1
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Hurcombe JA, Barrington F, Marchetti M, Betin VM, Bowen EE, Lay AC, Ni L, Dayalan L, Pope RJ, Brinkkoetter PT, Holzenberger M, Welsh GI, Coward RJ. Contrasting consequences of podocyte insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor inhibition. iScience 2024; 27:109749. [PMID: 38706850 PMCID: PMC11068853 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Insulin signaling to the glomerular podocyte via the insulin receptor (IR) is critical for kidney function. In this study we show that near-complete knockout of the closely related insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) in podocytes is detrimental, resulting in albuminuria in vivo and podocyte cell death in vitro. In contrast, partial podocyte IGF1R knockdown confers protection against doxorubicin-induced podocyte injury. Proteomic analysis of cultured podocytes revealed that while near-complete loss of podocyte IGF1R results in the downregulation of mitochondrial respiratory complex I and DNA damage repair proteins, partial IGF1R inhibition promotes respiratory complex expression. This suggests that altered mitochondrial function and resistance to podocyte stress depends on the level of IGF1R suppression, the latter determining whether receptor inhibition is protective or detrimental. Our work suggests that the partial suppression of podocyte IGF1R could have therapeutic benefits in treating albuminuric kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lan Ni
- Bristol Renal, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | | | - Paul T. Brinkkoetter
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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2
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Yu T, Jiang W, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Jiao J, Wu M. Chimeric antigen receptor T cells in the treatment of osteosarcoma (Review). Int J Oncol 2024; 64:40. [PMID: 38390935 PMCID: PMC10919759 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a frequently occurring primary bone tumor, mostly affecting children, adolescents and young adults. Before 1970, surgical resection was the main treatment method for OS, but the clinical results were not promising. Subsequently, the advent of chemotherapy has improved the prognosis of patients with OS. However, there is still a high incidence of metastasis or recurrence, and chemotherapy has several side effects, thus making the 5‑year survival rate markedly low. Recently, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR‑T) cell therapy represents an alternative immunotherapy approach with significant potential for hematologic malignancies. Nevertheless, the application of CAR‑T cells in the treatment of OS faces numerous challenges. The present review focused on the advances in the development of CAR‑T cells to improve their clinical efficacy, and discussed ways to overcome the difficulties faced by CAR T‑cell therapy for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Weibo Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Operating Room, The Third Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, P.R. China
| | - Jianhang Jiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Minfei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
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3
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Li S, Zhang H, Liu J, Shang G. Targeted therapy for osteosarcoma: a review. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023:10.1007/s00432-023-04614-4. [PMID: 36807762 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04614-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is a common primary malignant tumour of the bone that usually occurs in children and adolescents. It is characterised by difficult treatment, recurrence and metastasis, and poor prognosis. Currently, the treatment of osteosarcoma is mainly based on surgery and auxiliary chemotherapy. However, for recurrent and some primary osteosarcoma cases, owing to the rapid progression of disease and chemotherapy resistance, the effects of chemotherapy are poor. With the rapid development of tumour-targeted therapy, molecular-targeted therapy for osteosarcoma has shown promise. PURPOSE In this paper, we review the molecular mechanisms, related targets, and clinical applications of targeted osteosarcoma therapy. In doing this, we provide a summary of recent literature on the characteristics of targeted osteosarcoma therapy, the advantages of its clinical application, and development of targeted therapy in future. We aim to provide new insights into the treatment of osteosarcoma. CONCLUSION Targeted therapy shows potential in the treatment of osteosarcoma and may offer an important means of precise and personalised treatment in the future, but drug resistance and adverse effects may limit its application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhe Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning Province, China.,Graduate School, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jinxin Liu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Guanning Shang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning Province, China.
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4
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Chemistry and Biological Activities of Naturally Occurring and Structurally Modified Podophyllotoxins. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010302. [PMID: 36615496 PMCID: PMC9822336 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants containing podophyllotoxin and its analogues have been used as folk medicines for centuries. The characteristic chemical structures and strong biological activities of this class of compounds attracted attention worldwide. Currently, more than ninety natural podophyllotoxins were isolated, and structure modifications of these molecules were performed to afford a variety of derivatives, which offered optimized anti-tumor activity. This review summarized up to date reports on natural occurring podophyllotoxins and their sources, structural modification and biological activities. Special attention was paid to both structural modification and optimized antitumor activity. It was noteworthy that etoposide, a derivative of podophyllotoxin, could prevent cytokine storm caused by the recent SARS-CoV-2 viral infection.
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5
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Moreno Tellez C, Leyfman Y, D'Angelo SP, Wilky BA, Dufresne A. Immunotherapy in Sarcoma: Where Do Things Stand? Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2022; 31:381-397. [PMID: 35715140 DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Early experiences with modern immunotherapy have been disappointing in trials of unselected sarcoma subtypes. However, remarkable efficacy has been observed with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in a subset of patients, with the most promising outcomes to date in alveolar soft part sarcoma, cutaneous angiosarcoma, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS), and dedifferentiated liposarcoma (dLPS). Adoptive cellular therapies targeting cancer testis antigens have shown promising activity, but only synovial sarcoma (SS) and myxoid/round cell liposarcomas reliably express these targets. The majority of sarcomas are immunologically "cold" with sparse immune infiltration, which may explain the poor response to immunotherapy. Current immunotherapy trials for sarcomas explore combination therapies with checkpoint inhibitors to overcome immune evasion and novel targets in adoptive cellular therapies. The role of tertiary lymphoid structures, PD-L1 expression, tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, and tumor lymphocytes as biomarkers for response are areas of active investigation. In this review, we highlight prior and ongoing clinical efforts to improve outcomes with immunotherapy and discuss the current state of understanding for biomarkers to select patients most likely to benefit from this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiam Moreno Tellez
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12801 E 17th Avenue, Mailstop 8117, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Yan Leyfman
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1468 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sandra P D'Angelo
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, 300 East 66th Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Breelyn A Wilky
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12801 E 17th Avenue, Mailstop 8117, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Armelle Dufresne
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Leon Berard, 28 rue Laennec, Lyon 69008, France
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6
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Wang G, Cao L, Jiang Y, Zhang T, Wang H, Wang Z, Xu J, Mao M, Hua Y, Cai Z, Ma X, Hu S, Zhou C. Anlotinib Reverses Multidrug Resistance (MDR) in Osteosarcoma by Inhibiting P-Glycoprotein (PGP1) Function In Vitro and In Vivo. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:798837. [PMID: 35111065 PMCID: PMC8801797 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.798837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of the multidrug resistance (MDR)-related protein P-glycoprotein (PGP1), which actively extrudes chemotherapeutic agents from cells and significantly decreases the efficacy of chemotherapy, is viewed as a major obstacle in osteosarcoma chemotherapy. Anlotinib, a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has good anti-tumor effects in a variety of solid tumors. However, there are few studies on the mechanism of anlotinib reversing chemotherapy resistance in osteosarcoma. In this study, cellular assays were performed in vitro and in vivo to evaluate the MDR reversal effects of anlotinib on multidrug-resistant osteosarcoma cell lines. Drug efflux and intracellular drug accumulation were measured by flow cytometry. The vanadate-sensitive ATPase activity of PGP1 was measured in the presence of a range of anlotinib concentrations. The protein expression level of ABCB1 was detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis. Our results showed that anlotinib significantly increased the sensitivity of KHOSR2 and U2OSR2 cells (which overexpress PGP1) to chemotherapeutic agents in vitro and in a KHOSR2 xenograft nude mouse model in vivo. Mechanistically, anlotinib increases the intracellular accumulation of PGP1 substrates by inhibiting the efflux function of PGP1 in multidrug-resistant cell lines. Furthermore, anlotinib stimulated the ATPase activity of PGP1 but affected neither the protein expression level nor the localization of PGP1. In animal studies, anlotinib in combination with doxorubicin (DOX) significantly decreased the tumor growth rate and the tumor size in the KHOSR2 xenograft nude mouse model. Overall, our findings suggest that anlotinib may be useful for circumventing MDR to other conventional antineoplastic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingling Cao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai Fifth Rehabilitation Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yafei Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuoying Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Mao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingqi Hua
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengdong Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenghao Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai, China
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7
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Truong D, Cherradi-Lamhamedi SE, Ludwig JA. Targeting the IGF/PI3K/mTOR Pathway and AXL/YAP1/TAZ pathways in Primary Bone Cancer. J Bone Oncol 2022; 33:100419. [PMID: 35251924 PMCID: PMC8892134 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2022.100419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary bone cancers (PBC) belong to the family of mesenchymal tumors classified based on their cellular origin, extracellular matrix, genetic regulation, and epigenetic modification. The three major PBC types, Ewing sarcoma, osteosarcoma, and chondrosarcoma, are frequently aggressive tumors, highly metastatic, and typically occur in children and young adults. Despite their distinct origins and pathogenesis, these sarcoma subtypes rely upon common signaling pathways to promote tumor progression, metastasis, and survival. The IGF/PI3K/mTOR and AXL/YAP/TAZ pathways, in particular, have gained significant attention recently given their ties to oncogenesis, cell fate and differentiation, metastasis, and drug resistance. Naturally, these pathways – and their protein constituents – have caught the eye of the pharmaceutical industry, and a wide array of small molecule inhibitors and antibody drug-conjugates have emerged. Here, we review how the IGF/PI3K/mTOR and AXL/YAP/TAZ pathways promote PBC and highlight the drug candidates under clinical trial investigation.
