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Huang YR, Fan HQ, Kuang YY, Wang P, Lu S. The Relationship Between the Molecular Phenotypes of Brain Gliomas and the Imaging Features and Sensitivity of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2024; 36:541-551. [PMID: 38821723 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary malignant tumors of the brain, accounting for about 80% of all central nervous system malignancies. With the development of molecular biology, the molecular phenotypes of gliomas have been shown to be closely related to the process of diagnosis and treatment. The molecular phenotype of glioma also plays an important role in guiding treatment plans and evaluating treatment effects and prognosis. However, due to the heterogeneity of the tumors and the trauma associated with the surgical removal of tumor tissue, the application of molecular phenotyping in glioma is limited. With the development of imaging technology, functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide structural and function information about tumors in a noninvasive and radiation-free manner. MRI is very important for the diagnosis of intracranial lesions. In recent years, with the development of the technology for tumor molecular diagnosis and imaging, the use of molecular phenotype information and imaging procedures to evaluate the treatment outcome of tumors has become a hot topic. By reviewing the related literature on glioma treatment and molecular typing that has been published in the past 20 years, and referring to the latest 2020 NCCN treatment guidelines, summarizing the imaging characteristic and sensitivity of radiotherapy and chemotherapy of different molecular phenotypes of glioma. In this article, we briefly review the imaging characteristics of different molecular phenotypes in gliomas and their relationship with radiosensitivity and chemosensitivity of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-R Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - H-Q Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Y-Y Kuang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - P Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - S Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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2
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Azimi P, Yazdanian T, Ahmadiani A. mRNA markers for survival prediction in glioblastoma multiforme patients: a systematic review with bioinformatic analyses. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:612. [PMID: 38773447 PMCID: PMC11106946 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12345-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a type of fast-growing brain glioma associated with a very poor prognosis. This study aims to identify key genes whose expression is associated with the overall survival (OS) in patients with GBM. METHODS A systematic review was performed using PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science up to Journey 2024. Two researchers independently extracted the data and assessed the study quality according to the New Castle Ottawa scale (NOS). The genes whose expression was found to be associated with survival were identified and considered in a subsequent bioinformatic study. The products of these genes were also analyzed considering protein-protein interaction (PPI) relationship analysis using STRING. Additionally, the most important genes associated with GBM patients' survival were also identified using the Cytoscape 3.9.0 software. For final validation, GEPIA and CGGA (mRNAseq_325 and mRNAseq_693) databases were used to conduct OS analyses. Gene set enrichment analysis was performed with GO Biological Process 2023. RESULTS From an initial search of 4104 articles, 255 studies were included from 24 countries. Studies described 613 unique genes whose mRNAs were significantly associated with OS in GBM patients, of which 107 were described in 2 or more studies. Based on the NOS, 131 studies were of high quality, while 124 were considered as low-quality studies. According to the PPI network, 31 key target genes were identified. Pathway analysis revealed five hub genes (IL6, NOTCH1, TGFB1, EGFR, and KDR). However, in the validation study, only, the FN1 gene was significant in three cohorts. CONCLUSION We successfully identified the most important 31 genes whose products may be considered as potential prognosis biomarkers as well as candidate target genes for innovative therapy of GBM tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Azimi
- Neurosurgeon, Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Arabi Ave, Daneshjoo Blvd, Velenjak, Tehran, 19839- 63113, Iran.
| | | | - Abolhassan Ahmadiani
- Neurosurgeon, Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Arabi Ave, Daneshjoo Blvd, Velenjak, Tehran, 19839- 63113, Iran.
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Li Y, Wang Z, Yang J, Sun Y, He Y, Wang Y, Chen X, Liang Y, Zhang N, Wang X, Zhao W, Hu G, Yang Q. CircTRIM1 encodes TRIM1-269aa to promote chemoresistance and metastasis of TNBC via enhancing CaM-dependent MARCKS translocation and PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:102. [PMID: 38755678 PMCID: PMC11097450 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02019-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Peptides and proteins encoded by noncanonical open reading frames (ORFs) of circRNAs have recently been recognized to play important roles in disease progression, but the biological functions and mechanisms of these peptides and proteins are largely unknown. Here, we identified a potential coding circular RNA, circTRIM1, that was upregulated in doxorubicin-resistant TNBC cells by intersecting transcriptome and translatome RNA-seq data, and its expression was correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and poor prognosis in patients with TNBC. CircTRIM1 possesses a functional IRES element along with an 810 nt ORF that can be translated into a novel endogenously expressed protein termed TRIM1-269aa. Functionally, we demonstrated that TRIM1-269aa, which is involved in the biological functions of circTRIM1, promoted chemoresistance and metastasis in TNBC cells both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we found that TRIM1-269aa can be packaged into exosomes and transmitted between TNBC cells. Mechanistically, TRIM1-269aa enhanced the interaction between MARCKS and calmodulin, thus promoting the calmodulin-dependent translocation of MARCKS, which further initiated the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Overall, circTRIM1, which encodes TRIM1-269aa, promoted TNBC chemoresistance and metastasis by enhancing MARCKS translocation and PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation. Our investigation has yielded novel insights into the roles of protein-coding circRNAs and supported circTRIM1/TRIM1-269aa as a novel promising prognostic and therapeutic target for patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaming Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Zekun Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yuhan Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yinqiao He
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical College, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yiran Liang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Guohong Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Qifeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
- Research Institute of Breast Cancer, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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Yu P, Han Y, Meng L, Tian Y, Jin Z, Luo J, Han C, Xu W, Kong L, Zhang C. Exosomes derived from pulmonary metastatic sites enhance osteosarcoma lung metastasis by transferring the miR-194/215 cluster targeting MARCKS. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:2039-2056. [PMID: 38799644 PMCID: PMC11119511 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, a prevalent primary malignant bone tumor, often presents with lung metastases, severely impacting patient survival rates. Extracellular vesicles, particularly exosomes, play a pivotal role in the formation and progression of osteosarcoma-related pulmonary lesions. However, the communication between primary osteosarcoma and exosome-mediated pulmonary lesions remains obscure, with the potential impact of pulmonary metastatic foci on osteosarcoma progression largely unknown. This study unveils an innovative mechanism by which exosomes originating from osteosarcoma pulmonary metastatic sites transport the miR-194/215 cluster to the primary tumor site. This transportation enhances lung metastatic capability by downregulating myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) expression. Addressing this phenomenon, in this study we employ cationic bovine serum albumin (CBSA) to form nanoparticles (CBSA-anta-194/215) via electrostatic interaction with antagomir-miR-194/215. These nanoparticles are loaded into nucleic acid-depleted exosomal membrane vesicles (anta-194/215@Exo) targeting osteosarcoma lung metastatic sites. Intervention with bioengineered exosome mimetics (anta-194/215@Exo) not only impedes osteosarcoma progression but also significantly prolongs the lifespan of tumor-bearing mice. These findings suggest that pulmonary metastatic foci-derived exosomes initiate primary osteosarcoma lung metastasis by transferring the miR-194/215 cluster targeting MARCKS, making the miR-194/215 cluster a promising therapeutic target for inhibiting the progression of patients with osteosarcoma lung metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yubao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Lulu Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yanyuan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zhiwei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Chao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Wenjun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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Yang Y, Yang H, Yang C. Circ-AMOTL1 enhances cardiac fibrosis through binding with EIF4A3 and stabilizing MARCKS expression in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Cell Signal 2023; 111:110853. [PMID: 37586467 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects and possible mechanisms of circular RNAs (circRNAs) on diabetic myocardial fibrosis (DMF). METHODS We used an in vivo mice model of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes and conducted in vitro studies using cultured mouse cardiac fibroblast cells (CFs). RESULTS We found that the expression of circ-AMOTL1 was significantly upregulated in the myocardial tissue of diabetic mice compared to that in normal tissues. Inhibition of circ-AMOTL1 improved cardiac function in mice with type I diabetes and significantly repressed STZ-induced myocardial mesenchymal and perivascular fibrosis. In addition, silencing circ-AMOTL1 inhibited cell proliferation, decreased the expression levels of TGF-β1, collagen 1, collagen III, and α-SMA, and reduced the levels of ROS and NO in HG-treated CFs. Our data also indicated that silencing circ-AMOTL1 significantly reduced the expression of myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS). Finally, circ-AMOTL1 combined with the RNA-binding protein EIF4A3 to improve MARCKS stability. Moreover, co-transfection with si-circ-AMOTL1 and MARCKS reversed the effects of si-circ-AMOTL1 on cell proliferation, fibrotic marker proteins, and ROS and NO levels in vitro. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that circ-AMOTL1 plays a key role in STZ-induced DMF by modulating MARCKS, and that targeting circ-AMOTL1 may be a potential strategy to treat DMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Emergency Department, Dingzhou city People's Hospital, Dingzhou 073000, Hebei, PR China
| | - Huan Yang
- Emergency Department, Dingzhou city People's Hospital, Dingzhou 073000, Hebei, PR China
| | - Chong Yang
- Cardiology department, Dingzhou city People's Hospital, Dingzhou 073000, Hebei, PR China.
