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Skryabin GO, Komelkov AV, Zhordania KI, Bagrov DV, Enikeev AD, Galetsky SA, Beliaeva AA, Kopnin PB, Moiseenko AV, Senkovenko AM, Tchevkina EM. Integrated miRNA Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles from Uterine Aspirates, Malignant Ascites and Primary-Cultured Ascites Cells for Ovarian Cancer Screening. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:902. [PMID: 39065600 PMCID: PMC11280431 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are of growing interest in the context of screening for highly informative cancer markers. We have previously shown that uterine aspirate EVs (UA EVs) are a promising source of ovarian cancer (OC) diagnostic markers. In this study, we first conducted an integrative analysis of EV-miRNA profiles from UA, malignant ascitic fluid (AF), and a conditioned medium of cultured ascites cells (ACs). Using three software packages, we identified 79 differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) in UA EVs from OC patients and healthy individuals. To narrow down this panel and select miRNAs most involved in OC pathogenesis, we aligned these molecules with the DE-miRNA sets obtained by comparing the EV-miRNA profiles from OC-related biofluids with the same control. We found that 76% of the DE-miRNAs from the identified panel are similarly altered (differentially co-expressed) in AF EVs, as are 58% in AC EVs. Interestingly, the set of miRNAs differentially co-expressed in AF and AC EVs strongly overlaps (40 out of 44 miRNAs). Finally, the application of more rigorous criteria for DE assessment, combined with the selection of miRNAs that are differentially co-expressed in all biofluids, resulted in the identification of a panel of 29 miRNAs for ovarian cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleb O. Skryabin
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 24 Kashirskoye Highway, Moscow 115522, Russia; (G.O.S.); (A.V.K.); (K.I.Z.); (A.D.E.); (S.A.G.); (A.A.B.); (P.B.K.)
| | - Andrei V. Komelkov
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 24 Kashirskoye Highway, Moscow 115522, Russia; (G.O.S.); (A.V.K.); (K.I.Z.); (A.D.E.); (S.A.G.); (A.A.B.); (P.B.K.)
| | - Kirill I. Zhordania
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 24 Kashirskoye Highway, Moscow 115522, Russia; (G.O.S.); (A.V.K.); (K.I.Z.); (A.D.E.); (S.A.G.); (A.A.B.); (P.B.K.)
| | - Dmitry V. Bagrov
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia; (D.V.B.); (A.V.M.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Adel D. Enikeev
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 24 Kashirskoye Highway, Moscow 115522, Russia; (G.O.S.); (A.V.K.); (K.I.Z.); (A.D.E.); (S.A.G.); (A.A.B.); (P.B.K.)
| | - Sergey A. Galetsky
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 24 Kashirskoye Highway, Moscow 115522, Russia; (G.O.S.); (A.V.K.); (K.I.Z.); (A.D.E.); (S.A.G.); (A.A.B.); (P.B.K.)
| | - Anastasiia A. Beliaeva
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 24 Kashirskoye Highway, Moscow 115522, Russia; (G.O.S.); (A.V.K.); (K.I.Z.); (A.D.E.); (S.A.G.); (A.A.B.); (P.B.K.)
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia; (D.V.B.); (A.V.M.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Pavel B. Kopnin
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 24 Kashirskoye Highway, Moscow 115522, Russia; (G.O.S.); (A.V.K.); (K.I.Z.); (A.D.E.); (S.A.G.); (A.A.B.); (P.B.K.)
| | - Andey V. Moiseenko
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia; (D.V.B.); (A.V.M.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Alexey M. Senkovenko
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia; (D.V.B.); (A.V.M.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Elena M. Tchevkina
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 24 Kashirskoye Highway, Moscow 115522, Russia; (G.O.S.); (A.V.K.); (K.I.Z.); (A.D.E.); (S.A.G.); (A.A.B.); (P.B.K.)
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Wang F, Zhou C, Zhu Y, Keshavarzi M. The microRNA Let-7 and its exosomal form: Epigenetic regulators of gynecological cancers. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:42. [PMID: 38836981 PMCID: PMC11153289 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09884-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Many types of gynecological cancer (GC) are often silent until they reach an advanced stage, and are therefore often diagnosed too late for effective treatment. Hence, there is a real need for more efficient diagnosis and treatment for patients with GC. During recent years, researchers have increasingly studied the impact of microRNAs cancer development, leading to a number of applications in detection and treatment. MicroRNAs are a particular group of tiny RNA molecules that regulate regular gene expression by affecting the translation process. The downregulation of numerous miRNAs has been observed in human malignancies. Let-7 is an example of a miRNA that controls cellular processes as well as signaling cascades to affect post-transcriptional gene expression. Recent research supports the hypothesis that enhancing let-7 expression in those cancers where it is downregulated may be a potential treatment option. Exosomes are tiny vesicles that move through body fluids and can include components like miRNAs (including let-7) that are important for communication between cells. Studies proved that exosomes are able to enhance tumor growth, angiogenesis, chemoresistance, metastasis, and immune evasion, thus suggesting their importance in GC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Haiyan People's Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chundi Zhou
- Haiyan People's Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanping Zhu
- Haiyan People's Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314300, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Maryam Keshavarzi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Wang L, Wang X, Zhu X, Zhong L, Jiang Q, Wang Y, Tang Q, Li Q, Zhang C, Wang H, Zou D. Drug resistance in ovarian cancer: from mechanism to clinical trial. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:66. [PMID: 38539161 PMCID: PMC10976737 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-01967-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of gynecological cancer-related death. Drug resistance is the bottleneck in ovarian cancer treatment. The increasing use of novel drugs in clinical practice poses challenges for the treatment of drug-resistant ovarian cancer. Continuing to classify drug resistance according to drug type without understanding the underlying mechanisms is unsuitable for current clinical practice. We reviewed the literature regarding various drug resistance mechanisms in ovarian cancer and found that the main resistance mechanisms are as follows: abnormalities in transmembrane transport, alterations in DNA damage repair, dysregulation of cancer-associated signaling pathways, and epigenetic modifications. DNA methylation, histone modifications and noncoding RNA activity, three key classes of epigenetic modifications, constitute pivotal mechanisms of drug resistance. One drug can have multiple resistance mechanisms. Moreover, common chemotherapies and targeted drugs may have cross (overlapping) resistance mechanisms. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can interfere with and thus regulate the abovementioned pathways. A subclass of miRNAs, "epi-miRNAs", can modulate epigenetic regulators to impact therapeutic responses. Thus, we also reviewed the regulatory influence of miRNAs on resistance mechanisms. Moreover, we summarized recent phase I/II clinical trials of novel drugs for ovarian cancer based on the abovementioned resistance mechanisms. A multitude of new therapies are under evaluation, and the preliminary results are encouraging. This review provides new insight into the classification of drug resistance mechanisms in ovarian cancer and may facilitate in the successful treatment of resistant ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xueping Zhu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingxiu Jiang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Tang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiaoling Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China.
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
| | - Dongling Zou
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Specialized Medical Research Center of Ovarian Cancer, Chongqing, China.
