1
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Wu G, Pan B, Shi H, Yi Y, Zheng X, Ma H, Zhao M, Zhang Z, Cheng L, Huang Y, Guo W. Neutrophils' dual role in cancer: from tumor progression to immunotherapeutic potential. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 140:112788. [PMID: 39083923 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is intricately associated with cancer progression, characterized by dynamic interactions among various cellular and molecular components that significantly impact the carcinogenic process. Notably, neutrophils play a crucial dual role in regulating this complex environment. These cells oscillate between promoting and inhibiting tumor activity, responding to a multitude of cytokines, chemokines, and tumor-derived factors. This response modulates immune reactions and affects the proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis of cancer cells. A significant aspect of their influence is their interaction with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responses in cancer cells, markedly altering tumor immunodynamics by modulating the phenotypic plasticity and functionality of neutrophils. Furthermore, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) exert a pivotal influence in the progression of malignancies by enhancing inflammation, metastasis, immune suppression, and thrombosis, thereby exacerbating the disease. In the realm of immunotherapy, checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-L1/PD-1 and CTLA-4 among others have underscored the significant role of neutrophils in enhancing therapeutic responses. Recent research has highlighted the potential of using neutrophils for targeted drug delivery through nanoparticle systems, which precisely control drug release and significantly enhance antitumor efficacy. This review thoroughly examines the diverse functions of neutrophils in cancer treatment, emphasizing their potential in regulating immune therapy responses and as drug delivery carriers, offering innovative perspectives and profound implications for the development of targeted diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gujie Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Binyang Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haochun Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjun Yi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobin Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiyun Ma
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Mengnan Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenshan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland (NUI), Galway, Ireland.
| | - Yiwei Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Weigang Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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2
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Hourani T, Sharma A, Luwor RB, Achuthan AA. Transforming growth factor-β in tumor microenvironment: Understanding its impact on monocytes and macrophages for its targeting. Int Rev Immunol 2024:1-16. [PMID: 39377520 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2024.2411998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
TGF-β is a pivotal cytokine that orchestrates various aspects of cancer progression, including tumor growth, metastasis, and immune evasion. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the multifaceted role of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) in cancer biology, focusing on its intricate interactions with monocytes and macrophages within the tumor microenvironment (TME). We specifically discuss how TGF-β modulates monocyte and macrophage activities, leading to immunosuppression and tumor progression. We conclude with the current translational and clinical efforts targeting TGF-β, recognizing the promising role of this strategy in immunooncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana Hourani
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Amit Sharma
- Department of Integrated Oncology, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rodney B Luwor
- Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat, Australia
- Federation University, Ballarat, Australia
| | - Adrian A Achuthan
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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3
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Yang X, Bhowmick K, Rao S, Xiang X, Ohshiro K, Amdur RL, Hassan MI, Mohammad T, Crandall K, Cifani P, Shetty K, Lyons SK, Merrill JR, Vegesna AK, John S, Latham PS, Crawford JM, Mishra B, Dasarathy S, Wang XW, Yu H, Wang Z, Huang H, Krainer AR, Mishra L. Aldehydes alter TGF-β signaling and induce obesity and cancer. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114676. [PMID: 39217614 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and fatty liver diseases-metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)-affect over one-third of the global population and are exacerbated in individuals with reduced functional aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), observed in approximately 560 million people. Current treatment to prevent disease progression to cancer remains inadequate, requiring innovative approaches. We observe that Aldh2-/- and Aldh2-/-Sptbn1+/- mice develop phenotypes of human metabolic syndrome (MetS) and MASH with accumulation of endogenous aldehydes such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). Mechanistic studies demonstrate aberrant transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling through 4-HNE modification of the SMAD3 adaptor SPTBN1 (β2-spectrin) to pro-fibrotic and pro-oncogenic phenotypes, which is restored to normal SMAD3 signaling by targeting SPTBN1 with small interfering RNA (siRNA). Significantly, therapeutic inhibition of SPTBN1 blocks MASH and fibrosis in a human model and, additionally, improves glucose handling in Aldh2-/- and Aldh2-/-Sptbn1+/- mice. This study identifies SPTBN1 as a critical regulator of the functional phenotype of toxic aldehyde-induced MASH and a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Yang
- Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Krishanu Bhowmick
- Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Shuyun Rao
- Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Xiyan Xiang
- Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Kazufumi Ohshiro
- Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Richard L Amdur
- Quantitative Intelligence Unit, The Institutes for Health Systems Science & Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Keith Crandall
- Computational Biology Institute, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Paolo Cifani
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Kirti Shetty
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Scott K Lyons
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Joseph R Merrill
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Anil K Vegesna
- Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Sahara John
- Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Patricia S Latham
- Department of Pathology, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - James M Crawford
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Bibhuti Mishra
- Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA; Department of Neurology, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Srinivasan Dasarathy
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Xin Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Liver Cancer Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Herbert Yu
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Zhanwei Wang
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Hai Huang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Adrian R Krainer
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Lopa Mishra
- Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
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4
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Cortellino S, D'Angelo M, Quintiliani M, Giordano A. Cancer knocks you out by fasting: Cachexia as a consequence of metabolic alterations in cancer. J Cell Physiol 2024:e31417. [PMID: 39245862 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Neoplastic transformation reprograms tumor and surrounding host cell metabolism, increasing nutrient consumption and depletion in the tumor microenvironment. Tumors uptake nutrients from neighboring normal tissues or the bloodstream to meet energy and anabolic demands. Tumor-induced chronic inflammation, a high-energy process, also consumes nutrients to sustain its dysfunctional activities. These tumor-related metabolic and physiological changes, including chronic inflammation, negatively impact systemic metabolism and physiology. Furthermore, the adverse effects of antitumor therapy and tumor obstruction impair the endocrine, neural, and gastrointestinal systems, thereby confounding the systemic status of patients. These alterations result in decreased appetite, impaired nutrient absorption, inflammation, and shift from anabolic to catabolic metabolism. Consequently, cancer patients often suffer from malnutrition, which worsens prognosis and increases susceptibility to secondary adverse events. This review explores how neoplastic transformation affects tumor and microenvironment metabolism and inflammation, leading to poor prognosis, and discusses potential strategies and clinical interventions to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Cortellino
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Responsible Research Hospital, Campobasso, Italy
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM), School for Advanced Studies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- SHRO Italia Foundation ETS, Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | - Margherita D'Angelo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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5
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Wang L, Lynch C, Pitroda SP, Piffkó A, Yang K, Huser AK, Liang HL, Weichselbaum RR. Radiotherapy and immunology. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20232101. [PMID: 38771260 PMCID: PMC11110906 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20232101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The majority of cancer patients receive radiotherapy during the course of treatment, delivered with curative intent for local tumor control or as part of a multimodality regimen aimed at eliminating distant metastasis. A major focus of research has been DNA damage; however, in the past two decades, emphasis has shifted to the important role the immune system plays in radiotherapy-induced anti-tumor effects. Radiotherapy reprograms the tumor microenvironment, triggering DNA and RNA sensing cascades that activate innate immunity and ultimately enhance adaptive immunity. In opposition, radiotherapy also induces suppression of anti-tumor immunity, including recruitment of regulatory T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and suppressive macrophages. The balance of pro- and anti-tumor immunity is regulated in part by radiotherapy-induced chemokines and cytokines. Microbiota can also influence radiotherapy outcomes and is under clinical investigation. Blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and CTLA-4 has been extensively investigated in combination with radiotherapy; we include a review of clinical trials involving inhibition of these immune checkpoints and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Wang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Connor Lynch
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sean P. Pitroda
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - András Piffkó
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kaiting Yang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amy K. Huser
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hua Laura Liang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ralph R. Weichselbaum
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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6
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Gu S, Derynck R, Chen YG, Feng XH. New progress in roles of TGF-β signaling crosstalks in cellular functions, immunity and diseases. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 13:11. [PMID: 38780677 PMCID: PMC11116299 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-024-00194-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The family of secreted dimeric proteins known as the Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) family plays a critical role in facilitating intercellular communication within multicellular animals. A recent symposium on TGF-β Biology - Signaling, Development, and Diseases, held on December 19-21, 2023, in Hangzhou, China, showcased some latest advances in our understanding TGF-β biology and also served as an important forum for scientific collaboration and exchange of ideas. More than twenty presentations and discussions at the symposium delved into the intricate mechanisms of TGF-β superfamily signaling pathways, their roles in normal development and immunity, and the pathological conditions associated with pathway dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchen Gu
- Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 321000, Zhejiang, China.
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Rik Derynck
- Department of Cell & Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, San Francisco, USA
| | - Ye-Guang Chen
- The MOE Basic Research and Innovation Center for the Targeted Therapeutics of Solid Tumors, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China.
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Xin-Hua Feng
- Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 321000, Zhejiang, China.