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8
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Thiebaut AM, Buendia I, Ginet V, Lemarchand E, Boudjadja MB, Hommet Y, Lebouvier L, Lechevallier C, Maillasson M, Hedou E, Déglon N, Oury F, Rubio M, Montaner J, Puyal J, Vivien D, Roussel BD. Thrombolysis by PLAT/tPA increases serum free IGF1 leading to a decrease of deleterious autophagy following brain ischemia. Autophagy 2021; 18:1297-1317. [PMID: 34520334 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1973339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia is a pathology involving a cascade of cellular mechanisms, leading to the deregulation of proteostasis, including macroautophagy/autophagy, and finally to neuronal death. If it is now accepted that cerebral ischemia induces autophagy, the effect of thrombolysis/energy recovery on proteostasis remains unknown. Here, we investigated the effect of thrombolysis by PLAT/tPA (plasminogen activator, tissue) on autophagy and neuronal death. In two in vitro models of hypoxia reperfusion and an in vivo model of thromboembolic stroke with thrombolysis by PLAT/tPA, we found that ischemia enhances neuronal deleterious autophagy. Interestingly, PLAT/tPA decreases autophagy to mediate neuroprotection by modulating the PI3K-AKT-MTOR pathways both in vitro and in vivo. We identified IGF1R (insulin-like growth factor I receptor; a tyrosine kinase receptor) as the effective receptor and showed in vitro, in vivo and in human stroke patients and that PLAT/tPA is able to degrade IGFBP3 (insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3) to increase IGF1 (insulin-like growth factor 1) bioavailability and thus IGF1R activation.Abbreviations: AKT/protein kinase B: thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1; EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor; Hx: hypoxia; IGF1: insulin-like growth factor 1; IGF1R: insulin-like growth factor I receptor; IGFBP3: insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3; Ka: Kainate; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; MAPK/ERK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; MTORC1: MTOR complex 1; OGD: oxygen and glucose deprivation; OGDreox: oxygen and glucose deprivation + reoxygentation; PepA: pepstatin A1; PI3K: phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PLAT/tPA: plasminogen activator, tissue; PPP: picropodophyllin; SCH77: SCH772984; ULK1: unc-51 like kinase 1; Wort: wortmannin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey M Thiebaut
- Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Institute Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), GIP Cyceron, Normandy University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S U1237, Caen, France
| | - Izaskun Buendia
- Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Institute Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), GIP Cyceron, Normandy University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S U1237, Caen, France
| | - Vanessa Ginet
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Clinic of Neonatology, Department of Women, Mother and Child, University Hospital Center of Vaud, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eloise Lemarchand
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Yannick Hommet
- Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Institute Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), GIP Cyceron, Normandy University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S U1237, Caen, France
| | - Laurent Lebouvier
- Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Institute Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), GIP Cyceron, Normandy University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S U1237, Caen, France
| | - Charlotte Lechevallier
- Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Institute Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), GIP Cyceron, Normandy University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S U1237, Caen, France
| | - Mike Maillasson
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Inserm, CRCINA, F-44000 Nantes, France; LabEx IGO, Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, CHU Nantes, SFR Santé, FED 4203Inserm UMS 016, CNRS, UMS 3556, IMPACT Platform, Nantes, France
| | - Elodie Hedou
- Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Institute Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), GIP Cyceron, Normandy University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S U1237, Caen, France
| | - Nicole Déglon
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neurotherapies and Neuromodulation, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Franck Oury
- INSERM U1151, Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM), Team 14, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne-Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marina Rubio
- Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Institute Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), GIP Cyceron, Normandy University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S U1237, Caen, France
| | - Joan Montaner
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Julien Puyal
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,CURML, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Denis Vivien
- Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Institute Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), GIP Cyceron, Normandy University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S U1237, Caen, France.,Department of Clinical Research, CHU Caen, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Benoit D Roussel
- Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Institute Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), GIP Cyceron, Normandy University, UNICAEN, INSERM, UMR-S U1237, Caen, France
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9
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Lin Z, Wu Z, Luo W. Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy: The Light of Day for Osteosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174469. [PMID: 34503279 PMCID: PMC8431424 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary As a novel immunotherapy, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has achieved encouraging results in leukemia and lymphoma. Furthermore, CAR-T cells have been explored in the treatment of osteosarcoma (OS). However, there is no strong comprehensive evidence to support their efficacy. Therefore, we reviewed the current evidence on CAR-T cells for OS to demonstrate their feasibility and provide new options for the treatment of OS. Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor, arising mainly in children and adolescents. With the introduction of multiagent chemotherapy, the treatments of OS have remarkably improved, but the prognosis for patients with metastases is still poor, with a five-year survival rate of 20%. In addition, adverse effects brought by traditional treatments, including radical surgery and systemic chemotherapy, may seriously affect the survival quality of patients. Therefore, new treatments for OS await exploitation. As a novel immunotherapy, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has achieved encouraging results in treating cancer in recent years, especially in leukemia and lymphoma. Furthermore, researchers have recently focused on CAR-T therapy in solid tumors, including OS. In this review, we summarize the safety, specificity, and clinical transformation of the targets in treating OS and point out the direction for further research.
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10
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Synoradzki KJ, Bartnik E, Czarnecka AM, Fiedorowicz M, Firlej W, Brodziak A, Stasinska A, Rutkowski P, Grieb P. TP53 in Biology and Treatment of Osteosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4284. [PMID: 34503094 PMCID: PMC8428337 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The TP53 gene is mutated in 50% of human tumors. Oncogenic functions of mutant TP53 maintain tumor cell proliferation and tumor growth also in osteosarcomas. We collected data on TP53 mutations in patients to indicate which are more common and describe their role in in vitro and animal models. We also describe animal models with TP53 dysfunction, which provide a good platform for testing the potential therapeutic approaches. Finally, we have indicated a whole range of pharmacological compounds that modulate the action of p53, stabilize its mutated versions or lead to its degradation, cause silencing or, on the contrary, induce the expression of its functional version in genetic therapy. Although many of the described therapies are at the preclinical testing stage, they offer hope for a change in the approach to osteosarcoma treatment based on TP53 targeting in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Jozef Synoradzki
- Small Animal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Laboratory, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.C.); (A.S.); (P.G.)
| | - Ewa Bartnik
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna M. Czarnecka
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.C.); (A.S.); (P.G.)
- Department of Soft Tissue, Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (W.F.); (P.R.)
| | - Michał Fiedorowicz
- Small Animal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Laboratory, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Wiktoria Firlej
- Department of Soft Tissue, Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (W.F.); (P.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Brodziak
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Stasinska
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.C.); (A.S.); (P.G.)
| | - Piotr Rutkowski
- Department of Soft Tissue, Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (W.F.); (P.R.)
| | - Paweł Grieb
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.C.); (A.S.); (P.G.)
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11
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Unraveling the IGF System Interactome in Sarcomas Exploits Novel Therapeutic Options. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082075. [PMID: 34440844 PMCID: PMC8392407 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant bioactivity of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system results in the development and progression of several pathologic conditions including cancer. Preclinical studies have shown promising anti-cancer therapeutic potentials for anti-IGF targeted therapies. However, a clear but limited clinical benefit was observed only in a minority of patients with sarcomas. The molecular complexity of the IGF system, which comprises multiple regulators and interactions with other cancer-related pathways, poses a major limitation in the use of anti-IGF agents and supports the need of combinatorial therapeutic strategies to better tackle this axis. In this review, we will initially highlight multiple mechanisms underlying IGF dysregulation in cancer and then focus on the impact of the IGF system and its complexity in sarcoma development and progression as well as response to anti-IGF therapies. We will also discuss the role of Ephrin receptors, Hippo pathway, BET proteins and CXCR4 signaling, as mediators of sarcoma malignancy and relevant interactors with the IGF system in tumor cells. A deeper understanding of these molecular interactions might provide the rationale for novel and more effective therapeutic combinations to treat sarcomas.
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Beck O, Paret C, Russo A, Burhenne J, Fresnais M, Steimel K, Seidmann L, Wagner DC, Vewinger N, Lehmann N, Sprang M, Backes N, Roth L, Neu MA, Wingerter A, Henninger N, El Malki K, Otto H, Alt F, Desuki A, Kindler T, Faber J. Safety and Activity of the Combination of Ceritinib and Dasatinib in Osteosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040793. [PMID: 32224911 PMCID: PMC7225940 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death in pediatric patients. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway plays a relevant role in the biology of OS but no IGF targeted therapies have been successful as monotherapy so far. Here, we tested the effect of three IGF specific inhibitors and tested ceritinib as an off-target inhibitor, alone or in combination with dasatinib, on the proliferation of seven primary OS cells. Picropodophyllin, particularly in combination with dasatinib and the combination ceritinib/dasatinib were effective in abrogating the proliferation. The ceritinib/dasatinib combination was applied to the primary cells of a 16-year-old girl with a long history of lung metastases, and was more effective than cabozantinib and olaparib. Therefore, the combination was used to treat the patient. The treatment was well tolerated, with toxicity limited to skin rush and diarrhea. A histopathological evaluation of the tumor after three months of therapy indicated regions of high necrosis and extensive infiltration of macrophages. The extension of the necrosis was proportional to the concentration of dasatinib and ceritinib in the area, as analysed by an ultra performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS/MS). After the cessation of the therapy, radiological analysis indicated a massive growth of the patient’s liver metastases. In conclusion, these data indicate that the combination of ceritinib/dasatinib is safe and may be used to develop new therapy protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Beck
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.B.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (N.V.); (N.L.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (L.R.); (M.A.N.); (A.W.); (N.H.); (K.E.M.); (H.O.); (F.A.)
- University Cancer Center (UCT), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.D.); (T.K.)
| | - Claudia Paret
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.B.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (N.V.); (N.L.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (L.R.); (M.A.N.); (A.W.); (N.H.); (K.E.M.); (H.O.); (F.A.)
- University Cancer Center (UCT), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.D.); (T.K.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), site Frankfurt/Mainz, Germany, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Russo
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.B.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (N.V.); (N.L.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (L.R.); (M.A.N.); (A.W.); (N.H.); (K.E.M.); (H.O.); (F.A.)
- University Cancer Center (UCT), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.D.); (T.K.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), site Frankfurt/Mainz, Germany, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Burhenne
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (J.B.); (M.F.); (K.S.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Margaux Fresnais
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (J.B.); (M.F.); (K.S.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kevin Steimel
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (J.B.); (M.F.); (K.S.)
| | - Larissa Seidmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (L.S.); (D.-C.W.)
| | - Daniel-Christoph Wagner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (L.S.); (D.-C.W.)
| | - Nadine Vewinger
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.B.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (N.V.); (N.L.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (L.R.); (M.A.N.); (A.W.); (N.H.); (K.E.M.); (H.O.); (F.A.)
- University Cancer Center (UCT), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.D.); (T.K.)
| | - Nadine Lehmann
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.B.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (N.V.); (N.L.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (L.R.); (M.A.N.); (A.W.); (N.H.); (K.E.M.); (H.O.); (F.A.)
- University Cancer Center (UCT), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.D.); (T.K.)
| | - Maximilian Sprang
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.B.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (N.V.); (N.L.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (L.R.); (M.A.N.); (A.W.); (N.H.); (K.E.M.); (H.O.); (F.A.)
- University Cancer Center (UCT), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.D.); (T.K.)
| | - Nora Backes
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.B.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (N.V.); (N.L.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (L.R.); (M.A.N.); (A.W.); (N.H.); (K.E.M.); (H.O.); (F.A.)
