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Jung W, Asaduddin M, Yoo D, Lee DY, Son Y, Kim D, Keum H, Lee J, Park SH, Jon S. Noninvasive ROS imaging and drug delivery monitoring in the tumor microenvironment. Biomaterials 2024; 310:122633. [PMID: 38810387 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are overproduced in certain tumors can be considered an indicator of oxidative stress levels in the tissue. Here, we report a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based probe capable of detecting ROS levels in the tumor microenvironment (TME) using ROS-responsive manganese ion (Mn2+)-chelated, biotinylated bilirubin nanoparticles (Mn@bt-BRNPs). These nanoparticles are disrupted in the presence of ROS, resulting in the release of free Mn2+, which induces T1-weighted MRI signal enhancement. Mn@BRNPs show more rapid and greater MRI signal enhancement in high ROS-producing A549 lung carcinoma cells compared with low ROS-producing DU145 prostate cancer cells. A pseudo three-compartment model devised for the ROS-reactive MRI probe enables mapping of the distribution and concentration of ROS within the tumor. Furthermore, doxorubicin-loaded, cancer-targeting ligand biotin-conjugated Dox/Mn@bt-BRNPs show considerable accumulation in A549 tumors and also effectively inhibit tumor growth without causing body weight loss, suggesting their usefulness as a new theranostic agent. Collectively, these findings suggest that Mn@bt-BRNPs could be used as an imaging probe capable of detecting ROS levels and monitoring drug delivery in the TME with potential applicability to other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonsik Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Asaduddin
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyun Yoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yun Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngju Son
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyeon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongseop Keum
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungun Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hong Park
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sangyong Jon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Qu J, Pan B, Su T, Chen Y, Zhang T, Chen X, Zhu X, Xu Z, Wang T, Zhu J, Zhang Z, Feng F, Jin Z. T1 and T2 mapping for identifying malignant lymph nodes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Imaging 2023; 23:125. [PMID: 38105217 PMCID: PMC10726506 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-023-00648-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study seeks to assess the utility of T1 and T2 mapping in distinguishing metastatic lymph nodes from reactive lymphadenopathy in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) as a comparison. METHODS Between July 2017 and November 2019, 46 HNSCC patients underwent neck MRI inclusive of T1 and T2 mapping and DWI. Quantitative measurements derived from preoperative T1 and T2 mapping and DWI of metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes were compared using independent samples t-test or Mann-Whitney U test. Receiver operating characteristic curves and the DeLong test were employed to determine the most effective diagnostic methodology. RESULTS We examined a total of 122 lymph nodes, 45 (36.9%) of which were metastatic proven by pathology. Mean T2 values for metastatic lymph nodes were significantly lower than those for benign lymph nodes (p < 0.001). Conversely, metastatic lymph nodes exhibited significantly higher apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and standard deviation of T1 values (T1SD) (p < 0.001). T2 generated a significantly higher area under the curve (AUC) of 0.890 (0.826-0.954) compared to T1SD (0.711 [0.613-0.809]) and ADC (0.660 [0.562-0.758]) (p = 0.007 and p < 0.001). Combining T2, T1SD, ADC, and lymph node size achieved an AUC of 0.929 (0.875-0.983), which did not significantly enhance diagnostic performance over using T2 alone (p = 0.089). CONCLUSIONS The application of T1 and T2 mapping is feasible in differentiating metastatic from non-metastatic lymph nodes in HNSCC and can improve diagnostic efficacy compared to DWI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangming Qu
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Boju Pan
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Tong Su
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xingming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhentan Xu
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Tianjiao Wang
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jinxia Zhu
- MR Research Collaboration, Siemens Healthineers Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuhua Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Feng Feng
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Li X, Fan Z, Jiang H, Niu J, Bian W, Wang C, Wang Y, Zhang R, Zhang H. Synthetic MRI in breast cancer: differentiating benign from malignant lesions and predicting immunohistochemical expression status. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17978. [PMID: 37864025 PMCID: PMC10589282 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45079-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate and compare the performance of synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (SyMRI) in classifying benign and malignant breast lesions and predicting the expression status of immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers. We retrospectively analysed 121 patients with breast lesions who underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and SyMRI before surgery in our hospital. DCE-MRI was used to assess the lesions, and then regions of interest (ROIs) were outlined on SyMRI (before and after enhancement), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps to obtain quantitative values. After being grouped according to benign and malignant status, the malignant lesions were divided into high and low expression groups according to the expression status of IHC markers. Logistic regression was used to analyse the differences in independent variables between groups. The performance of the modalities in classification and prediction was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. In total, 57 of 121 lesions were benign, the other 64 were malignant, and 56 malignant lesions performed immunohistochemical staining. Quantitative values from proton density-weighted imaging prior to an injection of the contrast agent (PD-Pre) and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) after the injection (T2-Gd), as well as its standard deviation (SD of T2-Gd), were valuable SyMRI parameters for the classification of benign and malignant breast lesions, but the performance of SyMRI (area under the curve, AUC = 0.716) was not as good as that of ADC values (AUC = 0.853). However, ADC values could not predict the expression status of breast cancer markers, for which SyMRI had excellent performance. The AUCs of androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), p53 and Ki-67 were 0.687, 0.890, 0.852, 0.746, 0.813 and 0.774, respectively. SyMRI had certain value in distinguishing between benign and malignant breast lesions, and ADC values were still the ideal method. However, to predict the expression status of IHC markers, SyMRI had an incomparable value compared with ADC values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Radiology, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhichang Fan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Hongnan Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinliang Niu
- Department of Radiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Wenjin Bian
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Pathology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pathology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Runmei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 85, South Jiefang Road, Yingze District, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
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Zhao R, Du S, Gao S, Shi J, Zhang L. Time Course Changes of Synthetic Relaxation Time During Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer: The Optimal Parameter for Treatment Response Evaluation. J Magn Reson Imaging 2023; 58:1290-1302. [PMID: 36621982 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synthetic MRI (syMRI) has enabled quantification of multiple relaxation parameters (T1/T2 relaxation time [T1/T2], proton density [PD]), and their longitudinal change during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) promises to be valuable parameters for treatment response evaluation in breast cancer. PURPOSE To investigate the time course changes of syMRI parameters during NAC and evaluate their value as predictors for pathological complete response (pCR) in breast cancer. STUDY TYPE Retrospective, longitudinal. POPULATION A total of 129 women (median age, 50 years; range, 28-69 years) with locally advanced breast cancer who underwent NAC; all performed multiple conventional breast MRI examinations with added syMRI during NAC. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE A 3.0 T, T1-weighted dynamic contrast enhanced and syMRI acquired by a multiple-dynamic, multiple-echo sequence. ASSESSMENT Breast MRI was set at four time-points: baseline, after one cycle, after three or four cycles of NAC and preoperation. SyMRI parameters and tumor diameters were measured and their changes from baseline were calculated. All parameters were compared between pCR and non-pCR. Interaction between syMRI parameters and clinicopathological features was analyzed. STATISTICAL TESTS Mann-Whitney U tests, random effects model of repeated measurement, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, interaction analysis. RESULTS Median synthetic T1/T2/PD and tumor diameter generally decreased throughout NAC. Absolute T1 at early-NAC, T1, and PD at mid-NAC were significantly lower in the pCR group. After early-NAC, the T1 change was significantly higher in the pCR (median ± IQR, 18.17 ± 11.33) than the non-pCR group (median ± IQR, 10.90 ± 10.03), with the highest area under the ROC curves (AUC) of 0.769 (95% CI, 0.684-0.838). Interaction analysis showed that histological grade III patients had higher odds ratio (OR) (OR = 1.206) compared to grade II patients (OR = 1.067). DATA CONCLUSION Synthetic T1 changes after one cycle of NAC maybe useful for early evaluating NAC response in breast cancer during whole treatment cycles. However, its discriminative ability is significantly affected by histological grade. EVIDENCE LEVEL 4 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimeng Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Siyao Du
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Si Gao
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Zhang Z, Li S, Wang W, Zhang Y, Wang K, Cheng J, Wen B. Synthetic MRI for the quantitative and morphologic assessment of head and neck tumors: a preliminary study. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2023; 52:20230103. [PMID: 37427697 PMCID: PMC10461255 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20230103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the feasibility of synthetic MRI for quantitative and morphologic assessment of head and neck tumors and compare the results with the conventional MRI approach. METHODS AND MATERIALS A total of 92 patients with different head and neck tumor histology who underwent conventional and synthetic MRI were retrospectively recruited. The quantitative T1, T2, proton density (PD), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of 38 benign and 54 malignant tumors were measured and compared. Diagnostic efficacy for differentiating malignant and benign tumors was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and integrated discrimination index. The image quality of conventional and synthetic T1W/T2W images on a 5-level Likert scale was also compared with Wilcoxon signed rank test. RESULTS T1, T2 and ADC values of malignant head and neck tumors were smaller than those of benign tumors (all p < 0.05). T2 and ADC values showed better diagnostic efficacy than T1 for distinguishing malignant tumors from benign tumors (both p < 0.05). Adding the T2 value to ADC increased the area under the curve from 0.839 to 0.886, with an integrated discrimination index of 4.28% (p < 0.05). In terms of overall image quality, synthetic T2W images were comparable to conventional T2W images, while synthetic T1W images were inferior to conventional T1W images. CONCLUSIONS Synthetic MRI can facilitate the characterization of head and neck tumors by providing quantitative relaxation parameters and synthetic T2W images. T2 values added to ADC values may further improve the differentiation of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zanxia Zhang
- Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shujian Li
- Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weijian Wang
- Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kaiyu Wang
- MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baohong Wen
- Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Yang F, Li X, Li Y, Lei H, Du Q, Yu X, Li L, Zhao Y, Xie L, Lin M. Histogram analysis of quantitative parameters from synthetic MRI: correlations with prognostic factors in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:5344-5354. [PMID: 37036478 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09553-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the correlation between histogram parameters derived from synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (SyMRI) and prognostically relevant factors in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS Fifty-nine consecutive NPC patients were prospectively enrolled. Quantitative parameters (T1, T2, and proton density (PD)) were obtained by outlining the three-dimensional volume of interest (VOI) of all lesions. Then, histogram analysis of these quantitative parameters was performed and the correlations with prognostically relevant factors were assessed. By choosing appropriate cutoff, we divided the sample into two groups. Independent-samples t test/Mann-Whitney U test was used and ROC curve analysis was further processed. RESULTS Histogram parameters of the T1, T2, and PD maps were positively correlated with the Ki-67 expression levels, and PD_mean was the most representative parameter (AUC: 0.861). The PD map exhibited good performance in differentiating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression levels (AUC: 0.706~0.732) and histological type (AUC: 0.650~0.660). T2_minimum was highest correlated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA levels (r = - 0.419), and PD_75th percentile exhibited the highest performance in distinguishing positive and negative EBV DNA groups (AUC: 0.721). T1_minimum was statistically correlated with EA-IgA expression (r = - 0.313). Additionally, several histogram parameters were negatively correlated with tumor stage (T stage: r = - 0.259 ~ - 0.301; N stage: r = - 0.348 ~ - 0.456; clinical stage: r = - 0.419). CONCLUSIONS Histogram parameters of SyMRI could reflect tissue intrinsic characteristics and showed potential value in assessing the Ki-67 and EGFR expression levels, histological type, EBV DNA level, EA-IgA, and tumor stage. KEY POINTS • SyMRI combined with histogram analysis may help clinicians to assess different prognostic factor statuses in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. • The PD map exhibited good discriminating performance in the Ki-67 and EGFR expression levels. • Histogram parameters of SyMRI were negatively correlated with EBV-related blood biomarkers and TNM stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Huizi Lei
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Qiang Du
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiaoduo Yu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhao
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Lizhi Xie
- MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Yuan J, Wen Q, Wang H, Wang J, Liu K, Zhan S, Liu M, Gong Z, Tan W. The use of quantitative T1-mapping to identify cells and collagen fibers in rectal cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1189334. [PMID: 37546428 PMCID: PMC10399696 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1189334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim This study aimed to explore the value of T1 mapping in assessing the grade and stage of rectal adenocarcinoma and its correlation with tumor tissue composition. Methods Informed consent was obtained from all rectal cancer patients after approval by the institutional review board. Twenty-four patients (14 women and 10 men; mean age, 64.46 years; range, 35 - 82 years) were enrolled in this prospective study. MRI examinations were performed using 3.0T MR scanner before surgery. HE, immunohistochemical, and masson trichrome-staining was performed on the surgically resected tumors to assess the degree of differentiation, stage, and invasion. Two radiologists independently analyzed native T1 and postcontrast T1 for each lesion, and calculated the extracellular volume (ECV) was calculated from T1 values. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots were applied to analyze the interobserver agreement of native T1 values and postcontrast T1 values. Student's t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to test the differences between T1 mapping parameters and differentiation types, T and N stages, and venous and neural invasion. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to analyze the correlation of T1 mapping extraction parameters with caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX-2), Ki-67 index, and collagen expression. Results Both the native and postcontrast T1 values had an excellent interobserver agreement (ICC 0.945 and 0.942, respectively). Postcontrast T1 values indicated significant differences in venous invasion (t=2.497, p=0.021) and neural invasion (t=2.254, p=0.034). Pearson's correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between native T1 values and Ki-67 (r=-0.407, p=0.049). There was a significant positive correlation between ECV and collagen expression (r=0.811, p=.000) and a significant negative correlation between ECV and CDX-2 (r=-0.465, p=0.022) and Ki-67 (r=-0.549, p=0.005). Conclusion Postcontrast T1 value can be used to assess venous and neural invasion in rectal cancer. ECV measurements based on T1 mapping can be used to identify cells and collagen fibers in rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Wen
- Department of Radiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaoyan Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Songhua Zhan
- Department of Radiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengxiao Liu
- MR Scientific Marketing, Diagnostic Imaging, Siemens Healthineers Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhigang Gong
- Department of Radiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - WenLi Tan
- Department of Radiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Chen Y, Mei X, Liang X, Cao Y, Peng C, Fu Y, Zhang Y, Liu C, Liu Y. Application of magnetic resonance image compilation (MAGiC) in the diagnosis of middle-aged and elderly women with osteoporosis. BMC Med Imaging 2023; 23:63. [PMID: 37189019 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-023-01010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the feasibility of diagnosing osteoporosis (OP) in women through magnetic resonance image compilation (MAGiC). METHODS A total of 110 patients who underwent lumbar magnetic resonance imaging and dual X-ray absorptiometry examinations were collected and divided into two groups according bone mineral density: osteoporotic group (OP) and non-osteoporotic group (non-OP). The variation trends of T1 (longitudinal relaxation time), T2 (transverse relaxation time) and BMD (bone mineral density) with the increase of age, and the correlation of T1 and T2 with BMD were examined by establishing a clinical mathematical model. RESULTS With the increase of age, BMD and T1 value decreased gradually, while T2 value increased. T1 and T2 had statistical significance in diagnosing OP (P < 0.001), and there is moderate positive correlation between T1 and BMD values (R = 0.636, P < 0.001), while moderate negative correlation between T2 and BMD values (R=-0.694, P < 0.001). Receiver characteristic curve test showed that T1 and T2 had high accuracy in diagnosing OP (T1 AUC = 0.982, T2 AUC = 0.978), and the critical values of T1 and T2 for evaluating osteoporosis were 0.625s and 0.095s, respectively. Besides, the combined utilization of T1 and T2 had higher diagnostic efficiency (AUC = 0.985). Combined T1 and T2 had higher diagnostic efficiency (AUC = 0.985). Function fitting results of OP group: BMD=-0.0037* age - 0.0015*T1 + 0.0037*T2 + 0.86, sum of squared error (SSE) = 0.0392, and non-OP group: BMD = 0.0024* age - 0.0071*T1 + 0.0007*T2 + 1.41, SSE = 0.1007. CONCLUSION T1 and T2 value of MAGiC have high efficiency in diagnosing OP by establishing a function fitting formula of BMD with T1, T2 and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Chen
- Radiology Department of Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xiuting Mei
- Radiology Department of Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuqian Liang
- Radiology Department of Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Radiology Department of Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Cong Peng
- Radiology Department of Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Fu
- Rehabilitation Department of Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yulong Zhang
- Radiology Department of Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Cuifang Liu
- Radiology Department of Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Radiology Department of Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China.
