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Boon D, Goodman JE, Colonna KJ, Espira LM, Prueitt RL. A systematic review of the epidemiology evidence on talc and cancer. Crit Rev Toxicol 2024; 54:394-417. [PMID: 38868996 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2024.2351081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Over the past several decades, there have been many epidemiology studies on talc and cancer published in the scientific literature, and several reviews and meta-analyses of talc and respiratory, female reproductive, and stomach cancers, specifically. To help provide a resource for the evaluation of talc as a potential human carcinogen, we applied a consistent set of examination methods and criteria for all epidemiology studies that examined the association between talc exposure (by various routes) and cancers (of various types). We identified 30 cohort, 35 case-control, and 12 pooled studies that evaluated occupational, medicinal, and personal-care product talc exposure and cancers of the respiratory system, the female reproductive tract, the gastrointestinal tract, the urinary system, the lymphohematopoietic system, the prostate, male genital organs, and the central nervous system, as well as skin, eye, bone, connective tissue, peritoneal, and breast cancers. We tabulated study characteristics, quality, and results in a systematic manner, and evaluated all cancer types for which studies of at least three unique populations were available in a narrative review. We focused on study quality aspects most likely to impact the interpretation of results. We found that only one study, of medicinal talc use, evaluated direct exposure measurements for any individuals, though some used semi-quantitative exposure metrics, and few studies adequately assessed potential confounders. The only consistent associations were with ovarian cancer in case-control studies and these associations were likely impacted by recall and potentially other biases. This systematic review indicates that epidemiology studies do not support a causal association between occupational, medicinal, or personal talc exposure and any cancer in humans.
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Phung MT, Lee AW, McLean K, Anton-Culver H, Bandera EV, Carney ME, Chang-Claude J, Cramer DW, Doherty JA, Fortner RT, Goodman MT, Harris HR, Jensen A, Modugno F, Moysich KB, Pharoah PDP, Qin B, Terry KL, Titus LJ, Webb PM, Wu AH, Zeinomar N, Ziogas A, Berchuck A, Cho KR, Hanley GE, Meza R, Mukherjee B, Pike MC, Pearce CL, Trabert B. A framework for assessing interactions for risk stratification models: the example of ovarian cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2023; 115:1420-1426. [PMID: 37436712 PMCID: PMC10637032 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djad137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Generally, risk stratification models for cancer use effect estimates from risk/protective factor analyses that have not assessed potential interactions between these exposures. We have developed a 4-criterion framework for assessing interactions that includes statistical, qualitative, biological, and practical approaches. We present the application of this framework in an ovarian cancer setting because this is an important step in developing more accurate risk stratification models. Using data from 9 case-control studies in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of interactions among 15 unequivocal risk and protective factors for ovarian cancer (including 14 non-genetic factors and a 36-variant polygenic score) with age and menopausal status. Pairwise interactions between the risk/protective factors were also assessed. We found that menopausal status modifies the association among endometriosis, first-degree family history of ovarian cancer, breastfeeding, and depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate use and disease risk, highlighting the importance of understanding multiplicative interactions when developing risk prediction models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Tung Phung
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alice W Lee
- Department of Public Health, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, USA
| | - Karen McLean
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Elm & Carlton Streets, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Michael E Carney
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Cancer Epidemiology Group, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel W Cramer
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Anne Doherty
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Renee T Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marc T Goodman
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cancer Prevention and Genetics Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Community and Population Health Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Holly R Harris
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Allan Jensen
- Department of Lifestyle, Reproduction and Cancer, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee-Women’s Research Institute and Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburg, PA, USA
| | - Kirsten B Moysich
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Department of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Centre, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bo Qin
- Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Kathryn L Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Linda J Titus
- Public Health, Muskie School of Public Service, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME, USA
| | - Penelope M Webb
- Population Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nur Zeinomar
- Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Argyrios Ziogas
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kathleen R Cho
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gillian E Hanley
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rafael Meza
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Bhramar Mukherjee
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Malcolm C Pike
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Celeste Leigh Pearce
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Britton Trabert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Cancer Control and Populations Sciences Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Phung MT, Pearce CL, Meza R, Jeon J. Trends of Ovarian Cancer Incidence by Histotype and Race/Ethnicity in the United States 1992-2019. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:1-8. [PMID: 36968229 PMCID: PMC10035532 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The effect of risk factors on ovarian cancer differs by histotype, and the prevalence of such risk factors varies by race/ethnicity. It is not clear how ovarian cancer incidence has changed over time by histotype and race/ethnicity. We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER-12) 1992-2019 data to examine the trend of ovarian cancer incidence for three histotypes (high-grade serous N = 19,691, endometrioid N = 3,212, and clear cell N = 3,275) and four racial/ethnic groups (Asian/Pacific Islander, Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, and non-Hispanic White). Joinpoint and age-period-cohort analyses were conducted to analyze ovarian cancer incidence trends. High-grade serous cancer was the most common histotype, but its incidence has significantly decreased over time for all racial/ethnic groups; the decrease was largest for non-Hispanic White women (average annual percent change AAPC during 2010-2019 = -6.1; 95% confidence interval (CI), -8.0 to -4.2). Conversely, clear cell cancer was most common in the Asian/Pacific Islanders, and its incidence has increased over time, particularly among Hispanic and Asian/Pacific Islander women (AAPC during 2010-2019 = 2.8; 95% CI, 0.8 to 4.7, and AAPC = 1.5; 95% CI, 0.7 to 2.2, respectively). Endometrioid cancer incidence has decreased in non-Hispanic White but increased in Hispanic women (AAPC during 2010-2019 = -1.3; 95% CI, -1.9 to -0.8, and AAPC = 3.6; 95% CI, 1.0 to 6.3, respectively). The differential incidence trends by histotype and race/ethnicity underscore the need to monitor incidence and risk factor trends across different groups and develop targeted preventive interventions to reduce the burden of ovarian cancer and disparity by race/ethnicity. Significance During 1992-2019, high-grade serous ovarian cancer incidence has decreased while clear cell cancer incidence has increased regardless of race/ethnicity. Endometrioid cancer incidence has decreased in non-Hispanic White but increased in Hispanic women. Differential ovarian cancer incidence trends highlight the need for targeted preventive interventions by histotype and race/ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Tung Phung
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Rafael Meza
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jihyoun Jeon
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Cramer DW. The association of talc use and ovarian cancer: biased or causal. Gynecol Oncol Rep 2022; 41:100896. [PMID: 35769495 PMCID: PMC9235036 DOI: 10.1016/j.gore.2021.100896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Wright MA, Moore KR, Upson K, Baird DD, Chin HB. Douching or Perineal Talc Use and Prevalent Fibroids in Young African American Women. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2021; 30:1729-1735. [PMID: 33667128 PMCID: PMC8721508 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2020.8524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Black women are at an increased risk of developing fibroids, but the cause is unclear. Douching and perineal talc use are common lifestyle exposures among Black women, and may be risk factors for fibroid development. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of Black women 23-35 years of age in the metropolitan Detroit area (n = 1693) without prior diagnoses of fibroids and intact uteri. Main exposures were ever douching (yes/no) and any perineal talc use (ever/never). Main outcomes were prevalent fibroids at baseline (yes/no) and total fibroid volume at baseline (no fibroids/
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya A. Wright
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kristen R. Moore
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kristen Upson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Donna D. Baird
