1
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He T, Xiao L, Qiao Y, Klingbeil O, Young E, Wu XS, Mannan R, Mahapatra S, Redin E, Cho H, Bao Y, Kandarpa M, Ching-Yi Tien J, Wang X, Eyunni S, Zheng Y, Kim N, Zheng H, Hou S, Su F, Miner SJ, Mehra R, Cao X, Abbineni C, Samajdar S, Ramachandra M, Dhanasekaran SM, Talpaz M, Parolia A, Rudin CM, Vakoc CR, Chinnaiyan AM. Targeting the mSWI/SNF complex in POU2F-POU2AF transcription factor-driven malignancies. Cancer Cell 2024; 42:1336-1351.e9. [PMID: 39029462 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2024.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
The POU2F3-POU2AF2/3 transcription factor complex is the master regulator of the tuft cell lineage and tuft cell-like small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Here, we identify a specific dependence of the POU2F3 molecular subtype of SCLC (SCLC-P) on the activity of the mammalian switch/sucrose non-fermentable (mSWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complex. Treatment of SCLC-P cells with a proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) degrader of mSWI/SNF ATPases evicts POU2F3 and its coactivators from chromatin and attenuates downstream signaling. B cell malignancies which are dependent on the POU2F1/2 cofactor, POU2AF1, are also sensitive to mSWI/SNF ATPase degraders, with treatment leading to chromatin eviction of POU2AF1 and IRF4 and decreased IRF4 signaling in multiple myeloma cells. An orally bioavailable mSWI/SNF ATPase degrader significantly inhibits tumor growth in preclinical models of SCLC-P and multiple myeloma without signs of toxicity. This study suggests that POU2F-POU2AF-driven malignancies have an intrinsic dependence on the mSWI/SNF complex, representing a therapeutic vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongchen He
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Lanbo Xiao
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Yuanyuan Qiao
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Olaf Klingbeil
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Eleanor Young
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xiaoli S Wu
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Rahul Mannan
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Somnath Mahapatra
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Esther Redin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hanbyul Cho
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yi Bao
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Malathi Kandarpa
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jean Ching-Yi Tien
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xiaoju Wang
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sanjana Eyunni
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yang Zheng
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - NamHoon Kim
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Heng Zheng
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Siyu Hou
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Fengyun Su
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Stephanie J Miner
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rohit Mehra
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xuhong Cao
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | | | | | - Saravana M Dhanasekaran
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Moshe Talpaz
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Abhijit Parolia
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Weill Cornell Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Sciences, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Arul M Chinnaiyan
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Aumann WK, Kazi R, Harrington AM, Wechsler DS. Novel-and Not So Novel-Inhibitors of the Multifunctional CRM1 Protein. Oncol Rev 2024; 18:1427497. [PMID: 39161560 PMCID: PMC11330842 DOI: 10.3389/or.2024.1427497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Chromosome Region Maintenance 1 (CRM1), also known as Exportin 1 (XPO1), is a protein that is critical for transport of proteins and RNA to the cytoplasm through the nuclear pore complex. CRM1 inhibition with small molecule inhibitors is currently being studied in many cancers, including leukemias, solid organ malignancies and brain tumors. We review the structure of CRM1, its role in nuclear export, the current availability of CRM1 inhibitors, and the role of CRM1 in a number of distinct cellular processes. A deeper understanding of how CRM1 functions in nuclear export as well as other cellular processes may allow for the development of additional novel CRM1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waitman K. Aumann
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Rafi Kazi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Amanda M. Harrington
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Daniel S. Wechsler
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Wu Y, Gou Y, Wang T, Li P, Li Y, Lu X, Li W, Liu Z. Exportin XPO6 upregulation activates the TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB signaling by facilitating TLR2 mRNA nuclear export in COPD pulmonary monocytes. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 135:112310. [PMID: 38788453 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) poses a significant health threat characterized by lung inflammation primarily triggered by pulmonary monocytes. Despite the centrality of inflammation in COPD, the regulatory mechanisms governing this response remain elusive, presenting a challenge for anti-inflammatory interventions. In this study, we assessed the expression of exportins in COPD mouse models, revealing a notable upregulation of XPO6 in the mouse lung (P = 0.0011). Intriguingly, we observed a consistent upregulation of XPO6 in pulmonary monocytes from both human and mouse COPD subjects (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, in human lung tissue, XPO6 expression exhibited a positive correlation with TLR2 expression (P = 0). In vitro investigations demonstrated that XPO6 enhances TLR2 expression, activating the MyD88/NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway. This activation, in turn, promotes the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα, IL-6, and IL-1β in monocytes. Mechanistically, XPO6 facilitates the nuclear export of TLR2 mRNA, ensuring its stability and subsequent protein expression in monocytes. In conclusion, our findings unveil that the upregulation of XPO6 in COPD pulmonary monocytes activates the MyD88/NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway by facilitating the nuclear export of TLR2 mRNA, thereby identifying XPO6 as a promising therapeutic target for anti-inflammatory interventions in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong, China; Graduate School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yanni Gou
- Graduate School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Graduate School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong, China
| | - Xing Lu
- Graduate School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Weifeng Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhifeng Liu
- Department of Medicine Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Branch Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Chinese PLA General Hospital), Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong, China.
