1
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Miller LJ, Holmes IM, Lew M. An Updated Contextual Approach to Mesothelial Proliferations in Pleural Effusion Cytology Leveraging Morphology, Ancillary Studies, and Novel Biomarkers. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2024; 148:409-418. [PMID: 37622452 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2023-0049-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— Pleural effusions are common cytologic specimens that can be leveraged to make diagnoses of malignancy that drive appropriate patient management. However, the overlap in morphologic features of reactive mesothelial proliferations, mesotheliomas, and adenocarcinomas can create diagnostic pitfalls in the cytologic evaluation of pleural fluids. OBJECTIVE.— To review the morphologic spectrum of benign and malignant mesothelial proliferations in pleural effusions, as well as relevant clinicoradiologic contexts and ancillary tests. DATA SOURCES.— Existing scientific and clinical literature as of January 2023. CONCLUSIONS.— We can leverage the knowledge of several overlapping morphologic features, clinicoradiologic scenarios, and immunohistochemical studies to enhance the diagnostic accuracy of pleural effusion cytology to appropriately delineate cases of adenocarcinoma, reactive mesothelial proliferation, and mesothelioma. Earlier diagnosis through cytology, particularly in cases of mesothelioma, may positively impact patient treatment options and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren J Miller
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Hospital and Health System, Ann Arbor
| | - Isabella M Holmes
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Hospital and Health System, Ann Arbor
| | - Madelyn Lew
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Hospital and Health System, Ann Arbor
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2
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Tuncel T, Metintas M, Güntülü AK, Güneş HV. Whole-Genome Comparative Copy Number Alteration Profiling between Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma and Asbestos-Induced Chronic Pleuritis. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2024; 43:31-44. [PMID: 37824368 DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2023047755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is rare and aggressive cancer. The most important risk factor for MPM is exposure to asbestos. In this study, we scanned the genomes of individuals MPM and asbestos-induced chronic pleuritis (AICP) to compare and determine copy number alterations (CNAs) between two asbestos-related diseases. We used high-resolution SNP arrays to compare CNA profiles between MPM (n = 55) and AICP (n = 18). DNAs extracted from pleural tissues in both groups. SNP array analysis revealed common losses at 1p, 3p, 6q, 9p, 13q, 14q, 15q, 16q, 22q and frequent gains at chromosomes 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, and 6p, 12q, 15q, 17p, 20q in MPMs (frequencies max 67%-min 30%; these alterations were not detected in AICPs. Besides detecting well-known MPM-associated CNAs, our high -resolution copy number profiling also detected comparatively rare CNAs for MPMs including losses like 9q33.3, 16q and gains of 1p, 1q, 3p, 3q, 6p, 7q, 15q, 12q, 17p, 20q at significant frequencies in the MPM cohort. We also observed Copy Number gains clustered on the NF2 locus in AICPs, whereas this region was commonly deleted in MPMs. According to this distinct genomic profiles between the two groups, AICPs genomes can be clearly distinguished from highly altered MPM genomes. Hence, we can suggest that SNP arrays can be used as a supporting diagnostic tool in terms of discriminating asbestos-related malignant disease such as MPM and benign pleural lesions, which can be challenging in most instances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunç Tuncel
- Health Institutes of Turkey, Turkish Biotechnology Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Metintas
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University Medical Faculty, Department of Chest Diseases, Lung and Pleural Cancers Research and Clinical Center, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - A K Güntülü
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University Medical Faculty, Department of Chest Diseases, Lung and Pleural Cancers Research and Clinical Center, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Hasan Veysi Güneş
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology, Eskisehir, Turkey
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3
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Weng J, Chen J. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of the role of VWF in the tumor microenvironment of malignant mesothelioma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35579. [PMID: 37832118 PMCID: PMC10578691 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the influence and effect of tumor microenvironment on the development of malignant mesothelioma using machine learning methods. 87 open cases were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas database including transcriptome data, clinical data, and mutation data. The immune, stromal, and estimate scores were calculated for each case by using the ESTIMATE algorithm, and then the cases were grouped according to high and low stromal scores to predict all-cause survival in malignant mesothelioma cases. Their mutation data were analyzed to reveal the differences in mutated genes between the 2 groups, and then the von Willebrand factor (VWF) and FCRL3 genes were identified according to the intersection of DEGs and high-frequency mutated genes. Lastly, the correlation between VWF and the immune checkpoint of 22 kinds of immune cells was analyzed by using the CIBERSORT package of R software. A significant difference was found in the survival time of patients between the high and low stromal score groups. High expression of the VWF gene was negatively correlated with the prognosis of malignant mesothelioma, and the expression of VWF was positively correlated with naive B cells and activated CD4 memory T cells and negatively correlated with NK cells. The results revealed that high expression of VWF may involve in the development of malignant mesothelioma, and the anti-CTLA4 immune checkpoint treatment may have certain efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiren Weng
- Affiliated Yueqing Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Affiliated Yueqing Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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4