- Organoid Transformational Research Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
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Lawarde A, Sharif Rahmani E, Nath A, Lavogina D, Jaal J, Salumets A, Modhukur V. ExplORRNet: An interactive web tool to explore stage-wise miRNA expression profiles and their interactions with mRNA and lncRNA in human breast and gynecological cancers. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:125-140. [PMID: 38035042 PMCID: PMC10686811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression that have been implicated in gynecological and breast cancers. Understanding the cancer stage-wise expression patterns of miRNAs and their interactions with other RNA molecules in cancer is crucial to improve cancer diagnosis and treatment planning. Comprehensive web tools that integrate data on the transcriptome, circulating miRNAs, and their validated targets to derive beneficial conclusions in cancer research are lacking. Methods Using the Shiny R package, we developed a web tool called ExplORRNet that integrates transcriptomic profiles from The Cancer Genome Atlas and miRNA expression data derived from various sources, including tissues, cell lines, exosomes, serum, and plasma, available in the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differential expression analyses between normal and tumor tissue samples as well as different stages of cancer, accompanied by gene enrichment and survival analyses, can be performed using specialized R packages. Additionally, a miRNA-messenger RNA (mRNA)-long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) networks are constructed to identify regulatory modules. Results Our tool identifies cancer stage-wise differentially regulated miRNAs, mRNAs, and lncRNAs in gynecological and breast cancers. Survival analysis identifies miRNAs associated with patient survival, and functional enrichment analysis provides insights into dysregulated miRNA-related biological processes and pathways. The miRNA-mRNA-lncRNA networks highlight interconnected regulatory molecular modules driving cancer progression. Case studies demonstrate the utility of the ExplORRNet for studying gynecological and breast cancers. Conclusion ExplORRNet is an intuitive and user-friendly web tool that provides a deeper understanding of dysregulated miRNAs and their functional implications in gynecological and breast cancers. We hope our ExplORRNet tool has potential utility among the clinical and basic researchers and will be beneficial to the entire cancer genomics community to encourage and facilitate mining the rapidly growing public databases to progress the field of precision oncology. The ExplORRNet is available at https://mirna.cs.ut.ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Lawarde
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Adhiraj Nath
- Bioengineering Research Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Darja Lavogina
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jana Jaal
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia
- Haematology and Oncology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andres Salumets
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vijayachitra Modhukur
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Wang X, Woo HH, Wei M, Gibson S, Miranda M, Rush D, Cragun J, Zheng W, Yao G, Chambers SK. Antiandrogen Flutamide-Induced Restoration of miR-449 Expression Mitigates Functional Biomarkers Associated with Ovarian Cancer Risk. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.02.26.24303311. [PMID: 38464045 PMCID: PMC10925355 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.26.24303311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Background The involvement of the androgen and androgen receptor (AR) pathway in the development of epithelial ovarian cancer is increasingly recognized. However, the specific mechanisms by which anti-androgen agents, such as flutamide, may prevent ovarian cancer and their efficacy remain unknown. We examined the effects of flutamide on the miRNA expression profile found in women at high risk (HR) for ovarian cancer. Methods Ovarian and tubal tissues, free from ovarian, tubal, peritoneal cancers, and serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC), were collected from untreated and flutamide-treated HR women. Low-risk (LR) women served as controls. Transcriptomic miRNA sequencing was performed on these 3 sample cohorts. The miRNAs that showed the most notable differential expression were subjected to functional assays in primary ovarian epithelial cells and ovarian cancer cells. Results Flutamide treatment demonstrated a normalization effect on diminished miRNA levels in HR tissues compared to LR tissues. Particularly, the miR-449 family was significantly upregulated in HR ovarian tissues following flutamide treatment, reaching levels comparable to those in LR tissues. MiR-449a and miR-449b-5p, members of the miR-449 family, were computationally predicted to target the mRNAs of AR and colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R, also known as c-fms), both of which are known contributors to ovarian cancer progression, with emerging evidence also supporting their roles in ovarian cancer initiation. These findings were experimentally validated in primary ovarian epithelial cells and ovarian cancer cell lines (SKOV3 and Hey): flutamide treatment resulted in elevated levels of miR-449a and miR-449b-5p, and introducing mimics of these miRNAs reduced the mRNA and protein levels of CSF1R and AR. Furthermore, introducing miR-449a and miR-449b-5p mimics showed inhibitory effects on the migration and proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. Conclusion Flutamide treatment restored the reduced expression of miR-449a and miR-449b-5p in HR tissues, thereby decreasing the expression of CSF1R and AR, functional biomarkers associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer. In addition to the known direct binding of flutamide to the AR, we found that flutamide also suppresses AR expression via miR-449a and miR-449b-5p upregulation, revealing a novel dual-inhibitory mechanism on the AR pathway. Taken together, our study highlights mechanisms supporting the chemopreventive potential of flutamide in ovarian cancer, particularly in HR patients with reduced miR-449 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Ho-Hyung Woo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ
| | - Michele Wei
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Steven Gibson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ
| | - Mitzi Miranda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ
| | - Demaretta Rush
- Department of Pathology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Janiel Cragun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ
| | - Wenxin Zheng
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Guang Yao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ
| | - Setsuko K Chambers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ
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Asl ER, Sarabandi S, Shademan B, Dalvandi K, sheikhansari G, Nourazarian A. MicroRNA targeting: A novel therapeutic intervention for ovarian cancer. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 35:101519. [PMID: 37521375 PMCID: PMC10382632 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer, a perilous form of cancer affecting the female reproductive system, exhibits intricate communication networks that contribute to its progression. This study aims to identify crucial molecular abnormalities linked to the disease to enhance diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. In particular, we investigate the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) as diagnostic biomarkers and explore their potential in treating ovarian cancer. By targeting miRNAs, which can influence multiple pathways and genes, substantial therapeutic benefits can be attained. In this review we want to shed light on the promising application of miRNA-based interventions and provide insights into the specific miRNAs implicated in ovarian cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmira Roshani Asl
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Sajed Sarabandi
- Department of Veterinary, Faculty of Medicine Sciences, Islamic Azad University of Karaj, Karaj, Iran
| | - Behrouz Shademan
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kourosh Dalvandi
- Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Health Department, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Nourazarian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
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Ali FT, Soliman RM, Hassan NS, Ibrahim AM, El-Gizawy MM, Mandoh AAY, Ibrahim EA. Sensitivity and specificity of microRNA-204, CA125, and CA19.9 as biomarkers for diagnosis of ovarian cancer. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272308. [PMID: 35921382 PMCID: PMC9348731 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is usually detected at later stages and no effective screening approach, has been identified. Therefore, sensitive and specific biomarkers for detecting ovarian cancer are urgently needed. Objective This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of six biomarkers for the early clinical diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Subjects & methods The study included 120 patients (benign ovarian tumors and early and late ovarian carcinoma) and 30 control healthy volunteers. MiRNA-204, CA125, CA19.9, hepcidin, microfibril-associated glycoprotein 2, and ferroportin levels were determined in all patients and control volunteers. Results The combined area under the receiver operating characteristic curves for miRNA-204, CA125, and CA19.9 were 0.938, 1.000, and 0.998 for benign tumors and early and late ovarian carcinomas, respectively. The sensitivities of miRNA-204, CA125, and CA19.9 were 98.04%, 100.00%, and 96.19% and the specificities were 58.33%, 62.50%, and 57.78%, respectively. Conclusion The positive predictivity of miRNA-204, CA125, and CA19.9 for ovarian cancer is high (59.57%, 58.24%, and 61.67%, respectively). Thus, the combination of these three biomarkers is a good diagnostic tool for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahmy T. Ali
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reham M. Soliman
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nahla S. Hassan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- * E-mail:
| | - Ahmed M. Ibrahim
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mayada M. El-Gizawy
- Medical Physiology Department, Medical Division, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abd Allah Y. Mandoh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cytogenics, Armed Forces Central Laboratory and Blood Bank, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ehab A. Ibrahim
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Li W, Lin J, Huang J, Chen Z, Sheng Q, Yang F, Yang X, Cui X. MicroRNA-409-5p inhibits cell proliferation, and induces G 2/M phase arrest and apoptosis by targeting DLGAP5 in ovarian cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:261. [PMID: 35765271 PMCID: PMC9219020 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA/miR)-409-5p has been reported to be implicated in prostate and breast cancers; however, its functional role in ovarian cancer (OC) remains unclear. Therefore the aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical significance and biological function of miR-409-5p in OC. Here, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis was performed to detect miR-409-5p expression in OC tissues and cell lines. The association between miR-409-5p expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with OC was assessed using the Fisher's exact test. Furthermore, the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was performed to assess cell proliferation. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were evaluated via flow cytometric analysis, and the target gene of miR-409-5p was validated via the dual-luciferase reporter assay. The results demonstrated that miR-409-5p expression was significantly downregulated in OC tissues and cell lines compared with adjacent normal tissues and epithelial cells, respectively. In addition, low miR-409-5p expression was significantly associated with tumor size (P=0.044) and the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging system (P=0.005). Notably, overexpression of miR-409-5p suppressed cell proliferation, and induced G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis of OC cells. Mechanistically, discs large-associated protein 5 (DLGAP5) was identified as a novel target of miR-409-5p, which was negatively regulated by miR-409-5p. DLGAP5 expression was significantly upregulated in OC tissues and cell lines compared with adjacent normal tissues and epithelial cells, respectively. Furthermore, overexpression of DLGAP5 reversed the effects of miR-409-5p on SKOV-3 cell proliferation, and G2/M phase and apoptosis. Taken together, these results suggest that miR-409-5p acts as a tumor suppressor in OC by modulating DLGAP5 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Li
- Department of Gynecology, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuan, Fujian 355000, P.R. China
| | - Ji Lin
- Department of Gynecology, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuan, Fujian 355000, P.R. China
| | - Jianfen Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuan, Fujian 355000, P.R. China
| | - Zhuoying Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuan, Fujian 355000, P.R. China
| | - Qunying Sheng
- Department of Gynecology, Xiamen Fifth Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian 361101, P.R. China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Xiamen Fifth Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian 361101, P.R. China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojie Cui
- Department of Gynecology, Xiamen Fifth Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian 361101, P.R. China
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9
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Kandettu A, Adiga D, Devi V, Suresh PS, Chakrabarty S, Radhakrishnan R, Kabekkodu SP. Deregulated miRNA clusters in ovarian cancer: Imperative implications in personalized medicine. Genes Dis 2022; 9:1443-1465. [PMID: 36157483 PMCID: PMC9485269 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common and fatal types of gynecological cancer. OC is usually detected at the advanced stages of the disease, making it highly lethal. miRNAs are single-stranded, small non-coding RNAs with an approximate size ranging around 22 nt. Interestingly, a considerable proportion of miRNAs are organized in clusters with miRNA genes placed adjacent to one another, getting transcribed together to result in miRNA clusters (MCs). MCs comprise two or more miRNAs that follow the same orientation during transcription. Abnormal expression of the miRNA cluster has been identified as one of the key drivers in OC. MC exists both as tumor-suppressive and oncogenic clusters and has a significant role in OC pathogenesis by facilitating cancer cells to acquire various hallmarks. The present review summarizes the regulation and biological function of MCs in OC. The review also highlights the utility of abnormally expressed MCs in the clinical management of OC.