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Liu Y, Yang R, Feng H, Du Y, Yang B, Zhang M, He P, Ma B, Niu F. Adverse events reporting of XPO1 inhibitor - selinexor: a real-word analysis from FAERS database. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12231. [PMID: 38806549 PMCID: PMC11133441 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62852-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
As the world's first oral nuclear export inhibitor, selinexor is increasingly being used in clinical applications for malignant tumors. However, there is no extensive exploration on selinexor's adverse events (ADEs), necessitating a real-word assessment of its clinical medication safety. FAERS data (July 2019-June 2023) were searched for selinexor ADE reports across all indications. Use the system organ class (SOC) and preferred terms (PT) from the medical dictionary for regulatory activities (MedDRA) to describe, categorize, and statistic ADEs. Disproportionality analysis was employed through calculation of reporting odds ratio (ROR) and proportional reporting ratio (PRR). Based on total of 4392 selinexor related ADE reports as the primary suspect (PS), of which 2595 instances were severe outcomes. The predominant ADEs included gastrointestinal disorders, myelosuppression symptoms, and various nonspecific manifestations. 124 signals associated with selinexor ADE were detected, and 10 of these top 15 signals were not included into the instructions. Our study provides real-world evidence regarding the drug safety of selinexor, which is crucial for clinicians to safeguard patients' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Runyu Yang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Feng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yue Du
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bingyu Yang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengyao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengcheng He
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Bohan Ma
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, No.127 Friendship West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Fan Niu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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Lai C, Xu L, Dai S. The nuclear export protein exportin-1 in solid malignant tumours: From biology to clinical trials. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1684. [PMID: 38783482 PMCID: PMC11116501 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exportin-1 (XPO1), a crucial protein regulating nuclear-cytoplasmic transport, is frequently overexpressed in various cancers, driving tumor progression and drug resistance. This makes XPO1 an attractive therapeutic target. Over the past few decades, the number of available nuclear export-selective inhibitors has been increasing. Only KPT-330 (selinexor) has been successfully used for treating haematological malignancies, and KPT-8602 (eltanexor) has been used for treating haematologic tumours in clinical trials. However, the use of nuclear export-selective inhibitors for the inhibition of XPO1 expression has yet to be thoroughly investigated in clinical studies and therapeutic outcomes for solid tumours. METHODS We collected numerous literatures to explain the efficacy of XPO1 Inhibitors in preclinical and clinical studies of a wide range of solid tumours. RESULTS In this review, we focus on the nuclear export function of XPO1 and results from clinical trials of its inhibitors in solid malignant tumours. We summarized the mechanism of action and therapeutic potential of XPO1 inhibitors, as well as adverse effects and response biomarkers. CONCLUSION XPO1 inhibition has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in the fight against cancer, offering a novel approach to targeting tumorigenic processes and overcoming drug resistance. SINE compounds have demonstrated efficacy in a wide range of solid tumours, and ongoing research is focused on optimizing their use, identifying response biomarkers, and developing effective combination therapies. KEY POINTS Exportin-1 (XPO1) plays a critical role in mediating nucleocytoplasmic transport and cell cycle. XPO1 dysfunction promotes tumourigenesis and drug resistance within solid tumours. The therapeutic potential and ongoing researches on XPO1 inhibitors in the treatment of solid tumours. Additional researches are essential to address safety concerns and identify biomarkers for predicting patient response to XPO1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxi Lai
- Department of Colorectal SurgerySir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouChina
| | - Lingna Xu
- Department of Colorectal SurgerySir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouChina
| | - Sheng Dai
- Department of Colorectal SurgerySir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouChina
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Quintero-Ruiz N, Oliveira WDL, Esteca MV, Granato DC, Simabuco FM. Uncovering the bookshelves of CRISPR-based libraries: Advances and applications in cancer studies. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 196:104287. [PMID: 38342473 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The advent of CRISPR/Cas9 technology has revolutionized the genome editing field. CRISPR-based libraries have become powerful tools for high-throughput functional genomics and genetic screening. CRISPR-based libraries can represent a powerful approach to uncovering genes related to chemoresistance and therapy efficacy and to studying cancer cells' fitness. In this review, we conducted an extensive literature search and summarized multiple studies that utilized these libraries in both in vitro and in vivo research, emphasizing their key findings. We provide an overview of the design, construction, and applications of CRISPR-based libraries in different cancer-focused studies and discuss the different types of CRISPR-based libraries. We finally point out the challenges associated with library design, including guide RNA selection, off-target effects, and library complexity. This review provides an overview of the work conducted with CRISPR libraries in the search for new targets that could potentially assist in cancer therapy by contributing to functional approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Quintero-Ruiz
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, SP 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Wesley de Lima Oliveira
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, SP 13484-350, Brazil; Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (LNBio), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa Em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinicius Esteca
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, SP 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Daniela Campos Granato
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (LNBio), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa Em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Moreira Simabuco
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, SP 13484-350, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 04044-020, Brazil.