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She L, Mao X, Su L, Liu Z. Prognostic evaluation of patients with glioblastoma using a new score prediction model. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2023; 49:106902. [PMID: 37076410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite the wide reportage of prognostic factors for glioblastoma (GBM), it is difficult to determine how these factors interact to affect patients' survival. To determine the combination of prognostic factors, we retrospectively analyzed the clinic data of 248 IDH wild-type GBM patients and built a novel prediction model. The survival variables of patients were identified via univariate and multivariate analyses. In addition, the score prediction models were constructed by combining classification and regression tree (CART) analysis with Cox regression analysis. Finally, the prediction model was internally validated using the bootstrap method. Patients were followed for a median of 34.4 (interquartile range, 26.1-46.0) months. Multivariate analysis identified gross total resection (GTR) (HR 0.50, 95% CI: 0.38-0.67), unopened ventricles (HR 0.75 [0.57-0.99]), and MGMT methylation (HR 0.56 [0.41-0.76]) as favorable independent prognostic factors for PFS. GTR (HR 0.67 [0.49-0.92]), unopened ventricles (HR 0.60 [0.44-0.82]), and MGMT methylation (HR 0.54 [0.38-0.76]) were favorable independent prognostic factors for OS. In the process of building the model, we incorporated GTR, ventricular opening, MGMT methylation status, and age. The model had six and five terminal nodules in PFS and OS respectively. We grouped terminal nodes with similar hazard ratios together to form three sub-groups with different PFS and OS (P < 0.001). After the internal verification of bootstrap method, the model had a good fitting and calibration. GTR, unopened ventricles, and MGMT methylation were independently associated with more satisfactory survival. The novel score prediction model which we construct can provide a prognostic reference for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei She
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China; Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Mao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Lin Su
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Zhaoqian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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Yadav V, Sharma AK, Parashar G, Parashar NC, Ramniwas S, Jena MK, Tuli HS, Yadav K. Patent landscape highlighting therapeutic implications of peptides targeting myristoylated alanine-rich protein kinase-C substrate (MARCKS). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2023; 33:445-454. [PMID: 37526024 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2023.2240020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MARCKS protein, a protein kinase C (PKC) substrate, is known to be at the intersection of several intracellular signaling pathways and plays a pivotal role in cellular physiology. Unlike PKC inhibitors, MARCKS-targeting drug (BIO-11006) has shown early success in clinical trials involving lung diseases. Recent research investigations have identified two MARCKS-targeting peptides which possess multifaceted implications against asthma, cancer, inflammation, and lung diseases. AREAS COVERED This review article provides the patent landscape and recent developments on peptides targeting MARCKS for therapeutic purposes. Online free open-access databases were used to fetch out the patent information, and research articles were fetched using PubMed. EXPERT OPINION Research studies highlighting the intriguing role of MARCKS in human disease and physiology have dramatically increased in recent years. A similar increasing trend in the number of patents has also been observed related to the MARCKS-targeting peptides. Thus, there is a need to amalgamate and translate such a trend into therapeutic intervention. Our review article provides an overview of such recent advances, and we believe that our compilation will fetch the interest of researchers around the globe to develop MARCKS-targeting peptides in future for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Yadav
- Department of Translational Medicine, Clinical Research Centre, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Amarish Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Gaurav Parashar
- Division of Biomedical & Life Sciences, School of Science, Navrachana University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Nidarshana Chaturvedi Parashar
- Department of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Seema Ramniwas
- University Centre for Research & Development, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Jena
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Kiran Yadav
- Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Mohali, Punjab, India
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Manai M, ELBini-Dhouib I, Finetti P, Bichiou H, Reduzzi C, Aissaoui D, Ben-Hamida N, Agavnian E, Srairi-Abid N, Lopez M, Amri F, Guizani-Tabbane L, Rahal K, Mrad K, Manai M, Birnbaum D, Mamessier E, Cristofanilli M, Boussen H, Kharrat M, Doghri R, Bertucci F. MARCKS as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Inflammatory Breast Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182926. [PMID: 36139501 PMCID: PMC9496908 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most pro-metastatic form of breast cancer (BC). We previously demonstrated that protein overexpression of Myristoylated Alanine-Rich C Kinase Substrate (MARCKS) protein was associated with shorter survival in IBC patients. MARCKS has been associated with the PI3K/AKT pathway. MARCKS inhibitors are in development. Our objective was to investigate MARCKS, expressed preferentially in IBC that non-IBC (nIBC), as a novel potential therapeutic target for IBC. The biologic activity of MPS, a MARCKS peptide inhibitor, on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and mammosphere formation was evaluated in IBC (SUM149 and SUM190) and nIBC (MDA-MB-231 and MCF7) cell lines, as well as its effects on protein expression in the PTEN/AKT and MAPK pathways. The prognostic relevance of MARCKS and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) protein expression as a surrogate marker of metastasis-free survival (MFS) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in a retrospective series of archival tumor samples derived from 180 IBC patients and 355 nIBC patients. In vitro MPS impaired cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and mammosphere formation in IBC cells. MARCKS inhibition upregulated PTEN and downregulated pAKT and pMAPK expression in IBC cells, but not in nIBC cells. By IHC, MARCKS expression and PTEN expression were negatively correlated in IBC samples and were associated with shorter MFS and longer MFS, respectively, in multivariate analysis. The combination of MARCKS-/PTEN+ protein status was associated with longer MFS in IBC patient only (p = 8.7 × 10−3), and mirrored the molecular profile (MARCKS-downregulated/PTEN-upregulated) of MPS-treated IBC cell lines. In conclusion, our results uncover a functional role of MARCKS implicated in IBC aggressiveness. Associated with the good-prognosis value of the MARCKS-/PTEN+ protein status that mirrors the molecular profile of MPS-treated IBC cell lines, our results suggest that MARCKS could be a potential therapeutic target in patients with MARCKS-positive IBC. Future preclinical studies using a larger panel of IBC cell lines, animal models and analysis of a larger series of clinical samples are warranted in order to validate our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroua Manai
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Human Genetics Laboratory (LR99ES10), Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
- Anatomic Pathology Department, Salah Azaiz Institute, Tunis 1006, Tunisia
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (F.B.); Tel.: +1-312-900-6650 (M.M.); +33-4-91-22-35-37 (F.B.)
| | - Ines ELBini-Dhouib
- Biomolecules Laboratory of Venins and Theranostic Applications, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Pascal Finetti
- Predictive Oncology Laboratory, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, «Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer», 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Haifa Bichiou
- Laboratory of Medical Parasitology, Biotechnology, and Biomolecules-LR16 IPT06, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Carolina Reduzzi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Dorra Aissaoui
- Biomolecules Laboratory of Venins and Theranostic Applications, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Naziha Ben-Hamida
- Anatomic Pathology Department, Salah Azaiz Institute, Tunis 1006, Tunisia
| | - Emilie Agavnian
- Department of Bio-Pathology, Paoli-Calmettes Institute, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Najet Srairi-Abid
- Biomolecules Laboratory of Venins and Theranostic Applications, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Marc Lopez
- Predictive Oncology Laboratory, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, «Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer», 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Fatma Amri
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology Cellular Phytopathology and Biomolecules Valorisation (LR18ES03), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Lamia Guizani-Tabbane
- Laboratory of Medical Parasitology, Biotechnology, and Biomolecules-LR16 IPT06, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Rahal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Salah Azaiez Institute, Bab Saadoun, Tunis 1006, Tunisia
| | - Karima Mrad
- Anatomic Pathology Department, Salah Azaiz Institute, Tunis 1006, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Manai
- Mycology, Pathologies and Biomarkers Laboratory (LR16ES05), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Daniel Birnbaum
- Predictive Oncology Laboratory, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, «Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer», 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Emilie Mamessier
- Predictive Oncology Laboratory, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, «Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer», 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Massimo Cristofanilli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Hamouda Boussen
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospital of Ariana, Ariana 2080, Tunisia
| | - Maher Kharrat
- Human Genetics Laboratory (LR99ES10), Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Raoudha Doghri
- Anatomic Pathology Department, Salah Azaiz Institute, Tunis 1006, Tunisia
| | - François Bertucci
- Predictive Oncology Laboratory, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, «Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer», 13009 Marseille, France
- Medicine School, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Paoli-Calmettes Institute, 13009 Marseille, France
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (F.B.); Tel.: +1-312-900-6650 (M.M.); +33-4-91-22-35-37 (F.B.)
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Pan X, Burgman B, Wu E, Huang JH, Sahni N, Stephen Yi S. i-Modern: Integrated multi-omics network model identifies potential therapeutic targets in glioma by deep learning with interpretability. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:3511-3521. [PMID: 35860408 PMCID: PMC9284388 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective and precise classification of glioma patients for their disease risks is critical to improving early diagnosis and patient survival. In the recent past, a significant amount of multi-omics data derived from cancer patients has emerged. However, a robust framework for integrating multi-omics data types to efficiently and precisely subgroup glioma patients and predict survival prognosis is still lacking. In addition, effective therapeutic targets for treating glioma patients with poor prognoses are in dire need. To begin to resolve this difficulty, we developed i-Modern, an integrated Multi-omics deep learning network method, and optimized a sophisticated computational model in gliomas that can accurately stratify patients based on their prognosis. We built a survival-associated predictive framework integrating transcription profile, miRNA expression, somatic mutations, copy number variation (CNV), DNA methylation, and protein expression. This framework achieved promising performance in distinguishing high-risk glioma patients from those with good prognoses. Furthermore, we constructed multiple fully connected neural networks that are trained on prioritized multi-omics signatures or even only potential single-omics signatures, based on our customized scoring system. Together, the landmark multi-omics signatures we identified may serve as potential therapeutic targets in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxin Pan
- Department of Oncology, Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Brandon Burgman
- Department of Oncology, Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.,Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Graduate Programs (ILSGP), College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Erxi Wu
- Department of Oncology, Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.,Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX 76502, USA.,Department of Surgery, Texas A & M University Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Temple, TX 76508, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas A & M University Health Science Center, College of Pharmacy, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Jason H Huang
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX 76502, USA.,Department of Surgery, Texas A & M University Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Temple, TX 76508, USA
| | - Nidhi Sahni
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77230, USA.,Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Quantitative and Computational Biosciences Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - S Stephen Yi
- Department of Oncology, Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.,Department of Surgery, Texas A & M University Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Temple, TX 76508, USA.,Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences (ICES), The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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10
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Chen Z, Zhang W, Selmi C, Ridgway WM, Leung PS, Zhang F, Gershwin ME. The myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrates (MARCKS): A membrane-anchored mediator of the cell function. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 20:102942. [PMID: 34509657 PMCID: PMC9746065 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) and the MARCKS-related protein (MARCKSL1) are ubiquitous, highly conserved membrane-associated proteins involved in the structural modulation of the actin cytoskeleton, chemotaxis, motility, cell adhesion, phagocytosis, and exocytosis. MARCKS includes an N-terminal myristoylated domain for membrane binding, a highly conserved MARCKS Homology 2 (MH2) domain, and an effector domain (which is the phosphorylation site). MARCKS can sequester phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-diphosphate (PIP2) at lipid rafts in the plasma membrane of quiescent cells, an action reversed by protein kinase C (PKC), ultimately modulating the immune function. Being expressed mostly in innate immune cells, MARCKS promotes the inflammation-driven migration and adhesion of cells and the secretion of cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF). From a clinical point of view, MARCKS is overexpressed in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders, while the brain level of MARCKS phosphorylation is associated with Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, MARCKS is associated with the development and progression of numerous types of cancers. Data in autoimmune diseases are limited to rheumatoid arthritis models in which a connection between MARCKS and the JAK-STAT pathway is mediated by miRNAs. We provide a comprehensive overview of the structure of MARCKS, its molecular characteristics and functions from a biological and pathogenetic standpoint, and will discuss the clinical implications of this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilei Chen
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Weici Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States,Corresponding authors. (W. Zhang), (F. Zhang)
| | - Carlo Selmi
- Humanitas Research Hospital - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - William M. Ridgway
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Patrick S.C. Leung
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Fengchun Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China,Corresponding authors. (W. Zhang), (F. Zhang)
| | - M. Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
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11
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Iyer DN, Faruq O, Zhang L, Rastgoo N, Liu A, Chang H. Pathophysiological roles of myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) in hematological malignancies. Biomark Res 2021; 9:34. [PMID: 33958003 PMCID: PMC8101130 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00286-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) protein has been at the crossroads of multiple signaling pathways that govern several critical operations in normal and malignant cellular physiology. Functioning as a target of protein kinase C, MARCKS shuttles between the phosphorylated cytosolic form and the unphosphorylated plasma membrane-bound states whilst regulating several molecular partners including, but not limited to calmodulin, actin, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate, and phosphoinositide-3-kinase. As a result of these interactions, MARCKS directly or indirectly modulates a host of cellular functions, primarily including cytoskeletal reorganization, membrane trafficking, cell secretion, inflammatory response, cell migration, and mitosis. Recent evidence indicates that dysregulated expression of MARCKS is associated with the development and progression of hematological cancers. While it is understood that MARCKS impacts the overall carcinogenesis as well as plays a part in determining the disease outcome in blood cancers, we are still at an early stage of interpreting the pathophysiological roles of MARCKS in neoplastic disease. The situation is further complicated by contradictory reports regarding the role of phosphorylated versus an unphosphorylated form of MARCKS as an oncogene versus tumor suppressor in blood cancers. In this review, we will investigate the current body of knowledge and evolving concepts of the physical properties, molecular network, functional attributes, and the likely pathogenic roles of MARCKS in hematological malignancies. Key emphasis will also be laid upon understanding the novel mechanisms by which MARCKS determines the overall disease prognosis by playing a vital role in the induction of therapeutic resistance. Additionally, we will highlight the importance of MARCKS as a valuable therapeutic target in blood cancers and will discuss the potential of existing strategies available to tackle MARCKS-driven blood cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Narayanan Iyer
- Laboratory medicine program, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Omar Faruq
- Laboratory medicine program, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lun Zhang
- Laboratory medicine program, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nasrin Rastgoo
- Laboratory medicine program, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Aijun Liu
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital University, Beijing, China.