- University Cancer Center (UCT), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.D.); (T.K.)
| | - Lea Roth
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.B.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (N.V.); (N.L.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (L.R.); (M.A.N.); (A.W.); (N.H.); (K.E.M.); (H.O.); (F.A.)
- University Cancer Center (UCT), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.D.); (T.K.)
| | - Marie Astrid Neu
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.B.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (N.V.); (N.L.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (L.R.); (M.A.N.); (A.W.); (N.H.); (K.E.M.); (H.O.); (F.A.)
- University Cancer Center (UCT), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.D.); (T.K.)
| | - Arthur Wingerter
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.B.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (N.V.); (N.L.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (L.R.); (M.A.N.); (A.W.); (N.H.); (K.E.M.); (H.O.); (F.A.)
- University Cancer Center (UCT), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.D.); (T.K.)
| | - Nicole Henninger
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.B.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (N.V.); (N.L.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (L.R.); (M.A.N.); (A.W.); (N.H.); (K.E.M.); (H.O.); (F.A.)
- University Cancer Center (UCT), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.D.); (T.K.)
| | - Khalifa El Malki
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.B.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (N.V.); (N.L.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (L.R.); (M.A.N.); (A.W.); (N.H.); (K.E.M.); (H.O.); (F.A.)
- University Cancer Center (UCT), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.D.); (T.K.)
| | - Henrike Otto
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.B.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (N.V.); (N.L.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (L.R.); (M.A.N.); (A.W.); (N.H.); (K.E.M.); (H.O.); (F.A.)
- University Cancer Center (UCT), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.D.); (T.K.)
| | - Francesca Alt
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.B.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (N.V.); (N.L.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (L.R.); (M.A.N.); (A.W.); (N.H.); (K.E.M.); (H.O.); (F.A.)
- University Cancer Center (UCT), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.D.); (T.K.)
| | - Alexander Desuki
- University Cancer Center (UCT), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.D.); (T.K.)
- Department of Hematology, Medical Oncology, and Pneumology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Kindler
- University Cancer Center (UCT), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.D.); (T.K.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), site Frankfurt/Mainz, Germany, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Medical Oncology, and Pneumology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Joerg Faber
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (O.B.); (C.P.); (A.R.); (N.V.); (N.L.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (L.R.); (M.A.N.); (A.W.); (N.H.); (K.E.M.); (H.O.); (F.A.)
- University Cancer Center (UCT), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.D.); (T.K.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), site Frankfurt/Mainz, Germany, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6131-17-6821
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Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Osteosarcoma: 2019 Update. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1258:141-155. [PMID: 32767239 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-43085-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The primary conclusions of our 2014 contribution to this series were as follows: Multiple receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) likely contribute to aggressive phenotypes in osteosarcoma and, therefore, inhibition of multiple RTKs is likely necessary for successful clinical outcomes. Inhibition of multiple RTKs may also be useful to overcome resistance to inhibitors of individual RTKs as well as resistance to conventional chemotherapies. Different combinations of RTKs are likely important in individual patients. AXL, EPHB2, FGFR2, IGF1R, and RET were identified as promising therapeutic targets by our in vitro phosphoproteomic/siRNA screen of 42 RTKs in the highly metastatic LM7 and 143B human osteosarcoma cell lines. This chapter is intended to provide an update on these topics as well as the large number of osteosarcoma clinical studies of inhibitors of multiple tyrosine kinases (multi-TKIs) that were recently published.
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Thanindratarn P, Dean DC, Nelson SD, Hornicek FJ, Duan Z. Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell immunotherapy for sarcomas: From mechanisms to potential clinical applications. Cancer Treat Rev 2020; 82:101934. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2019.101934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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George B, George SK, Shi W, Haque A, Shi P, Eskandari G, Axelson M, Larsson O, Kaseb AO, Amin HM. Dual inhibition of IGF-IR and ALK as an effective strategy to eradicate NPM-ALK + T-cell lymphoma. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:80. [PMID: 31340850 PMCID: PMC6657048 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0768-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase-expressing (NPM-ALK+) T cell lymphoma is an aggressive neoplasm. NPM-ALK, an oncogenic tyrosine kinase, plays a critical role in this lymphoma. Recently, selective ALK inhibitors have emerged as a first-line therapy for this neoplasm. Unfortunately, ALK inhibitors were hindered by emergence of resistance and relapse. We have previously demonstrated that type I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) is commonly expressed and activated in this lymphoma. In addition, IGF-IR and NPM-ALK are physically associated and reciprocally enhance their phosphorylation/activation. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that combined inhibition of IGF-IR and NPM-ALK could significantly improve the effects of inhibiting each kinase alone. Methods We used clinically utilized inhibitors of IGF-IR (picropodophyllin; PPP) and ALK (ASP3026) to assess the in vitro cellular effects of combined treatment versus treatment using a single agent. Moreover, we used a systemic NPM-ALK+ T cell lymphoma mouse model to analyze the in vivo effects of PPP and ASP3026 alone or in combination. Results Our data show that combined treatment with PPP and ASP3026 decreased the viability, proliferation, and anchorage-independent colony formation, and increased apoptosis of NPM-ALK+ T cell lymphoma cells in vitro. The in vitro effects of combined treatment were synergistic and significantly more pronounced than the effects of PPP or ASP3026 alone. Biochemically, simultaneous antagonism of IGF-IR and ALK induced more pronounced decrease in pIGF-IRY1135/1136, pNPM-ALKY646, and pSTAT3Y705 levels than antagonizing IGF-IR or ALK alone. Moreover, combined targeting of IGF-IR and NPM-ALK decreased significantly systemic lymphoma tumor growth and improved mice survival in vivo. Consistent with the in vitro results, the in vivo effects of the combined therapy were more pronounced than the effects of targeting IGF-IR or ALK alone. Conclusions Combined targeting of IGF-IR and ALK is more effective than targeting IGF-IR or ALK alone in NPM-ALK+ T cell lymphoma. This strategy might also limit emergence of resistance to high doses of ALK inhibitors. Therefore, it could represent a successful therapeutic approach to eradicate this aggressive lymphoma. Importantly, combined inhibition is feasible because of the clinical availability of IGF-IR and ALK inhibitors. Our findings are applicable to other types of cancer where IGF-IR and ALK are simultaneously expressed. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13045-019-0768-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawana George
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 072, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Suraj Konnath George
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 072, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wenyu Shi
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 072, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of the University of Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Abedul Haque
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 072, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ping Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ghazaleh Eskandari
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 072, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Magnus Axelson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olle Larsson
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ahmed O Kaseb
- Depertment of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hesham M Amin
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 072, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.
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Zhang Z, Zhao M, Wang G. Upregulation of microRNA-7 contributes to inhibition of the growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells through the inhibition of IGF1R. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:22195-22206. [PMID: 31102265 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We aim to uncover the methylation of microRNA-7 (miR-7) promoter in osteosarcoma (OS) and the inner mechanism of miR-7 on the progression of OS cells. Expression and methylation state of miR-7 in OS tissues and cells were detected. With the aim to unearth the ability of miR-7 in OS, the proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, invasion, migration of OS cells, and the tumor growth in nude mice were determined. Meanwhile, IGF1R expression was detected and the association between miR-7 and IGF1R was confirmed. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression was tested by immunohistochemical staining, and the lung metastasis was observed by H&E staining. miR-7 expression was decreased and methylation state of miR-7 was increased in OS tissues and cells. Upregulated miR-7 inhibited proliferation, cell cycle progression, invasion,and migration, while inducing apoptosis of OS cells and the tumor growth as well as PCNA expression in nude mice. Expression of IGF1R was downregulated in OS cells with overexpression of miR-7. Experiments verified the binding site between miR-7 and IGF1R. Our study demonstrates that abnormal methylation of miR-7 contributes to decreased miR-7 in OS. In addition, miR-7 represses the initiation and progression of OS cells through the inhibition of IGF1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuojun Zhang
- Upper Limb Injury Treatment Center, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province (Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province), Luoyang, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Upper Limb Injury Treatment Center, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province (Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province), Luoyang, China
| | - Guojie Wang
- Upper Limb Injury Treatment Center, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province (Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province), Luoyang, China
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Tang F, Min L, Seebacher NA, Li X, Zhou Y, Hornicek FJ, Wei Y, Tu C, Duan Z. Targeting mutant TP53 as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of osteosarcoma. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:789-798. [PMID: 30667081 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mutant TP53 is a promising therapeutic target in cancers. Considering the current challenges facing the clinical treatment of cancer, as well as the urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets in osteosarcomas, we aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of mutant TP53 in osteosarcoma patients and to explore the therapeutic effect of targeting mutant TP53 in osteosarcomas. We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between mutant TP53 and the overall survival of patients with osteosarcoma. A CRISPR-Cas9 system and a TP53 inhibitor, NSC59984, were also used to specifically knock-out and inhibit mutant TP53 in the human osteosarcoma cell lines, KHOS, and KHOSR2. The meta-analysis demonstrated that mutations in the TP53 gene could be used to predict a poor 2-year survival in osteosarcoma patients. We also demonstrated that the expression of mutant TP53 in human osteosarcoma cell lines can be efficiently knocked-out using CRISPR-Cas9, and this decreased the proliferation, migration, and tumor formation activity of these osteosarcoma cells. Moreover, drug sensitivity to doxorubicin was increased in these TP53 knock-out osteosarcoma cells. NSC59984 also showed similar anti-tumor effects as CRISPR-Cas9 targeted TP53 in the osteosarcoma cells in vitro. We have also demonstrated that the knock-out or inhibition of mutant TP53 decreased the expression of the oncogene IGF-1R, anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2, and Survivin in osteosarcoma cells. Collectively, these results suggest that mutant TP53 is a promising therapeutic target in osteosarcomas. Therefore, further studies exploring novel strategies to target mutant TP53 may help improve the treatment outcomes of osteosarcoma patients in the clinic. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China.,Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095
| | - Li Min
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China.,Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095
| | - Nicole A Seebacher
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095
| | - Yubin Zhou
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095
| | - Francis J Hornicek
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095
| | - Yuquan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Chongqi Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Zhenfeng Duan
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095
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Li YS, Liu Q, He HB, Luo W. The possible role of insulin-like growth factor-1 in osteosarcoma. Curr Probl Cancer 2018; 43:228-235. [PMID: 30217668 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common malignant tumor of bone, of which clear understanding of molecular pathologic process is not yet possible. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a hormone that plays vital role in development and function of many tissues. Unfortunately, IGF-1 and its receptor (IGF-1R)'s over-expression have been implicated in carcinogenesis, and indicated to constitute a risk factor for the development of multiple human cancers, including OS. Increased levels of IGF-1 and IGF-1R have been reported in OS, leading to cancer progression through transformation, proliferation, pro-metastasis, and decreased susceptibility to apoptosis. Over-expression of IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling also contributes to tumor cell survival, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. IGF-1 has been included as an OS marker recently, and targeting IGF-1 is an interesting and promising approach in OS therapeutics. However more investigations with clinical trials are necessary to validate the use of drugs against IGF-1 that may provide a basis for new therapeutic approaches to treat this devastating disease. This review article focused on the role of IGF-1/IGF-1R in OS progression and therapeutic aspects of OS targeting IGF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Hong-Bo He
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
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PDGFR and IGF-1R Inhibitors Induce a G2/M Arrest and Subsequent Cell Death in Human Glioblastoma Cell Lines. Cells 2018; 7:cells7090131. [PMID: 30200644 PMCID: PMC6162497 DOI: 10.3390/cells7090131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas are highly resistant to radiation and chemotherapy. Currently, there are no effective therapies for this type of tumor. Signaling mechanisms initiated by PDGFR and IGF-1R are important in glioblastoma, and inhibition of the signal transduction pathways initiated by these receptors could be a useful alternative strategy for glioblastoma treatment. We have studied the effects of the PDGFR inhibitor JNJ-10198409 (JNJ) and the IGF-1R inhibitor picropodophyllin (PPP) in glioblastoma cell lines as well as in primary cultures derived from patients affected by this type of tumor. JNJ and PPP treatment blocked PDGFR and IGF-1R signaling respectively and reduced Akt and Erk 1/2 phosphorylation. Both inhibitors diminished cell proliferation, inducing a G2/M block of the cell cycle. Cell death induced by JNJ was caspase-dependent, Annexin-V positive and caused PARP cleavage, especially in T98 cells, suggesting an apoptotic mechanism. However, cell death induced by PPP was not completely inhibited by caspase inhibitors in all cell lines apart from LN-229 cells, indicating a caspase-independent mechanism. Several inhibitors targeted against different cell death pathways could not block this caspase-independent component, which may be a non-programmed necrotic mechanism. Apoptotic arrays performed in T98 and LN-229 cells upon JNJ and PPP treatment revealed that procaspase 3 levels were augmented by both drugs in T98 cells and only by JNJ in LN229-cells. Furthermore, XIAP and survivin levels were much higher in LN-229 cells than in T98 cells, revealing that LN-229 cells are more susceptible to undergo caspase-independent cell death mechanisms. JNJ and PPP combination was more effective than each treatment alone.