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Chen Q, Qi Y, Zhang X. The XPO1 inhibitor selinexor ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice via GBP5/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111734. [PMID: 38422768 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is an irreversible and progressive lung disease with limited treatments available. Selinexor (Sel), an orally available, small-molecule, selective inhibitor of XPO1, exhibits notable antitumor, anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities. However, its potential role in treating pulmonary fibrosis is unknown. C57BL/6J mice were used to establish a pulmonary fibrosis model by intratracheal administration of bleomycin (BLM). Subsequently, Sel was administered intraperitoneally. Our data demonstrated that Sel administration ameliorated BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis by increasing mouse body weights; reducing H&E staining, Masson staining scores, and shadows in mouse lung computed tomography (CT) images, decreasing the total cell and neutrophil counts in the lung and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF); and decreasing the levels of TGF-β1. We next confirmed that Sel reduced the deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in the lungs of BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis mice. We showed that collagen I, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and hydroxyproline levels and the mRNA levels of Col1a1, Eln, Fn1, Ctgf, and Fgf2 were reduced. Mechanistically, tandem mass tags (TMT)- based quantitative proteomics analysis revealed a significant increase in GBP5 in the lungs of BLM mice but a decrease in that of BLM + Sel mice; this phenomenon was confirmed by western blotting and RT-qPCR. NLRP3 inflammasome signaling was significantly enriched in both the BLM group and BLM + Sel group based on GO and KEGG analyses of differentially expressed proteins between the groups. Furthermore, Sel reduced the expression of NLRP3, cleaved caspase 1, and ASC in vivo and in vitro, and decreased the levels of IL-1β, IL-18, and IFN-r in lung tissue and BALF. SiRNA-GBP5 inhibited NLRP3 signaling in vitro, and overexpression of GBP5 inhibited the protective effect of Sel against BLM-induced cellular injury. Taken together, our findings indicate that Sel ameliorates BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis by targeting GBP5 via NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Thus, the XPO1 inhibitor - Sel might be a potential therapeutic agent for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 450003 Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yihua Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 450003 Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Xinxiang Medical University, 453003 Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Henan University People's Hospital, 450003 Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yong Qi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 450003 Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Henan University People's Hospital, 450003 Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Xiaoju Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 450003 Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Xinxiang Medical University, 453003 Xinxiang, Henan, China.
