corresponding pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships. Further, an intact immune system and natural co-evolution of tumour and microenvironment support exploration of novel immunotherapeutic strategies. Substantial improvements in our collective understanding of the molecular landscape of canine cancers have occurred in the past 10 years, facilitating translational research and supporting the inclusion of comparative studies in drug development. The value of the approach is demonstrated in various clinical trial settings, including single-agent or combination response rates, inhibition of metastatic progression and randomized comparison of multiple agents in a head-to-head fashion. Such comparative oncology studies have been purposefully included in the developmental plan for several US FDA-approved and up-and-coming anticancer drugs. Challenges for this field include keeping pace with technology and data dissemination/harmonization, improving annotation of the canine genome and immune system, and generation of canine-specific validated reagents to support integration of correlative biology within clinical trial efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy K LeBlanc
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Christina N Mazcko
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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43
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Zhou Y, Zheng X, Xu B, Deng H, Chen L, Jiang J. Histone methyltransferase SETD2 inhibits tumor growth via suppressing CXCL1-mediated activation of cell cycle in lung adenocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:25189-25206. [PMID: 33223508 PMCID: PMC7803529 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The histone H3 lysine 36 methyltransferase SET-domain-containing 2 (SETD2) has been reported to be frequently mutated or deleted in many types of human cancer. However, the role of SETD2 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has not been well documented. In the present study, we found that SETD2 was significantly down-regulated both in LUAD tissues and cell lines. Functionally, the increased expression of SETD2 significantly attenuated the proliferation of cancer cells by affecting the cell cycle, whereas SETD2 deficiency dramatically improved these proliferative abilities of cancer cells. Through conjoint analysis of RNA-seq and ChIP data, we identified a functional target gene of SETD2, CXCL1, and its expression was negatively correlated with that of SETD2. Moreover, SETD2 deletion stimulated cell cycle-related proteins to promote LUAD. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that histone H3 lysine 36 trimethylation (H3K36me3) catalyzed by SETD2 interacted with the promoter of CXCL1 to regulate its transcription and downstream signaling pathways, contributing to tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Our findings suggested that SETD2 inhibited tumor growth via suppressing CXCL1-mediated activation of cell cycle, indicating that the regulation of H3K36me3 level by targeting SETD2 and/or the administration of downstream CXCL1 might represent a potential therapeutic way for new treatment in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zhou
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou 213003, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou 213003, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou 213003, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Haifeng Deng
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou 213003, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Lujun Chen
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou 213003, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Jingting Jiang
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou 213003, China.,Institute of Cell Therapy, Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
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44
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Xavier PLP, Müller S, Fukumasu H. Epigenetic Mechanisms in Canine Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:591843. [PMID: 33194754 PMCID: PMC7646326 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.591843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A plethora of data has highlighted the role of epigenetics in the development of cancer. Initiation and progression of different cancer types are associated with a variety of changes of epigenetic mechanisms, including aberrant DNA methylation, histone modifications, and miRNA expression. At the same time, advances in the available epigenetic tools allow to investigate and reverse these epigenetic changes and form the basis for the development of anticancer drugs in human oncology. Although human and canine cancer shares several common features, only recently that studies emerged investigating the epigenetic landscape in canine cancer and applying epigenetic modulators to canine cancer. This review focuses on the existing studies involving epigenetic changes in different types of canine cancer and the use of small-molecule inhibitors in canine cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Luiz Porfirio Xavier
- Laboratory of Comparative and Translational Oncology (LOCT), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Susanne Müller
- Structural Genomics Consortium and Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Heidge Fukumasu
- Laboratory of Comparative and Translational Oncology (LOCT), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
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45
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Letko A, Minor KM, Jagannathan V, Seefried FR, Mickelson JR, Oliehoek P, Drögemüller C. Genomic diversity and population structure of the Leonberger dog breed. Genet Sel Evol 2020; 52:61. [PMID: 33054768 PMCID: PMC7557023 DOI: 10.1186/s12711-020-00581-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leonberger is a giant dog breed formed in the 1850s in Germany. Its post-World War II popularity has resulted in a current global population of ~ 30,000 dogs. The breed has predispositions to neurodegenerative disorders and cancer, which is likely due in large part to limited genetic diversity. However, to date there is no scientific literature on the overall demography and genomic architecture of this breed. RESULTS We assessed extensive pedigree records, SNP array genotype data, and whole-genome sequences (WGS) on 142,072, 1203 and 39 Leonberger dogs, respectively. Pedigree analyses identified 22 founder animals and revealed an apparent popular sire effect. The average pedigree-based inbreeding coefficient of 0.29 and average kinship of 0.31 show a dramatic loss of genetic diversity. The observed average life span decreased over time from 9.4 years in 1989 to 7.7 years in 2004. A global health survey confirmed a high prevalence of cancer and neurological disorders. Analysis of SNP-based runs of homozygosity (ROH) identified 125,653 ROH with an average length of 5.88 Mb, and confirmed an average inbreeding coefficient of 0.28. Genome-wide filtering of the WGS data revealed 28 non-protein-changing variants that were present in all Leonberger individuals and a list of 22 potentially pathogenic variants for neurological disorders of which 50% occurred only in Leonbergers and 50% occurred rarely in other breeds. Furthermore, one of the two mtDNA haplogroups detected was present in one dog only. CONCLUSIONS The increasing size of the Leonberger population has been accompanied by a considerable loss of genetic diversity after the bottleneck that occurred in the 1940s due to the intensive use of popular sires resulting in high levels of inbreeding. This might explain the high prevalence of certain disorders; however, genomic data provide no evidence for fixed coding variants that explain these predispositions. The list of candidate causative variants for polyneuropathy needs to be further evaluated. Preserving the current genetic diversity is possible by increasing the number of individuals for breeding while restricting the number of litters per sire/dam. In addition, outcrossing would help optimize long-term genetic diversity and contribute to the sustainability and health of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Letko
