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Vikramdeo KS, Anand S, Sudan SK, Pramanik P, Singh S, Godwin AK, Singh AP, Dasgupta S. Profiling mitochondrial DNA mutations in tumors and circulating extracellular vesicles of triple-negative breast cancer patients for potential biomarker development. FASEB Bioadv 2023; 5:412-426. [PMID: 37810173 PMCID: PMC10551276 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2023-00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection and recurrence prediction are challenging in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. We aimed to develop mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-based liquid biomarkers to improve TNBC management. Mitochondrial genome (MG) enrichment and next-generation sequencing mapped the entire MG in 73 samples (64 tissues and 9 extracellular vesicles [EV] samples) from 32 metastatic TNBCs. We measured mtDNA and cardiolipin (CL) contents, NDUFB8, and SDHB protein expression in tumors and in corresponding circulating EVs. We identified 168 nonsynonymous mtDNA mutations, with 73% (123/186) coding and 27% (45/168) noncoding in nature. Twenty percent of mutations were nucleotide transversions. Respiratory complex I (RCI) was the key target, which harbored 44% (74/168) of the overall mtDNA mutations. A panel of 11 hotspot mtDNA mutations was identified among 19%-38% TNBCs, which were detectable in the serum-derived EVs with 82% specificity. Overall, 38% of the metastatic tumor-signature mtDNA mutations were traceable in the EVs. An appreciable number of mtDNA mutations were homoplasmic (18%, 31/168), novel (14%, 23/168), and potentially pathogenic (9%, 15/168). The overall and RCI-specific mtDNA mutational load was higher in women with African compared to European ancestry accompanied by an exclusive abundance of respiratory complex (RC) protein NDUFB8 (RCI) and SDHB (RCII) therein. Increased mtDNA (p < 0.0001) content was recorded in both tumors and EVs along with an abundance of CL (p = 0.0001) content in the EVs. Aggressive tumor-signature mtDNA mutation detection and measurement of mtDNA and CL contents in the EVs bear the potential to formulate noninvasive early detection and recurrence prediction strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunwar Somesh Vikramdeo
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South AlabamaMobileAlabamaUSA
- Department of Pathology, College of MedicineUniversity of South AlabamaMobileAlabamaUSA
| | - Shashi Anand
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South AlabamaMobileAlabamaUSA
- Department of Pathology, College of MedicineUniversity of South AlabamaMobileAlabamaUSA
| | - Sarabjeet Kour Sudan
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South AlabamaMobileAlabamaUSA
- Department of Pathology, College of MedicineUniversity of South AlabamaMobileAlabamaUSA
| | - Paramahansa Pramanik
- Department of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of South AlabamaMobileAlabamaUSA
| | - Seema Singh
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South AlabamaMobileAlabamaUSA
- Department of Pathology, College of MedicineUniversity of South AlabamaMobileAlabamaUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of South AlabamaMobileAlabamaUSA
| | - Andrew K. Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansasUSA
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center, University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansasUSA
- Kansas Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansasUSA
| | - Ajay Pratap Singh
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South AlabamaMobileAlabamaUSA
- Department of Pathology, College of MedicineUniversity of South AlabamaMobileAlabamaUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of South AlabamaMobileAlabamaUSA
| | - Santanu Dasgupta
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South AlabamaMobileAlabamaUSA
- Department of Pathology, College of MedicineUniversity of South AlabamaMobileAlabamaUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of South AlabamaMobileAlabamaUSA
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2
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Czegle I, Huang C, Soria PG, Purkiss DW, Shields A, Wappler-Guzzetta EA. The Role of Genetic Mutations in Mitochondrial-Driven Cancer Growth in Selected Tumors: Breast and Gynecological Malignancies. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040996. [PMID: 37109525 PMCID: PMC10145875 DOI: 10.3390/life13040996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing understanding of the molecular and cytogenetic background of various tumors that helps us better conceptualize the pathogenesis of specific diseases. Additionally, in many cases, these molecular and cytogenetic alterations have diagnostic, prognostic, and/or therapeutic applications that are heavily used in clinical practice. Given that there is always room for improvement in cancer treatments and in cancer patient management, it is important to discover new therapeutic targets for affected individuals. In this review, we discuss mitochondrial changes in breast and gynecological (endometrial and ovarian) cancers. In addition, we review how the frequently altered genes in these diseases (BRCA1/2, HER2, PTEN, PIK3CA, CTNNB1, RAS, CTNNB1, FGFR, TP53, ARID1A, and TERT) affect the mitochondria, highlighting the possible associated individual therapeutic targets. With this approach, drugs targeting mitochondrial glucose or fatty acid metabolism, reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial biogenesis, mtDNA transcription, mitophagy, or cell death pathways could provide further tailored treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibolya Czegle
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Chelsea Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Priscilla Geraldine Soria
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Dylan Wesley Purkiss
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Andrea Shields
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
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3
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Xu Y, Yang Y, Wang Y, Su J, Chan T, Zhou J, Gong Y, Wang K, Gu Y, Zhang C, Wu G, Bi L, Qin X, Han J. Molecular fingerprints of nuclear genome and mitochondrial genome for early diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma. J Transl Med 2023; 21:250. [PMID: 37038181 PMCID: PMC10084603 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04099-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most prevalent subtype of lung cancer with high morbidity and mortality rates. Due to the heterogeneity of LUAD, its characteristics remain poorly understood. Exploring the clinical and molecular characteristics of LUAD is challenging but vital for early diagnosis. METHODS This observational and validation study enrolled 80 patients and 13 healthy controls. Nuclear and mtDNA-captured sequencings were performed. RESULTS This study identified a spectrum of nuclear and mitochondrial genome mutations in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma and explored their association with diagnosis. The correlation coefficient for somatic mutations in cfDNA and patient-matched tumor tissues was high in nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. The mutation number of highly mutated genes was evaluated, and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) established a diagnostic model. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis explored the diagnostic ability of the two panels. All models were verified in the testing cohort, and the mtDNA panel demonstrated excellent performance. This study identified somatic mutations in the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, and detecting mutations in cfDNA displayed good diagnostic performance for early-stage LUAD. Moreover, detecting somatic mutations in the mitochondria may be a better tool for diagnosing early-stage LUAD. CONCLUSIONS This study identified specific and sensitive diagnostic biomarkers for early-stage LUAD by focusing on nuclear and mitochondrial genome mutations. This also further developed an early-stage LUAD-specific mutation gene panel for clinical utility. This study established a foundation for further investigation of LUAD molecular pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichun Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biochip at Shanghai and Shanghai Biochip Limited Corporation, No.151, Libing Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, No.241, Huaihai West Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.110, Ganhe Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Su
- National Engineering Research Center for Biochip at Shanghai and Shanghai Biochip Limited Corporation, No.151, Libing Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianlong Chan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biochip at Shanghai and Shanghai Biochip Limited Corporation, No.151, Libing Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jiajing Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Biochip at Shanghai and Shanghai Biochip Limited Corporation, No.151, Libing Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yi Gong
- National Engineering Research Center for Biochip at Shanghai and Shanghai Biochip Limited Corporation, No.151, Libing Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Acupuncture Anesthesia Clinical Research Institute, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifeng Gu
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.110, Ganhe Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Congmeng Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.110, Ganhe Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanjin Wu
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.110, Ganhe Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Bi
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.110, Ganhe Road, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiong Qin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, No.241, Huaihai West Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Junsong Han
- National Engineering Research Center for Biochip at Shanghai and Shanghai Biochip Limited Corporation, No.151, Libing Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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4
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Yan Z, Yuan Q, He Y, Peng F, Liu Y, Zhang H, Ji X, He X, Zhao Q, Xing J, Guo X. Mitochondrial DNA haplogroup M7: A predictor of poor prognosis for colorectal cancer patients in Chinese population. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:1056-1066. [PMID: 36382493 PMCID: PMC9986060 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Haplogroups and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were associated with the prognosis of many types of cancer patients. However, whether mtDNA haplogroups contribute to clinical outcomes of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Chinese population remains to be determined. In this study, mtDNA of tissue samples from 445 CRC patients from Northwestern China was sequenced to evaluate the association between haplogroup and prognosis. The mtDNA sequencing data of 1015 CRC patients from Southern China were collected for validation. We found patients with mtDNA haplogroup M7 had a significantly higher death risk when compared with patients with other haplogroups in both Northwestern (Hazard ratio [HR] = 3.093, 95% CI = 1.768-5.411, p < 0.001) and Southern (HR = 1.607, 95% CI = 1.050-2.459, p = 0.029) China. Then, a haplogroup M7-based mtSNP classifier was selected by using LASSO Cox regression analysis. A nomogram comprising the mtSNP classifier and clinicopathological variables was developed to predict the prognosis of CRC patients (area under the curve [AUC] 0.735, 95% CI = 0.679-0.791). Furthermore, patients with high- and low-risk scores calculated by the haplogroup M7-based mtSNP classifier exhibited significantly different overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (all p < 0.001). Finally, RNA-seq and immunohistochemical analyses indicated the poor prognosis of patients with haplogroup M7 may be related to mitochondrial dysfunction and immune abnormalities in CRC tissues. In conclusion, the haplogroup M7 and haplogroup M7-based mtSNP classifier seems to be a practical and reliable prognostic predictor for CRC patients, which provides a potential tool of clinical decision-making for patients with haplogroup M7 in Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Yan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yiwei He
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Peng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huanqin Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoying Ji
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xianli He
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinliang Xing
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xu Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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5
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Giacomini I, Cortini M, Tinazzi M, Baldini N, Cocetta V, Ragazzi E, Avnet S, Montopoli M. Contribution of Mitochondrial Activity to Doxorubicin-Resistance in Osteosarcoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051370. [PMID: 36900165 PMCID: PMC10000149 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is considered the most common bone tumor affecting children and young adults. The standard of care is chemotherapy; however, the onset of drug resistance still jeopardizes osteosarcoma patients, thus making it necessary to conduct a thorough investigation of the possible mechanisms behind this phenomenon. In the last decades, metabolic rewiring of cancer cells has been proposed as a cause of chemotherapy resistance. Our aim was to compare the mitochondrial phenotype of sensitive osteosarcoma cells (HOS and MG-63) versus their clones when continuously exposed to doxorubicin (resistant cells) and identify alterations exploitable for pharmacological approaches to overcome chemotherapy resistance. Compared with sensitive cells, doxorubicin-resistant clones showed sustained viability with less oxygen-dependent metabolisms, and significantly reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial mass, and ROS production. In addition, we found reduced expression of TFAM gene generally associated with mitochondrial biogenesis. Finally, combined treatment of resistant osteosarcoma cells with doxorubicin and quercetin, a known inducer of mitochondrial biogenesis, re-sensitizes the doxorubicin effect in resistant cells. Despite further investigations being needed, these results pave the way for the use of mitochondrial inducers as a promising strategy to re-sensitize doxorubicin cytotoxicity in patients who do not respond to therapy or reduce doxorubicin side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Giacomini
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Margherita Cortini
- Biomedical Science and Technologies and Nanobiotechnology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Mattia Tinazzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Biomedical Science and Technologies and Nanobiotechnology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Veronica Cocetta
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Eugenio Ragazzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Sofia Avnet
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Monica Montopoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), 35129 Padova, Italy
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (M.M.)