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10
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Mirahmadi Y, Nabavi R, Taheri F, Samadian MM, Ghale-Noie ZN, Farjami M, Samadi-khouzani A, Yousefi M, Azhdari S, Salmaninejad A, Sahebkar A. MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapeutic Targeting of Ovarian Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:3408937. [PMID: 34721577 PMCID: PMC8553480 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3408937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the major cause of gynecologic cancer-related mortality. Regardless of outstanding advances, which have been made for improving the prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of ovarian cancer, the majority of the patients will die of the disease. Late-stage diagnosis and the occurrence of recurrent cancer after treatment are the most important causes of the high mortality rate observed in ovarian cancer patients. Unraveling the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer may help find new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression, mostly at the posttranscriptional stage, through binding to mRNA targets and inducing translational repression or degradation of target via the RNA-induced silencing complex. Over the last two decades, the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of various human cancers, including ovarian cancer, has been documented in multiple studies. Consequently, these small RNAs could be considered as reliable markers for prognosis and early diagnosis. Furthermore, given the function of miRNAs in various cellular pathways, including cell survival and differentiation, targeting miRNAs could be an interesting approach for the treatment of human cancers. Here, we review our current understanding of the most updated role of the important dysregulation of miRNAs and their roles in the progression and metastasis of ovarian cancer. Furthermore, we meticulously discuss the significance of miRNAs as prognostic and diagnostic markers. Lastly, we mention the opportunities and the efforts made for targeting ovarian cancer through inhibition and/or stimulation of the miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yegane Mirahmadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Medical Genetics Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Fourough Taheri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Samadian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zari Naderi Ghale-Noie
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Medical Genetics Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahsa Farjami
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Medical Genetics Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbas Samadi-khouzani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Meysam Yousefi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sara Azhdari
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Arash Salmaninejad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Medical Genetics Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Guilan, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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11
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Oncogenic Role of miR-200c-3p in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Progression via Targeting the 3'-Untranslated Region of DLC1. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115741. [PMID: 34071861 PMCID: PMC8198916 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) is the most common ovarian cancer with highly metastatic properties. A small non-coding RNA, microRNA (miRNA) was discovered to be a major regulator in many types of cancers through binding at the 3′-untranslated region (3′UTR), leading to degradation of the mRNA. In this study, we sought to investigate the underlying mechanisms involved in the dysregulation of miR-200c-3p in HGSC progression and metastasis. We identified the upregulation of miR-200c-3p expression in different stages of HGSC clinical samples and the downregulation of the tumor suppressor gene, Deleted in Liver Cancer 1 (DLC1), expression. Over expression of miR-200c-3p in HGSC cell lines downregulated DLC1 but upregulated the epithelial marker, E-cadherin (CDH1). Based on in silico analysis, two putative binding sites were found within the 3′UTR of DLC1, and we confirmed the direct binding of miR-200c-3p to the target binding motif at position 1488–1495 bp of 3′UTR of DLC1 by luciferase reporter assay in a SKOV3 cell line co-transfected with vectors and miR-200c-3p mimic. These data showed that miR-200c-3p regulated the progression of HGSC by regulating DLC1 expression post-transcription and can be considered as a promising target for therapeutic purposes.
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12
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Zou X, Zhao Y, Liang X, Wang H, Zhu Y, Shao Q. Double Insurance for OC: miRNA-Mediated Platinum Resistance and Immune Escape. Front Immunol 2021; 12:641937. [PMID: 33868274 PMCID: PMC8047328 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.641937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is still the leading cause of death among all gynecological malignancies, despite the recent progress in cancer therapy. Immune escape and drug resistance, especially platinum-based chemotherapy, are significant factors causing disease progression, recurrence and poor prognosis in OC patients. MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs, regulating gene expression at the transcriptional level. Accumulating evidence have indicated their crucial roles in platinum resistance. Importantly, they also act as mediators of tumor immune escape/evasion. In this review, we summarize the recent study of miRNAs involved in platinum resistance of OC and systematically analyses miRNAs involved in the regulation of OC immune escape. Further understanding of miRNAs roles and their possible mechanisms in platinum resistance and tumor escape may open new avenues for improving OC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Zou
- Reproductive Sciences Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yangjing Zhao
- Reproductive Sciences Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiuting Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Reproductive Sciences Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yanling Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qixiang Shao
- Reproductive Sciences Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Jiangsu College of Nursing, School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Huai'an, China
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13
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Dwivedi SKD, Rao G, Dey A, Mukherjee P, Wren JD, Bhattacharya R. Small Non-Coding-RNA in Gynecological Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1085. [PMID: 33802524 PMCID: PMC7961667 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynecologic malignancies, which include cancers of the cervix, ovary, uterus, vulva, vagina, and fallopian tube, are among the leading causes of female mortality worldwide, with the most prevalent being endometrial, ovarian, and cervical cancer. Gynecologic malignancies are complex, heterogeneous diseases, and despite extensive research efforts, the molecular mechanisms underlying their development and pathology remain largely unclear. Currently, mechanistic and therapeutic research in cancer is largely focused on protein targets that are encoded by about 1% of the human genome. Our current understanding of 99% of the genome, which includes noncoding RNA, is limited. The discovery of tens of thousands of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), possessing either structural or regulatory functions, has fundamentally altered our understanding of genetics, physiology, pathophysiology, and disease treatment as they relate to gynecologic malignancies. In recent years, it has become clear that ncRNAs are relatively stable, and can serve as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, as well as guide therapy choices. Here we discuss the role of small non-coding RNAs, i.e., microRNAs (miRs), P-Element induced wimpy testis interacting (PIWI) RNAs (piRNAs), and tRNA-derived small RNAs in gynecological malignancies, specifically focusing on ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra Kumar Dhar Dwivedi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (S.K.D.D.); (A.D.)
| | - Geeta Rao
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (G.R.); (P.M.)
| | - Anindya Dey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (S.K.D.D.); (A.D.)
| | - Priyabrata Mukherjee
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (G.R.); (P.M.)
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Jonathan D. Wren
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
- Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Resham Bhattacharya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (S.K.D.D.); (A.D.)
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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14
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Zhao Y, Liu S, Wen Y, Zhong L. Effect of MicroRNA-210 on the Growth of Ovarian Cancer Cells and the Efficacy of Radiotherapy. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2020; 86:71-80. [PMID: 33260174 DOI: 10.1159/000511771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to explore the role of miR-210 in the growth of ovarian cancer cells and the correlation with radiotherapy and to elucidate underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS Human ovarian cancer cell lines OVCAR3 and SKOV3 were cultured in vitro, and miR-210 over-expression and low-expression ovarian cancer cell models were established by cell transfection. MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation activity. Transwell was used to detect the migration and invasion abilities. Western blot measured the expression of proteins related to cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The cells were treated with different doses of ionizing radiation, and then the cell proliferation activity was detected by MTT. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins was detected by Western blot. The Caspase-Glo® Kit was used to detect the activity of cellular caspase 3/7 enzymes. RESULTS The proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of miR-210 over-expression ovarian cancer cells were increased (p < 0.05), the expressions of PTEN and E-cadherin were decreased, and the expression of p-Protein kinase B (AKT), N-cadherin, Snail, and Vimentin were elevated. After ionizing radiation, the sensitivity of miR-210 over-expression cells to radiotherapy was decreased, the expression of apoptosis-related protein Bax was decreased, the expression of Bcl-2 was increased, and the activity of cellular caspase 3/7 enzyme was reduced (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION miR-210 can promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cells by activating the AKT signaling pathway and regulating the expression of Epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related proteins. miR-210 can reduce the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to radiotherapy by inhibiting apoptosis, which might serve as a potential target for the treatment of ovarian tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinlong Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shirui Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Wen
- Purchasing Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun Jilin, China
| | - Lili Zhong
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China,
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15
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Du Z, Wang L, Xia Y. Circ_0015756 promotes the progression of ovarian cancer by regulating miR-942-5p/CUL4B pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:572. [PMID: 33292255 PMCID: PMC7694308 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01666-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer (OC) is the gynecologic cancer with the highest mortality. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a vital role in the development and progression of cancer. This study aimed to explore the potential role of circ_0015756 in OC and its molecular mechanism. METHODS The levels of circ_0015756, microRNA-942-5p (miR-942-5p) and Cullin 4B (CUL4B) were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) or Western blot assay. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation assay, flow cytometry and transwell assay. The levels of proliferation-related and metastasis-related proteins were measured by Western blot assay. The relationship between miR-942-5p and circ_0015756 or CUL4B was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation assay and RNA pull-down assay. Xenograft assay was used to analyze tumor growth in vivo. RESULTS Circ_0015756 and CUL4B levels were increased, while miR-942-5p level was decreased in OC tissues and cells. Depletion of circ_0015756 suppressed proliferation, migration and invasion and promoted apoptosis in OC cells. Down-regulation of circ_0015756 hindered OC cell progression via modulating miR-942-5p. Also, up-regulation of miR-942-5p impeded OC cell development by targeting CUL4B. Mechanistically, circ_0015756 up-regulated CUL4B via sponging miR-942-5p. Moreover, circ_0015756 silencing inhibited tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSION Knockdown of circ_0015756 suppressed OC progression via regulating miR-942-5p/CUL4B axis, suggesting that circ_0015756 might be a potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, NO. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110021, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, NO. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110021, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, NO. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110021, Liaoning Province, China
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16
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Kumar V, Gupta S, Varma K, Sachan M. MicroRNA as Biomarker in Ovarian Cancer Management: Advantages and Challenges. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:2103-2124. [PMID: 33156705 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.6024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most prevalent gynecological malignancy affecting women throughout the globe. Ovarian cancer has several subtypes, including epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) with a whopping incidence rate of 239,000 per year, making it the sixth most common gynecological malignancy worldwide. Despite advancement of detection and therapeutics, death rate accounts for 152,000 per annum. Several protein-based biomarkers such as CA125 and HE4 are currently being used for diagnosis, but their sensitivity and specificity for early detection of ovarian cancer are under question. MicroRNA (a small noncoding RNA molecule that participates in post-transcription regulation of gene expression) and its functional deregulation in most cancers have been discovered in the previous two decades. Studies support that miRNA deregulation has an epigenetic component as well. Aberrant miRNA expression is often correlated with the form of EOC tumor, histological grade, prognosis, and FIGO stage. In this review, we addressed epigenetic regulation of miRNAs, the latest research on miRs as a biomarker in the detection of EOC, and tailored assays to use miRNAs as a biomarker in ovarian cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, India
| | - Sameer Gupta
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Kachnar Varma
- Department of Pathology, Motilal Nehru Medical College, Allahabad, India
| | - Manisha Sachan
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, India
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17
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NGF/TRKA Decrease miR-145-5p Levels in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207657. [PMID: 33081171 PMCID: PMC7589588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and its high-affinity receptor tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TRKA) increase their expression during the progression of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), promoting cell proliferation and angiogenesis through several oncogenic proteins, such as c-MYC and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The expression of these proteins is controlled by microRNAs (miRs), such as miR-145, whose dysregulation has been related to cancer. The aims of this work were to evaluate in EOC cells whether NGF/TRKA decreases miR-145 levels, and the effect of miR-145 upregulation. The levels of miR-145-5p were assessed by qPCR in ovarian biopsies and ovarian cell lines (human ovarian surface epithelial cells (HOSE), A2780 and SKOV3) stimulated with NGF. Overexpression of miR-145 in ovarian cells was used to evaluate cell proliferation, migration, invasion, c-MYC and VEGF protein levels, as well as tumor formation and metastasis in vivo. In EOC samples, miR-145-5p levels were lower than in epithelial ovarian tumors. Overexpression of miR-145 decreased cell proliferation, migration and invasion of EOC cells, changes that were concomitant with the decrease in c-MYC and VEGF protein levels. We observed decreased tumor formation and suppressed metastasis behavior in mice injected with EOC cells that overexpressed miR-145. As expected, ovarian cell lines stimulated with NGF diminished miR-145-5p transcription and abundance. These results suggest that the tumoral effects of NGF/TRKA depend on the regulation of miR-145-5p levels in EOC cells, and that its upregulation could be used as a possible therapeutic strategy for EOC.