| | - Hong Chang
- Laboratory medicine program, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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12
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McAleenan A, Kelly C, Spiga F, Kernohan A, Cheng HY, Dawson S, Schmidt L, Robinson T, Brandner S, Faulkner CL, Wragg C, Jefferies S, Howell A, Vale L, Higgins JPT, Kurian KM. Prognostic value of test(s) for O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation for predicting overall survival in people with glioblastoma treated with temozolomide. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021; 3:CD013316. [PMID: 33710615 PMCID: PMC8078495 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd013316.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma is an aggressive form of brain cancer. Approximately five in 100 people with glioblastoma survive for five years past diagnosis. Glioblastomas that have a particular modification to their DNA (called methylation) in a particular region (the O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter) respond better to treatment with chemotherapy using a drug called temozolomide. OBJECTIVES To determine which method for assessing MGMT methylation status best predicts overall survival in people diagnosed with glioblastoma who are treated with temozolomide. SEARCH METHODS We searched MEDLINE, Embase, BIOSIS, Web of Science Conference Proceedings Citation Index to December 2018, and examined reference lists. For economic evaluation studies, we additionally searched NHS Economic Evaluation Database (EED) up to December 2014. SELECTION CRITERIA Eligible studies were longitudinal (cohort) studies of adults with diagnosed glioblastoma treated with temozolomide with/without radiotherapy/surgery. Studies had to have related MGMT status in tumour tissue (assessed by one or more method) with overall survival and presented results as hazard ratios or with sufficient information (e.g. Kaplan-Meier curves) for us to estimate hazard ratios. We focused mainly on studies comparing two or more methods, and listed brief details of articles that examined a single method of measuring MGMT promoter methylation. We also sought economic evaluations conducted alongside trials, modelling studies and cost analysis. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently undertook all steps of the identification and data extraction process for multiple-method studies. We assessed risk of bias and applicability using our own modified and extended version of the QUality In Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool. We compared different techniques, exact promoter regions (5'-cytosine-phosphate-guanine-3' (CpG) sites) and thresholds for interpretation within studies by examining hazard ratios. We performed meta-analyses for comparisons of the three most commonly examined methods (immunohistochemistry (IHC), methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) and pyrosequencing (PSQ)), with ratios of hazard ratios (RHR), using an imputed value of the correlation between results based on the same individuals. MAIN RESULTS We included 32 independent cohorts involving 3474 people that compared two or more methods. We found evidence that MSP (CpG sites 76 to 80 and 84 to 87) is more prognostic than IHC for MGMT protein at varying thresholds (RHR 1.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01 to 1.71). We also found evidence that PSQ is more prognostic than IHC for MGMT protein at various thresholds (RHR 1.36, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.84). The data suggest that PSQ (mainly at CpG sites 74 to 78, using various thresholds) is slightly more prognostic than MSP at sites 76 to 80 and 84 to 87 (RHR 1.14, 95% CI 0.87 to 1.48). Many variants of PSQ have been compared, although we did not see any strong and consistent messages from the results. Targeting multiple CpG sites is likely to be more prognostic than targeting just one. In addition, we identified and summarised 190 articles describing a single method for measuring MGMT promoter methylation status. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS PSQ and MSP appear more prognostic for overall survival than IHC. Strong evidence is not available to draw conclusions with confidence about the best CpG sites or thresholds for quantitative methods. MSP has been studied mainly for CpG sites 76 to 80 and 84 to 87 and PSQ at CpG sites ranging from 72 to 95. A threshold of 9% for CpG sites 74 to 78 performed better than higher thresholds of 28% or 29% in two of three good-quality studies making such comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra McAleenan
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Claire Kelly
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Francesca Spiga
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ashleigh Kernohan
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Hung-Yuan Cheng
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sarah Dawson
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration West (ARC West) , University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Lena Schmidt
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Tomos Robinson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sebastian Brandner
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Division of Neuropathology, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Claire L Faulkner
- Bristol Genetics Laboratory, Pathology Sciences, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Christopher Wragg
- Bristol Genetics Laboratory, Pathology Sciences, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Sarah Jefferies
- Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amy Howell
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Luke Vale
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Julian P T Higgins
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration West (ARC West) , University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Kathreena M Kurian
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Medical School: Brain Tumour Research Centre, Public Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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13
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Liu J, Chen SJ, Hsu SW, Zhang J, Li JM, Yang DC, Gu S, Pinkerton KE, Chen CH. MARCKS cooperates with NKAP to activate NF-kB signaling in smoke-related lung cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:4122-4136. [PMID: 33754052 PMCID: PMC7977464 DOI: 10.7150/thno.53558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for lung cancer development and progression; however, the mechanism of how cigarette smoke activates signaling pathways in promoting cancer malignancy remains to be established. Herein, we aimed to determine the contribution of a signaling protein, myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS), in smoke-mediated lung cancer. Methods: We firstly examined the levels of phosphorylated MARCKS (phospho-MARCKS) in smoke-exposed human lung cancer cells and specimens as well as non-human primate airway epithelium. Next, the MARCKS-interactome and its gene networks were identified. We also used genetic and pharmacological approaches to verify the functionality and molecular mechanism of smoke-induced phospho-MARCKS. Results: We observed that MARCKS becomes activated in airway epithelium and lung cancer cells in response to cigarette smoke. Functional proteomics revealed MARCKS protein directly binds to NF-κB-activating protein (NKAP). Following MARCKS phosphorylation at ser159 and ser163, the MARCKS-NKAP interaction was inhibited, leading to the activation of NF-κB signaling. In a screen of two cohorts of lung cancer patients, we confirmed that phospho-MARCKS is positively correlated with phospho-NF-κB (phospho-p65), and poor survival. Surprisingly, smoke-induced phospho-MARCKS upregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and stem-like properties. Conversely, targeting of MARCKS phosphorylation with MPS peptide, a specific MARCKS phosphorylation inhibitor, suppressed smoke-mediated NF-κB signaling activity, pro-inflammatory cytokines expression, aggressiveness and stemness of lung cancer cells. Conclusion: Our results suggest that phospho-MARCKS is a novel NF-kB activator in smoke-mediated lung cancer progression and provide a promising molecular model for developing new anticancer strategies.
