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Noronha V, Kolkur M, ArunKumar R, Adak S, Patil V, Menon N, Shah M, Prabhash K. The Impact of Baseline Vitamin D Level in Patients Receiving Gefitinib-Directed Therapy for EGFR-Mutant Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Med Insights Oncol 2024; 18:11795549241254460. [PMID: 38827521 PMCID: PMC11143802 DOI: 10.1177/11795549241254460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There is contradicting evidence on vitamin D levels and cancer mortality rates. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of baseline vitamin D level on the outcome in patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (EGFR)-mutant advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received either gefitinib or gefitinib with chemotherapy (pemetrexed and carboplatin) as first-line therapy in a prospective randomized study. Methods This was a post hoc analysis of a phase III randomized trial comparing gefitinib with gefitinib with carboplatin and pemetrexed in patients with advanced NSCLC with activating EGFR mutations in the first-line setting. As a part of regular practice, baseline vitamin D levels were measured using circulating 25(OH) levels in blood. We included 334 patients who had baseline vitamin D levels in the study and evaluated the effect of the vitamin D level on oncologic outcomes. Results There were 136 (40.7%) patients with a sufficient (>20 ng/mL) baseline vitamin D level, and 198 (59.3%) patients who were deficient in vitamin D (<20 ng/mL). The median progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with normal vitamin D levels was 17 months, whereas that in patients with deficient vitamin D levels was 15 months, with a hazard ratio of 1.45 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03-2.06). The median overall survival (OS) in patients with normal vitamin D levels was 28.6 months, whereas that in patients with deficient vitamin D levels was 28.5 months, with a hazard ratio of 1.17 (95% CI = 0.81-1.68). On multivariate analysis, only 2 factors impacted the PFS, the baseline vitamin D level, and the treatment regimen; other factors like age, sex, disease stage, and performance status did not. Conclusions Baseline vitamin D levels have a significant impact on PFS, whereas OS is not affected by the baseline vitamin D levels on patients receiving targeted therapy for EGFR-mutant lung cancer. Trial registration The trial was prospectively registered with the Clinical Trial Registry of India, registration number CTRI/2016/08/007149. The date of the registration was 5 August 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanita Noronha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India
| | - Manali Kolkur
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India
| | - R ArunKumar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India
| | - Supriya Adak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India
| | - Vijay Patil
- P. D. Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mahim, India
| | - Nandini Menon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India
| | - Minit Shah
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India
| | - Kumar Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India
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Voutilainen A, Virtanen JK, Hantunen S, Nurmi T, Kokko P, Tuomainen TP. Multiplicative, additive, and interactive associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D with lung and prostate cancer. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2024; 94:133-142. [PMID: 36755523 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Results regarding the epidemiological association of vitamin D with lung (LCA) and prostate cancer (PCA) are controversial. This study tested whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations have interactive epidemiological associations with smoking, the number-one risk factor for LCA, and age, the number-one risk factor for PCA. Also, this study investigated whether the associations of 25(OH)D, smoking, age, alcohol consumption, body mass index, diet (the healthy Nordic diet score), and physical activity with incident LCA and PCA are multiplicative or additive. The study of association types makes it easier to select appropriate statistical methods. The Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study provided the data of 2578 men with 112 LCA and 300 PCA cases over 35 years by the end of 2019. Serum 25(OH)D did not associate with LCA and PCA or interact with smoking and age. The association of smoking with LCA was additive; 13 extra cases per 1000 men every 10 years. Age and alcohol consumption multiplicatively increased the hazard of LCA (hazard ratio, 95% confidence interval for age >50: 3.56, 1.82-6.17; drink per week: 1.01, 1.00-1.03), whereas adherence to healthy Nordic diet decreased it (per score point: 0.95, 0.89-1.00). The association of age >50 with PCA was additive; 2.5 extra cases per 1000 men every 10 years. To conclude, there was no epidemiological relationship of pre-diagnostic 25(OH)D concentrations with the incidence of LCA and PCA. The respective associations of smoking and age >50 with LCA and PCA were additive rather than multiplicative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Voutilainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jyrki K Virtanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sari Hantunen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tarja Nurmi
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Petra Kokko
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Amraiz D, Kiani AK, Awan UA, Amraiz T, Awan BA, Irfan M. Cancer Prevention and Treatment Based on Lifestyles. Cancer Treat Res 2024; 191:245-279. [PMID: 39133411 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55622-7_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Cancer morbidity and mortality incidence are rapidly increasing over the period of time. Cancer prevention, alongside innovative therapies and earlier detection, is considered a key strategy for reducing the overall cancer burden. Substantial evidence indicates a clear correlation between lifestyle factors and changes in nutrient metabolism. Approximately 5-10% of all cancer cases are attributed to genetic factors, whereas 90-95% are due to environmental and lifestyle factors, suggesting that lifestyle interventions have significant prospects for preventing various cancers. Healthy lifestyle changes, in particular healthy diets, physical activity, staying at a healthy weight, reduction or elimination of tobacco/alcohol consumption, and avoiding exposure to radiation and other carcinogens, are significant factors to be considered to tackle the challenges associated with cancer in modern society. This chapter aims to provide lifestyle intervention strategies to improve cancer prevention and risk reduction while promoting the health of cancer patients. The therapeutic role of some dietary regimens and supplements, as well as complementary and alternative health approaches, in cancer treatment is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeba Amraiz
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
| | - Aysha Karim Kiani
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Azeem Awan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA
| | - Tayyaba Amraiz
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Zoology Wildlife and Fisheries, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Abstract
The ubiquity of vitamin D metabolising enzymes and vitamin D receptors in mammalian organisms suggests that vitamin D has pleiotropic effects. There are quite a few studies indicating the anticancer, cardioprotective and antidiabetic effects of vitamin D; however, the best-documented actions of vitamin D are the regulation of Ca-phosphate balance and its effect on immune function.Vitamin D levels in organisms are modulated by many environmental and non-environmental factors. One potential factor that may influence vitamin D levels and effects is the sex of the individuals studied. This review focuses on the scientific evidence indicating different synthesis and metabolism of vitamin D in females and males, mainly from PubMed database sources. The article verifies the sex differences in vitamin D levels reported around the world. Moreover, the different effects of vitamin D on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, nervous and immune systems, as well as cancer in males and females, were discussed.Most studies addressing sex differences in vitamin D levels and effects are observational studies with conflicting results. Therefore, carefully designed clinical trials and experiments on animal models should be carried out to determine the role of non-environmental factors that may differentiate vitamin D levels in females and males.