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katie M. Minor
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108 USA
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - James R. Mickelson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108 USA
| | | | - Cord Drögemüller
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Whole genome sequencing analysis of high confidence variants of B-cell lymphoma in Canis familiaris. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238183. [PMID: 32857815 PMCID: PMC7454977 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphoma (lymphosarcoma) is the second most frequent cancer in dogs and is clinically comparable to human non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Factors affecting canine lymphoma progression are unknown and complex, but there is evidence that genetic mutations play an important role. We employed Next Gen DNA sequencing of six dogs with multicentric B-cell lymphoma undergoing CHOP chemotherapy to identify genetic variations potentially impacting response. Paired samples from non-neoplastic tissue (blood mononuclear cells) and lymphoma were collected at the time of diagnosis. Cases with progression free survival above the median of 231 days were grouped as 'good' responders and cases below the median were categorized as 'poor' responders. The average number of variants found was 17,138 per case. The variants were filtered to examine those with predicted moderate or high impacts. Many of the genes with variants had human orthologs with links to cancer, but the majority of variants were not previously reported in canine or human lymphoma. Seven genes had variants found in the cancers of at least two 'poor' responders but in no 'good' responders: ATRNL1, BAIAP2L2, ZNF384, ST6GALNAC5, ENSCAFG00000030179 (human ortholog: riboflavin kinase RFK), ENSCAFG00000029320, and ENSCAFG00000007370 (human ortholog: immunoglobin IGKV4-1). Two genes had variants found in the cancers of at least two 'good' responders but in no 'poor' responders: COX18 and ENSCAFG00000030512. ENSCAFG00000030512 has no reported orthologue in any other species. The role of these mutations in the progression of canine lymphoma requires further functional analyses and larger scale study.
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Amin SB, Anderson KJ, Boudreau CE, Martinez-Ledesma E, Kocakavuk E, Johnson KC, Barthel FP, Varn FS, Kassab C, Ling X, Kim H, Barter M, Lau CC, Ngan CY, Chapman M, Koehler JW, Long JP, Miller AD, Miller CR, Porter BF, Rissi DR, Mazcko C, LeBlanc AK, Dickinson PJ, Packer RA, Taylor AR, Rossmeisl JH, Woolard KD, Heimberger AB, Levine JM, Verhaak RGW. Comparative Molecular Life History of Spontaneous Canine and Human Gliomas. Cancer Cell 2020; 37:243-257.e7. [PMID: 32049048 PMCID: PMC7132629 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Sporadic gliomas in companion dogs provide a window on the interaction between tumorigenic mechanisms and host environment. We compared the molecular profiles of canine gliomas with those of human pediatric and adult gliomas to characterize evolutionarily conserved mammalian mutational processes in gliomagenesis. Employing whole-genome, exome, transcriptome, and methylation sequencing of 83 canine gliomas, we found alterations shared between canine and human gliomas such as the receptor tyrosine kinases, TP53 and cell-cycle pathways, and IDH1 R132. Canine gliomas showed high similarity with human pediatric gliomas per robust aneuploidy, mutational rates, relative timing of mutations, and DNA-methylation patterns. Our cross-species comparative genomic analysis provides unique insights into glioma etiology and the chronology of glioma-causing somatic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samirkumar B Amin
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Kevin J Anderson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - C Elizabeth Boudreau
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Emmanuel Martinez-Ledesma
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Avenue Morones Prieto 3000, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64710, Mexico; Department of Neuro-Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Emre Kocakavuk
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; DKFZ Division of Translational Neurooncology at the West German Cancer Center (WTZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site & Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Kevin C Johnson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Floris P Barthel
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Frederick S Varn
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Cynthia Kassab
- Department of Neurosurgery, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Ling
- Department of Neurosurgery, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hoon Kim
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Mary Barter
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Ching C Lau
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, CT 06106, USA; University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Chew Yee Ngan
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Margaret Chapman
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Jennifer W Koehler
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - James P Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Biostatistics, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew D Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - C Ryan Miller
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Neurology, and Pharmacology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brian F Porter
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Daniel R Rissi
- Department of Pathology and Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Christina Mazcko
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amy K LeBlanc
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter J Dickinson
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca A Packer
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Amanda R Taylor
- Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, USA
| | | | - Kevin D Woolard
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Amy B Heimberger
- Department of Neurosurgery, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jonathan M Levine
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Roel G W Verhaak
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA.