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Malignant pleural mesothelioma with an EML4-ALK fusion: Expect the unexpected! Pathol Res Pract 2022; 231:153772. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Hajj GNM, Cavarson CH, Pinto CAL, Venturi G, Navarro JR, Lima VCCD. Malignant pleural mesothelioma: an update. J Bras Pneumol 2021; 47:e20210129. [PMID: 34909922 PMCID: PMC8836658 DOI: 10.36416/1806-3756/e20210129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesotheliomas are rare types of cancers that affect the mesothelial surfaces, usually the pleura and peritoneum. They are associated with asbestos exposure, but due to a latency period of more than 30 years and difficult diagnosis, most cases are not detected until they reach advanced stages. Treatment options for this tumor type are very limited and survival ranges from 12 to 36 months. This review discusses the molecular physiopathology, current diagnosis, and latest therapeutic options for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glaucia N M Hajj
- Instituto International de Pesquisa, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo (SP), Brasil.,Instituto Nacional de Oncogenômica e Inovação Terapêutica, São Paulo (SP), Brasil
| | - Carolina H Cavarson
- Instituto International de Pesquisa, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo (SP), Brasil.,Instituto Nacional de Oncogenômica e Inovação Terapêutica, São Paulo (SP), Brasil
| | | | - Gabriela Venturi
- Instituto International de Pesquisa, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo (SP), Brasil.,BP Mirante, São Paulo (SP), Brasil
| | | | - Vladmir C Cordeiro de Lima
- Instituto Nacional de Oncogenômica e Inovação Terapêutica, São Paulo (SP), Brasil.,Rede D'Or, São Paulo (SP), Brasil
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6
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Brims F. Epidemiology and Clinical Aspects of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164194. [PMID: 34439349 PMCID: PMC8391310 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesothelioma is a cancer predominantly of the pleural cavity. There is a clear association of exposure to asbestos with a dose dependent risk of mesothelioma. The incidence of mesothelioma in different countries reflect the historical patterns of commercial asbestos utilisation in the last century and predominant occupational exposures mean that mesothelioma is mostly seen in males. Modern imaging techniques and advances in immunohistochemical staining have contributed to an improved diagnosis of mesothelioma. There have also been recent advances in immune checkpoint inhibition, however, mesothelioma remains very challenging to manage, especially considering its limited response to conventional systemic anticancer therapy and that no cure exists. Palliative interventions and support remain paramount with a median survival of 9-12 months after diagnosis. The epidemiology and diagnosis of mesothelioma has been debated over previous decades, due to a number of factors, such as the long latent period following asbestos exposure and disease occurrence, the different potencies of the various forms of asbestos used commercially, the occurrence of mesothelioma in the peritoneal cavity and its heterogeneous pathological and cytological appearances. This review will describe the contemporary knowledge on the epidemiology of mesothelioma and provide an overview of the best clinical practice including diagnostic approaches and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fraser Brims
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia;
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, Institute for Respiratory Health, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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7
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Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare, aggressive malignancy of the pleural lining associated with asbestos exposure in greater than 80% of cases. It is characterized by molecular heterogeneity both between patients and within individual tumors. Next-generation sequencing technology and novel computational techniques have resulted in a greater understanding of the epigenetic, genetic, and transcriptomic hallmarks of MPM. This article reviews these features and discusses the implications of advances in MPM molecular biology in clinical practice.
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Cakiroglu E, Senturk S. Genomics and Functional Genomics of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176342. [PMID: 32882916 PMCID: PMC7504302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare, aggressive cancer of the mesothelial cells lining the pleural surface of the chest wall and lung. The etiology of MPM is strongly associated with prior exposure to asbestos fibers, and the median survival rate of the diagnosed patients is approximately one year. Despite the latest advancements in surgical techniques and systemic therapies, currently available treatment modalities of MPM fail to provide long-term survival. The increasing incidence of MPM highlights the need for finding effective treatments. Targeted therapies offer personalized treatments in many cancers. However, targeted therapy in MPM is not recommended by clinical guidelines mainly because of poor target definition. A better understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms and the predictors of poor clinical outcomes of MPM is required to identify novel targets and develop precise and effective treatments. Recent advances in the genomics and functional genomics fields have provided groundbreaking insights into the genomic and molecular profiles of MPM and enabled the functional characterization of the genetic alterations. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the relevant literature and highlights the potential of state-of-the-art genomics and functional genomics research to facilitate the development of novel diagnostics and therapeutic modalities in MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Cakiroglu
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir 35340, Turkey;
- Department of Genome Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir 35340, Turkey
| | - Serif Senturk
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir 35340, Turkey;
- Department of Genome Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir 35340, Turkey
- Correspondence:
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9