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Hu A, Sun L, Lin H, Liao Y, Yang H, Mao Y. Harnessing innate immune pathways for therapeutic advancement in cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:68. [PMID: 38523155 PMCID: PMC10961329 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01765-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The innate immune pathway is receiving increasing attention in cancer therapy. This pathway is ubiquitous across various cell types, not only in innate immune cells but also in adaptive immune cells, tumor cells, and stromal cells. Agonists targeting the innate immune pathway have shown profound changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and improved tumor prognosis in preclinical studies. However, to date, the clinical success of drugs targeting the innate immune pathway remains limited. Interestingly, recent studies have shown that activation of the innate immune pathway can paradoxically promote tumor progression. The uncertainty surrounding the therapeutic effectiveness of targeted drugs for the innate immune pathway is a critical issue that needs immediate investigation. In this review, we observe that the role of the innate immune pathway demonstrates heterogeneity, linked to the tumor development stage, pathway status, and specific cell types. We propose that within the TME, the innate immune pathway exhibits multidimensional diversity. This diversity is fundamentally rooted in cellular heterogeneity and is manifested as a variety of signaling networks. The pro-tumor effect of innate immune pathway activation essentially reflects the suppression of classical pathways and the activation of potential pro-tumor alternative pathways. Refining our understanding of the tumor's innate immune pathway network and employing appropriate targeting strategies can enhance our ability to harness the anti-tumor potential of the innate immune pathway and ultimately bridge the gap from preclinical to clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankang Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Institute for Translational Brain Research, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Hao Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yuheng Liao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), and Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine (Ministry of Education), and Molecular and Cell Biology Lab, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
- Institute for Translational Brain Research, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
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Awasthi D, Sarode A. Neutrophils at the Crossroads: Unraveling the Multifaceted Role in the Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2929. [PMID: 38474175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, research has prominently established neutrophils as key contributors to the intricate landscape of tumor immune biology. As polymorphonuclear granulocytes within the innate immune system, neutrophils play a pivotal and abundant role, constituting approximately ∼70% of all peripheral leukocytes in humans and ∼10-20% in mice. This substantial presence positions them as the frontline defense against potential threats. Equipped with a diverse array of mechanisms, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, degranulation, phagocytosis, and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), neutrophils undeniably serve as indispensable components of the innate immune system. While these innate functions enable neutrophils to interact with adaptive immune cells such as T, B, and NK cells, influencing their functions, they also engage in dynamic interactions with rapidly dividing tumor cells. Consequently, neutrophils are emerging as crucial regulators in both pro- and anti-tumor immunity. This comprehensive review delves into recent research to illuminate the multifaceted roles of neutrophils. It explores their diverse functions within the tumor microenvironment, shedding light on their heterogeneity and their impact on tumor recruitment, progression, and modulation. Additionally, the review underscores their potential anti-tumoral capabilities. Finally, it provides valuable insights into clinical therapies targeting neutrophils, presenting a promising approach to leveraging innate immunity for enhanced cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Awasthi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Aditya Sarode
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Ouyang Y, Zhong W, Xu P, Wang B, Zhang L, Yang M, Chen J, Li H, Li S, Chen X, Xu L, Ou Z, Wu D, Lin Y, Wang C, Huang J, Lin T. Tumor-associated neutrophils suppress CD8 + T cell immunity in urothelial bladder carcinoma through the COX-2/PGE2/IDO1 Axis. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:880-891. [PMID: 38233491 PMCID: PMC10912642 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02552-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC) patients don't respond to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, possibly due to tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) suppressing lymphocyte immune response. METHODS We conducted a meta-analysis on the predictive value of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in ICB response and investigated TANs' role in UBC. We used RNA-sequencing, HALO spatial analysis, single-cell RNA-sequencing, and flow cytometry to study the impacts of TANs and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on IDO1 expression. Animal experiments evaluated celecoxib's efficacy in targeting PGE2 synthesis. RESULTS Our analysis showed that higher TAN infiltration predicted worse outcomes in UBC patients receiving ICB therapy. Our research revealed that TANs promote IDO1 expression in cancer cells, resulting in immunosuppression. We also found that PGE2 synthesized by COX-2 in neutrophils played a key role in upregulating IDO1 in cancer cells. Animal experiments showed that targeting PGE2 synthesis in neutrophils with celecoxib enhanced the efficacy of ICB treatment. CONCLUSIONS TAN-secreted PGE2 upregulates IDO1, dampening T cell function in UBC. Celecoxib targeting of PGE2 synthesis represents a promising approach to enhance ICB efficacy in UBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ouyang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Wenlong Zhong
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China.
| | - Peiqi Xu
- Department of Urology, Yan' an Hospital, Kunming Medical University, 245 Renmin Dong Road, Kunming, Yunnan, 650051, China
- Department of Intensive Care, Ezhou Central Hospital, 9 Wenxing Road, Ezhou, Hubei, 436099, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Yan' an Hospital, Kunming Medical University, 245 Renmin Dong Road, Kunming, Yunnan, 650051, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Urology, Yan' an Hospital, Kunming Medical University, 245 Renmin Dong Road, Kunming, Yunnan, 650051, China
| | - Junyu Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Hong Li
- BioMed Laboratory, Guangzhou Jingke Biotech Group, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510320, China
| | - Sheng Li
- BioMed Laboratory, Guangzhou Jingke Biotech Group, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510320, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Longhao Xu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Ziwei Ou
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Daqin Wu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- Department of Urology, Yan' an Hospital, Kunming Medical University, 245 Renmin Dong Road, Kunming, Yunnan, 650051, China.
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China.
| | - Tianxin Lin
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China.
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10
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Dussold C, Zilinger K, Turunen J, Heimberger AB, Miska J. Modulation of macrophage metabolism as an emerging immunotherapy strategy for cancer. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e175445. [PMID: 38226622 PMCID: PMC10786697 DOI: 10.1172/jci175445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunometabolism is a burgeoning field of research that investigates how immune cells harness nutrients to drive their growth and functions. Myeloid cells play a pivotal role in tumor biology, yet their metabolic influence on tumor growth and antitumor immune responses remains inadequately understood. This Review explores the metabolic landscape of tumor-associated macrophages, including the immunoregulatory roles of glucose, fatty acids, glutamine, and arginine, alongside the tools used to perturb their metabolism to promote antitumor immunity. The confounding role of metabolic inhibitors on our interpretation of myeloid metabolic phenotypes will also be discussed. A binary metabolic schema is currently used to describe macrophage immunological phenotypes, characterizing inflammatory M1 phenotypes, as supported by glycolysis, and immunosuppressive M2 phenotypes, as supported by oxidative phosphorylation. However, this classification likely underestimates the variety of states in vivo. Understanding these nuances will be critical when developing interventional metabolic strategies. Future research should focus on refining drug specificity and targeted delivery methods to maximize therapeutic efficacy.
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11
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Reghu G, Vemula PK, Bhat SG, Narayanan S. Harnessing the innate immune system by revolutionizing macrophage-mediated cancer immunotherapy. J Biosci 2024; 49:63. [PMID: 38864238 PMCID: PMC11286319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a promising and safer alternative to conventional cancer therapies. It involves adaptive T-cell therapy, cancer vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) based therapies. However, most of these modalities encounter restrictions in solid tumours owing to a dense, highly hypoxic and immune-suppressive microenvironment as well as the heterogeneity of tumour antigens. The elevated intra-tumoural pressure and mutational rates within fastgrowing solid tumours present challenges in efficient drug targeting and delivery. The tumour microenvironment is a dynamic niche infiltrated by a variety of immune cells, most of which are macrophages. Since they form a part of the innate immune system, targeting macrophages has become a plausible immunotherapeutic approach. In this review, we discuss several versatile approaches (both at pre-clinical and clinical stages) such as the direct killing of tumour-associated macrophages, reprogramming pro-tumour macrophages to anti-tumour phenotypes, inhibition of macrophage recruitment into the tumour microenvironment, novel CAR macrophages, and genetically engineered macrophages that have been devised thus far. These strategies comprise a strong and adaptable macrophage-toolkit in the ongoing fight against cancer and by understanding their significance, we may unlock the full potential of these immune cells in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri Reghu
- Department of Biotechnology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 682 022, India
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12
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Wang L, Si W, Yu X, Piffko A, Dou X, Ding X, Bugno J, Yang K, Wen C, Zhang L, Chen D, Huang X, Wang J, Arina A, Pitroda S, Chmura SJ, He C, Liang HL, Weichselbaum R. Epitranscriptional regulation of TGF-β pseudoreceptor BAMBI by m6A/YTHDF2 drives extrinsic radioresistance. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e172919. [PMID: 38099498 PMCID: PMC10721150 DOI: 10.1172/jci172919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of TGF-β signaling serves as an extrinsic resistance mechanism that limits the potential for radiotherapy. Bone morphogenetic protein and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI) antagonizes TGF-β signaling and is implicated in cancer progression. However, the molecular mechanisms of BAMBI regulation in immune cells and its impact on antitumor immunity after radiation have not been established. Here, we show that ionizing radiation (IR) specifically reduces BAMBI expression in immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in both murine models and humans. Mechanistically, YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA-binding protein F2 (YTHDF2) directly binds and degrades Bambi transcripts in an N6-methyladenosine-dependent (m6A-dependent) manner, and this relies on NF-κB signaling. BAMBI suppresses the tumor-infiltrating capacity and suppression function of MDSCs via inhibiting TGF-β signaling. Adeno-associated viral delivery of Bambi (AAV-Bambi) to the tumor microenvironment boosts the antitumor effects of radiotherapy and radioimmunotherapy combinations. Intriguingly, combination of AAV-Bambi and IR not only improves local tumor control, but also suppresses distant metastasis, further supporting its clinical translation potential. Our findings uncover a surprising role of BAMBI in myeloid cells, unveiling a potential therapeutic strategy for overcoming extrinsic radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Wang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Wei Si
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xianbin Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Andras Piffko
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Xiaoyang Dou
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xingchen Ding
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jason Bugno
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- The Committee on Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics and
| | - Kaiting Yang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Chuangyu Wen
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Linda Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Dapeng Chen