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14
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Eustace NJ, Anderson JC, Warram JM, Widden HN, Pedersen RT, Alrefai H, Patel Z, Hicks PH, Placzek WJ, Gillespie GY, Hjelmeland AB, Willey CD. A cell-penetrating MARCKS mimetic selectively triggers cytolytic death in glioblastoma. Oncogene 2020; 39:6961-6974. [PMID: 33077834 PMCID: PMC7885995 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01511-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive malignancy with limited effectiveness of standard of care therapies including surgery, radiation, and temozolomide chemotherapy necessitating novel therapeutics. Unfortunately, GBMs also harbor several signaling alterations that protect them from traditional therapies that rely on apoptotic programmed cell death. Because almost all GBM tumors have dysregulated phosphoinositide signaling as part of that process, we hypothesized that peptide mimetics derived from the phospholipid binding domain of Myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) could serve as a novel GBM therapeutic. Using molecularly classified patient-derived xenograft (PDX) lines, cultured in stem-cell conditions, we demonstrate that cell permeable MARCKS effector domain (ED) peptides potently target all GBM molecular classes while sparing normal human astrocytes. Cell death mechanistic testing revealed that these peptides produce rapid cytotoxicity in GBM that overcomes caspase inhibition. Moreover, we identify a GBM-selective cytolytic death mechanism involving plasma membrane targeting and intracellular calcium accumulation. Despite limited relative partitioning to the brain, tail-vein peptide injection revealed tumor targeting in intracranially implanted GBM PDX. These results indicate that MARCKS ED peptide therapeutics may overcome traditional GBM resistance mechanisms, supporting further development of similar agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Eustace
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Joshua C Anderson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jason M Warram
- Department of Otolaryngology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Hayley N Widden
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Hasan Alrefai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Zeel Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Patricia H Hicks
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - William J Placzek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - G Yancey Gillespie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Anita B Hjelmeland
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Christopher D Willey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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15
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Sheats MK, Yin Q, Fang S, Park J, Crews AL, Parikh I, Dickson B, Adler KB. MARCKS and Lung Disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 60:16-27. [PMID: 30339463 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0285tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MARCKS (myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate) is a prominent PKC substrate expressed in all eukaryotic cells. It is known to bind to and cross-link actin filaments, to serve as a bridge between Ca2+/calmodulin and PKC signaling, and to sequester the signaling molecule phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the plasma membrane. Since the mid-1980s, this evolutionarily conserved and ubiquitously expressed protein has been associated with regulating cellular events that require dynamic actin reorganization, including cellular adhesion, migration, and exocytosis. More recently, translational studies have implicated MARCKS in the pathophysiology of a number of airway diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, lung cancer, and acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome. This article summarizes the structure and cellular function of MARCKS (also including MARCKS family proteins and MARCKSL1 [MARCKS-like protein 1]). Evidence for MARCKS's role in several lung diseases is discussed, as are the technological innovations that took MARCKS-targeting strategies from theoretical to therapeutic. Descriptions and updates derived from ongoing clinical trials that are investigating inhalation of a MARCKS-targeting peptide as therapy for patients with chronic bronchitis, lung cancer, and ARDS are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qi Yin
- 2 Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina; and
| | - Shijing Fang
- 2 Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina; and
| | - Joungjoa Park
- 2 Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina; and
| | - Anne L Crews
- 2 Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina; and
| | - Indu Parikh
- 3 BioMarck Pharmaceuticals, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Kenneth B Adler
- 2 Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina; and
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16
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Luo J, Chen Y, Xu Y, Tang M, Zhang X. Morphine contributed to the deterioration of cancer via miR-543/MARCKS/FcγR-mediated phagocytosis pathway. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 71:1584-1598. [PMID: 31373006 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It has been confirmed that morphine was detrimental to patients with cancers. Hence, we aimed to reveal a certain mechanism of morphine in cancer development. METHODS Microarray and GSEA analysis were utilized to seek for differently expressed genes and pathway. KEY FINDINGS Bioinformatics analysis identified that downregulation of MARCKS and upregulation of miR-543 in samples treated with morphine. FcγR-mediated phagocytosis pathway was illustrated to be upregulated in the control. PANC-1 and DU145 cell viability was increased but apoptosis was declined as morphine concentration went up from 10-8 to 10-6 mol/l. On the other curve, the viability was reduced and apoptosis was elevated from 10-6 to 10-5 mol/l. The expression of miR-543 ran the same trend as cell viability. Assays in vivo and in vitro validated that miR-543 facilitated cell viability, tumour growth, levels of CA199 and PSA, whereas inhibited apoptosis. MARCKS could target and inhibit miR-543 expression, which exhibited an opposite effect on cancer progression. MiR-543 blocked but MARCKS activated FcγR-mediated phagocytosis pathway. CONCLUSIONS Morphine at 10-6 mol/l could benefit miR-543 expression to inhibit MARCKS expression, consequently, blocking FcγR-mediated phagocytosis pathway, which contributed to the cancer progression in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghui Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiding Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiquan Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Miaomiao Tang
- Nursing Department, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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17
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Hartl M, Schneider R. A Unique Family of Neuronal Signaling Proteins Implicated in Oncogenesis and Tumor Suppression. Front Oncol 2019; 9:289. [PMID: 31058089 PMCID: PMC6478813 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuronal proteins GAP43 (neuromodulin), MARCKS, and BASP1 are highly expressed in the growth cones of nerve cells where they are involved in signal transmission and cytoskeleton organization. Although their primary structures are unrelated, these signaling proteins share several structural properties like fatty acid modification, and the presence of cationic effector domains. GAP43, MARCKS, and BASP1 bind to cell membrane phospholipids, a process reversibly regulated by protein kinase C-phosphorylation or by binding to the calcium sensor calmodulin (CaM). GAP43, MARCKS, and BASP1 are also expressed in non-neuronal cells, where they may have important functions to manage cytoskeleton architecture, and in case of MARCKS and BASP1 to act as cofactors in transcriptional regulation. During neoplastic cell transformation, the proteins reveal differential expression in normal vs. tumor cells, and display intrinsic tumor promoting or tumor suppressive activities. Whereas GAP43 and MARCKS are oncogenic, tumor suppressive functions have been ascribed to BASP1 and in part to MARCKS depending on the cell type. Like MARCKS, the myristoylated BASP1 protein is localized both in the cytoplasm and in the cell nucleus. Nuclear BASP1 participates in gene regulation converting the Wilms tumor transcription factor WT1 from an oncoprotein into a tumor suppressor. The BASP1 gene is downregulated in many human tumor cell lines particularly in those derived from leukemias, which display elevated levels of WT1 and of the major cancer driver MYC. BASP1 specifically inhibits MYC-induced cell transformation in cultured cells. The tumor suppressive functions of BASP1 and MARCKS could be exploited to expand the spectrum of future innovative therapeutic approaches to inhibit growth and viability of susceptible human tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Hartl
- Center of Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rainer Schneider
- Center of Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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18
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Xue B, Huang J, Ma B, Yang B, Chang D, Liu J. Astragaloside IV Protects Primary Cerebral Cortical Neurons from Oxygen and Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation by Activating the PKA/CREB Pathway. Neuroscience 2019; 404:326-337. [PMID: 30708047 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is one of the major leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and post-stroke cognitive impairment is a major contributor to this disability. Astragaloside IV (AST-IV) is a primary bioactive compound of Radix Astragali, which is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat stroke. AST-IV was found to possess cognition-enhancing properties against ischemic stroke; however, the mechanisms underlying this effect remain largely elusive. Mitochondrial health is critical to cell viability after ischemic injury. Cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) is a transcription factor that can be activated by protein kinase A (PKA) to preserve mitochondria, regulate memory and cognitive functions. We used an in vitro model of ischemic injury via oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) of cultured neurons, which led to PKA inactivation and decreased CREB phosphorylation, reduced cell viability, and increased neuronal apoptosis. We hypothesized that AST-IV could protect OGD-exposed cerebral cortical neurons by modulating the PKA/CREB signaling pathway and preserving mitochondrial function. We found that the mitochondrial and cellular injuries induced by OGD were reversed following treatment with AST-IV. The activity of neuronal mitochondria was evaluated by measuring the mitochondrial potential and the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). AST-IV significantly enhanced PKA and CREB phosphorylation and prevented OGD-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, thereby protecting neurons exposed to OGD from injury and death. Furthermore, the effects of AST-IV were partially blocked by a PKA inhibitor. Collectively, these data elucidated the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of AST-IV against ischemic injury in cortical neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Xue
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jisheng Huang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Ma
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dennis Chang
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Jianxun Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
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Eustace NJ, Anderson JC, Langford CP, Trummell HQ, Hicks PH, Jarboe JS, Mobley JA, Hjelmeland AB, Hackney JR, Pedersen RT, Cosby K, Gillespie GY, Bonner JA, Willey CD. Myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate effector domain phosphorylation regulates the growth and radiation sensitization of glioblastoma. Int J Oncol 2019; 54:2039-2053. [PMID: 30942445 PMCID: PMC6521926 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma harbors frequent alterations in receptor tyrosine kinases, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) that dysregulate phospholipid signaling driven tumor proliferation and therapeutic resistance. Myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) is a 32 kDa intrinsically unstructured protein containing a polybasic (+13) effector domain (ED), which regulates its electrostatic sequestration of phospholipid phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2), and its binding to phosphatidylserine, calcium/calmodulin, filamentous actin, while also serving as a nuclear localization sequence. MARCKS ED is phosphorylated by protein kinase C (PKC) and Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) kinases; however, the impact of MARCKS on glioblastoma growth and radiation sensitivity remains undetermined. In the present study, using a tetracycline-inducible system in PTEN-null U87 cells, we demonstrate that MARCKS overexpression suppresses growth and enhances radiation sensitivity in vivo. A new image cytometer, Xcyto10, was utilized to quantify differences in MARCKS ED phosphorylation on localization and its association with filamentous actin. The overexpression of the non-phosphorylatable ED mutant exerted growth-suppressive and radiation-sensitizing effects, while the pseudo-phosphorylated ED mutant exhibited an enhanced colony formation and clonogenic survival ability. The identification of MARCKS protein-protein interactions using co-immunoprecipitation coupled with tandem mass spectrometry revealed novel MARCKS-associated proteins, including importin-β and ku70. On the whole, the findings of this study suggest that the determination of the MARCKS ED phosphorylation status is essential to understanding the impact of MARCKS on cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Eustace
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Joshua C Anderson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Catherine P Langford
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Hoa Q Trummell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Patricia H Hicks
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - John S Jarboe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - James A Mobley
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Anita B Hjelmeland
- Department of Cell molecular and Developmental Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - James R Hackney
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | | | - Kadia Cosby
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - G Yancey Gillespie
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - James A Bonner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Christopher D Willey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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20
