1
|
Bennett JJR, Stern AD, Zhang X, Birtwistle MR, Pandey G. Low-frequency ERK and Akt activity dynamics are predictive of stochastic cell division events. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2024; 10:65. [PMID: 38834572 PMCID: PMC11150372 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-024-00389-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of intracellular signaling pathways, such as ERK1/2 (ERK) and Akt1/2 (Akt), in the context of cell fate decisions is important for advancing our knowledge of cellular processes and diseases, particularly cancer. While previous studies have established associations between ERK and Akt activities and proliferative cell fate, the heterogeneity of single-cell responses adds complexity to this understanding. This study employed a data-driven approach to address this challenge, developing machine learning models trained on a dataset of growth factor-induced ERK and Akt activity time courses in single cells, to predict cell division events. The most predictive models were developed by applying discrete wavelet transforms (DWTs) to extract low-frequency features from the time courses, followed by using Ensemble Integration, a data integration and predictive modeling framework. The results demonstrated that these models effectively predicted cell division events in MCF10A cells (F-measure=0.524, AUC=0.726). ERK dynamics were found to be more predictive than Akt, but the combination of both measurements further enhanced predictive performance. The ERK model`s performance also generalized to predicting division events in RPE cells, indicating the potential applicability of these models and our data-driven methodology for predicting cell division across different biological contexts. Interpretation of these models suggested that ERK dynamics throughout the cell cycle, rather than immediately after growth factor stimulation, were associated with the likelihood of cell division. Overall, this work contributes insights into the predictive power of intra-cellular signaling dynamics for cell fate decisions, and highlights the potential of machine learning approaches in unraveling complex cellular behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie J R Bennett
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alan D Stern
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Marc R Birtwistle
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.
| | - Gaurav Pandey
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang X, Wang P, Liao Y, Zhao X, Hou R, Li S, Guan Z, Jin Y, Ma W, Liu D, Zheng J, Shi M. Expand available targets for CAR-T therapy to overcome tumor drug resistance based on the "Evolutionary Traps". Pharmacol Res 2024; 204:107221. [PMID: 38768669 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Based on the concept of "Evolutionary Traps", targeting survival essential genes obtained during tumor drug resistance can effectively eliminate resistant cells. While, it still faces limitations. In this study, lapatinib-resistant cells were used to test the concept of "Evolutionary Traps" and no suitable target stand out because of the identified genes without accessible drug. However, a membrane protein PDPN, which is low or non-expressed in normal tissues, is identified as highly expressed in lapatinib-resistant tumor cells. PDPN CAR-T cells were developed and showed high cytotoxicity against lapatinib-resistant tumor cells in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that CAR-T may be a feasible route for overcoming drug resistance of tumor based on "Evolutionary Trap". To test whether this concept is cell line or drug dependent, we analyzed 21 drug-resistant tumor cell expression profiles reveal that JAG1, GPC3, and L1CAM, which are suitable targets for CAR-T treatment, are significantly upregulated in various drug-resistant tumor cells. Our findings shed light on the feasibility of utilizing CAR-T therapy to treat drug-resistant tumors and broaden the concept of the "Evolutionary Trap".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Pu Wang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Ying Liao
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Rui Hou
- College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sijin Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Zhangchun Guan
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Yuhang Jin
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Wen Ma
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
| | - Ming Shi
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hayes TK, Aquilanti E, Persky NS, Yang X, Kim EE, Brenan L, Goodale AB, Alan D, Sharpe T, Shue RE, Westlake L, Golomb L, Silverman BR, Morris MD, Fisher TR, Beyene E, Li YY, Cherniack AD, Piccioni F, Hicks JK, Chi AS, Cahill DP, Dietrich J, Batchelor TT, Root DE, Johannessen CM, Meyerson M. Comprehensive mutational scanning of EGFR reveals TKI sensitivities of extracellular domain mutants. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2742. [PMID: 38548752 PMCID: PMC10978866 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45594-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR, is frequently activated in lung cancer and glioblastoma by genomic alterations including missense mutations. The different mutation spectra in these diseases are reflected in divergent responses to EGFR inhibition: significant patient benefit in lung cancer, but limited in glioblastoma. Here, we report a comprehensive mutational analysis of EGFR function. We perform saturation mutagenesis of EGFR and assess function of ~22,500 variants in a human EGFR-dependent lung cancer cell line. This approach reveals enrichment of erlotinib-insensitive variants of known and unknown significance in the dimerization, transmembrane, and kinase domains. Multiple EGFR extracellular domain variants, not associated with approved targeted therapies, are sensitive to afatinib and dacomitinib in vitro. Two glioblastoma patients with somatic EGFR G598V dimerization domain mutations show responses to dacomitinib treatment followed by within-pathway resistance mutation in one case. In summary, this comprehensive screen expands the landscape of functional EGFR variants and suggests broader clinical investigation of EGFR inhibition for cancers harboring extracellular domain mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tikvah K Hayes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elisa Aquilanti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nicole S Persky
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Aera Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Erica E Kim
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lisa Brenan
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Amy B Goodale
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Douglas Alan
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ted Sharpe
- Data Science Platform, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert E Shue
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lindsay Westlake
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lior Golomb
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Brianna R Silverman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Myshal D Morris
- Summer Honors Undergraduate Research Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ty Running Fisher
- Summer Honors Undergraduate Research Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eden Beyene
- Summer Honors Undergraduate Research Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yvonne Y Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrew D Cherniack
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Federica Piccioni
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Merck Research Laboratories, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - J Kevin Hicks
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Andrew S Chi
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel P Cahill
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jorg Dietrich
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tracy T Batchelor
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David E Root
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Cory M Johannessen
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Oncology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Meyerson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu J, Chen Y, Li R, Guan Y, Chen M, Yin H, Yang X, Jin M, Huang B, Ding X, Yang J, Wang Z, He Y, Wang Q, Luo J, Wang P, Mao Z, Huen MS, Lou Z, Yuan J, Gong F. Synergistic anticancer effect by targeting CDK2 and EGFR-ERK signaling. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202203005. [PMID: 37955924 PMCID: PMC10641568 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202203005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The EGFR-RAS-ERK pathway is one of the most important signaling cascades in cell survival, growth, and proliferation. Aberrant activation of this pathway is a common mechanism in various cancers. Here, we report that CDK2 is a novel regulator of the ERK pathway via USP37 deubiquitinase (DUB). Mechanistically, CDK2 phosphorylates USP37, which is required for USP37 DUB activity. Further, USP37 deubiquitinates and stabilizes ERK1/2, thereby enhancing cancer cell proliferation. Thus, CDK2 is able to promote cell proliferation by activating USP37 and, in turn, stabilizing ERK1/2. Importantly, combined CDK1/2 and EGFR inhibitors have a synergetic anticancer effect through the downregulation of ERK1/2 stability and activity. Indeed, our patient-derived xenograft (PDX) results suggest that targeting both ERK1/2 stability and activity kills cancer cells more efficiently even at lower doses of these two inhibitors, which may reduce their associated side effects and indicate a potential new combination strategy for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhuan Wu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuping Chen
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaping Guan
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mu Chen
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Yin
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoning Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mingpeng Jin
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingsong Huang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Ding
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming He
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianwen Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Luo
- Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyong Mao
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Michael S.Y. Huen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong S.A.R
| | - Zhenkun Lou
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jian Yuan
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanghua Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li Q, Xu N, Lin M, Chen Y, Li H. Successful treatment of severe lung cancer caused by third-generation EGFR-TKI resistance due to EGFR genotype conversion with afatinib plus anlotinib. Anticancer Drugs 2024; 35:93-96. [PMID: 37449979 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Third-generation EGFR-TKIs can be used to treat advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients with T790M resistance mutation induced by first- or second-generation EGFR-TKIs. However, it will also result in drug resistance, and the resistance mechanisms of third-generation EGFR-TKIs are complex. Here we reported a patient diagnosed with advanced lung adenocarcinoma and EGFR positive in September 2016. Following first-line targeted therapy with gefitinib, genetic testing showed EGFR T790M positive, which resulted in a change to osimertinib targeted therapy. In May 2021, troponin and creatinine levels were elevated, and the tumor hyperprogressed to severe lung cancer. Repeated genetic testing revealed that EGFR genotype converted to a non-classical mutation and EGFR T790M turned negative, which caused third-generation EGFR-TKI resistance. As a result, afatinib combined with anlotinib was selected to stabilize the patient's condition. We were inspired by the case that it reflects the significance and necessity of exploring the resistance mechanism and dynamically detecting genetic status throughout the course of treatment, which may help realize individualized precision therapy, and maximize the potential of patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Shengli Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital
| | - Nengluan Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Shengli Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital
| | - Ming Lin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Shengli Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital
| | - Yusheng Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Shengli Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital
| | - Hongru Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Shengli Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Big Data Engineering, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Caswell DR, Gui P, Mayekar MK, Law EK, Pich O, Bailey C, Boumelha J, Kerr DL, Blakely CM, Manabe T, Martinez-Ruiz C, Bakker B, De Dios Palomino Villcas J, I Vokes N, Dietzen M, Angelova M, Gini B, Tamaki W, Allegakoen P, Wu W, Humpton TJ, Hill W, Tomaschko M, Lu WT, Haderk F, Al Bakir M, Nagano A, Gimeno-Valiente F, de Carné Trécesson S, Vendramin R, Barbè V, Mugabo M, Weeden CE, Rowan A, McCoach CE, Almeida B, Green M, Gomez C, Nanjo S, Barbosa D, Moore C, Przewrocka J, Black JRM, Grönroos E, Suarez-Bonnet A, Priestnall SL, Zverev C, Lighterness S, Cormack J, Olivas V, Cech L, Andrews T, Rule B, Jiao Y, Zhang X, Ashford P, Durfee C, Venkatesan S, Temiz NA, Tan L, Larson LK, Argyris PP, Brown WL, Yu EA, Rotow JK, Guha U, Roper N, Yu J, Vogel RI, Thomas NJ, Marra A, Selenica P, Yu H, Bakhoum SF, Chew SK, Reis-Filho JS, Jamal-Hanjani M, Vousden KH, McGranahan N, Van Allen EM, Kanu N, Harris RS, Downward J, Bivona TG, Swanton C. The role of APOBEC3B in lung tumor evolution and targeted cancer therapy resistance. Nat Genet 2024; 56:60-73. [PMID: 38049664 PMCID: PMC10786726 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01592-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the impact of the apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing catalytic subunit-like (APOBEC) enzyme APOBEC3B (A3B) on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-driven lung cancer was assessed. A3B expression in EGFR mutant (EGFRmut) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) mouse models constrained tumorigenesis, while A3B expression in tumors treated with EGFR-targeted cancer therapy was associated with treatment resistance. Analyses of human NSCLC models treated with EGFR-targeted therapy showed upregulation of A3B and revealed therapy-induced activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) as an inducer of A3B expression. Significantly reduced viability was observed with A3B deficiency, and A3B was required for the enrichment of APOBEC mutation signatures, in targeted therapy-treated human NSCLC preclinical models. Upregulation of A3B was confirmed in patients with NSCLC treated with EGFR-targeted therapy. This study uncovers the multifaceted roles of A3B in NSCLC and identifies A3B as a potential target for more durable responses to targeted cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah R Caswell
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
| | - Philippe Gui
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Manasi K Mayekar
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emily K Law
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Oriol Pich
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Chris Bailey
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Jesse Boumelha
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - D Lucas Kerr
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Collin M Blakely
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tadashi Manabe
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Carlos Martinez-Ruiz
- Cancer Genome Evolution Research Group, University College London, Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Bjorn Bakker
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Natalie I Vokes
- Department of Thoracic and Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michelle Dietzen
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Genome Evolution Research Group, University College London, Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Mihaela Angelova
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Beatrice Gini
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Whitney Tamaki
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Paul Allegakoen
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Timothy J Humpton
- p53 and Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - William Hill
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Mona Tomaschko
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Wei-Ting Lu
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Franziska Haderk
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maise Al Bakir
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Ai Nagano
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | | | - Roberto Vendramin
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Vittorio Barbè
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Miriam Mugabo
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Clare E Weeden
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Andrew Rowan
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Bruna Almeida