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18
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Ren F, Shrestha C, Shi H, Sun F, Zhang M, Cao Y, Li G. Targeting of KDM5A by miR-421 in Human Ovarian Cancer Suppresses the Progression of Ovarian Cancer Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:9419-9428. [PMID: 33061428 PMCID: PMC7520141 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s266211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The retinoblastoma binding protein RBP2 (KDM5A) is a histone demethylase that promotes cell growth in many human cancers. A series of functional experiments were conducted to explore the role of miR-421/KDM5A in ovarian cancer cells and their underlying molecular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Public microarray databases were analyzed to assess KDM5A and miR-421 expression in ovarian cancer. KDM5A was predicted to be a target of miR-421 using software analysis. The expression of the miR-421/KDM5A regulatory axis in ovarian cancer and the mechanisms of its effects on proliferation, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cell lines were investigated. RESULTS Compared with normal ovarian tissues, the expression of KDM5A mRNA and protein was elevated (P<0.05), and miR-421 expression was reduced in ovarian cancer tissue (P<0.05). miR-421 was found to bind specifically to the KDM5A gene. Silencing KDM5A or overexpressing miR-421 significantly inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of OVCAR-8 and SKOV-3 cells. Similarly, compared with nude mice injected with cells transfected with empty capsids, the in vivo proliferation rate of OVCAR-8 cells after miR-421 overexpression was reduced significantly. CONCLUSION The miR-421/KDM5A regulatory axis plays an important role in the development and progression of ovarian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ren
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Christina Shrestha
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huirong Shi
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Sun
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minghui Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Cao
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gailing Li
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
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19
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Circulating Cell-Free Nucleic Acids: Main Characteristics and Clinical Application. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186827. [PMID: 32957662 PMCID: PMC7555669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy recently became a very promising diagnostic method that has several advantages over conventional invasive methods. Liquid biopsy may serve as a source of several important biomarkers including cell-free nucleic acids (cf-NAs). Cf-DNA is widely used in prenatal testing in order to characterize fetal genetic disorders. Analysis of cf-DNA may provide information about the mutation profile of tumor cells, while cell-free non-coding RNAs are promising biomarker candidates in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. Many of these markers have the potential to help clinicians in therapy selection and in the follow-up of patients. Thus, cf-NA-based diagnostics represent a new path in personalized medicine. Although several reviews are available in the field, most of them focus on a limited number of cf-NA types. In this review, we give an overview about all known cf-NAs including cf-DNA, cf-mtDNA and cell-free non-coding RNA (miRNA, lncRNA, circRNA, piRNA, YRNA, and vtRNA) by discussing their biogenesis, biological function and potential as biomarker candidates in liquid biopsy. We also outline possible future directions in the field.
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20
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Lu S, Liu W, Shi H, Zhou H. Exosomal miR-34b inhibits proliferation and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition by targeting Notch2 in ovarian cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:2721-2728. [PMID: 32782588 PMCID: PMC7400462 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomal microRNA (miR) can affect signaling pathways in various physiological and pathological conditions, including ovarian cancer (OC). miR-34b, the first microRNA targeted in a human clinical trial for cancer treatment, exhibited decreased expression in several cancer types. However, the biological function of exosomal miR-34b in OC has not been elucidated. In the present study, using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, it was reported that exosomal miR-34b is downregulated in OC cells. Exosomal miR-34b reduced cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the OC cell line SKOV3. In addition, it was confirmed that Notch2, which is upregulated in SKOV3 cells, is a target of miR-34b. Moreover, exosomal miR-34b and Notch2 levels were found to be negatively correlated. The present data highlights the importance of exosomal miR-34b-mediated inhibition of cell proliferation and EMT, suggesting that exosomal miR-34b has value as a diagnostic biomarker and a potential molecular target for the treatment of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglian Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Wuxia Liu
- Department of Special Clinic, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Hong Shi
- Department of Ultrasound, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Han Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
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21
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Savolainen K, Scaravilli M, Ilvesmäki A, Staff S, Tolonen T, Mäenpää JU, Visakorpi T, Auranen A. Expression of the miR-200 family in tumor tissue, plasma and urine of epithelial ovarian cancer patients in comparison to benign counterparts. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:311. [PMID: 32611374 PMCID: PMC7329467 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05155-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Plasma, but also urine sample could represent a simple liquid biopsy for ovarian cancer biomarker detection. The miRNA-200 family has been shown to be dysregulated in ovarian cancer. The aim of this study was to isolate three members of miR-200 family from tumor tissue, plasma and urine of high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients in comparison with samples from patients with benign ovarian tumors. This is a methodological pilot study of a prospective ovarian cancer patient cohort investigating the potential of liquid biopsies and the role of miRNAs in ovarian cancer treatment. Results MiR-200a, miR-200b and miR-200c were isolated from samples of nine ovarian cancer patients and seven patients with benign ovarian tumor. The most significant finding is that all three miRNAs were detectable in all sample types. Tumor tissue and plasma, but not urine analysis was able to discriminate malignant and benign samples. A correlation between the miRNA-200 expression in urine and plasma was observed in malignant samples only. Plasma and urine with respect to miRNA detection show potential according to this study, but larger studies are needed to clarify the usefulness of these liquid biopsies in ovarian cancer. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02758652, May 2, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalle Savolainen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital, P.O.box 2000, 33521, Tampere, Finland. .,Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital and Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Mauro Scaravilli
- Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital and Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Antti Ilvesmäki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital, P.O.box 2000, 33521, Tampere, Finland
| | - Synnöve Staff
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital, P.O.box 2000, 33521, Tampere, Finland.,Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital and Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Teemu Tolonen
- Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital and Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Johanna U Mäenpää
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital, P.O.box 2000, 33521, Tampere, Finland.,Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital and Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tapio Visakorpi
- Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital and Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Annika Auranen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital, P.O.box 2000, 33521, Tampere, Finland.,Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital and Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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22
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Li X, Yu S, Yang R, Wang Q, Liu X, Ma M, Li Y, Wu S. Identification of lncRNA-associated ceRNA network in high-grade serous ovarian cancer metastasis. Epigenomics 2020; 12:1175-1191. [PMID: 32462930 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To uncover a novel lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network associated with high-grade serous ovarian cancer metastasis. Material & methods: The candidate differentially expressed lncRNAs were obtained from RNA-sequencing data and determined by functional experiments. The downstream miRNAs and mRNAs were identified by bioinformatic prediction and subjected to functional enrichment analysis. Results: The expression levels of lncRNA ENTPD1-AS1/PRANCR/NR2F2-AS1 were reduced in omental metastatic tissues. Similar differential expression patterns of these lncRNAs were also found in lnCAR database and we verified their tumor suppressive roles by performing functional experiments. Furthermore, we predicted miRNAs and mRNAs via bioinformatic tools and validated their alteration in expression levels in presence of lncRNA interference. Conclusion: We proposed a potential ceRNA regulatory mechanism in high-grade serous ovarian cancer omental metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sihui Yu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Trauma Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangnan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingjun Ma
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanli Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sufang Wu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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23
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Cheng H, Wang N, Tian J, Li Y, Ren L, Shi Z. Circular RNA Circ_0025033 Promotes the Evolvement of Ovarian Cancer Through the Regulation of miR-330-5p/KLK4 Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:2753-2765. [PMID: 32425594 PMCID: PMC7186775 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s241372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are significant molecular targets in various types of human cancers. The functional mechanism of circRNA_0025033 (circ_0025033) in ovarian cancer (OC) was discussed in the current report. Methods The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used for determining the circ_0025033 and microRNA-330-5p (miR-330-5p) levels. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and transwell assays were separately exploited to analyze cell viability and migration/invasion. Cell apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry. The protein levels of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related makers and kallikrein-related peptidase 4 (KLK4) were measured by Western blotting. The target combination was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA pull-down assays. And the effect of circ_0025033 on OC in vivo was explored via xenograft tumor assay. Results Circ_0025033 was overexpressed in OC tissues and cells. Circ_0025033 knockdown inhibited OC cell viability, migration, invasion and EMT while expedited apoptosis. MiR-330-5p was a target of circ_0025033 and circ_0025033 regulated OC cellular behaviors by sequestering miR-330-5p. Moreover, miR-330-5p targeted KLK4 and circ_0025033 affected the KLK4 expression by sponging miR-330-5p. And miR-330-5p functioned as a tumor inhibitor in OC via targeting KLK4. In vivo, circ_0025033 promoted OC growth by the miR-330-5p/KLK4 axis. Conclusion This study demonstrated that circ_0025033 contributed to the progression of OC via the miR-330-5p/KLK4 axis and might be a candidate target in the identification and treatment of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailing Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyun Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Ren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Shi
- Henan Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, People's Republic of China
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24
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Qiao HF, Liu YL, You J, Zheng YL, Chen LP, Lu XY, Du L, Shan F, Liu MH. G-5555 synergized miR-485-5p to alleviate cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells via Pi3k/Akt signaling pathway. J Reprod Immunol 2020; 140:103129. [PMID: 32334286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2020.103129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study was meant for the discovery of the underlying functions of miR-485-5p in ovarian cancer concerning cisplatin resistance in vitro. RT-qPCR assessed the miR-485-5p expression in ovarian cancer cell lines, normal cells and cisplatin-resistant Cell line OVCA433-CR. After OVCA433-CR treated with 0,3,5umol/L cisplatin, miR-485-5p expressions were determined. MTT observed the cell cytotoxicity in OVCA433-CR after regulation of miR-485-5p. Targets can predicted the putative binding between miR-485-5p and PAK1 and Luciferase Assay verified this. RT-qPCR decided the inhibitory effect in between. MTT tested the cytotoxicity in different combinations of miR-485-5p and PAK1. Western Blot tested the phosphorylation of Pi3k and Akt in response to miR-485-5p and PAK1 interplay. We evaluated the role of Pi3k/Akt signaling in regulation of miR-485-5p and cisplatin resistance with Wortmannin. miR-485-5p was lower expressed in ovarian cancer cells than normal ones and even lower in OVCA433-CR than OVCA433. As the cisplatin concerntration increased, miR-485-5p decreased. miR-485-5p mimics induced lower cisplatin resistance while miR-485-5p inhibitor caused higher resistance. PAK1 targeted miR-485-5p and inhibited miR-485-5p. PAK1 inhibitor helped to lower the resistance to cisplatin caused by miR-485-5p upregulation. miR-485-5p mimics silenced Pi3k/Akt signaling and PAK1 inhibitor aggravated the silencing. Inhibition of Pi3k/Akt signaling increased miR-485-5p, thereby decreasing the cisplatin-resistance in OVCA433-CR. miR-485-5p decreased cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells via Pi3k/Akt signaling, suggesting that miR-485-5p upregulation might alleviate the cisplatin resistance in ovarian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Feng Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Ying-Lei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Jun You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Yan-Li Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Li-Ping Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Lei Du
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China.