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xiaona Huang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jiaai Wang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ainhoa Arina
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sean Pitroda
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Chuan He
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hua Laura Liang
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ralph Weichselbaum
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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13
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Li B, Li W, Liang Y, Zhang C, Kong G, Li Z. Spleen-Derived CCL9 Recruits MDSC to Facilitate Tumor Growth in Orthotopic Hepatoma Mice. Glob Med Genet 2023; 10:348-356. [PMID: 38046278 PMCID: PMC10691915 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Spleen is involved in multiple diseases, the role of the spleen and spleen-derived factors in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still not clarified. Methods In the current study, a murine H22 orthotopic hepatoma model was established. Three groups were divided: normal mice, tumor-bearing mice with spleen-preserving, and tumor-bearing mice with splenectomy. Spleen and tumor weights were recorded by weeks 1 and 2. The proportion of myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) in peripheral blood and tumor tissue was detected using flow cytometry. Protein chip assay was used to compare the differential cytokines between normal liver supernatant and tumor supernatant. The common upregulated cytokines both in spleen and tumor were focused and analyzed using gene expression profiling interactive analysis (GEPIA) database. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to verify the chip result, and to examine CCL9 expression before and after splenectomy. Spleen MDSC was sorted using flow cytometry, and chemotaxis assay was performed to demonstrate whether CCL9 attracted spleen MDSC. Results The spleen enlarged during tumor progression, and compared with splenectomy group, there were faster tumor growth, shorter survival time, and higher proportions of MDSC in spleen-preserving group. Protein chip assay and GEPIA database revealed CCL9 was the most promising chemokine involved in HCC upregulated both in spleen and tumor tissue. CCL9 attracted MDSC in vitro, the level of CCL9 in tumor tissue was downregulated, and the percentage of MDSC was decreased after splenectomy. Conclusion The results demonstrate that CCL9 may be derived from spleen; it facilitated HCC growth via the chemotaxis of MDSC, targeting CCL9 may be a promising strategy in HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohua Li
- General Surgery Department of Cadre's Ward, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Tumor Immunology Center of Precision Medical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingxue Liang
- Tumor Immunology Center of Precision Medical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Zhang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyao Kong
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongfang Li
- General Surgery Department of Cadre's Ward, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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Chauvin C, Radulovic K, Boulard O, Delacre M, Waldschmitt N, Régnier P, Legris G, Bouchez C, Sleimi MY, Rosenstiel P, Darrasse-Jèze G, Chamaillard M, Poulin LF. Loss of NOD2 in macrophages improves colitis and tumorigenesis in a lysozyme-dependent manner. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1252979. [PMID: 37876927 PMCID: PMC10590911 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1252979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Crohn's disease (CD) is a complex and poorly understood myeloid-mediated disorder. Genetic variants with loss of function in the NOD2 gene confer an increased susceptibility to ileal CD. While Nod2 in myeloid cells may confer protection against T-cell mediated ileopathy, it remains unclear whether it may promote resolution of the inflamed colon. In this study, we evaluated the function of Nod2 in myeloid cells in a model of acute colitis and colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC). Methods To ablate Nod2 specifically within the myeloid compartment, we generated LysMCre/+;Nod2fl/fl mice. The role of NOD2 was studied in a setting of Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis and in azoxymethane (AOM)/DSS model. Clinical parameters were quantified by colonoscopy, histological, flow cytometry, and qRT-PCR analysis. Results Upon DSS colitis model, LysMCre/+;Nod2fl/fl mice lost less weight than control littermates and had less severe damage to the colonic epithelium. In the AOM/DSS model, endoscopic monitoring of tumor progression revealed a lowered number of adenomas within the colon of LysMCre/+;Nod2fl/fl mice, associated with less expression of Tgfb. Mechanistically, lysozyme M was required for the improved disease severity in mice with a defect of NOD2 in myeloid cells. Conclusion Our results indicate that loss of Nod2 signaling in myeloid cells aids in the tissue repair of the inflamed large intestine through lysozyme secretion by myeloid cells. These results may pave the way to design new therapeutics to limit the inflammatory and tumorigenic functions of NOD2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Chauvin
- Univ. Lille, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Centre de Recherche Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019, Lille, France
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Katarina Radulovic
- Unité de Recherche Clinique, Centre Hospitalier de Valenciennes, Valenciennes, France
| | | | - Myriam Delacre
- Univ. Lille, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Centre de Recherche Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019, Lille, France
| | - Nadine Waldschmitt
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Paul Régnier
- Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3) Laboratory, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR-S 959, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Biotherapy Unit (CIC-BTi), Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DHU i2B), Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Guillaume Darrasse-Jèze
- Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3) Laboratory, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR-S 959, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
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15
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Kuburich NA, Sabapathy T, Demestichas BR, Maddela JJ, den Hollander P, Mani SA. Proactive and reactive roles of TGF-β in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 95:120-139. [PMID: 37572731 PMCID: PMC10530624 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells adapt to varying stress conditions to survive through plasticity. Stem cells exhibit a high degree of plasticity, allowing them to generate more stem cells or differentiate them into specialized cell types to contribute to tissue development, growth, and repair. Cancer cells can also exhibit plasticity and acquire properties that enhance their survival. TGF-β is an unrivaled growth factor exploited by cancer cells to gain plasticity. TGF-β-mediated signaling enables carcinoma cells to alter their epithelial and mesenchymal properties through epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP). However, TGF-β is a multifunctional cytokine; thus, the signaling by TGF-β can be detrimental or beneficial to cancer cells depending on the cellular context. Those cells that overcome the anti-tumor effect of TGF-β can induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to gain EMP benefits. EMP allows cancer cells to alter their cell properties and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), facilitating their survival. Due to the significant roles of TGF-β and EMP in carcinoma progression, it is essential to understand how TGF-β enables EMP and how cancer cells exploit this plasticity. This understanding will guide the development of effective TGF-β-targeting therapies that eliminate cancer cell plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick A Kuburich
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Thiru Sabapathy
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Breanna R Demestichas
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Joanna Joyce Maddela
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Petra den Hollander
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Sendurai A Mani
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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16
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Qiang L, Hoffman MT, Ali LR, Castillo JI, Kageler L, Temesgen A, Lenehan P, Wang SJ, Bello E, Cardot-Ruffino V, Uribe GA, Yang A, Dougan M, Aguirre AJ, Raghavan S, Pelletier M, Cremasco V, Dougan SK. Transforming Growth Factor-β Blockade in Pancreatic Cancer Enhances Sensitivity to Combination Chemotherapy. Gastroenterology 2023; 165:874-890.e10. [PMID: 37263309 PMCID: PMC10526623 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Transforming growth factor-b (TGFb) plays pleiotropic roles in pancreatic cancer, including promoting metastasis, attenuating CD8 T-cell activation, and enhancing myofibroblast differentiation and deposition of extracellular matrix. However, single-agent TGFb inhibition has shown limited efficacy against pancreatic cancer in mice or humans. METHODS We evaluated the TGFβ-blocking antibody NIS793 in combination with gemcitabine/nanoparticle (albumin-bound)-paclitaxel or FOLFIRINOX (folinic acid [FOL], 5-fluorouracil [F], irinotecan [IRI] and oxaliplatin [OX]) in orthotopic pancreatic cancer models. Single-cell RNA sequencing and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate changes in tumor cell state and the tumor microenvironment. RESULTS Blockade of TGFβ with chemotherapy reduced tumor burden in poorly immunogenic pancreatic cancer, without affecting the metastatic rate of cancer cells. Efficacy of combination therapy was not dependent on CD8 T cells, because response to TGFβ blockade was preserved in CD8-depleted or recombination activating gene 2 (RAG2-/-) mice. TGFβ blockade decreased total α-smooth muscle actin-positive fibroblasts but had minimal effect on fibroblast heterogeneity. Bulk RNA sequencing on tumor cells sorted ex vivo revealed that tumor cells treated with TGFβ blockade adopted a classical lineage consistent with enhanced chemosensitivity, and immunofluorescence for cleaved caspase 3 confirmed that TGFβ blockade increased chemotherapy-induced cell death in vivo. CONCLUSIONS TGFβ regulates pancreatic cancer cell plasticity between classical and basal cell states. TGFβ blockade in orthotropic models of pancreatic cancer enhances sensitivity to chemotherapy by promoting a classical malignant cell state. This study provides scientific rationale for evaluation of NIS793 with FOLFIRINOX or gemcitabine/nanoparticle (albumin-bound) paclitaxel chemotherapy backbone in the clinical setting and supports the concept of manipulating cancer cell plasticity to increase the efficacy of combination therapy regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qiang
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Megan T Hoffman
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lestat R Ali
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jaime I Castillo
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lauren Kageler
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ayantu Temesgen
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Patrick Lenehan
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - S Jennifer Wang
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elisa Bello
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Victoire Cardot-Ruffino
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Giselle A Uribe
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Annan Yang
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael Dougan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew J Aguirre
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Srivatsan Raghavan
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marc Pelletier
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Viviana Cremasco
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Stephanie K Dougan
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Zhong J, Zong S, Wang J, Feng M, Wang J, Zhang H, Xiong L. Role of neutrophils on cancer cells and other immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119493. [PMID: 37201766 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The notion that neutrophils only perform a specific set of single functions in the body has changed with the advancement of research methods. As the most abundant myeloid cells in human blood, neutrophils are currently emerging as important regulators of cancer. Given the duality of neutrophils, neutrophil-based tumor therapy has been clinically carried out in recent years and has made some progress. But due to the complexity of the tumor microenvironment, the therapeutic effect is still not satisfactory. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the direct interaction of neutrophils with the five most common cancer cells and other immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Also, this review covered current limitations, potential future possibilities, and therapeutic approaches targeting neutrophil function in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpei Zhong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Siwen Zong
- Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jiayang Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Mingrui Feng
- Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Fujian province university, Xiamen 361023, China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Department of Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330066, China.
| | - Lixia Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Fujian province university, Xiamen 361023, China.