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mary Green
- Experimental Histopathology, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Carlos Gomez
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shigeki Nanjo
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dora Barbosa
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Chris Moore
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Joanna Przewrocka
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - James R M Black
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Genome Evolution Research Group, University College London, Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Eva Grönroos
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Alejandro Suarez-Bonnet
- Experimental Histopathology, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Department of Pathobiology & Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Simon L Priestnall
- Experimental Histopathology, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Department of Pathobiology & Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Caroline Zverev
- Biological Research Facility, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Scott Lighterness
- Biological Research Facility, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - James Cormack
- Biological Research Facility, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Victor Olivas
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lauren Cech
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Trisha Andrews
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Paul Ashford
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Cameron Durfee
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Subramanian Venkatesan
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Nuri Alpay Temiz
- Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lisa Tan
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lindsay K Larson
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Prokopios P Argyris
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- College of Dentistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - William L Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Yu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Sutter Health Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Julia K Rotow
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Udayan Guha
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NextCure Inc., Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Nitin Roper
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Johnny Yu
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rachel I Vogel
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nicholas J Thomas
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Antonio Marra
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapy, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Pier Selenica
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Helena Yu
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Samuel F Bakhoum
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Su Kit Chew
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Mariam Jamal-Hanjani
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Metastasis Laboratory, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, University College London Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Karen H Vousden
- p53 and Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Nicholas McGranahan
- Cancer Genome Evolution Research Group, University College London, Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Eliezer M Van Allen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nnennaya Kanu
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Reuben S Harris
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Julian Downward
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Trever G Bivona
- Departments of Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Charles Swanton
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
WANG J, LIU P, YING L, ZHU R, YANG C, YANG Y, SU D. [Research Progress on the Combination Therapy of EGFR-TKIs and Metformin
in Acquired Resistance to EGFR-TKIs in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2023; 26:874-880. [PMID: 38061889 PMCID: PMC10714045 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2023.106.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) targeting EGFR are effective in EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, but drug resistance is inevitable. With the application and expansion of individualized and combined therapy, more and more studies have shown that combined administration of Metformin effectively solves the problem of acquired drug resistance to EGFR-TKIs in clinical treatment and prolongs the survival of patients with NSCLC. EGFR-TKIs combined with Metformin is expected to be the treatment method of choice for NSCLC patients with EGFR-TKIs resistance. This paper intends to summarize the research progress of EGFR-TKIs combined with Metformin in the treatment of EGFR-TKIs acquired resistance in NSCLC, in order to provide a new idea for the treatment of NSCLC patients with acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs.
.
Collapse
|
8
|
Singh S, Sadhukhan S, Sonawane A. 20 years since the approval of first EGFR-TKI, gefitinib: Insight and foresight. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188967. [PMID: 37657684 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) actively involves in modulation of various cancer progression related mechanisms including angiogenesis, differentiation and migration. Therefore, targeting EGFR has surfaced as a prominent approach for the treatment of several types of cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), pancreatic cancer, glioblastoma. Various first, second and third generation of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have demonstrated effectiveness as an anti-cancer therapeutics. However, rapid development of drug resistance and mutations still remains a major challenge for the EGFR-TKIs therapy. Overcoming from intrinsic and acquired resistance caused by EGFR mutations warrants the further exploration of alternative strategies and discovery of novel inhibitors. In this review, we delve into the breakthrough discoveries have been made in previous 20 years, and discuss the currently ongoing efforts aimed to circumvent the chemo-resistance. We also highlight the new challenges, limitations and future directions for the development of improved therapeutic approaches such as fourth-generation EGFR-TKIs, peptides, nanobodies, PROTACs etc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satyam Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453 552, India
| | - Sushabhan Sadhukhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala 678 623, India; Department of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala 678 623, India.
| | - Avinash Sonawane
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453 552, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Marrocco I, Yarden Y. Resistance of Lung Cancer to EGFR-Specific Kinase Inhibitors: Activation of Bypass Pathways and Endogenous Mutators. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5009. [PMID: 37894376 PMCID: PMC10605519 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have changed the landscape of lung cancer therapy. For patients who are treated with the new TKIs, the current median survival exceeds 3 years, substantially better than the average 20 month survival rate only a decade ago. Unfortunately, despite initial efficacy, nearly all treated patients evolve drug resistance due to the emergence of either new mutations or rewired signaling pathways that engage other receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), such as MET, HER3 and AXL. Apparently, the emergence of mutations is preceded by a phase of epigenetic alterations that finely regulate the cell cycle, bias a mesenchymal phenotype and activate antioxidants. Concomitantly, cells that evade TKI-induced apoptosis (i.e., drug-tolerant persister cells) activate an intrinsic mutagenic program reminiscent of the SOS system deployed when bacteria are exposed to antibiotics. This mammalian system imbalances the purine-to-pyrimidine ratio, inhibits DNA repair and boosts expression of mutation-prone DNA polymerases. Thus, the net outcome of the SOS response is a greater probability to evolve new mutations. Deeper understanding of the persister-to-resister transformation, along with the development of next-generation TKIs, EGFR-specific proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs), as well as bispecific antibodies, will permit delaying the onset of relapses and prolonging survival of patients with EGFR+ lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Marrocco
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Yosef Yarden
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rizzo S, Sikorski E, Park S, Im W, Vasquez‐Montes V, Ladokhin AS, Thévenin D. Promoting the activity of a receptor tyrosine phosphatase with a novel pH-responsive transmembrane agonist inhibits cancer-associated phenotypes. Protein Sci 2023; 32:e4742. [PMID: 37515426 PMCID: PMC10461461 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Cell signaling by receptor protein tyrosine kinases (RTKs) is tightly controlled by the counterbalancing actions of receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs). Due to their role in attenuating the signal-initiating potency of RTKs, RPTPs have long been viewed as therapeutic targets. However, the development of activators of RPTPs has remained limited. We previously reported that the homodimerization of a representative member of the RPTP family (protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor J or PTPRJ) is regulated by specific transmembrane (TM) residues. Disrupting this interaction by single point mutations promotes PTPRJ access to its RTK substrates (e.g., EGFR and FLT3), reduces RTK's phosphorylation and downstream signaling, and ultimately antagonizes RTK-driven cell phenotypes. Here, we designed and tested a series of first-in-class pH-responsive TM peptide agonists of PTPRJ that are soluble in aqueous solution but insert as a helical TM domain in lipid membranes when the pH is lowered to match that of the acidic microenvironment of tumors. The most promising peptide reduced EGFR's phosphorylation and inhibited cancer cell EGFR-driven migration and proliferation, similar to the PTPRJ's TM point mutations. Developing tumor-selective and TM-targeting peptide binders of critical RPTPs could afford a potentially transformative approach to studying RPTP's selectivity mechanism without requiring less specific inhibitors and represent a novel class of therapeutics against RTK-driven cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Rizzo
- Department of ChemistryLehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Eden Sikorski
- Department of ChemistryLehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Soohyung Park
- Department of Biological SciencesLehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Wonpil Im
- Department of ChemistryLehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Biological SciencesLehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Victor Vasquez‐Montes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansasUSA
| | - Alexey S. Ladokhin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansasUSA
| | - Damien Thévenin
- Department of ChemistryLehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvaniaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cheng M, Cao H, Yao P, Guan J, Wu P, Ji H, Jiang S, Yuan Y, Fu L, Zheng Q, Li Q. PHF23 promotes NSCLC proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance via stabilization of ACTN4 and activation of the ERK pathway. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:558. [PMID: 37626047 PMCID: PMC10457402 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06069-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
At present, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Chemotherapy remains the standard treatment for NSCLC. However, the emergence of chemoresistance is one of the major obstacles to lung cancer treatment. Plant homologous structural domain finger protein 23 (PHF23) plays crucial roles in multiple cell fates. However, the clinical significance and biological role of PHF23 in NSCLC remain elusive. The Cancer Genome Atlas data mining, NCBI/GEO data mining, and western blotting analysis were employed to characterize the expression of PHF23 in NSCLC cell lines and tissues. Statistical analysis of immunohistochemistry and the Kaplan-Meier Plotter database were used to investigate the clinical significance of PHF23. A series of in vivo and in vitro assays, including assays for colony formation, cell viability, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EDU incorporation) and Transwell migration, flow cytometry, RT-PCR, gene set enrichment analysis, co-immunoprecipitation analysis, and a xenograft tumor model, were performed to demonstrate the effects of PHF23 on the chemosensitivity of NSCLC cells and to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms. PHF23 is overexpressed in NSCLC cell lines and tissues. High PHF23 levels correlate with short survival times and a poor response to chemotherapy in NSCLC patients. PHF23 overexpression facilitates cell proliferation, migration and sensitizes NSCLC cells to Cisplatin and Docetaxel by promoting DNA damage repair. Alpha-actinin-4 (ACTN4), as a downstream regulator, interacts with PHD domain of PHF23. Moreover, PHF23 is involved in ACTN4 stabilization by inhibiting its ubiquitination level. These results show that PHF23 plays an important role in the development and progression of NSCLC and suggest that PHF23 may serve as a therapeutic target in NSCLC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Cheng
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, 110000, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyi Cao
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, 110000, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 NanjingBei Street, Heping District, 110000, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Peifeng Yao
- Department of Hand Surgery, Central Hospital affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, 110000, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingqian Guan
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, 110000, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Peihong Wu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, 110000, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hairu Ji
- Department of Pathology, Chengde Medical University, 067000, Chengde, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Jiang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, 110000, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinan Yuan
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, 110000, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, 110000, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 NanjingBei Street, Heping District, 110000, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qianqian Zheng
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, 110000, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qingchang Li
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, 110000, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 NanjingBei Street, Heping District, 110000, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Buscà R, Onesto C, Egensperger M, Pouysségur J, Pagès G, Lenormand P. N-terminal alanine-rich (NTAR) sequences drive precise start codon selection resulting in elevated translation of multiple proteins including ERK1/2. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:7714-7735. [PMID: 37414542 PMCID: PMC10450180 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the discovery of N-terminal alanine-rich sequences, which we term NTARs, that act in concert with their native 5'-untranslated regions to promote selection of the proper start codon. NTARs also facilitate efficient translation initiation while limiting the production of non-functional polypeptides through leaky scanning. We first identified NTARs in the ERK1/2 kinases, which are among the most important signaling molecules in mammals. Analysis of the human proteome reveals that hundreds of proteins possess NTARs, with housekeeping proteins showing a particularly high prevalence. Our data indicate that several of these NTARs act in a manner similar to those found in the ERKs and suggest a mechanism involving some or all of the following features: alanine richness, codon rarity, a repeated amino acid stretch and a nearby second AUG. These features may help slow down the leading ribosome, causing trailing pre-initiation complexes (PICs) to pause near the native AUG, thereby facilitating accurate translation initiation. Amplification of erk genes is frequently observed in cancer, and we show that NTAR-dependent ERK protein levels are a rate-limiting step for signal output. Thus, NTAR-mediated control of translation may reflect a cellular need to precisely control translation of key transcripts such as potential oncogenes. By preventing translation in alternative reading frames, NTAR sequences may be useful in synthetic biology applications, e.g. translation from RNA vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roser Buscà
- Université Côte d’Azur (UCA), CNRS UMR 7284 and INSERM U 1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging Nice (IRCAN), 28 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice, France
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - Cercina Onesto
