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Nam YJ, Cho CH, Kim L, Lee HJ. Association of G-Protein β3 Subunit C825T Polymorphism with Seasonal Variations in Mood and Behavior. Psychiatry Investig 2018; 15:200-204. [PMID: 29475230 PMCID: PMC5900410 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2017.09.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Seasonal affective disorder and seasonal changes in mood and behavior are associated with several genes that regulate circadian rhythms. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the C825T polymorphism of the G-protein β3 subunit and seasonal variations in mood and behavior in a young healthy Korean population. METHODS A total of 507 young Korean participants were recruited through a newspaper advertisement, and their seasonality was evaluated by the Korean version of the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire to assess the global seasonality score (GSS). We analyzed the CC, CT, and TT genotypes and their association with the GSS score and subscales. RESULTS T allele carriers of the GNB3 C825T polymorphism were more likely to score higher on body weight and GSS. In the female group, the T allele carriers obtained significantly high total GSS and its subscale scores for mood, body weight, energy level, and appetite; however, differences in genotypes and allele carriers were also observed in the male participants. CONCLUSION These results suggested that GNB3 C825T polymorphism plays a role in seasonal variations in mood, body weight, energy level, and appetite in a Korean population, particularly in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Ju Nam
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Hyun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Korea University Chronobiology Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Leen Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Korea University Chronobiology Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heon-Jeong Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Korea University Chronobiology Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Song HM, Cho CH, Lee HJ, Moon JH, Kang SG, Yoon HK, Park YM, Kim L. Association of CLOCK, ARNTL, PER2, and GNB3 polymorphisms with diurnal preference in a Korean population. Chronobiol Int 2016; 33:1455-1463. [PMID: 27660894 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2016.1231199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in human circadian genes are potential genetic markers that affect diurnal preference in several populations. In this study, we evaluated whether four polymorphisms in circadian genes CLOCK, ARNTL, PER2, and GNB3 were associated with diurnal preference in a Korean population. In all, 499 healthy subjects were genotyped for four functional polymorphisms in CLOCK, ARNTL, PER2, and GNB3. Composite scale of morningness (CSM) was applied to measure phenotype patterns of human diurnal preference. In addition, three subscale scores, i.e. "morningness," "activity planning," and "morning alertness," were extracted from the CSM. No significant associations were observed between CSM scores and CLOCK (rs1801260) genotype or T allele carrier status, CSM scores and ARNTL (rs2278749) C allele carrier status, and CSM scores and GNB3 (rs5443) genotype or C allele carrier status. However, total CSM scores and scores of its subscales were significantly associated with PER2 (rs934945) genotype (p = 0.010, p = 0.018, and p = 0.005 for total, morningness, and activity planning, respectively) and G allele carrier status (p = 0.003, p = 0.005, and p = 0.002 for total, morningness, and activity planning, respectively). The best model result obtained by performing multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis ([Formula: see text]2 = 11.2798, p = 0.0008) indicated that interaction among C/T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in ARNTL, C/T SNP in GNB3, and G/A SNP in PER2 synergistically affected the risk associated with diurnal preference toward eveningness. These results suggest that circadian gene PER2 is associated with diurnal preference in healthy Korean population. Although polymorphisms in ARNTL and GNB3 were not significantly associated with diurnal preference, their interactions with the polymorphism in PER2 may synergistically increase the risk of diurnal preference toward eveningness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Min Song
- a Department of Biomedical Science , Korea University College of Medicine
| | - Chul-Hyun Cho
- b Department of Psychiatry , Korea University College of Medicine.,c Sleep-Wake Disorders Center, Anam Hospital, Korea University , Seoul