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Kazemi SM, Esmaieli-bandboni A, Veisi Malekshahi Z, Shahbaz Sardood M, Hashemi M, Majidzadeh K, Kadkhodazadeh M, Esmaili R, Negahdari B. Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and risk of breast cancer in Iranian women. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 73:103150. [PMID: 34917354 PMCID: PMC8666522 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.103150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vitamin D deficiency is a driving force of common cancers like breast cancer. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) can play a tumor suppressor role by helping the precise function of vitamin D in cells such as modulation TGF-β signaling pathway. This study aimed to investigate the association of VDR gene variants and susceptibility to breast cancer in Iranian women. METHODS Genomic DNAs were isolated from blood samples of 161 women with breast cancer and 150 healthy women. After amplification of five positions of VDR gene, the prepared amplicons were digested with TaqI, ApaI, BsmI, Cdx2, and FokI restriction enzymes. RESULTS Subsequently, the digested products were electrophoresed on the 1.5% agarose gel. Odds ratios (ORs) for breast cancer were calculated for genotypes and estimated haplotypes. Binary logistic regression analysis showed FokI (rs2228570), BsmI (rs1544410), and ApaI (rs7975232) polymorphisms had the significant distribution in patients than to the normal group. Analysis of linkage disequilibrium for all pairs of SNPs showed that D'-value between SNP TaqI and SNP BsmI was significantly (p ≤ 0.05). We observed that four major haplotypes of ApaI, BsmI, FokI, Cdx2, and TaqI SNPs significantly were in high frequency than predicted frequency. Among these four haplotypes, CGTAT haplotype was in a higher significant association than others with breast cancer risk (p-value = 0.0001). CONCLUSION Our results showed that FokI, BsmI, and ApaI of VDR polymorphisms associated with the risk of breast cancer in Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Maryam Kazemi
- Department of Genetics, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aghil Esmaieli-bandboni
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ziba Veisi Malekshahi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shahbaz Sardood
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Keivan Majidzadeh
- Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Rezvan Esmaili
- Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Negahdari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Wang W, Hu W, Xue S, Chen Q, Jiang Y, Zhang H, Zuo W. Vitamin D and Lung Cancer; Association, Prevention, and Treatment. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:2188-2200. [PMID: 33225744 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1844245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the common types of malignant disorders and the most prevalent cause of cancer-related mortality in the world. Although a wide range of approaches has been examined, strategies in prevention and treatment of lung cancer are still inadequate. Studies show that Vitamin D (VitD) is involved in various biological pathways and has been associated with the etiopathogenesis of several diseases, like cancers. In Vitro and In Vivo experiments have disclosed that VitD plays immunomodulatory and anti-tumor functions. Several lines of evidence have indicated that VitD is involved in the inflammatory settings of the lung. Epidemiological studies have reported that sufficient levels of VitD might be critical in the prevention of lung cancer. Polymorphisms in the genes encoding the different molecules involved in the signaling of VitD might affect the lung cancer risk as well as the quality and quantity of responses to different treatments. In this review article, we intended to clarify the implications of VitD in the normal biology and physiology of the lung and discuss diverse line of evidence about the possible role of VitD in the prevention or treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medial University, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Wentao Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Shihang Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medial University, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medial University, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Yongsheng Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medial University, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Haina Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medial University, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zuo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medial University, Ningbo, P.R. China
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Sun K, Zuo M, Zhang Q, Wang K, Huang D, Zhang H. Anti-Tumor Effect of Vitamin D Combined with Calcium on Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:2633-2642. [PMID: 33225749 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1850812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Although many studies have demonstrated the impact of vitamin D and calcium on lung cancer, it remains the discrepancy for the effect of vitamin D and calcium on lung cancer. In this study, we aimed to verify the roles of vitamin D and calcium in the incidence and prognosis of lung cancer. A systematic literature search was performed by February 29, 2020. The relative risks (RRs) and hazard ratio (HRs) were pooled to evaluate the risk for the incidence and mortality of lung cancer. A total of 58,625 lung cancer cases from 40 studies were included. The risk (RR: 0.915, 95% Cl: 0.849-0.986) and mortality (RR: 0.718, 95% Cl: 0.530-0.973) of lung cancer were significantly decreased due to high circulating 25(OH)D level. Although the separate intake of vitamin D (RR: 0.909, 95% Cl: 0.801-1.031) and calcium (RR: 0.890, 95% Cl: 0.741-1.070) did not exhibit a protective effect on lung cancer, the combination supplement of vitamin D and calcium significantly decreased the incidence of lung cancer (RR: 0.811, 95% Cl: 0.659-0.999). High level of serum 25(OH)D could play the preventive role in lung cancer. Furthermore, vitamin D could be supplemented together with calcium against lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Sun
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minghao Zuo
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Keyi Wang
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongdong Huang
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Honghe Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Lee KB, Ang L, Yau WP, Seow WJ. Association between Metabolites and the Risk of Lung Cancer: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Metabolites 2020; 10:E362. [PMID: 32899527 PMCID: PMC7570231 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10090362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, lung cancer is the most prevalent cancer type. However, screening and early detection is challenging. Previous studies have identified metabolites as promising lung cancer biomarkers. This systematic literature review and meta-analysis aimed to identify metabolites associated with lung cancer risk in observational studies. The literature search was performed in PubMed and EMBASE databases, up to 31 December 2019, for observational studies on the association between metabolites and lung cancer risk. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic and Cochran's Q test. Meta-analyses were performed using either a fixed-effects or random-effects model, depending on study heterogeneity. Fifty-three studies with 297 metabolites were included. Most identified metabolites (252 metabolites) were reported in individual studies. Meta-analyses were conducted on 45 metabolites. Five metabolites (cotinine, creatinine riboside, N-acetylneuraminic acid, proline and r-1,t-2,3,c-4-tetrahydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophenanthrene) and five metabolite groups (total 3-hydroxycotinine, total cotinine, total nicotine, total 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (sum of concentrations of the metabolite and its glucuronides), and total nicotine equivalent (sum of total 3-hydroxycotinine, total cotinine and total nicotine)) were associated with higher lung cancer risk, while three others (folate, methionine and tryptophan) were associated with lower lung cancer risk. Significant heterogeneity was detected across most studies. These significant metabolites should be further evaluated as potential biomarkers for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kian Boon Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore; (K.B.L.); (W.-P.Y.)
| | - Lina Ang
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
| | - Wai-Ping Yau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore; (K.B.L.); (W.-P.Y.)
| | - Wei Jie Seow
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-Alpha-Hydroxylase ( CYP27B1) Gene: The Risk of Malignant Tumors and Other Chronic Diseases. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030801. [PMID: 32197412 PMCID: PMC7146376 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
: Vitamin D is widely known for its roles in the promotion of apoptosis and differentiation, with simultaneous inhibition of proliferation, inflammation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Modern literature lacks complete information on polymorphisms in CYP27B1, the only enzyme capable of vitamin D activation. This review presents gathered data that relate to genetic variants in CYP27B1 gene in correlation to multiple diseases, mostly concerning colorectal, prostate, breast, lung, and pancreatic cancers, as well as on other pathologies, such as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, oral lichen planus, or multiple sclerosis.
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Laczmanski L, Laczmanska I, Lwow F. Association of select vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms with the risk of tobacco-related cancers - a meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16026. [PMID: 31690771 PMCID: PMC6831593 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52519-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The observed increase in morbidity and mortality due to tobacco-related cancers, especially those in the respiratory system and esophagus, is becoming a public health challenge. Smoking cigarettes is one of the main risk factors predisposing individuals to many types of cancers. The aim of this study was to determine the role of select vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms as risk factors in tobacco-related cancers. The MEDLINE and ResearchGate databases were used to search for articles up to June 2017, and 12 articles including 26 studies concerning FokI, ApaI, TaqI and BsmI polymorphisms and lung, neck, head, esophageal and oral cancers were chosen. In total, 5 113 cases and 5 657 controls were included in the pooled analysis. We found a significant relationship between tobacco-related cancers and the occurrence of the "t" allele in the TaqI polymorphism of VDR. The occurrence of the "t" allele reduced the risk of tobacco-related cancers by 17% (OR = 0.83, 0.72-0.96 95% CI, p-value = 0.0114). Our analysis revealed that there is a correlation between the TaqI polymorphism of VDR and the risk of tobacco-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Laczmanski
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, Weigla 12, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Izabela Laczmanska
- Genetics Department, Wroclaw Medical University, Marcinkowskiego 1, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Felicja Lwow
- Team of Health Promotion, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, Paderewskiego 35, Wroclaw, Poland.