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18
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Li X, Ke Y, Hernandez AL, Yu J, Bian L, Hall SC, Nolan K, Wang JH, Young CD, Wang XJ. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-activated Cxcr2 signaling in myeloid cells promotes TGFβ-dependent squamous cell carcinoma lung metastasis. Cancer Lett 2023; 570:216330. [PMID: 37524225 PMCID: PMC10530117 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) activity is linked to metastasis in many cancer types, but whether TGFβ activity is necessary for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) lung metastasis has not been studied. Here we used a lung metastatic SCC model derived from keratin 15 (K15). KrasG12D.Smad4-/- SCC and human SCC specimens to identify metastasis drivers and test therapeutic interventions. We demonstrated that a TGFβ receptor (TGFβR) inhibitor reduced lung metastasis in mouse SCC correlating with reduced CD11b+/Ly6G+ myeloid cells positive for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Further, TGFβ activity and iNOS were higher in primary human oral SCCs with metastasis than SCCs without metastasis. Consistently, either depleting myeloid cells with anti-Gr1 antibody or inhibiting iNOS with L-N6-(1-iminoethyl)-l-lysine (L-NIL) reduced SCC lung metastasis. L-NIL treated tumor-bearing mice exhibited reductions in tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells and in plasma Cxcl5 levels, and attenuated primary tumor growth with increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation. Blocking Cxcl5 with an antagonist of its receptor Cxcr2, SB225002, also reduced SCC lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China; Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Yao Ke
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Ariel L Hernandez
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Jingjing Yu
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Li Bian
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Spencer C Hall
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Kyle Nolan
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Jing H Wang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Christian D Young
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Xiao-Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
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19
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Gauthier T, Yao C, Dowdy T, Jin W, Lim YJ, Patiño LC, Liu N, Ohlemacher SI, Bynum A, Kazmi R, Bewley CA, Mitrovic M, Martin D, Morell RJ, Eckhaus M, Larion M, Tussiwand R, O’Shea J, Chen W. TGF-β uncouples glycolysis and inflammation in macrophages and controls survival during sepsis. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eade0385. [PMID: 37552767 PMCID: PMC11145950 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.ade0385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Changes in metabolism of macrophages are required to sustain macrophage activation in response to different stimuli. We showed that the cytokine TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β) regulates glycolysis in macrophages independently of inflammatory cytokine production and affects survival in mouse models of sepsis. During macrophage activation, TGF-β increased the expression and activity of the glycolytic enzyme PFKL (phosphofructokinase-1 liver type) and promoted glycolysis but suppressed the production of proinflammatory cytokines. The increase in glycolysis was mediated by an mTOR-c-MYC-dependent pathway, whereas the inhibition of cytokine production was due to activation of the transcriptional coactivator SMAD3 and suppression of the activity of the proinflammatory transcription factors AP-1, NF-κB, and STAT1. In mice with LPS-induced endotoxemia and experimentally induced sepsis, the TGF-β-induced enhancement in macrophage glycolysis led to decreased survival, which was associated with increased blood coagulation. Analysis of septic patient cohorts revealed that the expression of PFKL, TGFBRI (which encodes a TGF-β receptor), and F13A1 (which encodes a coagulation factor) in myeloid cells positively correlated with COVID-19 disease. Thus, these results suggest that TGF-β is a critical regulator of macrophage metabolism and could be a therapeutic target in patients with sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Gauthier
- Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 20892
| | - Chen Yao
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 20892
| | - Tyrone Dowdy
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 20892
| | - Wenwen Jin
- Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 20892
| | - Yun-Ji Lim
- Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 20892
| | - Liliana C. Patiño
- Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 20892
| | - Na Liu
- Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 20892
| | - Shannon I. Ohlemacher
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 20892
| | - Andrew Bynum
- Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 20892
| | - Rida Kazmi
- Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 20892
| | - Carole A. Bewley
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 20892
| | - Mladen Mitrovic
- Immune Regulation Unit, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 20892
| | - Daniel Martin
- Genomics and Computational Biology Core, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 20892
| | - Robert J. Morell
- Genomics and Computational Biology Core, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 20892
| | - Michael Eckhaus
- Division of Veterinary Resources, Pathology Service, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 20892
| | - Mioara Larion
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 20892
| | - Roxane Tussiwand
- Immune Regulation Unit, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 20892
| | - John O’Shea
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 20892
| | - WanJun Chen
- Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 20892
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20
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Nixon BG, Gao S, Wang X, Li MO. TGFβ control of immune responses in cancer: a holistic immuno-oncology perspective. Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:346-362. [PMID: 36380023 PMCID: PMC10634249 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-022-00796-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The immune system responds to cancer in two main ways. First, there are prewired responses involving myeloid cells, innate lymphocytes and innate-like adaptive lymphocytes that either reside in premalignant tissues or migrate directly to tumours, and second, there are antigen priming-dependent responses, in which adaptive lymphocytes are primed in secondary lymphoid organs before homing to tumours. Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) - one of the most potent and pleiotropic regulatory cytokines - controls almost every stage of the tumour-elicited immune response, from leukocyte development in primary lymphoid organs to their priming in secondary lymphoid organs and their effector functions in the tumour itself. The complexity of TGFβ-regulated immune cell circuitries, as well as the contextual roles of TGFβ signalling in cancer cells and tumour stromal cells, necessitates the use of rigorous experimental systems that closely recapitulate human cancer, such as autochthonous tumour models, to uncover the underlying immunobiology. The diverse functions of TGFβ in healthy tissues further complicate the search for effective and safe cancer therapeutics targeting the TGFβ pathway. Here we discuss the contextual complexity of TGFβ signalling in tumour-elicited immune responses and explain how understanding this may guide the development of mechanism-based cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana G Nixon
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shengyu Gao
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Louis V. Gerstner, Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ming O Li
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- Louis V. Gerstner, Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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21
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Wu C, Zhong Q, Shrestha R, Wang J, Hu X, Li H, Rouchka EC, Yan J, Ding C. Reactive myelopoiesis and FX-expressing macrophages triggered by chemotherapy promote cancer lung metastasis. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e167499. [PMID: 36976637 PMCID: PMC10243818 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.167499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Several preclinical studies have demonstrated that certain cytotoxic drugs enhance metastasis, but the importance of host responses triggered by chemotherapy in regulating cancer metastasis has not been fully explored. Here, we showed that multidose gemcitabine (GEM) treatment promoted breast cancer lung metastasis in a transgenic spontaneous breast cancer model. GEM treatment significantly increased accumulation of CCR2+ macrophages and monocytes in the lungs of tumor-bearing as well as tumor-free mice. These changes were largely caused by chemotherapy-induced reactive myelopoiesis biased toward monocyte development. Mechanistically, enhanced production of mitochondrial ROS was observed in GEM-treated BM Lin-Sca1+c-Kit+ cells and monocytes. Treatment with the mitochondria targeted antioxidant abrogated GEM-induced hyperdifferentiation of BM progenitors. In addition, GEM treatment induced upregulation of host cell-derived CCL2, and knockout of CCR2 signaling abrogated the pro-metastatic host response induced by chemotherapy. Furthermore, chemotherapy treatment resulted in the upregulation of coagulation factor X (FX) in lung interstitial macrophages. Targeting activated FX (FXa) using FXa inhibitor or F10 gene knockdown reduced the pro-metastatic effect of chemotherapy. Together, these studies suggest a potentially novel mechanism for chemotherapy-induced metastasis via the host response-induced accumulation of monocytes/macrophages and interplay between coagulation and inflammation in the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caijun Wu
- UofL Health - Brown Cancer Center and
| | | | - Rejeena Shrestha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | | | | | - Hong Li
- UofL Health - Brown Cancer Center and
| | - Eric C. Rouchka
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Louisville J.B. Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jun Yan
- UofL Health - Brown Cancer Center and
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Immunotherapy, UofL Health - Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Chuanlin Ding
- UofL Health - Brown Cancer Center and
- Department of Surgery, Division of Immunotherapy, UofL Health - Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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22
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Yu SJ. Immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Recent advances and future targets. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 244:108387. [PMID: 36948423 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a promising approach to treating various types of cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While single immunotherapy drugs show limited effectiveness on a small subset of patients, the combination of the anti PD-L1 atezolizumab and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor bevacizumab has shown significant improvement in survival compared to sorafenib as a first-line treatment. However, the current treatment options still have a low success rate of about 30%. Thus, more effective treatments for HCC are urgently required. Several novel immunotherapeutic methods, including the use of novel immune checkpoint inhibitors, innovative immune cell therapies like chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T), TCR gene-modified T cells and stem cells, as well as combination strategies are being tested in clinical trials for the treatment of HCC. However, some crucial issues still exist such as the presence of heterogeneous antigens in solid tumors, the immune-suppressive environment within tumors, the risk of on-target/off-tumor, infiltrating CAR-T cells, immunosuppressive checkpoint molecules, and cytokines. Overall, immunotherapy is on the brink of major advancements in the fight against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jong Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Mortezaee K, Majidpoor J. Transforming growth factor-β signalling in tumour resistance to the anti-PD-(L)1 therapy: Updated. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:311-321. [PMID: 36625080 PMCID: PMC9889687 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Low frequency of durable responses in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) demands for taking complementary strategies in order to boost immune responses against cancer. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a multi-tasking cytokine that is frequently expressed in tumours and acts as a critical promoter of tumour hallmarks. TGF-β promotes an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME) and defines a bypass mechanism to the ICI therapy. A number of cells within the stroma of tumour are influenced from TGF-β activity. There is also evidence of a relation between TGF-β with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression within TME, and it influences the efficacy of anti-programmed death-1 receptor (PD-1) or anti-PD-L1 therapy. Combination of TGF-β inhibitors with anti-PD(L)1 has come to the promising outcomes, and clinical trials are under way in order to use agents with bifunctional capacity and fusion proteins for bonding TGF-β traps with anti-PD-L1 antibodies aiming at reinvigorating immune responses and promoting persistent responses against advanced stage cancers, especially tumours with immunologically cold ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of MedicineKurdistan University of Medical SciencesSanandajIran
| | - Jamal Majidpoor
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Research CenterGonabad University of Medical SciencesGonabadIran
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24
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Shen X, Zeng Y, Yang C, Jiang L, Chen S, Chen F, Cao P. The diagnostic and prognostic value of pseudogene SIGLEC17P in lung adenocarcinoma and a preliminary functional study. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:86-97. [PMID: 36183365 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Among malignant tumors, lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. This study explored the diagnostic, prognostic value, and preliminary functional verification of sialic acid binding Ig like lectin 17, pseudogene (SIGLEC17P) in LUAD. Prognostic lncRNAs for LUAD were identified by The Cancer Genome Atlas and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of SIGLEC17P in LUAD and paracarcinoma tissues. Subsequently, lentiviral vectors were used to overexpress SIGLEC17P in A549 and H1299 cells. The effects of SIGLEC17P overexpression on the proliferation, migration, and invasiveness of LUAD cells (A549 and H1299) were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8, wound healing, and transwell migration assays, respectively. Bioinformatics analyses were performed to reveal the potential pathways in which SIGLEC17P is involved in LUAD. qRT-PCR results revealed low SIGLEC17P expression in LUAD tissues and a significant association with the N stage, T stage, and tumor node metastasis stage. Furthermore, the receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated a reliable diagnostic value. The proliferation, migration, and invasion of LUAD cells were inhibited by overexpression of SIGLEC17P. Bioinformatics analyses suggested that SIGLEC17P might exert antioncogenic effects in LUAD through the mir-20-3p/ADH1B or mir-4476-5p/DPYSL axis. In summary, our results revealed that SIGLEC17P acts as a prognostic biomarker, independent prognostic factor, and potential therapeutic target for patients with LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqing Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanfen Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Caihong Yang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shaoting Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Falin Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Pengju Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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25
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Tie Y, Tang F, Peng D, Zhang Y, Shi H. TGF-beta signal transduction: biology, function and therapy for diseases. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2022; 3:45. [PMID: 36534225 PMCID: PMC9761655 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-022-00109-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a crucial cytokine that get increasing concern in recent years to treat human diseases. This signal controls multiple cellular responses during embryonic development and tissue homeostasis through canonical and/or noncanonical signaling pathways. Dysregulated TGF-β signal plays an essential role in contributing to fibrosis via promoting the extracellular matrix deposition, and tumor progression via inducing the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, immunosuppression, and neovascularization at the advanced stage of cancer. Besides, the dysregulation of TGF-beta signal also involves in other human diseases including anemia, inflammatory disease, wound healing and cardiovascular disease et al. Therefore, this signal is proposed to be a promising therapeutic target in these diseases. Recently, multiple strategies targeting TGF-β signals including neutralizing antibodies, ligand traps, small-molecule receptor kinase inhibitors targeting ligand-receptor signaling pathways, antisense oligonucleotides to disrupt the production of TGF-β at the transcriptional level, and vaccine are under evaluation of safety and efficacy for the forementioned diseases in clinical trials. Here, in this review, we firstly summarized the biology and function of TGF-β in physiological and pathological conditions, elaborated TGF-β associated signal transduction. And then, we analyzed the current advances in preclinical studies and clinical strategies targeting TGF-β signal transduction to treat diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Tie
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Fan Tang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041 China ,grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Orthopaedic Research Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dandan Peng
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Ye Zhang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021 China
| | - Huashan Shi
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041 China
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26
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Development of the Novel Bifunctional Fusion Protein BR102 That Simultaneously Targets PD-L1 and TGF-β for Anticancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194964. [PMID: 36230887 PMCID: PMC9562016 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies, have revolutionized the therapy landscape of cancer immunotherapy. However, poor clinical response to ICIs and drug resistance are the main challenges for ICIs immunotherapy. TGF-β produced in the TME was found to confer resistance to PD-1/PD-L1-targeted immunotherapy. The independent and complementary immunosuppressive role of PD-L1 and TGF-β in cancer progression provides a rationale for simultaneously targeting TGF-β and PD-L1 to improve anti-PD-L1 therapy. Consequently, we develop and characterize a novel anti-PD-L1/TGF-β bifunctional fusion protein termed BR102. The data suggest that BR102 could simultaneously disrupt TGF-β- and PD-L1-mediated signals and display high antitumor efficacy and safety. The data support further clinical advancement of BR102 as a promising approach to cancer immunotherapy. Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are remarkable breakthroughs in treating various types of cancer, but many patients still do not derive long-term clinical benefits. Increasing evidence shows that TGF-β can promote cancer progression and confer resistance to ICI therapies. Consequently, dual blocking of TGF-β and immune checkpoint may provide an effective approach to enhance the effectiveness of ICI therapies. Here, we reported the development and preclinical characterization of a novel bifunctional anti-PD-L1/TGF-β fusion protein, BR102. BR102 comprises an anti-PD-L1 antibody fused to the extracellular domain (ECD) of human TGF-βRII. BR102 is capable of simultaneously binding to TGF-β and PD-L1. Incorporating TGF-βRII into BR102 does not alter the PD-L1 blocking activity of BR102. In vitro characterization further demonstrated that BR102 could disrupt TGF-β-induced signaling. Moreover, BR102 significantly inhibits tumor growth in vivo and exerts a superior antitumor effect compared to anti-PD-L1. Administration of BR102 to cynomolgus monkeys is well-tolerated, with only minimal to moderate and reversing red cell changes noted. The data demonstrated the efficacy and safety of the novel anti-PD-L1/TGF-β fusion protein and supported the further clinical development of BR102 for anticancer therapy.