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Yang F, Wei H, Li X, Yu X, Zhao Y, Li L, Li Y, Xie L, Wang S, Lin M. Pretreatment synthetic magnetic resonance imaging predicts disease progression in nonmetastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma after intensity modulation radiation therapy. Insights Imaging 2023; 14:59. [PMID: 37016104 PMCID: PMC10073373 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-023-01411-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the potential of synthetic MRI (SyMRI) in the prognostic assessment of patients with nonmetastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and the predictive value when combined with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) as well as clinical factors. METHODS Fifty-three NPC patients who underwent SyMRI were prospectively included. 10th Percentile, Mean, Kurtosis, and Skewness of T1, T2, and PD maps and ADC value were obtained from the primary tumor. Cox regression analysis was used for analyzing the association between SyMRI and DWI parameters and progression-free survival (PFS), and then age, sex, staging, and treatment as confounding factors were also included. C-index was obtained by bootstrap. Moreover, significant parameters were used to construct models in predicting 3-year disease progression. ROC curves and leave-one-out cross-validation were used to evaluate the performance and stability. RESULTS Disease progression occurred in 16 (30.2%) patients at a follow-up of 39.6 (3.5, 48.2) months. T1_Kurtosis, T1_Skewness, T2_10th, PD_Mean, and ADC were correlated with PFS, and T1_Kurtosis (HR: 1.093) and ADC (HR: 1.009) were independent predictors of PFS. The C-index of SyMRI and SyMRI + DWI + Clinic models was 0.687 and 0.779. Moreover, the SyMRI + DWI + Clinic model predicted 3-year disease progression better than DWI or Clinic model (p ≤ 0.008). Interestingly, there was no significant difference between the SyMRI model (AUC: 0.748) and SyMRI + DWI + Clinic model (AUC: 0.846, p = 0.092). CONCLUSION SyMRI combined with histogram analysis could predict disease progression in NPC patients, and SyMRI + DWI + Clinic model further improved the predictive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Haoran Wei
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiaoduo Yu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhao
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Lizhi Xie
- MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China
| | - Sicong Wang
- MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Histogram analysis of synthetic magnetic resonance imaging: Correlations with histopathological factors in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Radiol 2023; 160:110715. [PMID: 36753947 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2023.110715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyse the association between histogram parameters derived from synthetic MRI (SyMRI) and different histopathological factors in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). METHOD Sixty-one patients with histologically proven primary HNSCC were prospectively enrolled. The correlations between histogram parameters of SyMRI (T1, T2 and proton density (PD) maps) and histopathological factors were analysed using Spearman analysis. The Mann-Whitney U test or Student's t test was utilized to differentiate histological grades and human papillomavirus (HPV) status. The ROC curves and leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) were used to evaluate the differentiation performance. Bootstrapping was applied to avoid overfitting. RESULTS Several histogram parameters were associated with histological grade: T1 map (r = 0.291) and PD map (r = 0.294 - 0.382/-0.343), and PD_75th Percentile showed the highest differentiation performance (AUC: 0.721 (ROC) and 0.719 (LOOCV)). Moderately negative correlations were found between p16 status and the histogram parameters: T1 map (r = -0.587 - -0.390), T2 map (r = -0.649 - -0.357) and PD map (r = -0.537 - -0.338). In differentiating HPV infection, Entropy was the most discriminative parameter in each map and T2_Entropy showed the highest diagnostic performance (AUC: 0.851 [ROC] and 0.851 [LOOCV]). Additionally, several histogram parameters were correlated with Ki-67 (r = -0.379/-0.397), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (r = 0.318/0.322) status and p53 (r = 0.452 - 0.665/-0.607) status. CONCLUSIONS Histogram parameters derived from SyMRI may serve as a potential biomarker for discriminating relevant histopathological features, including histological differentiation grade, HPV infection, Ki-67, EGFR and p53 statuses.
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Sun PZ. Demonstration of accurate multi-pool chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI quantification - Quasi-steady-state reconstruction empowered quantitative CEST analysis. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2023; 348:107379. [PMID: 36689786 PMCID: PMC10023465 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2023.107379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI is sensitive to dilute labile protons and microenvironment properties, yet CEST quantification has been challenging. This difficulty is because the CEST measurement depends not only on the underlying CEST system but also on the scan protocols, including RF saturation amplitude, duration, and repetition time. In addition, T1 normalization is not straightforward under non-equilibrium conditions. Recently, a quasi-steady-state (QUASS) algorithm was established to reconstruct the desired equilibrium state from experimental measurements. Our study aimed to determine the accuracy of spinlock-model-based multi-pool CEST quantification using numerical simulations and phantom experiments. In short, CEST Z-spectra were simulated for a representative 3-pool model, and CEST amplitudes were solved with spinlock model-based multi-pool fitting and assessed as a function of RF saturation time (Ts), repetition time (TR), and T1. Although the apparent CEST signals showed significant T1 dependence, such relationships were not observed following QUASS reconstruction. To test the accuracy of T1 correction, a multi-vial phantom of nicotinamide and creatine was doped with manganese chloride, resulting in T1 ranging from 1 s to beyond 2 s. The multi-labile signals determined from the routine measurements showed significant dependence on Ts, TR, and T1. In contrast, CEST signals from the QUASS reconstruction showed consistent quantification independent of such variables. To summarize, our study demonstrated that accurate CEST quantification is feasible in multi-pool CEST systems with the spinlock-model-based fitting of QUASS CEST MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip Zhe Sun
- Primate Imaging Center, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.
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Konar AS, Paudyal R, Shah AD, Fung M, Banerjee S, Dave A, Lee N, Hatzoglou V, Shukla-Dave A. Qualitative and Quantitative Performance of Magnetic Resonance Image Compilation (MAGiC) Method: An Exploratory Analysis for Head and Neck Imaging. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153624. [PMID: 35892883 PMCID: PMC9331960 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The present exploratory study investigates the performance of a new, rapid, synthetic MRI method for diagnostic image quality assessment and measurement of relaxometry metric values in head and neck (HN) tumors and normal-appearing masseter muscle. The multi-dynamic multi-echo (MDME) sequence was used for data acquisition, followed by synthetic image reconstruction on a 3T MRI scanner for 14 patients (3 untreated and 11 treated). The MDME enables absolute quantification of physical tissue properties, including T1 and T2, with a shorter scan time than the current state-of-the-art methods used for relaxation measurements. The vendor termed the combined package MAGnetic resonance imaging Compilation (MAGiC). In total, 48 regions of interest (ROIs) were analyzed, drawn on normal-appearing masseter muscle and tumors in the HN region. Mean T1 and T2 values obtained from normal-appearing muscle were 880 ± 52 ms and 46 ± 3 ms, respectively. Mean T1 and T2 values obtained from tumors were 1930 ± 422 ms and 77 ± 13 ms, respectively, for the untreated group, 1745 ± 410 ms and 107 ± 61 ms, for the treated group. A total of 1552 images from both synthetic MRI and conventional clinical imaging were assessed by the radiologists to provide the rating for T1w and T2w image contrasts. The synthetically generated qualitative T2w images were acceptable and comparable to conventional diagnostic images (93% acceptability rating for both). The acceptability ratings for MAGiC-generated T1w, and conventional images were 64% and 100%, respectively. The benefit of MAGiC in HN imaging is twofold, providing relaxometry maps in a clinically feasible time and the ability to generate a different combination of contrast images in a single acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaresha Shridhar Konar
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.S.K.); (R.P.)
| | - Ramesh Paudyal
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.S.K.); (R.P.)
| | - Akash Deelip Shah
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.D.S.); (V.H.)
| | - Maggie Fung
- General Electric Health Care, New York, NY 10065, USA; (M.F.); (S.B.)
| | | | - Abhay Dave
- Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York, NY 10027, USA;
| | - Nancy Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Vaios Hatzoglou
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.D.S.); (V.H.)
| | - Amita Shukla-Dave
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.S.K.); (R.P.)