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Somarelli JA, Boddy AM, Gardner HL, DeWitt SB, Tuohy J, Megquier K, Sheth MU, Hsu SD, Thorne JL, London CA, Eward WC. Improving Cancer Drug Discovery by Studying Cancer across the Tree of Life. Mol Biol Evol 2020; 37:11-17. [PMID: 31688937 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msz254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite a considerable expenditure of time and resources and significant advances in experimental models of disease, cancer research continues to suffer from extremely low success rates in translating preclinical discoveries into clinical practice. The continued failure of cancer drug development, particularly late in the course of human testing, not only impacts patient outcomes, but also drives up the cost for those therapies that do succeed. It is clear that a paradigm shift is necessary if improvements in this process are to occur. One promising direction for increasing translational success is comparative oncology-the study of cancer across species, often involving veterinary patients that develop naturally-occurring cancers. Comparative oncology leverages the power of cross-species analyses to understand the fundamental drivers of cancer protective mechanisms, as well as factors contributing to cancer initiation and progression. Clinical trials in veterinary patients with cancer provide an opportunity to evaluate novel therapeutics in a setting that recapitulates many of the key features of human cancers, including genomic aberrations that underly tumor development, response and resistance to treatment, and the presence of comorbidities that can affect outcomes. With a concerted effort from basic scientists, human physicians and veterinarians, comparative oncology has the potential to enhance the cost-effectiveness and efficiency of pipelines for cancer drug discovery and other cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Somarelli
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.,Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC
| | - Amy M Boddy
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA
| | - Heather L Gardner
- Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | | | - Joanne Tuohy
- Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Kate Megquier
- Broad Institute, Massachussettes Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Maya U Sheth
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.,Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC
| | - Shiaowen David Hsu
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.,Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC
| | - Jeffrey L Thorne
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.,Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Cheryl A London
- Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - William C Eward
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC.,Department of Orthopaedics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
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Somarelli JA, Gardner H, Cannataro VL, Gunady EF, Boddy AM, Johnson NA, Fisk JN, Gaffney SG, Chuang JH, Li S, Ciccarelli FD, Panchenko AR, Megquier K, Kumar S, Dornburg A, DeGregori J, Townsend JP. Molecular Biology and Evolution of Cancer: From Discovery to Action. Mol Biol Evol 2020; 37:320-326. [PMID: 31642480 PMCID: PMC6993850 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msz242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer progression is an evolutionary process. During this process, evolving cancer cell populations encounter restrictive ecological niches within the body, such as the primary tumor, circulatory system, and diverse metastatic sites. Efforts to prevent or delay cancer evolution-and progression-require a deep understanding of the underlying molecular evolutionary processes. Herein we discuss a suite of concepts and tools from evolutionary and ecological theory that can inform cancer biology in new and meaningful ways. We also highlight current challenges to applying these concepts, and propose ways in which incorporating these concepts could identify new therapeutic modes and vulnerabilities in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Somarelli
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Heather Gardner
- Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Medford, MA
| | | | - Ella F Gunady
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Amy M Boddy
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA
| | | | | | - Stephen G Gaffney
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Sheng Li
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - Francesca D Ciccarelli
- Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
- King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna R Panchenko
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Ontario Institute of Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kate Megquier
- Broad Institute, Massachusettes Institute of Technology and Harvard University
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Institute for Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine, and Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Alex Dornburg
- North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, NC
| | - James DeGregori
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Jeffrey P Townsend
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT
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50
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Nolan MW, Kent MS, Boss MK. Emerging Translational Opportunities in Comparative Oncology With Companion Canine Cancers: Radiation Oncology. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1291. [PMID: 31824863 PMCID: PMC6883487 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It is estimated that more than 6 million pet dogs are diagnosed with cancer annually in the USA. Both primary care and specialist veterinarians are frequently called upon to provide clinical care that improves the quality and/or quantity of life for affected animals. Because these cancers develop spontaneously in animals that often share the same environment as their owners, have intact immune systems and are of similar size to humans, and because the diagnostic tests and treatments for these cancers are similar to those used for management of human cancers, canine cancer provides an opportunity for research that simultaneously helps improve both canine and human health care. This is especially true in the field of radiation oncology, for which there is a rich and continually evolving history of learning from the careful study of pet dogs undergoing various forms of radiotherapy. The purpose of this review article is to inform readers of the potential utility and limitations of using dogs in that manner; the peer-reviewed literature will be critically reviewed, and current research efforts will be discussed. The article concludes with a look toward promising future directions and applications of this pet dog “model.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Nolan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Michael S Kent
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Mary-Keara Boss
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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