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Pirker C, Bilecz A, Grusch M, Mohr T, Heidenreich B, Laszlo V, Stockhammer P, Lötsch-Gojo D, Gojo J, Gabler L, Spiegl-Kreinecker S, Dome B, Steindl A, Klikovits T, Hoda MA, Jakopovic M, Samarzija M, Mohorcic K, Kern I, Kiesel B, Brcic L, Oberndorfer F, Müllauer L, Klepetko W, Schmidt WM, Kumar R, Hegedus B, Berger W. Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Promoter Mutations Identify a Genomically Defined and Highly Aggressive Human Pleural Mesothelioma Subgroup. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:3819-3830. [PMID: 32317288 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-3573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Human malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is characterized by dismal prognosis. Consequently, dissection of molecular mechanisms driving malignancy is of key importance. Here we investigate whether activating mutations in the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene promoter are present in MPM and associated with disease progression, cell immortalization, and genomic alteration patterns. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN TERT promoters were sequenced in 182 MPM samples and compared with clinicopathologic characteristics. Surgical specimens from 45 patients with MPM were tested for in vitro immortalization. The respective MPM cell models (N = 22) were analyzed by array comparative genomic hybridization, gene expression profiling, exome sequencing as well as TRAP, telomere length, and luciferase promoter assays. RESULTS TERT promoter mutations were detected in 19 of 182 (10.4%) MPM cases and significantly associated with advanced disease and nonepithelioid histology. Mutations independently predicted shorter overall survival in both histologic MPM subtypes. Moreover, 9 of 9 (100%) mutated but only 13 of 36 (36.1%) wild-type samples formed immortalized cell lines. TERT promoter mutations were associated with enforced promoter activity and TERT mRNA expression, while neither telomerase activity nor telomere lengths were significantly altered. TERT promoter-mutated MPM cases exhibited distinctly reduced chromosomal alterations and specific mutation patterns. While BAP1 mutations/deletions were exclusive with TERT promoter mutations, homozygous deletions at the RBFOX1 and the GSTT1 loci were clearly enriched in mutated cases. CONCLUSIONS TERT promoter mutations independently predict a dismal course of disease in human MPM. The altered genomic aberration pattern indicates that TERT promoter mutations identify a novel, highly aggressive MPM subtype presumably based on a specific malignant transformation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Pirker
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Agnes Bilecz
- 2nd Institute of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Michael Grusch
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Mohr
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Heidenreich
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Viktoria Laszlo
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University Vienna, Austria
- Department of Tumor Biology, National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Paul Stockhammer
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Lötsch-Gojo
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Gojo
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Gabler
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Spiegl-Kreinecker
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuromed Campus, Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Balazs Dome
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University Vienna, Austria
- Department of Tumor Biology, National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ariane Steindl
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Klikovits
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University Vienna, Austria
| | - Mir Alireza Hoda
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University Vienna, Austria
| | - Marko Jakopovic
- Department for Respiratory Diseases Jordanovac, University Hospital Center, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Miroslav Samarzija
- Department for Respiratory Diseases Jordanovac, University Hospital Center, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Katja Mohorcic
- University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Golnik, Slovenia
| | - Izidor Kern
- University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Golnik, Slovenia
| | - Barbara Kiesel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Luka Brcic
- Medical University of Graz, Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Leonhard Müllauer
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Klepetko
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang M Schmidt
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Neuromuscular Research Department, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Balazs Hegedus
- 2nd Institute of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University Vienna, Austria
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruhrlandklinik, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Hjerpe A, Abd Own S, Dobra K. Integrative approach to cytologic and molecular diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2020; 9:934-943. [PMID: 32676359 PMCID: PMC7354145 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-2019-pps-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The global incidence of malignant mesothelioma (MM) causes considerable disease burden, suffering and health care costs. Beside preventive measures and ban the use of asbestos, early diagnosis would largely improve the chance of curative treatment. Current histologic criteria, however, requiring presence of invasion in the surrounding fatty tissue fail to identify MM in sufficiently early stage. Unilateral accumulation of pleural effusion is one of the earliest clinical manifestations of MM that occurs in approximately 90% of the patients. Therapeutic thoracocenthesis is necessary to remove the fluid and to relieve patients’ symptoms. This effusion is easily accessible and offers early and minimally invasive diagnosis by combining cytology with immunologic, molecular- and biomarker analyses. Typically, the fluid is rich in malignant cells and cell groups, but incipient stages of the disease may be difficult to recognize as the malignant cells can be masked by presence of inflammatory or reactive mesothelial cells. Recurrent, hemorrhagic and cell rich effusion should always be suspicious for MM and adequately prepared and analyzed to provide necessary information for subsequent therapy. Importantly, early detection of MM by integrating cytology and molecular approaches has high sensitivity and positive predictive value and has a major impact on patient survival. Thus, a conclusive positive MM cytology should lead to treatment without delay. This review summarizes molecular and diagnostic criteria of MM diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Hjerpe
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sulaf Abd Own
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katalin Dobra