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Zhu K, Knuiman M, Divitini M, Hung J, Lim EM, Cooke BR, Walsh JP. Lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with colorectal and breast cancer, but not overall cancer risk: a 20-year cohort study. Nutr Res 2019; 67:100-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Zeng S, Gan HX, Xu JX, Liu JY. Metformin improves survival in lung cancer patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis. Med Clin (Barc) 2019; 152:291-297. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2018.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Zhou Z, Zhou R, Zhang Z, Li K. The Association Between Vitamin D Status, Vitamin D Supplementation, Sunlight Exposure, and Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:666-674. [PMID: 30672512 PMCID: PMC6352758 DOI: 10.12659/msm.912840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This literature review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the association between deficiency of vitamin D, or 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and Parkinson's disease, and whether vitamin D from supplements and sunlight improves the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS A literature review and meta-analysis were performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Systematic literature review was performed using databases that included the Web of Science, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase. The Jadad scale (the Oxford quality scoring system) and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) were used to evaluate the quality of the studies. RESULTS Eight studies were included in the meta-analysis. Both 25-hydroxyvitamin D insufficiency (<30 ng/mL) (OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.29-2.43; P<0.001) and deficiency (<20 ng/mL) (OR, 2.55; 95% CI, 1.98-3.27; P<0.001) were significantly associated with an increased risk of Parkinson's disease when compared with normal controls Sunlight exposure (³15 min/week) was significantly associated with a reduced risk of Parkinson's disease (OR, 0.02; 95% CI, 0.00-0.10; P<0.001). The use of vitamin D supplements was effective in increasing 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (SMD, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.40-2.18; P<0.001), but had no significant effect on motor function (MD, -1.82; 95% CI, -5.10-1.45; P=0.275) in patients with Parkinson's disease. CONCLUSIONS Insufficiency and deficiency of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and reduced exposure to sunlight were significantly associated with an increased risk of Parkinson's disease. However, vitamin D supplements resulted in no significant benefits in improving motor function for patients with Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonglei Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Sichuan University West China School of Public Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Ruzhen Zhou
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zengqiao Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Kunpeng Li
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Shanghai Second Rehabilitation Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Wei H, Jing H, Wei Q, Wei G, Heng Z. Associations of the risk of lung cancer with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and dietary vitamin D intake: A dose-response PRISMA meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12282. [PMID: 30212966 PMCID: PMC6155959 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The associations of the risk of lung cancer with the vitamin D intake and serum level are controversial. We performed a comprehensive dose-response meta-analysis to evaluate the precise relationships between the above mentioned parameters.We performed a web search of the PubMed, Medline, and Embase databases to identify potential studies that evaluated the relationships between vitamin D intake or serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25([OH]D) levels and the risk of lung cancer on December 5, 2017. According to the inclusion and exclusive criteria, 16 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of the associations. A dose-response analysis was conducted to quantitate the relationship between the serum 25(OH)D or vitamin D intake and the risk of lung cancer.The pooled RR (highest level vs lowest level) showed that the serum 25(OH)D level was not associated with the risk of lung cancer (RR = 1.046, 95% CI = 0.945-1.159). A high vitamin D intake was inversely correlated with the lung cancer risk (RR = 0.854, 95% CI = 0.741-0.984). No significant dose-response relationship was observed between the serum 25(OH)D level and the lung cancer risk. The linearity model of the dose-response analysis indicated that with every 100 IU/day increase in vitamin D intake, the risk of lung cancer decreased by 2.4% (RR = 0.976, 95% CI = 0.957-0.995, P = .018).A high vitamin D intake provides limited protection against lung cancer carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Wei
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan
| | - Hu Jing
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan
| | - Qian Wei
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan
| | - Guo Wei
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan
| | - Zhou Heng
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
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15
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Haznadar M, Krausz KW, Margono E, Diehl CM, Bowman ED, Manna SK, Robles AI, Ryan BM, Gonzalez FJ, Harris CC. Inverse association of vitamin D 3 levels with lung cancer mediated by genetic variation. Cancer Med 2018; 7:2764-2775. [PMID: 29726119 PMCID: PMC6010700 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is an essential micronutrient required for normal physiological function and recognized for its role regulating calcium metabolism. Recent work is beginning to emerge demonstrating a role for vitamin D in chronic illnesses, such as cancer. Circulating serum levels of 25(OH)D2/3 were quantitatively measured using sensitive ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS) in 406 lung cancer cases and 437 population controls, while 1,25(OH)2D2/3 levels were measured in a subset of 90 cases and 104 controls using the same method, from the NCI‐MD case–control cohort. 25(OH)D3 levels were inversely associated with lung cancer status across quartiles (Q2 vs. Q1: ORadjusted = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.3–0.8; Q3 vs. Q1: ORadjusted = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.3–0.8; Q4 vs. Q1: ORadjusted = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.2–0.9; Ptrend = 0.004). Levels of 1,25(OH)2D3 were also inversely associated with lung cancer status (Q2 vs. Q1: ORadjusted = 0.2, 95% CI = 0.03–0.7; Q3 vs. Q1: ORadjusted = 0.1, 95% CI = 0.01–0.4; Q4 vs. Q1: ORadjusted = 0.04, 95% CI = 0.01–0.3; Ptrend<0.0001). Although the observed trends were similar for the 25(OH)D2 (Ptrend = 0.08), no significant associations were seen between vitamin D2 and lung cancer status. Additionally, genotyping of 296 SNPs in the same subjects resulted in findings that 27 SNPs, predominantly in CYP24A1 and VDR genes, were significantly associated with lung cancer status, affected mRNA expression, and modulated vitamin D levels. These findings suggest a protective role for vitamin D3 in lung cancer, with similar trends but insignificant findings for D2. Vitamin D3 levels appeared to be modulated by genetic variation in CYP24A1 and VDR genes. Additional research to illuminate the mechanism(s) through which vitamin D exacerbates effects against lung carcinogenesis is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majda Haznadar
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892
| | - Kristopher W Krausz
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892
| | - Ezra Margono
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892
| | - Christopher M Diehl
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892
| | - Elise D Bowman
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892
| | - Soumen Kanti Manna
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics (HBNI), Kolkata, 700064, India
| | - Ana I Robles
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892
| | - Bríd M Ryan
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892
| | - Curtis C Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892
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Merrill RM, Frutos A. Reduced Lung Cancer Mortality With Lower Atmospheric Pressure. Dose Response 2018; 16:1559325818769484. [PMID: 29706845 PMCID: PMC5912279 DOI: 10.1177/1559325818769484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has shown that higher altitude is associated with lower risk of lung cancer and improved survival among patients. The current study assessed the influence of county-level atmospheric pressure (a measure reflecting both altitude and temperature) on age-adjusted lung cancer mortality rates in the contiguous United States, with 2 forms of spatial regression. METHODS Ordinary least squares regression and geographically weighted regression models were used to evaluate the impact of climate and other selected variables on lung cancer mortality, based on 2974 counties. RESULTS Atmospheric pressure was significantly positively associated with lung cancer mortality, after controlling for sunlight, precipitation, PM2.5 (µg/m3), current smoker, and other selected variables. Positive county-level β coefficient estimates (P < .05) for atmospheric pressure were observed throughout the United States, higher in the eastern half of the country. CONCLUSION The spatial regression models showed that atmospheric pressure is positively associated with age-adjusted lung cancer mortality rates, after controlling for other selected variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray M. Merrill
- Department of Health Science, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Aaron Frutos
- Department of Health Science, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
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Feng Q, Zhang H, Dong Z, Zhou Y, Ma J. Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and lung cancer risk and survival: A dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8613. [PMID: 29137092 PMCID: PMC5690785 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lower serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with several negative outcomes. However, previous studies have indicated that 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with lung cancer risk and survival, but presented controversial results.PubMed and Embase databases were searched update to August 2017 to identify and quantify the potential association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and lung cancer risk and survival.Seventeen eligible studies involving a total of 138,858 participants with 4368 incident cases were included in this meta-analysis. Our results showed statistically significant association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and lung cancer risk and mortality. However, circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D was not associated with overall lung cancer survival. Furthermore, compared with the lowest circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D, the highest circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D is significantly decreased risk of lung cancer risk in male and female. In addition, the highest circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D was significantly associated with a lower risk in Caucasian and Asian. We also obtained the best fit at an inflection point of 10 nmol/L in piecewise regression analysis, increasing 10 nmol/L dose of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D was associated with an 8% reduction in the risk of lung cancer risk and an 7% reduction in the risk of lung cancer mortality. Subgroup meta-analyses in study quality, number of participants, and number of cases showed consistent with the primary findings.The highest circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D was associated with decreased lung cancer risk and mortality but not overall survival.
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18
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Associations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level with incidence of lung cancer and histologic types in Norwegian adults: a case-cohort analysis of the HUNT study. Eur J Epidemiol 2017; 33:67-77. [PMID: 29080012 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-017-0324-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Previous prospective studies have shown inconsistent associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level and lung cancer incidence. The aim of the present study was to explore the associations of serum 25(OH)D levels with incidence of lung cancer overall and different histologic types. We performed a population-based prospective case-cohort study including 696 incident lung cancer cases and 5804 individuals in a subcohort who participated in the second survey of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study in Norway. Cox proportional hazards regression models counting for the case-cohort design were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (CIs) for lung cancer overall or histologic types in relation to serum 25(OH)D levels. Compared with the fourth season-specific quartile of 25(OH)D (median 68.0 nmol/L), lower 25(OH)D levels were not associated with the incidence of overall, small or squamous cell lung cancer. However, the risk of adenocarcinoma was lower in the second and third quartiles (median 39.9 and 51.5 nmol/L) compared with the fourth quartile, with HRs of 0.63 (95% CI 0.41-0.98) and 0.58 (0.38-0.88), respectively. The associations of lower levels of 25(OH)D with a reduced risk of adenocarcinoma were only observed in the overweight/obese subjects [HRs for second and third quartiles: 0.40 (0.22-0.72) and 0.50 (0.27-0.92)] but not in the normal weight subjects [HRs: 0.95 (0.52-1.75) and 0.60 (0.32-1.10)]. Serum 25(OH)D levels were not associated with the risk of lung cancer in general. The observation that lower 25(OH)D levels were associated with a lower risk of adenocarcinoma should be interpreted with caution.