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.D.S.); (V.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-212-639-3184
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Li J, Gao X, Dominik Nickel M, Cheng J, Zhu J. Native T1 mapping for differentiating the histopathologic type, grade, and stage of rectal adenocarcinoma: a pilot study. Cancer Imaging 2022; 22:30. [PMID: 35715848 PMCID: PMC9204907 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-022-00461-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have indicated that T1 relaxation time could be utilized for the analysis of tissue characteristics. T1 mapping technology has been gradually used on research of body tumor. In this study, the application of native T1 relaxation time for differentiating the histopathologic type, grade, and stage of rectal adenocarcinoma was investigated. Methods One hundred and twenty patients with pathologically confirmed rectal adenocarcinoma were retrospectively evaluated. All patients underwent high-resolution anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and T1 mapping sequences. Parameters of T1 relaxation time and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were measured between the different groups. The diagnostic power was evaluated though the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results The T1 and ADC values varied significantly between rectal mucinous adenocarcinoma (MC) and non-mucinous rectal adenocarcinoma (AC) ([1986.1 ± 163.3 ms] vs. [1562.3 ± 244.2 ms] and [1.38 ± 0.23 × 10−3mm2/s] vs. [1.03 ± 0.15 × 10−3mm2/s], respectively; P < 0.001). In the AC group, T1 relaxation time were significantly different between the low- and high-grade adenocarcinoma cases ([1508.7 ± 188.6 ms] vs. [1806.5 ± 317.5 ms], P < 0.001), while no differences were apparent in the ADC values ([1.03 ± 0.14 × 10−3mm2/s] vs. [1.04 ± 0.18 × 10−3mm2/s], P > 0.05). No significant differences in T1 and ADC values were identified between the different T and N stage groups for both MC and AC (all P > 0.05). Conclusions Native T1 relaxation time can be used to discriminate MC from AC. The T1 relaxation time was helpful for differentiating the low- and high-grade of AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of MRI, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1, Jianshe Dong Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xuemei Gao
- Department of MRI, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1, Jianshe Dong Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | | | - Jingliang Cheng
- Department of MRI, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1, Jianshe Dong Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Jinxia Zhu
- MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare Ltd, Beijing, 100000, China
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Quantitative Synthetic Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Brain Metastases: A Feasibility Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112651. [PMID: 35681631 PMCID: PMC9179589 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This preliminary study aims to characterize brain metastases (BM) using T1 and T2 maps generated from newer, rapid, synthetic MRI (MAGnetic resonance image Compilation; MAGiC) in a clinical setting. In addition, synthetic MR could provide contrast images analogous to standard T1- and T2-weighted images. The reproducibility and repeatability of this method have been previously established for brain imaging. This study reports and analyzes the quantitative T1 and T2 values for 11 BM patients (17 BM lesions) with a total of 82 regions of interest (ROIs) delineated by an experienced neuroradiologist. The initial results, which need to be further validated in a larger patient cohort, demonstrated the ability of T1 and T2 metric values to characterize BMs and normal-appearing brain tissues. The T1 and T2 metrics could be potential surrogate biomarkers for BM free water content (cellularity) and tumor morphology, respectively. Abstract The present preliminary study aims to characterize brain metastases (BM) using T1 and T2 maps generated from newer, rapid, synthetic MRI (MAGnetic resonance image Compilation; MAGiC) in a clinical setting. We acquired synthetic MRI data from 11 BM patients on a 3T scanner. A multiple-dynamic multiple-echo (MDME) sequence was used for data acquisition and synthetic image reconstruction, including post-processing. MDME is a multi-contrast sequence that enables absolute quantification of physical tissue properties, including T1 and T2, independent of the scanner settings. In total, 82 regions of interest (ROIs) were analyzed, which were obtained from both normal-appearing brain tissue and BM lesions. The mean values obtained from the 48 normal-appearing brain tissue regions and 34 ROIs of BM lesions (T1 and T2) were analyzed using standard statistical methods. The mean T1 and T2 values were 1143 ms and 78 ms, respectively, for normal-appearing gray matter, 701 ms and 64 ms for white matter, and 4206 ms and 390 ms for cerebrospinal fluid. For untreated BMs, the mean T1 and T2 values were 1868 ms and 100 ms, respectively, and 2211 ms and 114 ms for the treated group. The quantitative T1 and T2 values generated from synthetic MRI can characterize BM and normal-appearing brain tissues.
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Contrast-free MRI quantitative parameters for early prediction of pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. Eur Radiol 2022; 32:5759-5772. [PMID: 35267091 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-08667-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess early changes in synthetic relaxometry after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer and establish a model with contrast-free quantitative parameters for early prediction of pathological response. METHODS From March 2019 to January 2021, breast MRI were performed for a primary cohort of women with breast cancer before (n = 102) and after the first (n = 93) and second (n = 90) cycle of NAC. Tumor size, synthetic relaxometry (T1/T2 relaxation time [T1/T2], proton density), and ADC were obtained, and the changes after treatment were calculated. Prediction models were established by multivariate logistic regression; evaluated with discrimination, calibration, and clinical application; and compared with Delong tests, net reclassification (NRI), and integrated discrimination index (IDI). External validation was performed from February to June 2021 with an independent cohort of 35 patients. RESULTS In the primary cohort, all parameters changed after early treatment. Synthetic relaxometry decreased to a greater degree in major histologic responders (MHR, Miller-Payne G4-5) compared with non-MHR (Miller-Payne G1-3). A model combining ADC after treatment, changes in T1 and tumor size, and cancer subtype achieved the highest AUC after the first (primary/validation cohort, 0.83/0.82) and second cycles (primary/validation cohort, 0.85/0.84). No difference of AUC (p ≥ 0.27), NRI (p ≥ 0.31), and IDI (p ≥ 0.32) was found between models with different cycles and size-measured sequences. Model calibration and decision curves demonstrated a good fitness and clinical benefit, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Early reduction in synthetic relaxometry indicated pathological response to NAC. Contrast-free T1 and ADC combined with size and cancer subtype predicted effectively pathological response after one NAC cycle. KEY POINTS • Synthetic MRI relaxometry changed after early neoadjuvant chemotherapy, which demonstrated pathological response for mass-like breast cancers. • Contrast-free quantitative parameters including T1 relaxation time and apparent diffusion coefficient, combined with tumor size and cancer subtype, stratified major histologic responders. • A contrast-free model predicted an early pathological response after the first treatment cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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Baidya Kayal E, Sharma N, Sharma R, Bakhshi S, Kandasamy D, Mehndiratta A. T1 mapping as a surrogate marker of chemotherapy response evaluation in patients with osteosarcoma. Eur J Radiol 2022; 148:110170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2022.110170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Qian E, Poojar P, Vaughan JT, Jin Z, Geethanath S. Tailored Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting for simultaneous non-synthetic and quantitative imaging: A repeatability study. Med Phys 2022; 49:1673-1685. [PMID: 35084744 DOI: 10.1002/mp.15465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The goals of this study include: (a) generating tailored magnetic resonance fingerprinting (TMRF) based non-synthetic imaging; (b) assessing the repeatability of TMRF and deep learning-based mapping of in vitro ISMRM/NIST phantom and in vivo brain data of healthy human subjects. METHODS We have acquired qualitative images obtained from the vendor-supplied gold standard, MRF (synthetic), and TMRF (non-synthetic) on one representative healthy human brain. We also acquired thirty datasets on the ISMRM/NIST phantom for the in vitro repeatability study on a GE Discovery 3T MR750w scanner using the TMRF sequence. We compared T1 and T2 maps generated from thirty ISMRM/NIST phantom datasets to the spin-echo (SE) based gold standard (GS) method as part of the in vitro repeatability study. R-squared coefficient of determination in a simple linear regression and Bland-Altman analysis were computed for thirty datasets of ISMRM/NIST phantom to assess the accuracy of in vitro quantitative TMRF data. The repeatability of T1 and T2 estimates by TMRF was evaluated by calculating the standard deviation (SD) divided by the average of thirty datasets for each sphere, respectively. We acquired ten volunteers for the in vivo repeatability study on the same scanner using the same TMRF sequence. These volunteers were imaged five times with two runs per repetition, resulting in one hundred in vivo datasets. Five contrasts, T1 and T2 maps of ten human volunteers acquired over five repetitions, were evaluated in the in vivo repeatability study. We computed the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), signal intensities, T1 and T2 relaxation times in white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM). RESULTS The synthetic images generated from MRF show partial volume and flow artifacts compared to non-synthetic images obtained from TMRF images and the gold standard. in vitro studies show that TMRF estimates have less than 5% variations except sphere 14 in the T2 array (6.36%). TMRF and spin-echo relaxometry measurements were strongly correlated; R2 values were 0.9958 and 0.9789 for T1 and T2 estimates, respectively. Based on the ICC values, SNR, mean intensity values, and relaxation times of WM and GM for the in vivo studies were consistent. T1 and T2 values of WM and GM were similar to previously published values. The mean ± SD of T1 and T2 for WM for ten subjects and five repeats are 992 ± 41 ms and 99 ± 6 ms, while the corresponding values for T1 and T2 for GM are 1598 ± 73 ms and 152 ± 14 ms. CONCLUSION TMRF and deep learning-based reconstruction produce repeatable, non-synthetic multi-contrast images and parametric maps simultaneously. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enlin Qian
- Columbia Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Pavan Poojar
- Columbia Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - John Thomas Vaughan
- Columbia Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Zhezhen Jin
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Sairam Geethanath
- Columbia Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
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Pandey S, Snider AD, Moreno WA, Ravi H, Bilgin A, Raghunand N. Joint total variation-based reconstruction of multiparametric magnetic resonance images for mapping tissue types. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4597. [PMID: 34390047 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Multispectral analysis of coregistered multiparametric magnetic resonance (MR) images provides a powerful method for tissue phenotyping and segmentation. Acquisition of a sufficiently varied set of multicontrast MR images and parameter maps to objectively define multiple normal and pathologic tissue types can require long scan times. Accelerated MRI on clinical scanners with multichannel receivers exploits techniques such as parallel imaging, while accelerated preclinical MRI scanning must rely on alternate approaches. In this work, tumor-bearing mice were imaged at 7 T to acquire k-space data corresponding to a series of images with varying T1-, T2- and T2*-weighting. A joint reconstruction framework is proposed to reconstruct a series of T1-weighted images and corresponding T1 maps simultaneously from undersampled Cartesian k-space data. The ambiguity introduced by undersampling was resolved by using model-based constraints and structural information from a reference fully sampled image as the joint total variation prior. This process was repeated to reconstruct T2-weighted and T2*-weighted images and corresponding maps of T2 and T2* from undersampled Cartesian k-space data. Validation of the reconstructed images and parameter maps was carried out by computing tissue-type maps, as well as maps of the proton density fat fraction (PDFF), proton density water fraction (PDwF), fat relaxation rate ( R2f*) and water relaxation rate ( R2w*) from the reconstructed data, and comparing them with ground truth (GT) equivalents. Tissue-type maps computed using 18% k-space data were visually similar to GT tissue-type maps, with dice coefficients ranging from 0.43 to 0.73 for tumor, fluid adipose and muscle tissue types. The mean T1 and T2 values within each tissue type computed using only 18% k-space data were within 8%-10% of the GT values from fully sampled data. The PDFF and PDwF maps computed using 27% k-space data were within 3%-15% of GT values and showed good agreement with the expected values for the four tissue types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shraddha Pandey
- Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - A David Snider
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Wilfrido A Moreno
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Harshan Ravi
- Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Ali Bilgin
- Departments of Medical Imaging, Biomedical Engineering, and Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Natarajan Raghunand
- Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Shridhar Konar A, Qian E, Geethanath S, Buonincontri G, Obuchowski NA, Fung M, Gomez P, Schulte R, Cencini M, Tosetti M, Schwartz LH, Shukla-Dave A. Quantitative imaging metrics derived from magnetic resonance fingerprinting using ISMRM/NIST MRI system phantom: An international multicenter repeatability and reproducibility study. Med Phys 2021; 48:2438-2447. [PMID: 33690905 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the bias and inherent reliability of the quantitative (T1 and T2 ) imaging metrics generated from the magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) technique using the ISMRM/NIST system phantom in an international multicenter setting. METHOD ISMRM/NIST MRI system phantom provides standard reference T1 and T2 relaxation values (vendor-provided) for each of the 14 vials in T1 and T2 arrays. MRF-SSFP scans repeated over 30 days on GE 1.5 and 3.0 T scanners at three collaborative centers. MRF estimated T1, and T2 values averaged over 30 days were compared with the phantom vendor-provided and spin-echo (SE) based convention gold standard (GS) method. Repeatability and reproducibility were characterized by the within-case coefficient of variation (wCV) of the MRF data acquired over 30 days, along with the biases. RESULT For the wide ranges of MRF estimated T1 values, vials #1-8 (T1 relaxation time between 2033 and 184 ms) exhibited a wCV less than 3% and 4%, respectively, on 3.0 and 1.5 T scanners. T2 values in vials #1-8 (T2 relaxation, 1044-45 ms) have shown wCV to be <7% on both 3.0 and 1.5 T scanners. A stronger linear correlation overall for T1 (R2 = 0.9960 and 0.9963 at center-1 and center-2 on 3.0 T scanner, and R2 = 0.9951 and 0.9988 at center-1 and center-3 on 1.5 T scanner) compared to T2 (R2 = 0.9971 and 0.9972 at center-1 and center-2 on 3.0 T scanner, and R2 = 0.9815 and 0.9754 at center-1 and center-3 on 1.5 T scanner). Bland-Altman (BA) analysis showed MRF based T1 and T2 values were within the limit of agreement (LOA) except for one data point. The mean difference or bias and 95% lower bound (LB) and upper bound (UB) LOA are reported in the format; mean bias: 95% LB LOA: 95% UB LOA. The biases for T1 values were 21.34: -50.00: 92.69, 21.32: -47.29: 89.94 ms, and for T2 values were -19.88: -42.37: 2.61, -19.06: -43.58: 5.45 ms on 3.0 T scanner at center-1 and center-2, respectively. Similarly, on 1.5 T scanner biases for T1 values were 26.54: -53.41: 106.50, 9.997: -51.94: 71.94 ms, and for T2 values were -23.84: -135.40: 87.76, -37.30: 134.30: 59.73 ms at center-1 and center-3, respectively. Additionally, the correlation between the SE based GS and MRF estimated T1 and T2 values (R2 = 0.9969 and 0.9977) showed a similar trend as we observed between vendor-provided and MRF estimated T1 and T2 values (R2 = 0.9963 and 0.9972). In addition to correlation, BA analysis showed that all the vials are within the LOA between the GS and vendor-provided for the T1 values and except one vial for T2 . All the vials are within the LOA between GS and MRF except one vial in T1 and T2 array. The wCV for reproducibility was <3% for both T1 and T2 values in vials #1-8, for all the 14 vials, wCV calculated for reproducibility was <4% for T1 values and <5% for T2 . CONCLUSION This study shows that MRF is highly repeatable (wCV <4% for T1 and <7% for T2 ) and reproducible (wCV < 3% for both T1 and T2 ) in certain vials (vials #1-8).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaresha Shridhar Konar