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6
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Neoantigens: promising targets for cancer therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:9. [PMID: 36604431 PMCID: PMC9816309 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01270-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 161.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in neoantigen research have accelerated the development and regulatory approval of tumor immunotherapies, including cancer vaccines, adoptive cell therapy and antibody-based therapies, especially for solid tumors. Neoantigens are newly formed antigens generated by tumor cells as a result of various tumor-specific alterations, such as genomic mutation, dysregulated RNA splicing, disordered post-translational modification, and integrated viral open reading frames. Neoantigens are recognized as non-self and trigger an immune response that is not subject to central and peripheral tolerance. The quick identification and prediction of tumor-specific neoantigens have been made possible by the advanced development of next-generation sequencing and bioinformatic technologies. Compared to tumor-associated antigens, the highly immunogenic and tumor-specific neoantigens provide emerging targets for personalized cancer immunotherapies, and serve as prospective predictors for tumor survival prognosis and immune checkpoint blockade responses. The development of cancer therapies will be aided by understanding the mechanism underlying neoantigen-induced anti-tumor immune response and by streamlining the process of neoantigen-based immunotherapies. This review provides an overview on the identification and characterization of neoantigens and outlines the clinical applications of prospective immunotherapeutic strategies based on neoantigens. We also explore their current status, inherent challenges, and clinical translation potential.
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7
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Vikramdeo KS, Anand S, Khan MA, Khushman M, Heslin MJ, Singh S, Singh AP, Dasgupta S. Detection of mitochondrial DNA mutations in circulating mitochondria-originated extracellular vesicles for potential diagnostic applications in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18455. [PMID: 36323735 PMCID: PMC9630429 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a complete lack of highly sensitive and specific biomarkers for early pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) diagnosis, limiting multi-modal therapeutic options. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is an excellent resource for biomarker discovery because of its high copy number and increased mutational frequency in cancer cells. We examined if mtDNA mutations can be detected in circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) of PDAC patients and used for discerning between cancer and non-cancer subjects. A greater yield of circulating EVs (~ 1.4 fold; p = 0.002) was obtained in PDAC patients (n = 20) than non-cancer (NC) individuals (n = 10). PDAC-EVs contained a higher quantity of total DNA (~ 5.5 folds; p = 0.0001) than NC-EVs and had greater enrichment of mtDNA (~ 14.02-fold; p = 0.0001). PDAC-EVs also had higher levels of cardiolipin (a mitochondrial inner-membrane phospholipid), suggestive of their mitochondrial origin. All mtDNA mutations in PDAC-EVs were unique and frequency was remarkably higher. Most mtDNA mutations (41.5%) in PDAC-EVs were in the respiratory complex-I (RCI) (ND1-ND6), followed by the RCIII gene (CYTB; 11.2%). Among the non-coding genes, D-Loop and RNR2 exhibited the most mutations (15.2% each). Altogether, our study establishes, for the first time, that mtDNA mutations can be detected in circulating EVs and potentially serve as a tool for reliable PDAC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunwar Somesh Vikramdeo
- Cancer Biology Program, Department of Pathology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36617, USA
| | - Shashi Anand
- Cancer Biology Program, Department of Pathology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36617, USA
| | - Mohammad Aslam Khan
- Cancer Biology Program, Department of Pathology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36617, USA
| | - Moh'd Khushman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Martin J Heslin
- Cancer Biology Program, Department of Pathology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
| | - Seema Singh
- Cancer Biology Program, Department of Pathology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36617, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Ajay Pratap Singh
- Cancer Biology Program, Department of Pathology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA.
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36617, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA.
| | - Santanu Dasgupta
- Cancer Biology Program, Department of Pathology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA.
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36617, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA.
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8
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Mitochondrial Control Region Variants Related to Breast Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13111962. [DOI: 10.3390/genes13111962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has an important incidence in the worldwide female population. Although alterations in the mitochondrial genome probably play an important role in carcinogenesis, the actual evidence is ambiguous and inconclusive. Our purpose was to explore differences in mitochondrial sequences of cases with breast cancer compared with control samples from different origins. We identified 124 mtDNA sequences associated with breast cancer cases, of which 86 were complete and 38 were partial sequences. Of these 86 complete sequences, 52 belonged to patients with a confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer, and 34 sequences were obtained from healthy mammary tissue of the same patients used as controls. From the mtDNA analysis, two polymorphisms with significant statistical differences were found: m.310del (rs869289246) in 34.6% (27/78) of breast cancer cases and 61.7% (21/34) in the controls; and m.315dup (rs369786048) in 60.2% (47/78) of breast cancer cases and 38.2% (13/34) in the controls. In addition, the variant m.16519T>C (rs3937033) was found in 59% of the control sequences and 52% of the breast cancer sequences with a significant statistical difference. Polymorphic changes are evolutionarily related to the haplogroup H of Indo-European and Euro-Asiatic origins; however, they were found in all non-European breast cancers.
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9
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Vikramdeo KS, Sudan SK, Singh AP, Singh S, Dasgupta S. Mitochondrial respiratory complexes: Significance in human mitochondrial disorders and cancers. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:4049-4078. [PMID: 36074903 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are pivotal organelles that govern cellular energy production through the oxidative phosphorylation system utilizing five respiratory complexes. In addition, mitochondria also contribute to various critical signaling pathways including apoptosis, damage-associated molecular patterns, calcium homeostasis, lipid, and amino acid biosynthesis. Among these diverse functions, the energy generation program oversee by mitochondria represents an immaculate orchestration and functional coordination between the mitochondria and nuclear encoded molecules. Perturbation in this program through respiratory complexes' alteration results in the manifestation of various mitochondrial disorders and malignancy, which is alarmingly becoming evident in the recent literature. Considering the clinical relevance and importance of this emerging medical problem, this review sheds light on the timing and nature of molecular alterations in various respiratory complexes and their functional consequences observed in various mitochondrial disorders and human cancers. Finally, we discussed how this wealth of information could be exploited and tailored to develop respiratory complex targeted personalized therapeutics and biomarkers for better management of various incurable human mitochondrial disorders and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunwar Somesh Vikramdeo
- Department of Pathology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Sarabjeet Kour Sudan
- Department of Pathology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Ajay P Singh
- Department of Pathology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Seema Singh
- Department of Pathology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
| | - Santanu Dasgupta
- Department of Pathology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
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10
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Different platforms for mitomiRs in mitochondria: Emerging facets in regulation of mitochondrial functions. Mitochondrion 2022; 66:67-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Zhu J, Huang Q, Peng X, Luo C, Liu S, Liu Z, Wu X, Luo H. Identification of LncRNA Prognostic Signature Associated With Genomic Instability in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:799475. [PMID: 35433487 PMCID: PMC9012103 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.799475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genomic instability (GI) is a critical feature of cancer which plays a key role in the occurrence and development of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD). Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) is an emerging prognostic biomarker because it is involved in regulating GI. Recently, researchers used such GI-related LncRNAs (GILncRNAs) to establish a prognostic signature for patients with cancer and helped in predicting the overall prognosis of the patients. However, it is evident that patients with PAAD still lack such prognostic signature constructed with GILncRNA. Methods The present study screened GILncRNAs from 83 patients with PAAD. Prognosis-related GILncRNAs were identified by univariate Cox regression analysis. The correlation coefficients of these GILncRNAs were obtained by multivariate Cox regression analysis and used to construct a signature. The signature in the present study was then assessed through survival analysis, mutation correlation analysis, independent prognostic analysis, and clinical stratification analysis in the training set and validated in the testing as well as all TCGA set. The current study performed external clinical relevance validation of the signature and validated the effect of AC108134.2 in GILncSig on PAAD using in vitro experiments. Finally, the function of GILncRNA signature (GILncSig) dependent on Gene Ontology enrichment analysis was explored and chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity analysis was also performed. Results Results of the present study found that a total of 409 GILncRNAs were identified, 5 of which constituted the prognostic risk signature in this study, namely, AC095057.3, AC108134.2, AC124798.1, AL606834.1, and AC104695.4. It was found that the signature of the present study was better than others in predicting the overall survival and applied to patients with PAAD of all ages, genders, and tumor grades. Further, it was noted that the signature of the current study in the GSE102238, was correlated with tumor length, and tumor stage of patients with PAAD. In vitro, functional experiments were used in the present study to validate that AC108134.2 is associated with PAAD genomic instability and progression. Notably, results of the pRRophetic analysis in the current study showed that the high-risk group possessed reverse characteristics and was sensitive to chemotherapy. Conclusions In conclusion, it was evident that the GILncSig used in the present study has good prognostic performance. Therefore, the signature may become a potential sensitive biological indicator of PAAD chemotherapy, which may help in clinical decision-making and management of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Department of General Practice, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xingyu Peng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Chen Luo
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Sicheng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zitao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xun Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongliang Luo
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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12
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Walker BR, Moraes CT. Nuclear-Mitochondrial Interactions. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030427. [PMID: 35327619 PMCID: PMC8946195 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, the cell’s major energy producers, also act as signaling hubs, interacting with other organelles both directly and indirectly. Despite having its own circular genome, the majority of mitochondrial proteins are encoded by nuclear DNA. To respond to changes in cell physiology, the mitochondria must send signals to the nucleus, which can, in turn, upregulate gene expression to alter metabolism or initiate a stress response. This is known as retrograde signaling. A variety of stimuli and pathways fall under the retrograde signaling umbrella. Mitochondrial dysfunction has already been shown to have severe implications for human health. Disruption of retrograde signaling, whether directly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction or cellular environmental changes, may also contribute to pathological deficits. In this review, we discuss known signaling pathways between the mitochondria and the nucleus, examine the possibility of direct contacts, and identify pathological consequences of an altered relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittni R. Walker
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1420 NW 9th Avenue, Rm. 229, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
| | - Carlos T. Moraes
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1420 NW 9th Avenue, Rm. 229, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-305-243-5858
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13
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Genetic Alterations in Mitochondrial DNA Are Complementary to Nuclear DNA Mutations in Pheochromocytomas. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14020269. [PMID: 35053433 PMCID: PMC8773562 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) alterations have been reported to play important roles in cancer development and metastasis. However, there is scarce information about pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PCCs/PGLs) formation. To determine the potential roles of mtDNA alterations in PCCs/PGLs, we analyzed a panel of 26 nuclear susceptibility genes and the entire mtDNA sequence of 77 human tumors, using NGS. We also performed an analysis of copy-number alterations, large mtDNA deletion, and gene/protein expression. Our results revealed that 53.2% of the tumors harbor a mutation in the susceptibility genes and 16.9% harbor complementary mitochondrial mutations. Large deletions and depletion of mtDNA were found in 26% and 87% of tumors, respectively, accompanied by a reduced expression of the mitochondrial biogenesis markers (PCG1α, NRF1, and TFAM). Furthermore, P62 and LC3a gene expression suggested increased mitophagy, which is linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. These finding suggest a complementarity and a potential contributing role in PCCs/PGLs tumorigenesis. Abstract Background: Somatic mutations, copy-number variations, and genome instability of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been reported in different types of cancers and are suggested to play important roles in cancer development and metastasis. However, there is scarce information about pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PCCs/PGLs) formation. Material: To determine the potential roles of mtDNA alterations in sporadic PCCs/PGLs, we analyzed a panel of 26 nuclear susceptibility genes and the entire mtDNA sequence of seventy-seven human tumors, using next-generation sequencing, and compared the results with normal adrenal medulla tissues. We also performed an analysis of copy-number alterations, large mtDNA deletion, and gene and protein expression. Results: Our results revealed that 53.2% of the tumors harbor a mutation in at least one of the targeted susceptibility genes, and 16.9% harbor complementary mitochondrial mutations. More than 50% of the mitochondrial mutations were novel and predicted pathogenic, affecting mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Large deletions were found in 26% of tumors, and depletion of mtDNA occurred in more than 87% of PCCs/PGLs. The reduction of the mitochondrial number was accompanied by a reduced expression of the regulators that promote mitochondrial biogenesis (PCG1α, NRF1, and TFAM). Further, P62 and LC3a gene expression suggested increased mitophagy, which is linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. Conclusion: The pathogenic role of these finding remains to be shown, but we suggest a complementarity and a potential contributing role in PCCs/PGLs tumorigenesis.