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19
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Cheng TYD, Song X, Beresford SAA, Ho GYF, Johnson KC, Datta M, Chlebowski RT, Wactawski-Wende J, Qi L, Neuhouser ML. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and lung cancer risk in never-smoking postmenopausal women. Cancer Causes Control 2017; 28:1053-1063. [PMID: 28900765 PMCID: PMC5963264 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-017-0956-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D has been implicated in lowering lung cancer risk, but serological data on the association among never-smoking women are limited. We report results examining the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations with lung cancer risk among female never smokers. We also examined whether the association was modified by vitamin D supplementation and serum vitamin A concentrations. METHODS In the Women's Health Initiative, including the calcium/vitamin D (CaD) Trial, we selected 298 incident cases [191 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) including 170 adenocarcinoma] and 298 matched controls of never smokers. Baseline serum 25(OH)D was assayed by a chemiluminescent method. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for quartiles and predefined clinical cutoffs of serum 25(OH)D concentrations. RESULTS Comparing quartiles 4 versus 1 of serum 25(OH)D concentrations, ORs were 1.06 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.61-1.84] for all lung cancer, 0.94 (95% CI 0.52-1.69) for NSCLC, and 0.91 (95% CI 0.49-1.68) for adenocarcinoma. Comparing serum 25(OH)D ≥ 75 (high) versus <30 nmol/L (deficient), ORs were 0.76 (95% CI 0.31-1.84) for all lung cancer, 0.71 (95% CI 0.27-1.86) for NSCLC, and 0.81 (95% CI 0.31-2.14) for adenocarcinoma. There is suggestive evidence that CaD supplementation (1 g calcium + 400 IU D3/day) and a high level of circulating vitamin A may modify the associations of 25(OH)D with lung cancer overall and subtypes (p interaction <0.10). CONCLUSIONS In this group of never-smoking postmenopausal women, the results did not support the hypothesis of an association between serum 25(OH)D and lung cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yuan David Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Road, 4th Floor, RM4213, P. O. Box 100231, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
| | - Xiaoling Song
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shirley A A Beresford
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gloria Y F Ho
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
- Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Karen C Johnson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mridul Datta
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - Jean Wactawski-Wende
- Department of Epidemiology and Environment Health, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Lihong Qi
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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Liu J, Dong Y, Lu C, Wang Y, Peng L, Jiang M, Tang Y, Zhao Q. Meta-analysis of the correlation between vitamin D and lung cancer risk and outcomes. Oncotarget 2017; 8:81040-81051. [PMID: 29113365 PMCID: PMC5655260 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this meta-analysis, we analyzed the association between vitamin D levels and lung carcinoma risk and outcomes. Two authors independently searched the Web of Science, Pubmed, EBSCO and Ovid MEDLINE resources with the key words “vitamin D, lung cancer, solar and latitude” and enrolled 22 studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria. The summary odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the random (or fixed)-effects model. Potential confounders were carefully adjusted. High vitamin D (or calcium) intake and serum 25(OH)D levels each correlated inversely with lung cancer risk [OR = 0.72 (95% CI: 0.61–0.85, p < 0.001) and OR = 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83–0.97, p < 0.05)]. High circulating 25(OH)D levels also reduced lung cancer mortality with the pooled OR reached 0.39 (95% CI: 0.28–0.54, p < 0.001)]. A positive trend was presented in the relationship between serum 25(OH) D and survival (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.87–1.18, p = 0.87). Subgroup analysis revealed that nonsmokers had higher vitamin D levels, which correlated negatively with lung cancer risk (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.65–0.88, p < 0.01). Moreover, lower sun exposure and high latitude associated with lower vitamin D levels. This meta-analysis shows that high vitamin D (or calcium) intake and serum 25(OH)D levels correlate with lower lung cancer risk and better prognosis. UVB and latitude may play a vital role in lung cancer occurrence and progression, although a direct evidence hasn't been obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China
| | - Yongquan Dong
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China
| | - Yina Wang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China
| | - Ling Peng
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China
| | - Mengjie Jiang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310006, China
| | - Yemin Tang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China
| | - Qiong Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China
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Gharibvand L, Lawrence Beeson W, Shavlik D, Knutsen R, Ghamsary M, Soret S, Knutsen SF. The association between ambient fine particulate matter and incident adenocarcinoma subtype of lung cancer. Environ Health 2017; 16:71. [PMID: 28646928 PMCID: PMC5483320 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-017-0268-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenocarcinoma (AC) is the most common lung cancer among non-smokers, but few studies have assessed the effect of PM2.5 on AC among never smokers. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between ambient PM2.5 and incident lung AC in the Adventist Health and Smog Study-2 (AHSMOG-2), a cohort of 80,044 non-smokers (81% never smokers) followed for 7.5 years (597,177 person-years) (2002-2011). METHODS Incident lung AC was identified through linkage with U.S. state cancer registries. Ambient PM2.5 levels at subjects' residences were estimated for the years 2000 and 2001, immediately prior to study start. RESULTS A total of 164 incident lung AC occurred during follow-up. Each 10 μg/m3 increment in PM2.5 was associated with an increase in the hazard rate of lung AC [HR = 1.31 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.87-1.97)] in the single-pollutant model. Excluding those with prevalent non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) strengthened the association with lung AC (HR = 1.62 (95% CI, 1.11-2.36) for each 10 μg/m3 PM2.5 increment. Also, limiting the analyses to subjects who spent more than 1 h/day outdoors, increased the estimate (HR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.30). CONCLUSIONS Increased risk of AC was observed for each 10 μg/m3 increment in ambient PM2.5 concentrations. The risk was higher among those without prevalent NMSC and those who spent more than 1 h/day outdoors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lida Gharibvand
- School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA USA
| | - W. Lawrence Beeson
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA USA
- Adventist Health Study-2, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA USA
| | - David Shavlik
- Center for Community Resilience, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA USA
| | - Raymond Knutsen
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA USA
- Adventist Health Study-2, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA USA
| | - Mark Ghamsary
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA USA
| | - Samuel Soret
- Center for Community Resilience, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA USA
| | - Synnove F. Knutsen
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA USA
- Adventist Health Study-2, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA USA
- Loma Linda University School of Public Health, 24951 North Circle Drive, Nichol Hall 2005, Loma Linda, CA 92350 USA
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Knekt P, Rissanen H, Järvinen R, Heliövaara M. Cohort Profile: The Finnish Mobile Clinic Health Surveys FMC, FMCF and MFS. Int J Epidemiol 2017; 46:1760-1761i. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyx092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Huang JD, Dong CH, Shao SW, Gu TJ, Hu ZL, Ying J, Zhou DF, Xie YP. Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and prognosis of lung cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Bull Cancer 2017; 104:675-682. [PMID: 28587766 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggested a possible influence of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level on the prognosis of lung cancer patients, but conflicting findings were reported. A systematic review and meta-analysis was thus conducted to comprehensively assess the influence of circulating 25(OH)D level on the prognosis of lung cancer patients. METHODS Prospective or retrospective cohort studies assessing the influence of circulating 25(OH)D level on the prognosis of lung cancer patients were considered eligible. Hazard Ratios (HR) were pooled using meta-analysis. RESULTS Eight studies with 2166 lung cancer patients were included. Meta-analysis of unadjusted HRs from four studies showed low circulating 25(OH)D level was significantly correlated with poor overall survival in lung cancer (HR=1.30, 95%CI 1.08-1.55, P=0.004). Meta-analysis of adjusted HRs from eight studies suggested that low circulating 25(OH)D level was not significantly correlated with poor overall survival (HR=1.25; P=0.13). However, sensitivity analysis suggested an obvious change in the pooled HRs when excluding single study by turns. When the study by Liu et al. was omitted, low circulating 25(OH)D level was significantly correlated with poor overall survival (HR=1.34; P=0.04). CONCLUSION The present systematic review and meta-analysis suggested a correlation between low circulating 25(OH)D level and poor overall survival in lung cancer. More studies are needed to further validate the finding above.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Da Huang
- Ningbo N(o) 2 Hospital, Department of Respiratory Medicine, N(o) 41 Northwest Street, Ningbo, 315010 Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao-Hui Dong
- First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Department of Cardiology, N(o) 158 Guangchanghou Road, Huzhou, 313000 Zhejiang, China
| | - Sheng-Wen Shao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Department of Respiratory Medicine, N(o) 158 Guangchanghou Road, 313000 Huzhou, China
| | - Tong-Jie Gu
- Ningbo N(o) 2 Hospital, Department of Respiratory Medicine, N(o) 41 Northwest Street, Ningbo, 315010 Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhi-Lin Hu
- Ningbo N(o) 2 Hospital, Department of Respiratory Medicine, N(o) 41 Northwest Street, Ningbo, 315010 Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Ying
- Ningbo N(o) 2 Hospital, Department of Respiratory Medicine, N(o) 41 Northwest Street, Ningbo, 315010 Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan-Fei Zhou
- Ningbo N(o) 2 Hospital, Department of Respiratory Medicine, N(o) 41 Northwest Street, Ningbo, 315010 Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan-Ping Xie
- First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Department of Respiratory Medicine, N(o) 158 Guangchanghou Road, 313000 Huzhou, China.
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Booth GC, Zhang Z, Shannon J, Bobe G, Takata Y. Calcium Intake and Cancer Risk: Current Evidence and Future Research Directions. Curr Nutr Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13668-017-0193-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Vitamin D-Related Gene Polymorphisms, Plasma 25-Hydroxy-Vitamin D, Cigarette Smoke and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Risk. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17101597. [PMID: 27669215 PMCID: PMC5085630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies regarding the relationship between vitamin D, genetic polymorphisms in the vitamin D metabolism, cigarette smoke and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) risk have not been investigated comprehensively. To search for additional evidence, the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique and radioimmunoassay method were utilized to evaluate 5 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in vitamin D receptor (VDR), 6 SNPs in 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1), 2 SNPs in 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) and 2 SNPs in vitamin D-binding protein (group-specific component, GC) and plasma vitamin D levels in 426 NSCLC cases and 445 controls from China. Exposure to cigarette smoke was ascertained through questionnaire information. Multivariable linear regressions and mixed effects models were used in statistical analysis. The results showed that Reference SNP rs6068816 in CYP24A1, rs1544410 and rs731236 in VDR and rs7041 in GC were statistically significant in relation to reduction in NSCLC risk (p < 0.001-0.05). No significant connection was seen between NSCLC risk and overall plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations, regardless of smoking status. However, the mutation genotype of CYP24A1 rs6068816 and VDR rs1544410 were also significantly associated with increased 25(OH)D levels only in both the smoker and non-smoker cases (p < 0.01-0.05). Meanwhile, smokers and non-smokers with mutated homozygous rs2181874 in CYP24A1 had significantly increased NSCLC risk (odds ratio (OR) = 2.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.47-3.43; p = 0.031; OR = 3.57, 95% CI 2.66-4.74; p = 0.019, respectively). Smokers with mutated homozygous rs10735810 in VDR had significantly increased NSCLC risk (OR = 1.93, 95% CI 1.41-2.76; p = 0.015). However, smokers with mutated homozygous rs6068816 in CYP24A1 had significantly decreased NSCLC risk (OR = 0.43, 95% CI 0.27-1.02; p = 0.006); and smokers and non-smokers with mutated homozygous rs1544410 in VDR had significantly decreased NSCLC risk (OR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.34-1.17; p = 0.002; OR = 0.26, 95% CI 0.20-0.69; p = 0.001, respectively). There are significant joint effects between smoking and CYP24A1 rs2181874, CYP24A1 rs6068816, VDR rs10735810, and VDR rs1544410 (p < 0.01-0.05). Smokers with mutated homozygous rs10735810 in VDR had significantly increased NSCLC risk (OR = 1.93, 95% CI 1.41-2.76; p = 0.015). In summary, the results suggested that the lower the distribution of vitamin D concentration, the more the genetic variations in CYP24A1, VDR and GC genes may be associated with NSCLC risk. In addition, there are significant joint associations of cigarette smoking and vitamin D deficiency on NSCLC risk.