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27
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Shi X, Yang J, Deng S, Xu H, Wu D, Zeng Q, Wang S, Hu T, Wu F, Zhou H. TGF-β signaling in the tumor metabolic microenvironment and targeted therapies. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:135. [PMID: 36115986 PMCID: PMC9482317 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01349-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractTransforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling has a paradoxical role in cancer progression, and it acts as a tumor suppressor in the early stages but a tumor promoter in the late stages of cancer. Once cancer cells are generated, TGF-β signaling is responsible for the orchestration of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and supports cancer growth, invasion, metastasis, recurrence, and therapy resistance. These progressive behaviors are driven by an “engine” of the metabolic reprogramming in cancer. Recent studies have revealed that TGF-β signaling regulates cancer metabolic reprogramming and is a metabolic driver in the tumor metabolic microenvironment (TMME). Intriguingly, TGF-β ligands act as an “endocrine” cytokine and influence host metabolism. Therefore, having insight into the role of TGF-β signaling in the TMME is instrumental for acknowledging its wide range of effects and designing new cancer treatment strategies. Herein, we try to illustrate the concise definition of TMME based on the published literature. Then, we review the metabolic reprogramming in the TMME and elaborate on the contribution of TGF-β to metabolic rewiring at the cellular (intracellular), tissular (intercellular), and organismal (cancer-host) levels. Furthermore, we propose three potential applications of targeting TGF-β-dependent mechanism reprogramming, paving the way for TGF-β-related antitumor therapy from the perspective of metabolism.
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28
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So JY, Ohm J, Lipkowitz S, Yang L. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC): Non-genetic tumor heterogeneity and immune microenvironment: Emerging treatment options. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 237:108253. [PMID: 35872332 PMCID: PMC9378710 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype characterized by extensive intra-tumoral heterogeneity, and frequently develops resistance to therapies. Tumor heterogeneity and lack of biomarkers are thought to be some of the most difficult challenges driving therapeutic resistance and relapse. This review will summarize current therapy for TNBC, studies in treatment resistance and relapse, including data from recent single cell sequencing. We will discuss changes in both the transcriptome and epigenome of TNBC, and we will review mechanisms regulating the immune microenvironment. Lastly, we will provide new perspective in patient stratification, and treatment options targeting transcriptome dysregulation and the immune microenvironment of TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Young So
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Joyce Ohm
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Stan Lipkowitz
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Li Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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29
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Tumor-associated neutrophils and neutrophil-targeted cancer therapies. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188762. [PMID: 35853517 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the frontline cells in response to microbial infections and are involved in a range of inflammatory disorders in the body. In recent years, neutrophils have gained considerable attention in their involvement of complex roles in tumor development and progression. Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) that accumulate in local region could be triggered by external stimuli from tumor microenvironment (TME) and switch between anti- and pro-tumor phenotypes. The anti-tumor neutrophils kill tumor cells through direct cytotoxic effects as well as indirect effects by activating adaptive immune responses. In contrast, the pro-tumor phenotype of neutrophils might be associated with cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression in TME. More recently, neutrophils have been proposed as a potential target in cancer therapy for their ability to diminish the pro-tumor pathways, such as by immune checkpoint blockade. This review discusses the complex roles of neutrophils in TME and highlights the strategies in neutrophil targeting in cancer treatment with a particular focus on the progresses of ongoing clinical trials involving neutrophil-targeted therapies.
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30
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Lan Y, Yeung TL, Huang H, Wegener AA, Saha S, Toister-Achituv M, Jenkins MH, Chiu LY, Lazorchak A, Tarcic O, Wang H, Qi J, Locke G, Kalimi D, Qin G, Marelli B, Yu H, Gross AW, Derner MG, Soloviev M, Botte M, Sircar A, Ma H, Sood VD, Zhang D, Jiang F, Lo KM. Colocalized targeting of TGF-β and PD-L1 by bintrafusp alfa elicits distinct antitumor responses. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-004122. [PMID: 35858707 PMCID: PMC9305820 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bintrafusp alfa (BA) is a bifunctional fusion protein designed for colocalized, simultaneous inhibition of two immunosuppressive pathways, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), within the tumor microenvironment (TME). We hypothesized that targeting PD-L1 to the tumor by BA colocalizes the TGF-β trap (TGF-βRII) to the TME, enabling it to sequester TGF-β in the tumor more effectively than systemic TGF-β blockade, thereby enhancing antitumor activity. Methods Multiple technologies were used to characterize the TGF-β trap binding avidity. BA versus combinations of anti-PD-L1 and TGF-β trap or the pan-TGF-β antibody fresolimumab were compared in proliferation and two-way mixed lymphocyte reaction assays. Immunophenotyping of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and RNA sequencing (RNAseq) analysis assessing stromal and immune landscape following BA or the combination therapy were performed in MC38 tumors. TGF-β and PD-L1 co-expression and their associated gene signatures in MC38 tumors and human lung carcinoma tissue were studied with single-cell RNAseq (scRNAseq) and immunostaining. BA-induced internalization, degradation, and depletion of TGF-β were investigated in vitro. Results BA and fresolimumab had comparable intrinsic binding to TGF-β1, but there was an ~80× avidity-based increase in binding affinity with BA. BA inhibited cell proliferation in TGF-β-dependent and PD-L1-expressing cells more potently than TGF-β trap or fresolimumab. Compared with the combination of anti-PD-L1 and TGF-β trap or fresolimumab, BA enhanced T cell activation in vitro and increased TILs in MC38 tumors, which correlated with efficacy. BA induced distinct gene expression in the TME compared with the combination therapy, including upregulation of immune-related gene signatures and reduced activities in TGF-β-regulated pathways, such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition, extracellular matrix deposition, and fibrosis. Regulatory T cells, macrophages, immune cells of myeloid lineage, and fibroblasts were key PD-L1/TGF-β1 co-expressing cells in the TME. scRNAseq analysis suggested BA modulation of the macrophage phenotype, which was confirmed by histological assessment. PD-L1/TGF-β1 co-expression was also seen in human tumors. Finally, BA induced TGF-β1 internalization and degradation in the lysosomes. Conclusion BA more effectively blocks TGF-β by targeting TGF-β trap to the tumor via PD-L1 binding. Such colocalized targeting elicits distinct and superior antitumor responses relative to single agent combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lan
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tsz-Lun Yeung
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ansgar A Wegener
- Department of Discovery and Development Technologies, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Somdutta Saha
- Department of Translational Medicine, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mira Toister-Achituv
- Department of Discovery and Development Technologies, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Yavne, Israel
| | - Molly H Jenkins
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Li-Ya Chiu
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Adam Lazorchak
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA.,Be Biopharma, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ohad Tarcic
- Department of Discovery and Development Technologies, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Yavne, Israel.,CAVOS Biotech, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jin Qi
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - George Locke
- Department of Translational Medicine, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Doron Kalimi
- Department of Discovery and Development Technologies, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Yavne, Israel
| | - Guozhong Qin
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bo Marelli
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Huakui Yu
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alec W Gross
- Department of Discovery Development Technologies, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Melissa G Derner
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria Soloviev
- Department of Discovery Development Technologies, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Aroop Sircar
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hong Ma
- Department of Integrated Supply Chain Operations, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vanita D Sood
- Department of Discovery Development Technologies, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA.,D2M Biotherapeutics, Natick, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kin-Ming Lo
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
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Chen B, Mu C, Zhang Z, He X, Liu X. The Love-Hate Relationship Between TGF-β Signaling and the Immune System During Development and Tumorigenesis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:891268. [PMID: 35720407 PMCID: PMC9204485 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.891268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Since TGF-β was recognized as an essential secreted cytokine in embryogenesis and adult tissue homeostasis a decade ago, our knowledge of the role of TGF-β in mammalian development and disease, particularly cancer, has constantly been updated. Mounting evidence has confirmed that TGF-β is the principal regulator of the immune system, as deprivation of TGF-β signaling completely abrogates adaptive immunity. However, enhancing TGF-β signaling constrains the immune response through multiple mechanisms, including boosting Treg cell differentiation and inducing CD8+ T-cell apoptosis in the disease context. The love-hate relationship between TGF-β signaling and the immune system makes it challenging to develop effective monotherapies targeting TGF-β, especially for cancer treatment. Nonetheless, recent work on combination therapies of TGF-β inhibition and immunotherapy have provide insights into the development of TGF-β-targeted therapies, with favorable outcomes in patients with advanced cancer. Hence, we summarize the entanglement between TGF-β and the immune system in the developmental and tumor contexts and recent progress on hijacking crucial TGF-β signaling pathways as an emerging area of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baode Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenglin Mu
- Institute for Intelligent Bio/Chem Manufacturing (iBCM), Zhejiang University (ZJU)-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Institute for Intelligent Bio/Chem Manufacturing (iBCM), Zhejiang University (ZJU)-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuelin He
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Institute for Intelligent Bio/Chem Manufacturing (iBCM), Zhejiang University (ZJU)-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China
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32
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Raskov H, Orhan A, Gaggar S, Gögenur I. Neutrophils and polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells: an emerging battleground in cancer therapy. Oncogenesis 2022; 11:22. [PMID: 35504900 PMCID: PMC9065109 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-022-00398-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are central mediators of innate and adaptive immunity and first responders to tissue damage. Although vital to our health, their activation, function, and resolution are critical to preventing chronic inflammation that may contribute to carcinogenesis. Cancers are associated with the expansion of the neutrophil compartment with an escalation in the number of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSC) in the peripheral circulation and tumor microenvironment. Although phenotypically similar to classically activated neutrophils, PMN-MDSC is pathologically activated and immunosuppressive in nature. They dynamically interact with other cell populations and tissue components and convey resistance to anticancer therapies while accelerating disease progression and metastatic spread. Cancer-associated neutrophilia and tumor infiltration of neutrophils are significant markers of poor outcomes in many cancers. Recently, there has been significant progress in the identification of molecular markers of PMN-MDSC providing insights into the central role of PMN-MDSC in the local tumor microenvironment as well as the systemic immune response in cancer. Further advances in sequencing and proteomics techniques will improve our understanding of their diverse functionalities and the complex molecular mechanisms at play. Targeting PMN-MDSC is currently one of the major focus areas in cancer research and several signaling pathways representing possible treatment targets have been identified. Positive results from preclinical studies clearly justify the current investigation in drug development and thus novel therapeutic strategies are being evaluated in clinical trials. In this review, we discuss the involvement of PMN-MDSC in cancer initiation and progression and their potential as therapeutic targets and clinical biomarkers in different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Raskov
- Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark.