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Solta A, Ernhofer B, Boettiger K, Megyesfalvi Z, Heeke S, Hoda MA, Lang C, Aigner C, Hirsch FR, Schelch K, Döme B. Small cells - big issues: biological implications and preclinical advancements in small cell lung cancer. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:41. [PMID: 38395864 PMCID: PMC10893629 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-01953-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Current treatment guidelines refer to small cell lung cancer (SCLC), one of the deadliest human malignancies, as a homogeneous disease. Accordingly, SCLC therapy comprises chemoradiation with or without immunotherapy. Meanwhile, recent studies have made significant advances in subclassifying SCLC based on the elevated expression of the transcription factors ASCL1, NEUROD1, and POU2F3, as well as on certain inflammatory characteristics. The role of the transcription regulator YAP1 in defining a unique SCLC subset remains to be established. Although preclinical analyses have described numerous subtype-specific characteristics and vulnerabilities, the so far non-existing clinical subtype distinction may be a contributor to negative clinical trial outcomes. This comprehensive review aims to provide a framework for the development of novel personalized therapeutic approaches by compiling the most recent discoveries achieved by preclinical SCLC research. We highlight the challenges faced due to limited access to patient material as well as the advances accomplished by implementing state-of-the-art models and methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Solta
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Büsra Ernhofer
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristiina Boettiger
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Simon Heeke
- Department of Thoracic Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mir Alireza Hoda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Lang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Aigner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fred R Hirsch
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Center for Thoracic Oncology, Mount Sinai Health System, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Karin Schelch
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Balazs Döme
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Miyahira AK, Soule HR. The 29th Annual Prostate Cancer Foundation Scientific Retreat Report. Prostate 2024; 84:113-130. [PMID: 37915138 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 29th Annual Prostate Cancer Foundation (PCF) Scientific Retreat was held from October 27 to 29, 2022, at the Omni La Costa Resort in Carlsbad, CA. This was the first-ever hybrid PCF Retreat. METHODS The Annual PCF Scientific Retreat is a prominent international scientific gathering centered on groundbreaking, unpublished, and influential studies in basic, translational, and clinical prostate cancer research. It also covers research from related fields with a strong potential for influencing prostate cancer research and patient care. RESULTS Key areas of research that were focused on at the 2022 PCF Retreat included: (i) the contributions of molecular and genomic factors to prostate cancer disparities; (ii) novel clinical trial updates; (iii) lessons from primary prostate cancer; (iv) lessons from single-cell studies; (v) genetic, epigenetic, epitranscriptomic and posttranslational mechanisms and clinical heterogeneity in prostate cancer; (vi) biology of neuroendocrine and lineage-plastic prostate cancer; (vii) next generation prostate cancer theranostics and combination therapies; (viii) the biology and therapeutic potential of targeting phosphoinositide 3-kinases pathways; (ix) combining immunomodulatory treatments for prostate cancer; (x) novel gamma delta (γδ) T-cell therapy platforms for oncology; and (xi) lessons from other cancers. CONCLUSIONS This article provides a summary of the presentations from the 2022 PCF Scientific Retreat. By disseminating this knowledge, we hope to enhance our understanding of the present research landscape and guide future strides in both prostate cancer research and patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea K Miyahira
- Science Department, Prostate Cancer Foundation, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Howard R Soule
- Science Department, Prostate Cancer Foundation, Santa Monica, California, USA
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10
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Newell S, van der Watt PJ, Leaner VD. Therapeutic targeting of nuclear export and import receptors in cancer and their potential in combination chemotherapy. IUBMB Life 2024; 76:4-25. [PMID: 37623925 PMCID: PMC10952567 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Systemic modalities are crucial in the management of disseminated malignancies and liquid tumours. However, patient responses and tolerability to treatment are generally poor and those that enter remission often return with refractory disease. Combination therapies provide a methodology to overcome chemoresistance mechanisms and address dose-limiting toxicities. A deeper understanding of tumorigenic processes at the molecular level has brought a targeted therapy approach to the forefront of cancer research, and novel cancer biomarkers are being identified at a rapid rate, with some showing potential therapeutic benefits. The Karyopherin superfamily of proteins is soluble receptors that mediate nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of proteins and RNAs, and recently, nuclear transport receptors have been recognized as novel anticancer targets. Inhibitors against nuclear export have been approved for clinical use against certain cancer types, whereas inhibitors against nuclear import are in preclinical stages of investigation. Mechanistically, targeting nucleocytoplasmic shuttling has shown to abrogate oncogenic signalling and restore tumour suppressor functions through nuclear sequestration of relevant proteins and mRNAs. Hence, nuclear transport inhibitors display broad spectrum anticancer activity and harbour potential to engage in synergistic interactions with a wide array of cytotoxic agents and other targeted agents. This review is focussed on the most researched nuclear transport receptors in the context of cancer, XPO1 and KPNB1, and highlights how inhibitors targeting these receptors can enhance the therapeutic efficacy of standard of care therapies and novel targeted agents in a combination therapy approach. Furthermore, an updated review on the therapeutic targeting of lesser characterized karyopherin proteins is provided and resistance to clinically approved nuclear export inhibitors is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Newell
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Pauline J. van der Watt