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Ordóñez-Mena JM, Schöttker B, Fedirko V, Jenab M, Olsen A, Halkjær J, Kampman E, de Groot L, Jansen E, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Peeters PH, Siganos G, Wilsgaard T, Perna L, Holleczek B, Pettersson-Kymmer U, Orfanos P, Trichopoulou A, Boffetta P, Brenner H. Pre-diagnostic vitamin D concentrations and cancer risks in older individuals: an analysis of cohorts participating in the CHANCES consortium. Eur J Epidemiol 2016; 31:311-23. [PMID: 25977096 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-015-0040-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The associations of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations with total and site-specific cancer incidence have been examined in several epidemiological studies with overall inconclusive findings. Very little is known about the association of vitamin D with cancer incidence in older populations. We assessed the association of pre-diagnostic serum 25(OH)D levels with incidence of all cancers combined and incidence of lung, colorectal, breast, prostate and lymphoid malignancies among older adults. Pre-diagnostic 25(OH)D concentrations and cancer incidence were available in total for 15,486 older adults (mean age 63, range 50-84 years) participating in two cohort studies: ESTHER (Germany) and TROMSØ (Norway); and a subset of previously published nested-case control data from a another cohort study: EPIC-Elderly (Greece, Denmark, Netherlands, Spain and Sweden) from the CHANCES consortium on health and aging. Cox proportional hazards or logistic regression were used to derive multivariable adjusted hazard and odds ratios, respectively, and their 95% confidence intervals across 25(OH)D categories. Meta-analyses with random effects models were used to pool study-specific risk estimates. Overall, lower 25(OH)D concentrations were not significantly associated with increased incidence of most of the cancers assessed. However, there was some evidence of increased breast cancer and decreased lymphoma risk with higher 25(OH)D concentrations. Our meta-analyses with individual participant data from three large European population-based cohort studies provide at best limited support for the hypothesis that vitamin D may have a major role in cancer development and prevention among European older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Ordóñez-Mena
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Network of Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Veronika Fedirko
- Rollins School of Public Health, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mazda Jenab
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Anja Olsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jytte Halkjær
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ellen Kampman
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lisette de Groot
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eugene Jansen
- Center for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Petra H Peeters
- Division of Epidemiology, Public Health and Primary Care, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Galatios Siganos
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tom Wilsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Laura Perna
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Philippos Orfanos
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- The Tisch Cancer Institute and Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- The German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Kong J, Xu F, Qu J, Wang Y, Gao M, Yu H, Qian B. Genetic polymorphisms in the vitamin D pathway in relation to lung cancer risk and survival. Oncotarget 2016; 6:2573-82. [PMID: 25544771 PMCID: PMC4385872 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have suggested that vitamin D may have protective effects against cancer development or tumor progression. To search for additional evidence, we investigated the role of genetic polymorphisms involved in the vitamin D pathway in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We evaluated common genetic polymorphisms associated with the vitamin D pathway in relation to NSCLC in a case-control study of 603 newly diagnosed NSCLC patients and 661 matched healthy controls. Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped, the expression of CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 were measured in 153 tumor samples and their associations with genotypes and patient survival were also analyzed. In the case-control comparison, we found SNP rs3782130 (CYP27B1), rs7041 (GC), rs6068816 and rs4809957 (CYP24A1) associated with NSCLC risk. The risk of NSCLC was increased with the number of risk alleles. CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 expression were significantly different between tumor and normal tissues in NSCLC. High CYP27B1 expression was associated with better overall survival, and the expression was different by the rs3782130 genotype. The study suggests that some genetic polymorphisms involved in the vitamin D pathway may associate with NSCLC risk, and one of the polymorphisms (rs3782130) may affect gene expression and patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Kong
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Department of Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.,Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangxiu Xu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinli Qu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Herbert Yu
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Biyun Qian
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ma Y, Johnson CS, Trump DL. Mechanistic Insights of Vitamin D Anticancer Effects. VITAMIN D HORMONE 2016; 100:395-431. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Chen GC, Zhang ZL, Wan Z, Wang L, Weber P, Eggersdorfer M, Qin LQ, Zhang W. Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of lung cancer: a dose-response meta-analysis. Cancer Causes Control 2015; 26:1719-28. [PMID: 26358829 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-015-0665-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mounting experimental evidence supports a protective effect of high 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), a good indicator of vitamin D status, on risk of various cancers including lung cancer. However, prospective observational studies examining the 25(OH)D-lung cancer association reported inconsistent findings. A dose-response meta-analysis was carried out to elucidate the subject. METHODS Potentially eligible studies were identified by searching PubMed and EMBASE databases, and by carefully reviewing the bibliographies of retrieved publications. The summary relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the random-effects model. RESULTS Thirteen reports from ten prospective studies were included, totaling 2,227 lung cancer events. Results of the meta-analysis showed a significant 5% (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.91-0.99) reduction in the risk of lung cancer for each 10 nmol/L increment in 25(OH)D concentrations. This inverse association was not significantly modified by area, study duration, sex, methods for 25(OH)D measurement, baseline 25(OH)D levels, or quality score of included studies. There was evidence of a nonlinear relationship between 25(OH)D and risk of lung cancer (p-nonlinearity = 0.02), with the greatest reductions in risk observed at 25(OH)D of nearly 53 nmol/L, and remained protective until approximately 90 nmol/L. Further increases showed no significant association with cancer risk, but scanty data were included in the analyses of high-level 25(OH)D. There was no evidence of publication bias. CONCLUSION This dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies suggests that 25(OH)D may be associated with reduced risk of lung cancer, in particular among subjects with vitamin D deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Chong Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zeng-Li Zhang
- Department of Labor Hygiene and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhongxiao Wan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Special Procurement Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Peter Weber
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., Human Nutrition and Health, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Eggersdorfer
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., Human Nutrition and Health, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | - Li-Qiang Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., Human Nutrition and Health, No. 9 Dongdaqiao Road, Beijing, 100020, China.
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Sakhi AK, Bastani NE, Ellingjord-Dale M, Gundersen TE, Blomhoff R, Ursin G. Feasibility of self-sampled dried blood spot and saliva samples sent by mail in a population-based study. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:265. [PMID: 25886002 PMCID: PMC4428002 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1275-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In large epidemiological studies it is often challenging to obtain biological samples. Self-sampling by study participants using dried blood spots (DBS) technique has been suggested to overcome this challenge. DBS is a type of biosampling where blood samples are obtained by a finger-prick lancet, blotted and dried on filter paper. However, the feasibility and efficacy of collecting DBS samples from study participants in large-scale epidemiological studies is not known. The aim of the present study was to test the feasibility and response rate of collecting self-sampled DBS and saliva samples in a population-based study of women above 50 years of age. METHODS We determined response proportions, number of phone calls to the study center with questions about sampling, and quality of the DBS. We recruited women through a study conducted within the Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Program. Invitations, instructions and materials were sent to 4,597 women. The data collection took place over a 3 month period in the spring of 2009. RESULTS Response proportions for the collection of DBS and saliva samples were 71.0% (3,263) and 70.9% (3,258), respectively. We received 312 phone calls (7% of the 4,597 women) with questions regarding sampling. Of the 3,263 individuals that returned DBS cards, 3,038 (93.1%) had been packaged and shipped according to instructions. A total of 3,032 DBS samples were sufficient for at least one biomarker analysis (i.e. 92.9% of DBS samples received by the laboratory). 2,418 (74.1%) of the DBS cards received by the laboratory were filled with blood according to the instructions (i.e. 10 completely filled spots with up to 7 punches per spot for up to 70 separate analyses). To assess the quality of the samples, we selected and measured two biomarkers (carotenoids and vitamin D). The biomarker levels were consistent with previous reports. CONCLUSION Collecting self-sampled DBS and saliva samples through the postal services provides a low cost, effective and feasible alternative in epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Kaur Sakhi
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0456, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Nasser Ezzatkhah Bastani
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Merete Ellingjord-Dale
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway.
| | | | - Rune Blomhoff
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Clinical Service, Division of Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Giske Ursin
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway.