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14
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Duraj T, Carrión-Navarro J, Seyfried TN, García-Romero N, Ayuso-Sacido A. Metabolic therapy and bioenergetic analysis: The missing piece of the puzzle. Mol Metab 2021; 54:101389. [PMID: 34749013 PMCID: PMC8637646 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant metabolism is recognized as a hallmark of cancer, a pillar necessary for cellular proliferation. Regarding bioenergetics (ATP generation), most cancers display a preference not only toward aerobic glycolysis ("Warburg effect") and glutaminolysis (mitochondrial substrate level-phosphorylation) but also toward other metabolites such as lactate, pyruvate, and fat-derived sources. These secondary metabolites can assist in proliferation but cannot fully cover ATP demands. SCOPE OF REVIEW The concept of a static metabolic profile is challenged by instances of heterogeneity and flexibility to meet fuel/anaplerotic demands. Although metabolic therapies are a promising tool to improve therapeutic outcomes, either via pharmacological targets or press-pulse interventions, metabolic plasticity is rarely considered. Lack of bioenergetic analysis in vitro and patient-derived models is hindering translational potential. Here, we review the bioenergetics of cancer and propose a simple analysis of major metabolic pathways, encompassing both affordable and advanced techniques. A comprehensive compendium of Seahorse XF bioenergetic measurements is presented for the first time. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Standardization of principal readouts might help researchers to collect a complete metabolic picture of cancer using the most appropriate methods depending on the sample of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Duraj
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), CEU San Pablo University, 28668, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Josefa Carrión-Navarro
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223, Madrid, Spain; Brain Tumor Laboratory, Fundación Vithas, Grupo Hospitales Vithas, 28043, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Thomas N Seyfried
- Biology Department, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Ave, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA.
| | - Noemí García-Romero
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223, Madrid, Spain; Brain Tumor Laboratory, Fundación Vithas, Grupo Hospitales Vithas, 28043, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Angel Ayuso-Sacido
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223, Madrid, Spain; Brain Tumor Laboratory, Fundación Vithas, Grupo Hospitales Vithas, 28043, Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223, Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Alikhani M, Touati E, Karimipoor M, Vosough M, Mohammadi M. Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number Variations in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers: Potential Players. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 53:770-781. [PMID: 34486088 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-021-00707-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Alterations of mitochondria have been linked to several cancers. Also, the mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is altered in various cancers, including gastrointestinal tract (GIT) cancers, and several research groups have investigated its potential as a cancer biomarker. However, the exact causes of mtDNA-CN variations are not yet revealed. This review discussed the conceivable players in this scheme, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), mtDNA genetic variations, DNA methylation, telomere length, autophagy, immune system activation, aging, and infections, and discussed their possible impact in the initiation and progression of cancer. By further exploring such mechanisms, mtDNA-CN variations may be effectively utilized as cancer biomarkers and provide grounds for developing novel cancer therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Alikhani
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Eliette Touati
- Unit of Helicobacter Pathogenesis, Department of Microbiology, CNRS UMR2001, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 Rue du Dr Roux cedex 15, 75724, Paris, France
| | - Morteza Karimipoor
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Mohammadi
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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16
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Alikhani M, Saberi S, Esmaeili M, Michel V, Tashakoripour M, Abdirad A, Aghakhani A, Eybpoosh S, Vosough M, Mohagheghi MA, Eshagh Hosseini M, Touati E, Mohammadi M. Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number Variations and Serum Pepsinogen Levels for Risk Assessment in Gastric Cancer. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2021; 25:323-33. [PMID: 34425651 PMCID: PMC8487685 DOI: 10.52547/ibj.25.5.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Variations in mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs), as a potential biomarker for gastric cancer (GC) screening has currently been subject to controversy. Herein, we have assessed its efficiency in GC screening, in parallel and in combination with serum pepsinogen (sPG) I/II ratio, as an established indicator of gastric atrophy. Methods The study population included GC (n = 53) and non-GC (n = 207) dyspeptic patients. The non-GC group was histologically categorized into CG (n = 104) and NM (n = 103) subgroups. The MtDNA-CN of PBLs was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. The sPG I and II levels and anti-H. pylori serum IgG were measured by ELISA. Results The mtDNA-CN was found significantly higher in GC vs. non-GC (OR = 3.0; 95% CI = 1.4, 6.4) subjects. Conversely, GC patients had significantly lower sPG I/II ratio than the non-GC (OR = 3.2; CI = 1.4, 7.2) subjects. The combination of these two biomarkers yielded a dramatic amplification of the odds of GC risk in double-positive (high mtDNA-CN-low sPGI/II) subjects, in reference to double-negatives (low mtDNA-CN-high sPGI/II), when assessed against non-GC (OR = 27.1; CI = 5.0, 147.3), CG (OR = 13.1; CI = 2.4, 72.6), or NM (OR = 49.5; CI = 7.9, 311.6) groups. Conclusion The combination of these two biomarkers, namely mtDNA-CN in PBLs and serum PG I/II ratio, drastically enhanced the efficiency of GC risk assessment, which calls for further validations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Alikhani
- HPGC Research Group, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Saberi
- HPGC Research Group, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Esmaeili
- HPGC Research Group, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Valérie Michel
- Institut Pasteur, Unit of Helicobacter Pathogenesis, CNRS UMR2001, 25-28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Mohammad Tashakoripour
- Gastroenterology Department, Amiralam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Abdirad
- Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezoo Aghakhani
- Clinical Research Dept., Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sana Eybpoosh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahmoud Eshagh Hosseini
- Gastroenterology Department, Amiralam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Eliette Touati
- Institut Pasteur, Unit of Helicobacter Pathogenesis, CNRS UMR2001, 25-28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Marjan Mohammadi
- HPGC Research Group, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Ravi A, Palamiuc L, Loughran RM, Triscott J, Arora GK, Kumar A, Tieu V, Pauli C, Reist M, Lew RJ, Houlihan SL, Fellmann C, Metallo C, Rubin MA, Emerling BM. PI5P4Ks drive metabolic homeostasis through peroxisome-mitochondria interplay. Dev Cell 2021; 56:1661-1676.e10. [PMID: 33984270 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PI5P4Ks are a class of phosphoinositide kinases that phosphorylate PI-5-P to PI-4,5-P2. Distinct localization of phosphoinositides is fundamental for a multitude of cellular functions. Here, we identify a role for peroxisomal PI-4,5-P2 generated by the PI5P4Ks in maintaining energy balance. We demonstrate that PI-4,5-P2 regulates peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation by mediating trafficking of lipid droplets to peroxisomes, which is essential for sustaining mitochondrial metabolism. Using fluorescent-tagged lipids and metabolite tracing, we show that loss of the PI5P4Ks significantly impairs lipid uptake and β-oxidation in the mitochondria. Further, loss of PI5P4Ks results in dramatic alterations in mitochondrial structural and functional integrity, which under nutrient deprivation is further exacerbated, causing cell death. Notably, inhibition of the PI5P4Ks in cancer cells and mouse tumor models leads to decreased cell viability and tumor growth, respectively. Together, these studies reveal an unexplored role for PI5P4Ks in preserving metabolic homeostasis, which is necessary for tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archna Ravi
- Cell and Molecular Biology of Cancer Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Lavinia Palamiuc
- Cell and Molecular Biology of Cancer Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ryan M Loughran
- Cell and Molecular Biology of Cancer Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Joanna Triscott
- Department of Biomedical Research and Bern Center for Precision Medicine, University of Bern and Inselspital Bern, Bern 3008, Switzerland
| | - Gurpreet K Arora
- Cell and Molecular Biology of Cancer Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Avi Kumar
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Vivian Tieu
- Cell and Molecular Biology of Cancer Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Chantal Pauli
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zürich and the University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich 8006, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Reist
- Department of Biomedical Research and Bern Center for Precision Medicine, University of Bern and Inselspital Bern, Bern 3008, Switzerland
| | - Rachel J Lew
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Shauna L Houlihan
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Christof Fellmann
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Christian Metallo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Mark A Rubin
- Department of Biomedical Research and Bern Center for Precision Medicine, University of Bern and Inselspital Bern, Bern 3008, Switzerland
| | - Brooke M Emerling
- Cell and Molecular Biology of Cancer Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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18
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Głowacki S, Synowiec E, Szwed M, Toma M, Skorski T, Śliwiński T. Relationship between Oxidative Stress and Imatinib Resistance in Model Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040610. [PMID: 33924068 PMCID: PMC8074285 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) develops due to the presence of the BCR-ABL1 protein, a target of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as imatinib (IM), used in a CML therapy. CML eradication is a challenge due to developing resistance to TKIs. BCR-ABL1 induces endogenous oxidative stress leading to genomic instability and development of TKI resistance. Model CML cells susceptible or resistant to IM, as well as wild-type, non-cancer cells without the BCR-ABL1 protein were treated with IM, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a model trigger of external oxidative stress, or with IM+H2O2. Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA damage, activity of selected antioxidant enzymes and glutathione (GSH), and mitochondrial potential (MMP) were assessed. We observed increase in ROS accumulation in BCR-ABL1 positive cells and distinct levels of ROS accumulation in IM-susceptible cells when compared to IM-resistant ones, as well as increased DNA damage caused by IM action in sensitive cells. Depletion of GSH levels and a decreased activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the presence of IM was higher in the cells susceptible to IM. IM-resistant cells showed an increase of catalase activity and a depletion of MMP. BCR-ABL1 kinase alters ROS metabolism, and IM resistance is accompanied by the changes in activity of GPx, catalase, and alterations in MMP.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/toxicity
- Catalase/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- DNA Damage
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Glutathione/metabolism
- Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism
- Imatinib Mesylate/toxicity
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial
- Mice
- Oxidative Stress
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwester Głowacki
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143 Street, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (S.G.); (E.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Ewelina Synowiec
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143 Street, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (S.G.); (E.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Marzena Szwed
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143 Street, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Monika Toma
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143 Street, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (S.G.); (E.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Tomasz Skorski
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
| | - Tomasz Śliwiński
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143 Street, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (S.G.); (E.S.); (M.T.)