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Virna D. Leaner
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
- UCT/SAMRC Gynaecological Cancer Research CentreUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
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11
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Li YR, Lyu Z, Tian Y, Fang Y, Zhu Y, Chen Y, Yang L. Advancements in CRISPR screens for the development of cancer immunotherapy strategies. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2023; 31:100733. [PMID: 37876793 PMCID: PMC10591018 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2023.100733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
CRISPR screen technology enables systematic and scalable interrogation of gene function by using the CRISPR-Cas9 system to perturb gene expression. In the field of cancer immunotherapy, this technology has empowered the discovery of genes, biomarkers, and pathways that regulate tumor development and progression, immune reactivity, and the effectiveness of immunotherapeutic interventions. By conducting large-scale genetic screens, researchers have successfully identified novel targets to impede tumor growth, enhance anti-tumor immune responses, and surmount immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we present an overview of CRISPR screens conducted in tumor cells for the purpose of identifying novel therapeutic targets. We also explore the application of CRISPR screens in immune cells to propel the advancement of cell-based therapies, encompassing T cells, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. Furthermore, we outline the crucial components necessary for the successful implementation of immune-specific CRISPR screens and explore potential directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ruide Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zibai Lyu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yanxin Tian
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yichen Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yuning Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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12
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Mao YW, Zhang X, Li HB, Pei S, Wang AJ, Zhao T, Jin Z, Feng JJ. Confined synthesis of ternary FeCoMn single-atom nanozyme in N-doped hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres for synergistic chemotherapy and chemodynamic cancer therapy. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213618. [PMID: 37725871 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Recently, nanozymes show increasing biological applications and promising possibilities for therapeutic intervention, while their mediated therapeutic outcomes are severely compromised due to their insufficient catalytic activity and specificity. Herein, ternary FeCoMn single atoms were incorporated into N-doped hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres by in situ confinement pyrolysis at 800 °C as high-efficiency nanozyme. The confinement strategy endows the as-prepared nanozyme with the enhanced catalase- and oxidase-like activities. Specifically, the FeCoMn TSAs/N-HCSs nanozyme can decompose intracellular H2O2 to generate O2 and subsequently convert O2 to cytotoxic superoxide radicals (O2∙-), which can initiate cascade enzymatic reactions in tumor microenvironment (TME) for chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Moreover, the cancer therapy was largely enhanced by loading with doxorubicin (DOX). Impressively, the FeCoMn TSAs/N-HCSs nanozyme-mediated CDT and the DOX-induced chemotherapy endow the DOX@FeCoMn TSAs/N-HCSs with effective tumor inhibition, showing the superior therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Wen Mao
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Life Science, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Life Science, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Heng-Bo Li
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Life Science, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Song Pei
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Life Science, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Ai-Jun Wang
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Life Science, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Tiejun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Zhigang Jin
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Life Science, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Jiu-Ju Feng
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Life Science, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
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13
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Ooki A, Osumi H, Fukuda K, Yamaguchi K. Potent molecular-targeted therapies for gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:1021-1054. [PMID: 37422534 PMCID: PMC10584733 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10121-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), which are characterized by neuroendocrine differentiation, can arise in various organs. NENs have been divided into well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) based on morphological differentiation, each of which has a distinct etiology, molecular profile, and clinicopathological features. While the majority of NECs originate in the pulmonary organs, extrapulmonary NECs occur most predominantly in the gastro-entero-pancreatic (GEP) system. Although platinum-based chemotherapy is the main therapeutic option for recurrent or metastatic GEP-NEC patients, the clinical benefits are limited and associated with a poor prognosis, indicating the clinically urgent need for effective therapeutic agents. The clinical development of molecular-targeted therapies has been hampered due to the rarity of GEP-NECs and the paucity of knowledge on their biology. In this review, we summarize the biology, current treatments, and molecular profiles of GEP-NECs based on the findings of pivotal comprehensive molecular analyses; we also highlight potent therapeutic targets for future precision medicine based on the most recent results of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Ooki
- Department of Gastroenterological Chemotherapy, Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Osumi
- Department of Gastroenterological Chemotherapy, Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koshiro Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterological Chemotherapy, Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kensei Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Chemotherapy, Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Quintanal-Villalonga A, Durani V, Sabet A, Redin E, Kawasaki K, Shafer M, Karthaus WR, Zaidi S, Zhan YA, Manoj P, Sridhar H, Shah NS, Chow A, Bhanot UK, Linkov I, Asher M, Yu HA, Qiu J, de Stanchina E, Patel RA, Morrissey C, Haffner MC, Koche RP, Sawyers CL, Rudin CM. Exportin 1 inhibition prevents neuroendocrine transformation through SOX2 down-regulation in lung and prostate cancers. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadf7006. [PMID: 37531417 PMCID: PMC10777207 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adf7006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