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Enlin Qian
- Columbia Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Sairam Geethanath
- Columbia Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Guido Buonincontri
- Imago7 Foundation and IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, PI, 56128, Italy
| | - Nancy A Obuchowski
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | | | - Pedro Gomez
- Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Munich, BY, 85748, Germany
| | | | - Matteo Cencini
- Imago7 Foundation and IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, PI, 56128, Italy
| | - Michela Tosetti
- Imago7 Foundation and IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, PI, 56128, Italy
| | - Lawrence H Schwartz
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Amita Shukla-Dave
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
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20
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Laakso H, Ylä-Herttuala E, Sierra A, Jambor I, Poutanen M, Liljenbäck H, Virtanen H, Merisaari H, Aronen H, Minn H, Roivainen A, Liimatainen T. Docetaxel chemotherapy response in PC3 prostate cancer mouse model detected by rotating frame relaxations and water diffusion. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4483. [PMID: 33543563 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
MRI is a common method of prostate cancer diagnosis. Several MRI-derived markers, including the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) based on diffusion-weighted imaging, have been shown to provide values for prostate cancer detection and characterization. The hypothesis of the study was that docetaxel chemotherapy response could be picked up earlier with rotating frame relaxation times TRAFF2 and TRAFF4 than with the continuous wave T1ρ , adiabatic T1ρ , adiabatic T2ρ , T1 , T2 or water ADC. Human PC3 prostate cancer cells expressing a red fluorescent protein were implanted in 21 male mice. Docetaxel chemotherapy was given once a week starting 1 week after cell implantation for 10 randomly selected mice, while the rest served as a control group (n = 11). The MRI consisted of relaxation along a fictitious field (RAFF) in the second (RAFF2) and fourth (RAFF4) rotating frames, T1 and T2 , continuous wave T1ρ , adiabatic T1ρ and adiabatic T2ρ relaxation time measurements and water ADC. MRI was conducted at 7 T, once a week up to 4 weeks from cell implantation. The tumor volume was monitored using T2 -weighted MRI and optical imaging. The histology was evaluated after the last imaging time point. Significantly reduced RAFFn, T1ρ, T2ρ and conventional relaxation times 4 weeks after tumor implantation were observed in the treated tumors compared with the controls. The clearest short- and long-term responses were obtained with T1 , while no clear improvement in response to treatment was detected with novel methods compared with conventional methods or with RAFFn compared with all others. The tumor volume decreased after a two-week time point for the treated group and increased significantly in the control group, which was supported by increasing red fluorescent light emission in the control tumors. Decreased relaxation times were associated with successful chemotherapy outcomes. The results indicate altered relaxation mechanisms compared with higher dose chemotherapies previously published.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Laakso
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Elias Ylä-Herttuala
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Alejandra Sierra
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ivan Jambor
- Department of Radiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matti Poutanen
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Heidi Liljenbäck
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Helena Virtanen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Harri Merisaari
- Department of Radiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Future Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Hannu Aronen
- Department of Radiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Heikki Minn
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Anne Roivainen
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Timo Liimatainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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21
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Meng T, He N, He H, Liu K, Ke L, Liu H, Zhong L, Huang C, Yang A, Zhou C, Qian L, Xie C. The diagnostic performance of quantitative mapping in breast cancer patients: a preliminary study using synthetic MRI. Cancer Imaging 2020; 20:88. [PMID: 33317609 PMCID: PMC7737277 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-020-00365-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have indicated that quantitative MRI (qMR) is beneficial for diagnosis of breast cancer. As a novel qMR technology, synthetic MRI (syMRI) may be advantageous by offering simultaneous generation of T1 and T2 mapping in one scan within a few minutes and without concern to the deposition of the gadolinium contrast agent in cell nucleus. In this study, the potential of quantitative mapping derived from Synthetic MRI (SyMRI) to diagnose breast cancer was investigated. Methods From April 2018 to May 2019, a total of 87 patients with suspicious breast lesions underwent both conventional and SyMRI before treatment. The quantitative metrics derived from SyMRI, including T1 and T2 values, were measured in breast lesions. The diagnostic performance of SyMRI was evaluated with unpaired Student’s t-tests, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The AUCs of quantitative values were compared using Delong test. Results Among 77 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 48 were diagnosed with histopathological confirmed breast cancers, and the rest had benign lesions. The breast cancers showed significantly higher T1 (1611.61 ± 215.88 ms) values and lower T2 (80.93 ± 7.51 ms) values than benign lesions. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) values were 0.931 (95% CI: 0.874–0.989) and 0.883 (95% CI: 0.810–0.956) for T1 and T2 maps, respectively, in diagnostic discrimination between breast cancers and benign lesions. A slightly increased AUC of 0.978 (95% CI: 0.915–0.993) was achieved by combining those two relaxation-based quantitative metrics. Conclusion In conclusion, our preliminary study showed that the quantitative T1 and T2 values obtained by SyMRI could distinguish effectively between benign and malignant breast lesions, and T1 relaxation time showed the highest diagnostic efficiency. Furthermore, combining the two quantitative relaxation metrics further improved their diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiebao Meng
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Ni He
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Haoqiang He
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Kuiyuan Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Liangru Ke
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Huiming Liu
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Linchang Zhong
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Chenghui Huang
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Anli Yang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Chunyan Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Long Qian
- Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Chuanmiao Xie
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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22
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Villano D, Romdhane F, Irrera P, Consolino L, Anemone A, Zaiss M, Dastrù W, Longo DL. A fast multislice sequence for 3D MRI-CEST pH imaging. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:1335-1349. [PMID: 33031591 PMCID: PMC7756816 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI can provide accurate pH images, but the slow scan time (due to long saturation periods and multiple offsets sampling) reduce both the volume coverage and spatial resolution capability, hence the possibility to interrogate the heterogeneity in tumors and organs. To overcome these limitations, we propose a fast multislice CEST‐MRI sequence with high pH accuracy and spatial resolution. Methods The sequence first uses a long saturation pulse to induce the steady‐state CEST contrast and a second short saturation pulse repeated after each image acquisition to compensate for signal losses based on an uneven irradiation scheme combined with a single‐shot rapid acquisition with refocusing echoes readout. Sequence sensitivity and accuracy in measuring pH was optimized by simulation and assessed by in vitro studies in pH‐varying phantoms. In vivo validation was performed in two applications by acquiring multislice pH images covering the whole tumors and kidneys after iopamidol injection. Results Simulated and in vivo data showed comparable contrast efficiency and pH responsiveness by reducing saturation time. The experimental data from a homogeneous, pH‐varying, iopamidol‐containing phantom show that the sequence produced a uniform CEST contrast across slices and accurate values across slices in less than 10 minutes. In vivo measurements allowed us to quantify the 3D pH gradients of tumors and kidneys, with pH ranges comparable with the literature. Conclusion The proposed fast multislice CEST‐MRI sequence allows volumetric acquisitions with good pH sensitivity, accuracy, and spatial resolution for several in vivo pH imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Villano
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Feriel Romdhane
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,National Engineering School of Tunis (ENIT), University al Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Pietro Irrera
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Italian National Research Council, Napoli, Italy
| | - Lorena Consolino
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Annasofia Anemone
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Moritz Zaiss
- Department of Neuroradiology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Walter Dastrù
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Italian National Research Council, Torino, Italy
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23
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Zormpas-Petridis K, Poon E, Clarke M, Jerome NP, Boult JKR, Blackledge MD, Carceller F, Koers A, Barone G, Pearson ADJ, Moreno L, Anderson J, Sebire N, McHugh K, Koh DM, Chesler L, Yuan Y, Robinson SP, Jamin Y. Noninvasive MRI Native T 1 Mapping Detects Response to MYCN-targeted Therapies in the Th- MYCN Model of Neuroblastoma. Cancer Res 2020; 80:3424-3435. [PMID: 32595135 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Noninvasive early indicators of treatment response are crucial to the successful delivery of precision medicine in children with cancer. Neuroblastoma is a common solid tumor of young children that arises from anomalies in neural crest development. Therapeutic approaches aiming to destabilize MYCN protein, such as small-molecule inhibitors of Aurora A and mTOR, are currently being evaluated in early phase clinical trials in children with high-risk MYCN-driven disease, with limited ability to evaluate conventional pharmacodynamic biomarkers of response. T1 mapping is an MRI scan that measures the proton spin-lattice relaxation time T1. Using a multiparametric MRI-pathologic cross-correlative approach and computational pathology methodologies including a machine learning-based algorithm for the automatic detection and classification of neuroblasts, we show here that T1 mapping is sensitive to the rich histopathologic heterogeneity of neuroblastoma in the Th-MYCN transgenic model. Regions with high native T1 corresponded to regions dense in proliferative undifferentiated neuroblasts, whereas regions characterized by low T1 were rich in apoptotic or differentiating neuroblasts. Reductions in tumor-native T1 represented a sensitive biomarker of response to treatment-induced apoptosis with two MYCN-targeted small-molecule inhibitors, Aurora A kinase inhibitor alisertib (MLN8237) and mTOR inhibitor vistusertib (AZD2014). Overall, we demonstrate the potential of T1 mapping, a scan readily available on most clinical MRI scanners, to assess response to therapy and guide clinical trials for children with neuroblastoma. The study reinforces the potential role of MRI-based functional imaging in delivering precision medicine to children with neuroblastoma. SIGNIFICANCE: This study shows that MRI-based functional imaging can detect apoptotic responses to MYCN-targeted small-molecule inhibitors in a genetically engineered murine model of MYCN-driven neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Zormpas-Petridis
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London and The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Evon Poon
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London and The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Clarke
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London and The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Neil P Jerome
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London and The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jessica K R Boult
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London and The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew D Blackledge
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London and The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Fernando Carceller
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London and The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
- Children & Young People's Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Koers
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London and The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Giuseppe Barone
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D J Pearson
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London and The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Lucas Moreno
- Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - John Anderson
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Sebire
- Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kieran McHugh
- Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dow-Mu Koh
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London and The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Louis Chesler
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London and The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Yinyin Yuan
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London and The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Simon P Robinson
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London and The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Yann Jamin
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London and The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom.