- Université Côte d’Azur (UCA), CNRS UMR 7284 and INSERM U 1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging Nice (IRCAN), 28 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice, France
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
- Polytech’Nice Sophia, Bioengineering Department, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Mylène Egensperger
- Université Côte d’Azur (UCA), CNRS UMR 7284 and INSERM U 1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging Nice (IRCAN), 28 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice, France
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - Jacques Pouysségur
- Université Côte d’Azur (UCA), CNRS UMR 7284 and INSERM U 1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging Nice (IRCAN), 28 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice, France
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Biomedical Department, Principality of Monaco
| | - Gilles Pagès
- Université Côte d’Azur (UCA), CNRS UMR 7284 and INSERM U 1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging Nice (IRCAN), 28 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice, France
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Biomedical Department, Principality of Monaco
| | - Philippe Lenormand
- Université Côte d’Azur (UCA), CNRS UMR 7284 and INSERM U 1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging Nice (IRCAN), 28 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice, France
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
de Miguel FJ, Gentile C, Feng WW, Silva SJ, Sankar A, Exposito F, Cai WL, Melnick MA, Robles-Oteiza C, Hinkley MM, Tsai JA, Hartley AV, Wei J, Wurtz A, Li F, Toki MI, Rimm DL, Homer R, Wilen CB, Xiao AZ, Qi J, Yan Q, Nguyen DX, Jänne PA, Kadoch C, Politi KA. Mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes promote tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in EGFR-mutant lung cancer. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:1516-1534.e9. [PMID: 37541244 PMCID: PMC10957226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Acquired resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), such as osimertinib used to treat EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinomas, limits long-term efficacy and is frequently caused by non-genetic mechanisms. Here, we define the chromatin accessibility and gene regulatory signatures of osimertinib sensitive and resistant EGFR-mutant cell and patient-derived models and uncover a role for mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes in TKI resistance. By profiling mSWI/SNF genome-wide localization, we identify both shared and cancer cell line-specific gene targets underlying the resistant state. Importantly, genetic and pharmacologic disruption of the SMARCA4/SMARCA2 mSWI/SNF ATPases re-sensitizes a subset of resistant models to osimertinib via inhibition of mSWI/SNF-mediated regulation of cellular programs governing cell proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, epithelial cell differentiation, and NRF2 signaling. These data highlight the role of mSWI/SNF complexes in supporting TKI resistance and suggest potential utility of mSWI/SNF inhibitors in TKI-resistant lung cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Gentile
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - William W Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shannon J Silva
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Akshay Sankar
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Wesley L Cai
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | | | - Camila Robles-Oteiza
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Madeline M Hinkley
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jeanelle A Tsai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antja-Voy Hartley
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jin Wei
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Anna Wurtz
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Fangyong Li
- Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Public Health, 60 College St, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Maria I Toki
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - David L Rimm
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Robert Homer
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Craig B Wilen
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Andrew Z Xiao
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Jun Qi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qin Yan
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Don X Nguyen
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Pasi A Jänne
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cigall Kadoch
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
| | - Katerina A Politi
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Carroll RS, Du J, O'Leary BR, Steers G, Goswami PC, Buettner GR, Cullen JJ. Pharmacological ascorbate induces sustained mitochondrial dysfunction. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 204:108-117. [PMID: 37137343 PMCID: PMC10375417 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacological ascorbate (P-AscH-; high dose given intravenously) generates H2O2 that is selectively cytotoxic to cancer compared to normal cells. The RAS-RAF-ERK1/2 is a major signaling pathway in cancers carrying RAS mutations and is known to be activated by H2O2. Activated ERK1/2 also phosphorylates the GTPase dynamin-related protein (Drp1), which then stimulates mitochondrial fission. Although early generation of H2O2 leads to cytotoxicity of cancer cells, we hypothesized that sustained increases in H2O2 activate ERK-Drp1 signaling, leading to an adaptive response; inhibition of this pathway would enhance the toxicity of P-AscH-. Increases in phosphorylated ERK and Drp1 induced by P-AscH- were reversed with genetic and pharmacological inhibitors of ERK and Drp1, as well as in cells lacking functional mitochondria. P-AscH- increased Drp1 colocalization to mitochondria, decreased mitochondrial volume, increased disconnected components, and decreased mitochondrial length, suggesting an increase in mitochondrial fission 48 h after treatment with P-AscH-. P-AscH- decreased clonogenic survival; this was enhanced by genetic and pharmacological inhibition of both ERK and Drp1. In murine tumor xenografts, the combination of P-AscH- and pharmacological inhibition of Drp1 increased overall survival. These results suggest that P-AscH- induces sustained changes in mitochondria, through activation of the ERK/Drp1 signaling pathway, an adaptive response. Inhibition of this pathway enhanced the toxicity P-AscH- to cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rory S Carroll
- Departments of Surgery, University of Iowa College of Medicine, USA
| | - Juan Du
- Departments of Surgery, University of Iowa College of Medicine, USA; Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, University of Iowa College of Medicine, USA
| | - Brianne R O'Leary
- Departments of Surgery, University of Iowa College of Medicine, USA; Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, University of Iowa College of Medicine, USA
| | - Garett Steers
- Departments of Surgery, University of Iowa College of Medicine, USA
| | - Prabhat C Goswami
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, University of Iowa College of Medicine, USA; Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, USA; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa College of Medicine, USA
| | - Garry R Buettner
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, University of Iowa College of Medicine, USA; Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, USA; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa College of Medicine, USA
| | - Joseph J Cullen
- Departments of Surgery, University of Iowa College of Medicine, USA; Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, University of Iowa College of Medicine, USA; Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, USA; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa College of Medicine, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hoffman TE, Nangia V, Ill CR, Passanisi VJ, Armstrong C, Yang C, Spencer SL. Multiple cancers escape from multiple MAPK pathway inhibitors and use DNA replication stress signaling to tolerate aberrant cell cycles. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eade8744. [PMID: 37527351 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.ade8744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Many cancers harbor pro-proliferative mutations of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. In BRAF-driven melanoma cells treated with BRAF inhibitors, subpopulations of cells escape drug-induced quiescence through a nongenetic manner of adaptation and resume slow proliferation. Here, we found that this phenomenon is common to many cancer types driven by EGFR, KRAS, or BRAF mutations in response to multiple, clinically approved MAPK pathway inhibitors. In 2D cultures and 3D spheroid models of various cancer cell lines, a subset of cells escaped drug-induced quiescence within 4 days to resume proliferation. These "escapee" cells exhibited DNA replication deficits, accumulated DNA lesions, and mounted a stress response that depended on the ataxia telangiectasia and RAD3-related (ATR) kinase. We further identified that components of the Fanconi anemia (FA) DNA repair pathway are recruited to sites of mitotic DNA synthesis (MiDAS) in escapee cells, enabling successful completion of cell division. Analysis of patient tumor samples and clinical data correlated disease progression with an increase in DNA replication stress response factors. Our findings suggest that many MAPK pathway-mutant cancers rapidly escape drug action and that suppressing early stress tolerance pathways may achieve more durable clinical responses to MAPK pathway inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy E Hoffman
- Department of Biochemistry and Biofrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Varuna Nangia
- Department of Biochemistry and Biofrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical School, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - C Ryland Ill
- Department of Biochemistry and Biofrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Victor J Passanisi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biofrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Claire Armstrong
- Department of Biochemistry and Biofrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biofrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
- Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Sabrina L Spencer
- Department of Biochemistry and Biofrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Si H, Esquivel M, Mendoza Mendoza E, Roarty K. The covert symphony: cellular and molecular accomplices in breast cancer metastasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1221784. [PMID: 37440925 PMCID: PMC10333702 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1221784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has emerged as the most commonly diagnosed cancer and primary cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. Although significant progress has been made in targeting the primary tumor, the effectiveness of systemic treatments to prevent metastasis remains limited. Metastatic disease continues to be the predominant factor leading to fatality in the majority of breast cancer patients. The existence of a prolonged latency period between initial treatment and eventual recurrence in certain patients indicates that tumors can both adapt to and interact with the systemic environment of the host, facilitating and sustaining the progression of the disease. In order to identify potential therapeutic interventions for metastasis, it will be crucial to gain a comprehensive framework surrounding the mechanisms driving the growth, survival, and spread of tumor cells, as well as their interaction with supporting cells of the microenvironment. This review aims to consolidate recent discoveries concerning critical aspects of breast cancer metastasis, encompassing the intricate network of cells, molecules, and physical factors that contribute to metastasis, as well as the molecular mechanisms governing cancer dormancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjiang Si
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Madelyn Esquivel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Erika Mendoza Mendoza
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Kevin Roarty
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ning Y, Zheng H, Yang Y, Zang H, Wang W, Zhan Y, Wang H, Luo J, Wen Q, Peng J, Xiang J, Fan S. YAP1 synergize with YY1 transcriptional co-repress DUSP1 to induce osimertinib resistant by activating the EGFR/MAPK pathway and abrogating autophagy in non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:2458-2474. [PMID: 37215986 PMCID: PMC10197898 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.79965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
YAP1 is a well-known core effector of the Hippo pathway in tumors, but its potential role in osimertinib resistance remained unexplored. Our study provides evidence that YAP1 acts as a potent promoter of osimertinib resistance. By inhibiting YAP1 with a novel inhibitor, CA3, and combining it with osimertinib, we observed a significant suppression of cell proliferation and metastasis, induction of apoptosis and autophagy, and a delay in the emergence of osimertinib resistance. Interestingly, CA3 combined with osimertinib executed its anti-metastasis and pro-tumor apoptosis in part through autophagy. Mechanistically, we found that YAP1, in collaboration with YY1, transcriptionally represses DUSP1, leading to the dephosphorylation of the EGFR/MEK/ERK pathway and YAP1 phosphorylation in osimertinib-resistant cells. Our results also validate that CA3, in combination with osimertinib, executes its anti-metastasis and pro-tumor apoptosis partly through autophagy and the YAP1/DUSP1/EGFR/MEK/ERK regulatory feedback loop in osimertinib-resistant cells. Remarkably, our findings illustrate that YAP1 protein is upregulated in patients after osimertinib treatment and osimertinib resistance. Overall, our study confirms that the YAP1 inhibitor CA3 increases DUSP1 with concomitant activation of the EGFR/MAPK pathway and induces autophagy to enhance the efficacy of third-generation EGFR-TKI treatments for NSCLC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ning
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongmei Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongjing Zang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weiyuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuting Zhan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haihua Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiadi Luo
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiuyuan Wen
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinwu Peng
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juanjuan Xiang
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
He Q, Qu M, Bao H, Xu Y, Shen T, Tan D, Barkat MQ, Xu C, Zeng LH, Wu X. Multiple post-translational modifications ensure EGFR functionality: Potential therapeutic targets to overcome its drug-resistance mutations. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 70:41-53. [PMID: 36934069 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation is the most common driver mutation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The first-line therapy for advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR-sensitive mutation is the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI). However, most NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation will develop resistant mutations in EGFR-TKI therapy. With further studies, resistance mechanisms represented by EGFR-T790M mutations have revealed the impact of EGFR mutations in situ on EGFR-TKIs sensitivity. The third-generation EGFR-TKIs inhibit both EGFR-sensitive mutations and T790M mutations. The emergence of novel mutations such as EGFR-C797S and EGFR-L718Q may decrease efficacy. Searching for new targets to overcome EGFR-TKI resistance becomes a key challenge. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of EGFR is essential to find novel targets to overcome drug-resistant mutations in EGFR-TKIs. EGFR, as a receptor-type tyrosine kinase, undergoes homo/heterodimerization and autophosphorylation upon binding to ligands, which activates multiple downstream signaling pathways. Interestingly, there is growing evidence that the kinase activity of EGFR is affected not only by phosphorylation but also by various post-translational modifications (PTMs, such as S-palmitoylation, S-nitrosylation, Methylation, etc.). In this review, we systematically review the effects of different protein PTMs on EGFR kinase activity and its functionality and suggest that influencing EGFR kinase activity by modulating multiple EGFR sites are potential targets to overcome EGFR-TKIs resistance mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang He
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Meiyu Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Hangyang Bao
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yana Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tingyu Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dan Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Qasim Barkat
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chengyun Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ling-Hui Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, China.