In lung and prostate adenocarcinomas, neuroendocrine (NE) transformation to an aggressive derivative resembling small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is associated with poor prognosis. We previously described dependency of SCLC on the nuclear transporter exportin 1. Here, we explored the role of exportin 1 in NE transformation. We observed up-regulated exportin 1 in lung and prostate pretransformation adenocarcinomas. Exportin 1 was up-regulated after genetic inactivation of TP53 and RB1 in lung and prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines, accompanied by increased sensitivity to the exportin 1 inhibitor selinexor in vitro. Exportin 1 inhibition prevented NE transformation in different TP53/RB1-inactivated prostate adenocarcinoma xenograft models that acquire NE features upon treatment with the aromatase inhibitor enzalutamide and extended response to the EGFR inhibitor osimertinib in a lung cancer transformation patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model exhibiting combined adenocarcinoma/SCLC histology. Ectopic SOX2 expression restored the enzalutamide-promoted NE phenotype on adenocarcinoma-to-NE transformation xenograft models despite selinexor treatment. Selinexor sensitized NE-transformed lung and prostate small cell carcinoma PDXs to standard cytotoxics. Together, these data nominate exportin 1 inhibition as a potential therapeutic target to constrain lineage plasticity and prevent or treat NE transformation in lung and prostate adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Quintanal-Villalonga
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Vidushi Durani
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Amin Sabet
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Esther Redin
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kenta Kawasaki
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Moniquetta Shafer
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Wouter R. Karthaus
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Samir Zaidi
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yingqian A. Zhan
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Parvathy Manoj
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Harsha Sridhar
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nisargbhai S. Shah
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Andrew Chow
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Umesh K. Bhanot
- Precision Pathology Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Irina Linkov
- Precision Pathology Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marina Asher
- Precision Pathology Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Helena A. Yu
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Juan Qiu
- Antitumor Assessment Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Radhika A. Patel
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 19024, USA
| | - Colm Morrissey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Michael C. Haffner
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 19024, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Richard P. Koche
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Charles L. Sawyers
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Charles M. Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
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15
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Wang H, Teng X, Lin Y, Jiang C, Chen X, Zhang Y. Targeting XPO6 inhibits prostate cancer progression and enhances the suppressive efficacy of docetaxel. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:82. [PMID: 37243787 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00700-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although XPO6, one of the Exportin family members, functions in malignant progression of certain types of cancer, its role in prostate cancer (PCa) has not been elucidated. Herein, we investigated the oncogenic effect and clarified the downstream mechanism of XPO6 in PCa cells. METHODS We detected the expression level of XPO6 in PCa tissues by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and analyzed the correlation between clinicopathological characteristics and XPO6 level based on TCGA database. The effects of XPO6 in the proliferation and migration or resistance to docetaxel (DTX) in PCa cells were assessed using CCK8, colony formation, wound-healing and Transwell assays. Mice experiments were performed to investigate the role of XPO6 in tumor progression and DTX effect in vivo. Further, functional analysis of DEGs revealed the correlation of XPO6 with Hippo pathway and XPO6 could promote the expression and nuclear translocation of YAP1 protein. Furthermore, blocking Hippo pathway with YAP1 inhibitor leads to the loss of XPO6-mediated regulation of biological functions. RESULTS XPO6 was highly expressed and positively correlated with the clinicopathological characteristics of PCa. Functional experiments indicated that XPO6 could promote tumor development and DTX resistance in PCa. Mechanistically, we further confirmed that XPO6 could regulate Hippo pathway via mediating YAP1 protein expression and nuclear translocation thereby promoting PCa progression and chemotherapeutic resistance. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our research reveals that XPO6 potentially function as an oncogene and promotes DTX resistance of PCa, suggesting that XPO6 could be both a potential prognostic marker as well as a therapeutic target to effectively overcome DTX resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huming Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.678, Furong Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230601, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyu Teng
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.678, Furong Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230601, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.678, Furong Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230601, P.R. China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.678, Furong Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230601, P.R. China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.678, Furong Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230601, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.678, Furong Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230601, P.R. China.