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Mancarella C, Scotlandi K. IGF system in sarcomas: a crucial pathway with many unknowns to exploit for therapy. J Mol Endocrinol 2018; 61:T45-T60. [PMID: 29273680 DOI: 10.1530/jme-17-0250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has gained substantial interest due to its involvement in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and survival during anoikis and after conventional and targeted therapies. However, results from clinical trials have been largely disappointing, with only a few but notable exceptions, such as trials targeting sarcomas, especially Ewing sarcoma. This review highlights key studies focusing on IGF signaling in sarcomas, specifically studies underscoring the properties that make this system an attractive therapeutic target and identifies new relationships that may be exploited. This review discusses the potential roles of IGF2 mRNA-binding proteins (IGF2BPs), discoidin domain receptors (DDRs) and metalloproteinase pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) in regulating the IGF system. Deeper investigation of these novel regulators of the IGF system may help us to further elucidate the spatial and temporal control of the IGF axis, as understanding the control of this axis is essential for future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Mancarella
- Experimental Oncology Lab, CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- Experimental Oncology Lab, CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
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21
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Wang J, Garbutt C, Ma H, Gao P, Hornicek FJ, Kan Q, Shi H, Duan Z. Expression and role of autophagy-associated p62 (SQSTM1) in multidrug resistant ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2018; 150:143-150. [PMID: 29699801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.04.557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multidrug resistance is the major cause of treatment failure in ovarian cancer. p62 (SQSTM1) is a multifunctional protein involved in multiple cellular processes including proliferation, drug sensitivity and autophagy-associated cancer cell growth. However, the role of p62 in drug resistance remains controversial. METHODS In this study, we examined p62 expression by immunohistochemistry in a unique ovarian cancer tissue microarray (TMA), which was constructed with paired primary, metastatic, and recurrent tumor tissues. The expression levels of p62 and autophagy related proteins were evaluated in two panels of human cancer cell lines by western blot. Cell viabilities were determined by MTT assay after exposure ovarian cancer cells to different concentrations of paclitaxel alone or in combination with autophagy inhibitors. RESULTS Both the metastatic and recurrent tumor tissues expressed less p62 than the patient-matched primary tumor. A significant inverse correlation has been found between p62 expression and both the disease-free survival and overall survival. Additionally, multidrug resistant cancer cell lines expressed lower levels of p62 as compared with their parental drug sensitive cell lines. Importantly, inhibition of autophagy enhanced paclitaxel sensitivity in drug resistant ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, the wound healing assay exhibited that the inhibition of autophagy significantly decreased resistant ovarian cancer cell migration in vitro. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the potential of p62 as a new prognostic marker for ovarian cancer patients and p62's associated autophagy pathway may be a promising therapeutic target to prevent metastasis, recurrence and to reverse drug resistance in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Cassandra Garbutt
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Hangzhan Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Francis J Hornicek
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Quancheng Kan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Huirong Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
| | - Zhenfeng Duan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Chiu YJ, Hour MJ, Jin YA, Lu CC, Tsai FJ, Chen TL, Ma H, Juan YN, Yang JS. Disruption of IGF‑1R signaling by a novel quinazoline derivative, HMJ‑30, inhibits invasiveness and reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition in osteosarcoma U‑2 OS cells. Int J Oncol 2018; 52:1465-1478. [PMID: 29568964 PMCID: PMC5873869 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignancy of the bone and is characterized by local invasion and distant metastasis. Over the past 20 years, long-term outcomes have reached a plateau even with aggressive therapy. Overexpression of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF‑1R) is associated with tumor proliferation, invasion and migration in osteosarcoma. In the present study, our group developed a novel quinazoline derivative, 6-fluoro‑2-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-(cyanoanilino)quinazoline (HMJ‑30), in order to disrupt IGF‑1R signaling and tumor invasiveness in osteosarcoma U‑2 OS cells. Molecular modeling, immune-precipitation, western blotting and phosphorylated protein kinase sandwich ELISA assays were used to confirm this hypothesis. The results demonstrated that HMJ‑30 selectively targeted the ATP-binding site of IGF‑1R and inhibited its downstream phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B, Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase, and IκK/nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways in U‑2 OS cells. HMJ‑30 inhibited U‑2 OS cell invasion and migration and downregulated protein levels and activities of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑2 and MMP-9. An increase in protein levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)‑1 and TIMP‑2 was also observed. Furthermore, HMJ‑30 caused U‑2 OS cells to aggregate and form tight clusters, and these cells were flattened, less elongated and displayed cobblestone-like shapes. There was an increase in epithelial markers and a decrease in mesenchymal markers, indicating that the cells underwent the reverse epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Overall, these results demonstrated the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of HMJ‑30 on invasiveness and EMT in U‑2 OS cells, suggesting that this compound deserves further investigation as a potential anti-osteosarcoma drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jen Chiu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Mann-Jen Hour
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-An Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chi-Cheng Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 970, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Genetics Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tai-Lin Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsu Ma
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Ning Juan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Vishwamitra D, George SK, Shi P, Kaseb AO, Amin HM. Type I insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling in hematological malignancies. Oncotarget 2018; 8:1814-1844. [PMID: 27661006 PMCID: PMC5352101 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling system plays key roles in the establishment and progression of different types of cancer. In agreement with this idea, substantial evidence has shown that the type I IGF receptor (IGF-IR) and its primary ligand IGF-I are important for maintaining the survival of malignant cells of hematopoietic origin. In this review, we discuss current understanding of the role of IGF-IR signaling in cancer with a focus on the hematological neoplasms. We also address the emergence of IGF-IR as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of different types of cancer including plasma cell myeloma, leukemia, and lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Vishwamitra
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Suraj Konnath George
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ping Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ahmed O Kaseb
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hesham M Amin
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
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24
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Aiken R, Axelson M, Harmenberg J, Klockare M, Larsson O, Wassberg C. Phase I clinical trial of AXL1717 for treatment of relapsed malignant astrocytomas: analysis of dose and response. Oncotarget 2017; 8:81501-81510. [PMID: 29113409 PMCID: PMC5655304 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Early phase I study of safety of AXL1717 in patients with recurrent or progressive malignant astrocytomas and evaluation of preliminary anti-tumor efficacy. Patients and methods Nine patients fulfilling the set criteria were enrolled. Eight had recurrent glioblastoma and one gliosarcoma. Patients were treated with an oral suspension of AXL1717 (215-400 mg bid) cycle-by-cycle in 35-day cycles (28 days bid and 7 days off). Patients with progressive disease and/or toxicity-related dose delay of more than 14 days were withdrawn. Results Four patients had tumor responses (44%) to AXL1717 treatment. Two of these had stable disease for 12 months (10 cycles at 215-300 mg bid). Due to MRI-detected progression they were then taken off the study. They died 8 and 12 months later, respectively. One patient was treated 8 months (6 cycles with 215 mg bid). He was withdrawn because of disease progression but died after another 25 months. The fourth patient having stable disease died of sepsis due to pancytopenia in the end of cycle 2 on 400 mg bid. A fifth patient underwent surgery after two cycles with 300 mg bid. Pathological analysis demonstrated abundant necrosis and small areas of viable tumor. After one more cycle with 300 mg bid he was withdrawn due to clinical and radiographic worsening and died 11 months later. The other 4 patients did not have any detectable responses and died within 3-13 months after trial entry. Neutropenia was the main adverse effect, which was easily detected and reversible in all but one patient. Conclusion This clinical phase I study indicates that AXL1717 as a single agent is capable of producing prolonged stable disease and survival of patients with relapsed malignant astrocytomas. The drug was well tolerated. A new formulation of the drug will be used in further investigations in order to better define the optimal dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Aiken
- Rutgers-Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, U.S.A
| | - Magnus Axelson
- Clinical Chemistry, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Maria Klockare
- Axelar AB, Karolinska Institutet Science Park, Solna, Sweden
| | - Olle Larsson
- Cellular and Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Centre Karolinska, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Wassberg
- Section of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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25