- Correspondence:
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19
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Zhu Z, Liu Y, Wu D, Wang H. Association Between Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e928327. [PMID: 33468984 PMCID: PMC7830846 DOI: 10.12659/msm.928327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) risk remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between mtDNA copy number and HNSCC risk. Material/Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE until August 2020. Studies that assessed the association between mtDNA copy number and HNSCC as the outcome of interest were included. We performed a 2-class and dose-response meta-analysis to assess the association between cancer risk and mtDNA. Results Eight articles (2 cohort studies and 6 case-control studies) with a total of 3913 patients were included in our meta-analysis. The overall results showed that mean mtDNA copy number level from 9 studies was 0.71 higher in patients with cancer than in non-cancer controls (the standardized mean differences (SMD) 0.71, 95% CI: 0.28–1.15, P<0.001). However, when 4 studies were pooled by dichotomizing mtDNA copy number at the median value into high- and low-content groups, no significant association between mtDNA content and overall cancer risk was found (odds ratio (OR)=0.87, 95% CI: 0.52–1.44, P=0.584). Furthermore, we observed a non-linear association from 3 studies between increased mtDNA copy number levels (P for nonlinearity <0.001). Conclusions The elevated mtDNA copy number could predict the risk of HNSCC as a biomarker. Moreover, there was non-linear relationship of risk between HNSCC and mtDNA copy number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Zhu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Yixiu Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education (Chongqing University), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Didi Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Hongpeng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education (Chongqing University), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China (mainland)
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20
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Bracken-Clarke D, Kapoor D, Baird AM, Buchanan PJ, Gately K, Cuffe S, Finn SP. Vaping and lung cancer - A review of current data and recommendations. Lung Cancer 2021; 153:11-20. [PMID: 33429159 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide and, while tobacco smoke remains the primary cause, there is increasing concern that vaping and E-cigarette use may also increase lung cancer risk. This review concentrates on the current data, scholarship and active foci of research regarding potential cancer risk and oncogenic mechanisms of vaping and lung cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a literature review of current and historical publications on lung cancer oncogenesis, vaping device/e-liquid contents and daughter products, molecular oncogenic mechanisms and the fundamental, potentially oncogenic, effects of electronic cigarette smoke/e-liquid products. RESULTS E-cigarette devices and vaping fluids demonstrably contain a series of both definite and probable oncogens including nicotine derivatives (e.g. nitrosnornicotine, nitrosamine ketone), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals (including organometal compounds) and aldehydes/other complex organic compounds. These arise both as constituents of the e-liquid (with many aldehydes and other complex organics used as flavourings) and as a result of pyrolysis/complex organic reactions in the electronic cigarette device (including unequivocal carcinogens such as formaldehyde - formed from pyrolysis of glycerol). Various studies demonstrate in vitro transforming and cytotoxic activity of these derivatives. E-cigarette device use has been significantly increasing - particularly amongst the younger cohort and non-smokers; thus, this is an area of significant concern for the future. CONCLUSION Although research remains somewhat equivocal, there is clear reason for concern regarding the potential oncogenicity of E-Cigarettes/E-Liquids with a strong basic and molecular science basis. Given lag times (extrapolating from tobacco smoke data) of perhaps 20 years, this may have significant future public health implications. Thus, the authors feel further study in this field is strongly warranted and consideration should be made for tighter control and regulation of these products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dhruv Kapoor
- Department of Medical Oncology, St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne Marie Baird
- School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul James Buchanan
- DCU Cancer Research, Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland; National Institute of Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kathy Gately
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College School of Medicine and St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sinead Cuffe
- Department of Medical Oncology, St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen P Finn
- Department of Pathology, St James' Hospital and Trinity College School of Medicine, Dublin, Ireland
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21
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Miree O, Srivastava SK, Dasgupta S, Singh S, Rocconi R, Singh AP. Current and Futuristic Roadmap of Ovarian Cancer Management: An Overview. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1330:1-19. [PMID: 34339027 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-73359-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy among women worldwide. In most cases, it is diagnosed late at an advanced stage and does not respond well to existing therapies leading to its poor prognosis. In addition, other factors including epidemiological, complex histological diversity, multiple molecular alterations, and overlapping signaling pathways are also important contributors to poor disease outcome. Efforts have continued to develop a deeper understanding of the molecular pathogenesis and altered signaling nodes that provide hope for better clinical management through the development of novel approaches for early diagnosis, disease subtyping, prognosis, and therapy. In this chapter, we provide a detailed overview of OC and its histological subtypes and discuss prevalent molecular aberrations and active signaling pathways that drive OC progression. We also summarize various diagnostic and prognostic markers and therapeutic approaches currently being employed and discuss emerging findings that hold the potential to change the future course of OC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlandric Miree
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.,Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.,Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Santanu Dasgupta
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - Seema Singh
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.,Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Rodney Rocconi
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Ajay Pratap Singh
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA. .,Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.
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22
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Madrid FF, Grossman LI, Aras S. Mitochondria Autoimmunity and MNRR1 in Breast Carcinogenesis: A Review. JOURNAL OF CANCER IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 2:138-158. [PMID: 33615312 PMCID: PMC7894625 DOI: 10.33696/cancerimmunol.2.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We review here the evidence for participation of mitochondrial autoimmunity in BC inception and progression and propose a new paradigm that may challenge the prevailing thinking in oncogenesis by suggesting that mitochondrial autoimmunity is a major contributor to breast carcinogenesis and probably to the inception and progression of other solid tumors. It has been shown that MNRR1 mediated mitochondrial-nuclear function promotes BC cell growth and migration and the development of metastasis and constitutes a proof of concept supporting the participation of mitochondrial autoimmunity in breast carcinogenesis. The resemblance of the autoantibody profile in BC detected by IFA with that in the rheumatic autoimmune diseases suggested that studies on the autoantibody response to tumor associated antigens and the characterization of the mtDNA- and nDNA-encoded antigens may provide functional data on breast carcinogenesis. We also review the studies supporting the view that a panel of autoreactive nDNA-encoded mitochondrial antigens in addition to MNRR1 may be involved in breast carcinogenesis. These include GAPDH, PKM2, GSTP1, SPATA5, MFF, ncRNA PINK1-AS/DDOST as probably contributing to BC progression and metastases and the evidence suggesting that DDX21 orchestrates a complex signaling network with participation of JUND and ATF3 driving chronic inflammation and breast tumorigenesis. We suggest that the widespread autoreactivity of mtDNA- and nDNA-encoded mitochondrial proteins found in BC sera may be the reflection of autoimmunity triggered by mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial tumor associated antigens involved in multiple tumorigenic pathways. Furthermore, we suggest that mitochondrial proteins may contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction in BC even if mitochondrial respiration is found to be within normal limits. However, although the studies show that mitochondrial autoimmunity is a major factor in breast cancer inception and progression, it is not the only factor since there is a multiplex autoantibody profile targeting centrosome and stem cell antigens as well as anti-idiotypic antibodies, revealing the complex signaling network involved in breast carcinogenesis. In summary, the studies reviewed here open new, unexpected therapeutic avenues for cancer prevention and treatment of patients with cancer derived from an entirely new perspective of breast carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Fernández Madrid
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
| | - Lawrence I. Grossman
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
| | - Siddhesh Aras
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
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23
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Yu XJ, Ding Y. The roles of mitochondrial tRNA mutations in non-dystrophic myotonias. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2020; 5:3796-3801. [PMID: 33367105 PMCID: PMC7682739 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2020.1839364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
According a recent report by Heidari et al., a mutational screening for candidate pathogenic mitochondrial tRNA (mt-tRNA) mutations were performed in 45 Iranian patients with non-dystrophic myotonia (NDM) and 70 control subjects. Through PCR amplification and direct sequence analysis, nine mt-tRNA mutations were identified: tRNAMet T4454C, tRNATrp A5568G, tRNACys T5794C, tRNAArg A10438T and T10462C, tRNALeu(CUN) A12308G, tRNAThr A15907G, A15924G and G15928A. However, through the database searches and phylogenetic conservation analysis, we noticed that the tRNAThr A15924G, G15928A and tRNALeu(CUN) A12308G mutations should be classified 'pathogenic'. Thus, the roles of mt-tRNA mutations in clinical expression of NDM needed to be further experimentally addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Jiao Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Central Laboratory, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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24
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Townley AR, Wheatley SP. Mitochondrial survivin reduces oxidative phosphorylation in cancer cells by inhibiting mitophagy. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs247379. [PMID: 33077555 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.247379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Survivin (also known as BIRC5) is a cancer-associated protein that is pivotal for cellular life and death - it is an essential mitotic protein and an inhibitor of apoptosis. In cancer cells, a small pool of survivin localises to the mitochondria, the function of which remains to be elucidated. Here, we report that mitochondrial survivin inhibits the selective form of autophagy called 'mitophagy', causing an accumulation of respiratory-defective mitochondria. Mechanistically, the data reveal that survivin prevents recruitment of the E3-ubiquitin ligase Parkin to mitochondria and their subsequent recognition by the autophagosome. The data also demonstrate that cells in which mitophagy has been blocked by survivin expression have an increased dependency on glycolysis. As these effects were found exclusively in cancer cells, they suggest that the primary act of mitochondrial survivin is to steer cells towards the implementation of the Warburg transition by inhibiting mitochondrial turnover, which enables them to adapt and survive.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia R Townley
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Sally P Wheatley
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
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25
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Ebrahimi E, Akhavan MH, Akrami R, Mahmoodi M, Hesami S, Hashemi M, Razavi SM, Hadji M, Zendehdel K. Association between mitochondrial DNA content and opium exposure. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22559. [PMID: 33034947 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
To date, not much study has been done to investigate the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number as the potential biomarker for opium exposure. Here, we conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the relative mtDNA content as the potential biomarker for opium exposure. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to investigate the mtDNA copy number variation across 205 individuals, including blood samples of 45 opium users, 41 cigarette users, 47 dual users, and 72 never users of any product. We found a significantly higher mtDNA content among the opium-only users (adjusted OR: 3.21; 95% CI: [1.34, 7.66]; P = .009) and dual users (adjusted OR: 2.64; 95% CI: [1.15, 6.1]; P = .02) compared to that in never users even after adjustment for confounding factors, age, and sex. Discordantly, analysis of mitochondrial DNA in cigarette smokers revealed an indirect association between cigarette smoking and mtDNA content although it was not statistically significant. The reason behind the increased mitochondrial DNA is unclear. The possible hypothesis is that there might be a way to compensate for the oxidative damage induced by opium consumption. Taken together, our findings indicated that the mtDNA copy number may alter during opium exposure. Since changes in the mitochondrial DNA copy number was associated with the etiology of many diseases including cancer, further investigations on the mtDNA copy number may shed light on the carcinogenicity of opium consumption and means for early detection among the populations who have been exposed to opium and its products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmira Ebrahimi
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad H Akhavan
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rahim Akrami
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.,Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Mahmoodi
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Hesami
- Medical Genetics Department, Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed M Razavi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Maryam Hadji
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Health Science Unit, Faculty of Social Science, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kazem Zendehdel
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran
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26
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Toh YL, Wong E, Chae JW, Yap NY, Yeo AHL, Shwe M, Chan A. Association of mitochondrial DNA content and displacement loop region sequence variations with cancer-related fatigue in breast cancer survivors receiving chemotherapy. Mitochondrion 2020; 54:65-71. [PMID: 32717446 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is characterized by a lack of energy, and mitochondrial dysfunction is postulated to contribute to its etiology. This prospective cohort study assesses the self-reported fatigue levels of early-stage breast cancer patients using the validated Multi-Dimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory-Short Form (MFSI-SF) and blood samples drawn at three time points: before treatment, approximately 6 weeks, and 12 weeks after the initiation of chemotherapy. The aim of this study is to evaluate mitochondrial measures with CRF, over the course of chemotherapy using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA content) and displacement loop (D-loop) region sequence variations at nucleotide positions 303, 489 and 514. The relative mtDNA copy number was determined via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and compared between study time points and D-loop sequence variants. The association of mtDNA content with MFSI-SF total and sub-domain scores was analyzed in a sample of 155 patients (mean age ± SD: 51.7 ± 8.8 years). The median mtDNA content decreased over 12 weeks after the initiation of chemotherapy (p < 0.001). Baseline mtDNA content was lower for nucleotide position 303 in sequence variations than for the reference sequence (67.2 copies vs 79.1 copies, p = 0.03). Physical fatigue negatively correlated with mtDNA content in both unadjusted (β = -0.0075, p = 0.048) and adjusted models (β = -0.0062, p = 0.042), accounting for age, anxiety, insomnia, haemoglobin levels and body mass index. Our findings add to the literature indicating that mitochondrial function serves as an important target for mitigating CRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Long Toh
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Elgenia Wong
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jung-Woo Chae
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | - Ning Yi Yap
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Maung Shwe
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Alexandre Chan
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Centre, Singapore; Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, University of California Irvine, USA.