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Wei JH, Feng ZH, Cao Y, Zhao HW, Chen ZH, Liao B, Wang Q, Han H, Zhang J, Xu YZ, Li B, Wu JT, Qu GM, Wang GP, Liu C, Xue W, Liu Q, Lu J, Li CX, Li PX, Zhang ZL, Yao HH, Pan YH, Chen WF, Xie D, Shi L, Gao ZL, Huang YR, Zhou FJ, Wang SG, Liu ZP, Chen W, Luo JH. Predictive value of single-nucleotide polymorphism signature for recurrence in localised renal cell carcinoma: a retrospective analysis and multicentre validation study. Lancet Oncol 2019; 20:591-600. [PMID: 30880070 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(18)30932-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of high-risk localised renal cell carcinoma is key for the selection of patients for adjuvant treatment who are at truly higher risk of reccurrence. We developed a classifier based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to improve the predictive accuracy for renal cell carcinoma recurrence and investigated whether intratumour heterogeneity affected the precision of the classifier. METHODS In this retrospective analysis and multicentre validation study, we used paraffin-embedded specimens from the training set of 227 patients from Sun Yat-sen University (Guangzhou, Guangdong, China) with localised clear cell renal cell carcinoma to examine 44 potential recurrence-associated SNPs, which were identified by exploratory bioinformatics analyses of a genome-wide association study from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (KIRC) dataset (n=114, 906 600 SNPs). We developed a six-SNP-based classifier by use of LASSO Cox regression, based on the association between SNP status and patients' recurrence-free survival. Intratumour heterogeneity was investigated from two other regions within the same tumours in the training set. The six-SNP-based classifier was validated in the internal testing set (n=226), the independent validation set (Chinese multicentre study; 428 patients treated between Jan 1, 2004 and Dec 31, 2012, at three hospitals in China), and TCGA set (441 retrospectively identified patients who underwent resection between 1998 and 2010 for localised clear cell renal cell carcinoma in the USA). The main outcome was recurrence-free survival; the secondary outcome was overall survival. FINDINGS Although intratumour heterogeneity was found in 48 (23%) of 206 cases in the internal testing set with complete SNP information, the predictive accuracy of the six-SNP-based classifier was similar in the three different regions of the training set (areas under the curve [AUC] at 5 years: 0·749 [95% CI 0·660-0·826] in region 1, 0·734 [0·651-0·814] in region 2, and 0·736 [0·649-0·824] in region 3). The six-SNP-based classifier precisely predicted recurrence-free survival of patients in three validation sets (hazard ratio [HR] 5·32 [95% CI 2·81-10·07] in the internal testing set, 5·39 [3·38-8·59] in the independent validation set, and 4·62 [2·48-8·61] in the TCGA set; all p<0·0001), independently of patient age or sex and tumour stage, grade, or necrosis. The classifier and the clinicopathological risk factors (tumour stage, grade, and necrosis) were combined to construct a nomogram, which had a predictive accuracy significantly higher than that of each variable alone (AUC at 5 years 0·811 [95% CI 0·756-0·861]). INTERPRETATION Our six-SNP-based classifier could be a practical and reliable predictor that can complement the existing staging system for prediction of localised renal cell carcinoma recurrence after surgery, which might enable physicians to make more informed treatment decisions about adjuvant therapy. Intratumour heterogeneity does not seem to hamper the accuracy of the six-SNP-based classifier as a reliable predictor of recurrence. The classifier has the potential to guide treatment decisions for patients at differing risks of recurrence. FUNDING National Key Research and Development Program of China, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Foundation of China, and Guangzhou Science and Technology Foundation of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Huan Wei
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zi-Hao Feng
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun Cao
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong-Wei Zhao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University Medical College, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Chen
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing Liao
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Han
- Department of Urology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Ze Xu
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Li
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ji-Tao Wu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University Medical College, Shandong, China
| | - Gui-Mei Qu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University Medical College, Shandong, China
| | - Guo-Ping Wang
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cai-Xia Li
- School of Mathematics and Computational Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pei-Xing Li
- School of Mathematics and Computational Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Zhang
- Department of Urology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao-Hua Yao
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Hui Pan
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen-Fang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Xie
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University Medical College, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen-Li Gao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University Medical College, Shandong, China
| | - Yi-Ran Huang
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Jian Zhou
- Department of Urology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shao-Gang Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi-Ping Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun-Hang Luo
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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21
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Xu C, Fang Y, Yang Z, Jing Y, Zhang Y, Liu C, Liu W. MARCKS regulates tonic and chronic active B cell receptor signaling. Leukemia 2019; 33:710-729. [PMID: 30209404 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0244-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Tonic or chronic active B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling is essential for the survival of normal or some malignant B cells, respectively. However, the molecular mechanism regulating the strength of these two types of BCR signaling remains unknown. Here, using high-speed high-resolution single-molecule tracking in live cells, we identified that PKCβ, STIM1, and IP3R1/2/3 molecules affected the lateral Brownian mobile behavior of BCRs on the plasma membrane of quiescent B cells, which was correlated to the strength of BCR signaling. Further mechanistic studies revealed that these three molecules influenced BCR mobility by regulating the membrane tethering of MARCKS to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. Indeed, membrane-untethered or deficiency of MARCKS significantly decreased, while membrane-tethered or overexpression of MARCKS drastically increased the lateral mobility of BCRs. Functional experiments indicated that the membrane-tethered MARCKS suppressed the survival and/or proliferation in both B-cell tumor cells and mouse primary splenic B cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that membrane-tethered MARCKS increased BCR lateral mobility, and thus decreased BCR nanoclustering by disturbing the interaction between cortical F-actin and the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane, resulting in the suppression of the strength of both tonic and chronic active BCR signaling. Conclusively, MARCKS is a newly identified molecule regulating the strength of BCR signaling by modulating cytoskeleton and plasma membrane interactions, both in the physiological and pathological conditions, suggesting that MARCKS is a putative target for drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenguang Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yan Fang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhiyong Yang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Yukai Jing
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chaohong Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Wanli Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing, 100084, China.
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22
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Identification of the Gene Expression Rules That Define the Subtypes in Glioma. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7100350. [PMID: 30322114 PMCID: PMC6210469 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7100350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As a common brain cancer derived from glial cells, gliomas have three subtypes: glioblastoma, diffuse astrocytoma, and anaplastic astrocytoma. The subtypes have distinctive clinical features but are closely related to each other. A glioblastoma can be derived from the early stage of diffuse astrocytoma, which can be transformed into anaplastic astrocytoma. Due to the complexity of these dynamic processes, single-cell gene expression profiles are extremely helpful to understand what defines these subtypes. We analyzed the single-cell gene expression profiles of 5057 cells of anaplastic astrocytoma tissues, 261 cells of diffuse astrocytoma tissues, and 1023 cells of glioblastoma tissues with advanced machine learning methods. In detail, a powerful feature selection method, Monte Carlo feature selection (MCFS) method, was adopted to analyze the gene expression profiles of cells, resulting in a feature list. Then, the incremental feature selection (IFS) method was applied to the obtained feature list, with the help of support vector machine (SVM), to extract key features (genes) and construct an optimal SVM classifier. Several key biomarker genes, such as IGFBP2, IGF2BP3, PRDX1, NOV, NEFL, HOXA10, GNG12, SPRY4, and BCL11A, were identified. In addition, the underlying rules of classifying the three subtypes were produced by Johnson reducer algorithm. We found that in diffuse astrocytoma, PRDX1 is highly expressed, and in glioblastoma, the expression level of PRDX1 is low. These rules revealed the difference among the three subtypes, and how they are formed and transformed. These genes are not only biomarkers for glioma subtypes, but also drug targets that may switch the clinical features or even reverse the tumor progression.
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23
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Li C, Xia R, Xue H, Hu Y, Sun M, Fang D, Yang W, Xiao F, Hou J. Overexpression of MARCKS indicates a poor prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:5498-5504. [PMID: 30250622 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS) is a protein kinase C substrate functioning in different physiological and pathological mechanisms. Previous studies have suggested that MARCKS is capable of influencing tumorigenesis and progression. However, a limited number of studies are available regarding the role of MARCKS in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The present study primarily examined MARCKS expression in the OSCC tissues. Furthermore, increased expression of MARCKS was confirmed in the majority of OSCC tissues. Increased MARCKS expression was correlated with more advanced tumor stages, lymphatic metastasis and a poorer overall patient survival. Further molecular mechanistic examinations revealed that downregulated MARCKS expression inhibited the proliferation and migration of OSCC cells in vitro through interruption of MARCKS expression. In addition, the present study demonstrated that MARCKS aggravated OSCC progression via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway. Accordingly, the present study considered MARCKS to be a promoter of OSCC tumorigenesis and progression, with the potential utility as a biomarker of a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjing Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Rong Xia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Haowei Xue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Yukun Hu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Ming Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Dongdong Fang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Wenyu Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Jun Hou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
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24
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Dussaq AM, Kennell T, Eustace NJ, Anderson JC, Almeida JS, Willey CD. Kinomics toolbox-A web platform for analysis and viewing of kinomic peptide array data. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202139. [PMID: 30130366 PMCID: PMC6103510 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinomics is an emerging field of science that involves the study of global kinase activity. As kinases are essential players in virtually all cellular activities, kinomic testing can directly examine protein function, distinguishing kinomics from more remote, upstream components of the central dogma, such as genomics and transcriptomics. While there exist several different approaches for kinomic research, peptide microarrays are the most widely used and involve kinase activity assessment through measurement of phosphorylation of peptide substrates on the array. Unfortunately, bioinformatic tools for analyzing kinomic data are quite limited necessitating the development of accessible open access software in order to facilitate standardization and dissemination of kinomic data for scientific use. Here, we examine and present tools for data analysis for the popular PamChip® (PamGene International) kinomic peptide microarray. As a result, we propose (1) a procedural optimization of kinetic curve data capture, (2) new methods for background normalization, (3) guidelines for the detection of outliers during parameterization, and (4) a standardized data model to store array data at various analytical points. In order to utilize the new data model, we developed a series of tools to implement the new methods and to visualize the various data models. In the interest of accessibility, we developed this new toolbox as a series of JavaScript procedures that can be utilized as either server side resources (easily packaged as web services) or as client side scripts (web applications running in the browser). The aggregation of these tools within a Kinomics Toolbox provides an extensible web based analytic platform that researchers can engage directly and web programmers can extend. As a proof of concept, we developed three analytical tools, a technical reproducibility visualizer, an ANOVA based detector of differentially phosphorylated peptides, and a heatmap display with hierarchical clustering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M. Dussaq
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Timothy Kennell
- Informatics Institute, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Nicholas J. Eustace
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Joshua C. Anderson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Jonas S. Almeida
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Christopher D. Willey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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25
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Combinatorial Drug Testing in 3D Microtumors Derived from GBM Patient-Derived Xenografts Reveals Cytotoxic Synergy in Pharmacokinomics-informed Pathway Interactions. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8412. [PMID: 29849102 PMCID: PMC5976646 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26840-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common form of primary malignant brain cancer in adults, is a devastating disease for which effective treatment has remained elusive for over 75 years. One reason for the minimal progress during this time is the lack of accurate preclinical models to represent the patient's tumor's in vivo environment, causing a disconnect in drug therapy effectiveness between the laboratory and clinic. While patient-derived xenografts (PDX's or xenolines) are excellent human tumor representations, they are not amenable to high throughput testing. Therefore, we developed a miniaturized xenoline system (microtumors) for drug testing. Nineteen GBM xenolines were profiled for global kinase (kinomic) activity revealing actionable kinase targets associated with intracranial tumor growth rate. Kinase inhibitors for these targets (WP1066, selumetinib, crizotinib, and cediranib) were selected for single and combination therapy using a fully human-derived three-dimensional (3D) microtumor model of GBM xenoline cells embedded in HuBiogel for subsequent molecular and phenotype assays. GBM microtumors closely resembled orthotopically-implanted tumors based on immunohistochemical analysis and displayed kinomic and morphological diversity. Drug response testing could be reproducibly performed in a 96-well format identifying several synergistic combinations. Our findings indicate that 3D microtumors can provide a suitable high-throughput model for combination drug testing.