| | - Adile Orhan
- Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shruti Gaggar
- Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
| | - Ismail Gögenur
- Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Mahmud Z, Rahman A, Mishu ID, Kabir Y. Mechanistic insights into the interplays between neutrophils and other immune cells in cancer development and progression. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:405-432. [PMID: 35314951 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is considered a major public health concern worldwide and is characterized by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells. The human immune system recognizes cancerous cells and induces innate immunity to destroy those cells. However, sustained tumors may protect themselves by developing immune escape mechanisms through multiple soluble and cellular mediators. Neutrophils are the most plenteous leukocytes in the human blood and are crucial for immune defense in infection and inflammation. Besides, neutrophils emancipate the antimicrobial contents, secrete different cytokines or chemokines, and interact with other immune cells to combat and successfully kill cancerous cells. Conversely, many clinical and experimental studies signpost that being a polarized and heterogeneous population with plasticity, neutrophils, particularly their subpopulations, act as a modulator of cancer development by promoting tumor metastasis, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression. Studies also suggest that tumor infiltrating macrophages, neutrophils, and other innate immune cells support tumor growth and survival. Additionally, neutrophils promote tumor cell invasion, migration and intravasation, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, survival of cancer cells in the circulation, seeding, and extravasation of tumor cells, and advanced growth and development of cancer cells to form metastases. In this manuscript, we describe and review recent studies on the mechanisms for neutrophil recruitment, activation, and their interplay with different immune cells to promote their pro-tumorigenic functions. Understanding the detailed mechanisms of neutrophil-tumor cell interactions and the concomitant roles of other immune cells will substantially improve the clinical utility of neutrophils in cancer and eventually may aid in the identification of biomarkers for cancer prognosis and the development of novel therapeutic approaches for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimam Mahmud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Atiqur Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | | | - Yearul Kabir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
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Zhao T, Wang M, Zhao X, Weng S, Qian K, Shi K, Gu Y, Ying W, Qian X, Zhang Y. YTHDF2 Inhibits the Migration and Invasion of Lung Adenocarcinoma by Negatively Regulating the FAM83D-TGFβ1-SMAD2/3 Pathway. Front Oncol 2022; 12:763341. [PMID: 35186724 PMCID: PMC8847186 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.763341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE YTH domain family 2 (YTHDF2) is an important N6-methyladenosine (m6A) reader, but its role in lung adenocarcinoma remains elusive. This study assessed its function in lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS YTHDF2 expression in lung adenocarcinoma was explored using public databases, such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Clinical Proteomic Tumour Analysis Consortium (CPTAC). The effect of YTHDF2 on a lung adenocarcinoma cell line was explored by performing cytological and molecular experiments. Molecules downstream of YTHDF2 were identified using proteomics, and the related pathways were verified through cytological and molecular biology experiments. RESULTS YTHDF2 expression was upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma, and patients with high YTHDF2 expression experienced prolonged overall survival. In two lung cancer cell lines, YTHDF2 knockdown inhibited proliferation but promoted migration, invasion, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The proteomic analysis identified 142 molecules downstream of YTHDF2, and 11 were closely related to survival. Further experiments revealed that YTHDF2 inhibited expression of the family with sequence similarity 83D (FAM83D)-TGFβ1-SMAD2/3 pathway components. This study is the first to show that YTHDF2 regulated the downstream TGFβ1-SMAD2/3 pathway through FAM83D in lung adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSION YTHDF2 inhibits the migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells by regulating the FAM83D-TGFβ1-pSMAD2/3 pathway, which may play an important role in lung cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Qian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kejian Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfei Gu
- Department of Oncology, United Family New Hope Oncology Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wantao Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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35
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Su S, Cao J, Meng X, Liu R, Vander Ark A, Woodford E, Zhang R, Stiver I, Zhang X, Madaj ZB, Bowman MJ, Wu Y, Xu HE, Chen B, Yu H, Li X. Enzalutamide-induced and PTH1R-mediated TGFBR2 degradation in osteoblasts confers resistance in prostate cancer bone metastases. Cancer Lett 2022; 525:170-178. [PMID: 34752846 PMCID: PMC9669895 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Enzalutamide resistance has been observed in approximately 50% of patients with prostate cancer (PCa) bone metastases. Therefore, there is an urgent need to investigate the mechanisms and develop strategies to overcome resistance. We observed enzalutamide resistance in bone lesion development induced by PCa cells in mouse models. We found that the bone microenvironment was indispensable for enzalutamide resistance because enzalutamide significantly inhibited the growth of subcutaneous C4-2B tumors and the proliferation of C4-2B cells isolated from the bone lesions, and the resistance was recapitulated only when C4-2B cells were co-cultured with osteoblasts. In revealing how osteoblasts contribute to enzalutamide resistance, we found that enzalutamide decreased TGFBR2 protein expression in osteoblasts, which was supported by clinical data. This decrease was possibly through PTH1R-mediated endocytosis. We showed that PTH1R blockade rescued enzalutamide-mediated decrease in TGFBR2 levels and enzalutamide responses in C4-2B cells that were co-cultured with osteoblasts. This is the first study to reveal the contribution of the bone microenvironment to enzalutamide resistance and identify PTH1R as a feasible target to overcome the resistance in PCa bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Su
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503;,Current address: Department of Cancer Biology, the University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614
| | - Jingchen Cao
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503
| | - Xiangqi Meng
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503;,Current address: The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Ruihua Liu
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503;,Current address: Department of Cancer Biology, the University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614;,Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Alexandra Vander Ark
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503
| | - Erica Woodford
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503
| | - Reian Zhang
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503;,University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109
| | - Isabelle Stiver
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503;,University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109
| | - Xiaotun Zhang
- Anatomic/Clinical Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905
| | - Zachary B. Madaj
- Bioinformatics & Biostatistics Core, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503
| | - Megan J. Bowman
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503;,Current address: Ball Horticultural Company, West Chicago, IL, 60185
| | - Yingying Wu
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503;,Current address: Center of Mathematical Sciences and Applications, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - H. Eric Xu
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503;,Current address: Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503
| | - Haiquan Yu
- Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503;,Current address: Department of Cancer Biology, the University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614;,Corresponding author: Xiaohong Li, the University of Toledo, 3000 Transverse Drive, Toledo, OH 43614. Phone: +1-419-383-3982;
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Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signalling controls multiple cell fate decisions during development and tissue homeostasis; hence, dysregulation of this pathway can drive several diseases, including cancer. Here we discuss the influence that TGFβ exerts on the composition and behaviour of different cell populations present in the tumour immune microenvironment, and the context-dependent functions of this cytokine in suppressing or promoting cancer. During homeostasis, TGFβ controls inflammatory responses triggered by exposure to the outside milieu in barrier tissues. Lack of TGFβ exacerbates inflammation, leading to tissue damage and cellular transformation. In contrast, as tumours progress, they leverage TGFβ to drive an unrestrained wound-healing programme in cancer-associated fibroblasts, as well as to suppress the adaptive immune system and the innate immune system. In consonance with this key role in reprogramming the tumour microenvironment, emerging data demonstrate that TGFβ-inhibitory therapies can restore cancer immunity. Indeed, this approach can synergize with other immunotherapies - including immune checkpoint blockade - to unleash robust antitumour immune responses in preclinical cancer models. Despite initial challenges in clinical translation, these findings have sparked the development of multiple therapeutic strategies that inhibit the TGFβ pathway, many of which are currently in clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele V F Tauriello
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Elena Sancho
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Batlle
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain.
- Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
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Stefanescu C, Van Gogh M, Roblek M, Heikenwalder M, Borsig L. TGFβ Signaling in Myeloid Cells Promotes Lung and Liver Metastasis Through Different Mechanisms. Front Oncol 2021; 11:765151. [PMID: 34868988 PMCID: PMC8637420 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.765151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
TGFβ overexpression is commonly detected in cancer patients and correlates with poor prognosis and metastasis. Cancer progression is often associated with an enhanced recruitment of myeloid-derived cells to the tumor microenvironment. Here we show that functional TGFβ-signaling in myeloid cells is required for metastasis to the lungs and the liver. Myeloid-specific deletion of Tgfbr2 resulted in reduced spontaneous lung metastasis, which was associated with a reduction of proinflammatory cytokines in the metastatic microenvironment. Notably, CD8+ T cell depletion in myeloid-specific Tgfbr2-deficient mice rescued lung metastasis. Myeloid-specific Tgfbr2-deficiency resulted in reduced liver metastasis with an almost complete absence of myeloid cells within metastatic foci. On contrary, an accumulation of Tgfβ-responsive myeloid cells was associated with an increased recruitment of monocytes and granulocytes and higher proinflammatory cytokine levels in control mice. Monocytic cells isolated from metastatic livers of Tgfbr2-deficient mice showed increased polarization towards the M1 phenotype, Tnfα and Il-1β expression, reduced levels of M2 markers and reduced production of chemokines responsible for myeloid-cell recruitment. No significant differences in Tgfβ levels were observed at metastatic sites of any model. These data demonstrate that Tgfβ signaling in monocytic myeloid cells suppresses CD8+ T cell activity during lung metastasis, while these cells actively contribute to tumor growth during liver metastasis. Thus, myeloid cells modulate metastasis through different mechanisms in a tissue-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Merel Van Gogh
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marko Roblek
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lubor Borsig
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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38
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Bodac A, Meylan E. Neutrophil metabolism in the cancer context. Semin Immunol 2021; 57:101583. [PMID: 34963565 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are critical innate immune cells for the host anti-bacterial defense. Throughout their lifecycle, neutrophils are exposed to different microenvironments and modulate their metabolism to survive and sustain their functions. Although tumor cell metabolism has been intensively investigated, how neutrophil metabolism is affected in cancer remains largely to be discovered. Neutrophils are described as mainly glycolytic cells. However, distinct tumor-associated neutrophil (TAN) states may co-exist in tumors and adapt their metabolism to exert different or even opposing activities ranging from tumor cell killing to tumor support. In this review, we gather evidence about the metabolic mechanisms that underly TANs' pro- or anti-tumoral functions in cancer. We first discuss how tumor-secreted factors and the heterogenous tumor microenvironment can have a strong impact on TAN metabolism. We then describe alternative metabolic pathways used by TANs to exert their functions in cancer, from basic glycolysis to more recently-recognized but less understood metabolic shifts toward mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, lipid and amino acid metabolism and even autophagy. Last, we discuss promising strategies targeting neutrophil metabolism to combat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Bodac
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Etienne Meylan
- Lung Cancer & Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Bordet Cancer Research Laboratories, Institut Jules Bordet, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070, Anderlecht, Belgium; Laboratory of Immunobiology, Faculty of Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 6041, Gosselies, Belgium; ULB Cancer Research Center (U-CRC) and ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Belgium.
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Gupta G, Chellappan DK, Singh SK, Gupta PK, Kesari KK, Jha NK, Thangavelu L, G Oliver B, Dua K. Advanced drug delivery approaches in managing TGF-β-mediated remodeling in lung diseases. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:2243-2247. [PMID: 34547920 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur, 302017, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Knowledge Park III, Greater Noida, 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, 00076, Finland
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Brian G Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.,Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
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Naszai M, Kurjan A, Maughan TS. The prognostic utility of pre-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio (NLR) in colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Med 2021; 10:5983-5997. [PMID: 34308567 PMCID: PMC8419761 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation is a hallmark of cancer, and systemic markers of inflammation are increasingly recognised as negative prognostic factors for clinical outcome. Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is readily available from routine blood testing of patients diagnosed with cancer. Methods Peer‐reviewed publications from PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science and EMBASE were identified according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Hazard ratios (HR) for overall survival (OS) and surrogate endpoints (SE; comprising disease‐, recurrence‐ and progression‐free survival) were pooled using a random effects model. Additional analysis was carried out to further investigate NLR as an independent prognostic factor and account for heterogeneity. Results Seventy‐one eligible papers comprising 32,788 patients were identified. High NLR was associated with poor clinical outcomes. Significant publication bias was observed, and larger studies also adjusted for more covariates. Correcting for publication bias in multivariate studies brought our best estimate for true effect size to HR = 1.57 (95% CI 1.39–1.78; p < 0.0001) for OS and to HR = 1.38 (95% CI 1.16–1.64; p = 0.0003) for SE. Conclusions NLR is confirmed as an easily available prognostic biomarker in colorectal cancer, despite the limitations of some studies previously reporting this finding. As such, it should be routinely collected in prospective clinical trials. While more standardised and rigorous large‐scale studies are needed before high NLR can be fully assessed as an independent predictor of CRC progression and outcome, the data suggest that it may be used to highlight individuals with tumour‐promoting inflammatory context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mate Naszai
- Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alina Kurjan
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Timothy S Maughan
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Gillot L, Baudin L, Rouaud L, Kridelka F, Noël A. The pre-metastatic niche in lymph nodes: formation and characteristics. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:5987-6002. [PMID: 34241649 PMCID: PMC8316194 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03873-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lymph node metastasis is a crucial prognostic parameter in many different types of cancers and a gateway for further dissemination to distant organs. Prior to metastatic dissemination, the primary tumor prepares for the remodeling of the draining (sentinel) lymph node by secreting soluble factors or releasing extracellular vesicles that are transported by lymphatic vessels. These important changes occur before the appearance of the first metastatic cell and create what is known as a pre-metastatic niche giving rise to the subsequent survival and growth of metastatic cells. In this review, the lymph node structure, matrix composition and the emerging heterogeneity of cells forming it are described. Current knowledge of the major cellular and molecular processes associated with nodal pre-metastatic niche formation, including lymphangiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, and immunosuppressive cell enlisting in lymph nodes are additionally summarized. Finally, future directions that research could possibly take and the clinical impact are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Gillot
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, Liege University, Avenue Hippocrate 13, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Louis Baudin
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, Liege University, Avenue Hippocrate 13, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Loïc Rouaud
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, Liege University, Avenue Hippocrate 13, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Kridelka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHU of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Agnès Noël
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, Liege University, Avenue Hippocrate 13, 4000 Liege, Belgium
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The TGF-β Pathway: A Pharmacological Target in Hepatocellular Carcinoma? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133248. [PMID: 34209646 PMCID: PMC8268320 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily members are essential for tissue homeostasis and consequently, dysregulation of their signaling pathways contributes to the development of human diseases. In the liver, TGF-β signaling participates in all the stages of disease progression from initial liver injury to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). During liver carcinogenesis, TGF-β plays a dual role on the malignant cell, behaving as a suppressor factor at early stages, but contributing to later tumor progression once cells escape from its cytostatic effects. Moreover, TGF-β can modulate the response of the cells forming the tumor microenvironment that may also contribute to HCC progression, and drive immune evasion of cancer cells. Thus, targeting the TGF-β pathway may constitute an effective therapeutic option for HCC treatment. However, it is crucial to identify biomarkers that allow to predict the response of the tumors and appropriately select the patients that could benefit from TGF-β inhibitory therapies. Here we review the functions of TGF-β on HCC malignant and tumor microenvironment cells, and the current strategies targeting TGF-β signaling for cancer therapy. We also summarize the clinical impact of TGF-β inhibitors in HCC patients and provide a perspective on its future use alone or in combinatorial strategies for HCC treatment.
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Roles for growth factors and mutations in metastatic dissemination. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:1409-1423. [PMID: 34100888 PMCID: PMC8286841 DOI: 10.1042/bst20210048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is initiated largely by specific cohorts of genetic aberrations, which are generated by mutagens and often mimic active growth factor receptors, or downstream effectors. Once initiated cells outgrow and attract blood vessels, a multi-step process, called metastasis, disseminates cancer cells primarily through vascular routes. The major steps of the metastatic cascade comprise intravasation into blood vessels, circulation as single or collectives of cells, and eventual colonization of distant organs. Herein, we consider metastasis as a multi-step process that seized principles and molecular players employed by physiological processes, such as tissue regeneration and migration of neural crest progenitors. Our discussion contrasts the irreversible nature of mutagenesis, which establishes primary tumors, and the reversible epigenetic processes (e.g. epithelial-mesenchymal transition) underlying the establishment of micro-metastases and secondary tumors. Interestingly, analyses of sequencing data from untreated metastases inferred depletion of putative driver mutations among metastases, in line with the pivotal role played by growth factors and epigenetic processes in metastasis. Conceivably, driver mutations may not confer the same advantage in the microenvironment of the primary tumor and of the colonization site, hence phenotypic plasticity rather than rigid cellular states hardwired by mutations becomes advantageous during metastasis. We review the latest reported examples of growth factors harnessed by the metastatic cascade, with the goal of identifying opportunities for anti-metastasis interventions. In summary, because the overwhelming majority of cancer-associated deaths are caused by metastatic disease, understanding the complexity of metastasis, especially the roles played by growth factors, is vital for preventing, diagnosing and treating metastasis.
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Vasiukov G, Menshikh A, Owens P, Novitskaya T, Hurley P, Blackwell T, Feoktistov I, Novitskiy SV. Adenosine/TGFβ axis in regulation of mammary fibroblast functions. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252424. [PMID: 34101732 PMCID: PMC8186761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAF) play a key role in cancer progression and metastasis. Diminished TGFβ response on CAF correlates with poor outcome and recurrence in cancer patients. Mechanisms behind lost TGFβ signaling on CAF are poorly understood, but, utilizing MMTV-PyMT mouse model, we have previously demonstrated that in tumor microenvironment myeloid cells, producing adenosine, contribute to downregulated TGFβ signaling on CAFs. In the current work, we performed serial in vitro studies to investigate the role of adenosine/TGFβ axis in mouse mammary fibroblast functions, i.e., proliferation, protein expression, migration, and contractility. We found that adenosine analog NECA diminished TGFβ-induced CCL5 and MMP9 expression. Additionally, we discovered that NECA completely inhibited effect of TGFβ to upregulate αSMA, key protein of cytoskeletal rearrangements, necessary for migration and contractility of fibroblasts. Our results show that TGFβ increases contractility of mouse mammary fibroblasts and human fibroblast cell lines, and NECA attenuates theses effects. Using pharmacological approach and genetically modified animals, we determined that NECA effects on TGFβ pathway occur via A2A/A2B adenosine receptor—AC—PKA dependent manner. Using isolated CD11b+ cells from tumor tissue of CD73-KO and CD39-KO animals in co-culture experiments with ATP and AMP, we confirmed that myeloid cells can affect functions of mammary fibroblasts through adenosine signaling. Our data suggest a novel mechanism of interaction between adenosine and TGFβ signaling pathways that can impact phenotype of fibroblasts in a tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgii Vasiukov
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Anna Menshikh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Philip Owens
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Boulder, Denver, CO, United States of America
| | - Tatiana Novitskaya
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Paula Hurley
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Timothy Blackwell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Igor Feoktistov
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Sergey V. Novitskiy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Cheng JN, Frye JB, Whitman SA, Kunihiro AG, Pandey R, Funk JL. A Role for TGFβ Signaling in Preclinical Osteolytic Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Bone Metastases Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4463. [PMID: 33923316 PMCID: PMC8123146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
While tumoral Smad-mediated transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling drives osteolytic estrogen receptor α-negative (ER-) breast cancer bone metastases (BMETs) in preclinical models, its role in ER+ BMETs, representing the majority of clinical BMETs, has not been documented. Experiments were undertaken to examine Smad-mediated TGFβ signaling in human ER+ cells and bone-tropic behavior following intracardiac inoculation of estrogen (E2)-supplemented female nude mice. While all ER+ tumor cells tested (ZR-75-1, T47D, and MCF-7-derived) expressed TGFβ receptors II and I, only cells with TGFβ-inducible Smad signaling (MCF-7) formed osteolytic BMETs in vivo. Regulated secretion of PTHrP, an osteolytic factor expressed in >90% of clinical BMETs, also tracked with osteolytic potential; TGFβ and E2 each induced PTHrP in bone-tropic or BMET-derived MCF-7 cells, with the combination yielding additive effects, while in cells not forming BMETs, PTHrP was not induced. In vivo treatment with 1D11, a pan-TGFβ neutralizing antibody, significantly decreased osteolytic ER+ BMETs in association with a decrease in bone-resorbing osteoclasts at the tumor-bone interface. Thus, TGFβ may also be a driver of ER+ BMET osteolysis. Moreover, additive pro-osteolytic effects of tumoral E2 and TGFβ signaling could at least partially explain the greater propensity for ER+ tumors to form BMETs, which are primarily osteolytic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia N. Cheng
- Cancer Biology Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
| | - Jennifer B. Frye
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (J.B.F.); (S.A.W.)