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Behjati S, Tarpey PS, Haase K, Ye H, Young MD, Alexandrov LB, Farndon SJ, Collord G, Wedge DC, Martincorena I, Cooke SL, Davies H, Mifsud W, Lidgren M, Martin S, Latimer C, Maddison M, Butler AP, Teague JW, Pillay N, Shlien A, McDermott U, Futreal PA, Baumhoer D, Zaikova O, Bjerkehagen B, Myklebost O, Amary MF, Tirabosco R, Van Loo P, Stratton MR, Flanagan AM, Campbell PJ. Recurrent mutation of IGF signalling genes and distinct patterns of genomic rearrangement in osteosarcoma. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15936. [PMID: 28643781 PMCID: PMC5490007 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a primary malignancy of bone that affects children and adults. Here, we present the largest sequencing study of osteosarcoma to date, comprising 112 childhood and adult tumours encompassing all major histological subtypes. A key finding of our study is the identification of mutations in insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signalling genes in 8/112 (7%) of cases. We validate this observation using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in an additional 87 osteosarcomas, with IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) amplification observed in 14% of tumours. These findings may inform patient selection in future trials of IGF1R inhibitors in osteosarcoma. Analysing patterns of mutation, we identify distinct rearrangement profiles including a process characterized by chromothripsis and amplification. This process operates recurrently at discrete genomic regions and generates driver mutations. It may represent an age-independent mutational mechanism that contributes to the development of osteosarcoma in children and adults alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Behjati
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Corpus Christi College, Cambridge CB2 1RH, UK
| | - Patrick S. Tarpey
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | | | - Hongtao Ye
- Department of Histopathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex HA7 4LP, UK
| | - Matthew D. Young
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Ludmil B. Alexandrov
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics (T-6), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Sarah J. Farndon
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Grace Collord
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - David C. Wedge
- Oxford Big Data Institute and Oxford Centre for Cancer Gene Research, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Inigo Martincorena
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Susanna L. Cooke
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Helen Davies
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - William Mifsud
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Mathias Lidgren
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Sancha Martin
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Calli Latimer
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Mark Maddison
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Adam P. Butler
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Jon W. Teague
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Nischalan Pillay
- Department of Histopathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex HA7 4LP, UK
- University College London Cancer Institute, Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Adam Shlien
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X8
| | - Ultan McDermott
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - P. Andrew Futreal
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Genomic Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Daniel Baumhoer
- Bone Tumour Reference Centre, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Ola Myklebost
- Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0379, Norway
- University of Bergen, Bergen 5020, Norway
| | - M. Fernanda Amary
- Department of Histopathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex HA7 4LP, UK
| | - Roberto Tirabosco
- Department of Histopathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex HA7 4LP, UK
| | - Peter Van Loo
- The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Leuven B-3000, Belgium
| | - Michael R. Stratton
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Adrienne M. Flanagan
- Department of Histopathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex HA7 4LP, UK
- University College London Cancer Institute, Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Peter J. Campbell
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XY, UK
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26
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Savvidou OD, Bolia IK, Chloros GD, Goumenos SD, Sakellariou VI, Galanis EC, Papagelopoulos PJ. Applied Nanotechnology and Nanoscience in Orthopedic Oncology. Orthopedics 2016; 39:280-6. [PMID: 27636683 DOI: 10.3928/01477447-20160823-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicine is based on the fact that biological molecules behave similarly to nanomolecules, which have a size of less than 100 nm, and is now affecting most areas of orthopedics. In orthopedic oncology, most of the in vitro and in vivo studies have used osteosarcoma or Ewing sarcoma cell lineages. In this article, tumor imaging and treatment nanotechnology applications, including nanostructure delivery of chemotherapeutic agents, gene therapy, and the role of nano-selenium-coated implants, are outlined. Finally, the potential role of nanotechnology in addressing the challenges of drug and radiotherapy resistance is discussed. [Orthopedics. 2016; 39(5):280-286.].
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Li J, Yang Z, Li Y, Xia J, Li D, Li H, Ren M, Liao Y, Yu S, Chen Y, Yang Y, Zhang Y. Cell apoptosis, autophagy and necroptosis in osteosarcoma treatment. Oncotarget 2016; 7:44763-44778. [PMID: 27007056 PMCID: PMC5190133 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone tumor in children and adolescents. Although combined therapy including surgery and multi-agent chemotherapy have resulted in great improvements in the overall survival of patients, chemoresistance remains an obstacle for the treatment of osteosarcoma. Molecular targets or effective agents that are actively involved in cell death including apoptosis, autophagy and necroptosis have been studied. We summarized how these agents (novel compounds, miRNAs, or proteins) regulate apoptotic, autophagic and necroptotic pathways; and discussed the current knowledge on the role of these new agents in chemotherapy resistance in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zuozhang Yang
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Oncology, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Junfeng Xia
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Dongqi Li
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Huiling Li
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Mingyan Ren
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yedan Liao
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shunling Yu
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanjin Chen
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yihao Yang
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Research Center of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, China
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28
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Ye S, Zhang J, Shen J, Gao Y, Li Y, Choy E, Cote G, Harmon D, Mankin H, Gray NS, Hornicek FJ, Duan Z. NVP-TAE684 reverses multidrug resistance (MDR) in human osteosarcoma by inhibiting P-glycoprotein (PGP1) function. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:613-26. [PMID: 26603906 PMCID: PMC4728419 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Increased expression of P-glycoprotein (PGP1) is one of the major causes of multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer, including in osteosarcoma, which eventually leads to the failure of cancer chemotherapy. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop effective therapeutic strategies to override the expression and function of PGP1 to counter MDR in cancer patients. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In an effort to search for new chemical entities targeting PGP1-associated MDR in osteosarcoma, we screened a 500+ compound library of known kinase inhibitors with established kinase selectivity profiles. We aimed to discover potential drug synergistic effects among kinase inhibitors and general chemotherapeutics by combining inhibitors with chemotherapy drugs such as doxorubicin and paclitaxel. The human osteosarcoma MDR cell lines U2OSR2 and KHOSR2 were used for the initial screen and secondary mechanistic studies. KEY RESULTS After screening 500+ kinase inhibitors, we identified NVP-TAE684 as the most effective MDR reversing agent. NVP-TAE684 significantly reversed chemoresistance when used in combination with doxorubicin, paclitaxel, docetaxel, vincristine, ET-743 or mitoxantrone. NVP-TAE684 itself is not a PGP1 substrate competitive inhibitor, but it can increase the intracellular accumulation of PGP1 substrates in PGP1-overexpressing cell lines. NVP-TAE684 was found to inhibit the function of PGP1 by stimulating PGP1 ATPase activity, a phenomenon reported for other PGP1 inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The application of NVP-TAE684 to restore sensitivity of osteosarcoma MDR cells to the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapeutics will be useful for further study of PGP1-mediated MDR in human cancer and may ultimately benefit cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunan Ye
- Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Jianming Zhang
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Jacson Shen
- Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Yan Gao
- Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Ying Li
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Edwin Choy
- Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Gregory Cote
- Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - David Harmon
- Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Henry Mankin
- Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | | | - Francis J Hornicek
- Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Zhenfeng Duan
- Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
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p53 overexpression increases chemosensitivity in multidrug-resistant osteosarcoma cell lines. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2015; 77:349-56. [PMID: 26698867 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-015-2944-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle to the successful treatment of osteosarcoma with chemotherapy. Effectiveness of cancer therapy correlates with the ability to induce a p53-dependent apoptotic response. p53 is a tumor suppressor gene that is mutated in 22 % of osteosarcomas. While impaired p53 has been implicated in the oncogenesis of osteosarcoma, it is unclear whether overexpression of wild-type p53 can increase chemosensitivity in MDR osteosarcoma cells. METHODS We transfected a plasmid encoding the wild-type p53 gene to MDR osteosarcoma cell lines, which have different p53 statuses, U-2OSR2 with wild-type p53 (Wt-p53) and KHOSR2 with mutant p53 (Mt-p53), and determined the effect of p53 overexpression on chemosensitivities. RESULTS Both of the U-2OSR2 and KHOSR2 cell lines displayed similar trends in p53-induced drug sensitivities. However, it seems that the impact of p53 overexpression is different based on the differential intrinsic p53 status in these cell lines. In the KHOSR2 cell line (Mt-p53), overexpression of p53 up-regulates the expression of pro-apoptotic protein p21 and Bax, while in the U-2OSR2 cell line (Wt-p53), overexpression of p53 down-regulates IGF-1r expression significantly. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that transfection of wild-type p53 increases chemosensitivity either through inhibiting IGF-1r or through increasing the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins p21 and Bax in human MDR osteosarcoma cell lines.