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26
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Fong LWR, Yang DC, Chen CH. Myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS): a multirole signaling protein in cancers. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2018; 36:737-747. [PMID: 29039083 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-017-9709-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence implicates myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS), a major substrate of protein kinase C (PKC), in a critical role for cancer development and progression. MARCKS is tethered to the plasma membrane but can shuttle between the cytosol and plasma membrane via the myristoyl-electrostatic switch. Phosphorylation of MARCKS by PKC leads to its translocation from the plasma membrane to the cytosol where it functions in actin cytoskeletal remodeling, Ca2+ signaling through binding to calmodulin, and regulation of exocytic vesicle release in secretory cells such as neurons and airway goblet cells. Although the contribution of MARCKS to various cellular processes has been extensively studied, its roles in neoplastic disease have been conflicting. This review highlights the molecular and functional differences of MARCKS that exist between normal and tumor cells. We also discuss the recent advances in the potential roles of MARCKS in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and resistance to anti-cancer therapies, with a focus on addressing the inconsistent results regarding the function of MARCKS as a promoter or inhibitor of oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lon Wolf R Fong
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David C Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Ching-Hsien Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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Song HM, Li X, Liu YY, Lu WP, Cui ZH, Zhou L, Yao D, Zhang HM. Carnosic acid protects mice from high-fat diet-induced NAFLD by regulating MARCKS. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:193-207. [PMID: 29620148 PMCID: PMC5979837 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) comprises a spectrum of liver damage characterized by abnormal hepatic fat accumulation and inflammatory response. Although the molecular mechanisms responsible for the disease are not yet fully understood, the pathogenesis of NAFLD likely involves multiple signals. The identification of effective therapeutic strategies to target these signals is of utmost importance. Carnosic acid (CA), as a phenolic diterpene with anticancer, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic and neuroprotective properties, is produced by many species of the Lamiaceae family. Myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) is a major protein kinase C (PKC) substrate in many different cell types. In the present study, wild-type C57BL/6 and MARCKS-deficient mice were randomly divided into the normal chow- or high-fat (HF) diet-fed groups. The HF diet increased the fasting glucose and insulin levels, and promoted glucose intolerance in the wild-type mice. MARCKS deficiency further upregulated intolerance, fasting glucose and insulin. The HF diet also promoted hepatic steatosis, serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activity, inflammation and lipid accumulation in the wild-type mice. These responses were accelerated in the MARCKS-deficient mice. Importantly, increased inflammation and lipid accumulation were associated with phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT, NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) signaling pathway activation. The mice treated with CA exhibited a significantly improved glucose and insulin tolerance. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipid accumulation were suppressed by CA. Significantly, MARCKS was reduced in mice fed the HF diet. CA treatment upregulated MARCKS expression compared to the HF group. Furthermore, the activation of the PI3K/AKT, NLRP3/NF-κB and SREBP-1c signaling pathways was inhibited by CA. Taken together, our data suggest that CA suppresses inflammation and lipogenesis in mice fed a HF diet through MARCKS regulation. Thus, CA may be prove to be a useful anti-NAFLD agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Mao Song
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Ping Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Hui Cui
- Department of Endocrinology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Di Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Man Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
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Yang Z, Xu S, Jin P, Yang X, Li X, Wan D, Zhang T, Long S, Wei X, Chen G, Meng L, Liu D, Fang Y, Chen P, Ma D, Gao Q. MARCKS contributes to stromal cancer-associated fibroblast activation and facilitates ovarian cancer metastasis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:37649-37663. [PMID: 27081703 PMCID: PMC5122339 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cancer Genome Atlas network has revealed that the 'mesenchymal' epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) subtype represents the poorest outcome, indicating a crucial role of stromal cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in disease progression. The cooperative role of CAFs in EOC metastasis has long been recognized, but the mechanisms of stromal CAFs activation are still obscure. Therefore, we carried out an integrative analysis to identify the regulator genes that are responsible for CAFs activation in microdissected tumor stroma profiles. Here, we determined that myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) was highly expressed in ovarian stroma, and was required for the differentiation and tumor promoting function of CAFs. Suppression of MARCKS resulted in the loss of CAF features, and diminished role of CAFs in supporting tumor cell growth in 3D organotypic cultures and in murine xenograft model. Mechanistically, we found that MARCKS maintained CAF activation through suppression of cellular senescence and activation of the AKT/Twist1 signaling. Moreover, high MARCKS expression was associated with poor patient survival in EOC. Collectively, our findings identify the potential of MARCKS inhibition as a novel stroma-oriented therapy in EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyuan Yang
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Sen Xu
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ping Jin
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Dongyi Wan
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Taoran Zhang
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Sixiang Long
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xiao Wei
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Li Meng
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yong Fang
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Pingbo Chen
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ding Ma
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Qinglei Gao
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
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Dorris E, O'Neill A, Hanrahan K, Treacy A, Watson RW. MARCKS promotes invasion and is associated with biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:72021-72030. [PMID: 29069765 PMCID: PMC5641108 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overtreatment of low-grade prostate cancer is a recognised problem for clinicians and patients. However, under-treatment runs the risk of missing the opportunity for cure in those who could benefit. Identification of new biomarkers of disease progression, including metastases, is required to better stratify and appropriately treat these patients. The ability to predict if prostate cancer will recur is an important clinical question that would impact treatment options for patients. Studies in other cancers have associated MARCKS with metastasis. METHODS Tissue microarrays of local prostatectomy samples from a cohort of biochemical recurrent and non-biochemical recurrent tumours were assayed for MARCKS protein expression. Prostate cancer cell lines were transfected with siRNA targeting MARCKS or a control and functional endpoints of migration, invasion, proliferation, viability and apoptosis were measured. Actin was visualised by fluorescent microscopy and evidence of a cadherin switch and activation of the AKT pathway were assayed. RESULTS MARCKS was upregulated in biochemical recurrent patients compared to non-biochemical recurrent. Knockdown of MARCKS reduced migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells, reduced MMP9 mRNA expression, as well as decreasing cell spreading and increased cell:cell adhesion in prostate cancer cell colonies. Knockdown of MARCKS had no effect on proliferation, viability or apoptosis of the prostate cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, MARCKS promotes migration and invasion and is associated with biochemical recurrence in localised prostate cancer tumours. The mechanisms by which this occurs have yet to be fully elucidated but lack of a cadherin switch indicates it is not via epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Actin rearrangement indicates that MARCKS promotes invasion through regulating the architecture of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Dorris
- UCD School of Medicine, Conway Institute for Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Amanda O'Neill
- UCD School of Medicine, Conway Institute for Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Karen Hanrahan
- UCD School of Medicine, Conway Institute for Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Ann Treacy
- Pathology Department, Mater Private Hospital, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - R William Watson
- UCD School of Medicine, Conway Institute for Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Chen CH, Fong LWR, Yu E, Wu R, Trott JF, Weiss RH. Upregulation of MARCKS in kidney cancer and its potential as a therapeutic target. Oncogene 2017; 36:3588-3598. [PMID: 28166200 PMCID: PMC5926797 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Targeted therapeutics, such as those abrogating hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)/vascular endothelial growth factor signaling, are initially effective against kidney cancer (or renal cell carcinoma, RCC); however, drug resistance frequently occurs via subsequent activation of alternative pathways. Through genome-scale integrated analysis of the HIF-α network, we identified the major protein kinase C substrate MARCKS (myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate) as a potential target molecule for kidney cancer. In a screen of nephrectomy samples from 56 patients with RCC, we found that MARCKS expression and its phosphorylation are increased and positively correlate with tumor grade. Genetic and pharmacologic suppression of MARCKS in high-grade RCC cell lines in vitro led to a decrease in cell proliferation and migration. We further demonstrated that higher MARCKS expression promotes growth and angiogenesis in vivo in an RCC xenograft tumor. MARCKS acted upstream of the AKT/mTOR pathway, activating HIF-target genes, notably vascular endothelial growth factor-A. Following knockdown of MARCKS in RCC cells, the IC50 of the multikinase inhibitor regorafenib was reduced. Surprisingly, attenuation of MARCKS using the MPS (MARCKS phosphorylation site domain) peptide synergistically interacted with regorafenib treatment and decreased survival of kidney cancer cells through inactivation of AKT and mTOR. Our data suggest a major contribution of MARCKS to kidney cancer growth and provide an alternative therapeutic strategy of improving the efficacy of multikinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-H Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - LWR Fong
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - E Yu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - R Wu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - JF Trott
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - RH Weiss
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Medical Service, Department of Veterans’ Affairs Northern California Health Care System Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
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Rohrbach TD, Jones RB, Hicks PH, Weaver AN, Cooper TS, Eustace NJ, Yang ES, Jarboe JS, Anderson JC, Willey CD. MARCKS phosphorylation is modulated by a peptide mimetic of MARCKS effector domain leading to increased radiation sensitivity in lung cancer cell lines. Oncol Lett 2016; 13:1216-1222. [PMID: 28454237 PMCID: PMC5403188 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality in the United States. Kinase hyperactivation is a known mechanism of tumorigenesis. The phosphorylation status of the plasma membrane-associated protein myristoylated alanine rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) effector domain (ED) was previously established as being important in the sensitivity of lung cancer to radiation. Specifically, when MARCKS ED was in a non-phosphorylated state, lung cancer cells were more susceptible to ionizing radiation and experienced prolonged double-strand DNA breaks. Additional studies demonstrated that the phosphorylation status of MARCKS ED is important for gene expression and in vivo tumor growth. The present study used a peptide mimetic of MARCKS ED as a therapeutic intervention to modulate MARCKS phosphorylation. Culturing A549, H1792 and H1975 lung cancer cell lines with the MARCKS ED peptide led to reduced levels of phosphorylated MARCKS and phosphorylated Akt serine/threonine kinase 1. Further investigation demonstrated that the peptide therapy was able to reduce lung cancer cell proliferation and increase radiation sensitivity. In addition, the MARCKS peptide therapy was able to prolong double-strand DNA breaks following ionizing radiation exposure. The results of the present study demonstrate that a peptide mimetic of MARCKS ED is able to modulate MARCKS phosphorylation, leading to an increase in sensitivity to radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Rohrbach
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35249, USA
| | - Robert B Jones
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35249, USA
| | - Patricia H Hicks
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35249, USA
| | - Alice N Weaver
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35249, USA
| | - Tiffiny S Cooper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35249, USA
| | - Nicholas J Eustace
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35249, USA
| | - Eddy S Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35249, USA
| | - John S Jarboe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35249, USA
| | - Joshua C Anderson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35249, USA
| | - Christopher D Willey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35249, USA
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Network Modeling Identifies Patient-specific Pathways in Glioblastoma. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28668. [PMID: 27354287 PMCID: PMC4926112 DOI: 10.1038/srep28668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive type of malignant human brain tumor. Molecular profiling experiments have revealed that these tumors are extremely heterogeneous. This heterogeneity is one of the principal challenges for developing targeted therapies. We hypothesize that despite the diverse molecular profiles, it might still be possible to identify common signaling changes that could be targeted in some or all tumors. Using a network modeling approach, we reconstruct the altered signaling pathways from tumor-specific phosphoproteomic data and known protein-protein interactions. We then develop a network-based strategy for identifying tumor specific proteins and pathways that were predicted by the models but not directly observed in the experiments. Among these hidden targets, we show that the ERK activator kinase1 (MEK1) displays increased phosphorylation in all tumors. By contrast, protein numb homolog (NUMB) is present only in the subset of the tumors that are the most invasive. Additionally, increased S100A4 is associated with only one of the tumors. Overall, our results demonstrate that despite the heterogeneity of the proteomic data, network models can identify common or tumor specific pathway-level changes. These results represent an important proof of principle that can improve the target selection process for tumor specific treatments.