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Kettunen E, Savukoski S, Salmenkivi K, Böhling T, Vanhala E, Kuosma E, Anttila S, Wolff H. CDKN2A copy number and p16 expression in malignant pleural mesothelioma in relation to asbestos exposure. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:507. [PMID: 31138176 PMCID: PMC6537412 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5652-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Deletion of the CDKN2A locus is centrally involved in the development of several malignancies. In malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), it is one of the most frequently reported genomic alteration. MPM is strongly associated with a patients’ asbestos exposure. However, the status of CDKN2A and the expression of the corresponding protein, p16, in relation to MPM patient’s asbestos exposure is poorly known. Copy number alterations in 2p16, 9q33.1 and 19p13 have earlier been shown to accumulate in lung cancer in relation to asbestos exposure but their status in MPM is unclear. Methods We studied DNA copy numbers for CDKN2A using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and p16 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 92 MPM patients, 75 of which with known asbestos exposure status. We also studied, in MPM, copy number alterations in 2p16, 9q33.1 and 19p13 by FISH. Results We were unable to detect an association between p16 expression and pulmonary asbestos fiber count in MPM tumor cells. However, significantly more MPM patients with high pulmonary asbestos fiber count (> 1 million fibers per gram [f/g]) had stromal p16 immunoreactivity than MPM of patients with low exposure (≤ 0.5 million f/g) (51.4% vs 16.7%; p = 0.035, Chi-Square). We found that an abnormal copy number of CDKN2A in MPM tumor cells associated with a high pulmonary asbestos fiber count (p = 0.044, Fisher’s Exact test, two-tailed). In contrast to our earlier findings in asbestos associated lung cancer, DNA copy number changes in 2p16, 9q33 and 19p13 were not frequent in MPM although single cases with variable copy numbers on those regions were seen. Conclusions We found two instances where the gene locus CDKN2A or its corresponding protein expression, is associated with high asbestos exposure levels. This suggests that there may be biological differences between the mesotheliomas with high pulmonary asbestos fiber count and those with low fiber count. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5652-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eeva Kettunen
- Research and Service Centre for Occupational Safety, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 40, FI-00032 Työterveyslaitos, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Sauli Savukoski
- Research and Service Centre for Occupational Safety, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 40, FI-00032 Työterveyslaitos, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaisa Salmenkivi
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, and HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tom Böhling
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, and HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esa Vanhala
- Research and Service Centre for Occupational Safety, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 40, FI-00032 Työterveyslaitos, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eeva Kuosma
- Research and Service Centre for Occupational Safety, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 40, FI-00032 Työterveyslaitos, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sisko Anttila
- Research and Service Centre for Occupational Safety, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 40, FI-00032 Työterveyslaitos, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, and HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henrik Wolff
- Research and Service Centre for Occupational Safety, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 40, FI-00032 Työterveyslaitos, Helsinki, Finland
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12
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Mesothelium and Malignant Mesothelioma. J Dev Biol 2019; 7:jdb7020007. [PMID: 30965570 PMCID: PMC6630312 DOI: 10.3390/jdb7020007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mesothelium is an epithelial structure derived from the embryonic mesoderm. It plays an important role in the development of a number of different organs, including the heart, lungs, and intestines. In this publication, we discuss aspects of the development of the mesothelium, where mesothelial structures can be found, and review molecular and cellular characteristics associated with the mesothelium. Furthermore, we discuss the involvement of the mesothelium in a number of disease conditions, in particular in the pathogenesis of mesotheliomas with an emphasis on malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM)—a primary cancer developing in the pleural cavity.
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13
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Hjerpe A, Abd-Own S, Dobra K. Cytopathologic Diagnosis of Epithelioid and Mixed-Type Malignant Mesothelioma: Ten Years of Clinical Experience in Relation to International Guidelines. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2018; 142:893-901. [DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2018-0020-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katalin Dobra
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Sobhani N, Corona SP, Bonazza D, Ianza A, Pivetta T, Roviello G, Cortale M, Guglielmi A, Zanconati F, Generali D. Advances in systemic therapy for malignant mesothelioma: future perspectives. Future Oncol 2017; 13:2083-2101. [PMID: 28984470 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2017-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive form of cancer affecting the mesothelium. This mainly occupational disease is becoming more common in those countries where asbestos has been used for industrial applications. Notwithstanding the progress made in the field, patients do not survive more than 12 months on average with standard treatment. With the advent of next generation sequencing, it is now possible to study the mutational landscape of each tumor with the aim of identifying the genetic aberrations driving tumorigenesis. This review encompasses the latest research in the field, with particular attention to new chemotherapy combinatorial regimens, molecular targets and immunotherapies, providing a comprehensive picture of the current and future treatment options for malignant mesothelioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Sobhani
- Department of Medical, Surgical, & Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza Ospitale 1 34129 Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medical, Surgical, & Health Sciences, Teaching Hospital of Cattinara, University of Trieste, Via Fiume 447, 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Paola Corona