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Wu YT, Wang BJ, Miao SW, Gao JJ. Picropodophyllin inhibits the growth of Ewing's sarcoma cells through the insulin‑like growth factor‑1 receptor/Akt signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:7045-50. [PMID: 26323364 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ewing's sarcoma (ES) is the second most common type of pediatric bone tumor, and is associated with a poor prognosis. Picropodophyllin (PPP), a novel selective inhibitor of insulin‑like growth factor‑1 receptor (IGF‑1R), is able to strongly inhibit various types of cancers. However, the effect of IGF‑1R on ES remains unclear. Following treatment with various concentrations of PPP for various times, cell viability was determined using an MTT assay. In addition, cell proliferation and apoptosis was investigated separately by bromodeoxyuridine staining and flow cytometry, respectively. The PPP‑associated signaling pathway was also investigated. The results of the present study suggested that PPP inhibited cell proliferation and viability of A673 and SK‑ES‑1 human Ewing's sarcoma cells in a dose- and time‑dependent manner. In addition, cell apoptosis rates were increased following treatment with PPP. Further investigation of the underlying mechanism revealed that PPP inhibited Akt phosphorylation. Fumonisin B1, an Akt‑specific activator, reversed the inhibitory effects of PPP on cell growth. Furthermore, the results suggested that PPP decreased the expression levels of IGF‑1R, a common activator of Akt signaling. PPP inhibited the growth of human Ewing's sarcoma cells by targeting the IGF‑1R/Akt signaling pathway. Therefore, PPP may prove useful in the development of an effective strategy for the treatment of Ewing's sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Tao Wu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Jun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Province Yangling Demonstration Zone Hospital, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Wu Miao
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Province Yangling Demonstration Zone Hospital, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
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Liang J, Li B, Yuan L, Ye Z. Prognostic value of IGF-1R expression in bone and soft tissue sarcomas: a meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:1949-55. [PMID: 26251617 PMCID: PMC4524581 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s88293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulated evidence has indicated a correlation between IGF-1R and bone and soft tissue sarcoma (BSTS) progression. However, research on the prognostic role of IGF-1R in sarcomas has revealed very different or even totally opposite results. This meta-analysis aimed to unveil the controversial role IGF-1R plays in predicting the outcome of BSTS patients. We systematically reviewed the evidence for the effect of IGF-1R expression in multiple types of BSTSs, including osteosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma, synovial sarcoma, liposarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma, to elucidate this issue. The prognostic value of IGF-1R expression in BSTS patients was evaluated regarding overall survival, measured by pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Seven studies including 627 patients were enrolled in this meta-analysis. Our results demonstrated that IGF-1R expression was associated with poor outcome in terms of overall survival in BSTS patients (pooled HR =2.15, 95% CI: 1.06–4.38; P=0.03). In subtypes of BSTSs, elevated IGF-1R expression was revealed to be significantly correlated with worse prognosis in osteosarcoma (pooled HR =2.20, 95% CI: 1.59–0.03; P<0.001), while no statistical significance was discovered in Ewing’s sarcoma (pooled HR =1.01, 95% CI: 0.45–2.27; P=0.99). Expression of IGF-1R could be a negative prognostic biomarker for patients suffering from BSTSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbo Liang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China ; Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Binghao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Orthopaedic Research, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yuan
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Orthopaedic Research, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Ekman S, Harmenberg J, Frödin JE, Bergström S, Wassberg C, Eksborg S, Larsson O, Axelson M, Jerling M, Abrahmsen L, Hedlund Å, Alvfors C, Ståhl B, Bergqvist M. A novel oral insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor pathway modulator and its implications for patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma: A phase I clinical trial. Acta Oncol 2015; 55:140-8. [PMID: 26161618 DOI: 10.3109/0284186x.2015.1049290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A phase Ia/b dose-escalation study was performed to characterize the safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetic properties of the oral small molecule insulin-like growth factor-1-receptor pathway modulator AXL1717 in patients with advanced solid tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a prospective, single-armed, open label, dose-finding phase Ia/b study with the aim of single day dosing (phase Ia) to define the starting dose for multi-day dosing (phase Ib), and phase Ib to define and confirm recommended phase II dose (RP2D) and if possible maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for repeated dosing. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Phase Ia enrolled 16 patients and dose escalations up to 2900 mg BID were successfully performed without any dose limiting toxicity (DLT). A total of 39 patients were treated in phase Ib. AXL1717 was well tolerated with neutropenia as the only dose-related, reversible, DLT. RP2D dose was found to be 390 mg BID for four weeks. Some patients, mainly with NSCLC, demonstrated signs of clinical benefit, including four partial tumor responses (one according to RECIST and three according to PET). The 15 patients with NSCLC with treatment duration longer than two weeks with single agent AXL1717 in third or fourth line of therapy showed a median progression-free survival of 31 weeks and overall survival of 60 weeks. Down-regulation of IGF-1R on granulocytes and increases of free serum levels of IGF-1 were seen in patients treated with AXL1717. AXL1717 had an acceptable safety profile and demonstrated promising efficacy in this heavily pretreated patient cohort, especially in patients with NSCLC. RP2D was concluded to be 390 mg BID for four weeks. Trial number is NCT01062620.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Ekman
- a Department of Immunology , Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
| | | | - Jan-Erik Frödin
- c Department of Oncology , Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden
| | | | - Cecilia Wassberg
- e Section of Radiology, Department of Radiology , Oncology and Radiation Sciences, Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Staffan Eksborg
- f Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Olle Larsson
- g Cellular and Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Oncology and Pathology , Cancer Centre Karolinska, Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Magnus Axelson
- h Department of Clinical Chemistry , Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Markus Jerling
- b Axelar AB, Karolinska Institute Science Park , Solna , Sweden
| | - Lars Abrahmsen
- b Axelar AB, Karolinska Institute Science Park , Solna , Sweden
| | - Åsa Hedlund
- a Department of Immunology , Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
| | | | - Birgitta Ståhl
- b Axelar AB, Karolinska Institute Science Park , Solna , Sweden
| | - Michael Bergqvist
- a Department of Immunology , Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
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Waraky A, Akopyan K, Parrow V, Strömberg T, Axelson M, Abrahmsén L, Lindqvist A, Larsson O, Aleem E. Picropodophyllin causes mitotic arrest and catastrophe by depolymerizing microtubules via insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor-independent mechanism. Oncotarget 2015; 5:8379-92. [PMID: 25268741 PMCID: PMC4226690 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Picropodophyllin (PPP) is an anticancer drug undergoing clinical development in NSCLC. PPP has been shown to suppress IGF-1R signaling and to induce a G2/M cell cycle phase arrest but the exact mechanisms remain to be elucidated. The present study identified an IGF-1-independent mechanism of PPP leading to pro-metaphase arrest. The mitotic block was induced in human cancer cell lines and in an A549 xenograft mouse but did not occur in normal hepatocytes/mouse tissues. Cell cycle arrest by PPP occurred in vitro and in vivo accompanied by prominent CDK1 activation, and was IGF-1R-independent since it occurred also in IGF-1R-depleted and null cells. The tumor cells were not arrested in G2/M but in mitosis. Centrosome separation was prevented during mitotic entry, resulting in a monopolar mitotic spindle with subsequent prometaphase-arrest, independent of Plk1/Aurora A or Eg5, and leading to cell features of mitotic catastrophe. PPP also increased soluble tubulin and decreased spindle-associated tubulin within minutes, indicating that it interfered with microtubule dynamics. These results provide a novel IGF-1R-independent mechanism of antitumor effects of PPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Waraky
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Solna, Sweden
| | - Karen Akopyan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Vendela Parrow
- Axelar AB, Karolinska Institutet Science Park, Solna, Sweden
| | - Thomas Strömberg
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Solna, Sweden
| | - Magnus Axelson
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Abrahmsén
- Axelar AB, Karolinska Institutet Science Park, Solna, Sweden
| | - Arne Lindqvist
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Olle Larsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Solna, Sweden
| | - Eiman Aleem
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Solna, Sweden. Alexandria University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Alexandria, Egypt. The Ronald A. Matricaria Institute of Molecular Medicine at Phoenix Children's Hospital, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Department of Child Health, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
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Denduluri SK, Idowu O, Wang Z, Liao Z, Yan Z, Mohammed MK, Ye J, Wei Q, Wang J, Zhao L, Luu HH. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling in tumorigenesis and the development of cancer drug resistance. Genes Dis 2015; 2:13-25. [PMID: 25984556 PMCID: PMC4431759 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the greatest obstacles to current cancer treatment efforts is the development of drug resistance by tumors. Despite recent advances in diagnostic practices and surgical interventions, many neoplasms demonstrate poor response to adjuvant or neoadjuvant radiation and chemotherapy. As a result, the prognosis for many patients afflicted with these aggressive cancers remains bleak. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling axis has been shown to play critical role in the development and progression of various tumors. Many basic science and translational studies have shown that IGF pathway modulators can have promising effects when used to treat various malignancies. There also exists a substantial body of recent evidence implicating IGF signaling dysregulation in the dwindling response of tumors to current standard-of-care therapy. By better understanding both the IGF-dependent and -independent mechanisms by which pathway members can influence drug sensitivity, we can eventually aim to use modulators of IGF signaling to augment the effects of current therapy. This review summarizes and synthesizes numerous recent investigations looking at the role of the IGF pathway in drug resistance. We offer a brief overview of IGF signaling and its general role in neoplasia, and then delve into detail about the many types of human cancer that have been shown to have IGF pathway involvement in resistance and/or sensitization to therapy. Ultimately, our hope is that such a compilation of evidence will compel investigators to carry out much needed studies looking at combination treatment with IGF signaling modulators to overcome current therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahitya K. Denduluri
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Olumuyiwa Idowu
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Zhongliang Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhan Liao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiang-Ya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Zhengjian Yan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Maryam K. Mohammed
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jixing Ye
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- School of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lianggong Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Hue H. Luu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 3079, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Ségaliny AI, Tellez-Gabriel M, Heymann MF, Heymann D. Receptor tyrosine kinases: Characterisation, mechanism of action and therapeutic interests for bone cancers. J Bone Oncol 2015; 4:1-12. [PMID: 26579483 PMCID: PMC4620971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone cancers are characterised by the development of tumour cells in bone sites, associated with a dysregulation of their environment. In the last two decades, numerous therapeutic strategies have been developed to target the cancer cells or tumour niche. As the crosstalk between these two entities is tightly controlled by the release of polypeptide mediators activating signalling pathways through several receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), RTK inhibitors have been designed. These inhibitors have shown exciting clinical impacts, such as imatinib mesylate, which has become a reference treatment for chronic myeloid leukaemia and gastrointestinal tumours. The present review gives an overview of the main molecular and functional characteristics of RTKs, and focuses on the clinical applications that are envisaged and already assessed for the treatment of bone sarcomas and bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude I Ségaliny
- INSERM, UMR 957, Equipe LIGUE Nationale Contre le Cancer 2012, Nantes 44035, France ; Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Pathophysiology of Bone Resorption and Therapy of Primary Bone Tumours, Nantes, France
| | - Marta Tellez-Gabriel
- INSERM, UMR 957, Equipe LIGUE Nationale Contre le Cancer 2012, Nantes 44035, France ; Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Pathophysiology of Bone Resorption and Therapy of Primary Bone Tumours, Nantes, France
| | - Marie-Françoise Heymann
- INSERM, UMR 957, Equipe LIGUE Nationale Contre le Cancer 2012, Nantes 44035, France ; Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Pathophysiology of Bone Resorption and Therapy of Primary Bone Tumours, Nantes, France ; CHU de Nantes, France
| | - Dominique Heymann
- INSERM, UMR 957, Equipe LIGUE Nationale Contre le Cancer 2012, Nantes 44035, France ; Université de Nantes, Nantes atlantique universités, Pathophysiology of Bone Resorption and Therapy of Primary Bone Tumours, Nantes, France ; CHU de Nantes, France
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Abdallah BM, Jafari A, Zaher W, Qiu W, Kassem M. Skeletal (stromal) stem cells: an update on intracellular signaling pathways controlling osteoblast differentiation. Bone 2015; 70:28-36. [PMID: 25138551 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2014.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal (marrow stromal) stem cells (BMSCs) are a group of multipotent cells that reside in the bone marrow stroma and can differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes and adipocytes. Studying signaling pathways that regulate BMSC differentiation into osteoblastic cells is a strategy for identifying druggable targets for enhancing bone formation. This review will discuss the functions and the molecular mechanisms of action on osteoblast differentiation and bone formation; of a number of recently identified regulatory molecules: the non-canonical Notch signaling molecule Delta-like 1/preadipocyte factor 1 (Dlk1/Pref-1), the Wnt co-receptor Lrp5 and intracellular kinases. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Stem Cells and Bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basem M Abdallah
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Abbas Jafari
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; DanStem (Danish Stem Cell Center), Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Walid Zaher
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Weimin Qiu
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; DanStem (Danish Stem Cell Center), Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.