| | - Heon-Jeong Lee
- a Department of Biomedical Science , Korea University College of Medicine.,b Department of Psychiatry , Korea University College of Medicine.,c Sleep-Wake Disorders Center, Anam Hospital, Korea University , Seoul
| | - Joung Ho Moon
- a Department of Biomedical Science , Korea University College of Medicine
| | - Seung-Gul Kang
- d Department of Psychiatry , Gachon University School of Medicine , Incheon
| | - Ho-Kyoung Yoon
- b Department of Psychiatry , Korea University College of Medicine.,c Sleep-Wake Disorders Center, Anam Hospital, Korea University , Seoul
| | - Young-Min Park
- e Department of Psychiatry , Inje University College of Medicine , Ilsan , Republic of Korea
| | - Leen Kim
- b Department of Psychiatry , Korea University College of Medicine.,c Sleep-Wake Disorders Center, Anam Hospital, Korea University , Seoul
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Kim HI, Lee HJ, Cho CH, Kang SG, Yoon HK, Park YM, Lee SH, Moon JH, Song HM, Lee E, Kim L. Association of CLOCK, ARNTL, and NPAS2 gene polymorphisms and seasonal variations in mood and behavior. Chronobiol Int 2015; 32:785-91. [PMID: 26134245 DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2015.1049613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a condition of seasonal mood changes characterized by recurrent depression in autumn or winter that spontaneously remits in spring or summer. Evidence has suggested that circadian gene variants contribute to the pathogenesis of SAD. In this study, we investigated polymorphisms in the CLOCK, ARNTL, and NPAS2 genes in relation to seasonal variation in 507 healthy young adults. Seasonal variations were assessed with the Seasonality Pattern Assessment Questionnaire. The prevalence of SAD was 12.0% (winter-type 9.3%, summer-type 2.8%). No significant difference was found between the groups in the genotype distribution of ARNTL rs2278749 and NPAS2 rs2305160. The T allele of CLOCK rs1801260 was significantly more frequent in seasonals (SAD + subsyndromal SAD) compared with non-seasonals (p = 0.020, odds ratio = 1.89, 95% confidence interval = 1.09-3.27). Global seasonality score was significantly different among genotypes of CLOCK rs1801260, but not among genotypes of ARNTL rs2278749 and NPAS2 rs2305160. However, statistical difference was observed in the body weight and appetite subscales among genotypes of ARNTL rs2278749 and in the body weight subscale among genotypes of NPAS2 rs2305160. There was synergistic interaction between CLOCK rs1801260 and ARNTL rs2278749 on seasonality. To our knowledge, this study is the first to reveal an association between the CLOCK gene and seasonal variations in mood and behavior in the Korean population. Although we cannot confirm previous findings of an association between SAD and the ARNTL and NPAS2 genes, these genes may influence seasonal variations through metabolic factors such as body weight and appetite. The interaction of the CLOCK and ARNTL genes contributes to susceptibility for SAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-In Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
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Cognitive Functions across the GNB3 C825T Polymorphism in an Elderly Italian Population. Neurol Res Int 2013; 2013:597034. [PMID: 24251036 PMCID: PMC3819753 DOI: 10.1155/2013/597034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To verify whether the C825T polymorphism of the GNB3 influences the response to neuropsychological tests, mini-mental state examination, digit span (DS), immediate and delayed prose memory, memory with interference at 10 and 30 seconds (MI 10 and 30), trail making tests (TMTs) A and B, abstraction task, verbal fluency (VF) test, figure drawing and copying, overlapping figures test and clock test were performed in 220 elderly men and women free from clinical dementia and from neurological and psychiatric diseases randomly taken from the Italian general population and analysed across the C825T polymorphism. The performance of DS, immediate and delayed prose memory, VF, and TMTs was worse in subjects who were TT for the polymorphism in comparison to the C-carriers. The performance of all tests declined with age. In the case of DS, immediate and delayed prose memory, MI 10 and VF, this trend was maintained in the C-carriers but not in TT. In the case of prose memory, of memory with interference, and of VF, schooling reduced the detrimental interaction between age and genotype. The C825T polymorphism of GNB3 gene therefore influences memory and verbal fluency, being additive to the effects of age and partially mitigated by schooling.