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Brandi J, Dalla Pozza E, Dando I, Biondani G, Robotti E, Jenkins R, Elliott V, Park K, Marengo E, Costello E, Scarpa A, Palmieri M, Cecconi D. Secretome protein signature of human pancreatic cancer stem-like cells. J Proteomics 2016; 136:1-12. [PMID: 26850699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Emerging research has demonstrated that pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) contains a sub-population of cancer stem cells (CSCs) characterized by self-renewal, anchorage-independent-growth, long-term proliferation and chemoresistance. The secretome analysis of pancreatic CSCs has not yet been performed, although it may provide insight into tumour/microenvironment interactions and intracellular processes, as well as to identify potential biomarkers. To characterize the secreted proteins of pancreatic CSCs, we performed an iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis to compare the secretomes of Panc1 cancer stem-like cells (Panc1 CSCs) and parental cell line. A total of 72 proteins were found up-/down-regulated in the conditioned medium of Panc1 CSCs. The pathway analysis revealed modulation of vital physiological pathways including glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and pentose phosphate. Through ELISA immunoassays we analysed the presence of the three proteins most highly secreted by Panc1 CSCs (ceruloplasmin, galectin-3, and MARCKS) in sera of PDAC patient. ROC curve analysis suggests ceruloplasmin as promising marker for patients negative for CA19-9. Overall, our study provides a systemic secretome analysis of pancreatic CSCs revealing a number of secreted proteins which participate in pathological conditions including cancer differentiation, invasion and metastasis. They may serve as a valuable pool of proteins from which biomarkers and therapeutic targets can be identified. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE The secretome of CSCs is a rich reservoir of biomarkers of cancer progression and molecular therapeutic targets, and thus is a topic of great interest for cancer research. The secretome analysis of pancreatic CSCs has not yet been performed. Recently, our group has demonstrated that Panc-1 CSCs isolated from parental cell line by using the CSC selective medium, represent a model of great importance to deepen the understanding of the biology of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. To our knowledge, this is the first proteomic study of pancreatic CSC secretome. We performed an iTRAQ-based analysis to compare the secretomes of Panc1 CSCs and Panc1 parental cell line and identified a total of 43 proteins secreted at higher level by pancreatic cancer stem cells. We found modulation of different vital physiological pathways (such as glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway) and the involvement of CSC secreted proteins (for example 72kDa type IV collagenase, galectin-3, alpha-actinin-4, and MARCKS) in pathological conditions including cancer differentiation, invasion and metastasis. By ELISA verification we found that MARCKS and ceruloplasmin discriminate between controls and PDAC patients; in addition ROC curve analyses indicate that MARCKS does not have diagnostic accuracy, while ceruloplasmin could be a promising marker only for patients negative for CA19-9. We think that the findings reported in our manuscript advance the understanding of the pathways implicated in tumourigenesis, metastasis and chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer, and also identify a pool of proteins from which novel candidate diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers could be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Brandi
- University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology, Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Elisa Dalla Pozza
- University of Verona, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Ilaria Dando
- University of Verona, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Giulia Biondani
- University of Verona, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Elisa Robotti
- University of Piemonte Orientale, Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, Alessandria 15121, Italy
| | - Rosalind Jenkins
- University of Liverpool, MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, Liverpool L69 3GE, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Elliott
- NIHR Liverpool Pancreas Biomedical Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Therapeutic Cancer Medicine, Liverpool L69 3GA, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Park
- University of Liverpool, MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, Liverpool L69 3GE, United Kingdom
| | - Emilio Marengo
- University of Piemonte Orientale, Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, Alessandria 15121, Italy
| | - Eithne Costello
- NIHR Liverpool Pancreas Biomedical Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Therapeutic Cancer Medicine, Liverpool L69 3GA, United Kingdom
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Applied Research on Cancer Network (ARC-NET) and Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Marta Palmieri
- University of Verona, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, Verona 37134, Italy.
| | - Daniela Cecconi
- University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology, Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Verona 37134, Italy
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MARCKS Signaling Differentially Regulates Vascular Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Cell Proliferation through a KIS-, p27kip1- Dependent Mechanism. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141397. [PMID: 26528715 PMCID: PMC4631550 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Overexpression of the myristolated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS) occurs in vascular proliferative diseases such as restenosis after bypass surgery. MARCKS knockdown results in arrest of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation with little effect on endothelial cell (EC) proliferation. We sought to identify the mechanism of differential regulation by MARCKS of VSMC and EC proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Methods and Results siRNA-mediated MARCKS knockdown in VSMCs inhibited proliferation and prevented progression from phase G0/G1 to S. Protein expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27kip1, but not p21cip1 was increased by MARCKS knockdown. MARCKS knockdown did not affect proliferation in VSMCs derived from p27kip1-/- mice indicating that the effect of MARCKS is p27kip1-dependent. MARCKS knockdown resulted in decreased phosphorylation of p27kip1 at threonine 187 and serine 10 as well as, kinase interacting with stathmin (KIS), cyclin D1, and Skp2 expression. Phosphorylation of p27kip1 at serine 10 by KIS is required for nuclear export and degradation of p27kip1. MARCKS knockdown caused nuclear trapping of p27kip1. Both p27kip1 nuclear trapping and cell cycle arrest were released by overexpression of KIS, but not catalytically inactive KIS. In ECs, MARCKS knockdown paradoxically increased KIS expression and cell proliferation. MARCKS knockdown in a murine aortic injury model resulted in decreased VSMC proliferation determined by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) integration assay, and inhibition of vascular wall thickening. MARCKS knockdown increased the rate of re-endothelialization. Conclusions MARCKS knockdown arrested VSMC cell cycle by decreasing KIS expression. Decreased KIS expression resulted in nuclear trapping of p27kip1 in VSMCs. MARCKS knockdown paradoxically increased KIS expression in ECs resulting in increased EC proliferation. MARCKS knockdown significantly attenuated the VSMC proliferative response to vascular injury, but accelerated reestablishment of an intact endothelium. MARCKS is a novel translational target with beneficial cell type-specific effects on both ECs and VSMCs.
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The Effector Domain of MARCKS Is a Nuclear Localization Signal that Regulates Cellular PIP2 Levels and Nuclear PIP2 Localization. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140870. [PMID: 26470026 PMCID: PMC4607481 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Translocation to the nucleus of diacylglycerol kinase (DGK)– ζ is dependent on a sequence homologous to the effector domain of Myristoylated Alanine Rich C-Kinase Substrate (MARCKS). These data would suggest that MARCKS could also localize to the nucleus. A single report demonstrated immunofluorescence staining of MARCKS in the nucleus; however, further experimental evidence confirming the specific domain responsible for this localization has not been reported. Here, we report that MARCKS is present in the nucleus in GBM cell lines. We then over-expressed wild-type MARCKS (WT) and MARCKS with the effector domain deleted (ΔED), both tagged with V5-epitope in a GBM cell line with low endogenous MARCKS expression (U87). We found that MARCKS-WT localized to the nucleus, while the MARCKS construct without the effector domain remained in the cytoplasm. We also found that over-expression of MARCKS-WT resulted in a significant increase in total cellular phosphatidyl-inositol (4,5) bisphosphate (PIP2) levels, consistent with prior evidence that MARCKS can regulate PIP2 levels. We also found increased staining for PIP2 in the nucleus with MARCKS-WT over-expression compared to MARCKS ΔED by immunofluorescence. Interestingly, we observed MARCKS and PIP2 co-localization in the nucleus. Lastly, we found changes in gene expression when MARCKS was not present in the nucleus (MARCKS ΔED). These data indicate that the MARCKS effector domain can function as a nuclear localization signal and that this sequence is critical for the ability of MARCKS to regulate PIP2 levels, nuclear localization, and gene expression. These data suggests a novel role for MARCKS in regulating nuclear functions such as gene expression.