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24
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Nejad-Davarani SP, Zakariaei N, Chen Y, Haacke EM, Hurst NJ, Salim Siddiqui M, Schultz LR, Snyder JM, Walbert T, Glide-Hurst CK. Rapid multicontrast brain imaging on a 0.35T MR-linac. Med Phys 2020; 47:4064-4076. [PMID: 32434276 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Magnetic resonance-guided radiation therapy (MRgRT) has shown great promise for localization and real-time tumor monitoring. However, to date, quantitative imaging has been limited for low field MRgRT. This work benchmarks quantitative T1, R2*, and Proton Density (PD)mapping in a phantom on a 0.35 T MR-linac and implements a novel acquisition method, STrategically Acquired Gradient Echo (STAGE). To further validate STAGE in a clinical setting, a pilot study was undertaken in a cohort of brain tumor patients to elucidate opportunities for longitudinal functional imaging with an MR-linac in the brain. METHODS STAGE (two triple-echo gradient echo (GRE) acquisitions) was optimized for a 0.35T low-field MR-linac. Simulations were performed to choose two flip angles to optimize signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and T1-mapping precision. Tradeoffs between SNR, scan time, and spatial resolution for whole-brain coverage were evaluated in healthy volunteers. Data were inputted into a STAGE processing pipeline to yield four qualitative images (T1-weighted, enhanced T1-weighted, proton-density (PD) weighted, and simulated FLuid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery (sFLAIR)), and three quantitative datasets (T1, PD, and R2*). A benchmarking ISMRM/NIST phantom consisting of vials with variable NiCl2 and MnCl2 concentrations was scanned using variable flip angles (VFA) (2-60 degrees) and inversion recovery (IR) methods at 0.35 T. STAGE and VFA T1 values of vials were compared to IR T1 values. As measures of agreement with reference values and repeatability, relative error (RE) and coefficient of variability (CV) were calculated, respectively, for quantitative MR values within the phantom vials (spheres). To demonstrate feasibility, longitudinal STAGE data (pretreatment, weekly, and ~ 2 months post-treatment) were acquired in an IRB-approved pilot study of brain tumor cases via the generation of temporal and differential quantitative MRI maps. RESULTS In the phantom, RE of measured VFA T1 and STAGE relative to IR reference values were 7.0 ± 2.5% and 9.5 ± 2.2% respectively. RE for the PD vials was 8.1 ± 6.8% and CV for phantom R2* measurements was 10.1 ± 9.9%. Simulations and volunteer experiments yielded final STAGE parameters of FA = 50°/10°, 1 × 1 × 3 mm3 resolution, TR = 40 ms, TE = 5/20/34 ms in 10 min (64 slices). In the pilot study of brain tumor patients, differential maps for R2* and T1 maps were sensitive to local tumor changes and appeared similar to 3 T follow-up MRI datasets. CONCLUSION Quantitative T1, R2*, and PD mapping are promising at 0.35 T agreeing well with reference data. STAGE phantom data offer quantitative representations comparable to traditional methods in a fraction of the acquisition time. Initial feasibility of implementing STAGE at 0.35 T in a patient brain tumor cohort suggests that detectable changes can be observed over time. With confirmation in a larger cohort, results may be implemented to identify areas of recurrence and facilitate adaptive radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siamak P Nejad-Davarani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, 2799 West Grand Blvd., Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Niloufar Zakariaei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, 2799 West Grand Blvd., Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4201 St Antoine Blvd, 8C UHC, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - E Mark Haacke
- Department of Radiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.,The MRI Institute for Biomedical Research, 30200 Telegraph Rd, STE 104, Bingham Farms, Detroit, MI, 48025, USA
| | - Newton J Hurst
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, 2799 West Grand Blvd., Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - M Salim Siddiqui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, 2799 West Grand Blvd., Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Lonni R Schultz
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, One Ford Place, Ste 3E, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - James M Snyder
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 West Grand Blvd, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Tobias Walbert
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 West Grand Blvd, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Carri K Glide-Hurst
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, 2799 West Grand Blvd., Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
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25
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Cai H, Dai X, Wang X, Tan P, Gu L, Luo Q, Zheng X, Li Z, Zhu H, Zhang H, Gu Z, Gong Q, Luo K. A Nanostrategy for Efficient Imaging-Guided Antitumor Therapy through a Stimuli-Responsive Branched Polymeric Prodrug. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1903243. [PMID: 32195104 PMCID: PMC7080516 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201903243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A stimuli-responsive polymeric prodrug-based nanotheranostic system with imaging agents (cyanine5.5 and gadolinium-chelates) and a therapeutic agent paclitaxel (PTX) is prepared via polymerization and conjugating chemistry. The branched polymeric PTX-Gd-based nanoparticles (BP-PTX-Gd NPs) demonstrate excellent biocompatibility, and high stability under physiological conditions, but they stimuli-responsively degrade and release PTX rapidly in a tumor microenvironment. The in vitro behavior of NPs labeled with fluorescent dyes is effectively monitored, and the NPs display high cytotoxicity to 4T1 cells similar to free PTX by impairing the function of microtubules, downregulating anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, and upregulating the expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved-PARP, and p53 proteins. Great improvement in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is demonstrated by these NPs, and MRI accurately maps the temporal change profile of the tumor volume after injection of NPs and the tumor treatment process is also closely correlated with the T 1 values measured from MRI, demonstrating the capability of providing real-time feedback to the chemotherapeutic treatment effectiveness. The imaging-guided chemotherapy to the 4T1 tumor in the mice model achieves an excellent anti-tumor effect. This stimuli-responsive polymeric nano-agent opens a new door for efficient breast cancer treatment under the guidance of fluorescence/MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cai
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Xinghang Dai
- West China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Ping Tan
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Lei Gu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Xiuli Zheng
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Zhiqian Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Amgen Bioprocessing CentreKeck Graduate InstituteClaremontCA91711USA
| | - Zhongwei Gu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
- National Engineering Research Center for BiomaterialsSichuan UniversityChengdu610064China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Kui Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)Department of RadiologyFunctional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
- National Engineering Research Center for BiomaterialsSichuan UniversityChengdu610064China
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Song P, Eldar YC, Mazor G, Rodrigues MRD. HYDRA: Hybrid deep magnetic resonance fingerprinting. Med Phys 2019; 46:4951-4969. [DOI: 10.1002/mp.13727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pingfan Song
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Imperial College London UK
| | - Yonina C. Eldar
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel
| | - Gal Mazor
- Department of Electrical Engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
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Tanoue M, Saito S, Takahashi Y, Araki R, Hashido T, Kioka H, Sakata Y, Yoshioka Y. Amide proton transfer imaging of glioblastoma, neuroblastoma, and breast cancer cells on a 11.7 T magnetic resonance imaging system. Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 62:181-190. [PMID: 31302222 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was (i) to determine the optimal magnetization transfer (MT) pulse parameter for amide proton transfer (APT) chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging on an ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system and (ii) to use APT CEST imaging to noninvasively assess brain orthotopic and ectopic tumor cells transplanted into the mouse brain. METHODS To evaluate APT without the influence of other metabolites, we prepared egg white phantoms. Next, we used 7-11-week-old nude female mice and the following cell lines to establish tumors after injection into the left striatum of mice: C6 (rat glioma, n = 8) as primary tumors and Neuro-2A (mouse neuroblastoma, n = 11) and MDA-MB231 (human breast cancer, n = 8) as metastatic tumors. All MRI experiments were performed on an 11.7 T vertical-bore scanner. CEST imaging was performed at 1 week after injection of Neuro-2A cells and at 2 weeks after injection of C6 and MDA-MB231 cells. The MT pulse amplitude was set at 2.2 μT or 4.4 μT. We calculated and compared the magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) and difference of MTR asymmetry between normal tissue and tumor (ΔMTR asymmetry) on APT CEST images between mouse models of brain tumors. Then, we performed hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and Ki-67 immunohistochemical staining to compare the APT CEST effect on tumor tissues and the pathological findings. RESULTS Phantom study of the amide proton phantom containing chicken egg white, z-spectra obtained at a pulse length of 500 ms showed smaller peaks, whereas those obtained at a pulse length of 2000 ms showed slightly higher peaks. The APT CEST effect on tumor tissues was clearer at a pulse amplitude of 2.2 μT than at 4.4 μT. For all mouse models of brain tumors, ΔMTR asymmetry was higher at 2.2 μT than at 4.4 μT. ΔMTR asymmetry was significantly higher for the Neuro-2A model than for the MDA-MB231 model. HE staining revealed light bleeding in Neuro-2A tumors. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the density of Ki-67-positive cells was higher in Neuro-2A tumors than in C6 or MDA-MB231 tumors. CONCLUSION The MTR was higher at 4.4 μT than at 2.2 μT for each concentration of egg white at a pulse length of 500 ms or 2000 ms. High-resolution APT CEST imaging on an ultra-high-field MRI system was able to provide tumor information such as proliferative potential and intratumoral bleeding, noninvasively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minori Tanoue
- Laboratory of Biofunctional Imaging, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 560-0871, Japan; Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 560-0871, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Saito
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 560-0871, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Rikita Araki
- BioSpin Division, Bruker Japan K.K., Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-0022, Japan
| | - Takashi Hashido
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 560-0871, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kioka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sakata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshichika Yoshioka
- Laboratory of Biofunctional Imaging, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 560-0871, Japan; Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 560-0871, Japan
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Kato Y, Ichikawa K, Okudaira K, Taoka T, Kawaguchi H, Murata K, Maruyama K, Koerzdoerfer G, Pfeuffer J, Nittka M, Naganawa S. Comprehensive Evaluation of B 1+-corrected FISP-based Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting: Accuracy, Repeatability and Reproducibility of T 1 and T 2 Relaxation Times for ISMRM/NIST System Phantom and Volunteers. Magn Reson Med Sci 2019; 19:168-175. [PMID: 31217366 PMCID: PMC7553811 DOI: 10.2463/mrms.mp.2019-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate comprehensively; accuracy, repeatability and reproducibility of T1 and T2 relaxation times measured by magnetic resonance fingerprinting using B1+-corrected fast imaging with steady-state precession (FISP–MRF). Methods: The International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine/National Institute of Standards and Technology (ISMRM/NIST) phantom was scanned for 100 days, and six healthy volunteers for 5 days using a FISP–MRF prototype sequence. Accuracy was evaluated on the phantom by comparing relaxation times measured by FISP–MRF with the reference values provided by the phantom manufacturer. Daily repeatability was characterized as the coefficient of variation (CV) of the measurements over 100 days for the phantom and over 5 days for volunteers. In addition, the cross-scanner reproducibility was evaluated in volunteers. Results: In the phantom study, T1 and T2 values from FISP–MRF showed a strong linear correlation with the reference values of the phantom (R2 = 0.9963 for T1; R2 = 0.9966 for T2). CVs were <1.0% for T1 values larger than 300 ms, and <3.0% for T2 values across a wide range. In the volunteer study, CVs for both T1 and T2 values were <5.0%, except for one subject. In addition, all T2 values estimated by FISP–MRF in vivo were lower than those measured with conventional mapping sequences reported in previous studies. The cross-scanner variation of T1 and T2 showed good agreement between two different scanners in the volunteers. Conclusion: B1+-corrected FISP-MRF showed an acceptable accuracy, repeatability and reproducibility in the phantom and volunteer studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Kato
- Department of Radiological Technology, Nagoya University Hospital
| | | | | | - Toshiaki Taoka
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shinji Naganawa
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University
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29
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Waterton JC, Hines CDG, Hockings PD, Laitinen I, Ziemian S, Campbell S, Gottschalk M, Green C, Haase M, Hassemer K, Juretschke HP, Koehler S, Lloyd W, Luo Y, Mahmutovic Persson I, O'Connor JPB, Olsson LE, Pindoria K, Schneider JE, Sourbron S, Steinmann D, Strobel K, Tadimalla S, Teh I, Veltien A, Zhang X, Schütz G. Repeatability and reproducibility of longitudinal relaxation rate in 12 small-animal MRI systems. Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 59:121-129. [PMID: 30872166 PMCID: PMC6477178 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many translational MR biomarkers derive from measurements of the water proton longitudinal relaxation rate R1, but evidence for between-site reproducibility of R1 in small-animal MRI is lacking. OBJECTIVE To assess R1 repeatability and multi-site reproducibility in phantoms for preclinical MRI. METHODS R1 was measured by saturation recovery in 2% agarose phantoms with five nickel chloride concentrations in 12 magnets at 5 field strengths in 11 centres on two different occasions within 1-13 days. R1 was analysed in three different regions of interest, giving 360 measurements in total. Root-mean-square repeatability and reproducibility coefficients of variation (CoV) were calculated. Propagation of reproducibility errors into 21 translational MR measurements and biomarkers was estimated. Relaxivities were calculated. Dynamic signal stability was also measured. RESULTS CoV for day-to-day repeatability (N = 180 regions of interest) was 2.34% and for between-centre reproducibility (N = 9 centres) was 1.43%. Mostly, these do not propagate to biologically significant between-centre error, although a few R1-based MR biomarkers were found to be quite sensitive even to such small errors in R1, notably in myocardial fibrosis, in white matter, and in oxygen-enhanced MRI. The relaxivity of aqueous Ni2+ in 2% agarose varied between 0.66 s-1 mM-1 at 3 T and 0.94 s-1 mM-1 at 11.7T. INTERPRETATION While several factors affect the reproducibility of R1-based MR biomarkers measured preclinically, between-centre propagation of errors arising from intrinsic equipment irreproducibility should in most cases be small. However, in a few specific cases exceptional efforts might be required to ensure R1-reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Waterton
- Bioxydyn Ltd, Manchester Science Park, Rutherford House, Pencroft Way, MANCHESTER M15 6SZ, United Kingdom; Centre for Imaging Sciences, Division of Informatics Imaging & Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, MANCHESTER M13 9PL, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Paul D Hockings
- Antaros Medical, BioVenture Hub, 43183 Mölndal, Sweden; MedTech West, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Iina Laitinen
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, R&D TIM - Bioimaging Germany, Industriepark Höchst, D-65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Sabina Ziemian
- Bayer AG, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, MR and CT Contrast Media Research, Müllerstraße 178, D-13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Simon Campbell
- In-Vivo Bioimaging UK, RD Platform Technology & Science, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, STEVENAGE, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom.
| | - Michael Gottschalk
- Lund University BioImaging Center, Klinikgatan 32, SE-222-42 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Claudia Green
- Bayer AG, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, MR and CT Contrast Media Research, Müllerstraße 178, D-13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Michael Haase
- In-Vivo Bioimaging UK, RD Platform Technology & Science, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, STEVENAGE, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom.
| | - Katja Hassemer
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, R&D TIM - Bioimaging Germany, Industriepark Höchst, D-65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Hans-Paul Juretschke
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, R&D TIM - Bioimaging Germany, Industriepark Höchst, D-65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sascha Koehler
- Bruker BioSpin MRI GmbH, Rudolf-Plank-Straße 23, D-76275 Ettlingen, Germany.
| | - William Lloyd
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, Division of Informatics Imaging & Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, MANCHESTER M13 9PL, United Kingdom.
| | - Yanping Luo
- iSAT Discovery, Abbvie, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064-1802, United States of America.
| | - Irma Mahmutovic Persson
- Department of Translational Sciences, Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
| | - James P B O'Connor
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, MANCHESTER M20 4BX, United Kingdom. james.o'
| | - Lars E Olsson
- Department of Translational Sciences, Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Kashmira Pindoria
- In-Vivo Bioimaging UK, RD Platform Technology & Science, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, STEVENAGE, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom.
| | - Jurgen E Schneider
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
| | - Steven Sourbron
- Leeds Imaging Biomarkers Group, Department of Biomedical Imaging Sciences, University of Leeds, LIGHT Labs, Clarendon Way, LEEDS LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
| | - Denise Steinmann
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, R&D TIM - Bioimaging Germany, Industriepark Höchst, D-65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Klaus Strobel
- Bruker BioSpin MRI GmbH, Rudolf-Plank-Straße 23, D-76275 Ettlingen, Germany.
| | - Sirisha Tadimalla
- Leeds Imaging Biomarkers Group, Department of Biomedical Imaging Sciences, University of Leeds, LIGHT Labs, Clarendon Way, LEEDS LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
| | - Irvin Teh
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
| | - Andor Veltien
- Radboud university medical center, Radiology (766), P.O.Box 9101, 6500, HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- iSAT Discovery, Abbvie, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064-1802, United States of America.
| | - Gunnar Schütz
- Bayer AG, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, MR and CT Contrast Media Research, Müllerstraße 178, D-13353 Berlin, Germany.