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Helen B. Chin
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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Davis CP, Bandera EV, Bethea TN, Camacho F, Joslin CE, Wu AH, Beeghly-Fadiel A, Moorman PG, Myers ER, Ochs-Balcom HM, Peres LC, Rosenow WT, Setiawan VW, Rosenberg L, Schildkraut JM, Harris HR. Genital Powder Use and Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer in the Ovarian Cancer in Women of African Ancestry Consortium. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021; 30:1660-1668. [PMID: 34155063 PMCID: PMC8419086 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genital powder use is more common among African-American women; however, studies of genital powder use and ovarian cancer risk have been conducted predominantly in White populations, and histotype-specific analyses among African-American populations are limited. METHODS We used data from five studies in the Ovarian Cancer in Women of African Ancestry consortium. Participants included 620 African-American cases, 1,146 African-American controls, 2,800 White cases, and 6,735 White controls who answered questions on genital powder use prior to 2014. The association between genital powder use and ovarian cancer risk by race was estimated using logistic regression. RESULTS The prevalence of ever genital powder use for cases was 35.8% among African-American women and 29.5% among White women. Ever use of genital powder was associated with higher odds of ovarian cancer among African-American women [OR = 1.22; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.97-1.53] and White women (OR = 1.36; 95% CI = 1.19-1.57). In African-American women, the positive association with risk was more pronounced among high-grade serous tumors (OR = 1.31; 95% CI = 1.01-1.71) than with all other histotypes (OR = 1.05; 95% CI = 0.75-1.47). In White women, a significant association was observed irrespective of histotype (OR = 1.33; 95% CI = 1.12-1.56 and OR = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.15-1.66, respectively). CONCLUSIONS While genital powder use was more prevalent among African-American women, the associations between genital powder use and ovarian cancer risk were similar across race and did not materially vary by histotype. IMPACT This is one of the largest studies to date to compare the associations between genital powder use and ovarian cancer risk, overall and by histotype, between African-American and White women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colette P Davis
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Traci N Bethea
- Office of Minority Health and Health Disparities Research, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Campus, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Fabian Camacho
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Charlotte E Joslin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Medicine and Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Anna H Wu
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Patricia G Moorman
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Evan R Myers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Heather M Ochs-Balcom
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York
| | - Lauren C Peres
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Will T Rosenow
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Veronica W Setiawan
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Lynn Rosenberg
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joellen M Schildkraut
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Holly R Harris
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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Wentzensen N, O'Brien KM. Talc, body powder, and ovarian cancer: A summary of the epidemiologic evidence. Gynecol Oncol 2021; 163:199-208. [PMID: 34366148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2021.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Many women apply powder to the genital area as a drying agent. Talc, an inert mineral with a high capacity to absorb water, has historically been a major component of body powders. Due to its similarity and co-occurrence with asbestos, the association of body powder/talc use and gynecological cancer risk, specifically ovarian cancer risk, has been a long-standing research question. Retrospective case-control studies have shown associations between genital powder use and ovarian cancer risk, with summary relative risk estimates from meta-analyses and pooled analyses ranging from 1.24 to 1.35 for ever versus never use. In contrast, prospective cohort studies have not shown a statistically significant association until recently, when a pooled analysis of four large cohorts demonstrated a weak, but statistically significant association among women with patent reproductive tracts (hazard ratio 1.13). Taken together, the epidemiological data from case-control studies and cohort studies suggest that there may be a small, positive association between genital powder use and ovarian cancer. The causal factors underlying this association are not clear. Proposed factors include talc, other minerals, such as asbestos or quartz, that are known carcinogens and may contaminate talc products, or other powder ingredients that could cause inflammation of the reproductive tracts. Given the rarity of ovarian cancer in the general population, the small increase in relative risk translates to a very low increase in absolute risk. Further research is needed to understand the underpinnings of the observed association between genital powder use and ovarian cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States of America.
| | - Katie M O'Brien
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States of America
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Bethea TN, Ochs-Balcom HM, Bandera EV, Beeghly-Fadiel A, Camancho F, Chyn D, Cloyd EK, Harris HR, Joslin CE, Myers E, Moorman PG, Peres LC, Rosenow W, Setiawan VW, Wu AH, Rosenberg L, Schildkraut JM. First- and second-degree family history of ovarian and breast cancer in relation to risk of invasive ovarian cancer in African American and white women. Int J Cancer 2021; 148:2964-2973. [PMID: 33521947 PMCID: PMC8353974 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Family history (FH) of ovarian cancer and breast cancer are well-established risk factors for ovarian cancer, but few studies have examined this association in African American (AA) and white women by histotype. We assessed first- and second-degree FH of ovarian and breast cancer and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in the Ovarian Cancer in Women of African Ancestry Consortium. Analyses included 1052 AA cases, 2328 AA controls, 2380 white cases and 3982 white controls. Race-specific odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multilevel logistic regression with adjustment for covariates. Analyses were stratified by histotype (high-grade serous vs others). First-degree FH of ovarian cancer was associated with high-grade serous carcinoma in AA (OR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.50, 3.59) and white women (OR = 2.48, 95% CI: 1.82, 3.38). First-degree FH of breast cancer increased risk irrespective of histotype in AAs, but with high-grade serous carcinoma only in white women. Associations with second-degree FH of ovarian cancer were observed for overall ovarian cancer in white women and with high-grade serous carcinoma in both groups. First-degree FH of ovarian cancer and of breast cancer, and second-degree FH of ovarian cancer is strongly associated with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma in AA and white women. The association of FH of breast cancer with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma is similar in white women and AA women, but may differ for other histotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Traci N. Bethea
- Office of Minority Health and Health Disparities Research, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Campus, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Heather M. Ochs-Balcom
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Elisa V. Bandera
- Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Fabian Camancho
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Deanna Chyn
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Emily K. Cloyd
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Holly R. Harris
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Charlotte E. Joslin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Medicine and Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Evan Myers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Patricia G. Moorman
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lauren C. Peres
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Will Rosenow
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Veronica W. Setiawan
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Anna H. Wu
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lynn Rosenberg
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joellen M. Schildkraut
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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9
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Serous Ovarian Cancer Caused by Exposure to Asbestos and Fibrous Talc in Cosmetic Talc Powders-A Case Series. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 62:e65-e77. [PMID: 31868762 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Asbestos is a known cause of ovarian cancer. We report 10 cases of serous ovarian cancer among users of Johnson & Johnson (J&J) asbestos-containing "cosmetic" talc products. METHODS We conducted an asbestos exposure assessment during talc application and analyzed surgical tissues and talc containers for asbestos and talc. RESULTS Talc was found in all cases and tremolite and/or anthophyllite asbestos was found in 8/10 cases. The asbestos fibers found in the "cosmetic" talc containers matched those found in tissues. We estimated inhaled asbestos dose ranged from 0.38 to 5.18 fiber years. CONCLUSION We provide evidence that the inhaled dose of asbestos/fibrous talc from "cosmetic" talc use causes ovarian cancer. The unique combination of the types of asbestiform minerals detected in cancerous tissue and "cosmetic" talc is a fingerprint for exposure to asbestos-containing talc.