- Cancer Registry of Norway, P.O. Box 5313, 0304, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, 90032-3628, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Cheng TYD, Goodman GE, Thornquist MD, Barnett MJ, Beresford SAA, LaCroix AZ, Zheng Y, Neuhouser ML. Estimated intake of vitamin D and its interaction with vitamin A on lung cancer risk among smokers. Int J Cancer 2014; 135:2135-45. [PMID: 24622914 PMCID: PMC4293152 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Data are very limited on vitamin D and lung cancer prevention in high-risk populations. The authors investigated whether estimated vitamin D intake was associated with lung cancer risk and whether effect modification by vitamin A existed among current/former heavy smokers and workers with occupational exposure to asbestos. A case-cohort study selected 749 incident lung cancers and 679 noncases from the Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial (CARET), 1988-2005. The active intervention was supplementation of 30 mg β-carotene + 25,000 IU retinyl palmitate/day. Baseline total intake including both diet (from food frequency questionnaire) and personal supplements (from brand names linked to the labeled potencies) was assessed. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated by Cox proportional hazard models. No significant association of total vitamin D intake with lung cancer was observed overall. However, total vitamin D intake ≥600 versus <200 IU/day was associated with a lower risk of non-small cell lung cancer among former smokers [HR = 0.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.13-0.96]. Total vitamin D intake ≥400 versus <400 IU/day was associated with a lower risk of total lung cancer among participants who received the CARET active intervention (HR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.32-0.99) and among those who had total vitamin A intake ≥1,500 µg/day retinol activity equivalent (RAE; HR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.23-0.91). The beneficial associations were attenuated among those who did not receive the CARET active intervention or who had total vitamin A intake <1,500 µg/day RAE (p-interaction = 0.02 for current smokers). Our observation suggests that vitamin A may assist vitamin D in preventing lung cancer among smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yuan David Cheng
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (T-YDC, GEG, MDT, MJB, SAAB, AZL, YZ, MLN) Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (T-YDC, SAAB, AZL, MLN) Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (MDT, YZ)
| | - Gary E. Goodman
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (T-YDC, GEG, MDT, MJB, SAAB, AZL, YZ, MLN) Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (T-YDC, SAAB, AZL, MLN) Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (MDT, YZ)
| | - Mark D. Thornquist
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (T-YDC, GEG, MDT, MJB, SAAB, AZL, YZ, MLN) Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (T-YDC, SAAB, AZL, MLN) Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (MDT, YZ)
| | - Matt J. Barnett
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (T-YDC, GEG, MDT, MJB, SAAB, AZL, YZ, MLN) Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (T-YDC, SAAB, AZL, MLN) Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (MDT, YZ)
| | - Shirley A. A. Beresford
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (T-YDC, GEG, MDT, MJB, SAAB, AZL, YZ, MLN) Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (T-YDC, SAAB, AZL, MLN) Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (MDT, YZ)
| | - Andrea Z. LaCroix
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (T-YDC, GEG, MDT, MJB, SAAB, AZL, YZ, MLN) Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (T-YDC, SAAB, AZL, MLN) Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (MDT, YZ)
| | - Yingye Zheng
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (T-YDC, GEG, MDT, MJB, SAAB, AZL, YZ, MLN) Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (T-YDC, SAAB, AZL, MLN) Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (MDT, YZ)
| | - Marian L. Neuhouser
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (T-YDC, GEG, MDT, MJB, SAAB, AZL, YZ, MLN) Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (T-YDC, SAAB, AZL, MLN) Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (MDT, YZ)
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Shin DY, Kim S, Park S, Koh JS, Kim CH, Baek H, Yang SH, Na II. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels correlate with EGFR mutational status in pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Endocr Relat Cancer 2014; 21:715-21. [PMID: 25030993 DOI: 10.1530/erc-14-0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
There have been several epidemiological studies of the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level and lung cancer risk. We explored the potential association between serum 25(OH)D levels and mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma. We analyzed clinical data from 135 patients whose serum 25(OH)D levels were measured and EGFR mutational status was tested at the time of diagnosis. The relationship between 25(OH)D and clinical factors such as EGFR mutational status and sex was examined. The median serum 25(OH)D level in patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma was 16.8 ng/ml (range: 3.0-84.3 ng/ml). The level of 25(OH)D was lower in female patients than in male patients (P=0.03). Interestingly, 25(OH)D levels of patients with EGFR-mutated tumors were low compared with those with wild-type tumors (median 18.2 vs 14.7 ng/ml, P=0.011). After a dose-response relationship between EGFR mutations and 25(OH)D levels (as a continuous variable) was observed (OR=0.96, P=0.036), we categorized 25(OH)D levels as low (≤16.8 ng/ml) and high (>16.8 ng/ml). Multivariate analysis revealed the association between low 25(OH)D levels and a high incidence of EGFR mutations (adjusted OR=2.42, 95% CI: 1.11-5.26, P=0.026). The results from this study indicate that low 25(OH)D levels are associated with EGFR mutations in pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yeop Shin
- Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-gil, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-706, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Family MedicineDepartment of PathologyDivision of PulmonologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of Thoracic SurgeryKorea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeun Kim
- Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-gil, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-706, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Family MedicineDepartment of PathologyDivision of PulmonologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of Thoracic SurgeryKorea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhoo Park
- Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-gil, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-706, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Family MedicineDepartment of PathologyDivision of PulmonologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of Thoracic SurgeryKorea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Soo Koh
- Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-gil, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-706, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Family MedicineDepartment of PathologyDivision of PulmonologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of Thoracic SurgeryKorea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Hyeon Kim
- Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-gil, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-706, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Family MedicineDepartment of PathologyDivision of PulmonologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of Thoracic SurgeryKorea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HeeJong Baek
- Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-gil, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-706, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Family MedicineDepartment of PathologyDivision of PulmonologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of Thoracic SurgeryKorea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Yang
- Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-gil, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-706, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Family MedicineDepartment of PathologyDivision of PulmonologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of Thoracic SurgeryKorea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Im Il Na
- Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-gil, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-706, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Family MedicineDepartment of PathologyDivision of PulmonologyDepartment of Internal MedicineDepartment of Thoracic SurgeryKorea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Wong YYE, Hyde Z, McCaul KA, Yeap BB, Golledge J, Hankey GJ, Flicker L. In older men, lower plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with reduced incidence of prostate, but not colorectal or lung cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99954. [PMID: 24949795 PMCID: PMC4065010 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Prostate, colorectal and lung cancers are common in men. In this study, we aimed to determine whether vitamin D status is associated with the incidence of these cancers in older men. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS 4208 older men aged 70-88 years in Perth, Western Australia. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration was measured by immunoassay. New diagnoses of prostate, colorectal and lung cancers were determined via electronic record linkage. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 6.7±1.8 years, there were 315, 117 and 101 new diagnoses of prostate, colorectal and lung cancer. In multivariate competing risks proportional hazards models, every 10 nmol/l decrease in 25(OH)D concentration was associated with a 4% reduction in prostate cancer incidence (sub-hazard ratio [SHR] 0.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.92-1.00). Every halving of 25(OH)D concentration was associated with a 21% reduction in incident prostate cancer in multivariate analysis (SHR 0.79, 95% CI 0.63-0.99). Following exclusion of prostate cancer cases diagnosed within 3 years of blood sampling, low 25(OH)D <50 nmol/l was associated with lower incident prostate cancer, and higher 25(OH)D >75 nmol/l was associated with higher incidence, when compared to the reference range 50-75 nmol/l, respectively (p = 0.027). Significant associations were also observed when 25(OH)D was modeled as a quantitative variable. No associations were observed between plasma 25(OH)D concentration with incidence of colorectal or lung cancer. CONCLUSION Lower levels of vitamin D may reduce prostate cancer risk in older men. By contrast, levels of vitamin D did not predict incidence of colorectal or lung cancers. Further studies are needed to determine whether a causal relationship exists between vitamin D and prostate cancer in ageing men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuen Y. E. Wong
- Western Australian Centre for Health and Ageing, Centre for Medical Research, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, Perth, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- * E-mail: (YYEW); (LF)
| | - Zoë Hyde
- Western Australian Centre for Health and Ageing, Centre for Medical Research, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, Perth, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Kieran A. McCaul
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Bu B. Yeap
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Fremantle Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Jonathan Golledge
- The Vascular Biology Unit, Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, School of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University and Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Graeme J. Hankey
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Perth, Australia
| | - Leon Flicker
- Western Australian Centre for Health and Ageing, Centre for Medical Research, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, Perth, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- * E-mail: (YYEW); (LF)
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Konstari S, Kaila-Kangas L, Jääskeläinen T, Heliövaara M, Rissanen H, Marniemi J, Knekt P, Arokoski J, Karppinen J. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the risk of knee and hip osteoarthritis leading to hospitalization: a cohort study of 5274 Finns. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2014; 53:1778-82. [PMID: 24817700 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keu178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] predicts the development of knee or hip OA. METHODS The cohort consisted of 5274 participants in a national health examination survey who had no knee or hip OA at baseline. Information about the incidence of OA was drawn from the National Health Care Register. During the follow-up of 10 years (50 134 person-years), 127 subjects developed incident, physician-diagnosed OA in the knee and 45 in the hip joint. The information on covariates, including age, sex, education, BMI, work load, leisure time physical activity, smoking history, knee or hip complaint during the past month and previous injuries, was gathered at baseline. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were determined from baseline serum samples. RESULTS After adjustment for age and gender, serum 25(OH)D showed statistically significant associations with known risk factors for OA except injuries. In the fully adjusted model, low serum 25(OH)D concentration did not predict increased incidence of knee and hip OA. CONCLUSION The results do not support the hypothesis that low levels of serum 25(OH)D contribute to the development of knee or hip OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanna Konstari