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16
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Identifying CDC7 as a synergistic target of chemotherapy in resistant small-cell lung cancer via CRISPR/Cas9 screening. Cell Death Dis 2023; 9:40. [PMID: 36725843 PMCID: PMC9892530 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01315-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
There is currently a lack of efficacious treatments for patients with chemo-resistant small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), leading to poor prognoses. We examined a chemo-resistant SCLC cell line using genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screening and identified serine/threonine kinase cell division cycle 7 (CDC7) as a potential synergistic target. Silencing CDC7 in chemo-resistant SCLC cells decreased the IC50 and improved the efficacy of chemotherapy. Based on the highest single agent model, the CDC7 inhibitor XL413 had a synergistic effect with both cisplatin and etoposide in chemo-resistant SCLC cells, but had no such effect in chemo-sensitive SCLC cells; the combination of XL413 and chemotherapy significantly inhibited cell growth. Western blot and flow cytometry showed that the combined treatments increased apoptosis, whereas XL413 alone had little effect on apoptosis. An analysis of cell cycle and cyclin protein levels indicated that the combination of XL413 and chemotherapy-induced G1/S phase arrest and DNA damage in chemo-resistant SCLC cells. Xenografted tumor and histoculture drug response assays using patient-derived xenografts showed that XL413 improved the efficacy of chemotherapy in vivo and with SCLC tissues. These results suggest that XL413 exerts a synergistic effect with chemotherapy on chemo-resistant SCLC.
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17
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Huang W, Wang JX, Shen X, Lei Y, Chen X, Jia D, Zhang X, Sun Q. Searching for Novel Noncovalent Nuclear Export Inhibitors through a Drug Repurposing Approach. J Med Chem 2023; 66:1574-1582. [PMID: 36622814 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal region maintenance protein 1 (CRM1) is a validated anticancer drug target, and its covalent inhibitor KPT-330 has been approved for marketing. However, the development of CRM1 inhibitors, especially the noncovalent ones, is still very limited. Drug repurposing is an effective strategy to develop drug leads for new targets. In this work, we virtually screened a library of marketed drugs and identified zafirlukast as a new CRM1 inhibitor. Biochemical and structural analysis revealed that zafirlukast was a noncovalent CRM1 inhibitor that bound to four subpockets in the nuclear-export-signal (NES) groove. Methylation of the sulfonamide group rendered zafirlukast completely inactive against CRM1. Zafirlukast inhibited the growth of a variety of cancer cells and worked synergistically with the drug doxorubicin. Taken together, these works laid a solid foundation for reshaping zafirlukast as a valuable lead compound for further design of noncovalent, specific, and potent CRM1 inhibitors toward the treatment of various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Huang
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jia-Xi Wang
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaofei Shen
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Yuqin Lei
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Da Jia
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qingxiang Sun
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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18
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Zhang Y, Lu P, Jin S, Zhang J, Zhou Y. USP14 promotes the malignant progression and ibrutinib resistance of mantle cell lymphoma by stabilizing XPO1. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20:616-626. [PMID: 37082728 PMCID: PMC10110470 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.80467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a heterogeneous disease belonging to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. In recent years, the morbidity rate of MCL is ascending, and the prognosis remains unfavorable. Ubiquitin-specific proteases14 (USP14) has been evidenced to be engaged in the process of malignant tumors. In this article, the role of USP14 in the malignant process of MCL and the mechanism of ibrutinib resistance were discussed. Methods: Through qRT-PCR and western blot, the mRNA and protein expressions of USP14 in MCL cells were tested. USP14 interference plasmid was constructed by cell transfection technology, and then CCK8 and EdU assays were applied to appraise cell proliferation. Cell cycle and cell apoptosis were estimated by flow cytometry and western blot. The sensitivity of MCL cells to ibrutinib was also investigated. Next, western blot, co-IP, Cycloheximide (CHX) assay and other techniques were used to detect the relationship between USP14 and XPO1. Finally, by simultaneously inhibiting USP14 and overexpressing XPO1, the impacts of USP14 on the malignant process of MCL and the regulatory mechanism of ibrutinib sensitivity in MCL were discussed. Results: USP14 expression was markedly fortified in MCL cell lines. Interference of USP14 suppressed MCL cell viability, potentiated cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and ibrutinib sensitivity. This process might be achieved by USP14 deubiquitination through enhancing XPO1 stability. Conclusion: USP14 can promote the malignant progression and ibrutinib sensitivity of MCL by stabilizing XPO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310016, PR. China
- ✉ Corresponding author: Ye Zhang, No.3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310016, PR. China. E-mail:
| | - Peng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310016, PR. China
| | - Shenhe Jin
- Department of Hematology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310016, PR. China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310016, PR. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310016, PR. China
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The efficacy of selinexor (KPT-330), an XPO1 inhibitor, on non-hematologic cancers: a comprehensive review. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 149:2139-2155. [PMID: 35941226 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04247-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Selinexor is a novel XPO1 inhibitor which inhibits the export of tumor suppressor proteins and oncoprotein mRNAs, leading to cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells. While selinexor is currently FDA approved to treat multiple myeloma, compelling preclinical and early clinical studies reveal selinexor's efficacy in treating hematologic and non-hematologic malignancies, including sarcoma, gastric, bladder, prostate, breast, ovarian, skin, lung, and brain cancers. Current reviews of selinexor primarily highlight its use in hematologic malignancies; however, this review seeks to summarize the recent evidence of selinexor treatment in solid tumors. METHODS Pertinent literature searches in PubMed and the Karyopharm Therapeutics website for selinexor and non-hematologic malignancies preclinical and clinical trials. RESULTS This review provides evidence that selinexor is a promising agent used alone or in combination with other anticancer medications in non-hematologic malignancies. CONCLUSION Further clinical investigation of selinexor treatment for solid malignancies is warranted.