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García-Figueiras R, Baleato-González S, Padhani AR, Luna-Alcalá A, Vallejo-Casas JA, Sala E, Vilanova JC, Koh DM, Herranz-Carnero M, Vargas HA. How clinical imaging can assess cancer biology. Insights Imaging 2019; 10:28. [PMID: 30830470 PMCID: PMC6399375 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-019-0703-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cancers represent complex structures, which display substantial inter- and intratumor heterogeneity in their genetic expression and phenotypic features. However, cancers usually exhibit characteristic structural, physiologic, and molecular features and display specific biological capabilities named hallmarks. Many of these tumor traits are imageable through different imaging techniques. Imaging is able to spatially map key cancer features and tumor heterogeneity improving tumor diagnosis, characterization, and management. This paper aims to summarize the current and emerging applications of imaging in tumor biology assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto García-Figueiras
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Sandra Baleato-González
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Anwar R Padhani
- Paul Strickland Scanner Centre, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, Middlesex, England, HA6 2RN, UK
| | - Antonio Luna-Alcalá
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- MRI Unit, Clínica Las Nieves, Health Time, Jaén, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Vallejo-Casas
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Medicina Nuclear. IMIBIC. Hospital Reina Sofía. Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Evis Sala
- Department of Radiology and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Center, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Joan C Vilanova
- Department of Radiology, Clínica Girona and IDI, Lorenzana 36, 17002, Girona, Spain
| | - Dow-Mu Koh
- Department of Radiology, Royal Marsden Hospital & Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Michel Herranz-Carnero
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
- Molecular Imaging Program, IDIS, USC, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Herbert Alberto Vargas
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Radiology, 1275 York Av. Radiology Academic Offices C-278, New York, NY, 10065, USA
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31
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Almeida GS, Panek R, Hallsworth A, Webber H, Papaevangelou E, Boult JKR, Jamin Y, Chesler L, Robinson SP. Pre-clinical imaging of transgenic mouse models of neuroblastoma using a dedicated 3-element solenoid coil on a clinical 3T platform. Br J Cancer 2017; 117:791-800. [PMID: 28787429 PMCID: PMC5589996 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of clinical MRI scanners to conduct pre-clinical research facilitates comparisons with clinical studies. Here the utility and sensitivity of anatomical and functional MRI data/biomarkers acquired from transgenic mouse models of neuroblastoma using a dedicated radiofrequency (RF) coil on a clinical 3T scanner was evaluated. METHODS Multiparametric MRI of transgenic mice bearing abdominal neuroblastomas was performed at 3T, and data cross-referenced to that acquired from the same mice on a pre-clinical 7T MRI system. T2-weighted imaging, quantitation of the native longitudinal relaxation time (T1) and the transverse relaxation rate (R2*), and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI, was used to assess tumour volume, phenotype and response to cyclophosphamide or cabozantinib. RESULTS Excellent T2-weighted image contrast enabled clear tumour delineation at 3T. Significant correlations of tumour volume (R=0.98, P<0.0001) and R2* (R=0.87, P<0.002) measured at 3 and 7T were established. Mice with neuroblastomas harbouring the anaplastic lymphoma kinase mutation exhibited a significantly slower R2* (P<0.001), consistent with impaired tumour perfusion. DCE-MRI was performed simultaneously on three transgenic mice, yielding estimates of Ktrans for each tumour (median Ktrans values of 0.202, 0.168 and 0.114 min-1). Cyclophosphamide elicited a significant reduction in both tumour burden (P<0.002) and native T1 (P<0.01), whereas cabozantinib induced significant (P<0.01) tumour growth delay. CONCLUSIONS Simultaneous multiparametric MRI of multiple tumour-bearing animals using this coil arrangement at 3T can provide high efficiency/throughput for both phenotypic characterisation and evaluation of novel therapeutics, and facilitate the introduction of functional MRI biomarkers into aligned imaging-embedded clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto S Almeida
- Division of Radiotherapy & Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Rafal Panek
- Division of Radiotherapy & Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Albert Hallsworth
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Hannah Webber
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Efthymia Papaevangelou
- Division of Radiotherapy & Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Jessica KR Boult
- Division of Radiotherapy & Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Yann Jamin
- Division of Radiotherapy & Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Louis Chesler
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Simon P Robinson
- Division of Radiotherapy & Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
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Jiang Y, Ma D, Keenan KE, Stupic KF, Gulani V, Griswold MA. Repeatability of magnetic resonance fingerprinting T 1 and T 2 estimates assessed using the ISMRM/NIST MRI system phantom. Magn Reson Med 2016; 78:1452-1457. [PMID: 27790751 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate accuracy and repeatability of T1 and T2 estimates of a MR fingerprinting (MRF) method using the ISMRM/NIST MRI system phantom. METHODS The ISMRM/NIST MRI system phantom contains multiple compartments with standardized T1 , T2 , and proton density values. Conventional inversion-recovery spin echo and spin echo methods were used to characterize the T1 and T2 values in the phantom. The phantom was scanned using the MRF-FISP method over 34 consecutive days. The mean T1 and T2 values were compared with the values from the spin echo methods. The repeatability was characterized as the coefficient of variation of the measurements over 34 days. RESULTS T1 and T2 values from MRF-FISP over 34 days showed a strong linear correlation with the measurements from the spin echo methods (R2 = 0.999 for T1 ; R2 = 0.996 for T2 ). The MRF estimates over the wide ranges of T1 and T2 values have less than 5% variation, except for the shortest T2 relaxation times where the method still maintains less than 8% variation. CONCLUSION MRF measurements of T1 and T2 are highly repeatable over time and across wide ranges of T1 and T2 values. Magn Reson Med 78:1452-1457, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Dan Ma
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Kathryn E Keenan
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Karl F Stupic
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Vikas Gulani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mark A Griswold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Zhao D, Pacheco-Torres J, Hallac RR, White D, Peschke P, Cerdán S, Mason RP. Dynamic oxygen challenge evaluated by NMR T1 and T2*--insights into tumor oxygenation. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2015; 28:937-947. [PMID: 26058575 PMCID: PMC4506740 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
There is intense interest in developing non-invasive prognostic biomarkers of tumor response to therapy, particularly with regard to hypoxia. It has been suggested that oxygen sensitive MRI, notably blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) and tissue oxygen level-dependent (TOLD) contrast, may provide relevant measurements. This study examined the feasibility of interleaved T2*- and T1-weighted oxygen sensitive MRI, as well as R2* and R1 maps, of rat tumors to assess the relative sensitivity to changes in oxygenation. Investigations used cohorts of Dunning prostate R3327-AT1 and R3327-HI tumors, which are reported to exhibit distinct size-dependent levels of hypoxia and response to hyperoxic gas breathing. Proton MRI R1 and R2* maps were obtained for tumors of anesthetized rats (isoflurane/air) at 4.7 T. Then, interleaved gradient echo T2*- and T1-weighted images were acquired during air breathing and a 10 min challenge with carbogen (95% O2 -5% CO2). Signals were stable during air breathing, and each type of tumor showed a distinct signal response to carbogen. T2* (BOLD) response preceded T1 (TOLD) responses, as expected. Smaller HI tumors (reported to be well oxygenated) showed the largest BOLD and TOLD responses. Larger AT1 tumors (reported to be hypoxic and resist modulation by gas breathing) showed the smallest response. There was a strong correlation between BOLD and TOLD signal responses, but ΔR2* and ΔR1 were only correlated for the HI tumors. The magnitude of BOLD and TOLD signal responses to carbogen breathing reflected expected hypoxic fractions and oxygen dynamics, suggesting potential value of this test as a prognostic biomarker of tumor hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawen Zhao
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA 75390
| | - Jesús Pacheco-Torres
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA 75390
- Laboratory for Imaging and Spectroscopy by Magnetic Resonance LISMAR, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” CSIC/UAM, Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Rami R. Hallac
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA 75390
| | - Derek White
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA 75390
| | - Peter Peschke
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Radiooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Cerdán
- Laboratory for Imaging and Spectroscopy by Magnetic Resonance LISMAR, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” CSIC/UAM, Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ralph P. Mason
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA 75390
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: Ralph P. Mason, PhD Department of Radiology UT Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd. Dallas, TX 75390-9058 USA Phone: +1 (214) 648-8926 Fax: +1 (214) 648-2991
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Ravoori MK, Nishimura M, Singh SP, Lu C, Han L, Hobbs BP, Pradeep S, Choi HJ, Bankson JA, Sood AK, Kundra V. Tumor T1 Relaxation Time for Assessing Response to Bevacizumab Anti-Angiogenic Therapy in a Mouse Ovarian Cancer Model. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131095. [PMID: 26098849 PMCID: PMC4476738 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess whether T1 relaxation time of tumors may be used to assess response to bevacizumab anti-angiogenic therapy. Procedures: 12 female nude mice bearing subcutaneous SKOV3ip1-LC ovarian tumors were administered bevacizumab (6.25ug/g, n=6) or PBS (control, n=6) therapy twice a week for two weeks. T1 maps of tumors were generated before, two days, and 2 weeks after initiating therapy. Tumor weight was assessed by MR and at necropsy. Histology for microvessel density, proliferation, and apoptosis was performed. Results Bevacizumab treatment resulted in tumor growth inhibition (p<0.04, n=6), confirming therapeutic efficacy. Tumor T1 relaxation times increased in bevacizumab treated mice 2 days and 2 weeks after initiating therapy (p<.05, n=6). Microvessel density decreased 59% and cell proliferation (Ki67+) decreased 50% in the bevacizumab treatment group (p<.001, n=6), but not apoptosis. Conclusions Findings suggest that increased tumor T1 relaxation time is associated with response to bevacizumab therapy in ovarian cancer model and might serve as an early indicator of response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali K. Ravoori
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, U.T.- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Masato Nishimura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Sheela P. Singh
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, U.T.- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Chunhua Lu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, U.T.- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lin Han
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, U.T.- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Brian P. Hobbs
- Department of Biostatistics, U.T.- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sunila Pradeep
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, U.T.- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Hyun J. Choi
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, U.T.- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - James A. Bankson
- Department of Imaging Physics, U.T.- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Anil K. Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, U.T.- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, U.T.- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, U.T.- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Vikas Kundra
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, U.T.- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, U.T.- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Winfield JM, Payne GS, deSouza NM. Functional MRI and CT biomarkers in oncology. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2015; 42:562-78. [PMID: 25578953 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-014-2979-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Imaging biomarkers derived from MRI or CT describe functional properties of tumours and normal tissues. They are finding increasing numbers of applications in diagnosis, monitoring of response to treatment and assessment of progression or recurrence. Imaging biomarkers also provide scope for assessment of heterogeneity within and between lesions. A wide variety of functional parameters have been investigated for use as biomarkers in oncology. Some imaging techniques are used routinely in clinical applications while others are currently restricted to clinical trials or preclinical studies. Apparent diffusion coefficient, magnetization transfer ratio and native T1 relaxation time provide information about structure and organization of tissues. Vascular properties may be described using parameters derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, dynamic contrast-enhanced CT, transverse relaxation rate (R2*), vessel size index and relative blood volume, while magnetic resonance spectroscopy may be used to probe the metabolic profile of tumours. This review describes the mechanisms of contrast underpinning each technique and the technical requirements for robust and reproducible imaging. The current status of each biomarker is described in terms of its validation, qualification and clinical applications, followed by a discussion of the current limitations and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Winfield
- CRUK Imaging Centre at the Institute of Cancer Research, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK,
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Pishko GL, Muldoon LL, Pagel MA, Schwartz DL, Neuwelt EA. Vascular endothelial growth factor blockade alters magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers of vascular function and decreases barrier permeability in a rat model of lung cancer brain metastasis. Fluids Barriers CNS 2015; 12:5. [PMID: 25879723 PMCID: PMC4429592 DOI: 10.1186/2045-8118-12-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Blockade of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to promote vascular normalization and inhibit angiogenesis has been proposed for the treatment of brain metastases; however, vascular normalization has not been well-characterized in this disease. We investigated the effect of treatment with bevacizumab anti-VEGF antibody on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers of brain tumor vascular characteristics in comparison to small molecule delivery in a rat model of human lung cancer brain metastasis. Methods Athymic rats with A549 human lung adenocarcinoma intracerebral xenografts underwent MRI at 11.75 T before and one day after treatment with bevacizumab (n = 8) or saline control (n = 8) to evaluate tumor volume, free water content (edema), blood volume and vascular permeability (Ktrans). One day later, permeability to 14C-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) was measured in tumor and brain to assess the penetration of a small drug-like molecule. Results In saline control animals, tumor volume, edema and permeability increased over the two day assessment period. Compared to controls, bevacizumab treatment slowed the rate of tumor growth (P = 0.003) and blocked the increase in edema (P = 0.033), but did not alter tumor blood volume. Bevacizumab also significantly reduced Ktrans (P = 0.033) and AIB passive permeability in tumor (P = 0.04), but not to peritumoral tissue or normal brain. Post-treatment Ktrans correlated with AIB levels in the bevacizumab-treated rats but not in the saline controls. Conclusions The correlation of an MRI biomarker for decreased vascular permeability with decreased AIB concentration in tumor after antiangiogenic treatment suggests that bevacizumab partially restored the normal low permeability characteristics of the blood–brain barrier in a model of human lung cancer brain metastasis.