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10
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Peres LC, Bethea TN, Camacho TF, Bandera EV, Beeghly-Fadiel A, Chyn DL, Harris HR, Joslin CE, Moorman PG, Myers E, Ochs-Balcom HM, Rosenow W, Setiawan VW, Wu AH, Rosenberg L, Schildkraut JM. Racial Differences in Population Attributable Risk for Epithelial Ovarian Cancer in the OCWAA Consortium. J Natl Cancer Inst 2020; 113:710-718. [PMID: 33252629 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djaa188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The causes of racial disparities in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) incidence remain unclear. Differences in the prevalence of ovarian cancer risk factors may explain disparities in EOC incidence among African American (AA) and White women. METHODS We used data from 4 case-control studies and 3 case-control studies nested within prospective cohorts in the Ovarian Cancer in Women of African Ancestry Consortium to estimate race-specific associations of 10 known or suspected EOC risk factors using logistic regression. Using the Bruzzi method, race-specific population attributable risks (PAR) were estimated for each risk factor individually and collectively, including groupings of exposures (reproductive factors and modifiable factors). All statistical tests were 2-sided. RESULTS Among 3244 White EOC cases and 9638 controls and 1052 AA EOC cases and 2410 controls, AA women had a statistically significantly higher PAR (false discovery rate [FDR] P < .001) for first-degree family history of breast cancer (PAR = 10.1%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.5% to 13.7%) compared with White women (PAR = 2.6%, 95% CI = 0.8% to 4.4%). After multiple test correction, AA women had a higher PAR than White women when evaluating all risk factors collectively (PAR = 61.6%, 95% CI = 48.6% to 71.3% vs PAR = 43.0%, 95% CI = 32.8% to 51.4%, respectively; FDR P = .06) and for modifiable exposures, including body mass index, oral contraceptives, aspirin, and body powder (PAR = 36.0%, 95% CI = 21.0% to 48.8% vs PAR = 13.8%, 95% CI = 4.5% to 21.8%, respectively; FDR P = .04). CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the selected risk factors accounted for slightly more of the risk among AA than White women, and interventions to reduce EOC incidence that are focused on multiple modifiable risk factors may be slightly more beneficial to AA women than White women at risk for EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren C Peres
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Traci N Bethea
- Office of Minority Health and Health Disparities Research, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Campus, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Tareq F Camacho
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Deanna L Chyn
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Holly R Harris
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Charlotte E Joslin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Medicine and Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Patricia G Moorman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Evan Myers
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Heather M Ochs-Balcom
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Will Rosenow
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - V Wendy Setiawan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lynn Rosenberg
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joellen M Schildkraut
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Sarink D, Wu AH, Le Marchand L, White KK, Park SY, Setiawan VW, Hernandez BY, Wilkens LR, Merritt MA. Racial/Ethnic Differences in Ovarian Cancer Risk: Results from the Multiethnic Cohort Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:2019-2025. [PMID: 32732248 PMCID: PMC7541726 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incidence rates of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) vary across racial/ethnic groups, yet little is known about the impact of hormone-related EOC risk factors in non-Whites. METHODS Among 91,625 female Multiethnic Cohort Study participants, 155 incident EOC cases were diagnosed in Whites, 93 in African Americans, 57 in Native Hawaiians, 161 in Japanese Americans, and 141 in Latinas. We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between race/ethnicity and EOC risk and between hormone-related factors and EOC risk across racial/ethnic groups. RESULTS Compared with Whites, African Americans and Japanese Americans had a lower multivariable-adjusted EOC risk; Native Hawaiians had a suggestive higher risk. Parity and oral contraceptive (OC) use were inversely associated with EOC risk (P int race/ethnicity ≥ 0.43); associations were strongest among Japanese Americans (e.g., ≥4 vs. 0 children; HR = 0.45; CI, 0.26-0.79). Age at natural menopause and postmenopausal hormone (PMH) use were not associated with EOC risk in the overall population, but were positively associated with risk in Latinas (e.g., ≥5 years vs. never PMH use; HR = 2.13; CI, 1.30-3.49). CONCLUSIONS We observed strong associations with EOC risk for parity and OC use in Japanese Americans and PMH use and age at natural menopause in Latinas. However, differences in EOC risk among racial/ethnic groups were not fully explained by established hormone-related risk factors. IMPACT Our study indicates there are racial/ethnic differences in EOC risk and risk factors, and could help improve prevention strategies for non-White women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danja Sarink
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Kami K White
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Song-Yi Park
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - V Wendy Setiawan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Brenda Y Hernandez
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Lynne R Wilkens
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Melissa A Merritt
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii.
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13
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Goodman JE, Kerper LE, Prueitt RL, Marsh CM. A critical review of talc and ovarian cancer. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2020; 23:183-213. [PMID: 32401187 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2020.1755402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The association between perineal talc use and ovarian cancer has been evaluated in several epidemiology studies. Some case-control studies reported weak positive associations, while other case-control and three large prospective cohort investigations found this association to be null. A weight-of-evidence evaluation was conducted of the epidemiology, toxicity, exposure, transport, in vitro, and mechanistic evidence to determine whether, collectively, these data support a causal association. Our review of the literature indicated that, while both case-control and cohort studies may be impacted by bias, the possibility of recall and other biases from the low participation rates and retrospective self-reporting of talc exposure cannot be ruled out for any of the case-control studies. The hypothesis that talc exposure induces ovarian cancer is only supported if one discounts the null results of the cohort studies and the fact that significant bias and/or confounding are likely reasons for the associations reported in some case-control investigations. In addition, one would need to ignore the evidence from animal experiments that show no marked association with cancer, in vitro and genotoxicity studies that did not indicate a carcinogenic mechanism of action for talc, and mechanistic and transport investigations that did not support the retrograde transport of talc to the ovaries. An alternative hypothesis that talc does not produce ovarian cancer, and that bias and confounding contribute the reported positive associations in case-control studies, is better supported by the evidence across all scientific disciplines. It is concluded that the evidence does not support a causal association between perineal talc use and ovarian cancer.
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Lee AW, Wu AH, Wiensch A, Mukherjee B, Terry KL, Harris HR, Carney ME, Jensen A, Cramer DW, Berchuck A, Doherty JA, Modugno F, Goodman MT, Alimujiang A, Rossing MA, Cushing-Haugen KL, Bandera EV, Thompson PJ, Kjaer SK, Hogdall E, Webb PM, Huntsman DG, Moysich KB, Lurie G, Ness RB, Stram DO, Roman L, Pike MC, Pearce CL. Estrogen Plus Progestin Hormone Therapy and Ovarian Cancer: A Complicated Relationship Explored. Epidemiology 2020; 31:402-408. [PMID: 32028322 PMCID: PMC7584395 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menopausal estrogen-alone therapy is a risk factor for endometrial and ovarian cancers. When a progestin is included with the estrogen daily (continuous estrogen-progestin combined therapy), there is no increased risk of endometrial cancer. However, the effect of continuous estrogen-progestin combined therapy on risk of ovarian cancer is less clear. METHODS We pooled primary data from five population-based case-control studies in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, including 1509 postmenopausal ovarian cancer cases and 2295 postmenopausal controls. Information on previous menopausal hormonal therapy use, as well as ovarian cancer risk factors, was collected using in-person interviews. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between use of continuous estrogen-progestin combined therapy and risk of ovarian cancer by duration and recency of use and disease histotype. RESULTS Ever postmenopausal use of continuous estrogen-progestin combined therapy was not associated with increased risk of ovarian cancer overall (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.72, 1.0). A decreased risk was observed for mucinous ovarian cancer (OR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.18, 0.91). The other main ovarian cancer histotypes did not show an association (endometrioid: OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.57, 1.3, clear cell: OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.40, 1.2; serous: OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.80, 1.2). CONCLUSIONS Given that estrogen-alone therapy has been shown to be associated with increased risk of ovarian cancer, these findings are consistent with the hypothesis that adding a progestin each day ameliorates the carcinogenic effects of estrogen on the cells of origin for all histotypes of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice W. Lee
- Department of Public Health, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, USA
| | - Anna H. Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ashley Wiensch
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bhramar Mukherjee
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kathryn L. Terry