| | - Ximei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Alam M, Hasan GM, Eldin SM, Adnan M, Riaz MB, Islam A, Khan I, Hassan MI. Investigating regulated signaling pathways in therapeutic targeting of non-small cell lung carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114452. [PMID: 36878052 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the most common malignancy worldwide. The signaling cascades are stimulated via genetic modifications in upstream signaling molecules, which affect apoptotic, proliferative, and differentiation pathways. Dysregulation of these signaling cascades causes cancer-initiating cell proliferation, cancer development, and drug resistance. Numerous efforts in the treatment of NSCLC have been undertaken in the past few decades, enhancing our understanding of the mechanisms of cancer development and moving forward to develop effective therapeutic approaches. Modifications of transcription factors and connected pathways are utilized to develop new treatment options for NSCLC. Developing designed inhibitors targeting specific cellular signaling pathways in tumor progression has been recommended for the therapeutic management of NSCLC. This comprehensive review provided deeper mechanistic insights into the molecular mechanism of action of various signaling molecules and their targeting in the clinical management of NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manzar Alam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Gulam Mustafa Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed M Eldin
- Center of Research, Faculty of Engineering, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Bilal Riaz
- Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdnask, Poland; Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Ilyas Khan
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nilsson MB, Yang Y, Heeke S, Patel SA, Poteete A, Udagawa H, Elamin YY, Moran CA, Kashima Y, Arumugam T, Yu X, Ren X, Diao L, Shen L, Wang Q, Zhang M, Robichaux JP, Shi C, Pfeil AN, Tran H, Gibbons DL, Bock J, Wang J, Minna JD, Kobayashi SS, Le X, Heymach JV. CD70 is a therapeutic target upregulated in EMT-associated EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:340-355.e6. [PMID: 36787696 PMCID: PMC10259078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Effective therapeutic strategies are needed for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations that acquire resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) mediated by epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We investigate cell surface proteins that could be targeted by antibody-based or adoptive cell therapy approaches and identify CD70 as being highly upregulated in EMT-associated resistance. Moreover, CD70 upregulation is an early event in the evolution of resistance and occurs in drug-tolerant persister cells (DTPCs). CD70 promotes cell survival and invasiveness, and stimulation of CD70 triggers signal transduction pathways known to be re-activated with acquired TKI resistance. Anti-CD70 antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) and CD70-targeting chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell and CAR NK cells show potent activity against EGFR TKI-resistant cells and DTPCs. These results identify CD70 as a therapeutic target for EGFR mutant tumors with acquired EGFR TKI resistance that merits clinical investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monique B Nilsson
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Simon Heeke
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sonia A Patel
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alissa Poteete
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hibiki Udagawa
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Division of Translational Genomics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Yasir Y Elamin
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cesar A Moran
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yukie Kashima
- Division of Translational Genomics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Thiruvengadam Arumugam
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoxing Yu
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Ren
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lixia Diao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Minying Zhang
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jacqulyne P Robichaux
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chunhua Shi
- Department of Biologics Development, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Allyson N Pfeil
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hai Tran
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Don L Gibbons
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jason Bock
- Department of Oncology Research BIT, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - John D Minna
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Susumu S Kobayashi
- Division of Translational Genomics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiuning Le
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - John V Heymach
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bassil CF, Anderson GR, Mayro B, Askin KN, Winter PS, Gruber S, Hall TM, Hoj JP, Cerda-Smith C, Hutchinson HM, Killarney ST, Singleton KR, Qin L, Jubien-Girard K, Favreau C, Martin AR, Robert G, Benhida R, Auberger P, Pendergast AM, Lonard DM, Puissant A, Wood KC. MCB-613 exploits a collateral sensitivity in drug resistant EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer through covalent inhibition of KEAP1. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.17.524094. [PMID: 36711936 PMCID: PMC9882253 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.17.524094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Targeted therapies have revolutionized cancer chemotherapy. Unfortunately, most patients develop multifocal resistance to these drugs within a matter of months. Here, we used a high-throughput phenotypic small molecule screen to identify MCB-613 as a compound that selectively targets EGFR-mutant, EGFR inhibitor-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells harboring diverse resistance mechanisms. Subsequent proteomic and functional genomic screens involving MCB-613 identified its target in this context to be KEAP1, revealing that this gene is selectively essential in the setting of EGFR inhibitor resistance. In-depth molecular characterization demonstrated that (1) MCB-613 binds KEAP1 covalently; (2) a single molecule of MCB-613 is capable of bridging two KEAP1 monomers together; and, (3) this modification interferes with the degradation of canonical KEAP1 substrates such as NRF2. Surprisingly, NRF2 knockout sensitizes cells to MCB-613, suggesting that the drug functions through modulation of an alternative KEAP1 substrate. Together, these findings advance MCB-613 as a new tool for exploiting the selective essentiality of KEAP1 in drug-resistant, EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gray R Anderson
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Benjamin Mayro
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kayleigh N Askin
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Peter S Winter
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Samuel Gruber
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Tierney M Hall
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jacob P Hoj
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Haley M Hutchinson
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Shane T Killarney
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Li Qin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kévin Jubien-Girard
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice UMR 7272 - 06108 Nice, France
| | | | - Anthony R Martin
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice UMR 7272 - 06108 Nice, France
- IBMM, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Rachid Benhida
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice UMR 7272 - 06108 Nice, France
- Chemical & Biochemical Sciences Green-Process Engineering (CBS) Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Benguerir, Morocco
| | | | | | - David M Lonard
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Alexandre Puissant
- Université de Paris, Génomes, Biologie Cellulaire et Thérapeutique U944, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Kris C Wood
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chhouri H, Alexandre D, Grumolato L. Mechanisms of Acquired Resistance and Tolerance to EGFR Targeted Therapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020504. [PMID: 36672453 PMCID: PMC9856371 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) harboring activating mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are treated with specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) of this receptor, resulting in clinically responses that can generally last several months. Unfortunately, EGFR-targeted therapy also favors the emergence of drug tolerant or resistant cells, ultimately resulting in tumor relapse. Recently, cellular barcoding strategies have arisen as a powerful tool to investigate the clonal evolution of these subpopulations in response to anti-cancer drugs. In this review, we provide an overview of the currently available treatment options for NSCLC, focusing on EGFR targeted therapy, and discuss the common mechanisms of resistance to EGFR-TKIs. We also review the characteristics of drug-tolerant persister (DTP) cells and the mechanistic basis of drug tolerance in EGFR-mutant NSCLC. Lastly, we address how cellular barcoding can be applied to investigate the response and the behavior of DTP cells upon EGFR-TKI treatment.
Collapse
|
23
|
Piccolo S, Panciera T, Contessotto P, Cordenonsi M. YAP/TAZ as master regulators in cancer: modulation, function and therapeutic approaches. NATURE CANCER 2023; 4:9-26. [PMID: 36564601 PMCID: PMC7614914 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-022-00473-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of the function of the transcriptional regulators YAP and TAZ (YAP/TAZ) in cancer is advancing. In this Review, we provide an update on recent progress in YAP/TAZ biology, their regulation by Hippo signaling and mechanotransduction and highlight open questions. YAP/TAZ signaling is an addiction shared by multiple tumor types and their microenvironments, providing many malignant attributes. As such, it represents an important vulnerability that may offer a broad window of therapeutic efficacy, and here we give an overview of the current treatment strategies and pioneering clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Piccolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
- IFOM-ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.