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Moorabbin Campus, 823-865 Centre Rd, Bentleigh East VIC 3165, Australia
| | - Deborah Bonazza
- Department of Medical, Surgical, & Health Sciences, Teaching Hospital of Cattinara, University of Trieste, Via Fiume 447, 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Anna Ianza
- Department of Medical, Surgical, & Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza Ospitale 1 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Tania Pivetta
- Department of Medical, Surgical, & Health Sciences, Teaching Hospital of Cattinara, University of Trieste, Via Fiume 447, 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Cortale
- Department of Medical, Surgical, & Health Sciences, Teaching Hospital of Cattinara, University of Trieste, Via Fiume 447, 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandra Guglielmi
- Department of Medical, Surgical, & Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza Ospitale 1 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Zanconati
- Department of Medical, Surgical, & Health Sciences, Teaching Hospital of Cattinara, University of Trieste, Via Fiume 447, 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Daniele Generali
- Department of Medical, Surgical, & Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza Ospitale 1 34129 Trieste, Italy.,Breast Cancer Unit, ASST Cremona, Viale Concordia 1, 26100, Cremona, Italy
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Serio G, Pezzuto F, Marzullo A, Scattone A, Cavone D, Punzi A, Fortarezza F, Gentile M, Buonadonna AL, Barbareschi M, Vimercati L. Peritoneal Mesothelioma with Residential Asbestos Exposure. Report of a Case with Long Survival (Seventeen Years) Analyzed by Cgh-Array. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1818. [PMID: 28829357 PMCID: PMC5578204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive tumor with limited therapeutic options. We report a case of a malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) epithelioid type, with environmental asbestos exposure, in a 36-year-old man, with a long survival (17 years). The patient received standard treatment which included cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). METHODS AND RESULTS Molecular analysis with comparative genomic hybridization (CGH)-array was performed on paraffin-embedded tumoral samples. Multiple chromosomal imbalances were detected. The gains were prevalent. Losses at 1q21, 2q11.1→q13, 8p23.1, 9p12→p11, 9q21.33→q33.1, 9q12→q21.33, and 17p12→p11.2 are observed. Chromosome band 3p21 (BAP1), 9p21 (CDKN2A) and 22q12 (NF2) are not affected. Conclusions: the defects observed in this case are uncommon in malignant peritoneal mesothelioma. Some chromosomal aberrations that appear to be random here, might actually be relevant events explaining the response to therapy, the long survival and, finally, may be considered useful prognostic factors in peritoneal malignant mesothelioma (PMM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Serio
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Division of Pathology, Medical School, University of Bari, 11 G. Cesare Square, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Federica Pezzuto
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Division of Pathology, Medical School, University of Bari, 11 G. Cesare Square, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Andrea Marzullo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Division of Pathology, Medical School, University of Bari, 11 G. Cesare Square, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Anna Scattone
- Division of Pathology, IRCCS, National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Domenica Cavone
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Occupational Health Division, Medical School, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Punzi
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Division of Pathology, Medical School, University of Bari, 11 G. Cesare Square, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Francesco Fortarezza
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Division of Pathology, Medical School, University of Bari, 11 G. Cesare Square, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Mattia Gentile
- Division of Medical Genetics "Di Venere Hospital", 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | | | | | - Luigi Vimercati
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Occupational Health Division, Medical School, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.
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High-density array-CGH with targeted NGS unmask multiple noncontiguous minute deletions on chromosome 3p21 in mesothelioma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:13432-13437. [PMID: 27834213 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1612074113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We used a custom-made comparative genomic hybridization array (aCGH; average probe interval 254 bp) to screen 33 malignant mesothelioma (MM) biopsies for somatic copy number loss throughout the 3p21 region (10.7 Mb) that harbors 251 genes, including BRCA1 (breast cancer 1)-associated protein 1 (BAP1), the most commonly mutated gene in MM. We identified frequent minute biallelic deletions (<3 kb) in 46 of 251 genes: four were cancer-associated genes: SETD2 (SET domain-containing protein 2) (7 of 33), BAP1 (8 of 33), PBRM1 (polybromo 1) (3 of 33), and SMARCC1 (switch/sucrose nonfermentable- SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily c, member 1) (2 of 33). These four genes were further investigated by targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS), which revealed sequence-level mutations causing biallelic inactivation. Combined high-density aCGH and tNGS revealed biallelic gene inactivation in SETD2 (9 of 33, 27%), BAP1 (16 of 33, 48%), PBRM1 (5 of 33, 15%), and SMARCC1 (2 of 33, 6%). The incidence of genetic alterations detected is much higher than reported in the literature because minute deletions are not detected by NGS or commercial aCGH. Many of these minute deletions were not contiguous, but rather alternated with segments showing oscillating copy number changes along the 3p21 region. In summary, we found that in MM: (i) multiple minute simultaneous biallelic deletions are frequent in chromosome 3p21, where they occur as distinct events involving multiple genes; (ii) in addition to BAP1, mutations of SETD2, PBRM1, and SMARCC1 are frequent in MM; and (iii) our results suggest that high-density aCGH combined with tNGS provides a more precise estimate of the frequency and types of genes inactivated in human cancer than approaches based exclusively on NGS strategy.