| | - Feng Shan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Man-Hua Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China.
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25
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Li Y, Zhou J, Wang J, Chen X, Zhu Y, Chen Y. Mir-30b-3p affects the migration and invasion function of ovarian cancer cells by targeting the CTHRC1 gene. Biol Res 2020; 53:10. [PMID: 32156314 PMCID: PMC7063805 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-020-00277-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the effect role and mechanism of miR-30b-3p on ovarian cancer cells biological function. METHODS The expression of miR-30b-3p was detected in ovarian cancer cell lines and normal ovarian epithelial cell line by qRT-PCR. Mir-30b-3p mimic was transfected into OVCAR3 cells. Cell-counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was conducted to explore the effect of mir-30b-3p on the OVCAR3 cells' proliferation. Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by Flow cytometry. Cell invasion ability was detected by Transwell test. The regulation of putative target of miR-30b-3p was verified by double luciferase reporter assays and Western blot. RESULT We found that miR-30b-3p was downregulated in OVCAR3 cells. Overexpression of miR-30b-3p suppressed proliferation, promoted apoptosis, slowed cell cycle and inhibited migration and invasion of OVCAR3 cells. Bioinformatics analysis identified 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of Collagen triple helix repeat-containing 1 (CTHRC1) as the presumed binding site for miR-30b-3p. Detection of double luciferase reporter and Western-Blot result confirmed that CTHRC1 was the target gene of miR-30b-3p. Furthermore, E-cadherin, β-cadherin and Vimentin protein expression level were changed after transfection of miR-30b-3p. CONCLUSION miR-30b-3p function as an anti-cancer gene. Overexpression of miR-30b-3p can inhibit the biological function of ovarian cancer cells. MiR-30b-3p targets CTHRC1 gene plays an important role in epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT), and supports miR-30b-3p as a potential biological indicator for ovarian cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Youguo Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Ahmed AA, Adam Essa ME. Epigenetic alterations in female urogenital organs cancer: Premise, properties, and perspectives. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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27
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miR-6089/MYH9/β-catenin/c-Jun negative feedback loop inhibits ovarian cancer carcinogenesis and progression. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:109865. [PMID: 32058212 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of ovarian cancer remains to be elucidated. Our previous study demonstrated that myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) overexpression was associated with poor prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer. However, the mechanism of MYH9 and its regulation by microRNA (miR) is not clear. The results of the present study demonstrated that miR-6089 was one of the microRNAs targeting MYH9, and miR-6089 overexpression suppressed ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistic studies confirmed that miR-6089 directly targeted MYH9 to inactivate the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway and its downstream epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell-cycle factors and c-Jun, whereas overexpression of MYH9 reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-6089 overexpression in ovarian cancer cells by upregulating the Wnt/β-catenin and its downstream EMT, cell-cycle factors and c-Jun. Interestingly, miR-6089 was transcriptionally inhibited by c-Jun, a transcription factor which could be induced by MYH9 via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Thus miR-6089/MYH9/β-catenin/c-Jun formed a negative feedback loop in ovarian cancer. In clinical samples, miR-6089 negatively correlated with MYH9 expression. Our study is the first to demonstrate that miR-6089 serves as a tumor-suppressive miRNA, and miR-6089/MYH9/β-catenin/c-Jun negative feedback loop inhibits ovarian cancer carcinogenesis and progression.
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28
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Zheng L, Jia R, Zhao J. Dexmedetomidine Regulates Proliferation, Apoptosis, Migration, and Invasion in Ovarian Cancer Cells via MiR-155-HIF-1α Axis. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:10164-10172. [PMID: 31887107 PMCID: PMC6951111 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dexmedetomidine (DMED) is widely used as an adjuvant anesthetic, but how DMED regulates biological behavior of OC cells remains an area of active research. This study investigated the mechanism by which DMED regulates the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion abilities of OC cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS We determined the optimal concentration of DMED for use in treating SKOV3 cells. The biological activities of DMED-treated SKOV3 cells following transfection with miR-155 inhibitor or si-HIF-1alpha were measured by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, and Transwell assay. qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to assess the expression levels of apoptotic-related caspase-3 and Mcl-1. Luciferase reporter assay verified the targeting relationship of miR-155 and HIF-1alpha. RESULTS miR-155 was downregulated while HIF-1alpha was upregulated in SKOV3 cells. DMED dose-dependently reduced HIF-1alpha expression in SKOV3 cells, and upregulated the expression of miR-155. DMED inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of OC cells, but also contributed to apoptosis of SKOV3 cells, while transfection of miR-155 inhibitor inhibited the effect of DMED on SKOV3 cells. In contrast, transfection with si-HIF-1alpha enhanced the effects of DMED on SKOV3 cells. HIF-1alpha was found to be a target gene of miR-155. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that DMED blocks cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and accelerates cell apoptosis in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Ruimei Jia
- Department of Pain Clinic, The First Affiliated Hospital Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taixing People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
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29
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Asadi M, Talesh ST, Gjerstorff MF, Shanehbandi D, Baradaran B, Hashemzadeh S, Zafari V. Identification of miRNAs correlating with stage and progression of colorectal cancer. COLORECTAL CANCER 2019. [DOI: 10.2217/crc-2018-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Aim: miRNAs control biological processes that are implicated in carcinogenesis, and have been researched as potential biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of the current study was to evaluate the miRNA expression profile in CRC patients to determine their potential to be used as biomarkers in the disease. Materials & methods: Total 47 tissues and their matched marginal tissues, as control group, were obtained from CRC patients. The transcript levels of a selected panel of 15 cancer-associated miRNAs were quantified via real-time gene expression method. Results: miR-155, miR130a, miR-181b, miR-196a, miR-200c and miR-224 were significantly upregulated, while miR122, miR-132, miR-203b, miR330, miR-323, miR-378a-3p and miR-598 we significantly downregulated in CRC. Conclusion: We identified a panel of miRNAs that may be involved in the etiology and pathogenesis of CRC, and may be used for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Asadi
- Liver & Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shoan Taheri Talesh
- Hematology & Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morten Frier Gjerstorff
- Department of Cancer & Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahriar Hashemzadeh
- Hematology & Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Venus Zafari
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Wang J, Wu A, Yang B, Zhu X, Teng Y, Ai Z. Profiling and bioinformatics analyses reveal differential circular RNA expression in ovarian cancer. Gene 2019; 724:144150. [PMID: 31589961 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the deadliest form of gynecologic malignancy, with the majority of patients being diagnosed only once the disease reaches an advanced stage owing to a lack of available biomarkers capable of accurately detecting the disease. Stable circular RNAs (circRNAs) can be found at high levels in exosomes, and there is evidence to suggest that they may be viable diagnostic biomarkers for certain cancers. However, circRNAs in the serum of OC patients have rarely been evaluated to date. We therefore sought to investigate serum circRNA profiles of OC patients, and to explore whether these sorts of circRNAs could be used to detect early OC, serving as biomarkers of disease that may allow for the earlier treatment thereof. Second-generation sequencing was used to screen differentially expressed circRNAs in OC patient serum and also in the serum obtained from healthy controls, and circRNA expression was confirmed by qPCR. A bioinformatics-based approach was then used to assess what biological functions might be affected be the altered regulation of these RNA molecules. We further conducted GO, KEGG, and network analyses to further explore the expression of circRNAs. We detected 178 differentially expressed circRNAs in OC patient serum, of which 175 were up-regulated and 3 were down-regulated. We validated 5 of these identified circRNAs by qPCR to confirm their expression, and further found these RNAs to be closely linked with FC gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, VEGF signaling, Transcriptional misregulation in cancer, Chemokine signaling, ErbB signaling, and TNF signaling based on conducted analyses. This study provides a profile of circRNAs in OC patient serum, revealing a pattern of dysregulation of these RNAs associated with OC. Our bioinformatics analysis suggested that these circRNAs are likely related to OC development, and as such they may be viable novel OC biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, PR China
| | - Aijia Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, PR China
| | - Bingqing Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, PR China
| | - Xiaolu Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, PR China
| | - Yincheng Teng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, PR China
| | - Zhihong Ai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, PR China.