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Holly R. Harris
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael E. Carney
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Allan Jensen
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel W. Cramer
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer Anne Doherty
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Ovarian Cancer Center of Excellence, Womens Cancer Research Program, Magee-Womens Research Institute and Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Marc T. Goodman
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Community and Population Health Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aliya Alimujiang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mary Anne Rossing
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kara L. Cushing-Haugen
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elisa V. Bandera
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Pamela J. Thompson
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Susanne K. Kjaer
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Gynaecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Estrid Hogdall
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Penelope M. Webb
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David G. Huntsman
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- OVCARE, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Centre, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gyencology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kirstin B. Moysich
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Galina Lurie
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Roberta B. Ness
- University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel O. Stram
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lynda Roman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Malcolm C. Pike
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Celeste Leigh Pearce
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Taher MK, Farhat N, Karyakina NA, Shilnikova N, Ramoju S, Gravel CA, Krishnan K, Mattison D, Wen SW, Krewski D. Data on systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiologic evidence on the association between perineal use of talc powder and risk of ovarian cancer. Data Brief 2020; 29:105277. [PMID: 32140504 PMCID: PMC7049564 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes data from a systematic review and meta-analysis [1] conducted to identify and evaluate published peer reviewed evidence on the association between perineal use of talc powder and risk of ovarian cancer. These data were collected from multiple electronic bibliographic databases, as well as from grey literature sources, without applying time, language or other filters. A meta-analysis was conducted to quantitatively assess the ovarian cancer risk in relation to talc use and other potential risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Kadry Taher
- Risk Sciences International, 251 Laurier Ave W, Suite 700, Ottawa, ON K1P 5J6, Canada
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Nawal Farhat
- Risk Sciences International, 251 Laurier Ave W, Suite 700, Ottawa, ON K1P 5J6, Canada
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Nataliya A. Karyakina
- Risk Sciences International, 251 Laurier Ave W, Suite 700, Ottawa, ON K1P 5J6, Canada
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Nataliya Shilnikova
- Risk Sciences International, 251 Laurier Ave W, Suite 700, Ottawa, ON K1P 5J6, Canada
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Siva Ramoju
- Risk Sciences International, 251 Laurier Ave W, Suite 700, Ottawa, ON K1P 5J6, Canada
| | - Christopher A. Gravel
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, 1020 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Qc, H3A 1A2, Canada
| | - Kannan Krishnan
- Risk Sciences International, 251 Laurier Ave W, Suite 700, Ottawa, ON K1P 5J6, Canada
| | - Donald Mattison
- Risk Sciences International, 251 Laurier Ave W, Suite 700, Ottawa, ON K1P 5J6, Canada
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Shi-Wu Wen
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
- OMNI Research Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Daniel Krewski
- Risk Sciences International, 251 Laurier Ave W, Suite 700, Ottawa, ON K1P 5J6, Canada
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
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Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most fatal cancers diagnosed in women in the United States (U.S.). Data from national databases, including the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program, show racial/ethnic differences in risk and survival of epithelial ovarian cancer with higher incidence among white women yet worse survival among African-American women compared to other racial/ethnic groups. The reasons for these differences are not well understood, but are likely multi-factorial. Epidemiologic studies suggest there may be some risk factor differences across racial/ethnic groups that would explain differences in the incidence of this rare and heterogeneous disease. Likewise, although data suggest that socioeconomic factors and access to care contribute to the disparity in ovarian cancer survival among African-American women, there are likely other contributing factors that have not as of yet been identified. Small sample sizes of minority women from individual studies do not provide adequate power to evaluate fully the contributions of environmental, genetic, and clinical factors associated with ovarian cancer risk and survival within these groups. Pooling existing data from individual epidemiologic studies has made a valuable contribution; however, new data collection is warranted to further our understanding of the underpinnings of the disparities in ovarian cancer that may lead to prevention and improved survival across all racial/ethnic groups.
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Schildkraut JM, Peres LC, Bethea TN, Camacho F, Chyn D, Cloyd EK, Bandera EV, Beeghly-Fadiel A, Lipworth L, Joslin CE, Davis FG, Moorman PG, Myers E, Ochs-Balcom HM, Setiawan VW, Pike MC, Wu AH, Rosenberg L. Ovarian Cancer in Women of African Ancestry (OCWAA) consortium: a resource of harmonized data from eight epidemiologic studies of African American and white women. Cancer Causes Control 2019; 30:967-978. [PMID: 31236792 PMCID: PMC7325484 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-019-01199-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although the incidence rate of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is somewhat lower in African American (AA) than white women, survival is worse. The Ovarian Cancer in Women of African Ancestry (OCWAA) consortium will overcome small, study-specific sample sizes to better understand racial differences in EOC risk and outcomes. METHODS We harmonized risk factors and prognostic characteristics from eight U.S. STUDIES the North Carolina Ovarian Cancer Study (NCOCS), the Los Angeles County Ovarian Cancer Study (LACOCS), the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study (AACES), the Cook County Case-Control Study (CCCCS), the Black Women's Health Study (BWHS), the Women's Health Initiative (WHI), the Multiethnic Cohort Study (MEC), and the Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS). RESULTS Determinants of disparities for risk and survival in 1,146 AA EOC cases and 2,922 AA controls will be compared to 3,368 white EOC cases and 10,270 white controls. Analyses include estimation of population-attributable risk percent (PAR%) by race. CONCLUSION OCWAA is uniquely positioned to study the epidemiology of EOC in AA women compared with white women to address disparities. Studies of EOC have been underpowered to address factors that may explain AA-white differences in the incidence and survival. OCWAA promises to provide novel insight into disparities in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joellen M Schildkraut
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, PO Box 800765, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
| | - Lauren C Peres
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Traci N Bethea
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fabian Camacho
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, PO Box 800765, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Deanna Chyn
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, PO Box 800765, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Emily K Cloyd
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, PO Box 800765, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Department of Population Science, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Loren Lipworth
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Charlotte E Joslin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Faith G Davis
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Patricia G Moorman
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Evan Myers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Heather M Ochs-Balcom
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Malcolm C Pike
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lynn Rosenberg
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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18
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Kadry Taher M, Farhat N, Karyakina NA, Shilnikova N, Ramoju S, Gravel CA, Krishnan K, Mattison D, Wen SW, Krewski D. Critical review of the association between perineal use of talc powder and risk of ovarian cancer. Reprod Toxicol 2019; 90:88-101. [PMID: 31472245 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2019.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Over the past four decades, there has been increasing concern that perineal use of talc powder, a commonly used personal care product, might be associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer. OBJECTIVES To critically review all available human epidemiological data on the relationship between perineal use of talc powder and ovarian cancer, with consideration of other relevant experimental evidence. METHODOLOGY We identified 30 human studies for qualitative assessment of evidence, including 27 that were retained for further quantitative analysis. RESULTS A positive association between perineal use of talc powder and ovarian cancer was found [OR: 1.28 (95% CI: 1.20-1.37)]. A significant risk was noted in Hispanics and Whites, in women applying talc to underwear, in pre-menopausal women and in post-menopausal women receiving hormonal therapy. A negative association was noted with tubal ligation. CONCLUSION Perineal use of talc powder is a possible cause of human ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Kadry Taher
- Risk Sciences International, 251 Laurier Ave W, Suite 700, Ottawa, ON, K1P 5J6, Canada; McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada.