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Wu L, Allo G, John T, Li M, Tagawa T, Opitz I, Anraku M, Yun Z, Pintilie M, Pitcher B, Liu G, Feld R, Johnston MR, de Perrot M, Tsao MS. Patient-Derived Xenograft Establishment from Human Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:1060-1067. [PMID: 27683181 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-0844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare but aggressive disease with few therapeutic options. The tumor-stromal interface is important in MPM, but this is lost in cell lines, the main model used for preclinical studies. We sought to characterize MPM patient-derived xenografts (PDX) to determine their suitability as preclinical models and whether tumors that engraft reflect a more aggressive biological phenotype.Experimental Design: Fresh tumors were harvested from extrapleural pneumonectomy, decortication, or biopsy samples of 50 MPM patients and implanted subcutaneously into immunodeficient mice and serially passaged for up to five generations. We correlated selected mesothelioma biomarkers between PDX and patient tumors, and PDX establishment with the clinical pathologic features of the patients, including their survival. DNA of nine PDXs was profiled using the OncoScan FFPE Express platform. Ten PDXs were treated with cisplatin and pemetrexed.Results: A PDX was formed in 20 of 50 (40%) tumors implanted. Histologically, PDX models closely resembled the parent tumor. PDX models formed despite preoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In multivariable analysis, patients whose tumors formed a PDX had significantly poorer survival when the model was adjusted for preoperative treatment (HR, 2.46; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-5.52; P = 0.028). Among 10 models treated with cisplatin, seven demonstrated growth inhibition. Genomic abnormalities seen in nine PDX models were similar to that previously reported.Conclusions: Patients whose tumors form PDX models have poorer clinical outcomes. MPM PDX tumors closely resemble the genotype and phenotype of parent tumors, making them valuable models for preclinical studies. Clin Cancer Res; 23(4); 1060-7. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licun Wu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ghassan Allo
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas John
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia.,LaTrobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ming Li
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tetsuzo Tagawa
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Isabelle Opitz
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Masaki Anraku
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhihong Yun
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melania Pintilie
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bethany Pitcher
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ron Feld
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael R Johnston
- Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Marc de Perrot
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ming-Sound Tsao
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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18
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Chirac P, Maillet D, Leprêtre F, Isaac S, Glehen O, Figeac M, Villeneuve L, Péron J, Gibson F, Galateau-Sallé F, Gilly FN, Brevet M. Genomic copy number alterations in 33 malignant peritoneal mesothelioma analyzed by comparative genomic hybridization array. Hum Pathol 2016; 55:72-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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de Reyniès A, Jaurand MC, Renier A, Couchy G, Hysi I, Elarouci N, Galateau-Sallé F, Copin MC, Hofman P, Cazes A, Andujar P, Imbeaud S, Petel F, Pairon JC, Le Pimpec-Barthes F, Zucman-Rossi J, Jean D. Molecular classification of malignant pleural mesothelioma: identification of a poor prognosis subgroup linked to the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:1323-34. [PMID: 24443521 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-2429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite research efforts to develop more effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) prognosis remains poor. The assessment of tumor response to therapy can be improved by a deeper phenotypical classification of the tumor, with emphasis on its clinico-biological heterogeneity. The identification of molecular profiles is a powerful approach to better define MPM subclasses and targeted therapies. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Molecular subclasses were defined by transcriptomic microarray on 38 primary MPM cultures. A three-gene predictor, identified by quantitative reverse transcription PCR, was used to classify an independent series of 108 frozen tumor samples. Gene mutations were determined in BAP1, CDKN2A, CDKN2B, NF2, and TP53. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers were studied at the mRNA and protein levels. RESULTS Unsupervised hierarchical clustering on transcriptomic data defined two robust MPM subgroups (C1 and C2), closely related to prognosis and partly to histologic subtypes. All sarcomatoid/desmoplastic MPM were included in the C2 subgroup. Epithelioid MPM were found in both subgroups, with a worse survival prognosis in the C2 subgroup. This classification and its association with histologic subtypes and survival were validated in our independent series using the three-gene predictor. Similar subgroups were found after classification of other MPM series from transcriptomic public datasets. C1 subgroup exhibited more frequent BAP1 alterations. Pathway analysis revealed that EMT was differentially regulated between MPM subgroups. C2 subgroup is characterized by a mesenchymal phenotype. CONCLUSIONS A robust classification of MPM that defines two subgroups of epithelioid MPM, characterized by different molecular profiles, gene alterations, and survival outcomes, was established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien de Reyniès