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Hectors SJCG, Jacobs I, Strijkers GJ, Nicolay K. Multiparametric MRI analysis for the identification of high intensity focused ultrasound-treated tumor tissue. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99936. [PMID: 24927280 PMCID: PMC4057317 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In this study endogenous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers for accurate segmentation of High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU)-treated tumor tissue and residual or recurring non-treated tumor tissue were identified. Methods Multiparametric MRI, consisting of quantitative T1, T2, Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) and Magnetization Transfer Ratio (MTR) mapping, was performed in tumor-bearing mice before (n = 14), 1 h after (n = 14) and 72 h (n = 7) after HIFU treatment. A non-treated control group was included (n = 7). Cluster analysis using the Iterative Self Organizing Data Analysis (ISODATA) technique was performed on subsets of MRI parameters (feature vectors). The clusters resulting from the ISODATA segmentation were divided into a viable and non-viable class based on the fraction of pixels assigned to the clusters at the different experimental time points. ISODATA-derived non-viable tumor fractions were quantitatively compared to histology-derived non-viable tumor volume fractions. Results The highest agreement between the ISODATA-derived and histology-derived non-viable tumor fractions was observed for feature vector {T1, T2, ADC}. R1 (1/T1), R2 (1/T2), ADC and MTR each were significantly increased in the ISODATA-defined non-viable tumor tissue at 1 h after HIFU treatment compared to viable, non-treated tumor tissue. R1, ADC and MTR were also significantly increased at 72 h after HIFU. Conclusions This study demonstrates that non-viable, HIFU-treated tumor tissue can be distinguished from viable, non-treated tumor tissue using multiparametric MRI analysis. Clinical application of the presented methodology may allow for automated, accurate and objective evaluation of HIFU treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie J. C. G. Hectors
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Center for Imaging Research and Education (CIRE), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Igor Jacobs
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Center for Imaging Research and Education (CIRE), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Gustav J. Strijkers
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Center for Imaging Research and Education (CIRE), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas Nicolay
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Center for Imaging Research and Education (CIRE), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Weidensteiner C, Allegrini PR, Sticker-Jantscheff M, Romanet V, Ferretti S, McSheehy PMJ. Tumour T1 changes in vivo are highly predictive of response to chemotherapy and reflect the number of viable tumour cells--a preclinical MR study in mice. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:88. [PMID: 24528602 PMCID: PMC3932835 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Effective chemotherapy rapidly reduces the spin–lattice relaxation of water protons (T1) in solid tumours and this change (ΔT1) often precedes and strongly correlates with the eventual change in tumour volume (TVol). To understand the biological nature of ΔT1, we have performed studies in vivo and ex vivo with the allosteric mTOR inhibitor, everolimus. Methods Mice bearing RIF-1 tumours were studied by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine TVol and T1, and MR spectroscopy (MRS) to determine levels of the proliferation marker choline and levels of lipid apoptosis markers, prior to and 5 days (endpoint) after daily treatment with vehicle or everolimus (10 mg/kg). At the endpoint, tumours were ablated and an entire section analysed for cellular and necrotic quantification and staining for the proliferation antigen Ki67 and cleaved-caspase-3 as a measure of apoptosis. The number of blood-vessels (BV) was evaluated by CD31 staining. Mice bearing B16/BL6 melanoma tumours were studied by MRI to determine T1 under similar everolimus treatment. At the endpoint, cell bioluminescence of the tumours was measured ex vivo. Results Everolimus blocked RIF-1 tumour growth and significantly reduced tumour T1 and total choline (Cho) levels, and increased polyunsaturated fatty-acids which are markers of apoptosis. Immunohistochemistry showed that everolimus reduced the %Ki67+ cells but did not affect caspase-3 apoptosis, necrosis, BV-number or cell density. The change in T1 (ΔT1) correlated strongly with the changes in TVol and Cho and %Ki67+. In B16/BL6 tumours, everolimus also decreased T1 and this correlated with cell bioluminescence; another marker of cell viability. Receiver-operating-characteristic curves (ROC) for everolimus on RIF-1 tumours showed that ΔT1 had very high levels of sensitivity and specificity (ROCAUC = 0.84) and this was confirmed for the cytotoxic patupilone in the same tumour model (ROCAUC = 0.97). Conclusion These studies suggest that ΔT1 is not a measure of cell density but reflects the decreased number of remaining viable and proliferating tumour cells due to perhaps cell and tissue destruction releasing proteins and/or metals that cause T1 relaxation. ΔT1 is a highly sensitive and specific predictor of response. This MRI method provides the opportunity to stratify a patient population during tumour therapy in the clinic.
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Beloueche-Babari M, Jamin Y, Arunan V, Walker-Samuel S, Revill M, Smith PD, Halliday J, Waterton JC, Barjat H, Workman P, Leach MO, Robinson SP. Acute tumour response to the MEK1/2 inhibitor selumetinib (AZD6244, ARRY-142886) evaluated by non-invasive diffusion-weighted MRI. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:1562-9. [PMID: 23942066 PMCID: PMC3776979 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-invasive imaging biomarkers underpin the development of molecularly targeted anti-cancer drugs. This study evaluates tumour apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), measured by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI), as a biomarker of response to the MEK1/2 inhibitor selumetinib (AZD6244, ARRY-142886) in human tumour xenografts. METHODS Nude mice bearing human BRAF(V600D) WM266.4 melanoma or BRAF(V600E) Colo205 colon carcinoma xenografts were treated for 4 days with vehicle or selumetinib. DW-MRI was performed before and 2 h after the last dose and excised tumours analysed for levels of phospho-ERK1/2, cleaved caspase 3 (CC3) and necrosis. RESULTS Selumetinib treatment induced tumour stasis and reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation in both WM266.4 and Colo205 tumour xenografts. Relative to day 0, mean tumour ADC was unchanged in the control groups but was significantly increased by up to 1.6-fold in selumetinib-treated WM266.4 and Colo205 tumours. Histological analysis revealed a significant increase in necrosis in selumetinib-treated WM266.4 and Colo205 xenografts and CC3 staining in selumetinib-treated Colo205 tumours relative to controls. CONCLUSION Changes in ADC following treatment with the MEK1/2 inhibitor selumetinib in responsive human tumour xenografts were concomitant with induction of tumour cell death. ADC may provide a useful non-invasive pharmacodynamic biomarker for early clinical assessment of response to selumetinib and other MEK-ERK1/2 signalling-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Beloueche-Babari
- Cancer Research UK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Y Jamin
- Cancer Research UK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5PT, UK
| | - V Arunan
- Cancer Research UK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5PT, UK
| | - S Walker-Samuel
- Cancer Research UK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5PT, UK
| | - M Revill
- AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, UK
| | - P D Smith
- AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, UK
| | - J Halliday
- AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, UK
| | - J C Waterton
- AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, UK
| | - H Barjat
- AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, UK
| | - P Workman
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - M O Leach
- Cancer Research UK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5PT, UK
| | - S P Robinson
- Cancer Research UK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5PT, UK
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Jamin Y, Tucker ER, Poon E, Popov S, Vaughan L, Boult JKR, Webber H, Hallsworth A, Baker LCJ, Jones C, Koh DM, Pearson ADJ, Chesler L, Robinson SP. Evaluation of clinically translatable MR imaging biomarkers of therapeutic response in the TH-MYCN transgenic mouse model of neuroblastoma. Radiology 2013; 266:130-40. [PMID: 23169794 PMCID: PMC4298658 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.12120128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate noninvasive and clinically translatable magnetic resonance (MR) imaging biomarkers of therapeutic response in the TH-MYCN transgenic mouse model of aggressive, MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS All experiments were performed in accordance with the local ethical review panel and the UK Home Office Animals Scientific Procedures Act 1986 and with the UK National Cancer Research Institute guidelines for the welfare of animals in cancer research. Multiparametric MR imaging was performed of abdominal tumors found in the TH-MYCN model. T2-weighted MR imaging, quantitation of native relaxation times T1 and T2, the relaxation rate R2*, and dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging were used to monitor tumor response to cyclophosphamide (25 mg/kg), the vascular disrupting agent ZD6126 (200 mg/kg), or the antiangiogenic agent cediranib (6 mg/kg, daily). Any significant changes in the measured parameters, and in the magnitude of the changes after treatment between treated and control cohorts, were identified by using Student two-tailed paired and unpaired t test, respectively, with a 5% level of significance. RESULTS Treatment with cyclophosphamide or cediranib induced a 54% or 20% reduction in tumor volume at 48 hours, respectively (P < .005 and P < .005, respectively; P < .005 and P < .005 versus control, respectively). Treatment with ZD6126 induced a 45% reduction in mean tumor volume 24 hours after treatment (P < .005; P < .005 versus control). The antitumor activity of cyclophosphamide, cediranib, and ZD6126 was consistently associated with a decrease in tumor T1 (P < .005, P < .005, and P < .005, respectively; P < .005, P < .005, and P < .005 versus control, respectively) and with a correlation between therapy-induced changes in native T1 and changes in tumor volume (r = 0.56; P < .005). Tumor response to cediranib was also associated with a decrease in the dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging-derived volume transfer constant (P = .07; P < .05 versus control) and enhancing fraction (P < .05; P < .01 versus control), and an increase in R2* (P < .005; P < .05 versus control). CONCLUSION The T1 relaxation time is a robust noninvasive imaging biomarker of response to therapy in tumors in TH-MYCN mice, which emulate high-risk neuroblastoma in children. T1 measurements can be readily implemented on clinical MR systems and should be investigated in translational clinical trials of new targeted therapies for pediatric neuroblastoma. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL http://radiology.rsna.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1148/radiol.12120128/-/DC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Jamin
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, England.