| | - Tito Panciera
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Fang DD, Tao R, Wang G, Li Y, Zhang K, Xu C, Zhai G, Wang Q, Wang J, Tang C, Min P, Xiong D, Chen J, Wang S, Yang D, Zhai Y. Discovery of a novel ALK/ROS1/FAK inhibitor, APG-2449, in preclinical non-small cell lung cancer and ovarian cancer models. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:752. [PMID: 35820889 PMCID: PMC9277925 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09799-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are mainstays of cancer treatment. However, their clinical benefits are often constrained by acquired resistance. To overcome such outcomes, we have rationally engineered APG-2449 as a novel multikinase inhibitor that is highly potent against oncogenic alterations of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), ROS proto-oncogene 1 receptor tyrosine kinase (ROS1), and focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Here we present the preclinical evaluation of APG-2449, which exhibits antiproliferative activity in cells carrying ALK fusion or secondary mutations. METHODS KINOMEscan® and LANCE TR-FRET were used to characterize targets and selectivity of APG-2449. Water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-8) viability assay and xenograft tumorigenicity were employed to evaluate therapeutic efficacy of monotherapy or drug combination in preclinical models of solid tumors. Western blot, pharmacokinetic, and flow cytometry analyses, as well as RNA sequencing were used to explore pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic correlations and the mechanism of actions driving drug combination synergy. RESULTS In mice bearing wild-type or ALK/ROS1-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), APG-2449 demonstrates potent antitumor activity, with correlations between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in vivo. Through FAK inhibition, APG-2449 sensitizes ovarian xenograft tumors to paclitaxel by reducing CD44+ and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1-positive (ALDH1+) cancer stem cell populations, including ovarian tumors insensitive to carboplatin. In epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated NSCLC xenograft models, APG-2449 enhances EGFR TKI-induced tumor growth inhibition, while the ternary combination of APG-2449 with EGFR (osimertinib) and mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK; trametinib) inhibitors overcomes osimertinib resistance. Mechanistically, phosphorylation of ALK, ROS1, and FAK, as well as their downstream components, is effectively inhibited by APG-2449. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our studies demonstrate that APG-2449 exerts potent and durable antitumor activity in human NSCLC and ovarian tumor models when administered alone or in combination with other therapies. A phase 1 clinical trial has been initiated to evaluate the safety and preliminary efficacy of APG-2449 in patients with advanced solid tumors, including ALK+ NSCLC refractory to earlier-generation ALK inhibitors. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrial.gov registration: NCT03917043 (date of first registration, 16/04/2019) and Chinese clinical trial registration: CTR20190468 (date of first registration, 09/04/2019).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas D Fang
- Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, 68 Xinqing Road, Suzhou, 215214, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, 68 Xinqing Road, Suzhou, 215214, China
| | - Guangfeng Wang
- Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, 68 Xinqing Road, Suzhou, 215214, China
| | - Yuanbao Li
- Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, 68 Xinqing Road, Suzhou, 215214, China
| | - Kaixiang Zhang
- Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, 68 Xinqing Road, Suzhou, 215214, China
| | - Chunhua Xu
- Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, 68 Xinqing Road, Suzhou, 215214, China
| | - Guoqin Zhai
- Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, 68 Xinqing Road, Suzhou, 215214, China
| | - Qixin Wang
- Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, 68 Xinqing Road, Suzhou, 215214, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, 68 Xinqing Road, Suzhou, 215214, China
| | - Chunyang Tang
- Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, 68 Xinqing Road, Suzhou, 215214, China
| | - Ping Min
- Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, 68 Xinqing Road, Suzhou, 215214, China
| | - Dengkun Xiong
- Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, 68 Xinqing Road, Suzhou, 215214, China
| | - Jianyong Chen
- Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, 68 Xinqing Road, Suzhou, 215214, China
| | - Shaomeng Wang
- Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Michigan Center for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway NCRC/Building 520 Room 1245, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Dajun Yang
- Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, 68 Xinqing Road, Suzhou, 215214, China. .,Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Yifan Zhai
- Ascentage Pharma (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, 68 Xinqing Road, Suzhou, 215214, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Du J, Guo W, Häckel S, Hoppe S, Garcia JP, Alini M, Tryfonidou MA, Creemers LB, Grad S, Li Z. The function of CD146 in human annulus fibrosus cells and mechanism of the regulation by TGF-β. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:1661-1671. [PMID: 34662464 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The mouse outer annulus fibrosus (AF) was previously shown to contain CD146+ AF cells, while in vitro culture and exposure to transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) further increased the expression of CD146. However, neither the specific function of CD146 nor the underlying mechanism of TGF-β upregulation of CD146+ AF cells have been elucidated yet. In the current study, CD146 expression and its role in cultured human AF cells was investigated studying the cells' capacity for matrix contraction and gene expression of functional AF markers. In addition, TGF-β pathways were blocked by several pathway inhibitors and short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) targeting SMAD and non-SMAD pathways to investigate their involvement in TGF-β-induced CD146 upregulation. Results showed that knockdown of CD146 led to reduction in AF cell-mediated collagen gel contraction, downregulation of versican and smooth muscle protein 22α (SM22α), and upregulation of scleraxis. TGF-β-induced CD146 upregulation was significantly blocked by inhibition of TGF-β receptor ALK5, and partially inhibited by shRNA against SMAD2 and SMAD4 and by an Protein Kinase B (AKT) inhibitor. Interestingly, the inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) pathway induced CD146 upregulation. In conclusion, CD146 was shown to be crucial to maintain the cell contractility of human AF cells in vitro. Furthermore, TGF-β upregulated CD146 via ALK5 signaling cascade, partially through SMAD2, SMAD4, and AKT pathway, whereas, ERK was shown to be a potential negative modulator. Our findings suggest that CD146 can potentially be used as a functional marker in AF repair strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Du
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.,Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wei Guo
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.,Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Sonja Häckel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sven Hoppe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - João P Garcia
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mauro Alini
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | | | - Laura B Creemers
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Zhen Li
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Early Steps of Resistance to Targeted Therapies in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112613. [PMID: 35681591 PMCID: PMC9179469 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Patients with lung cancer benefit from more effective treatments, such as targeted therapies, and the overall survival has increased in the past decade. However, the efficacy of targeted therapies is limited due to the emergence of resistance. Growing evidence suggests that resistances may arise from a small population of drug-tolerant persister (DTP) cells. Understanding the mechanisms underlying DTP survival is therefore crucial to develop therapeutic strategies to prevent the development of resistance. Herein, we propose an overview of the current scientific knowledge about the characterisation of DTP, and summarise the new therapeutic strategies that are tested to target these cells. Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men and women worldwide. Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are effective therapies for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harbouring EGFR-activating mutations, but are not curative due to the inevitable emergence of resistances. Recent in vitro studies suggest that resistance to EGFR-TKI may arise from a small population of drug-tolerant persister cells (DTP) through non-genetic reprogramming, by entering a reversible slow-to-non-proliferative state, before developing genetically derived resistances. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms governing the dynamics of the drug-tolerant state is therefore a priority to provide sustainable therapeutic solutions for patients. An increasing number of molecular mechanisms underlying DTP survival are being described, such as chromatin and epigenetic remodelling, the reactivation of anti-apoptotic/survival pathways, metabolic reprogramming, and interactions with their micro-environment. Here, we review and discuss the existing proposed mechanisms involved in the DTP state. We describe their biological features, molecular mechanisms of tolerance, and the therapeutic strategies that are tested to target the DTP.
Collapse
|
27
|
Third-generation EGFR and ALK inhibitors: mechanisms of resistance and management. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2022; 19:499-514. [DOI: 10.1038/s41571-022-00639-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
28
|
Alam M, Alam S, Shamsi A, Adnan M, Elasbali AM, Al-Soud WA, Alreshidi M, Hawsawi YM, Tippana A, Pasupuleti VR, Hassan MI. Bax/Bcl-2 Cascade Is Regulated by the EGFR Pathway: Therapeutic Targeting of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:869672. [PMID: 35402265 PMCID: PMC8990771 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.869672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) comprises 80%-85% of lung cancer cases. EGFR is involved in several cancer developments, including NSCLC. The EGFR pathway regulates the Bax/Bcl-2 cascade in NSCLC. Increasing understanding of the molecular mechanisms of fundamental tumor progression has guided the development of numerous antitumor drugs. The development and improvement of rationally planned inhibitors and agents targeting particular cellular and biological pathways in cancer have been signified as a most important paradigm shift in the strategy to treat and manage lung cancer. Newer approaches and novel chemotherapeutic agents are required to accompany present cancer therapies for improving efficiency. Using natural products as a drug with an effective delivery system may benefit therapeutics. Naturally originated compounds such as phytochemicals provide crucial sources for novel agents/drugs and resources for tumor therapy. Applying the small-molecule inhibitors (SMIs)/phytochemicals has led to potent preclinical discoveries in various human tumor preclinical models, including lung cancer. In this review, we summarize recent information on the molecular mechanisms of the Bax/Bcl-2 cascade and EGFR pathway in NSCLC and target them for therapeutic implications. We further described the therapeutic potential of Bax/Bcl-2/EGFR SMIs, mainly those with more potent and selectivity, including gefitinib, EGCG, ABT-737, thymoquinone, quercetin, and venetoclax. In addition, we explained the targeting EGFR pathway and ongoing in vitro and in vivo and clinical investigations in NSCLC. Exploration of such inhibitors facilitates the future treatment and management of NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manzar Alam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, India
| | - Shoaib Alam
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, India
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, India
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelbaset Mohamed Elasbali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Sciences-Qurayyat, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Abu Al-Soud
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.,Health Sciences Research Unit, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mousa Alreshidi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.,Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Anitha Tippana
- Regional Agricultural Research Station, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU), Tirupati, India
| | - Visweswara Rao Pasupuleti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Abdurrab University, Pekanbaru, Indonesia.,Centre for International Collaboration and Research, Reva University, Rukmini Knowledge Park, Bangalore, India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Immunological effect of tyrosine kinase inhibitors on the tumor immune environment in non‑small cell lung cancer (Review). Oncol Lett 2022; 23:165. [PMID: 35414830 PMCID: PMC8988264 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acquired resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) limits the duration of antitumor effects and impairs the survival of patients with oncogene-driven non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). At present, little is known about the immunomodulatory ability of TKIs during the entire treatment period, including the drug-sensitive and drug-resistant periods. The present review aimed to comprehensively explore the dynamic changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) during TKI treatment in NSCLC. Previous clinical and preclinical studies from medical and health databases related to NSCLC are reviewed. During the response period, cytotoxic immune cells accumulate in the TME and contribute to the formation of an inflammatory microenvironment. During the resistance period, the number of immunosuppressive cells increases, as does the expression of immune checkpoint proteins, which are critical mechanisms for tumor progression. The combination of targeted therapy and immunotherapy has been explored in multiple studies, and preliminary data showed controversial results. Extensive studies are needed to confirm the criteria of the selected patient subgroups and the toxicity profiles of EGFR TKIs and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). At present, the reagents targeting other immune cells, cytokines and related pathways remain underexplored compared with the revolutionary effect of ICIs in lung cancer. In the future, the precisely selected regimens for combination treatment should be further investigated in carefully designed xenograft models and clinical trials.