| | - Nawal Farhat
- Risk Sciences International, 251 Laurier Ave W, Suite 700, Ottawa, ON, K1P 5J6, Canada; McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Nataliya A Karyakina
- Risk Sciences International, 251 Laurier Ave W, Suite 700, Ottawa, ON, K1P 5J6, Canada; McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Nataliya Shilnikova
- Risk Sciences International, 251 Laurier Ave W, Suite 700, Ottawa, ON, K1P 5J6, Canada; McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Siva Ramoju
- Risk Sciences International, 251 Laurier Ave W, Suite 700, Ottawa, ON, K1P 5J6, Canada
| | - Christopher A Gravel
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, 1020 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A2, Canada
| | - Kannan Krishnan
- Risk Sciences International, 251 Laurier Ave W, Suite 700, Ottawa, ON, K1P 5J6, Canada
| | - Donald Mattison
- Risk Sciences International, 251 Laurier Ave W, Suite 700, Ottawa, ON, K1P 5J6, Canada; McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Shi-Wu Wen
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada; OMNI Research Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; G. Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daniel Krewski
- Risk Sciences International, 251 Laurier Ave W, Suite 700, Ottawa, ON, K1P 5J6, Canada; McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
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HIGH-RISK INTRAOCULAR RETINOBLASTOMA: Comparison Between Asian Indians and Americans From Two Major Referral Centers. Retina 2019; 38:2023-2029. [PMID: 28834944 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000001816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the differences in the clinical and histopathologic features in eyes with advanced intraocular retinoblastoma in a developing country (India) versus a developed country (USA). METHODS Retrospective study. RESULTS Of 524 patients with retinoblastoma who underwent primary enucleation, 331 were from India, and 193 were from the USA. Asian Indians were older at presentation (35 months vs. 29 months; P = 0.02), had thicker tumors (13.8 mm vs. 12.4 mm; P = 0.0001) compared with Americans. High-risk intraocular retinoblastoma was more common in Asian Indians with a 2-fold greater risk compared with Americans (35% vs. 23%; odds ratio = 1.83; P = 0.003). Statistically significant differences in the histopathologic features (Asian Indians vs. Americans) included massive (≥3 mm) choroidal infiltration (17% vs. 6%; P = 0.0003) and optic nerve infiltration (48% vs. 15%; P = 0.0001). Asian Indians had a 5-fold greater risk of having optic nerve invasion (odds ratio = 5.45; P < 0.0001) and 3-fold greater risk of massive choroidal invasion (odds ratio = 2.80; P < 0.0001) compared with Americans. With appropriate use of adjuvant systemic chemotherapy, the difference in the rates of systemic metastasis (5% vs. 2%, P = 0.67) and related death in both countries (5% vs. 0%, P = 0.14) were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION High-risk intraocular retinoblastoma is more common in Asian Indians compared with Americans.
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Lawrenson K, Song F, Hazelett DJ, Kar SP, Tyrer J, Phelan CM, Corona RI, Rodríguez-Malavé NI, Seo JH, Adler E, Coetzee SG, Segato F, Fonseca MAS, Amos CI, Carney ME, Chenevix-Trench G, Choi J, Doherty JA, Jia W, Jin GJ, Kim BG, Le ND, Lee J, Li L, Lim BK, Adenan NA, Mizuno M, Park B, Pearce CL, Shan K, Shi Y, Shu XO, Sieh W, Thompson PJ, Wilkens LR, Wei Q, Woo YL, Yan L, Karlan BY, Freedman ML, Noushmehr H, Goode EL, Berchuck A, Sellers TA, Teo SH, Zheng W, Matsuo K, Park S, Chen K, Pharoah PDP, Gayther SA, Goodman MT. Genome-wide association studies identify susceptibility loci for epithelial ovarian cancer in east Asian women. Gynecol Oncol 2019; 153:343-355. [PMID: 30898391 PMCID: PMC6754211 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have focused largely on populations of European ancestry. We aimed to identify common germline variants associated with EOC risk in Asian women. METHODS Genotyping was performed as part of the OncoArray project. Samples with >60% Asian ancestry were included in the analysis. Genotyping was performed on 533,631 SNPs in 3238 Asian subjects diagnosed with invasive or borderline EOC and 4083 unaffected controls. After imputation, genotypes were available for 11,595,112 SNPs to identify associations. RESULTS At chromosome 6p25.2, SNP rs7748275 was associated with risk of serous EOC (odds ratio [OR] = 1.34, P = 8.7 × 10-9) and high-grade serous EOC (HGSOC) (OR = 1.34, P = 4.3 × 10-9). SNP rs6902488 at 6p25.2 (r2 = 0.97 with rs7748275) lies in an active enhancer and is predicted to impact binding of STAT3, P300 and ELF1. We identified additional risk loci with low Bayesian false discovery probability (BFDP) scores, indicating they are likely to be true risk associations (BFDP <10%). At chromosome 20q11.22, rs74272064 was associated with HGSOC risk (OR = 1.27, P = 9.0 × 10-8). Overall EOC risk was associated with rs10260419 at chromosome 7p21.3 (OR = 1.33, P = 1.2 × 10-7) and rs74917072 at chromosome 2q37.3 (OR = 1.25, P = 4.7 × 10-7). At 2q37.3, expression quantitative trait locus analysis in 404 HGSOC tissues identified ESPNL as a putative candidate susceptibility gene (P = 1.2 × 10-7). CONCLUSION While some risk loci were shared between East Asian and European populations, others were population-specific, indicating that the landscape of EOC risk in Asian women has both shared and unique features compared to women of European ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Lawrenson
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite 290W, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars Sinai Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Fengju Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Dennis J Hazelett
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars Sinai Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Siddhartha P Kar
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jonathan Tyrer
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Catherine M Phelan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Rosario I Corona
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite 290W, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars Sinai Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Norma I Rodríguez-Malavé
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars Sinai Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ji-Hei Seo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Adler
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, 1450 Biggy Street, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Simon G Coetzee
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars Sinai Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Felipe Segato
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Marcos A S Fonseca
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor School of Medicine, Houston,TX, USA
| | - Michael E Carney
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Genetics and Computational Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Jiyeob Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jennifer A Doherty
- Jon M. and Karen Huntsman Endowed Associate Professor in Cancer Research Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, USA
| | - Weihua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Gang J Jin
- ShanghaiBio Corporation, Shanghai, China; CloudHealth Genomics Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Byoung-Gie Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Nhu D Le
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Juyeon Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Lian Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Boon K Lim
- The Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor A Adenan
- The Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mika Mizuno
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Boyoung Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Celeste L Pearce
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kang Shan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,Hebei Medical University, Fourth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yongyong Shi
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pamela J Thompson
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lynne R Wilkens
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, HI, USA
| | - Qingyi Wei
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yin L Woo
- The Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Fourth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Beth Y Karlan
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite 290W, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matthew L Freedman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Houtan Noushmehr
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil; Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ellen L Goode
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Thomas A Sellers
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan
| | - Sue Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kexin Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK; Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
| | - Simon A Gayther
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars Sinai Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marc T Goodman