- Authors' Affiliations: Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, Programme Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs (CIT); INSERM, UMR-1162, Génomique fonctionnel des tumeurs solides, IUH; Université Paris Descartes; Université Paris Diderot; Université Paris 13; Labex Immuno-Oncology; Sorbonne Paris Cité; AP-HP, GHU Ouest, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique; AP-HP, GHU Ouest, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Paris; CHRU Lille, Service de Chirurgie Cardiaque; CHRU Lille, Université de Lille II, Institut de Pathologie, Centre de Biologie-Pathologie, 59037 Lille; CHU Caen, Service d'Anatomo-Pathologie; INSERM, U1086, Caen; CHU Nice, Laboratoire de Pathologie Clinique et Expérimentale (LPCE) et Biobanque Humaine, Hôpital Pasteur, Nice; Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Service de Pneumologie et de Pathologie Professionnelle; and INSERM, U955, Equipe 4, Créteil, France
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Integrated high-resolution array CGH and SKY analysis of homozygous deletions and other genomic alterations present in malignant mesothelioma cell lines. Cancer Genet 2013; 206:191-205. [PMID: 23830731 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2013.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution oligonucleotide array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and spectral karyotyping (SKY) were applied to a panel of malignant mesothelioma (MMt) cell lines. SKY has not been applied to MMt before, and complete karyotypes are reported based on the integration of SKY and aCGH results. A whole genome search for homozygous deletions (HDs) produced the largest set of recurrent and non-recurrent HDs for MMt (52 recurrent HDs in 10 genomic regions; 36 non-recurrent HDs). For the first time, LINGO2, RBFOX1/A2BP1, RPL29, DUSP7, and CCSER1/FAM190A were found to be homozygously deleted in MMt, and some of these genes could be new tumor suppressor genes for MMt. Integration of SKY and aCGH data allowed reconstruction of chromosomal rearrangements that led to the formation of HDs. Our data imply that only with acquisition of structural and/or numerical karyotypic instability can MMt cells attain a complete loss of tumor suppressor genes located in 9p21.3, which is the most frequently homozygously deleted region. Tetraploidization is a late event in the karyotypic progression of MMt cells, after HDs in the 9p21.3 region have already been acquired.
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Relan V, Morrison L, Parsonson K, Clarke BE, Duhig EE, Windsor MN, Matar KS, Naidoo R, Passmore L, McCaul E, Courtney D, Yang IA, Fong KM, Bowman RV. Phenotypes and karyotypes of human malignant mesothelioma cell lines. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58132. [PMID: 23516439 PMCID: PMC3597627 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Malignant mesothelioma is an aggressive tumour of serosal surfaces most commonly pleura. Characterised cell lines represent a valuable tool to study the biology of mesothelioma. The aim of this study was to develop and biologically characterise six malignant mesothelioma cell lines to evaluate their potential as models of human malignant mesothelioma. Methods Five lines were initiated from pleural biopsies, and one from pleural effusion of patients with histologically proven malignant mesothelioma. Mesothelial origin was assessed by standard morphology, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and immunocytochemistry. Growth characteristics were assayed using population doubling times. Spectral karyotyping was performed to assess chromosomal abnormalities. Authentication of donor specific derivation was undertaken by DNA fingerprinting using a panel of SNPs. Results Most of cell lines exhibited spindle cell shape, with some retaining stellate shapes. At passage 2 to 6 all lines stained positively for calretinin and cytokeratin 19, and demonstrated capacity for anchorage-independent growth. At passage 4 to 16, doubling times ranged from 30–72 hours, and on spectral karyotyping all lines exhibited numerical chromosomal abnormalities ranging from 41 to 113. Monosomy of chromosomes 8, 14, 22 or 17 was observed in three lines. One line displayed four different karyotypes at passage 8, but only one karyotype at passage 42, and another displayed polyploidy at passage 40 which was not present at early passages. At passages 5–17, TEM showed characteristic features of mesothelioma ultrastructure in all lines including microvilli and tight intercellular junctions. Conclusion These six cell lines exhibit varying cell morphology, a range of doubling times, and show diverse passage-dependent structural chromosomal changes observed in malignant tumours. However they retain characteristic immunocytochemical protein expression profiles of mesothelioma during maintenance in artificial culture systems. These characteristics support their potential as in vitro model systems for studying cellular, molecular and genetic aspects of mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Relan
- UQ Thoracic Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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Accumulation of genomic alterations in 2p16, 9q33.1 and 19p13 in lung tumours of asbestos-exposed patients. Mol Oncol 2012; 7:29-40. [PMID: 22901466 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2012.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated an association between genomic alterations in 19p13, 2p16, and 9q33.1 and asbestos exposure in patients' lung tumours. This study detected allelic imbalance (AI) in these regions in asbestos-exposed lung cancer (LC) patients' histologically normal pulmonary epithelium. We extended the analyses of tumour tissue to cover a large LC patient cohort and studied DNA copy number alteration (CNA) and AI in 19p13, 2p16, and 9q33.1 for the first time in combination. We found both CNA and AI in ≥2/3 of the regions to be significantly and dose-dependently (P < 0.001) associated with pulmonary asbestos fibre count. Twenty percent of the exposed patients' LC showed CNA in ≥2/3 of the regions, whereas none of the non-exposed patients' LC showed CNA in more than one region. AI was evident in 89% of the exposed and in only 26% of the non-exposed patients' LC. The genomic alterations in 19p13, 2p16, and 9q33.1 in compilation identified asbestos-exposed patients' lung tumours better than each of the regions alone. These alterations form the basis for the development of a combinatorial molecular assay that could be used to identify asbestos-related LC.