Collapse
|
30
|
Liu Z, Xiang S, Guo X, Zhou J, Liao L, Kou J, Zhang J. MKRN2 inhibits the proliferation of gastric cancer by downregulating PKM2. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:2004-2013. [PMID: 35196650 PMCID: PMC8908937 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cumulative evidence suggests that dysfunction of ubiquitinating enzymes is responsible for multiple types of diseases including cancer. However, what role the ubiquitinating enzyme plays in gastric cancer remains unknown. In this study, using bioinformatics analysis and a series of experimental analyses, we found that an E3 ubiquitin-protein, MKRN2 was down-regulated in gastric cancer tissues. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed the low MKRN2 expression significantly indicated poor prognosis. Overexpression of MKRN2 notably inhibited cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, knockdown of MKRN2 had the opposite effects in vitro. Additionally, the mechanical analysis indicated that MKRN2 promoted ubiquitination-mediated degradation of PKM2 and attenuated its effect on ERK. Overall, the present study suggests that MKRN2 may be a potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Shuyao Xiang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xingchen Guo
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Jinghuan Zhou
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Lixin Liao
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxin Kou
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Chongqing High-Tech Zone People's Hospital, Chongqing 400000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cevatemre B, Ulukaya E, Dere E, Dilege S, Acilan C. Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Contributes to Drug Resistance of Lung Cancer Cells Through Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:738916. [PMID: 35083212 PMCID: PMC8785343 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.738916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been a growing interest on the role of mitochondria in metastatic cascade. Several reports have shown the preferential utilization of glycolytic pathway instead of mitochondrial respiration for energy production and the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) has been considered to be a contributor to this switch in some cancers. Since epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is proposed to be one of the significant mediators of metastasis, the molecular connections between cancer cell metabolism and EMT may reveal underlying mechanisms and improve our understanding on metastasis. In order to explore a potential role for PDH inhibition on EMT and associated drug resistance, we took both pharmacological and genetic approaches, and selectively inhibited or knocked down PDHA1 by using Cpi613 and shPDHA1, respectively. We found that both approaches triggered morphological changes and characteristics of EMT (increase in mesenchymal markers). This change was accompanied by enhanced wound healing and an increase in migration. Interestingly, cells were more resistant to many of the clinically used chemotherapeutics following PDH inhibition or PDHA1 knockdown. Furthermore, the TGFβRI (known as a major inducer of the EMT) inhibitor (SB-431542) together with the PDHi, was effective in reversing EMT. In conclusion, interfering with PDH induced EMT, and more importantly resulted in chemoresistance. Therefore, our study demonstrates the need for careful consideration of PDH-targeting approaches in cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Buse Cevatemre
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Biology, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Engin Ulukaya
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Istinye University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Egemen Dere
- Department of Biology, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Sukru Dilege
- School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ceyda Acilan
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey.,School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
ERK inhibitor ASN007 effectively overcomes acquired resistance to EGFR inhibitor in non-small cell lung cancer. Invest New Drugs 2022; 40:265-273. [PMID: 34973117 PMCID: PMC8993753 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-021-01121-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of acquired resistance limits the long-term efficacy of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR TKIs). Thus, development of effective strategies to overcome resistance to EGFR TKI is urgently needed. Multiple mechanisms to reactivate ERK signaling have been successfully demonstrated in acquired resistance models. We found that in EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, acquired resistance to EGFR TKIs was accompanied by increased activation of ERK. Increased ERK activation was also found in in vitro models of acquired EGFR TKI resistance. ASN007 is a potent selective ERK1/2 inhibitor with promising antitumor activity in cancers with BRAF and RAS mutations. ASN007 treatment impeded tumor cell growth and the cell cycle in EGFR TKI-resistant cells. In addition, combination treatment with ASN007 and EGFR TKIs significantly decreased the survival of resistant cells, enhanced induction of apoptosis, and effectively inhibited the growth of erlotinib-resistant xenografts, providing the preclinical rationale for testing combinations of ASN007 and EGFR TKIs in EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients. This study emphasizes the importance of targeting ERK signaling in maintaining the long-term benefits of EGFR TKIs by overcoming acquired resistance.
Collapse
|
33
|
HER3 Augmentation via Blockade of EGFR/AKT Signaling Enhances Anticancer Activity of HER3-Targeting Patritumab Deruxtecan in EGFR-Mutated Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 28:390-403. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-3359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
34
|
Comprehensive targeting of resistance to inhibition of RTK signaling pathways by using glucocorticoids. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7014. [PMID: 34853306 PMCID: PMC8636603 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27276-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of RTK pathways in cancer triggers an adaptive response that promotes therapeutic resistance. Because the adaptive response is multifaceted, the optimal approach to blunting it remains undetermined. TNF upregulation is a biologically significant response to EGFR inhibition in NSCLC. Here, we compared a specific TNF inhibitor (etanercept) to thalidomide and prednisone, two drugs that block TNF and also other inflammatory pathways. Prednisone is significantly more effective in suppressing EGFR inhibition-induced inflammatory signals. Remarkably, prednisone induces a shutdown of bypass RTK signaling and inhibits key resistance signals such as STAT3, YAP and TNF-NF-κB. Combined with EGFR inhibition, prednisone is significantly superior to etanercept or thalidomide in durably suppressing tumor growth in multiple mouse models, indicating that a broad suppression of adaptive signals is more effective than blocking a single component. We identify prednisone as a drug that can effectively inhibit adaptive resistance with acceptable toxicity in NSCLC and other cancers.
Collapse
|
35
|
Kim HJ, Lee HN, Jeong MS, Jang SB. Oncogenic KRAS: Signaling and Drug Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225599. [PMID: 34830757 PMCID: PMC8616169 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
RAS proteins play a role in many physiological signals transduction processes, including cell growth, division, and survival. The Ras protein has amino acids 188-189 and functions as GTPase. These proteins are switch molecules that cycle between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). KRAS is one of the Ras superfamily isoforms (N-RAS, H-RAS, and K-RAS) that frequently mutate in cancer. The mutation of KRAS is essentially performing the transformation in humans. Since most RAS proteins belong to GTPase, mutated and GTP-bound active RAS is found in many cancers. Despite KRAS being an important molecule in mostly human cancer, including pancreatic and breast, numerous efforts in years past have persisted in cancer therapy targeting KRAS mutant. This review summarizes the biological characteristics of these proteins and the recent progress in the exploration of KRAS-targeted anticancer, leading to new insight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Jin Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea; (H.J.K.); (H.N.L.)
| | - Han Na Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea; (H.J.K.); (H.N.L.)
| | - Mi Suk Jeong
- Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials and Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.S.J.); (S.B.J.); Tel.: +82-51-510-2523 (S.B.J.); Fax: +82-51-581-2544 (S.B.J.)
| | - Se Bok Jang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea; (H.J.K.); (H.N.L.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.J.); (S.B.J.); Tel.: +82-51-510-2523 (S.B.J.); Fax: +82-51-581-2544 (S.B.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Liu S, Jiang Z, Xiao P, Li X, Chen Y, Tang H, Chai Y, Liu Y, Zhu Z, Xie Q, He W, Ma Y, Jin L, Feng W. Hsa_circ_0005576 promotes osimertinib resistance through the miR-512-5p/IGF1R axis in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Cancer Sci 2021; 113:79-90. [PMID: 34706132 PMCID: PMC8748248 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osimertinib is a third‐generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR‐TKI) for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) harboring activating mutations, but patients ultimately develop acquired resistance. Circular RNAs are involved in EGFR‐TKI resistance, while the role of hsa_circ_0005576 in the osimertinib resistance of LUAD remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that hsa_circ_0005576 could facilitate osimertinib‐resistant LUAD cells. Briefly, knockdown of hsa_circ_0005576 not only suppressed the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of resistant LUAD cells, but also increased their sensitivity to osimertinib. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0005576, serving as an miRNA sponge, could directly interact with miR‐512‐5p and subsequently upregulate the miR‐512‐5p‐targeted insulin‐like growth factor 1 receptor. Rescue assays indicated that miR‐512‐5p inhibition could reverse the effects of hsa_circ_0005576 knockdown in LUAD cells resistant to osimertinib. Overall, our study revealed that hsa_circ_0005576 regulates proliferation and apoptosis through miR‐512‐5p/IGF1R signaling, which contributes further to the resistance of LUAD cells to osimertinib. In addition, this study provides a novel insight into the mechanisms underlying osimertinib resistance of LUAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suo Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China
| | - Zhibin Jiang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China
| | - Xiaozhi Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China
| | - Yinji Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China
| | - Yanfei Chai
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China
| | - Yicai Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China
| | - Zhao Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery Hunan Cancer HospitalThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South University Changsha China
| | - Qianyi Xie
- Department of Radiology The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Pediatrics The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China
| | - Yuchao Ma
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China
| | - Longyu Jin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Jiang Y, Zhuo X, Wu Y, Fu X, Mao C. PAR2 blockade reverses osimertinib resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer cells via attenuating ERK-mediated EMT and PD-L1 expression. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1869:119144. [PMID: 34599981 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Osimertinib, as the third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), is a first-line molecularly targeted drug for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the emergence of therapeutic resistance to osimertinib markedly impairs its efficiency and efficacy, leading to the failure of clinical applications. Novel molecular targets and drugs are urgently needed for reversing osimertinib resistance in NSCLC. Protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) that belongs to a subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors can stimulate the transactivation of EGFR to regulate multiple cellular signalling, actively participating in tumour progression. This study firstly discovered that PAR2 expression was notably enhanced when NSCLC cells became resistant to osimertinib. A PAR2 inhibitor facilitated osimertinib to attenuate EGFR transactivation, ERK phosphorylation, EMT and PD-L1 expression which were associated to osimertinib resistance. The combination of the PAR2 inhibitor and osimertinib also notably blocked cell viability, migration, 3D sphere formation and in vivo tumour growth whereas osimertinib itself lost such inhibitory effects in osimertinib-resistant NSCLC cells. Importantly, this reversal effect of PAR2 blockade was uncovered to depend on ERK-mediated EMT and PD-L1, since inhibition of β-arrestin or ERK, which could be modulated by PAR2, sensitized osimertinib to prevent EMT, PD-L1 expression and consequently overcame osimertinib resistance. Thus, this study demonstrated that PAR2 antagonism could limit ERK-mediated EMT and immune checkpoints, consequently attenuating EGFR transactivation and reactivate osimertinib. It suggested that PAR2 may be a novel drug target for osimertinib resistance, and PAR2 inhibition may be a promising strategy candidate for reversing EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Jiang
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Xin Zhuo
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yue Wu
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiujuan Fu
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Canquan Mao
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Yin P, Cui S, Liao X, Yao X. Galectin‑3 blockade suppresses the growth of cetuximab‑resistant human oral squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:685. [PMID: 34328195 PMCID: PMC8365594 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a cancer associated with high mortality (accounting for 3.1/100,000 deaths per year in Brazil in 2013) and a high frequency of amplification in the expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Treatment with the EGFR inhibitor cetuximab leads to drug resistance in patients with OSCC due to unknown mechanisms. Galectin‑3 (Gal‑3) is a β‑galactoside binding lectin that regulates multiple signaling pathways in cells. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Gal‑3 in cetuximab‑resistant (cet‑R) OSCC. The OSCC HSC3 cell line was selected to establish a mouse xenograft model, which was treated with cetuximab to induce resistance. Subsequently, a Gal‑3 inhibitor was used to treat cet‑R tumors, and the tumor volume was monitored. The expression of Gal‑3, phosphorylated (p)‑ERK1/2 and p‑Akt was assessed using immunohistochemistry. The combined effect of cetuximab and the Gal‑3 inhibitor on HSC3 tumor xenografts was also investigated. HSC3 cells were cultured in vitro to investigate the regulatory effects of Gal‑3 on ERK1/2 and Akt via western blotting. In addition, the effects of the Gal‑3 inhibitor on the proliferation, colony formation, invasion and apoptosis of HSC3 cells were investigated by performing Cell Counting Kit‑8, colony formation, Transwell and apoptosis assays, respectively. In cet‑R OSCC tumors, increased expression of Gal‑3, p‑ERK1/2 and p‑Akt was observed. Further research demonstrated that Gal‑3 regulated the expression of both ERK1/2 and Akt in HSC3 cells by promoting phosphorylation. Moreover, the Gal‑3 inhibitor decreased the proliferation and invasion, but increased the apoptosis of cet‑R HSC3 cells. In addition, the Gal‑3 inhibitor suppressed the growth of cet‑R tumors. Collectively, the results indicated that the Gal‑3 inhibitor and cetuximab displayed a synergistic inhibitory effect on OSCC tumors. In summary, the present study demonstrated that Gal‑3 may serve an important role in cet‑R OSCC. The combination of cetuximab and the Gal‑3 inhibitor may display a synergistic antitumor effect, thereby inhibiting the development of cetuximab resistance in OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yin
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 110112, P.R. China
| | - Shuanlong Cui
- Department of Stomatology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Xiangling Liao
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 110112, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Yao
- Department of Surgery, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Institute of Integrative Medicine, College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hijazo-Pechero S, Alay A, Marín R, Vilariño N, Muñoz-Pinedo C, Villanueva A, Santamaría D, Nadal E, Solé X. Gene Expression Profiling as a Potential Tool for Precision Oncology in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4734. [PMID: 34638221 PMCID: PMC8507534 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent technological advances and the application of high-throughput mutation and transcriptome analyses have improved our understanding of cancer diseases, including non-small cell lung cancer. For instance, genomic profiling has allowed the identification of mutational events which can be treated with specific agents. However, detection of DNA alterations does not fully recapitulate the complexity of the disease and it does not allow selection of patients that benefit from chemo- or immunotherapy. In this context, transcriptional profiling has emerged as a promising tool for patient stratification and treatment guidance. For instance, transcriptional profiling has proven to be especially useful in the context of acquired resistance to targeted therapies and patients lacking targetable genomic alterations. Moreover, the comprehensive characterization of the expression level of the different pathways and genes involved in tumor progression is likely to better predict clinical benefit from different treatments than single biomarkers such as PD-L1 or tumor mutational burden in the case of immunotherapy. However, intrinsic technical and analytical limitations have hindered the use of these expression signatures in the clinical setting. In this review, we will focus on the data reported on molecular classification of non-small cell lung cancer and discuss the potential of transcriptional profiling as a predictor of survival and as a patient stratification tool to further personalize treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Hijazo-Pechero
- Unit of Bioinformatics for Precision Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (S.H.-P.); (A.A.); (R.M.)