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27
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Schubert AD, Channah Broner E, Agrawal N, London N, Pearson A, Gupta A, Wali N, Seiwert TY, Wheelan S, Lingen M, Macleod K, Allen H, Chatterjee A, Vassiliki S, Gaykalova D, Hoque MO, Sidransky D, Suresh K, Izumchenko E. Somatic mitochondrial mutation discovery using ultra-deep sequencing of the mitochondrial genome reveals spatial tumor heterogeneity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2020; 471:49-60. [PMID: 31830557 PMCID: PMC6980748 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been linked to risk, progression, and treatment response of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Due to their clonal nature and high copy number, mitochondrial mutations could serve as powerful molecular markers for detection of cancer cells in bodily fluids, surgical margins, biopsies and lymph node (LN) metastasis, especially at sites where tumor involvement is not histologically apparent. Despite a pressing need for high-throughput, cost-effective mtDNA mutation profiling system, current methods for library preparation are still imperfect for detection of low prevalence heteroplasmic mutations. To this end, we have designed an ultra-deep amplicon-based sequencing library preparation approach that covers the entire mitochondrial genome. We sequenced mtDNA in 28 HNSCCs, matched LNs, surgical margins and bodily fluids, and applied multiregional sequencing approach on 14 primary tumors. Our results demonstrate that this quick, sensitive and cost-efficient method allows obtaining a snapshot on the mitochondrial heterogeneity, and can be used for detection of low frequency tumor-associated mtDNA mutations in LNs, sputum and serum specimens. These findings provide the foundation for using mitochondrial sequencing for risk assessment, early detection, and tumor surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian D Schubert
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Esther Channah Broner
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nishant Agrawal
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nyall London
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexander Pearson
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anuj Gupta
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Neha Wali
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tanguy Y Seiwert
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sarah Wheelan
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark Lingen
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kay Macleod
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hailey Allen
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aditi Chatterjee
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Saloura Vassiliki
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daria Gaykalova
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mohammad O Hoque
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Karthik Suresh
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Evgeny Izumchenko
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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28
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Higurashi M, Maruyama T, Nogami Y, Ishikawa F, Yoshida Y, Mori K, Fujita KI, Shibanuma M. High expression of FOXM1 critical for sustaining cell proliferation in mitochondrial DNA-less liver cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 2020; 389:111889. [PMID: 32032602 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.111889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The copy number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is decreased in most cancer types, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), compared to normal counterparts. However, a decrease in mtDNA usually leads to defects in cell proliferation, which contradicts the robustness of cancer cell proliferation. In this study, we found that four out of seven HCC cell lines were of the mtDNA-less type. Interestingly, FOXM1, a member of the FOX transcription factor family, was highly expressed in a subset of them with proliferative potential maintained. B-MYB, a partner of FOXM1, was also expressed in the same cell lines. RNAi-mediated experiments demonstrated that when FOXM1/B-MYB was silenced in the cell lines, cell cycle-related genes were downregulated, while p21Cip1 was induced with senescence-associated β-galactosidase, resulting in G1/S cell cycle arrest. These results suggest that high expression of FOXM1/B-MYB is critical for sustaining cell proliferation in mtDNA-less cells. In addition, we found that high expression of FOXM1 was mediated by the deubiquitinating enzyme, OTUB1, in one cell line. Thus, interference with FOXM1/B-MYB expression, such as through OTUB1 inhibition, may induce a dormant state of senescence-like proliferation arrest in mtDNA-less cancer cells. This finding may be utilized for the development of precision medicine for relevant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Higurashi
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Maruyama
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nogami
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Ishikawa
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Yukiko Yoshida
- Department of Advanced Science for Biomolecules, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Kazunori Mori
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Fujita
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Motoko Shibanuma
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.
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29
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Huangyang P, Li F, Lee P, Nissim I, Weljie AM, Mancuso A, Li B, Keith B, Yoon SS, Simon MC. Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphatase 2 Inhibits Sarcoma Progression by Restraining Mitochondrial Biogenesis. Cell Metab 2020; 31:174-188.e7. [PMID: 31761563 PMCID: PMC6949384 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The remarkable cellular and genetic heterogeneity of soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) limits the clinical benefit of targeted therapies. Here, we show that expression of the gluconeogenic isozyme fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 2 (FBP2) is silenced in a broad spectrum of sarcoma subtypes, revealing an apparent common metabolic feature shared by diverse STSs. Enforced FBP2 expression inhibits sarcoma cell and tumor growth through two distinct mechanisms. First, cytosolic FBP2 antagonizes elevated glycolysis associated with the "Warburg effect," thereby inhibiting sarcoma cell proliferation. Second, nuclear-localized FBP2 restrains mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration in a catalytic-activity-independent manner by inhibiting the expression of nuclear respiratory factor and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM). Specifically, nuclear FBP2 colocalizes with the c-Myc transcription factor at the TFAM locus and represses c-Myc-dependent TFAM expression. This unique dual function of FBP2 provides a rationale for its selective suppression in STSs, identifying a potential metabolic vulnerability of this malignancy and possible therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwei Huangyang
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Fuming Li
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Pearl Lee
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Itzhak Nissim
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Biochemistry, and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Aalim M Weljie
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Anthony Mancuso
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Brian Keith
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sam S Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - M Celeste Simon
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cell and Development Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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30
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Abstract
Apart from reliable management of the "powerhouse" of the cell, mitochondria faithfully orchestrate a diverse array of important and critical functions in governing cellular signaling, apoptosis, autophagy, mitophagy and innate and adaptive immune system. Introduction of instability and imbalance in the mitochondrial own genome or the nuclear encoded mitochondrial proteome would result in the manifestation of various diseases through alterations in the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) and nuclear-mitochondria retrograde signaling. Understanding mitochondrial biology and dynamism are thus of paramount importance to develop strategies to prevent or treat various diseases caused due to mitochondrial alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Dasgupta
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, USA
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31
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Alkhanjaf AAM, Raggiaschi R, Crawford M, Pinto G, Godovac‐Zimmermann J. Moonlighting Proteins and Cardiopathy in the Spatial Response of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells to Tamoxifen. Proteomics Clin Appl 2019; 13:e1900029. [PMID: 31282103 PMCID: PMC6771495 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201900029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to apply quantitative high-throughput proteomics methods to investigate dynamic aspects of protein changes in nucleocytoplasmic distribution of proteins and of total protein abundance for MCF-7 cells exposed to tamoxifen (Tam) in order to reveal the agonistic and antagonistic roles of the drug. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The MS-based global quantitative proteomics with the analysis of fractions enriched in target subcellular locations is applied to measure the changes in total abundance and in the compartmental abundance/distribution between the nucleus and cytoplasm for several thousand proteins differentially expressed in MCF-7 cells in response to Tam stimulation. RESULTS The response of MCF-7 cells to the Tam treatment shows significant changes in subcellular abundance rather than in their total abundance. The bioinformatics study reveals the relevance of moonlighting proteins and numerous pathways involved in Tam response of MCF-7 including some of which may explain the agonistic and antagonistic roles of the drug. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate possible protective role of Tam against cardiovascular diseases as well as its involvement in G-protein coupled receptors pathways that enhance breast tissue proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrab Ahmed M. Alkhanjaf
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell DynamicsDivision of MedicineSchool of Life and Medical SciencesUniversity College LondonNW3 2PFLondonUK
- Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Clinical Laboratory SciencesCollege of Applied Medical sciencesNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia
| | - Roberto Raggiaschi
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell DynamicsDivision of MedicineSchool of Life and Medical SciencesUniversity College LondonNW3 2PFLondonUK
| | - Mark Crawford
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell DynamicsDivision of MedicineSchool of Life and Medical SciencesUniversity College LondonNW3 2PFLondonUK
| | - Gabriella Pinto
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell DynamicsDivision of MedicineSchool of Life and Medical SciencesUniversity College LondonNW3 2PFLondonUK
- Department of Chemical SciencesUniversity of Naples Federico II80126NaplesItaly
| | - Jasminka Godovac‐Zimmermann
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell DynamicsDivision of MedicineSchool of Life and Medical SciencesUniversity College LondonNW3 2PFLondonUK
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Németh K, Darvasi O, Likó I, Szücs N, Czirják S, Reiniger L, Szabó B, Kurucz PA, Krokker L, Igaz P, Patócs A, Butz H. Next-generation sequencing identifies novel mitochondrial variants in pituitary adenomas. J Endocrinol Invest 2019; 42:931-940. [PMID: 30684245 PMCID: PMC6647476 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-019-1005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Disrupted mitochondrial functions and genetic variants of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been observed in different human neoplasms. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) can be used to detect even low heteroplasmy-level mtDNA variants. We aimed to investigate the mitochondrial genome in pituitary adenomas by NGS. METHODS We analysed 11 growth hormone producing and 33 non-functioning [22 gonadotroph and 11 hormone immunonegative] pituitary adenomas using VariantPro™ Mitochondrion Panel on Illumina MiSeq instrument. Revised Cambridge Reference Sequence (rCRS) of the mtDNA was used as reference. Heteroplasmy was determined using a 3% cutoff. RESULTS 496 variants were identified in pituitary adenomas with overall low level of heteroplasmy (7.22%). On average, 35 variants were detected per sample. Samples harbouring the highest number of variants had the highest Ki-67 indices independently of histological subtypes. We identified eight variants (A11251G, T4216C, T16126C, C15452A, T14798C, A188G, G185A, and T16093C) with different prevalences among different histological groups. T16189C was found in 40% of non-recurrent adenomas, while it was not present in the recurrent ones. T14798C and T4216C were confirmed by Sanger sequencing in all 44 samples. 100% concordance was found between NGS and Sanger method. CONCLUSIONS NGS is a reliable method for investigating mitochondrial genome and heteroplasmy in pituitary adenomas. Out of the 496 detected variants, 414 have not been previously reported in pituitary adenoma. The high number of mtDNA variants may contribute to adenoma genesis, and some variants (i.e., T16189C) might associate with benign behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Németh
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - O Darvasi
- "Lendulet" Hereditary Endocrine Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 46 Szentkiralyi Street, Budapest, H-1088, Hungary
| | - I Likó
- "Lendulet" Hereditary Endocrine Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 46 Szentkiralyi Street, Budapest, H-1088, Hungary
| | - N Szücs
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - S Czirják
- National Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - L Reiniger
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - B Szabó
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - P A Kurucz
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - L Krokker
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - P Igaz
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A Patócs
- "Lendulet" Hereditary Endocrine Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 46 Szentkiralyi Street, Budapest, H-1088, Hungary
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - H Butz
- "Lendulet" Hereditary Endocrine Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 46 Szentkiralyi Street, Budapest, H-1088, Hungary.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Kosmider B, Lin CR, Karim L, Tomar D, Vlasenko L, Marchetti N, Bolla S, Madesh M, Criner GJ, Bahmed K. Mitochondrial dysfunction in human primary alveolar type II cells in emphysema. EBioMedicine 2019; 46:305-316. [PMID: 31383554 PMCID: PMC6711885 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette smoke is the main risk factor of pulmonary emphysema development, which is characterized by alveolar wall destruction. Mitochondria are important for alveolar type II (ATII) cell metabolism due to ATP generation. METHODS We isolated ATII cells from control non-smoker and smoker organ donors, and after lung transplant of patients with emphysema to determine mitochondrial function, dynamics and mitochondrial (mt) DNA damage. FINDINGS We found high mitochondrial superoxide generation and mtDNA damage in ATII cells in emphysema. This correlated with decreased mtDNA amount. We also detected high TOP1-cc and low TDP1 levels in mitochondria in ATII cells in emphysema. This contributed to the decreased resolution of TOP1-cc leading to accumulation of mtDNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, we used lung tissue obtained from areas with mild and severe emphysema from the same patients. We found a correlation between the impaired fusion and fission as indicated by low MFN1, OPA1, FIS1, and p-DRP1 levels and this disease severity. We detected lower TDP1 expression in severe compared to mild emphysema. INTERPRETATION We found high DNA damage and impairment of DNA damage repair in mitochondria in ATII cells isolated from emphysema patients, which contribute to abnormal mitochondrial dynamics. Our findings provide molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in this disease. FUND: This work was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant R01 HL118171 (B.K.) and the Catalyst Award from the American Lung Association (K.B.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Kosmider
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States of America; Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States of America; Department of Physiology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States of America.