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Leena Kaila-Kangas
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tuija Jääskeläinen
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markku Heliövaara
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Harri Rissanen
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jukka Marniemi
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Paul Knekt
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jari Arokoski
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaro Karppinen
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. Medical Research Center Oulu, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Centre of Expertise for Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu and Helsinki, Department of Health, Functional Capacity and Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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García de Tena J, El Hachem Debek A, Hernández Gutiérrez C, Izquierdo Alonso JL. The Role of Vitamin D in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Asthma and Other Respiratory Diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arbr.2014.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Skaaby T, Husemoen LLN, Thuesen BH, Pisinger C, Jørgensen T, Roswall N, Larsen SC, Linneberg A. Prospective population-based study of the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D levels and the incidence of specific types of cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23:1220-9. [PMID: 24789846 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have suggested an inverse association between vitamin D status and cancer. We investigated the prospective associations between vitamin D status and the total and specific type of cancer in three cohorts from the general Danish population. METHODS A total of 12,204 individuals 18 to 71 years old were included. The level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured at baseline, and information about cancer was obtained from the Danish Cancer Registry. RESULTS During the 11.3-year median follow-up time, there were 1,248 incident cancers. HRs [95% confidence intervals (CI)] per 10 nmol/L higher baseline vitamin D level were: for all cancers (HR = 1.02; 95% CI, 0.99-1.04), all cancers excluding non-melanoma skin cancer, NMSC (HR = 1.00; 95% CI, 0.97-1.03), head and neck cancer (HR = 0.97; 95% CI, 0.84-1.12), colorectal cancer (HR = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.88-1.02), cancer of bronchus and lung (HR = 0.98; 95% CI, 0.91-1.05), breast cancer (HR = 1.02; 95% CI, 0.96-1.09), cancer of the uterus (HR = 1.10; 95% CI, 0.95-1.27), prostate cancer (HR = 1.00; 95% CI, 0.93-1.08), cancer of the urinary organs (HR = 1.01; 95% CI, 0.90-1.14), NMSC (HR = 1.06; 95% CI, 1.02-1.10), and malignant melanoma (HR = 1.06; 95% CI, 0.95-1.17). CONCLUSIONS Apart from a significantly higher risk for NMSC with higher vitamin D status, we found no statistically significant associations between vitamin D status and total or specific cancers. IMPACT Our results do not indicate that there is an impact of vitamin D on total cancer incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tea Skaaby
- Authors' Affiliations: Research Centre for Prevention and Health and
| | | | | | | | - Torben Jørgensen
- Authors' Affiliations: Research Centre for Prevention and Health and Faculty of Health Science and Faculty of Medicine, Alborg University, Alborg
| | - Nina Roswall
- Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen; and
| | - Sofus Christian Larsen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Authors' Affiliations: Research Centre for Prevention and Health and Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen
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García de Tena J, El Hachem Debek A, Hernández Gutiérrez C, Izquierdo Alonso JL. The role of vitamin D in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma and other respiratory diseases. Arch Bronconeumol 2014; 50:179-84. [PMID: 24447429 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2013.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
There has been growing interest in recent years in the extraosseous effects of vitamin D. In this article, we review the physiology of vitamin D, the physiopathological effects associated with vitamin D deficit and the available evidence on its etiopathogenic role in respiratory diseases. Given the pleiotropic actions of vitamin D, it is biologically plausible that the deficit of this vitamin could play a pathogenic role of in the development of various respiratory diseases. However, the many epidemiological studies that have shown an association between low vitamin D levels and a higher risk of developing various respiratory diseases or a poorer prognosis if they do appear, were unable to show causality. Post-hoc analyses of some clinical trials, particularly in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, appear to suggest that some patient subtypes may benefit from correction of a vitamin D deficit. In this respect, it would be interesting to determine if the interindividual differences found in the effect of vitamin D deficit and responses to correcting this deficit could be explained by the genetic variants involved in vitamin D metabolism. Ultimately, only appropriately designed clinical trials will determine whether 25-OHD supplements can prevent or improve the course of the various respiratory diseases in which an epidemiological association between prognosis and vitamin D deficit has been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime García de Tena
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, España; Departamento de Medicina y Especialidades Médicas, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, España.
| | | | | | - José Luis Izquierdo Alonso
- Departamento de Medicina y Especialidades Médicas, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, España; Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, España
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The association of vitamin D supplementation with the risk of cancer in postmenopausal women. Cancer Causes Control 2013; 25:267-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s10552-013-0328-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Zheng Y, Zhu J, Zhou M, Cui L, Yao W, Liu Y. Meta-analysis of long-term vitamin D supplementation on overall mortality. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82109. [PMID: 24349197 PMCID: PMC3857784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction It has been suggested that vitamin D is effective to prevent mortality. However, there is no consistent conclusion that the effects of vitamin D supplementation on all-cause mortality are associated with duration of treatment. We conducted a meta-analysis regarding this issue in an effort to provide a more robust answer. Methods A comprehensive search in a number of databases, including MEDLINE, Embase and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, was conducted for collecting randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on vitamin D supplementation preventing mortality. Two investigators independently screened the literature according to the inclusive and exclusive criteria and the relative data were extracted. Data analysis was performed by using Review Manager 5.0 software. Results Data from forty-two RCT s were included. Vitamin D therapy significantly decreased all-cause mortality with a duration of follow-up longer than 3 years with a RR (95% CI) of 0.94 (0.90–0.98). No benefit was seen in a shorter follow-up periods with a RR (95% CI) of 1.04 (0.97–1.12). Results remain robust after sensitivity analysis. The following subgroups of long-term follow-up had significantly fewer deaths: female only, participants with a mean age younger than 80, daily dose of 800 IU or less, participants with vitamin D insufficiency (baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D level less than 50 nmol/L) and cholecalciferol therapy. In addition, the combination of vitamin D and calcium significantly reduced mortality and vitamin D alone also had a trend to decrease mortality in a longer time follow up. Conclusions The data suggest that supplementation of vitamin D is effective in preventing overall mortality in a long-term treatment, whereas it is not significantly effective in a treatment duration shorter than 3 years. Future studies are needed to identify the efficacy of vitamin D on specific mortality, such as cancer and cardiovascular disease mortality in a long-term treatment duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayuan Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jianhong Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Manru Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Liao Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Weimin Yao
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China
- * (YL); (WY)
| | - Yuyu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China
- * (YL); (WY)
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Cheng TYD, Lacroix AZ, Beresford SAA, Goodman GE, Thornquist MD, Zheng Y, Chlebowski RT, Ho GYF, Neuhouser ML. Vitamin D intake and lung cancer risk in the Women's Health Initiative. Am J Clin Nutr 2013; 98:1002-11. [PMID: 23966428 PMCID: PMC3778856 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.112.055905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research suggests that vitamin D protects against lung cancer only among certain subgroups. OBJECTIVES We investigated whether vitamin D intake was associated with lung cancer and explored whether vitamin A intake modified the association. DESIGN Prospective cohort data from 128,779 postmenopausal women, including 1771 incident lung cancers in the Women's Health Initiative (Clinical Trials and Observational Study) 1993-2010, were analyzed. Twelve percent of women received active intervention (1 g Ca + 400 IU vitamin D3/d) in the Calcium/Vitamin D Trial. Baseline total intake included both dietary intake (from food-frequency questionnaires) and supplement intake (from bottle labels). HRs were estimated by Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS No significant association was observed overall. Among never smokers, a total vitamin D intake ≥400 IU/d was significantly associated with lower risks of lung cancer (HR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.18, 0.77 for ≥800 compared with <100 IU/d; P-trend = 0.01). No significant effect modification of total vitamin A intake on the association between total vitamin D intake and lung cancer was found. However, the Calcium/Vitamin D Trial active intervention was significantly associated with a lower lung cancer risk only among women with a vitamin A intake <1000 μg/d retinol activity equivalents (HR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.50, 0.96; P-interaction = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D intake was associated with a lower lung cancer risk in never-smoking, postmenopausal women. Lower vitamin A intake may be important for a beneficial association of 1 g Ca + 400 IU vitamin D3 supplementation with lung cancer. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00000611.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yuan David Cheng
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA and Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
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Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is associated with osteoporosis and is thought to increase the risk of cancer and CVD. Despite these numerous potential health effects, data on vitamin D status at the population level and within key subgroups are limited. The aims of the present study were to examine patterns of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels worldwide and to assess differences by age, sex and region. In a systematic literature review using the Medline and EMBASE databases, we identified 195 studies conducted in forty-four countries involving more than 168 000 participants. Mean population-level 25(OH)D values varied considerably across the studies (range 4·9-136·2 nmol/l), with 37·3 % of the studies reporting mean values below 50 nmol/l. The highest 25(OH)D values were observed in North America. Although age-related differences were observed in the Asia/Pacific and Middle East/Africa regions, they were not observed elsewhere and sex-related differences were not observed in any region. Substantial heterogeneity between the studies precluded drawing conclusions on overall vitamin D status at the population level. Exploratory analyses, however, suggested that newborns and institutionalised elderly from several regions worldwide appeared to be at a generally higher risk of exhibiting lower 25(OH)D values. Substantial details on worldwide patterns of vitamin D status at the population level and within key subgroups are needed to inform public health policy development to reduce risk for potential health consequences of an inadequate vitamin D status.