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
| | - Ania Alay
- Unit of Bioinformatics for Precision Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (S.H.-P.); (A.A.); (R.M.)
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
| | - Raúl Marín
- Unit of Bioinformatics for Precision Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (S.H.-P.); (A.A.); (R.M.)
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
| | - Noelia Vilariño
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-ICO L’Hospitalet (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Muñoz-Pinedo
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
| | - Alberto Villanueva
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - David Santamaría
- INSERM U1218, ACTION Laboratory, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie (IECB), Université de Bordeaux, F-33607 Pessac, France;
| | - Ernest Nadal
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Solé
- Unit of Bioinformatics for Precision Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (S.H.-P.); (A.A.); (R.M.)
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
- CIBER (Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red) Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Karlsen EA, Kahler S, Tefay J, Joseph SR, Simpson F. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Expression and Resistance Patterns to Targeted Therapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Review. Cells 2021; 10:1206. [PMID: 34069119 PMCID: PMC8156654 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death. The majority of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumours express epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which allows for precise and targeted therapy in these patients. The dysregulation of EGFR in solid epithelial cancers has two distinct mechanisms: either a kinase-activating mutation in EGFR (EGFR-mutant) and/or an overexpression of wild-type EGFR (wt-EGFR). The underlying mechanism of EGFR dysregulation influences the efficacy of anti-EGFR therapy as well as the nature of resistance patterns and secondary mutations. This review will critically analyse the mechanisms of EGFR expression in NSCLC, its relevance to currently approved targeted treatment options, and the complex nature of secondary mutations and intrinsic and acquired resistance patterns in NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma-Anne Karlsen
- Simpson Laboratory, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane 4102, Australia; (S.R.J.); (F.S.)
- Department of General Surgery, Mater Hospital Brisbane, South Brisbane 4101, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4067, Australia; (S.K.); (J.T.)
| | - Sam Kahler
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4067, Australia; (S.K.); (J.T.)
| | - Joan Tefay
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4067, Australia; (S.K.); (J.T.)
- Department of General Surgery, Redland Hospital, Cleveland 4163, Australia
| | - Shannon R. Joseph
- Simpson Laboratory, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane 4102, Australia; (S.R.J.); (F.S.)
| | - Fiona Simpson
- Simpson Laboratory, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane 4102, Australia; (S.R.J.); (F.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Haga Y, Marrocco I, Noronha A, Uribe ML, Nataraj NB, Sekar A, Drago-Garcia D, Borgoni S, Lindzen M, Giri S, Wiemann S, Tsutsumi Y, Yarden Y. Host-Dependent Phenotypic Resistance to EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. Cancer Res 2021; 81:3862-3875. [PMID: 33941614 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancers driven by mutant forms of EGFR invariably develop resistance to kinase inhibitors, often due to secondary mutations. Here we describe an unconventional mechanism of resistance to dacomitinib, a newly approved covalent EGFR kinase inhibitor, and uncover a previously unknown step of resistance acquisition. Dacomitinib-resistant (DR) derivatives of lung cancer cells were established by means of gradually increasing dacomitinib concentrations. These DR cells acquired no secondary mutations in the kinase or other domains of EGFR. Along with resistance to other EGFR inhibitors, DR cells acquired features characteristic to epithelial-mesenchymal transition, including an expanded population of aldehyde dehydrogenase-positive cells and upregulation of AXL, a receptor previously implicated in drug resistance. Unexpectedly, when implanted in animals, DR cells reverted to a dacomitinib-sensitive state. Nevertheless, cell lines derived from regressing tumors displayed renewed resistance when cultured in vitro. Three-dimensional and cocultures along with additional analyses indicated lack of involvement of hypoxia, fibroblasts, and immune cells in phenotype reversal, implying that other host-dependent mechanisms might nullify nonmutational modes of resistance. Thus, similar to the phenotypic resistance of bacteria treated with antibiotics, the reversible resisters described here likely evolve from drug-tolerant persisters and give rise to the irreversible, secondary mutation-driven nonreversible resister state. SIGNIFICANCE: This study reports that stepwise acquisition of kinase inhibitor resistance in lung cancers driven by mutant EGFR comprises a nonmutational, reversible resister state. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/81/14/3862/F1.large.jpg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Haga
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ilaria Marrocco
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ashish Noronha
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Mary Luz Uribe
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Arunachalam Sekar
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Diana Drago-Garcia
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Simone Borgoni
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Moshit Lindzen
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Suvendu Giri
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Stefan Wiemann
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yasuo Tsutsumi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yosef Yarden
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kholodenko BN, Rauch N, Kolch W, Rukhlenko OS. A systematic analysis of signaling reactivation and drug resistance. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109157. [PMID: 34038718 PMCID: PMC8202068 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that the reactivation of initially inhibited signaling pathways causes drug resistance. Here, we analyze how network topologies affect signaling responses to drug treatment. Network-dependent drug resistance is commonly attributed to negative and positive feedback loops. However, feedback loops by themselves cannot completely reactivate steady-state signaling. Newly synthesized negative feedback regulators can induce a transient overshoot but cannot fully restore output signaling. Complete signaling reactivation can only occur when at least two routes, an activating and inhibitory, connect an inhibited upstream protein to a downstream output. Irrespective of the network topology, drug-induced overexpression or increase in target dimerization can restore or even paradoxically increase downstream pathway activity. Kinase dimerization cooperates with inhibitor-mediated alleviation of negative feedback. Our findings inform drug development by considering network context and optimizing the design drug combinations. As an example, we predict and experimentally confirm specific combinations of RAF inhibitors that block mutant NRAS signaling. Kholodenko et al. uncover signaling network circuitries and molecular mechanisms necessary and sufficient for complete reactivation or overshoot of steady-state signaling after kinase inhibitor treatment. The two means to revive signaling output fully are through network topology or reactivation of the kinase activity of the primary drug target. Blocking RAF dimer activity by a combination of type I½ and type II RAF inhibitors efficiently blocks mutant NRAS-driven ERK signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boris N Kholodenko
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Nora Rauch
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Walter Kolch
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Oleksii S Rukhlenko
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Herrick WG, Kilpatrick CL, Hollingshead MG, Esposito D, O'Sullivan Coyne G, Gross AM, Johnson BC, Chen AP, Widemann BC, Doroshow JH, Parchment RE, Srivastava AK. Isoform- and Phosphorylation-specific Multiplexed Quantitative Pharmacodynamics of Drugs Targeting PI3K and MAPK Signaling in Xenograft Models and Clinical Biopsies. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:749-760. [PMID: 33536190 PMCID: PMC8026683 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK (MAPK) and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways influence several cell functions involved in oncogenesis, making them attractive drug targets. We describe a novel multiplex immunoassay to quantitate isoform-specific phosphorylation of proteins in the PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways as a tool to assess pharmacodynamic changes. Isoform-specific assays measuring total protein and site-specific phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2, MEK1/2, AKT1/2/3, and rpS6 were developed on the Luminex platform with validated antibody reagents. The multiplex assay demonstrated satisfactory analytic performance. Fit-for-purpose validation was performed with xenograft models treated with selected agents. In PC3 and HCC70 xenograft tumors, the PI3Kβ inhibitor AZD8186 suppressed phosphorylation of AKT1, AKT2, and rpS6 for 4 to 7 hours post single dose, but levels returned to baseline by 24 hours. AKT3 phosphorylation was suppressed in PC3 xenografts at all doses tested, but only at the highest dose in HCC70. The AKT inhibitor MK-2206 reduced AKT1/2/3 phosphorylation in SW620 xenograft tumors 2 to 4 hours postdose, and the MEK inhibitor selumetinib reduced MEK1/2 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation by up to 50% and >90%, respectively. Clinical utility was demonstrated by analyzing biopsies from untreated patients with plexiform neurofibromas enrolled in a clinical trial of selumetinib (NCT02407405). These biopsies showed MEK and ERK phosphorylation levels sufficient for measuring up to 90% inhibition, and low AKT and rpS6 phosphorylation. This validated multiplex immunoassay demonstrates the degree and duration of phosphorylation modulation for three distinct classes of drugs targeting the PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William G Herrick
- Clinical Pharmacodynamics Biomarker Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland
| | - Casey L Kilpatrick
- Clinical Pharmacodynamics Biomarker Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland
| | | | - Dominic Esposito
- Protein Expression Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland
| | | | - Andrea M Gross
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
- Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Barry C Johnson
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alice P Chen
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Brigitte C Widemann
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
- Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - James H Doroshow
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
- Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ralph E Parchment
- Clinical Pharmacodynamics Biomarker Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland
| | - Apurva K Srivastava
- Clinical Pharmacodynamics Biomarker Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Day EK, Sosale NG, Xiao A, Zhong Q, Purow B, Lazzara MJ. Glioblastoma Cell Resistance to EGFR and MET Inhibition Can Be Overcome via Blockade of FGFR-SPRY2 Bypass Signaling. Cell Rep 2021; 30:3383-3396.e7. [PMID: 32160544 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SPRY2 is a purported tumor suppressor in certain cancers that promotes tumor growth and resistance to receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in glioblastoma. Here, we identify a SPRY2-dependent bypass signaling mechanism in glioblastoma that drives resistance to EGFR and MET inhibition. In glioblastoma cells treated with EGFR and MET inhibitors, SPRY2 expression is initially suppressed but eventually rebounds due to NF-κB pathway activation, resultant autocrine FGFR activation, and reactivation of ERK, which controls SPRY2 transcription. In cells where FGFR autocrine signaling does not occur and ERK does not reactivate, or in which ERK reactivates but SPRY2 cannot be expressed, EGFR and MET inhibitors are more effective at promoting death. The same mechanism also drives acquired resistance to EGFR and MET inhibition. Furthermore, tumor xenografts expressing an ERK-dependent bioluminescent reporter engineered for these studies reveal that this bypass resistance mechanism plays out in vivo but can be overcome through simultaneous FGFR inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evan K Day
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nisha G Sosale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Aizhen Xiao
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Qing Zhong
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Benjamin Purow