| | - Chih-Ru Lin
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States of America; Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States of America
| | - Loukmane Karim
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States of America; Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States of America
| | - Dhanendra Tomar
- Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States of America
| | - Liudmila Vlasenko
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States of America; Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States of America
| | - Nathaniel Marchetti
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States of America; Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States of America
| | - Sudhir Bolla
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States of America
| | - Muniswamy Madesh
- Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States of America
| | - Gerard J Criner
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States of America; Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States of America
| | - Karim Bahmed
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States of America; Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States of America.
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Alkhanjaf AAM, Raggiaschi R, Crawford M, Pinto G, Godovac-Zimmermann J. Moonlighting Proteins and Cardiopathy in the Spatial Response of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells to Tamoxifen. PROTEOMICS. CLINICAL APPLICATIONS 2019. [PMID: 31282103 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201900029,] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to apply quantitative high-throughput proteomics methods to investigate dynamic aspects of protein changes in nucleocytoplasmic distribution of proteins and of total protein abundance for MCF-7 cells exposed to tamoxifen (Tam) in order to reveal the agonistic and antagonistic roles of the drug. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The MS-based global quantitative proteomics with the analysis of fractions enriched in target subcellular locations is applied to measure the changes in total abundance and in the compartmental abundance/distribution between the nucleus and cytoplasm for several thousand proteins differentially expressed in MCF-7 cells in response to Tam stimulation. RESULTS The response of MCF-7 cells to the Tam treatment shows significant changes in subcellular abundance rather than in their total abundance. The bioinformatics study reveals the relevance of moonlighting proteins and numerous pathways involved in Tam response of MCF-7 including some of which may explain the agonistic and antagonistic roles of the drug. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate possible protective role of Tam against cardiovascular diseases as well as its involvement in G-protein coupled receptors pathways that enhance breast tissue proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrab Ahmed M Alkhanjaf
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Dynamics, Division of Medicine, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University College London, NW3 2PF, London, UK.,Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical sciences, Najran University, Najran, 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roberto Raggiaschi
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Dynamics, Division of Medicine, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University College London, NW3 2PF, London, UK
| | - Mark Crawford
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Dynamics, Division of Medicine, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University College London, NW3 2PF, London, UK
| | - Gabriella Pinto
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Dynamics, Division of Medicine, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University College London, NW3 2PF, London, UK.,Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Jasminka Godovac-Zimmermann
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Dynamics, Division of Medicine, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University College London, NW3 2PF, London, UK
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Fang T, Wang M, Xiao H, Wei X. Mitochondrial dysfunction and chronic lung disease. Cell Biol Toxicol 2019; 35:493-502. [PMID: 31119467 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-019-09473-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The functions of body gradually decrease as the age increases, leading to a higher frequency of incidence of age-related diseases. Diseases associated with aging in the respiratory system include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), IPF (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis), asthma, lung cancer, and so on. The mitochondrial dysfunction is not only a sign of aging, but also is a disease trigger. This article aims to explain mitochondrial dysfunction as an aging marker, and its role in aging diseases of lung. We also discuss whether the mitochondria can be used as a target for the treatment of aging lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Fang
- Lab of Aging Research and Nanotoxicology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Manni Wang
- Lab of Aging Research and Nanotoxicology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hengyi Xiao
- Lab of Aging Research and Nanotoxicology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Lab of Aging Research and Nanotoxicology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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36
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Lin WR, Chiang JM, Lim SN, Su MY, Chen TH, Huang SW, Chen CW, Wu RC, Tsai CL, Lin YH, Alison MR, Hsieh SY, Yu JS, Chiu CT, Yeh CT. Dynamic bioenergetic alterations in colorectal adenomatous polyps and adenocarcinomas. EBioMedicine 2019; 44:334-345. [PMID: 31122841 PMCID: PMC6606928 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Energy metabolism in carcinogenesis is poorly understood. It is widely accepted the majority of colorectal cancers (CRCs) arise from adenomatous polyps (APs). We aimed to characterize the bioenergetic alterations in APs and CRCs. METHODS Fifty-six APs, 93 CRCs and adjacent normal mucosae were tested. Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was measured representing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos), and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR)was measured representing glycolysis. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants and mutations were studied. Over-expressed metabolic genes in APs were identified by microarray and validated by qRT-PCR, Western blots and immunohistochemistry. Identified genes were knocked down in WiDr and colo205 CRC cell lines, and their expression was analyzed in APs/CRCs with enhanced glycolysis. FINDINGS ECAR, not OCR, was significantly increased in APs. While no difference of ECAR was found between CRCs and normal mucosae, OCR was significantly reduced in CRCs. OCR/ECAR ratio was decreased in APs over 1 cm, APs with a villous component and CRCs, indicating their glycolytic tendencies. The number of mtDNA mutations was increased in APs and CRCs, but not correlated with metabolic profiles. Two metabolic genes ALDOB and SLC16A4 were up-regulated in APs. Both ALDOB-knockdown and SLC16A4-knockdown CRC cell lines showed increased basal motichondrial OxPhos and decreased basal glycolysis. Moreover, the increase of mitochondrial ATP-linked respiration and the decrease of glycolytic capacity were showed in SLC16A4-knockdown cells. Finally, APs/CRCs with enhanced glycolysis had increased SLC16A4 expression. INTERPRETATION ATP production shifts from OxPhos to glycolysis in the process of AP enlargement and villous transformation. OxPhos defects are present in CRCs but not in APs. APs and CRCs tend to accumulate mtDNA mutations, but these are not correlated with bioenergetic profiles. Finally, the ALDOB and SLC16A4 may contribute to the glycolytic shift in APs/CRCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wey-Ran Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Liver Research Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Jy-Ming Chiang
- Department of Proctology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Siew-Na Lim
- Department of Neurology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yao Su
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wei Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Chin Wu
- Department of Pathology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lung Tsai
- Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Hsiang Lin
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Liver Research Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Malcolm R Alison
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Sen-Yung Hsieh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Song Yu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Tang Chiu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Liver Research Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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37
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Zhao C, Huang D, Li R, Xu J, Gu Q, Xu J. Discovery of new inhibitors against both NF-κB and osteoclastogenesis from in-house library with α, β-unsaturated-enone fragment. Bioorg Chem 2019; 87:638-646. [PMID: 30947099 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The α,β-unsaturated-enone contained natural products have been reported showing NF-κB inhibition effect. It is well known that NF-κB inhibitors can also be used to inhibit osteoclastogenesis. In a continual discovery new agents for anti-osteoclastogenesis, 8 different type compounds with α,β-unsaturated-enone fragments from our in-house library were evaluated for NF-κB inhibition and anti-osteoclastogenesis. Experimental results indicated five compounds exhibited inhibition of NF-κB signal pathway. Among them, one compound ((E)-2-(4-fluorobenzylidene)-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one, 6a) simultaneously inhibits both osteoclastogenesis and NF-κB signal pathway. Furthermore, 12 compounds with similar scaffold with 6a were tested for anti-osteoclastogenesis. As a result, 9 compounds inhibited both NF-κB and osteoclastogenesis. Among them, compound 6b is the most potent inhibitor against NF-κB (IC50 = 2.09 μM) and osteoclast differentiation (IC50 = 0.86 μM). Further studies show that compound 6b blocks the phosphorylation of both p65 and IκBα, and suppresses NF-κB targeted gene expression without interfering MAPKs and PI3K/Akt signal transduction pathways. This study demonstrates that we can identify promising synthesized compounds with new scaffolds as therapeutic solutions against osteoclastogenesis inspired by the privileged fragment derived from natural leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhao
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Dane Huang
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of T. C. M., Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510095, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyue Li
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of T. C. M., Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510095, People's Republic of China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiake Xu
- Molecular Laboratory, School of Biomedical Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Qiong Gu
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Xu
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China; School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, 99 Yingbin Road, Jiangmen 529020, People's Republic of China.