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Community and Population Health Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Torre LA, Trabert B, DeSantis CE, Miller KD, Samimi G, Runowicz CD, Gaudet MM, Jemal A, Siegel RL. Ovarian cancer statistics, 2018. CA Cancer J Clin 2018; 68:284-296. [PMID: 29809280 PMCID: PMC6621554 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2016] [Impact Index Per Article: 336.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2018, there will be approximately 22,240 new cases of ovarian cancer diagnosed and 14,070 ovarian cancer deaths in the United States. Herein, the American Cancer Society provides an overview of ovarian cancer occurrence based on incidence data from nationwide population-based cancer registries and mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics. The status of early detection strategies is also reviewed. In the United States, the overall ovarian cancer incidence rate declined from 1985 (16.6 per 100,000) to 2014 (11.8 per 100,000) by 29% and the mortality rate declined between 1976 (10.0 per 100,000) and 2015 (6.7 per 100,000) by 33%. Ovarian cancer encompasses a heterogenous group of malignancies that vary in etiology, molecular biology, and numerous other characteristics. Ninety percent of ovarian cancers are epithelial, the most common being serous carcinoma, for which incidence is highest in non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) (5.2 per 100,000) and lowest in non-Hispanic blacks (NHBs) and Asians/Pacific Islanders (APIs) (3.4 per 100,000). Notably, however, APIs have the highest incidence of endometrioid and clear cell carcinomas, which occur at younger ages and help explain comparable epithelial cancer incidence for APIs and NHWs younger than 55 years. Most serous carcinomas are diagnosed at stage III (51%) or IV (29%), for which the 5-year cause-specific survival for patients diagnosed during 2007 through 2013 was 42% and 26%, respectively. For all stages of epithelial cancer combined, 5-year survival is highest in APIs (57%) and lowest in NHBs (35%), who have the lowest survival for almost every stage of diagnosis across cancer subtypes. Moreover, survival has plateaued in NHBs for decades despite increasing in NHWs, from 40% for cases diagnosed during 1992 through 1994 to 47% during 2007 through 2013. Progress in reducing ovarian cancer incidence and mortality can be accelerated by reducing racial disparities and furthering knowledge of etiology and tumorigenesis to facilitate strategies for prevention and early detection. CA Cancer J Clin 2018;68:284-296. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey A. Torre
- Senior Epidemiologist, Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Britton Trabert
- Earl Stadtman Investigator, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Carol E. DeSantis
- Director, Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Surveillance, Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Kimberly D. Miller
- Epidemiologist, Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Goli Samimi
- Program Director, Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Research Group, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Carolyn D. Runowicz
- Executive Associate Dean for Academic Affairs and Professor, Florida International University Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Mia M. Gaudet
- Strategic Director, Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Research, Behavioral and Epidemiologic Research Group, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ahmedin Jemal
- Vice President, Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Rebecca L. Siegel
- Strategic Director, Surveillance Information Services, Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
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Peres LC, Risch H, Terry KL, Webb PM, Goodman MT, Wu AH, Alberg AJ, Bandera EV, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Bondy ML, Cote ML, Funkhouser E, Moorman PG, Peters ES, Schwartz AG, Terry PD, Manichaikul A, Abbott SE, Camacho F, Jordan SJ, Nagle CM, Rossing MA, Doherty JA, Modugno F, Moysich K, Ness R, Berchuck A, Cook L, Le N, Brooks-Wilson A, Sieh W, Whittemore A, McGuire V, Rothstein J, Anton-Culver H, Ziogas A, Pearce CL, Tseng C, Pike M, Schildkraut JM. Racial/ethnic differences in the epidemiology of ovarian cancer: a pooled analysis of 12 case-control studies. Int J Epidemiol 2018; 47:460-472. [PMID: 29211900 PMCID: PMC5913601 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyx252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer incidence differs substantially by race/ethnicity, but the reasons for this are not well understood. Data were pooled from the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study (AACES) and 11 case-control studies in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC) to examine racial/ethnic differences in epidemiological characteristics with suspected involvement in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) aetiology. Methods We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate associations for 17 reproductive, hormonal and lifestyle characteristics and EOC risk by race/ethnicity among 10 924 women with invasive EOC (8918 Non-Hispanic Whites, 433 Hispanics, 911 Blacks, 662 Asian/Pacific Islanders) and 16 150 controls (13 619 Non-Hispanic Whites, 533 Hispanics, 1233 Blacks, 765 Asian/Pacific Islanders). Likelihood ratio tests were used to evaluate heterogeneity in the risk factor associations by race/ethnicity. Results We observed statistically significant racial/ethnic heterogeneity for hysterectomy and EOC risk (P = 0.008), where the largest odds ratio (OR) was observed in Black women [OR = 1.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.34-2.02] compared with other racial/ethnic groups. Although not statistically significant, the associations for parity, first-degree family history of ovarian or breast cancer, and endometriosis varied by race/ethnicity. Asian/Pacific Islanders had the greatest magnitude of association for parity (≥3 births: OR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.28-0.54), and Black women had the largest ORs for family history (OR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.42-2.21) and endometriosis (OR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.65-3.55). Conclusions Although racial/ethnic heterogeneity was observed for hysterectomy, our findings support the validity of EOC risk factors across all racial/ethnic groups, and further suggest that any racial/ethnic population with a higher prevalence of a modifiable risk factor should be targeted to disseminate information about prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren C Peres
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Harvey Risch
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kathryn L Terry
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Penelope M Webb
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Marc T Goodman
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute
- Community and Population Health Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anthony J Alberg
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Jill Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michele L Cote
- Karmanos Cancer Institute Population Studies and Disparities Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ellen Funkhouser
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Patricia G Moorman
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Edward S Peters
- Department of Epidemiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Public Health, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ann G Schwartz
- Karmanos Cancer Institute Population Studies and Disparities Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Paul D Terry
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Medical Center, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Sarah E Abbott
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Fabian Camacho
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Susan J Jordan
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Christina M Nagle
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Mary Anne Rossing
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Francesmary Modugno
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Ovarian Cancer Center of Excellence, Magee-Womens Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kirsten Moysich
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Roberta Ness
- University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Linda Cook
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | - Angela Brooks-Wilson
- Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy and Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alice Whittemore
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Valerie McGuire
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Rothstein
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy and Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Celeste L Pearce
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Chiuchen Tseng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Malcom Pike
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joellen M Schildkraut
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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Trabert B. Body Powder and Ovarian Cancer Risk-What Is the Role of Recall Bias? Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018; 25:1369-1370. [PMID: 27697794 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Britton Trabert
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD.
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Functional long non-coding RNAs associated with gastric cancer susceptibility and evaluation of the epidemiological efficacy in a central Chinese population. Gene 2018; 646:227-233. [PMID: 29305976 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.12.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIM To screen and validate the gastric cancer-associated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). METHODS Based on case-control design, we select the differentially expressed lncRNAs by bioinformation tools and validate SNPs in lncRNAs genes in population. Attributable risk percentage (ARP) and population attributable risk percentage (PARP) were used to assess the effect of epidemiology. RESULTS Four lncRNAs with SNPs (lnc-EVX1-3:3 (rs1859168), lnc-MACC1-1:7 (rs3815254), lnc-AMFR-1:1 (rs4784659) and lnc-ZNF33B-2:1 (rs579501)) were selected to be validated in population. The unconditional multiple logistic regression based on the dominant (odds ratio, OR=0.64, 95%confidence interval, 95%CI: 0.47-0.86) and recessive genetic model (OR=1.77, 95%CI: 1.34-2.35) showed rs1859168 was significantly associated with lower risk of gastric cancer. The dominant (OR=0.42, 95%CI:0.31-0.57) and additive (OR=0.52, 95%CI:0.40-0.67) genetic model revealed that rs4784659 decreased the risk of gastric cancer. Similarly, the dominant (OR=0.72, 95%CI: 0.52-0.98) and additive (OR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.56-0.97) genetic model showed the individuals with rs579501 had reduced risk of gastric cancer. Whereas no statistical association between rs3815254 and gastric cancer. ARP and PARP for gastric cancer associated with rs1859168 in dominant model (56.25%, 33.05%), and in recessive model (43.50% and 29.37%). For rs4784659, ARP and PARP were 138.09% and 10.39% in dominant model, 92.31% and 8.76% in additive model. For rs579501, ARP and PARP were 38.89% and 4.03% in dominant model, 36.99% and 3.88% in additive model. CONCLUSION Our findings showed rs4784659, rs579501 and rs1859168 reduced the susceptibility of gastric cancer. From epidemiological perspective, the lncRNAs with SNPs attenuate the development of gastric cancer.