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Matthew J Lazzara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kumagai S, Koyama S, Nishikawa H. Antitumour immunity regulated by aberrant ERBB family signalling. Nat Rev Cancer 2021; 21:181-197. [PMID: 33462501 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-020-00322-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant signalling of ERBB family members plays an important role in tumorigenesis and in the escape from antitumour immunity in multiple malignancies. Molecular-targeted agents against these signalling pathways exhibit robust clinical efficacy, but patients inevitably experience acquired resistance to these molecular-targeted therapies. Although cancer immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), have shown durable antitumour response in a subset of the treated patients in multiple cancer types, clinical efficacy is limited in cancers harbouring activating gene alterations of ERBB family members. In particular, ICI treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancers with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) alterations and breast cancers with HER2 alterations failed to show clinical benefits, suggesting that EGFR and HER2 signalling may have an essential role in inhibiting antitumour immune responses. Here, we discuss the mechanisms by which the signalling of ERBB family members affects not only autonomous cancer hallmarks, such as uncontrolled cell proliferation, but also antitumour immune responses in the tumour microenvironment and the potential application of immune-genome precision medicine into immunotherapy and molecular-targeted therapy focusing on the signalling of ERBB family members.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Kumagai
- Department of Immunology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center (EPOC), National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shohei Koyama
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center (EPOC), National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Nishikawa
- Department of Immunology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center (EPOC), National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Healy FM, Prior IA, MacEwan DJ. The importance of Ras in drug resistance in cancer. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:2844-2867. [PMID: 33634485 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we analyse the impact of oncogenic Ras mutations in mediating cancer drug resistance and the progress made in the abrogation of this resistance, through pharmacological targeting. At a physiological level, Ras is implicated in many cellular proliferation and survival pathways. However, mutations within this small GTPase can be responsible for the initiation of cancer, therapeutic resistance and failure, and ultimately disease relapse. Often termed "undruggable," Ras is notoriously difficult to target directly, due to its structure and intrinsic activity. Thus, Ras-mediated drug resistance remains a considerable pharmacological problem. However, with advances in both analytical techniques and novel drug classes, the therapeutic landscape against Ras is changing. Allele-specific, direct Ras-targeting agents have reached clinical trials for the first time, indicating there may, at last, be hope of targeting such an elusive but significant protein for better more effective cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona M Healy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology (ISMIB), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ian A Prior
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology (ISMIB), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - David J MacEwan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology (ISMIB), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Recent Advancements in the Mechanisms Underlying Resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040663. [PMID: 33562324 PMCID: PMC7915065 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Immune checkpoint blockade targeting PD-1/PD-L1 has a promising therapeutic efficacy in different tumors, but a significant percentage of patients cannot benefit from this therapy due to primary and acquired resistance during treatment. This review summarizes the recent findings of PD-L1 role in resistance to therapies through the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and other correlating signaling pathways. A special focus will be given to the key mechanisms underlying resistance to the PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in cancer immunotherapy. Furthermore, we also discuss the promising combination of therapeutic strategies for patients resistant to the PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in order to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Abstract Release of immunoreactive negative regulatory factors such as immune checkpoint limits antitumor responses. PD-L1 as a significant immunosuppressive factor has been involved in resistance to therapies such as chemotherapy and target therapy in various cancers. Via interacting with PD-1, PD-L1 can regulate other factors or lead to immune evasion of cancer cells. Besides, immune checkpoint blockade targeting PD-1/PD-L1 has promising therapeutic efficacy in the different tumors, but a significant percentage of patients cannot benefit from this therapy due to primary and acquired resistance during treatment. In this review, we described the utility of PD-L1 expression levels for predicting poor prognosis in some tumors and present evidence for a role of PD-L1 in resistance to therapies through PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and other correlating signaling pathways. Afterwards, we elaborate the key mechanisms underlying resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in cancer immunotherapy. Furthermore, promising combination of therapeutic strategies for patients resistant to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy or other therapies associated with PD-L1 expression was also summarized.
Collapse
|
48
|
Bersani F, Morena D, Picca F, Morotti A, Tabbò F, Bironzo P, Righi L, Taulli R. Future perspectives from lung cancer pre-clinical models: new treatments are coming? Transl Lung Cancer Res 2020; 9:2629-2644. [PMID: 33489823 PMCID: PMC7815341 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer currently stands out as both the most common and the most lethal type of cancer, the latter feature being partly explained by the fact that the majority of lung cancer patients already display advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. In recent years, the development of specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) for the therapeutic benefit of patients harboring certain molecular aberrations and the introduction of prospective molecular profiling in the clinical practice have revolutionized the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the identification of the best strategies to enhance treatment effectiveness and to avoid the critical phenomenon of drug tolerance and acquired resistance in patients with lung cancer still remains an unmet medical need. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) are two complementary approaches to define tumor heterogeneity and clonal evolution in a non-invasive manner and to perform functional studies on metastatic cells. Finally, the recent discovery that the tumor microenvironment architecture can be faithfully recapitulated in vitro represents a novel pre-clinical frontier with the potential to optimize more effective immunology-based precision therapies that could rapidly move forward to the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bersani
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Deborah Morena
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Picca
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Morotti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Tabbò
- Thoracic Unit and Medical Oncology Division, Department of Oncology at San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Paolo Bironzo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Italy.,Thoracic Unit and Medical Oncology Division, Department of Oncology at San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Luisella Righi
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Italy.,Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology at San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Taulli
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Jin WJ, Erbe AK, Schwarz CN, Jaquish AA, Anderson BR, Sriramaneni RN, Jagodinsky JC, Bates AM, Clark PA, Le T, Lan KH, Chen Y, Kim K, Morris ZS. Tumor-Specific Antibody, Cetuximab, Enhances the In Situ Vaccine Effect of Radiation in Immunologically Cold Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Immunol 2020; 11:591139. [PMID: 33281820 PMCID: PMC7689006 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.591139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tumors that over-expresses huEGFR, the anti-EGFR antibody, cetuximab, antagonizes tumor cell viability and sensitizes to radiation therapy. However, the immunologic interactions between cetuximab and radiation therapy are not well understood. We transduced two syngeneic murine HNSCC tumor cell lines to express human EGFR (MOC1- and MOC2-huEGFR) in order to facilitate evaluation of the immunologic interactions between radiation and cetuximab. Cetuximab was capable of inducing antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in MOC1- and MOC2-huEGFR cells but showed no effect on the viability or radiosensitivity of these tumor cells, which also express muEGFR that is not targeted by cetuximab. Radiation enhanced the susceptibility of MOC1- and MOC2-huEGFR to ADCC, eliciting a type I interferon response and increasing expression of NKG2D ligands on these tumor cells. Co-culture of splenocytes with cetuximab and MOC2-huEGFR cells resulted in increased expression of IFNγ in not only NK cells but also in CD8+ T cells, and this was dependent upon splenocyte expression of FcγR. In MOC2-huEGFR tumors, combining radiation and cetuximab induced tumor growth delay that required NK cells, EGFR expression, and FcγR on host immune cells. Combination of radiation and cetuximab increased tumor infiltration with NK and CD8+ T cells but not regulatory T cells. Expression of PD-L1 was increased in MOC2-huEGFR tumors following treatment with radiation and cetuximab. Delivering anti-PD-L1 antibody with radiation and cetuximab improved survival and resulted in durable tumor regression in some mice. Notably, these cured mice showed evidence of an adaptive memory response that was not specifically directed against huEGFR. These findings suggest an opportunity to improve the treatment of HNSCC by combining radiation and cetuximab to engage an innate anti-tumor immune response that may prime an effective adaptive immune response when combined with immune checkpoint blockade. It is possible that this approach could be extended to any immunologically cold tumor that does not respond to immune checkpoint blockade alone and for which a tumor-specific antibody exists or could be developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Won Jong Jin
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Amy K. Erbe
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Ciara N. Schwarz
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Abigail A. Jaquish
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Bryce R. Anderson
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | | | - Justin C. Jagodinsky
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Amber M. Bates
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Paul A. Clark
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Trang Le
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Keng-Hsueh Lan
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - KyungMann Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Zachary S. Morris
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Nagano T, Tachihara M, Nishimura Y. Molecular Mechanisms and Targeted Therapies Including Immunotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 19:595-630. [PMID: 30526458 DOI: 10.2174/1568009619666181210114559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Molecular targeted therapy has greatly advanced the field of treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for the majority of lung cancers. Indeed, gefitinib, which was the first molecular targeted therapeutic agent, has actually doubled the survival time of NSCLC patients. Vigorous efforts of clinicians and researchers have revealed that lung cancer develops through the activating mutations of many driver genes including the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF), and rearranged during transfection (RET) genes. Although ALK, ROS1, and RET are rare genetic abnormalities, corresponding tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) can exert dramatic therapeutic effects. In addition to anticancer drugs targeting driver genes, bevacizumab specifically binds to human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and blocks the VEGF signaling pathway. The VEGF signal blockade suppresses angiogenesis in tumor tissues and inhibits tumor growth. In this review, we also explore immunotherapy, which is a promising new NSCLC treatment approach. In general, antitumor immune responses are suppressed in cancer patients, and cancer cells escape from the immune surveillance mechanism. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are antibodies that target the primary escape mechanisms, immune checkpoints. Patients who respond to ICIs are reported to experience longlasting therapeutic effects. A wide range of clinical approaches, including combination therapy involving chemotherapy or radiation plus adjuvant therapy, are being developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Nagano
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Motoko Tachihara
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nishimura
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| |
Collapse
|