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Nakai T, Sakurada A, Endo T, Kobayashi H, Masuda S, Makishima M, Esumi M. Caution for simple sequence repeat number variation in the mitochondrial DNA D-loop to determine cancer-specific variants. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:1883-1888. [PMID: 30675251 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) displacement loop (D-loop) is often altered in various cancer types, including with regard to simple sequence repeat number variation (SSRNV), which includes the C-tract and CA-tract. However, because of mitochondrial heteroplasmy and slippage errors by the Taq DNA polymerase used in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, it is difficult to precisely evaluate mtDNA D-loop SSRNV experimentally. In this study, to precisely determine cancer-specific variants in mtDNA SSRNV, various microscopic portions of cancerous tissues and normal control tissues were obtained from a patient with breast cancer, followed by laser-capture microdissection of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens. Regions containing (CA)7 repeats (positions 514-523) and (C)8 repeats (positions 303-315) of the mitochondria DNA D-loop were amplified and sequenced. Variant signals of mtDNA SSRs of (CA)7 and (C)8 were observed in normal and cancerous tissues, with the content of minor alleles (CA)6 and (C)7/(C)9 differing among samples. These results were confirmed by PCR using various primers and proofreading DNA polymerases. PCR of genomic SSRs of (CA)7 in the NAALD2 gene and (C)8 in the BMP6 gene showed a simple repeat in all samples that was different from the observed mtDNA SSRNV. The present study suggests a reliable procedure for determining cancer-specific variants in mtDNA SSRNV: Using a proofreading DNA polymerase for PCR, the background of slippage by PCR is determined by PCR of the same genomic sequence as the target. Due to the varied heteroplasmy level of mtDNA SSRNV among normal tissues, the second background of polymorphic variations should be determined by several normal tissue DNA as PCR templates. Finally, the cancer-specific variant, including its variation frequency, is determined by subtracting the two background signals from the variant signals in cancer. However, care must be taken, as normal heteroplasmy drifts observed in mtDNA SSRNV may complicate such estimations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tokiko Nakai
- Division of Oncologic Pathology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Akihisa Sakurada
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Toshihide Endo
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Hiroko Kobayashi
- Division of Oncologic Pathology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Shinobu Masuda
- Division of Oncologic Pathology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Makoto Makishima
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Mariko Esumi
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
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Yahyapour R, Salajegheh A, Safari A, Amini P, Rezaeyan A, Amraee A, Najafi M. Radiation-induced Non-targeted Effect and Carcinogenesis; Implications in Clinical Radiotherapy. J Biomed Phys Eng 2018; 8:435-446. [PMID: 30568933 PMCID: PMC6280111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Bystander or non-targeted effect is known to be an interesting phenomenon in radiobiology. The genetic consequences of bystander effect on non-irradiated cells have shown that this phenomenon can be considered as one of the most important factors involved in secondary cancer after exposure to ionizing radiation. Every year, millions of people around the world undergo radiotherapy in order to cure different types of cancers. The most crucial aim of radiotherapy is to improve treatment efficiency by reducing early and late effects of exposure to clinical doses of radiation. Secondary cancer induction resulted from exposure to high doses of radiation during treatment can reduce the effectiveness of this modality for cancer treatment. The perception of carcinogenesis risk of bystander effects and factors involved in this phenomenon might help reduce secondary cancer incidence years after radiotherapy. Different modalities such as radiation LET, dose and dose rate, fractionation, types of tissue, gender of patients, etc. may be involved in carcinogenesis risk of bystander effects. Therefore, selecting an appropriate treatment modality may improve cost-effectiveness of radiation therapy as well as the quality of life in survived patients. In this review, we first focus on the carcinogenesis evidence of non-targeted effects in radiotherapy and then review physical and biological factors that may influence the risk of secondary cancer induced by this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Yahyapour
- School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - A. Salajegheh
- Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - A. Safari
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - P. Amini
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Rezaeyan
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Amraee
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Iran
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Baker KT, Nachmanson D, Kumar S, Emond MJ, Ussakli C, Brentnall TA, Kennedy SR, Risques RA. Mitochondrial DNA Mutations are Associated with Ulcerative Colitis Preneoplasia but Tend to be Negatively Selected in Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 17:488-498. [PMID: 30446624 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in cancer remains controversial. Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease that increases the risk of colorectal cancer and involves mitochondrial dysfunction, making it an ideal model to study the role of mtDNA in tumorigenesis. Our goal was to comprehensively characterize mtDNA mutations in ulcerative colitis tumorigenesis using Duplex Sequencing, an ultra-accurate next-generation sequencing method. We analyzed 46 colon biopsies from non-ulcerative colitis control patients and ulcerative colitis patients with and without cancer, including biopsies at all stages of dysplastic progression. mtDNA was sequenced at a median depth of 1,364x. Mutations were classified by mutant allele frequency: clonal > 0.95, subclonal 0.01-0.95, and very low frequency (VLF) < 0.01. We identified 208 clonal and subclonal mutations and 56,764 VLF mutations. Mutations were randomly distributed across the mitochondrial genome. Clonal and subclonal mutations increased in number and pathogenicity in early dysplasia, but decreased in number and pathogenicity in cancer. Most clonal, subclonal, and VLF mutations were C>T transitions in the heavy strand of mtDNA, which likely arise from DNA replication errors. A subset of VLF mutations were C>A transversions, which are probably due to oxidative damage. VLF transitions and indels were less abundant in the non-D-loop region and decreased with progression. Our results indicate that mtDNA mutations are frequent in ulcerative colitis preneoplasia but negatively selected in cancers. IMPLICATIONS: While mtDNA mutations might contribute to early ulcerative colitis tumorigenesis, they appear to be selected against in cancer, suggesting that functional mitochondria might be required for malignant transformation in ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn T Baker
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Shilpa Kumar
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Mary J Emond
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Cigdem Ussakli
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Teresa A Brentnall
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Scott R Kennedy
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Rosa Ana Risques
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
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Wallace L, Cherian AM, Adamson P, Bari S, Banerjee S, Flood M, Simien M, Yao X, Aikhionbare FO. Comparison of Pre- and Post-translational Expressions of COXIV-1 and MT-ATPase 6 Genes in Colorectal Adenoma-Carcinoma Tissues. JOURNAL OF CARCINOGENESIS & MUTAGENESIS 2018; 9:319. [PMID: 30393577 PMCID: PMC6214464 DOI: 10.4172/2157-2518.1000319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Colorectal cancer (CRC) develops from precancerous adenomatous polyps to malignant lesions of adenocarcinoma. Elucidating inhibition mechanisms for this route in patients with a risk of developing CRC is highly important for a potential diagnostic or prognostic marker. Differential expression of nuclear-encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 (COXIV) seems to contribute to a more unregulated respiration due to loss of ATP inhibition. Majority of energy for tumor transformations are mitochondrial origin. Differences in mitochondrial efficiency may be reflected in the progression of colorectal adenomatous polyps to adenocarcinomas. Here, we evaluate expression levels of COXIV isoform 1 (COXIV-1) and Mitochondrial (MT)-ATP synthase Subunit 6 (ATPase6) in adenomas of tubular, tubulovillous and villous tissues as compared to adenocarcinoma tissues. METHOD Both RT-qPCR and western blot techniques were used to assess COXIV-1 and ATPase6 expression levels in 42 pairs of patients' tissue samples. Protein carbonyl assay was performed to determine levels of oxidized proteins, as a measurement of ROS productions, in the tissue samples. RESULTS Differential RNA expression levels of COXIV-1 and ATPase6 from whole tissues were observed. Interestingly, RNA expression levels obtained from mitochondrial for COXIV-1 were significantly decreased in tubulovillous, villous adenomas and adenocarcinoma, but not in the tubular-polyps. Moreover, mitochondrial ATPase6 RNA expression levels decreased progressively from adenopolyps to adenocarcinoma. In mitochondrial protein, expression levels of both genes progressively decreased with a three folds from adenomatous polyps to adenocarcinoma. Whilst the ATPase6 protein expression significantly decreased in adenocarcinoma compared to villous, conversely, the levels of oxidized carbonyl proteins were considerably increased from adenomatous polyps to adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSION Our findings provide evidence that decreased mitochondrial protein expression of COXIV-1 and ATPase6 correlates with increased ROS production during colorectal adenomatous polyps' progression, suggesting the pivotal role of COXIV-1 in energy metabolism of colorectal cells as they progress from polyps to carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- LaShanale Wallace
- Department of Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Dr. SW Atlanta, GA 30310-1495, USA
| | - Anju M Cherian
- Department of Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Dr. SW Atlanta, GA 30310-1495, USA
| | - Paula Adamson
- Department of Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Dr. SW Atlanta, GA 30310-1495, USA
| | - Shahla Bari
- Department of Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Dr. SW Atlanta, GA 30310-1495, USA
| | - Saswati Banerjee
- Department of Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Dr. SW Atlanta, GA 30310-1495, USA
| | - Michael Flood
- Department of Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Dr. SW Atlanta, GA 30310-1495, USA
| | - Melvin Simien
- Department of Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Dr. SW Atlanta, GA 30310-1495, USA
| | - Xuebiao Yao
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Dr. SW Atlanta, GA 30310-1495, USA
| | - Felix O Aikhionbare
- Department of Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Dr. SW Atlanta, GA 30310-1495, USA
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Prieto-Bermejo R, Romo-González M, Pérez-Fernández A, Ijurko C, Hernández-Hernández Á. Reactive oxygen species in haematopoiesis: leukaemic cells take a walk on the wild side. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:125. [PMID: 29940987 PMCID: PMC6019308 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0797-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is related to ageing and degenerative diseases, including cancer. However, a moderate amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is required for the regulation of cellular signalling and gene expression. A low level of ROS is important for maintaining quiescence and the differentiation potential of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), whereas the level of ROS increases during haematopoietic differentiation; thus, suggesting the importance of redox signalling in haematopoiesis. Here, we will analyse the importance of ROS for haematopoiesis and include evidence showing that cells from leukaemia patients live under oxidative stress. The potential sources of ROS will be described. Finally, the level of oxidative stress in leukaemic cells can also be harnessed for therapeutic purposes. In this regard, the reliance of front-line anti-leukaemia chemotherapeutics on increased levels of ROS for their mechanism of action, as well as the active search for novel compounds that modulate the redox state of leukaemic cells, will be analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Prieto-Bermejo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Lab. 122, Edificio Departamental, Plaza Doctores de la Reina s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,IBSAL (Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marta Romo-González
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Lab. 122, Edificio Departamental, Plaza Doctores de la Reina s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,IBSAL (Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alejandro Pérez-Fernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Lab. 122, Edificio Departamental, Plaza Doctores de la Reina s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,IBSAL (Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carla Ijurko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Lab. 122, Edificio Departamental, Plaza Doctores de la Reina s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,IBSAL (Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ángel Hernández-Hernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Lab. 122, Edificio Departamental, Plaza Doctores de la Reina s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain. .,IBSAL (Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain.