| | - Susan A. Whitman
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (J.B.F.); (S.A.W.)
| | - Andrew G. Kunihiro
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
| | - Ritu Pandey
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
| | - Janet L. Funk
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (J.B.F.); (S.A.W.)
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
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Taki M, Abiko K, Ukita M, Murakami R, Yamanoi K, Yamaguchi K, Hamanishi J, Baba T, Matsumura N, Mandai M. Tumor Immune Microenvironment during Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:4669-4679. [PMID: 33827891 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-4459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been shown to play a critical role in tumor development from initiation to metastasis. EMT could be regarded as a continuum, with intermediate hybrid epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes having high plasticity. Classical EMT is characterized by the phenotype change of epithelial cells to cells with mesenchymal properties, but EMT is also associated with multiple other molecular processes, including tumor immune evasion. Some previous studies have shown that EMT is associated with the cell number of immunosuppressive cells, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and the expression of immune checkpoints, such as programmed cell death-ligand 1, in several cancer types. At the molecular level, EMT transcriptional factors, including Snail, Zeb1, and Twist1, produce or attract immunosuppressive cells or promote the expression of immunosuppressive checkpoint molecules via chemokine production, leading to a tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. In turn, immunosuppressive factors induce EMT in tumor cells. This feedback loop between EMT and immunosuppression promotes tumor progression. For therapy directly targeting EMT has been challenging, the elucidation of the interactive regulation of EMT and immunosuppression is desirable for developing new therapeutic approaches in cancer. The combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and immunotherapy targeting immunosuppressive cells could be a promising therapy for EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mana Taki
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Kaoru Abiko
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masayo Ukita
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Murakami
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Yamanoi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken Yamaguchi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junzo Hamanishi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Baba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Noriomi Matsumura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaki Mandai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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Kim BG, Malek E, Choi SH, Ignatz-Hoover JJ, Driscoll JJ. Novel therapies emerging in oncology to target the TGF-β pathway. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:55. [PMID: 33823905 PMCID: PMC8022551 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01053-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The TGF-β signaling pathway governs key cellular processes under physiologic conditions and is deregulated in many pathologies, including cancer. TGF-β is a multifunctional cytokine that acts in a cell- and context-dependent manner as a tumor promoter or tumor suppressor. As a tumor promoter, the TGF-β pathway enhances cell proliferation, migratory invasion, metastatic spread within the tumor microenvironment and suppresses immunosurveillance. Collectively, the pleiotropic nature of TGF-β signaling contributes to drug resistance, tumor escape and undermines clinical response to therapy. Based upon a wealth of preclinical studies, the TGF-β pathway has been pharmacologically targeted using small molecule inhibitors, TGF-β-directed chimeric monoclonal antibodies, ligand traps, antisense oligonucleotides and vaccines that have been now evaluated in clinical trials. Here, we have assessed the safety and efficacy of TGF-β pathway antagonists from multiple drug classes that have been evaluated in completed and ongoing trials. We highlight Vactosertib, a highly potent small molecule TGF-β type 1 receptor kinase inhibitor that is well-tolerated with an acceptable safety profile that has shown efficacy against multiple types of cancer. The TGF-β ligand traps Bintrafusp alfa (a bifunctional conjugate that binds TGF-β and PD-L1), AVID200 (a computationally designed trap of TGF-β receptor ectodomains fused to an Fc domain) and Luspatercept (a recombinant fusion that links the activin receptor IIb to IgG) offer new ways to fight difficult-to-treat cancers. While TGF-β pathway antagonists are rapidly emerging as highly promising, safe and effective anticancer agents, significant challenges remain. Minimizing the unintentional inhibition of tumor-suppressing activity and inflammatory effects with the desired restraint on tumor-promoting activities has impeded the clinical development of TGF-β pathway antagonists. A better understanding of the mechanistic details of the TGF-β pathway should lead to more effective TGF-β antagonists and uncover biomarkers that better stratify patient selection, improve patient responses and further the clinical development of TGF-β antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Gyu Kim
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ehsan Malek
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Adult Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplant Section, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sung Hee Choi
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - James J Ignatz-Hoover
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Adult Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplant Section, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - James J Driscoll
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Adult Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplant Section, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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McFarlane AJ, Fercoq F, Coffelt SB, Carlin LM. Neutrophil dynamics in the tumor microenvironment. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:143759. [PMID: 33720040 PMCID: PMC7954585 DOI: 10.1172/jci143759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment profoundly influences the behavior of recruited leukocytes and tissue-resident immune cells. These immune cells, which inherently have environmentally driven plasticity necessary for their roles in tissue homeostasis, dynamically interact with tumor cells and the tumor stroma and play critical roles in determining the course of disease. Among these immune cells, neutrophils were once considered much more static within the tumor microenvironment; however, some of these earlier assumptions were the product of the notorious difficulty in manipulating neutrophils in vitro. Technological advances that allow us to study neutrophils in context are now revealing the true roles of neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment. Here we discuss recent data generated by some of these tools and how these data might be synthesized into more elegant ways of targeting these powerful and abundant effector immune cells in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frédéric Fercoq
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Seth B. Coffelt
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Leo M. Carlin
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Ma D, Qiao L, Guo B. Smad7 suppresses melanoma lung metastasis by impairing Tregs migration to the tumor microenvironment. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:719-731. [PMID: 33594321 PMCID: PMC7868836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling plays critical roles in both physiological and pathological conditions. In the tumor microenvironment, TGF-β are well demonstrated as a tumor inducer, which also promote tumor growth and metastasis. SMAD family is an important TGF-β signalling transducer, which consists of receptor-regulated SMADs (R-SMADs), common-mediator SMADs (co-SMADs), and inhibitory SMADs (I-SMADs). Smad7 is one of the I-SMADs which has been proved to block TGF-β signalling transduction in both tumor cells and immune cells. Accumulated evidence has suggested SMAD7 acted as a tumor suppressor in various cancer types, such as colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer and skin melanoma, etc. However, the role of SMAD7 in melanoma lung metastasis has not been well studied. Here, we first investigated the role of SMAD7 on tumor cell viability by overexpressing SMAD7 in murine melanoma cell line B16-F10. Our results showed that SMAD7 overexpression slightly impaired B16-F10 cells growth, promoted cell apoptosis and arrested the cell cycle at S phase. In vivo study showed that SMAD7 overexpression inhibited B16-F10 lung metastasis. Further mechanism study suggested that SMAD7 promoted T cells activation by decreasing regulatory T cells (Tregs) infiltrating into the tumor microenvironment. In summary, our results proved that tumor cell derived SMAD7 inhibited melanoma lung metastasis by impairing the migration capacity of Tregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deliang Ma
- Department of Oncology, Linyi Central HospitalLinyi 276400, Shandong, China
| | - Li Qiao
- Department of Oncology, Linyi Central HospitalLinyi 276400, Shandong, China
| | - Bingnan Guo
- Jiangsu Institute of Health Emergency, Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China
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Holmström MO, Mortensen REJ, Pavlidis AM, Martinenaite E, Weis-Banke SE, Aaboe-Jørgensen M, Bendtsen SK, Met Ö, Pedersen AW, Donia M, Svane IM, Andersen MH. Cytotoxic T cells isolated from healthy donors and cancer patients kill TGFβ-expressing cancer cells in a TGFβ-dependent manner. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:415-426. [PMID: 33408343 PMCID: PMC8027197 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-00593-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) is a highly potent immunosuppressive cytokine. Although TGFβ is a tumor suppressor in early/premalignant cancer lesions, the cytokine has several tumor-promoting effects in advanced cancer; abrogation of the antitumor immune response is one of the most important tumor-promoting effects. As several immunoregulatory mechanisms have recently been shown to be targets of specific T cells, we hypothesized that TGFβ is targeted by naturally occurring specific T cells and thus could be a potential target for immunomodulatory cancer vaccination. Hence, we tested healthy donor and cancer patient T cells for spontaneous T-cell responses specifically targeting 38 20-mer epitopes derived from TGFβ1. We identified numerous CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses against several epitopes in TGFβ. Additionally, several ex vivo responses were identified. By enriching specific T cells from different donors, we produced highly specific cultures specific to several TGFβ-derived epitopes. Cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell clones specific for both a 20-mer epitope and a 9-mer HLA-A2 restricted killed epitope peptide were pulsed in HLA-A2+ target cells and killed the HLA-A2+ cancer cell lines THP-1 and UKE-1. Additionally, stimulation of THP-1 cancer cells with cytokines that increased TGFβ expression increased the fraction of killed cells. In conclusion, we have shown that healthy donors and cancer patients harbor CD4+ and CD8+ T cells specific for TGFβ-derived epitopes and that cytotoxic T cells with specificity toward TGFβ-derived epitopes are able to recognize and kill cancer cell lines in a TGFβ-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Orebo Holmström
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Angelos Michail Pavlidis
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Evelina Martinenaite
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- IO Biotech ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine Emilie Weis-Banke
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Mia Aaboe-Jørgensen
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Simone Kloch Bendtsen
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Özcan Met
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Marco Donia
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Inge Marie Svane
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Mads Hald Andersen
- Department of Oncology, National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.
- Institute for Immunology and Microbiology, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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