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Brudvig JJ, Weimer JM. X MARCKS the spot: myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate in neuronal function and disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:407. [PMID: 26528135 PMCID: PMC4602126 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular protein-protein interactions are dynamic events requiring tightly regulated spatial and temporal checkpoints. But how are these spatial and temporal cues integrated to produce highly specific molecular response patterns? A helpful analogy to this process is that of a cellular map, one based on the fleeting localization and activity of various coordinating proteins that direct a wide array of interactions between key molecules. One such protein, myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) has recently emerged as an important component of this cellular map, governing a wide variety of protein interactions in every cell type within the brain. In addition to its well-documented interactions with the actin cytoskeleton, MARCKS has been found to interact with a number of other proteins involved in processes ranging from intracellular signaling to process outgrowth. Here, we will explore these diverse interactions and their role in an array of brain-specific functions that have important implications for many neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon J Brudvig
- Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research Sioux Falls, SD, USA ; Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Jill M Weimer
- Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research Sioux Falls, SD, USA ; Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota Vermillion, SD, USA
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Rohrbach TD, Jarboe JS, Anderson JC, Trummell HQ, Hicks PH, Weaver AN, Yang ES, Oster RA, Deshane JS, Steele C, Siegal GP, Bonner JA, Willey CD. Targeting the effector domain of the myristoylated alanine rich C-kinase substrate enhances lung cancer radiation sensitivity. Int J Oncol 2014; 46:1079-88. [PMID: 25524703 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related deaths. Common molecular drivers of lung cancer are mutations in receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) leading to activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pro-growth, pro-survival signaling pathways. Myristoylated alanine rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) is a protein that has the ability to mitigate this signaling cascade by sequestering the target of PI3K, phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2). As such, MARCKS has been implicated as a tumor suppressor, though there is some evidence that MARCKS may be tumor promoting in certain cancer types. Since the MARCKS function depends on its phosphorylation status, which impacts its subcellular location, MARCKS role in cancer may depend highly on the signaling context. Currently, the importance of MARCKS in lung cancer biology is limited. Thus, we investigated MARCKS in both clinical specimens and cell culture models. Immunohistochemistry scoring of MARCKS protein expression in a diverse lung tumor tissue array revealed that the majority of squamous cell carcinomas stained positive for MARCKS while other histologies, such as adenocarcinomas, had lower levels. To study the importance of MARCKS in lung cancer biology, we used inducible overexpression of wild-type (WT) and non-phosphorylatable (NP)-MARCKS in A549 lung cancer cells that had a low level of endogenous MARCKS. We found that NP-MARCKS expression, but not WT-MARCKS, enhanced the radiosensitivity of A549 cells in part by inhibiting DNA repair as evidenced by prolonged radiation-induced DNA double strand breaks. We confirmed the importance of MARCKS phosphorylation status by treating several lung cancer cell lines with a peptide mimetic of the phosphorylation domain, the effector domain (ED), which effectively attenuated cell growth as measured by cell index. Thus, the MARCKS ED appears to be an important target for lung cancer therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Rohrbach
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - John S Jarboe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Joshua C Anderson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Hoa Q Trummell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Patricia H Hicks
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Alice N Weaver
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Eddy S Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Robert A Oster
- Division of Preventive Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jessy S Deshane
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Chad Steele
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Gene P Siegal
- Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - James A Bonner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Christopher D Willey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Targeting phospho-MARCKS overcomes drug-resistance and induces antitumor activity in preclinical models of multiple myeloma. Leukemia 2014; 29:715-26. [PMID: 25179733 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is incurable in virtually all patients due to the presence of innate and emergent drug-resistance. To identify potential drug resistance mechanisms in MM we used iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation) mass spectrometry to compare protein expression profiles of drug-resistant (RPMI 8226-R5) and sensitive (RPMI 8226-S) isogenic cell lines. We identified selective overexpression of myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) in drug-resistant R5 cells. MARCKS overexpression was also observed in several drug-resistant human myeloma cell lines (HMCLs) and in drug-resistant primary MM samples. Functionally, inhibition of MARCKS phosphorylation by enzastaurin or knockdown of the gene by RNAi significantly enhanced the sensitivity of resistant HMCLs and primary MM samples to bortezomib and to other anti-myeloma drugs, providing evidence that MARCKS can modulate drug response. Mechanistically, pMARCKS (phosphorylated form of MARCKS) was found to function as an E2F-1 cofactor to regulate SKP2 transcription. pMARCKS promoted cell-cycle progression by facilitating SKP2 expression, suppressing p27(Kip1) and potentially counteracting drug-induced cell-cycle arrest by promoting Cyclin E/CDK2 activity. Importantly, MARCKS knockdown in combination with bortezomib treatment overcame bortezomib resistance, significantly inhibited tumor growth and prolonged host survival in a MM xenograft model. These data provide a rationale for therapeutic targeting of pMARCKS to improve the outcome of patients with refractory/relapsed MM.
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Chen CH, Chiu CL, Adler KB, Wu R. A novel predictor of cancer malignancy: up-regulation of myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate phosphorylation in lung cancer. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2014; 189:1002-4. [PMID: 24735036 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201401-0053le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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Anderson JC, Duarte CW, Welaya K, Rohrbach TD, Bredel M, Yang ES, Choradia NV, Thottassery JV, Yancey Gillespie G, Bonner JA, Willey CD. Kinomic exploration of temozolomide and radiation resistance in Glioblastoma multiforme xenolines. Radiother Oncol 2014; 111:468-74. [PMID: 24813092 PMCID: PMC4119546 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2014.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) represents the most common and deadly primary brain malignancy, particularly due to temozolomide (TMZ) and radiation (RT) resistance. To better understand resistance mechanisms, we examined global kinase activity (kinomic profiling) in both treatment sensitive and resistant human GBM patient-derived xenografts (PDX or "xenolines"). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirteen orthotopically-implanted xenolines were examined including 8 with known RT sensitivity/resistance, while 5 TMZ resistant xenolines were generated through serial TMZ treatment in vivo. Tumors were harvested, prepared as total protein lysates, and kinomically analyzed on a PamStation®12 high-throughput microarray platform with subsequent upstream kinase prediction and network modeling. RESULTS Kinomic profiles indicated elevated tyrosine kinase activity associated with the radiation resistance phenotype, including FAK and FGFR1. Furthermore, network modeling showed VEGFR1/2 and c-Raf hubs could be involved. Analysis of acquired TMZ resistance revealed more kinomic variability among TMZ resistant tumors. Two of the five tumors displayed significantly altered kinase activity in the TMZ resistant xenolines and network modeling indicated PKC, JAK1, PI3K, CDK2, and VEGFR as potential mediators of this resistance. CONCLUSION GBM xenolines provide a phenotypic model for GBM drug response and resistance that when paired with kinomic profiling identified targetable pathways to inherent (radiation) or acquired (TMZ) resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karim Welaya
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA; University of Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | | | - Eddy S Yang
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
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Bickeböller M, Tagscherer KE, Kloor M, Jansen L, Chang-Claude J, Brenner H, Hoffmeister M, Toth C, Schirmacher P, Roth W, Bläker H. Functional characterization of the tumor-suppressor MARCKS in colorectal cancer and its association with survival. Oncogene 2014; 34:1150-9. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Browne BC, Hochgräfe F, Wu J, Millar EKA, Barraclough J, Stone A, McCloy RA, Lee CS, Roberts C, Ali NA, Boulghourjian A, Schmich F, Linding R, Farrow L, Gee JMW, Nicholson RI, O'Toole SA, Sutherland RL, Musgrove EA, Butt AJ, Daly RJ. Global characterization of signalling networks associated with tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. FEBS J 2013; 280:5237-57. [PMID: 23876235 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Acquired resistance to the anti-estrogen tamoxifen remains a significant challenge in breast cancer management. In this study, we used an integrative approach to characterize global protein expression and tyrosine phosphorylation events in tamoxifen-resistant MCF7 breast cancer cells (TamR) compared with parental controls. Quantitative mass spectrometry and computational approaches were combined to identify perturbed signalling networks, and candidate regulatory proteins were functionally interrogated by siRNA-mediated knockdown. Network analysis revealed that cellular metabolism was perturbed in TamR cells, together with pathways enriched for proteins associated with growth factor, cell-cell and cell matrix-initiated signalling. Consistent with known roles for Ras/MAPK and PI3-kinase signalling in tamoxifen resistance, tyrosine-phosphorylated MAPK1, SHC1 and PIK3R2 were elevated in TamR cells. Phosphorylation of the tyrosine kinase Yes and expression of the actin-binding protein myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) were increased two- and eightfold in TamR cells respectively, and these proteins were selected for further analysis. Knockdown of either protein in TamR cells had no effect on anti-estrogen sensitivity, but significantly decreased cell motility. MARCKS expression was significantly higher in breast cancer cell lines than normal mammary epithelial cells and in ER-negative versus ER-positive breast cancer cell lines. In primary breast cancers, cytoplasmic MARCKS staining was significantly higher in basal-like and HER2 cancers than in luminal cancers, and was independently predictive of poor survival in multivariate analyses of the whole cohort (P < 0.0001) and in ER-positive patients (P = 0.0005). These findings provide network-level insights into the molecular alterations associated with the tamoxifen-resistant phenotype, and identify MARCKS as a potential biomarker of therapeutic responsiveness that may assist in stratification of patients for optimal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigid C Browne
- Cancer Research Program, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Chen CH, Thai P, Yoneda K, Adler KB, Yang PC, Wu R. A peptide that inhibits function of Myristoylated Alanine-Rich C Kinase Substrate (MARCKS) reduces lung cancer metastasis. Oncogene 2013; 33:3696-706. [PMID: 23955080 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Myristoylated Alanine-Rich C Kinase Substrate (MARCKS), a substrate of protein kinase C, is a key regulatory molecule controlling mucus granule secretion by airway epithelial cells as well as directed migration of leukocytes, stem cells and fibroblasts. Phosphorylation of MARKCS may be involved in these responses. However, the functionality of MARCKS and its related phosphorylation in lung cancer malignancy have not been characterized. This study demonstrated elevated levels of MARCKS and phospho-MARCKS in highly invasive lung cancer cell lines and lung cancer specimens from non-small-cell lung cancer patients. siRNA knockdown of MARCKS expression in these highly invasive lung cancer cell lines reduced cell migration and suppressed PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase)/Akt phosphorylation and Slug level. Interestingly, treatment with a peptide identical to the MARCKS N-terminus sequence (the MANS peptide) impaired cell migration in vitro and also the metastatic potential of invasive lung cancer cells in vivo. Mechanistically, MANS peptide treatment resulted in a coordination of increase of E-cadherin expression, suppression of MARCKS phosphorylation and AKT/Slug signalling pathway but not the expression of total MARCKS. These results indicate a crucial role for MARCKS, specifically its phosphorylated form, in potentiating lung cancer cell migration/metastasis and suggest a potential use of MARCKS-related peptides in the treatment of lung cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-H Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - P Thai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - K Yoneda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - K B Adler
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - P-C Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - R Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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Myristoylated Alanine-Rich protein Kinase C Substrate (MARCKS) expression modulates the metastatic phenotype in human and murine colon carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Lett 2013; 333:244-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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