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Wu AH, Pearce CL, Lee AW, Tseng C, Jotwani A, Patel P, Pike MC. Timing of births and oral contraceptive use influences ovarian cancer risk. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:2392-2399. [PMID: 28748634 PMCID: PMC7560976 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Increasing parity and duration of combined oral contraceptive (COC) use provide substantial protection against ovarian carcinoma (cancer). There are limited data on the impact of the age of the births or age of COC use on reducing ovarian cancer risk. Here, we examined the effects of age at first and last births and age at use of COCs using data from studies conducted in Los Angeles County, California, USA (1,632 cases, 2,340 controls). After adjusting for the number of births, every 5 years that a first birth was delayed reduced the risk of ovarian cancer by 13% (95% CI 5-21%; p = 0.003); a first birth after age 35 was associated with a 47% lower risk than a first birth before age 25. COC use before age 35 was associated with greater protection per year of use than COC use at older ages. Considering previously published results as well as the results presented here, increasing parity and a later age at births are both important protective factors against ovarian cancer and the protection extends over 30 or more years from last birth. Current models of the etiology of ovarian cancer do not encompass an effect of late age at births. Our result of an attenuation of the protective effect with COC use after around age 35 needs further investigation as it has not been seen in all studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna H. Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Celeste Leigh Pearce
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Alice W. Lee
- Department of Health Science, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA
| | - Chiuchen Tseng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Anjali Jotwani
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Prusha Patel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Malcolm C. Pike
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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The environmental injustice of beauty: framing chemical exposures from beauty products as a health disparities concern. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 217:418.e1-418.e6. [PMID: 28822238 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The obstetrics-gynecology community has issued a call to action to prevent toxic environmental chemical exposures and their threats to healthy human reproduction. Recent committee opinions recognize that vulnerable and underserved women may be impacted disproportionately by environmental chemical exposures and recommend that reproductive health professionals champion policies that secure environmental justice. Beauty product use is an understudied source of environmental chemical exposures. Beauty products can include reproductive and developmental toxicants such as phthalates and heavy metals; however, disclosure requirements are limited and inconsistent. Compared with white women, women of color have higher levels of beauty product-related environmental chemicals in their bodies, independent of socioeconomic status. Even small exposures to toxic chemicals during critical periods of development (such as pregnancy) can trigger adverse health consequences (such as impacts on fertility and pregnancy, neurodevelopment, and cancer). In this commentary, we seek to highlight the connections between environmental justice and beauty product-related chemical exposures. We describe racial/ethnic differences in beauty product use (such as skin lighteners, hair straighteners, and feminine hygiene products) and the potential chemical exposures and health risks that are associated with these products. We also discuss how targeted advertising can take advantage of mainstream beauty norms to influence the use of these products. Reproductive health professionals can use this information to advance environmental justice by being prepared to counsel patients who have questions about toxic environmental exposures from beauty care products and other sources. Researchers and healthcare providers can also promote health-protective policies such as improved ingredient testing and disclosure for the beauty product industry. Future clinical and public health research should consider beauty product use as a factor that may shape health inequities in women's reproductive health across the life course.
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McNamara C, Abbott SE, Bandera EV, Qin B, Peres LC, Camacho F, Moorman PG, Alberg AJ, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Bondy M, Cote ML, Funkhouser E, Peters ES, Schwartz AG, Schildkraut JM, Terry P. Tubal ligation and ovarian cancer risk in African American women. Cancer Causes Control 2017; 28:1033-1041. [PMID: 28871344 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-017-0943-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tubal ligation has been associated with reduced risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in studies of primarily white women, but less is known about the association in African American (AA) women. We sought to evaluate the associations among 597 invasive ovarian cancer cases and 742 controls of AA descent recruited from the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study, a population-based case-control study in 11 geographical areas in the US. METHODS Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for potentially confounding factors. RESULTS An inverse association between tubal ligation and EOC was observed that was not statistically significant (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.68-1.14). However, an inverse association with EOC risk was observed among women who had a tubal ligation at age 35 years or older (OR 0.64; 95% CI 0.41-0.98), but not among those who had a tubal ligation before age 35 (OR 0.98; 95% CI 0.74-1.29) (p for interaction = 0.08). The association also varied considerably by tumor subtype. A strong inverse association was observed for endometrioid tumors (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.14-0.70), whereas associations with mucinous (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.36-2.12) and serous (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.71-1.24) tumors were weaker and not statistically significant. A statistically non-significant positive association for clear cell tumors (OR 1.84, 95% CI 0.58-5.82) was based on a low number of cases. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that tubal ligation may confer a reduced risk for EOC among AA women that is comparable to the associations that have been previously observed in primarily white populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrissy McNamara
- Georgia Comprehensive Cancer Registry, Georgia Department of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sarah E Abbott
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Department of Population Science, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Bo Qin
- Department of Population Science, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Lauren C Peres
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Fabian Camacho
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Patricia G Moorman
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Anthony J Alberg
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Melissa Bondy
- Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michele L Cote
- Department of Oncology and the Karmanos Cancer Institute, Population Studies and Disparities Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ellen Funkhouser
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Edward S Peters
- Epidemiology Program, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Public Health, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ann G Schwartz
- Department of Oncology and the Karmanos Cancer Institute, Population Studies and Disparities Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Joellen M Schildkraut
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Paul Terry
- Department of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, 1924 Alcoa Highway Box U-114, Knoxville, TN, 37920, USA.
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Abstract
Adnexal masses (ie, masses of the ovary, fallopian tube, or surrounding tissues) commonly are encountered by obstetrician-gynecologists and often present diagnostic and management dilemmas. Most adnexal masses are detected incidentally on physical examination or at the time of pelvic imaging. Less commonly, a mass may present with symptoms of acute or intermittent pain. Management decisions often are influenced by the age and family history of the patient. Although most adnexal masses are benign, the main goal of the diagnostic evaluation is to exclude malignancy. The purpose of this document is to provide guidelines for the evaluation and management of adnexal masses in adolescents, pregnant women, and nonpregnant women and to outline criteria for the identification of adnexal masses that are likely to be malignant and may warrant referral to or consultation with a gynecologic oncologist.
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31
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A prospective study of reproductive factors and exogenous hormone use in relation to ovarian cancer risk among Black women. Cancer Causes Control 2016; 28:385-391. [PMID: 28025764 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-016-0840-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Extensive data in White women have linked oral contraceptive use, tubal ligation, and parity to reduced risk of ovarian cancer; results on postmenopausal female hormone use are mixed. Few studies, all of which are case-control studies, have been undertaken among Black women. The aim of the present study was to prospectively assess associations of reproductive factors and exogenous hormones with ovarian cancer among Black women. METHODS During follow-up from 1995 to 2013 in the Black Women's Health Study, a prospective cohort study, 115 incident cases of ovarian cancer were identified. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the relation of the factors of interest to risk of ovarian cancer, with control for covariates. RESULT Oral contraceptive use was inversely associated with ovarian cancer risk: The HR for ≥10 years of use relative to <1 year was 0.50 (95% CI 0.30-0.98). For postmenopausal female hormone use, the HRs for ever use of estrogen with progestin and of estrogen alone were 1.37 (0.73-2.55) and 1.66 (0.90-3.07), respectively. The HRs for parity and tubal ligation were below 1.0, but were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Overall, the findings indicate that the relation of reproductive factors and exogenous hormone use to risk of ovarian cancer is similar among Black and White women. The results on estrogen-only supplements and estrogen with progestin supplements add to evidence from Whites, indicating that use of hormone supplements may be associated with increased risk of ovarian cancer.
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Moorman PG, Alberg AJ, Bandera EV, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Bondy M, Cote ML, Funkhouser E, Peters ES, Schwartz AG, Terry P, Crankshaw S, Wang F, Schildkraut JM. Reproductive factors and ovarian cancer risk in African-American women. Ann Epidemiol 2016; 26:654-62. [PMID: 27528178 PMCID: PMC5035608 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Reproductive characteristics, the most established ovarian cancer risk factors, differ markedly between African-American and white women. Studies in predominantly white populations suggest that associations between reproductive characteristics and ovarian cancer vary by timing of the events and menopause status. This analysis examined associations between number, duration, and timing of reproductive events and epithelial ovarian cancer among African-American women. METHODS Data from a multicenter case-control study of ovarian cancer in African-American women (641 cases/752 controls) were used to examine associations with oral contraceptive (OC) use and pregnancy characteristics. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associated with reproductive characteristics were calculated with logistic regression models. RESULTS OC use (OR = 0.7, 95% CI 0.5-0.9), parity (OR = 0.5, 95% CI 0.3-0.6), and breastfeeding for >12 months (OR = 0.3, 95% CI 0.2-0.5) were inversely associated with ovarian cancer. More recent pregnancies and OC use had stronger associations with ovarian cancer than pregnancies or OC use that occurred earlier in life, especially among premenopausal women. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first thorough documentation that pregnancy, breastfeeding, and OC use are inversely associated with ovarian cancer in African-American women, similar to what has been observed in white women. The associations with timing of the exposures suggest that these factors have both short- and long-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia G Moorman
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.