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Evans DS, Parimi N, Nievergelt CM, Blackwell T, Redline S, Ancoli-Israel S, Orwoll ES, Cummings SR, Stone KL, Tranah GJ. Common genetic variants in ARNTL and NPAS2 and at chromosome 12p13 are associated with objectively measured sleep traits in the elderly. Sleep 2013; 36:431-46. [PMID: 23449886 PMCID: PMC3571755 DOI: 10.5665/sleep.2466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To determine the association between common genetic variation in the clock gene pathway and objectively measured acti-graphic sleep and activity rhythm traits. DESIGN Genetic association study in two population-based cohorts of elderly participants: the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) and the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study. SETTING Population-based. PARTICIPANTS SOF participants (n = 1,407, 100% female, mean age 84 years) and MrOS participants (n = 2,527, 100% male, mean age 77 years) with actigraphy and genotype data. INTERVENTIONS N/A. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Common genetic variation in 30 candidate genes was captured using 529 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Sleep and activity rhythm traits were objectively measured using wrist actigraphy. In a region of high linkage disequilibrium on chromosome 12p13 containing the candidate gene GNB3, the rs1047776 A allele and the rs2238114 C allele were significantly associated with higher wake after sleep onset (meta-analysis: rs1047776 PADD = 2 × 10(-5), rs2238114 PADD = 5 × 10(-5)) and lower LRRC23 gene expression (rs1047776: ρ = -0.22, P = 0.02; rs2238114: ρ = -0.50, P = 5 × 10(-8)). In MrOS participants, SNPs in ARNTL and NPAS2, genes coding for binding partners, were associated with later sleep and wake onset time (sleep onset time: ARNTL rs3816358 P2DF = 1 × 10(-4), NPAS2 rs3768984 P2DF = 5 × 10(-5); wake onset time: rs3816358 P2DF = 3 × 10(-3), rs3768984 P2DF = 2 × 10(-4)) and the SNP interaction was significant (sleep onset time PINT = 0.003, wake onset time PINT = 0.001). A SNP association in the CLOCK gene replicated in the MrOS cohort, and rs3768984 was associated with sleep duration in a previously reported study. Cluster analysis identified four clusters of genetic associations. CONCLUSIONS These findings support a role for common genetic variation in clock genes in the regulation of inter-related sleep traits in the elderly. CITATION Evans DS; Parimi N; Nievergelt CM; Blackwell T; Redline S; Ancoli-Israel S; Orwoll ES; Cummings SR; Stone KL; Tranah GJ. Common genetic variants in ARNTL and NPAS2 and at chromosome 12p13 are associated with objectively measured sleep traits in the elderly. SLEEP 2013;36(3):431-446.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S. Evans
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA
| | - Neeta Parimi
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Terri Blackwell
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA
| | - Susan Redline
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Beth Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Eric S. Orwoll
- School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | | | - Katie L. Stone
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA
| | - Gregory J. Tranah
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA
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Chen PS, Yeh TL, Lee IH, Lin CB, Tsai HC, Chen KC, Chiu NT, Yao WJ, Yang YK, Chou YH. Effects of C825T polymorphism of the GNB3 gene on availability of dopamine transporter in healthy volunteers — A SPECT study. Neuroimage 2011; 56:1526-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.10.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2010] [Revised: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Park YM, Chung YC, Lee SH, Lee KJ, Kim H, Choi JE, Kang SG, Lee MS, Kim L, Lee HJ. G-protein beta3 Subunit Gene 825C/T Polymorphism Is Not Associated with Olanzapine-Induced Weight Gain in Korean Schizophrenic Patients. Psychiatry Investig 2009; 6:39-43. [PMID: 20046372 PMCID: PMC2796038 DOI: 10.4306/pi.2009.6.1.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Revised: 02/15/2009] [Accepted: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Weight gain is a possible adverse effect of the use of antipsychotics, and is an important factor for long-term health and treatment compliance. Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic known to cause considerable weight gain. A relationship between weight gain and the G protein beta3 subunit gene (GNB3) 825C/T polymorphism has been reported. We therefore examined this possible association in a Korean schizophrenic patient group receiving olanzapine treatment. METHODS Weight and height measurements were obtained prior to starting olanzapine and measured again after long-term treatment. Genotyping for the 825C/T polymorphism was performed using a PCR-based method. RESULTS We found that long-term treatment with olanzapine resulted in mean gains in weight and body mass index (BMI) of 5.2 kg and 1.93 kg/m(2), respectively. There was a no significant difference in the mean body weight change from baseline to the endpoint after olanzapine treatment between the genotype groups (p=0.796). There were also no significant differences in genotype or allele frequencies between the severe weight-gain (more than 10%) and minimal weight-gain (less than 10%) groups (chi(2)=0.037, p=0.98; chi(2)=0.020, p=0.89). CONCLUSION The finding from this study thus does not support a relationship between the GNB3 825C/T polymorphism and weight gain in Korean schizophrenic patients receiving olanzapine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Min Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Young-Cho Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Kang-Joon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Brain Korea 21 Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Gul Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Soo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Leen Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heon-Jeong Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Brain Korea 21 Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kang SG, Lee HJ, Choi JE, Park JH, Lee SS, Han C, Kim YK, Kim SH, Lee MS, Joe SH, Jung IK, Kim L. Possible association between G-protein β3 subunit C825T polymorphism and antipsychotic-induced restless legs syndrome in schizophrenia. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2007; 19:351-6. [PMID: 26953000 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5215.2007.00240.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The incidence of restless legs syndrome (RLS) is presumed to be higher among people with schizophrenia who take antipsychotic medication, most of which blocks the dopamine D2 receptor. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the G-protein β3 subunit (GNB3) C825T polymorphism is associated with antipsychotic-induced RLS in schizophrenia. METHODS We examined 178 Korean patients with schizophrenia. All of the subjects were evaluated using the diagnostic criteria of the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group and the International Restless Legs Scale. Genotyping was performed for the C825T polymorphism in the GNB3 gene. RESULTS The genotype distribution did not differ significantly between antipsychotic-induced RLS patients and patients who had no-RLS symptoms (χ 2 = 4.30, p = 0.116). The genotypes of the C825T single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) were classified into two groups: C+ (CC and CT genotypes) and C- (TT genotype). The presence of the C allele (C+) was associated with an increased likelihood of RLS (χ 2 = 4.14, p = 0.042; odds ratio = 2.56, 95% confidence interval = 1.02-6.47). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the GNB3 C825T SNP is associated with RLS in schizophrenia. However, confirming this association requires future larger scale studies in which the effects of medication are strictly controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Gul Kang
- 1Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Heon-Jeong Lee
- 1Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Choi
- 1Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Park
- 3Department of Psychiatry, National Bugok Hospital, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea
| | - Sang-Shin Lee
- 3Department of Psychiatry, National Bugok Hospital, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea
| | - Changsu Han
- 1Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong-Ku Kim
- 1Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- 1Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Soo Lee
- 1Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sook-Haeng Joe
- 1Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In-Kwa Jung
- 1Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Leen Kim
- 1Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Lee HJ, Kang SG, Paik JW, Lee MS, Cho BH, Park YM, Kim W, Choi JE, Jung IK, Kim L, Lee MS. No evidence for an association between G protein beta3 subunit gene C825T polymorphism and tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia. Hum Psychopharmacol 2007; 22:501-4. [PMID: 17726725 DOI: 10.1002/hup.875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a long-term adverse effect of antipsychotic. We evaluated candidate functional polymorphism of the G protein beta3 subunit (GNB3) gene for association with drug-induced TD in the Korean schizophrenic patients. METHODS We investigated whether the C825T polymorphism of the GNB3 gene is associated with the TD in a Korean sample of schizophrenic patients with (n = 83) and without TD (n = 126), matched for antipsychotic drug exposure and other relevant variables. RESULTS The distribution of genotypes and allele frequencies of GNB3 were not different between schizophrenic patients with TD and without TD (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Within the limitations imposed by the size of the clinical sample, these findings suggest that the GNB3 825 C/T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) does not contribute significantly to risk for TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heon-Jeong Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee HJ, Paik JW, Kang SG, Lim SW, Kim L. Allelic variants interaction of CLOCK gene and G-protein beta3 subunit gene with diurnal preference. Chronobiol Int 2007; 24:589-97. [PMID: 17701674 DOI: 10.1080/07420520701534632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The 3111 C/T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the CLOCK gene and the 825C/T SNP in the G-protein beta3 subunit gene (GNB3) have been reported to influence diurnal preference. This study has attempted to characterize the association between the CLOCK gene and GNB3 polymorphisms and diurnal preference in healthy Korean college students. All subjects completed the 13-item Composite Scale for Morningness (CSM). The interaction between the 3111 C/T SNP in the CLOCK gene and the 825 C/T SNP in the GNB3 gene significantly influenced diurnal preference, according to the CSM Performance subscore (F=10.94, p=0.001). However, when the different polymorphisms of the two genes were analyzed independently, no direct correlations with diurnal preference were detected. The CLOCK gene 3111 C/T SNP and GNB3 gene 825 C/T SNP were found to manifest a gene-gene interaction that affects diurnal preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heon-Jeong Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 136-705, Korea
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Association between 5-HT2A, TPH1 and GNB3 genotypes and response to typical neuroleptics: a serotonergic approach. BMC Psychiatry 2007; 7:22. [PMID: 17521439 PMCID: PMC1888684 DOI: 10.1186/1471-244x-7-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2006] [Accepted: 05/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a common psychiatric disease affecting about 1% of population. One major problem in the treatment is finding the right the drug for the right patients. However, pharmacogenetic results in psychiatry can seldom be replicated. METHODS We selected three candidate genes associated with serotonergic neurotransmission for the study: serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptor gene, tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1) gene, and G-protein beta-3 subunit (GNB3) gene. We recruited 94 schizophrenia patients representing extremes in treatment response to typical neuroleptics: 43 were good responders and 51 were poor responders. The control group consisted of 392 healthy blood donors. RESULTS We do, in part, replicate the association between 5-HT2A T102C polymorphism and response to typical neuroleptics. In female patients, C/C genotype was significantly more common in non-responders than in responders [OR = 6.04 (95% Cl 1.67-21.93), p = 0.005] or in the control population [OR = 4.16 (95% CI 1.46-11.84), p = 0.005]. TPH1 A779C C/A genotype was inversely associated with good treatment response when compared with non-responders [OR = 0.59 (95% Cl 0.36-0.98), p = 0.030] or with the controls [OR = 0.44 (95% CI 0.23-0.86, p = 0.016], and GNB3 C825T C/T genotype showed a trend-like positive association among the male patients with a good response compared with non-responders [OR = 3.48 (95% Cl 0.92-13.25), p = 0.061], and a clearer association when compared with the controls [OR = 4.95 (95% CI 1.56-15.70), p = 0.004]. CONCLUSION More findings on the consequences of functional polymorphisms for the role of serotonin in the development of brain and serotonergic neurotransmission are needed before more detailed hypotheses regarding susceptibility and outcome in schizophrenia can be formulated. The present results may highlight some of the biological mechanisms in different courses of schizophrenia between men and women.