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31
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Tu J, Cheung HH, Lu G, Chan CLK, Chen Z, Chan WY. microRNA-126 Is a Tumor Suppressor of Granulosa Cell Tumor Mediated by Its Host Gene EGFL7. Front Oncol 2019; 9:486. [PMID: 31245291 PMCID: PMC6579899 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at a post-transcriptional level. We examined the role of miR-126 in granulosa cell tumor (GCT) of the ovaries. In tissues from malignant GCT patients miR-126 expression was repressed. We showed that miR-126 could inhibit proliferation, migration, hormone production and promote apoptosis of cancerous granulosa cells (GCs) in vitro. The role of miR-126 as “tumor suppressor” was confirmed by using a tumor formation model in vivo. By RNA-seq, immunohistochemical staining (IHC), Western blot and luciferase reporter assay, we identified and confirmed EGFL7 as a direct functional target of miR-126 in cancer GCs. Furthermore, we found that the AKT signaling pathway was associated with miR-126 and EGFL7 in cancer GCs. Taken together, our results demonstrate a function of miR-126 in the suppression of GCT development via the regulation of EGFL7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Tu
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hoi-Hung Cheung
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gang Lu
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Zijiang Chen
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Jinan, China.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wai-Yee Chan
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Jinan, China
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32
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Kim S, Choi MC, Jeong JY, Hwang S, Jung SG, Joo WD, Park H, Song SH, Lee C, Kim TH, An HJ. Serum exosomal miRNA-145 and miRNA-200c as promising biomarkers for preoperative diagnosis of ovarian carcinomas. J Cancer 2019; 10:1958-1967. [PMID: 31205555 PMCID: PMC6548168 DOI: 10.7150/jca.30231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Exosomes are extracellular microvesicles that are released by most cells and widely distributed in various body fluids. Malignant cells secrete large amounts of exosomes containing various molecular constituents reflecting the originating tumor. We investigated the difference in microRNA (miRNA) expression in serum exosomes from the patients with benign, borderline and malignant ovarian masses to assess the diagnostic relevance of serum exosomal miRNAs as biomarkers for preoperative diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma. Methods: A total of 68 cases of ovarian masses were enrolled, comprising benign ovarian cysts (benign; n=10), borderline ovarian tumors (BOT, n=10), high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOC, n=39) and non-HGSOCs (n=9). Exosomal RNA was extracted from the serum, and expression levels of seven miRNAs (miRNA-21, -93, -141, -145, -200a, -200b and -200c), which were reportedly dysregulated in serous ovarian cancer in previous studies, were quantified by real-time PCR, and compared between the four groups. Results: MiR-93, -145, and -200c, showed significantly higher expression in serum exosomes of the cancer group (HGSOC and non-HGSOC) than of the non-cancer group (benign and BOT; all p<0.05). The remaining three miRs (miR-141, -200a, and -200b) were expressed at extremely low levels, and not appropriate as serological biomarkers. To test discrimination of cancer from non-cancer, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves determined for cancer antigen 125 (CA125), miR-145, miR-200c, miR-21, and miR-93 were 0.801 (p<0.001), 0.910 (p<0.001), 0.802 (p<0.001), 0.585 (p=0.303), and 0.755 (p=0.002), respectively. MiR-145 showed superior sensitivity (91.6%), and miR-200c showed superior specificity (90.0%), compared with CA125. Conclusion: Expression of exosomal miR-93, miR-145 and miR-200c was significantly elevated in the serum of ovarian cancer patients. Serum exosomal miR-145 in particular appeared to be the most promising biomarker for preoperative diagnosis of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sewha Kim
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Chul Choi
- Comprehensive Gynecologic Cancer Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Yeon Jeong
- Institute for Clinical Research, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyun Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Geun Jung
- Comprehensive Gynecologic Cancer Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Duk Joo
- Comprehensive Gynecologic Cancer Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Park
- Comprehensive Gynecologic Cancer Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Song
- Comprehensive Gynecologic Cancer Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Lee
- Comprehensive Gynecologic Cancer Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hoen Kim
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jung An
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 13496, Republic of Korea
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MicroRNA let-7g acts as tumor suppressor and predictive biomarker for chemoresistance in human epithelial ovarian cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5668. [PMID: 30952937 PMCID: PMC6450929 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42221-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Remarkable deregulation of microRNAs has been demonstrated in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). In particular, some of the let-7 miRNA family members have been proposed as tumor suppressors. Here, we explored the functional roles of let-7g in EOC. The ectopic overexpression of let-7g in OVCAR3 and HEY-A8 EOC cells induced i) a down-regulation of c-Myc and cyclin-D2 thus promoting cell cycle arrest, ii) a reduction of Vimentin, Snail and Slug thus counteracting the progression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, iii) a chemosensitization to cis-platinum treatment. Next, analysis of human EOC tissues revealed that let-7g expression was significantly reduced in tumor tissue specimens of patients with EOC compared to their non-tumor counterparts (p = 0.0002). Notably, low let-7g tissue levels were significantly associated with acquired chemoresistance of patients with late-stage of EOC (n = 17, p = 0.03194). This finding was further validated in the serum samples collected from the same cohort of patients (n = 17, p = 0.003). To conclude, we demonstrate that let-7g acts as tumor suppressor and might be used to disable EOC tumor progression and chemoresistance to cis-platinum-based chemotherapy. Furthermore, we propose that decreased expression of let-7g could serve as a tissue and serum biomarker able to predict the chemo-resistant features of EOC patients.
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Moya L, Meijer J, Schubert S, Matin F, Batra J. Assessment of miR-98-5p, miR-152-3p, miR-326 and miR-4289 Expression as Biomarker for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1154. [PMID: 30845775 PMCID: PMC6429489 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide, accounting for almost 1 in 5 new cancer diagnoses in the US alone. The current non-invasive biomarker prostate specific antigen (PSA) has lately been presented with many limitations, such as low specificity and often associated with over-diagnosis. The dysregulation of miRNAs in cancer has been widely reported and it has often been shown to be specific, sensitive and stable, suggesting miRNAs could be a potential specific biomarker for the disease. Previously, we identified four miRNAs that are significantly upregulated in plasma from PCa patients when compared to healthy controls: miR-98-5p, miR-152-3p, miR-326 and miR-4289. This panel showed high specificity and sensitivity in detecting PCa (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.88). To investigate the specificity of these miRNAs as biomarkers for PCa, we undertook an in depth analysis on these miRNAs in cancer from the existing literature and data. Additionally, we explored their prognostic value found in the literature when available. Most studies showed these miRNAs are downregulated in cancer and this is often associated with cancer progression and poorer overall survival rate. These results suggest our four miRNA signatures could potentially become a specific PCa diagnostic tool of which prognostic potential should also be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leire Moya
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia.
- Cancer Program, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia.
| | - Jonelle Meijer
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia.
- Cancer Program, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia.
| | - Sarah Schubert
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia.
- Cancer Program, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia.
| | - Farhana Matin
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia.
- Cancer Program, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia.
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia.
- Cancer Program, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia.