| | - Anthony J Alberg
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Department of Population Science, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick
| | - Jill Barnholtz-Sloan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Melissa Bondy
- Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Michele L Cote
- Department of Oncology and the Karmanos Cancer Institute Population Studies and Disparities Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Ellen Funkhouser
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham
| | - Edward S Peters
- Epidemiology Program, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Public Health, New Orleans
| | - Ann G Schwartz
- Department of Oncology and the Karmanos Cancer Institute Population Studies and Disparities Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Paul Terry
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Knoxville
| | - Sydnee Crankshaw
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Frances Wang
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
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33
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Cannioto R, LaMonte MJ, Risch HA, Hong CC, Sucheston-Campbell LE, Eng KH, Brian Szender J, Chang-Claude J, Schmalfeldt B, Klapdor R, Gower E, Minlikeeva AN, Zirpoli GR, Bandera EV, Berchuck A, Cramer D, Doherty JA, Edwards RP, Fridley BL, Goode EL, Goodman MT, Hogdall E, Hosono S, Jensen A, Jordan S, Kjaer SK, Matsuo K, Ness RB, Olsen CM, Olson SH, Leigh Pearce C, Pike MC, Anne Rossing M, Szamreta EA, Thompson PJ, Tseng CC, Vierkant RA, Webb PM, Wentzensen N, Wicklund KG, Winham SJ, Wu AH, Modugno F, Schildkraut JM, Terry KL, Kelemen LE, Moysich KB. Chronic Recreational Physical Inactivity and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Risk: Evidence from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016; 25:1114-24. [PMID: 27197285 PMCID: PMC4930728 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-15-1330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite a large body of literature evaluating the association between recreational physical activity and epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk, the extant evidence is inconclusive, and little is known about the independent association between recreational physical inactivity and EOC risk. We conducted a pooled analysis of nine studies from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium to investigate the association between chronic recreational physical inactivity and EOC risk. METHODS In accordance with the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, women reporting no regular, weekly recreational physical activity were classified as inactive. Multivariable logistic regression was utilized to estimate the ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between inactivity and EOC risk overall and by subgroups based upon histotype, menopausal status, race, and body mass index. RESULTS The current analysis included data from 8,309 EOC patients and 12,612 controls. We observed a significant positive association between inactivity and EOC risk (OR = 1.34; 95% CI, 1.14-1.57), and similar associations were observed for each histotype. CONCLUSIONS In this large pooled analysis examining the association between recreational physical inactivity and EOC risk, we observed consistent evidence of an association between chronic inactivity and all EOC histotypes. IMPACT These data add to the growing body of evidence suggesting that inactivity is an independent risk factor for cancer. If the apparent association between inactivity and EOC risk is substantiated, additional work via targeted interventions should be pursued to characterize the dose of activity required to mitigate the risk of this highly fatal disease. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(7); 1114-24. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikki Cannioto
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Michael J LaMonte
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Harvey A Risch
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Chi-Chen Hong
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | | | - Kevin H Eng
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - J Brian Szender
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Schmalfeldt
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ruediger Klapdor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany
| | - Emily Gower
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York. Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Albina N Minlikeeva
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York. Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Gary R Zirpoli
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Daniel Cramer
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer A Doherty
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Medical, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Robert P Edwards
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Ovarian Cancer Center of Excellence, Women's Cancer Research Program, Magee-Women's Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Brooke L Fridley
- Biostatistics and Informatics Shared Resource, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Ellen L Goode
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Marc T Goodman
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Estrid Hogdall
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle, and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark. Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Satoyo Hosono
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Allan Jensen
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle, and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susan Jordan
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Susanne K Kjaer
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle, and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Gynaecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Roberta B Ness
- The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
| | - Catherine M Olsen
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sara H Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Malcolm C Pike
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Mary Anne Rossing
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Elizabeth A Szamreta
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Pamela J Thompson
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Chiu-Chen Tseng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Robert A Vierkant
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Penelope M Webb
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Kristine G Wicklund
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stacey J Winham
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Ovarian Cancer Center of Excellence, Women's Cancer Research Program, Magee-Women's Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Joellen M Schildkraut
- Department of Public Health Sciences, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Kathryn L Terry
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Linda E Kelemen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Kirsten B Moysich
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York.
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Cannioto RA, LaMonte MJ, Kelemen LE, Risch HA, Eng KH, Minlikeeva AN, Hong CC, Szender JB, Sucheston-Campbell L, Joseph JM, Berchuck A, Chang-Claude J, Cramer DW, DeFazio A, Diergaarde B, Dörk T, Doherty JA, Edwards RP, Fridley BL, Friel G, Goode EL, Goodman MT, Hillemanns P, Hogdall E, Hosono S, Kelley JL, Kjaer SK, Klapdor R, Matsuo K, Odunsi K, Nagle CM, Olsen CM, Paddock LE, Pearce CL, Pike MC, Rossing MA, Schmalfeldt B, Segal BH, Szamreta EA, Thompson PJ, Tseng CC, Vierkant R, Schildkraut JM, Wentzensen N, Wicklund KG, Winham SJ, Wu AH, Modugno F, Ness RB, Jensen A, Webb PM, Terry K, Bandera EV, Moysich KB. Recreational physical inactivity and mortality in women with invasive epithelial ovarian cancer: evidence from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium. Br J Cancer 2016; 115:95-101. [PMID: 27299959 PMCID: PMC4931371 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about modifiable behaviours that may be associated with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) survival. We conducted a pooled analysis of 12 studies from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium to investigate the association between pre-diagnostic physical inactivity and mortality. METHODS Participants included 6806 women with a primary diagnosis of invasive EOC. In accordance with the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, women reporting no regular, weekly recreational physical activity were classified as inactive. We utilised Cox proportional hazard models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) representing the associations of inactivity with mortality censored at 5 years. RESULTS In multivariate analysis, inactive women had significantly higher mortality risks, with (HR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.18-1.52) and without (HR=1.22, 95% CI: 1.12-1.33) further adjustment for residual disease, respectively. CONCLUSION In this large pooled analysis, lack of recreational physical activity was associated with increased mortality among women with invasive EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikki A Cannioto
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Michael J LaMonte
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Linda E Kelemen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Harvey A Risch
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kevin H Eng
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Albina N Minlikeeva
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Chi-Chen Hong
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - J Brian Szender
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Lara Sucheston-Campbell
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Janine M Joseph
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Unit of Genetic Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Germany and University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel W Cramer
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anna DeFazio
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital and The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brenda Diergaarde
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jennifer A Doherty
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Medical, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Robert P Edwards
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Ovarian Cancer Center of Excellence, Women's Cancer Research Program, Magee-Women's Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Brooke L Fridley
- Biostatistics and Informatics Shared Resource, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | | | - Ellen L Goode
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marc T Goodman
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Hannover Medical School, Clinics of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Hannover, Germany
| | - Estrid Hogdall
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Satoyo Hosono
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Joseph L Kelley
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Susanne K Kjaer
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Gynaecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rüdiger Klapdor
- Hannover Medical School, Clinics of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Hannover, Germany
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Christina M Nagle
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Catherine M Olsen
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lisa E Paddock
- New Jersey State Cancer Registry, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Celeste L Pearce
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Malcolm C Pike
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary A Rossing
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Barbara Schmalfeldt
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Brahm H Segal
- Departments of Immunology and Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Szamreta
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Pamela J Thompson
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chiu-Chen Tseng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert Vierkant
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Joellen M Schildkraut
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Clinical Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kristine G Wicklund
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stacey J Winham
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Ovarian Cancer Center of Excellence, Women's Cancer Research Program, Magee-Women's Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Roberta B Ness
- The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Allan Jensen
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Penelope M Webb
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kathryn Terry
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Kirsten B Moysich
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
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