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43
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Alameddine AK, Conlin FT, Binnall BJ, Alameddine YA, Alameddine KO. How do cancer cells replenish their fuel supply? Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2018; 1:e1003. [PMID: 32729259 PMCID: PMC7941513 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple genetic changes, availability of cellular nutrients and metabolic alterations play a pivotal role in oncogenesis AIMS: We focus on cancer cell's metabolic properties, and we outline the cross talks between cellular oncogenic growth pathways in cancer metabolism. The review also provides a synopsis of the relevant cancer drugs targeting metabolic activities that are at various stages of clinical development. METHODS We review literature published within the last decade to include select articles that have highlighted energy metabolism crucial to the development of cancer phenotypes. RESULTS Cancer cells maintain their potent metabolism and keep a balanced redox status by enhancing glycolysis and autophagy and rerouting Krebs cycle intermediates and products of β-oxydation. CONCLUSIONS The processes underlying cancer pathogenesis are extremely complex and remain elusive. The new field of systems biology provides a mathematical framework in which these homeostatic dysregulation principles may be examined for better understanding of cancer phenotypes. Knowledge of key players in cancer-related metabolic reprograming may pave the way for new therapeutic metabolism-targeted drugs and ultimately improve patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frederick T. Conlin
- AnesthesiologyBaystate Medical CenterSpringfieldMAUSA
- University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Brian J. Binnall
- Division of Cardiac SurgeryBaystate Medical CenterSpringfieldMAUSA
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Wang L, Lv H, Ji P, Zhu X, Yuan H, Jin G, Dai J, Hu Z, Su Y, Ma H. Mitochondrial DNA copy number is associated with risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in Chinese population. Cancer Med 2018; 7:2776-2782. [PMID: 29673117 PMCID: PMC6010846 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria show the special role in cellular bioenergy and many essential physiological activities. Previous researches have suggested that variations of mitochondrial DNA copy number contribute to development of different types of carcinomas. However, the relationship of mtDNA copy number in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) with the risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is still inconclusive. We investigated the association of mtDNA with HNSCC risk through a case-control study including 570 HNSCC cases and 597 cancer-free controls. mtDNA copy number in PBLs was measured by real-time qPCR. Logistic regression was performed to estimate the association between the mtDNA copy number in PBLs and HNSCC risk. A U-shaped relation between the mtDNA copy number and HNSCC risk was found. Compared with those in the second quartile group, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for those in the first and the forth quartile groups were 1.95 (1.37-2.76) and 2.16 (1.53-3.04), respectively. Using restricted cubic spline analysis, we confirmed such a significant U-shaped relation. Furthermore, the U-shaped association remained significant in different subgroups stratified by age, gender, tobacco smoking, and alcohol consumption. Both extremely low and high mtDNA copy numbers had significant associations with the increased HNSCC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Wang
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Hong Lv
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Pei Ji
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Hua Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing210029China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center of Cancer MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Juncheng Dai
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center of Cancer MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center of Cancer MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Yuxiong Su
- Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryFaculty of DentistryThe University of Hong KongHong Kong
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center of Cancer MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
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45
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Depression, telomeres and mitochondrial DNA: between- and within-person associations from a 10-year longitudinal study. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:850-857. [PMID: 28348385 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in cellular aging, indexed by leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), might partly account for the increased health risks in persons with depression. Although some studies indeed found cross-sectional associations of depression with LTL and mtDNAcn, the longitudinal associations remain unclear. This 10-year longitudinal study examined between- and within-person associations of depressive symptoms with LTL and mtDNAcn in a large community sample. Data are from years 15, 20 and 25 follow-up evaluations in 977 subjects from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study. Depressive symptoms (years 15, 20, 25) were assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale; LTL (years 15, 20, 25) and mtDNAcn (years 15, 25) were measured in whole blood by quantitative PCR. With mixed-model analyses, we explored between- and within-person associations between CES-D scores and cellular aging markers. Results showed that high levels of depressive symptomatology throughout the 10-year time span was associated with shorter average LTL over 10 years (B=-4.2; P=0.014) after covarying for age, sex, race and education. However, no within-person association was found between depressive symptoms and LTL at each year (B=-0.8; P=0.548). Further, we found no between-person (B=-0.2; P=0.744) or within-person (B=0.4; P=0.497) associations between depressive symptomatology and mtDNAcn. Our results provide evidence for a long-term, between-person relationship of depressive symptoms with LTL, rather than a dynamic and direct within-person relationship. In this study, we found no evidence for an association between depressive symptoms and mtDNAcn.
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Baker KT, Salk JJ, Brentnall TA, Risques RA. Precancer in ulcerative colitis: the role of the field effect and its clinical implications. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:11-20. [PMID: 29087436 PMCID: PMC6248676 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cumulative evidence indicates that a significant proportion of cancer evolution may occur before the development of histological abnormalities. While recent improvements in DNA sequencing technology have begun to reveal the presence of these early preneoplastic clones, the concept of 'premalignant field' was already introduced by Slaughter more than half a century ago. Also referred to as 'field effect', 'field defect' or 'field cancerization', these terms describe the phenomenon by which molecular alterations develop in normal-appearing tissue and expand to form premalignant patches with the potential to progress to dysplasia and cancer. Field effects have been well-characterized in ulcerative colitis, an inflammatory bowel disease that increases the risk of colorectal cancer. The study of the molecular alterations that define these fields is informative of mechanisms of tumor initiation and progression and has provided potential targets for early cancer detection. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge about the molecular alterations that comprise the field effect in ulcerative colitis and the clinical utility of these fields for cancer screening and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn T Baker
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jesse J Salk
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of
Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- TwinStrand Biosciences Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Teresa A Brentnall
- Division of Gasteroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of
Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rosa Ana Risques
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +206-616-4976; Fax:
+206-543-1140;
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47
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Yahyapour R, Motevaseli E, Rezaeyan A, Abdollahi H, Farhood B, Cheki M, Rezapoor S, Shabeeb D, Musa AE, Najafi M, Villa V. Reduction–oxidation (redox) system in radiation-induced normal tissue injury: molecular mechanisms and implications in radiation therapeutics. Clin Transl Oncol 2018; 20:975-988. [DOI: 10.1007/s12094-017-1828-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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48
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Mohamed Yusoff AA, Zulfakhar FN, Mohd Khair SZN, Wan Abdullah WS, Abdullah JM, Idris Z. Mitochondrial 10398A>G NADH-Dehydrogenase Subunit 3 of Complex I Is Frequently Altered in Intra-Axial Brain Tumors in Malaysia. Brain Tumor Res Treat 2018; 6:31-38. [PMID: 29717568 PMCID: PMC5932297 DOI: 10.14791/btrt.2018.6.e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondria are major cellular sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation which can induce mitochondrial DNA damage and lead to carcinogenesis. The mitochondrial 10398A>G alteration in NADH-dehydrogenase subunit 3 (ND3) can severely impair complex I, a key component of ROS production in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Alteration in ND3 10398A>G has been reported to be linked with diverse neurodegenerative disorders and cancers. The aim of this study was to find out the association of mitochondrial ND3 10398A>G alteration in brain tumor of Malaysian patients. Methods Brain tumor tissues and corresponding blood specimens were obtained from 45 patients. The ND3 10398A>G alteration at target codon 114 was detected using the PCR-RFLP analysis and later was confirmed by DNA sequencing. Results Twenty-six (57.8%) patients showed ND3 10398A>G mutation in their tumor specimens, in which 26.9% of these mutations were heterozygous mutations. ND3 10398A>G mutation was not significantly correlated with age, gender, and histological tumor grade, however was found more frequently in intra-axial than in extra-axial tumors (62.5% vs. 46.2%, p<0.01). Conclusion For the first time, we have been able to describe the occurrence of ND3 10398A>G mutations in a Malaysian brain tumor population. It can be concluded that mitochondrial ND3 10398A>G alteration is frequently present in brain tumors among Malaysian population and it shows an impact on the intra-axial tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Aziz Mohamed Yusoff
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Fatin Najwa Zulfakhar
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | | - Wan Salihah Wan Abdullah
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Jafri Malin Abdullah
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kelantan, Malaysia.,Center for Neuroscience Services and Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zamzuri Idris
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Creed J, Klotz L, Harbottle A, Maggrah A, Reguly B, George A, Gnanapragasm V. A single mitochondrial DNA deletion accurately detects significant prostate cancer in men in the PSA 'grey zone'. World J Urol 2017; 36:341-348. [PMID: 29248950 PMCID: PMC5846823 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-017-2152-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the clinical performance of a blood-based test for clinically significant (CS) prostate cancer (PCa) (grade group ≥ 2) intended for use in men with prostate serum antigen levels in the ‘grey zone’ (PSA < 10 ng/ml). The test quantifies a previously described 3.4 kb mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletion. Methods In a first prospective study of an MRI-guided re-biopsy population (n = 126), the 3.4 kb deletion and 18S rRNA gene were amplified from plasma. A diagnostic threshold was selected from the coordinates of the receiver operating characteristic curve and tested in a second population of men who were (n = 92) biopsy naïve when the mtDNA deletion was assayed and for whom those diagnosed with cancer on initial biopsy were treated with radical prostatectomy. Results The 3.4 kb deletion was a good predictor of CS PCa in the image-guided re-biopsy population [AUC 0.84, (95% CI 0.73–0.95)] and the selected threshold corresponded to a sensitivity of 87% [95% CI, 70–96%], specificity of 68% [95% CI, 47–85%] and negative predictive value (NPV) of 97%. Applying this threshold to the second population showed this deletion to be a strong predictor of CS cancer [AUC 0.98, (95% CI 0.94–1.02)], independent of PSA or age [sensitivity 100% (95% CI, 93–100%), specificity 90% (95%CI 73–98%) and NPV 100%]. Conclusion The 3.4 kb deletion in plasma is an accurate predictor of CS cancer for men in the PSA ‘grey zone’. Used in advance of biopsy for improved patient selection, this deletion may reduce the number of biopsies needed to diagnose CS prostate cancers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00345-017-2152-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Creed
- MDNA Life Sciences UK Ltd, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. .,MDNA Life Sciences Inc, 2054 Vista Parkway, Suite 400, West Palm Beach, FL, 33411, USA.
| | - Laurence Klotz
- Division of Urology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andrew Harbottle
- MDNA Life Sciences UK Ltd, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,MDNA Life Sciences Inc, 2054 Vista Parkway, Suite 400, West Palm Beach, FL, 33411, USA
| | - Andrea Maggrah
- MDNA Life Sciences UK Ltd, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,MDNA Life Sciences Inc, 2054 Vista Parkway, Suite 400, West Palm Beach, FL, 33411, USA
| | - Brian Reguly
- MDNA Life Sciences Inc, 2054 Vista Parkway, Suite 400, West Palm Beach, FL, 33411, USA
| | - Anne George
- Cambridge Urology Translational Research and Clinical Trials, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vincent Gnanapragasm
- Academic Urology Group, Department of Surgery and Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Cambridge Urology Translational Research and Clinical Trials, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
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50
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Friend or foe? Mitochondria as a pharmacological target in cancer treatment. Future Med Chem 2017; 9:2197-2210. [PMID: 29182013 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria have acquired numerous functions over the course of evolution, such as those involved in controlling energy production, cellular metabolism, cell survival, apoptosis and autophagy within host cells. Tumor cells can develop defects in mitochondrial function, presenting a potential strategy for designing selective anticancer therapies. Therefore, cancer has been the main focus of recent research to uncover possible mitochondrial targets for therapeutic benefit. This comprehensive review covers not only the recent discoveries of the roles of mitochondria in cancer development, progression and therapeutic implications but also the findings regarding emerging mitochondrial therapeutic targets and mitochondria-targeted agents. Current challenges and future directions for developments and applications of mitochondrial-targeted therapeutics are also discussed.
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