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Duan Z, Zhang J, Ye S, Shen J, Choy E, Cote G, Harmon D, Mankin H, Hua Y, Zhang Y, Gray NS, Hornicek FJ. A-770041 reverses paclitaxel and doxorubicin resistance in osteosarcoma cells. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:681. [PMID: 25236161 PMCID: PMC4177239 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reversing multidrug resistance (MDR) has been an important goal for clinical and investigational oncologists. In the last few decades, significant effort has been made to search for inhibitors to reverse MDR by targeting ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters (Pgp, MRP) directly, but these efforts have achieved little clinical success. Protein kinases play important roles in many aspects of tumor cell growth and survival. Combinations of kinase inhibitors and chemotherapeutics have been observed to overcome cancer drug resistance in certain circumstances. Methods We screened a kinase specific inhibitor compound library in human osteosarcoma MDR cell lines to identify inhibitors that were capable of reversing chemoresistance to doxorubicin and paclitaxel. Results We identified 18 small molecules that significantly increase chemotherapy drug-induced cell death in human osteosarcoma MDR cell lines U-2OSMR and KHOSR2. We identified A-770041 as one of the most effective MDR reversing agents when combined with doxorubicin or paclitaxel. A-770041 is a potent Src family kinase (Lck and Src) inhibitor. Western blot analysis revealed A-770041 inhibits both Src and Lck activation and expression. Inhibition of Src expression in U-2OSMR and KHOSR2 cell lines using lentiviral shRNA also resulted in increased doxorubicin and paclitaxel drug sensitivity. A-770041 increases the intracellular drug accumulation as demonstrated by calcein AM assay. Conclusions These results indicate that small molecule inhibitor A-770041 may function to reverse ABCB1/Pgp-mediated chemotherapy drug resistance. Combination of Src family kinase inhibitor with regular chemotherapy drug could be clinically effective in MDR osteosarcoma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2407-14-681) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfeng Duan
- Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 100 Blossom St,, Jackson 1115, Boston 02114, MA, USA.
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Maniscalco L, Iussich S, Morello E, Martano M, Gattino F, Miretti S, Biolatti B, Accornero P, Martignani E, Sánchez-Céspedes R, Buracco P, De Maria R. Increased expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor is correlated with worse survival in canine appendicular osteosarcoma. Vet J 2014; 205:272-80. [PMID: 25257352 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) is a cell membrane receptor widely expressed in tissues and involved in different cancers in humans. IGF-1R expression in human osteosarcoma has been associated with the development of tumour metastasis and with prognosis, and represents an attractive therapeutic target. The goal of this study was to investigate the expression of IGF-1R in canine osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines and assess its role and prognostic value. Samples from 34 dogs were examined by immunohistochemistry for IGF-1R expression. IGF-1R/AKT/MAPK signalling was evaluated by western blot and quantitative polymerase chain reaction in the cell lines. In addition, the in vitro inhibition of IGF-1R with pycropodophillin (PPP) was used to evaluate molecular and biological effects. Immunohistochemical data showed that IGF-1R was expressed in 71% of the analysed osteosarcoma samples and that dogs with higher levels of IGF-IR expression (47% of cases) had decreased survival (P < 0.05) when compared to dogs with lower IGF-IR expression. Molecular studies demonstrated that in canine osteosarcoma IGF-IR is activated by IGF-1 mostly in a paracrine or endocrine (rather than autocrine) manner, leading to activation of AKT/MAPK signalling. PPP caused p-IGF-1R dephosphorylation with partial blocking of p-MAPK and p-AKT, as well as apoptosis. It was concluded that IGF-1R is expressed and plays a role in canine osteosarcoma and that its expression is correlated with a poor prognosis. As in humans, IGF-1R may represent a good therapeutic target and a prognostic factor for canine osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorella Maniscalco
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, TO, Italy.
| | - Selina Iussich
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Emanuela Morello
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Marina Martano
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Francesca Gattino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Silvia Miretti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Bartolomeo Biolatti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Paolo Accornero
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Eugenio Martignani
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Raquel Sánchez-Céspedes
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Paolo Buracco
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Raffaella De Maria
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
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Zhang Q, Pan J, Lubet RA, Wang Y, You M. Targeting the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor by picropodophyllin for lung cancer chemoprevention. Mol Carcinog 2014; 54 Suppl 1:E129-37. [PMID: 25163779 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) is a transmembrane heterotetramer that is activated by Insulin-like growth factor 1 and is crucial for tumor transformation and survival of malignant cells. Importantly, IGF-1R overexpression has been reported in many different cancers, implicating this receptor as a potential target for anticancer therapy. Picropodophyllin (PPP) is a potent inhibitor of IGF-1R and has antitumor efficacy in several cancer types. However, the chemopreventive effect of PPP in lung tumorigenesis has not been investigated. In this study, we investigated the chemopreventive activity of PPP in a mouse lung tumor model. Benzo(a)pyrene was used to induce lung tumors, and PPP was given by nasal inhalation to female A/J mice. Lung tumorigenesis was assessed by tumor multiplicity and tumor load. PPP significantly decreased tumor multiplicity and tumor load. Tumor multiplicity and load were decreased by 52% and 78% respectively by 4 mg/ml aerosolized PPP. Pharmacokinetics analysis showed good bioavailability of PPP in lung and plasma. Treatment with PPP increased staining for cleaved caspase-3 and decreased Ki-67 in lung tumors, suggesting that the lung tumor inhibitory effects of PPP were partially through inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis. In human lung cancer cell lines, PPP inhibited cell proliferation, and also inhibited phosphorylation of IGF-1R downstream targets, AKT and MAPK, ultimately resulting in increased apoptosis. PPP also reduced cell invasion in lung cancer cell lines. In view of our data, PPP merits further investigation as a promising chemopreventive agent for human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Jing Pan
- Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ronald A Lubet
- Chemoprevention Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yian Wang
- Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ming You
- Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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40
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Haluska P, Menefee M, Plimack ER, Rosenberg J, Northfelt D, LaVallee T, Shi L, Yu XQ, Burke P, Huang J, Viner J, McDevitt J, LoRusso P. Phase I dose-escalation study of MEDI-573, a bispecific, antiligand monoclonal antibody against IGFI and IGFII, in patients with advanced solid tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:4747-57. [PMID: 25024259 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This phase I, multicenter, open-label, single-arm, dose-escalation, and dose-expansion study evaluated the safety, tolerability, and antitumor activity of MEDI-573 in adults with advanced solid tumors refractory to standard therapy or for which no standard therapy exists. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Patients received MEDI-573 in 1 of 5 cohorts (0.5, 1.5, 5, 10, or 15 mg/kg) dosed weekly or 1 of 2 cohorts (30 or 45 mg/kg) dosed every 3 weeks. Primary end points included the MEDI-573 safety profile, maximum tolerated dose (MTD), and optimal biologic dose (OBD). Secondary end points included MEDI-573 pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics, immunogenicity, and antitumor activity. RESULTS In total, 43 patients (20 with urothelial cancer) received MEDI-573. No dose-limiting toxicities were identified, and only 1 patient experienced hyperglycemia related to treatment. Elevations in levels of insulin and/or growth hormone were not observed. Adverse events observed in >10% of patients included fatigue, anorexia, nausea, diarrhea, and anemia. PK evaluation demonstrated that levels of MEDI-573 increased with dose at all dose levels tested. At doses >5 mg/kg, circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGFII were fully suppressed. Of 39 patients evaluable for response, none experienced partial or complete response and 13 had stable disease as best response. CONCLUSIONS The MTD of MEDI-573 was not reached. The OBD was 5 mg/kg weekly or 30 or 45 mg/kg every 3 weeks. MEDI-573 showed preliminary antitumor activity in a heavily pretreated population and had a favorable tolerability profile, with no notable perturbations in metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Li Shi
- MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland
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41
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miR-22 inhibits osteosarcoma cell proliferation and migration by targeting HMGB1 and inhibiting HMGB1-mediated autophagy. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:7025-34. [PMID: 24752578 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1965-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquisition of drug-resistant phenotypes is often associated with chemotherapy in osteosarcoma. Studies show that high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) plays an important role in facilitating autophagy and promotes drug resistance in osteosarcoma cells. In this study, we determined the targeting role of miR-22 to HMGB1 and the regulation of miR-22 on the HMGB1-mediated cell autophagy and on the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. Results demonstrated that miR-22 well paired with the 3'-UTR of HMGB1 downregulated the HMGB1 expression and blocked the HMGB1-mediated autophagy during chemotherapy in osteosarcoma cells in vitro. Further study showed that the blockage of autophagy by miR-22 inhibited the osteosarcoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In summary, this study implied the negative regulation of miR-22 on the HMGB1-mediated autophagy in osteosarcoma cells.