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Paik JW, Lee HJ, Kang SG, Lim SW, Lee MS, Kim L. CLOCK gene 3111C/T polymorphism is not associated with seasonal variations in mood and behavior in Korean college students. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2007; 61:124-6. [PMID: 17239050 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.2007.01621.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study tested the potential association between the 3111C/T polymorphism of the CLOCK gene and seasonal variations in mood and behavior. A total of 297 Korean college students were genotyped for the CLOCK polymorphism and the seasonal variation was evaluated using the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ). The seasonality scores were not different between CLOCK gene variants (P > 0.05). Comparison between seasonals (syndromal plus subsyndromal seasonal affective disorder according to SPAQ) and non-seasonals found no significant difference in frequencies of genotypes (P > 0.05). These findings suggest that the CLOCK polymorphism does not play a major role in susceptibility to seasonal variations in a Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Woo Paik
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee HJ, Sung SM, Lim SW, Paik JW. Seasonality associated with the serotonin 2A receptor -1438 A/G polymorphism. J Affect Disord 2006; 95:145-8. [PMID: 16762419 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2006.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2005] [Revised: 05/01/2006] [Accepted: 05/04/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seasonal affective disorder and seasonal rhythms in mood and behavior (seasonality) have been reported to be associated with serotonergic system. In this study we investigated the relationship between the serotonin 2A receptor (5HTR2A) -1438 A/G polymorphism and seasonal variation in a young Korean healthy population. METHODS 297 young Korean medical students were recruited for this study. They were genotyped for the 5HTR2A -1438 A/G polymorphism and evaluated the seasonal variation in mood and behavior by the Seasonality Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ). RESULTS The Global Seasonality Score of the SPAQ among three genotypes were not different. However, the comparison between seasonals and non-seasonals showed significant difference in the genotype distribution. The winter-type seasonals showed a significantly higher frequency of the 5HTR2A -1438 A allele compared with non-seasonals (chi2 = 6.80, p = 0.009; OR = 1.79; 95% CI, 1.15-2.78). CONCLUSION These results suggest that the 5HTR2A -1438 A/G polymorphism is possibly related to seasonality in the Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heon-Jeong Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 136-705, Korea
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Prestes AP, Marques FZC, Hutz MH, Bau CHD. The GNB3 C825T polymorphism and depression among subjects with alcohol dependence. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2006; 114:469-72. [PMID: 16897596 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-006-0550-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2006] [Accepted: 06/23/2006] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The T allele of the C825T polymorphism in the G-protein beta(3) subunit gene (GNB3) is related to the increase of signal transduction by the G-protein. G-proteins are intermediary paths in signal transduction from receptors involved in mood regulation and substance dependence. We studied the C825T polymorphism in individuals with (i) alcohol and nicotine dependence (n = 109), (ii) nicotine dependence only (n = 117) and (iii) non-dependent controls (n = 108). We also tested for possible associations with psychiatric comorbidities among alcohol-dependent individuals. No differences were detected for allele and genotype frequencies in individuals with or without dependencies. Alcohol-dependent individuals with the heterozygous genotype presented more frequently major depressive disorder (chi(2) = 12.34; p = 0.002). These findings, taken together with other studies suggesting an influence of the C825T polymorphism in major depressive disorder, support the hypothesis of the involvement of G-proteins in mood regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Prestes
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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