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Vitamin D deficiency and the lung: disease initiator or disease modifier? Nutrients 2013; 5:2880-900. [PMID: 23896653 PMCID: PMC3775233 DOI: 10.3390/nu5082880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is a global public health problem and has been associated with an increased incidence and severity of many diseases including diseases of the respiratory system. These associations have largely been demonstrated epidemiologically and have formed the basis of the justification for a large number of clinical supplementation trials with a view to improving disease outcomes. However, the trials that have been completed to date and the ongoing experimental studies that have attempted to demonstrate a mechanistic link between vitamin D deficiency and lung disease have been disappointing. This observation raises many questions regarding whether vitamin D deficiency is truly associated with disease pathogenesis, is only important in the exacerbation of disease or is simply an indirect biomarker of other disease mechanisms? In this review, we will briefly summarize our current understanding of the role of vitamin D in these processes with a focus on lung disease.
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Guan H, Liu C, Chen Z, Wang L, Li C, Zhao J, Yu Y, Zhang P, Chen W, Jiang A. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 up-regulates expression of hsa-let-7a-2 through the interaction of VDR/VDRE in human lung cancer A549 cells. Gene 2013; 522:142-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Salvador JAR, Carvalho JFS, Neves MAC, Silvestre SM, Leitão AJ, Silva MMC, Sá e Melo ML. Anticancer steroids: linking natural and semi-synthetic compounds. Nat Prod Rep 2013; 30:324-74. [PMID: 23151898 DOI: 10.1039/c2np20082a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Steroids, a widespread class of natural organic compounds occurring in animals, plants and fungi, have shown great therapeutic value for a broad array of pathologies. The present overview is focused on the anticancer activity of steroids, which is very representative of a rich structural molecular diversity and ability to interact with various biological targets and pathways. This review encompasses the most relevant discoveries on steroid anticancer drugs and leads through the last decade and comprises 668 references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A R Salvador
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Polo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-508, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Afzal S, Bojesen SE, Nordestgaard BG. Low plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of tobacco-related cancer. Clin Chem 2013; 59:771-80. [PMID: 23503722 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2012.201939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco smoke chemicals may influence vitamin D metabolism and function, and conversely vitamin D may modify the carcinogenicity of tobacco smoke chemicals. We tested the hypothesis that lower plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is associated with a higher risk of tobacco-related cancer in the general population. METHODS A prospective population-based cohort of 9791 individuals from the Copenhagen City Heart Study who were free of cancer at baseline was followed from 1981-1983 until December 2008 with 100% complete follow-up. RESULTS During up to 28 years of follow-up, 1081 participants developed a tobacco-related cancer and 1506 developed other cancers. Decreasing 25(OH)D concentrations, subdivided by clinical categories or by seasonally adjusted percentile categories, were associated with increasing cumulative incidence of tobacco-related cancer (log-rank trend P = 2 × 10(-6) and P = 5 × 10(-9)). Multivariable adjusted hazard ratios of tobacco-related cancer were 1.75 (95% CI, 1.33-2.30) for 25(OH)D <5 vs ≥20 ng/mL, and 2.07 (1.63-2.62) for ≤5th vs >66th percentile. Also, multivariable adjusted hazard ratios for a 50% reduction in 25(OH)D were 1.20 (1.13-1.28) for any tobacco-related cancer, 1.19 (95% CI, 1.09-1.31) for lung cancer, 1.44 (1.19-1.73) for head and neck cancer, 1.28 (1.06-1.54) for bladder cancer, 1.34 (1.04-1.73) for kidney cancer, and 0.95 (0.89-1.01) for other cancers. CONCLUSIONS Lower plasma 25(OH)D was associated with higher risk of tobacco-related cancers, but not with risk of other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Afzal
- The Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ordóñez-Mena JM, Schöttker B, Haug U, Müller H, Köhrle J, Schomburg L, Holleczek B, Brenner H. Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Cancer Risk in Older Adults: Results from a Large German Prospective Cohort Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2013; 22:905-16. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-12-1332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Sunlight, vitamin D and the prevention of cancer: a systematic review of epidemiological studies. Eur J Cancer Prev 2013; 18:458-75. [PMID: 19730382 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0b013e32832f9bb1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The number of studies reporting beneficial effects of sunlight and vitamin D on several types of cancer with a high mortality rate is growing rapidly. Present health recommendations on sun exposure are mainly based on the increased risks for skin cancer. We reviewed all published studies concerning cancer and sun exposure and vitamin D, respectively, excluding those about skin cancer. Most identified ecological, case-control and prospective studies on the incidence and mortality of colorectal, prostate, breast carcinoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma reported a significantly inverse association with sun exposure. The results of the included studies on the association between cancer risk and vitamin D were much less consistent. Only those studies that prospectively examined the 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels in relation to risk of colorectal cancer are homogeneous: they all reported inverse associations, although not all reaching statistical significance. The results of the intervention studies are suggestive of a protective role of high doses of vitamin D in cancer, but they have been criticized in the literature. We, therefore, conclude that there is accumulating evidence for sunlight as a protective factor for several types of cancer. The same conclusion can be made concerning high vitamin D levels and the risk of colorectal cancer. This evidence, however, is not conclusive, because the number of (good quality) studies is still limited and publication biases cannot be excluded. The discrepancies between the epidemiological evidence for a possible preventive effect of sunlight and vitamin D and the question of how to apply the findings on the beneficial effects of sunlight to (public) health recommendations are discussed.
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Mutlu H, Büyükçelik A, Kaya E, Kibar M, Seyrek E, Yavuz S, Calikuşu Z. Sunlight may increase the FDG uptake value in primary tumors of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2013; 5:773-776. [PMID: 23426076 PMCID: PMC3576219 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, positron emission tomography with computerized tomography (PET-CT) is the most sensitive technique for detecting extracranial metastases in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It has been reported that there is a correlation between the maximal standardized uptake value (SUV(max)) of primary tumors and prognosis in patients with NSCLC. The effect of sunlight exposure on PET-CT SUV(max) value is not known. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of sunlight exposure on PET-CT SUV(max) value in patients with NSCLC. A total of 290 patients with NSCLC from two different regions of Turkey (Kayseri, n=168 and Adana, n=122) that have different climate and sunlight exposure intensity, were included in the study. Age, gender, histology of cancer, cancer stage, smoking status, comorbidity and SUV(max) of the primary tumor area at the time of staging were evaluated as prognostic factors. In the multivariate analysis, we detected that the region was the only independent factor affecting SUV(max) (P=0.019). We identified that warmer climate and more sunlight exposure significantly increases the SUV(max) value of the primary tumor area in patients with NSCLC. Further studies are warranted to clarify the issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Mutlu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Acibadem Kayseri Hospital, Kayseri 38000
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Vitamin D status and cause-specific mortality: a general population study. PLoS One 2012; 7:e52423. [PMID: 23285034 PMCID: PMC3527503 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in observational studies. The specific causes of death underlying this association lack clarity. We investigated the association between vitamin D status and cause-specific mortality. Methods We included a total of 9,146 individuals from the two population-based studies, Monica10 and Inter99, conducted in 1993–94 and 1999–2001, respectively. Vitamin D status was assessed as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Information on causes of death was obtained from The Danish Register of Causes of Death until 31 December 2009. There were a total of 832 deaths (median follow-up 10.3 years). Results Multivariable Cox regression analyses with age as underlying time axis and vitamin D quartiles showed significant associations between vitamin D status and death caused by diseases of the respiratory system, the digestive system, and endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases with hazard ratios (HRs) 0.26 (ptrend = 0.0042), 0.28 (ptrend = 0.0040), and 0.21 (ptrend = 0.035), respectively, for the fourth vitamin D quartile compared to the first. We found non-significantly lower HRs for death caused by mental and behavioural diseases and diseases of the nervous system, but no association between vitamin D status and death caused by neoplasms or diseases of the circulatory system. Conclusion The associations of vitamin D status and cause-specific mortality suggest that we also look elsewhere (than to cardiovascular disease and cancer) to explain the inverse association between vitamin D status and mortality.
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