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Lawrence YR, Shacham-Shmueli E, Yarom N, Khaikin M, Venturero M, Apter S, Inbar Y, Symon Z, Aderka D, Halpern N, Berger R, Boursi B, Jacobson G, Raskin S, Ackerstein A, Margalit O, Appel S, Schvimer M, Crochiere M, Yang F, Landesman Y, Rashal T, Shacham S, Golan T. Nuclear Export Inhibition for Radiosensitization; a Proof-of-Concept Phase I Clinical Trial of Selinexor (KPT-330) Combined with Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022; 114:250-255. [PMID: 35667526 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selinexor (KPT-330, XPOVIO®) is a first-in-class, oral selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE) compound that blocks XPO1, forcing nuclear retention of tumor suppressor proteins. Selinexor potentiates radiation-induced cell death in preclinical models, but has yet to be combined with radiation in the clinic. We hypothesized that selinexor would increase the activity of neoadjuvant fluoropyrimidine-based chemoradiation (ChRT) for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). METHODS A phase I clinical trial of selinexor plus ChRT for LARC was performed, 3+3 design. Eligibility criteria included stage II-III LARC requiring neoadjuvant chemoradiation, and ECOG 0-1 performance status. Patients received 50.4 Gy over 5.5 weeks plus capecitabine 825 mg/m2 twice daily on radiation days. Three selinexor dose-levels were tested: 1) 20 mg/m2 twice weekly concurrent with ChRT, 2) 35 mg/m2 twice weekly concurrent with ChRT, and 3) 35 mg/m2 twice weekly concurrent with ChRT, and for an additional two weeks. Subsequently, patients underwent definitive curative resection. DNA variant analysis and RNAseq were performed to characterize responders. RESULTS Eleven patients were enrolled, median age 60.5 years, six were stage III. Nine completed selinexor plus ChRT; two patients withdrew consent. Side effects attributed to selinexor included fatigue, hyponatremia and mild thrombocytopenia. Dose level 3 was poorly tolerated, (dehydration, anorexia). Of the 9 patients who completed treatment, median volumetric tumor shrinkage was 93% (IQR 59-98). Comparing baseline clinical stage to final pathological stage, 82% of patients were down-staged. Two patients experienced a complete / near-complete pathological response. Expression of PTGS2 and CD177 were identified as potential biomarkers of response. CONCLUSION Selinexor combined with neoadjuvant ChRT in LARC is well tolerated. Potential biomarkers were identified based upon a preliminary analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaacov R Lawrence
- Sheba Medical Center affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Israel; Department Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University.
| | | | | | - Marat Khaikin
- Sheba Medical Center affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | | | - Sara Apter
- Sheba Medical Center affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Yael Inbar
- Sheba Medical Center affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Zvi Symon
- Sheba Medical Center affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Dan Aderka
- Sheba Medical Center affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Naama Halpern
- Sheba Medical Center affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Raanan Berger
- Sheba Medical Center affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Ben Boursi
- Sheba Medical Center affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Galia Jacobson
- Sheba Medical Center affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Israel; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephen Raskin
- Sheba Medical Center affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Aliza Ackerstein
- Sheba Medical Center affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Ofer Margalit
- Sheba Medical Center affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Sarit Appel
- Sheba Medical Center affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Michael Schvimer
- Sheba Medical Center affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | | | - Fan Yang
- Karyopharm Therapeutics, Newton, MA, USA
| | | | - Tami Rashal
- Sheba Medical Center affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | | | - Talia Golan
- Sheba Medical Center affiliated with Tel Aviv University, Israel
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