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Calmels L, Al-Sakere B, Ruaud JP, Leroy-Willig A, Mir LM. In vivo MRI Follow-up of Murine Tumors Treated by Electrochemotherapy and other Electroporation-based Treatments. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2012; 11:561-70. [DOI: 10.7785/tcrt.2012.500270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In vivo cell electropermeabilization can be used alone or in combination with a hydrophilic, nonpermeant cytotoxic drug such as bleomycin (electrochemotherapy) to efficiently treat tumors. We used magnetic resonance imaging to detect rapid structural modifications in tumors treated by electroporation-based methods. Water diffusion coefficient (ADC), transverse relaxation time (T2) and tumor volume of fibrosarcomas xenografted on syngenic mice were measured upon 3 groups of 6 treated mice within the 48 hrs following ECT done with a normal (BE) or a high dose of bleomycin (HBE), and after irreversible electroporation (IRE), and in three control groups. As expected, the tumor volume increased in the control groups at 48 hrs (p < 0.05) and the values of ADC and T2 did not varied significantly in the control groups except for ADC decrease and T2 increase observed between 3 hrs and 24 hrs (p < 0.03) in the group that received bleomycin only. Tumor volumes decreased significantly at 24 hrs in the IRE and HBE groups. The mean tumor ADC increased significantly at 24 hrs (+17.6%, p < 0.03) in the BE group, probably reflecting apoptosis, while in the HBE group the mean tumor ADC increased earlier, at 10 hrs (+19%, p < 0.03) because of the speed of the pseudoapopototic process. In the IRE group, the mean tumor ADC decreased significantly at 1 hrs (p < 0.05) and 3 hrs (p < 0.03), and T2 decreased (p < 0.03), both probably reflecting cell swelling induced by the vascular lock. Thus ADC and T2 changes in the treated tumors correlated with previous histological observations on the same tumor models. Noteworthy, ADC allowed the visualization of early and rapid changes in the treated tumors, when tumor volume monitoring was not yet able to detect any effect of the treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Calmels
- Univ. Paris-Sud, IR4M, UMR 8081
- CNRS, IR4M, UMR 8081, Orsay, 91405, France
| | - B. Al-Sakere
- Univ. Paris-Sud, UMR 8203
- CNRS, UMR 8203, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, 94805, France
| | - J.-P. Ruaud
- Univ. Paris-Sud, IR4M, UMR 8081
- CNRS, IR4M, UMR 8081, Orsay, 91405, France
| | - A. Leroy-Willig
- Univ. Paris-Sud, IR4M, UMR 8081
- CNRS, IR4M, UMR 8081, Orsay, 91405, France
| | - L. M. Mir
- Univ. Paris-Sud, UMR 8203
- CNRS, UMR 8203, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, 94805, France
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Boult JKR, Jamin Y, Jacobs V, Gilmour LD, Walker-Samuel S, Halliday J, Elvin P, Ryan AJ, Waterton JC, Robinson SP. False-negative MRI biomarkers of tumour response to targeted cancer therapeutics. Br J Cancer 2012; 106:1960-6. [PMID: 22596237 PMCID: PMC3388570 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-invasive quantitative imaging biomarkers are essential for the evaluation of novel targeted therapeutics. Before deployment in clinical trials, such imaging biomarkers require qualification, typically through pre-clinical identification of imaging-pathology correlates. METHODS First, in investigating imaging biomarkers of invasion, the response of orthotopic murine PC3 prostate xenografts to the Src inhibitor saracatinib was assessed using susceptibility contrast MRI. Second, the longitudinal response of chemically induced rat mammary adenocarcinomas to the VEGFR2 inhibitor vandetanib was monitored by intrinsic susceptibility MRI, to identify the time window of transient vascular normalisation. RESULTS No significant differences in fractional blood volume (%), vessel calibre (μm), native T(1) (ms) or apparent water diffusion coefficient were determined, despite reduced expression of activated Fak and paxillin in the saracatinib cohort. Treatment with vandetanib elicited a 60% antitumour response (P<0.01), 80% inhibition in vessel density (P<0.05) and reduction in hypoxia (P<0.05). There was, however, no significant change in tumour baseline R(2)* (s(-1)) or carbogen-induced ΔR(2)* with treatment. CONCLUSION Reporting negative imaging biomarker responses is important, to avoid the risk of clinical trials using the same biomarkers being undertaken with a false expectation of success, and the abandonment of promising new therapeutics based on a false-negative imaging biomarker response being mistaken for a true-negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K R Boult
- Cancer Research UK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Y Jamin
- Cancer Research UK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - V Jacobs
- AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Cheshire SK10 4TG, UK
| | - L D Gilmour
- Cancer Research UK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - S Walker-Samuel
- Cancer Research UK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - J Halliday
- AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Cheshire SK10 4TG, UK
| | - P Elvin
- AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Cheshire SK10 4TG, UK
| | - A J Ryan
- AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Cheshire SK10 4TG, UK
| | - J C Waterton
- AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Cheshire SK10 4TG, UK
| | - S P Robinson
- Cancer Research UK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
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Raza SA, Funicelli L, Sohaib SA, Collins DJ, Scurr E, Leach MO, Koh DM. Assessment of colorectal hepatic metastases by quantitative T2 relaxation time. Eur J Radiol 2011; 81:e536-40. [PMID: 21724358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2011.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine the T(2) relaxation time of colorectal hepatic metastases and changes in T(2) relaxation times following chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS 42 patients with 96 hepatic colorectal metastases underwent baseline MRI. Axial T(1), T(2) and multi-echo GRASE sequences were acquired. ROIs were drawn on T(2) relaxation maps, obtained from GRASE images, encompassing metastasis and normal liver to record T(2) relaxation time values. In 11 patients with 28 metastases, MRI was repeated using same protocol at 6 weeks following chemotherapy. The median pre-treatment T(2) values of metastases and normal liver were compared using the Mann-Whitney test. The pre- and post-treatment median T(2) values of metastases were compared using the Wilcoxon-Rank test for responding (n=16) and non-responding (n=12) lesions defined by RECIST criteria. The change in T(2) values (ΔT(2)) were compared and correlated with percentage change in lesion size. RESULTS There was no difference in the pre-treatment median T(2) of metastases between responding (67.3±8.6) and non-responding metastases (71.4±16.5). At the end of chemotherapy, there was a decrease in the median T(2) of responding lesions (61.6±12.6) p=0.83, and increase in non-responding lesions (76.2±18.4) p=0.03, but these were not significantly different from the pre-treatment values. There was no significant difference in ΔT(2) of responding and non-responding lesions (p=0.18) and no correlation was seen between size change and ΔT(2) (coefficient=0.3). CONCLUSION T(2) relaxation time does not appear to predict response of colorectal liver metastasis to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Arsalan Raza
- Department of Academic Radiology, Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5PT, United Kingdom.
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Serkova NJ. Translational imaging endpoints to predict treatment response to novel targeted anticancer agents. Drug Resist Updat 2011; 14:224-35. [PMID: 21640633 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2011.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Revised: 04/20/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) and World Health Organization (WHO) Criteria have been traditionally used for the evaluation of therapeutic response to chemotherapeutic treatment regimens. They determine anatomic criteria for patients response to anti-cancer therapy based on morphological measurements of each target lesion. While this assessment is justified for cytotoxic (chemotherapeutic) drugs, it is now recognized that morphological imaging protocols are poorly suited to the evaluation of the efficacy of novel signal transduction inhibitors (STIs) which exhibit cytostatic rather than cytotoxic properties. New imaging technologies are now designed to evaluate, in a functional manner, modifications in tumor metabolic activity, cellularity, and vascularization before a reduction in tumor volume can be detected. Introduction of physiological imaging end-points, derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) imaging protocols--including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound (US)--allow for early assessment of disruption in tumor perfusion and permeability for targeted anti-angiogenic agents. Diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) provides another physiological imaging end-point since tumor necrosis and cellularity are seen early in response to anti-angiogenic treatment. Changes in glucose and phospholipid turnover, based on metabolic MRI and positron emission tomography (PET), provide reliable markers for therapeutic response to novel receptor-targeting agents. Finally, novel molecular imaging techniques of protein and gene expression have been developed in animal models followed by a successful human application for gene therapy-based protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J Serkova
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Boult JK, Walker-Samuel S, Jamin Y, Leiper JM, Whitley GSJ, Robinson SP. Active site mutant dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 expression confers an intermediate tumour phenotype in C6 gliomas. J Pathol 2011; 225:344-52. [PMID: 21590769 DOI: 10.1002/path.2904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) metabolizes the endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). Constitutive over-expression of DDAH1, the isoform primarily associated with neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) results in increased tumour growth and vascularization, and elevated VEGF secretion. To address whether DDAH1-mediated tumour growth is reliant upon the enzymatic activity of DDAH1, cell lines expressing an active site mutant of DDAH1 incapable of metabolizing ADMA were created. Xenografts derived from these cell lines grew significantly faster than those derived from control cells, yet not as fast as those over-expressing wild-type DDAH1. VEGF expression in DDAH1 mutant-expressing tumours did not differ from control tumours but was significantly lower than that of wild-type DDAH1-over-expressing tumours. Fluorescence microscopy for CD31 and pimonidazole adduct formation demonstrated that DDAH1 mutant-expressing tumours had a lower endothelial content and demonstrated less hypoxia, respectively, than wild-type DDAH1-expressing tumours. However, there was no difference in uptake of the perfusion marker Hoechst 33342. Non-invasive multiparametric quantitative MRI, including the measurement of native T(1) and T(2) relaxation times and apparent water diffusion coefficient, was indicative of higher cellularity in DDAH1-expressing xenografts, which was confirmed by histological quantification of necrosis. C6 xenografts expressing active site mutant DDAH1 displayed an intermediate phenotype between tumours over-expressing wild-type DDAH1 and control tumours. These data suggest that enhanced VEGF expression downstream of DDAH1 was dependent upon ADMA metabolism, but that the DDAH1-mediated increase in tumour growth was only partially dependent upon its enzymatic activity, and therefore must involve an as-yet unidentified mechanism. DDAH1 is an important mediator of tumour progression, but appears to have addition roles independent of its metabolism of ADMA, which need to be considered in therapeutic strategies targeted against the NO/DDAH pathway in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Kr Boult
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey, UK
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Foltz WD, Haider MA, Chung P, Bayley A, Catton C, Ramanan V, Jaffray D, Wright GA, Ménard C. Prostate T(1) quantification using a magnetization-prepared spiral technique. J Magn Reson Imaging 2011; 33:474-81. [PMID: 21274991 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.22450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To adapt a magnetization-prepared spiral imaging technique, termed T1prep, for time-efficient radiofrequency (RF)-insensitive prostate T(1) quantification at 1.5 T and evaluate signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) limits to voxel-based versus subregion analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A magnetization-prepared spiral imaging technique was adapted for robust T(1) contrast development, multislice imaging within 5 minutes, and data regression to a monoexponential decay. In vitro testing evaluated RF insensitivity of the multislice acquisition plus method accuracy. A pilot study was performed in 15 patients with low or intermediate risk localized prostate cancer. RESULTS The multislice design displayed excellent RF insensitivity (<1% error for RF mistunings to ± 20%) and accuracy (within 3% of gold standard for T(1) values between 140 and 2100 msec). A clinical pilot study reported significantly reduced T(1) from PZ to CG to tumor subregions (PZ: 1421 ± 168 msec, n = 11; CG: 1314 ± 49 msec, n = 13; 1246 ± 68 msec, n = 8). SNR measurements identified an inappropriateness of voxel-based analysis. CONCLUSION T1prep can quantify prostate T(1) as an adjunct measure for quantitative perfusion measurements and longitudinal treatment response monitoring. Intrapatient heterogeneities support T(1) assessment within individual patients. SNR calculations will support a transition to voxel-based analysis in future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren D Foltz
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Ishigaki Y, Nakamura Y, Takehara T, Shimasaki T, Tatsuno T, Takano F, Ueda Y, Motoo Y, Takegami T, Nakagawa H, Kuwabata S, Nemoto N, Tomosugi N, Miyazawa S. Scanning electron microscopy with an ionic liquid reveals the loss of mitotic protrusions of cells during the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Microsc Res Tech 2011; 74:1024-31. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Accepted: 12/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Anti-Angiogenic/Vascular Effects of the mTOR Inhibitor Everolimus Are Not Detectable by FDG/FLT-PET. Transl Oncol 2010; 3:264-75. [PMID: 20689768 DOI: 10.1593/tlo.10127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Revised: 04/20/2010] [Accepted: 04/21/2010] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Noninvasive functional imaging of tumors can provide valuable early-response biomarkers, in particular, for targeted chemotherapy. Using various experimental tumor models, we have investigated the ability of positron emission tomography (PET) measurements of 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoro-glucose (FDG) and 3'-deoxy-3'-[(18)F]fluorothymidine (FLT) to detect response to the allosteric mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor everolimus. Tumor models were declared sensitive (murine melanoma B16/BL6 and human lung H596) or relatively insensitive (human colon HCT116 and cervical KB31), according to the IC(50) values (concentration inhibiting cell growth by 50%) for inhibition of proliferation in vitro (<10 nM and >1 microM, respectively). Everolimus strongly inhibited growth of the sensitive models in vivo but also significantly inhibited growth of the insensitive models, an effect attributable to its known anti-angiogenic/vascular properties. However, although tumor FDG and FLT uptake was significantly reduced in the sensitive models, it was not affected in the insensitive models, suggesting that endothelial-directed effects could not be detected by these PET tracers. Consistent with this hypothesis, in a well-vascularized orthotopic rat mammary tumor model, other antiangiogenic agents also failed to affect FDG uptake, despite inhibiting tumor growth. In contrast, the cytotoxic patupilone, a microtubule stabilizer, blocked tumor growth, and markedly reduced FDG uptake. These results suggest that FDG/FLT-PET may not be a suitable method for early markers of response to antiangiogenic agents and mTOR inhibitors in which anti-angiogenic/vascular effects predominate because the method could provide false-negative responses. These conclusions warrant clinical testing.
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