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Tu J, Cheung HH, Lu G, Chen Z, Chan WY. MicroRNA-10a promotes granulosa cells tumor development via PTEN-AKT/Wnt regulatory axis. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1076. [PMID: 30348959 PMCID: PMC6197200 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1117-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported that microRNA-10 family could disturb normal development of granulosa cells (GC) during follicle formation. In the current study, the effect of miR-10a on granulosa cell tumor (GCT), a subtype of ovarian cancer, was examined. Strong miR-10a signal was detected in tissues from malignant GCT patients. Forced expression of miR-10a significantly promoted cell proliferation, migration, invasion, ovarian hormone production, and repressed anticancer drug-induced apoptosis in vitro. The oncogenic role of miR-10a was further validated in an orthotopic GCT model in vivo. In addition, by using CRISPR-Cas9 system, the aggressive phenotype was repressed in miR-10a knockout cancer GC. By using a heterotopic mice model, the oncogenic role of miR-10a was confirmed in vivo. RNA-seq, FISH, western blot, luciferase reporter assay were used to identified PTEN, a well-known anti-GCT gene, as direct functional target of miR-10a in cancer GC; Akt and Wnt were also found as two associated oncogenic pathways of miR-10a in cancer GC. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the miR-10a could promote GCT development via synergistically regulating PTEN, Akt, and Wnt pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Tu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, 230000, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hoi-Hung Cheung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gang Lu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, 250001, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zijiang Chen
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, 250001, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, 250001, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wai-Yee Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, 250001, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Nilsson E, Klukovich R, Sadler-Riggleman I, Beck D, Xie Y, Yan W, Skinner MK. Environmental toxicant induced epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of ovarian pathology and granulosa cell epigenome and transcriptome alterations: ancestral origins of polycystic ovarian syndrome and primary ovarian insufiency. Epigenetics 2018; 13:875-895. [PMID: 30207508 PMCID: PMC6224216 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2018.1521223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Two of the most prevalent ovarian diseases affecting women's fertility and health are Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS). Previous studies have shown that exposure to a number of environmental toxicants can promote the epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of ovarian disease. In the current study, transgenerational changes to the transcriptome and epigenome of ovarian granulosa cells are characterized in F3 generation rats after ancestral vinclozolin or DDT exposures. In purified granulosa cells from 20-day-old F3 generation females, 164 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) (P < 1 x 10-6) were found in the F3 generation vinclozolin lineage and 293 DMRs (P < 1 x 10-6) in the DDT lineage, compared to controls. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) were found to be differentially expressed in both the vinclozolin and DDT lineage granulosa cells. There were 492 sncRNAs (P < 1 x 10-4) in the vinclozolin lineage and 1,085 sncRNAs (P < 1 x 10-4) in the DDT lineage. There were 123 lncRNAs and 51 lncRNAs in the vinclozolin and DDT lineages, respectively (P < 1 x 10-4). Differentially expressed mRNAs were also found in the vinclozolin lineage (174 mRNAs at P < 1 x 10-4) and the DDT lineage (212 mRNAs at P < 1 x 10-4) granulosa cells. Comparisons with known ovarian disease associated genes were made. These transgenerational epigenetic changes appear to contribute to the dysregulation of the ovary and disease susceptibility that can occur in later life. Observations suggest that ancestral exposure to toxicants is a risk factor that must be considered in the molecular etiology of ovarian disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Nilsson
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Rachel Klukovich
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Ingrid Sadler-Riggleman
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Daniel Beck
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Yeming Xie
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Michael K. Skinner
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
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37
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Vega-Benedetti AF, Saucedo CN, Zavattari P, Vanni R, Royo F, Llavero F, Zugaza JL, Parada LA. PLAGL1 gene function during hepatoma cells proliferation. Oncotarget 2018; 9:32775-32794. [PMID: 30214684 PMCID: PMC6132347 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma develops as a multistep process, in which cell cycle deregulation is a central feature, resulting in unscheduled proliferation. The PLAGL1 gene encodes a homonym zinc finger protein that is involved in cell-proliferation control. We determined the genomic profile and the transcription and expression level of PLAGL1, simultaneously with that of its molecular partners p53, PPARγ and p21, in cell-lines derived from patients with liver cancer, during in vitro cell growth. Our investigations revealed that genomic and epigenetic changes of PLAGL1 are also present in hepatoma cell-lines. Transcription of PLAGL1 in tumor cells is significantly lower than in normal fibroblasts, but no significant differences in terms of protein expression were detected between these two cell-types, indicating that there is not a direct relationship between the gene transcriptional activity and protein expression. RT-PCR analyses on normal fibroblasts, used as control, also showed that PLAGL1 and p53 genes transcription occurs as an apparent orchestrated process during normal cells proliferation, which gets disturbed in cancer cells. Furthermore, abnormal trafficking of the PLAGL1 protein may occur in hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Patrizia Zavattari
- Biochemistry, Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato SP 8, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Roberta Vanni
- Biochemistry, Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato SP 8, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Felix Royo
- CIC BioGUNE-CIBERehd, Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain
| | - Francisco Llavero
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, UPV/EHU Technology Park, Leioa, Spain.,Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - José L Zugaza
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, UPV/EHU Technology Park, Leioa, Spain.,Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Luis A Parada
- Institute of Experimental Pathology, CONICET-UNSa, Salta, Argentina
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The microRNA miR-192/215 family is upregulated in mucinous ovarian carcinomas. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11069. [PMID: 30038317 PMCID: PMC6056508 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29332-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Different microRNAs are dysregulated in ovarian cancer where some of them have proved to be valid biomarkers. miRNA profiling analyses have shown that the different histotypes of ovarian carcinoma display differential expression of specific miRNAs. In the present study, we used miRNA-sequencing and Real-Time qPCR to detect the expression levels of miRNAs belonging to the miRNA-192/215 family, namely miR-192, miR-194, and miR-215, in different types of ovarian neoplasia, finding that miR-192, miR-194, and miR-215 were upregulated in ovarian carcinomas of the mucinous subtype, but downregulated in other types of carcinoma and in sex cord-stromal tumors. The expression of the said miRNAs was 6-fold higher in mucinous tumors compared to the other histotypes making them candidates for a possible role as diagnostic biomarkers.
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Liu DT, Yao HR, Li YY, Song YY, Su MY. MicroRNA-19b promotes the migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells by inhibiting the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:559-565. [PMID: 29963131 PMCID: PMC6019979 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Local and systemic metastasis is the main reason for the poor survival rate of patients with ovarian cancer (OC). MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are short non-coding RNAs that serve critical roles in the initiation and progression of OC. The present study demonstrated that expression of miR-19b was significantly increased in OC tissues and cell lines. Analysis of clinicopathological features revealed that the increased expression of miR-19b was associated with advanced International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage and lymphatic metastasis of OC patients. Loss-of-function experiments demonstrated that the silencing of miR-19b reduced the migration and invasion of OVCAR-3 cells; contrarily, the overexpression of miR-19b facilitated the migration and invasion of CAOV-3 cells. Furthermore, miR-19b regulated the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and the activity of the PTEN/RAC serine/threonine-protein kinase pathway in vitro. Notably, the results of dual-luciferase reporter assays indicated that PTEN was a direct downstream target of miR-19b in OC. Taken together, the results of the current study demonstrated that miR-19b serves an oncogenic role in the progression of OC, and could potentially act as a biomarker and therapeutic target for OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Tong Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Rong Yao
- Department of Gynecology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Ying Li
- Department of Gynecology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
| | - Yang-Yang Song
- Department of Gynecology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Ya Su
- Department of Gynecology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, P.R. China
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40
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MicroRNA‑655 inhibits cell proliferation and invasion in epithelial ovarian cancer by directly targeting vascular endothelial growth factor. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:1878-1884. [PMID: 29845206 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) have been shown to be deregulated in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Their deregulation has been suggested to be involved in EOC formation and progression through the regulation of the expression of numerous cancer‑related genes. Hence, it is of great importance to further determine the detailed roles and underlying mechanisms of miRNAs involved in EOC and to identify novel targets for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of patients with EOC. In this study, the expression of miR‑655‑3p (miR‑655) was significantly downregulated in EOC tissues and four EOC cell lines. After miR‑655 was restored, functional assays revealed that cellular proliferation and invasion were considerably reduced in EOC. Additionally, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) A was identified as a direct target gene of miR‑655 in EOC cells. Furthermore, VEGF knockdown could mimic the tumour‑suppressive roles of miR‑655 overexpression in EOC cells. Moreover, the introduction of VEGF abrogated the effects of miR‑655‑induced proliferation and invasion inhibition in EOC cells. Altogether, these findings indicated that miR‑655 may inhibit EOC cell proliferation and invasion by repressing VEGF. Thus, the miR‑655/VEGF pathway could serve as a novel therapeutic target for patients with EOC.
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41
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Chen SF, Liu Z, Chaurasiya S, Dellinger TH, Lu J, Wu X, Qin H, Wang J, Fong Y, Yuan YC. Identification of core aberrantly expressed microRNAs in serous ovarian carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:20451-20466. [PMID: 29755664 PMCID: PMC5945511 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently demonstrated great potential and enormous promise in the diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of various types of cancer. In this study, we performed a comprehensive miRNA expression analysis in the omental metastasis of serous ovarian carcinoma (SOC) using small RNA sequencing. Two hundred and fifty-one aberrantly expressed miRNAs were identified, which clearly separated malignant omentum from normal omentum. Furthermore, miRNA profiles in primary chemo-sensitive and chemo-resistant/refractory SOC were determined using publicly available data. Comparing miRNA expression profiles in omental metastases and primary chemo-sensitive and chemo-resistant/refractory tumors, a set of 70 miRNAs that were aberrantly expressed in both primary and metastatic SOC has been identified for the first time. These core aberrantly expressed miRNAs may play crucial roles in the tumorigenesis, growth, and metastasis of SOC. Therefore, they can serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers and as therapeutic targets for miRNA-mediated therapy. Kaplan-Meier overall survival analysis using The Cancer Genome Atlas data demonstrated that 10 miRNAs (hsa-miR-135, 150, -340, 625, 1908, 3187, -96, -196b, -449c, and -1275) were associated with survival of patients with SOC, which may serve as potential prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven F. Chen
- Bioinformatics Core, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010, USA
| | - Zheng Liu
- Bioinformatics Core, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010, USA
| | - Shyambabu Chaurasiya
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California 91010, USA
| | - Thanh H. Dellinger
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California 91010, USA
| | - Jianming Lu
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California 91010, USA
| | - Xiwei Wu
- Integrative Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010, USA
| | - Hanjun Qin
- Integrative Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010, USA
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Integrative Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010, USA
| | - Yuman Fong
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California 91010, USA
| | - Yate-Ching Yuan
- Bioinformatics Core, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010, USA
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Classification of heterogeneous genetic variations of microRNA regulome in cancer. Cancer Lett 2018; 419:128-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Sutton MN, Yang H, Huang GY, Fu C, Pontikos M, Wang Y, Mao W, Pang L, Yang M, Liu J, Parker-Thornburg J, Lu Z, Bast RC. RAS-related GTPases DIRAS1 and DIRAS2 induce autophagic cancer cell death and are required for autophagy in murine ovarian cancer cells. Autophagy 2018; 14:637-653. [PMID: 29368982 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1427022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the 3 GTPases in the DIRAS family, DIRAS3/ARHI is the best characterized. DIRAS3 is an imprinted tumor suppressor gene that encodes a 26-kDa GTPase that shares 60% homology to RAS and RAP. DIRAS3 is downregulated in many tumor types, including ovarian cancer, where re-expression inhibits cancer cell growth, reduces motility, promotes tumor dormancy and induces macroautophagy/autophagy. Previously, we demonstrated that DIRAS3 is required for autophagy in human cells. Diras3 has been lost from the mouse genome during evolutionary re-arrangement, but murine cells can still undergo autophagy. We have tested whether DIRAS1 and DIRAS2, which are homologs found in both human and murine cells, could serve as surrogates to DIRAS3 in the murine genome affecting autophagy and cancer cell growth. Similar to DIRAS3, these 2 GTPases share 40-50% homology to RAS and RAP, but differ from DIRAS3 primarily in the lengths of their N-terminal extensions. We found that DIRAS1 and DIRAS2 are downregulated in ovarian cancer and are associated with decreased disease-free and overall survival. Re-expression of these genes suppressed growth of human and murine ovarian cancer cells by inducing autophagy-mediated cell death. Mechanistically, DIRAS1 and DIRAS2 induce and regulate autophagy by inhibition of the AKT1-MTOR and RAS-MAPK signaling pathways and modulating nuclear localization of the autophagy-related transcription factors FOXO3/FOXO3A and TFEB. Taken together, these data suggest that DIRAS1 and DIRAS2 likely serve as surrogates in the murine genome for DIRAS3, and may function as a backup system to fine-tune autophagy in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margie N Sutton
- a Department of Experimental Therapeutics , The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Hailing Yang
- a Department of Experimental Therapeutics , The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Gilbert Y Huang
- a Department of Experimental Therapeutics , The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Caroline Fu
- a Department of Experimental Therapeutics , The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Michael Pontikos
- a Department of Experimental Therapeutics , The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Yan Wang
- a Department of Experimental Therapeutics , The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Weiqun Mao
- a Department of Experimental Therapeutics , The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Lan Pang
- a Department of Experimental Therapeutics , The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Maojie Yang
- a Department of Experimental Therapeutics , The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Jinsong Liu
- b Department of Pathology , The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Jan Parker-Thornburg
- c Department of Genetics , The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Zhen Lu
- a Department of Experimental Therapeutics , The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Robert C Bast
- a Department of Experimental Therapeutics , The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
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Ruan L, Xie Y, Liu F, Chen X. Serum miR-1181 and miR-4314 associated with ovarian cancer: MiRNA microarray data analysis for a pilot study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2018; 222:31-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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van Rensburg IC, du Toit L, Walzl G, du Plessis N, Loxton AG. Decreased neutrophil-associated miRNA and increased B-cell associated miRNA expression during tuberculosis. Gene 2018; 655:35-41. [PMID: 29477867 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by binding to, and suppressing the expression of genes. Research show that microRNAs have potential to be used as biomarkers for diagnosis, treatment response and can be used for therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, microRNA expression has effects on immune cell functions, which may lead to disease. Considering the important protective role of neutrophils and B-cells during M.tb infection, we evaluated the expression of microRNAs, known to alter function of these cells, in the context of human TB. We utilised real-time PCR to evaluate the levels of microRNA transcripts in the peripheral blood of TB cases and healthy controls. We found that neutrophil-associated miR-197-3p, miR-99b-5p and miR-191-5p transcript levels were significantly lower in TB cases. Additionally, B-cell-associated miR-320a, miR-204-5p, miR331-3p and other transcript levels were higher in TB cases. The miRNAs differentially expressed in neutrophils are predominantly implicated in signalling pathways leading to cytokine productions. Here, the decreased expression in TB cases may imply a lack of suppression on signalling pathways, which may lead to increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interferon-gamma. Furthermore, the miRNAs differentially expressed in B-cells are mostly involved in the induction/suppression of apoptosis. Further functional studies are however required to elucidate the significance and functional effects of changes in the expression of these microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- I C van Rensburg
- SA MRC Centre for TB Research, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town 8000, South Africa
| | - L du Toit
- SA MRC Centre for TB Research, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town 8000, South Africa
| | - G Walzl
- SA MRC Centre for TB Research, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town 8000, South Africa
| | - N du Plessis
- SA MRC Centre for TB Research, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town 8000, South Africa
| | - A G Loxton
- SA MRC Centre for TB Research, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town 8000, South Africa.