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42
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Li X, Wang S, Chen Y, Liu G, Yang X. miR-22 targets the 3' UTR of HMGB1 and inhibits the HMGB1-associated autophagy in osteosarcoma cells during chemotherapy. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:6021-8. [PMID: 24609901 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1797-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor for children and adolescents, and the frequent acquisition of drug-resistant phenotypes and the occurrence of "secondary malignancies" are often associated with chemotherapy and are significant obstacles to achieving favorable outcomes. Thus, it is urgent to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying the chemoresistance of osteosarcoma. In this study, we showed that miR-22 and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) were deregulated in osteosarcoma cells, post-chemotherapy; the upregulated HMGB1 mediated autophagy and contributed to chemotherapy resistance in osteosarcoma in vitro. However, possibly as a compensatory effect, miR-22 was also upregulated during the chemotherapy, and the overexpressed miR-22 targeted the 3' UTR of HMGB1 and inhibits the HMGB1-promoted autophagy. Our study suggests a complexity in the regulation of autophagy by miR-22 and HMGB1 during chemotherapy resistance in osteosarcoma. These results reveal novel potential role of miR-22 against chemotherapy resistance during the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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43
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Dong Z, Yao M, Wang L, Yan X, Gu X, Shi Y, Yao N, Qiu L, Wu W, Yao D. Abnormal expression of insulin-like growth factor-I receptor in hepatoma tissue and its inhibition to promote apoptosis of tumor cells. Tumour Biol 2014; 34:3397-405. [PMID: 23797814 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-0912-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal signaling of insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR) is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate IGF-IR's role as a signaling molecule, its pathological alteration in hepatoma tissues, and its effect on hepatoma cell proliferation when inhibited. As measured by immunohistochemical analysis, the incidence of hepatic IGF-IR expression in cancerous tissue was 80.0 % (24 of 30), which was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than 43.3 % (13 of 30) occurrence in the surrounding tissue and the nondetectable (0 of 30) frequency in the distal cancerous tissue. Hepatoma IGF-IR expression was correlated to the differentiation degree and not to the number or size of tumors, HBV infection, and AFP level. The in vitro IGF-IR expression in hepatoma cells was down-regulated significantly by picropodophyllin, a specific kinase inhibitor, in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Cell proliferation was inhibited through typical mechanisms of promoting apoptosis and cell cycle arrest (G2/M phase). Up-regulation of IGF-IR in hepatocarcinogenesis suggests that the down-regulation of IGF-IR expression could be a specific molecular target for hepatoma cell proliferation.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Base Sequence
- Blotting, Western
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Down-Regulation/drug effects
- Female
- G2 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints/drug effects
- G2 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Hep G2 Cells
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Liver/metabolism
- Liver/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Podophyllotoxin/analogs & derivatives
- Podophyllotoxin/pharmacology
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Time Factors
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44
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Estrada JA, Contreras I, Pliego-Rivero FB, Otero GA. Molecular mechanisms of cognitive impairment in iron deficiency: alterations in brain-derived neurotrophic factor and insulin-like growth factor expression and function in the central nervous system. Nutr Neurosci 2013; 17:193-206. [PMID: 24074845 DOI: 10.1179/1476830513y.0000000084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present review examines the relationship between iron deficiency and central nervous system (CNS) development and cognitive impairment, focusing on the cellular and molecular mechanisms related to the expression and function of growth factors, particularly the insulin-like growth factors I and II (IGF-I/II) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), in the CNS. METHODS Nutritional deficiencies are important determinants in human cognitive impairment. Among these, iron deficiency has the highest prevalence worldwide. Although this ailment is known to induce psychomotor deficits during development, the precise molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying these alterations have not been properly elucidated. This review summarizes the available information on the effect of iron deficiency on the expression and function of growth factors in the CNS, with an emphasis on IGF-I/II and BDNF. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Recent studies have shown that specific growth factors, such as IGF-I/II and BDNF, have an essential role in cognition, particularly in processes involving learning and memory, by the activation of intracellular-signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. It is known that nutritional deficiencies promote reductions in systemic and CNS concentrations of growth factors, and that altered expression of these molecules and their receptors in the CNS leads to psychomotor and developmental deficits. Iron deficiency may induce these deficits by decreasing the expression and function of IGF-I/II and BDNF in specific areas of the brain.
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45
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van de Luijtgaarden ACM, Roeffen MHS, Leus MA, Flucke UE, Schreuder BHWB, van der Graaf WTA, Versleijen-Jonkers YMH. IGF signaling pathway analysis of osteosarcomas reveals the prognostic value of pAKT localization. Future Oncol 2013; 9:1733-40. [DOI: 10.2217/fon.13.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the expression of the IGF signaling pathway components in osteosarcoma samples before and after chemotherapy with special emphasis on their prognostic value. Materials & methods: Tumor material and follow-up data of 58 osteosarcoma patients were analyzed. Immunohistochemical staining was carried out to identify proteins related to the IGF pathway. Changes in protein expression during treatment, correlations between proteins and subsequent influence on survival were tested. Results: Proteins of the IGF signaling system are widely expressed in osteosarcoma samples. We demonstrate a change in expression of intracellular pathway proteins after chemotherapy. Remarkably, cytoplasmic pAKT, but not nuclear pAKT, is associated with poor survival. Conclusion: IGF pathway proteins seem to be widely activated in osteosarcoma, but their expression changes after chemotherapy. This has implications for the timing of both measuring target expression and pathway interference. Our observations on the prognostic value of cytoplasmic pAKT warrant further investigation while considering the introduction of AKT inhibitors for osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addy CM van de Luijtgaarden
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Oncology, Internal Postal Code 452, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Melissa HS Roeffen
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Oncology, Internal Postal Code 452, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Manon A Leus
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Oncology, Internal Postal Code 452, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Uta E Flucke
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Pathology, Internal postal code 824, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bart HWB Schreuder
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Internal postal code 357, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Winette TA van der Graaf
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Oncology, Internal Postal Code 452, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne MH Versleijen-Jonkers
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Oncology, Internal Postal Code 452, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Bao NR, Lu M, Bin FW, Chang ZY, Meng J, Zhou LW, Guo T, Zhao JN. Systematic screen with kinases inhibitors reveals kinases play distinct roles in growth of osteoprogenitor cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2013; 6:2082-2091. [PMID: 24133586 PMCID: PMC3796230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Cancer treatment-related bone loss has become growing problematic, especially in breast and prostate cancer treated with hormone/endocrine therapy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, bone loss caused by targeted therapy in cancer patients is largely unknown yet. In present study, a kinase inhibitors screen was applied for MC3T3-E1, a murine osteoprogenitor cell line, and seven kinase inhibitors (GSK1838705A, PF-04691502, Dasatinib, Masitinib, GDC-0941, XL880 and Everolimus) were found to suppress the cell viability with dose- and time-dependent manner. The most interesting is that many kinase inhibitors (such as lapatinib, erlotinib and sunitinib) can promote MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation at 0.01 μM. 4 out of 7 inhibitors were selected to perform the functional study and found that they lead to cell cycle dysregulation, treatments of PF-04691502 (AKT inhibitor), Dasatinib (Src inhibitor) and Everolimus (mTOR inhibitor) lead to G1 arrest of MC3T3-E1 cells via downregulation of cyclin D1 and p-AKT, whereas XL880 (MET and VEGFR inhibitor) treatment results in increase of sub-G1 and G2/M phase by upregulation of p53 protein. Our work provides important indications for the comprehensive care of cancer patients treated with some targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni-Rong Bao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jinling Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, Nanjing University Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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47
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Lin F, Shen Z, Xu X, Hu BB, Meerani S, Tang LN, Zheng SE, Sun YJ, Min DL, Yao Y. Evaluation of the expression and role of IGF pathway biomarkers in human sarcomas. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2013; 26:169-77. [PMID: 23527719 DOI: 10.1177/039463201302600116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling components have been involved in the pathogenesis and progression of different types of sarcomas. There has been some evidence to indicate the differential expression of IGF2 and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) in human sarcomas. The present study utilized immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) to determine the expression of IGF2 and IGF1R in eighty-two cases of human sarcoma specimens and eight cases of non-tumor tissue (NTT). IGF2/IGF1R signaling was blocked by recombinant adenovirus-mediated IGF1R small hairpin RNA (shIGF1R), which was used to transfect into human osteosarcoma (OS) MG-63 cells. The expression of IGF2, IGF1R, matrix metallopeptidase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 was detected by Real-time PCR. Cell migration was evaluated by wound healing assay. As a consequence, the expression of IGF1R and IGF2 was found in human OS with higher strong reactivity rate compared with the NTT (85.0 percent vs 50.0 percent, P=0.022; 95.0 percent vs 100.0 percent, P=0.042), elevating with the ascending order of tumor malignancy. Also, IGF1R had differential expression in different types of sarcomas (P=0.002), while IGF2 had no significant difference (P=0.105). Targeted blockade of IGF2/IGF1R signaling decreased the expression of IGF2, IGF1R, and MMP-2/-9, and diminished the migration capabilities of MG-63 cells. In conclusion, IGF1R is differentially-expressed in different types of human sarcomas, and targeted blockade of IGF1R pathway may inhibit human OS migration through down-regulation of MMP-2/-9 expression. IGF1R pathway may represent a significant therapeutic modality for the treatment of sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lin
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
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48
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Yin SC, Guo W, Tao ZZ. Picropodophyllin inhibits tumor growth of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a mouse model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 439:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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49
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Jin M, Buck E, Mulvihill MJ. Modulation of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and its signaling network for the treatment of cancer: current status and future perspectives. Oncol Rev 2013; 7:e3. [PMID: 25992224 PMCID: PMC4419619 DOI: 10.4081/oncol.2013.e3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on over three decades of pre-clinical data, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling has gained recognition as a promoter of tumorogenesis, driving cell survival and proliferation in multiple human cancers. As a result, IGF-1R has been pursued as a target for cancer treatment. Early pioneering efforts targeting IGF-1R focused on highly selective monoclonal antibodies, with multiple agents advancing to clinical trials. However, despite some initial promising results, recent clinical disclosures have been less encouraging. Moreover, recent studies have revealed that IGF-1R participates in a dynamic and complex signaling network, interacting with additional targets and pathways thereof through various crosstalk and compensatory signaling mechanisms. Such mechanisms of bypass signaling help to shed some light on the decreased effectiveness of selective IGF-1R targeted therapies (e.g. monoclonal antibodies) and suggest that targeting multiple nodes within this signaling network might be necessary to produce a more effective therapeutic response. Additionally, such findings have led to the development of small molecule IGF-1R inhibitors which also co-inhibit additional targets such as insulin receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor. Such findings have helped to guide the design rationale of numerous drug combinations that are currently being evaluated in clinical trials.
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50
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Protein kinase C epsilon and genetic networks in osteosarcoma metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2013; 5:372-403. [PMID: 24216982 PMCID: PMC3730329 DOI: 10.3390/cancers5020372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant tumor of the bone, and pulmonary metastasis is the most frequent cause of OS mortality. The aim of this study was to discover and characterize genetic networks differentially expressed in metastatic OS. Expression profiling of OS tumors, and subsequent supervised network analysis, was performed to discover genetic networks differentially activated or organized in metastatic OS compared to localized OS. Broad trends among the profiles of metastatic tumors include aberrant activity of intracellular organization and translation networks, as well as disorganization of metabolic networks. The differentially activated PRKCε-RASGRP3-GNB2 network, which interacts with the disorganized DLG2 hub, was also found to be differentially expressed among OS cell lines with differing metastatic capacity in xenograft models. PRKCε transcript was more abundant in some metastatic OS tumors; however the difference was not significant overall. In functional studies, PRKCε was not found to be involved in migration of M132 OS cells, but its protein expression was induced in M112 OS cells following IGF-1 stimulation.
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