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Teng Y, Su X, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Li C, Niu W, Liu C, Qu K. miRNA-200a/c as potential biomarker in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC): evidence based on miRNA meta-signature and clinical investigations. Oncotarget 2018; 7:81621-81633. [PMID: 27835595 PMCID: PMC5348417 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive effort has been put on miRNA expression signatures in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Unfortunately, consistent conclusion rarely yielded from diverse studies, mainly due to the high inter-lab variability and small sample sizes. To overcome above limitations, an integrated analysis of miRNA expression signature was performed by employing Robust Rank Aggregation (RRA) method. Diagnostic analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival curves and pathway enrichment analysis were used to investigate the clinical values and biological functions of meta-signature miRNAs. A total of 519 EOC and 248 noncancerous samples were included. Seven mostly dysregulated miRNAs were identified by RRA method and two miRNAs (miR-200a-3p and miR-200c-3p) remained statistically significant after Bonferroni-correction. Diagnostic meta-analysis showed reliable diagnostic capacity of miR-200a-3p (with a pooled sensitivity of 0.84 and specificity of 0.83) and miR-200c-3p (with a pooled sensitivity of 0.75 and specificity of 0.66) for EOC. Pathway enrichment analysis and expression correlation analysis suggested miR-200a/c might contribute EOC progression by affecting cellular adhesion process. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis based on two independent cohorts revealed a strong association between miR-200a/c and overall survival in EOC patients. miR-200a/c was identified as the mostly dysregulated miRNAs in EOC and might be novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for patients with EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Teng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xuan Su
- Department of Head and Neck of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Wenquan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Kai Qu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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Blagden S, Abdel Mouti M, Chettle J. Ancient and modern: hints of a core post-transcriptional network driving chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2018; 9:e1432. [PMID: 28762650 PMCID: PMC5763387 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and noncoding (nc)RNAs (such as microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and others) cooperate within a post-transcriptional network to regulate the expression of genes required for many aspects of cancer behavior including its sensitivity to chemotherapy. Here, using an RBP-centric approach, we explore the current knowledge surrounding contributers to post-transcriptional gene regulation (PTGR) in ovarian cancer and identify commonalities that hint at the existence of an evolutionarily conserved core PTGR network. This network regulates survival and chemotherapy resistance in the contemporary context of the cancer cell. There is emerging evidence that cancers become dependent on PTGR factors for their survival. Further understanding of this network may identify innovative therapeutic targets as well as yield crucial insights into the hard-wiring of many malignancies, including ovarian cancer. WIREs RNA 2018, 9:e1432. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1432 This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Interactions: Functional Implications Translation > Translation Mechanisms RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
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48
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Sulima SO, Hofman IJF, De Keersmaecker K, Dinman JD. How Ribosomes Translate Cancer. Cancer Discov 2017; 7:1069-1087. [PMID: 28923911 PMCID: PMC5630089 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-17-0550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A wealth of novel findings, including congenital ribosomal mutations in ribosomopathies and somatic ribosomal mutations in various cancers, have significantly increased our understanding of the relevance of ribosomes in oncogenesis. Here, we explore the growing list of mechanisms by which the ribosome is involved in carcinogenesis-from the hijacking of ribosomes by oncogenic factors and dysregulated translational control, to the effects of mutations in ribosomal components on cellular metabolism. Of clinical importance, the recent success of RNA polymerase inhibitors highlights the dependence on "onco-ribosomes" as an Achilles' heel of cancer cells and a promising target for further therapeutic intervention.Significance: The recent discovery of somatic mutations in ribosomal proteins in several cancers has strengthened the link between ribosome defects and cancer progression, while also raising the question of which cellular mechanisms such defects exploit. Here, we discuss the emerging molecular mechanisms by which ribosomes support oncogenesis, and how this understanding is driving the design of novel therapeutic strategies. Cancer Discov; 7(10); 1069-87. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey O Sulima
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, LKI, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabel J F Hofman
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, LKI, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kim De Keersmaecker
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, LKI, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jonathan D Dinman
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.
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Zhou K, Diebel KW, Holy J, Skildum A, Odean E, Hicks DA, Schotl B, Abrahante JE, Spillman MA, Bemis LT. A tRNA fragment, tRF5-Glu, regulates BCAR3 expression and proliferation in ovarian cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:95377-95391. [PMID: 29221134 PMCID: PMC5707028 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a complex disease marked by tumor heterogeneity, which contributes to difficulties in diagnosis and treatment. New molecular targets and better molecular profiles defining subsets of patients are needed. tRNA fragments (tRFs) offer a recently identified group of noncoding RNAs that are often as abundant as microRNAs in cancer cells. Initially their presence in deep sequencing data sets was attributed to the breakdown of mature tRNAs, however, it is now clear that they are actively generated and function in multiple regulatory events. One such tRF, a 5’ fragment of tRNA-Glu-CTC (tRF5-Glu), is processed from the mature tRNA-Glu and is shown in this study to be expressed in ovarian cancer cells. We confirmed that tRF5-Glu binds directly to a site in the 3’UTR of the Breast Cancer Anti-Estrogen Resistance 3 (BCAR3) mRNA thereby down regulating its expression. BCAR3 has not previously been studied in ovarian cancer cells and our studies demonstrate that inhibiting BCAR3 expression suppresses ovarian cancer cell proliferation. Furthermore, mimics of tRF5-Glu were found to inhibit proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. In summary, BCAR3 and tRF5-Glu contribute to the complex tumor heterogeneity of ovarian cancer cells and may provide new targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, 55812, USA
| | - Kevin W Diebel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, 55812, USA
| | - Jon Holy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, 55812, USA
| | - Andrew Skildum
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, 55812, USA
| | - Evan Odean
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, 55812, USA
| | - Douglas A Hicks
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Brent Schotl
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, 55812, USA
| | - Juan E Abrahante
- University of Minnesota Informatics Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Monique A Spillman
- Texas A&M University Medical School, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75206 USA
| | - Lynne T Bemis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, 55812, USA
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50
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Deb B, Uddin A, Chakraborty S. miRNAs and ovarian cancer: An overview. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:3846-3854. [PMID: 28703277 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the sixth most common cancer in women globally. However, even with the advances in detection and therapeutics it still represents the most dangerous gynecologic malignancy in women of the industrialized countries. The discovery of micro-RNAs (miRNA), a small noncoding RNA molecule targeting multiple mRNAs and regulation of gene expression by triggering translation repression and/or RNA degradation, has revealed the existence of a new array for regulation of genes involved in cancer. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the role of miRNAs expression in OC. It also provides information about potential clinical relevance of circulating miRNAs for OC diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics. The identification of functional targets for miRNAs represents a major obstacle in our understanding of microRNA function in OC, but significant progress is being made. The better understanding of the role of microRNA expression in ovarian cancer may provide new array for the detection, diagnosis, and therapy of the OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bornali Deb
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Arif Uddin
- Department of Zoology, Moinul Hoque Choudhury Memorial Science College, Algapur, Hailakandi, India
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