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Jean D, Daubriac J, Le Pimpec-Barthes F, Galateau-Salle F, Jaurand MC. Molecular changes in mesothelioma with an impact on prognosis and treatment. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2012; 136:277-93. [PMID: 22372904 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2011-0215-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT In recent decades, research on malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) has been developed to improve patients' outcomes by increasing the level of confidence in MPM diagnosis and prognosis. OBJECTIVE To summarize data on genetic and epigenetic abnormalities in MPM that may be of interest for a better management of patients with MPM. DATA SOURCES Data were obtained from scientific publications on genetic and epigenetic abnormalities in MPM by studying gene mutations, DNA methylation, and gene and microRNA expression profiling. CONCLUSIONS Molecular changes in MPM consist in altered expression and in activation or inactivation of critical genes in oncogenesis, especially tumor suppressor genes at the INK4 and NF2 loci. Activation of membrane receptor tyrosine kinases and deregulation of signaling pathways related to differentiation, survival, proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle control, metabolism, migration, and invasion have been demonstrated. Alterations that could be targeted at a global level (methylation) have been recently reported. Experimental research has succeeded especially in abolishing proliferation and triggering apoptosis in MPM cells. So far, targeted clinical approaches focusing on receptor tyrosine kinases have had limited success. Molecular analyses of series of MPM cases have shown that defined alterations are present in MPM subsets, consistent with interindividual variations of molecular alterations, and suggesting that identification of patient subgroups will be essential to develop more specific therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Jean
- INSERM, U, Université Paris Descartes, UMR-S, Paris, France
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25
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Proteomic study of malignant pleural mesothelioma by laser microdissection and two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis identified cathepsin D as a novel candidate for a differential diagnosis biomarker. J Proteomics 2012; 75:833-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2011.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Revised: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
Thyroid hormones (TH) regulate key cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in virtually all human cells. Disturbances in TH pathway and the resulting deregulation of these processes have been linked with neoplasia. The concentrations of TH in peripheral tissues are regulated via the activity of iodothyronine deiodinases. There are 3 types of these enzymes: type 1 and type 2 deiodinases are involved in TH activation while type 3 deiodinase inactivates TH. Expression and activity of iodothyronine deiodinases are disturbed in different types of neoplasia. According to the limited number of studies in cancer cell lines and mouse models changes in intratumoral and extratumoral T3 concentrations may influence proliferation rate and metastatic progression. Recent findings showing that increased expression of type 3 deiodinases may lead to enhanced tumoral proliferation support the idea that deiodinating enzymes have the potential to influence cancer progression. This review summarizes the observations of impaired expression and activity in different cancer types, published to date, and the mechanisms behind these alterations, including impaired regulation via TH receptors, transforming growth factor-β, and Sonic-hedgehog pathway. Possible roles of deiodinases as cancer markers and potential modulators of tumor progression are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Piekiełko-Witkowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland.
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Syntenic relationships between genomic profiles of fiber-induced murine and human malignant mesothelioma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011; 178:881-94. [PMID: 21281820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2010.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2010] [Revised: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis mainly linked to past asbestos exposure. Murine models of MM based on fiber exposure have been developed to elucidate the mechanism of mesothelioma formation. Genomic alterations in murine MM have now been partially characterized. To gain insight into the pathophysiology of mesothelioma, 16 murine and 35 human mesotheliomas were characterized by array-comparative genomic hybridization and were screened for common genomic alterations. Alteration of the 9p21 human region, often by biallelic deletion, was the most frequent alteration in both species, in agreement with the CDKN2A/CDKN2B locus deletion in human disease and murine models. Other shared aberrations were losses of 1p36.3-p35 and 13q14-q33 and gains of 5p15.3-p13 regions. However, some differences were noted, such as absence of recurrent alterations in mouse regions corresponding to human chromosome 22. Comparison between altered recurrent regions in asbestos-exposed and non-asbestos-exposed patients showed a significant difference in the 14q11.2-q21 region, which was also lost in fiber-induced murine mesothelioma. A correlation was also demonstrated between genomic instability and tumorigenicity of human mesothelioma xenografts in nude mice. Overall, these data show similarities between murine and human disease, and contribute to the understanding of the influence of fibers in the pathogenesis of mesothelioma and validation of the murine model for preclinical testing.
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Lai MT, Hua CH, Tsai MH, Wan L, Lin YJ, Chen CM, Chiu IW, Chan C, Tsai FJ, Jinn-Chyuan Sheu J. Talin-1 overexpression defines high risk for aggressive oral squamous cell carcinoma and promotes cancer metastasis. J Pathol 2011; 224:367-76. [PMID: 21547905 DOI: 10.1002/path.2867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Revised: 01/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is highly invasive and is associated with frequent tumour recurrences and lymph node metastases. Identification of genes involved in the aggressiveness of OSCC may provide new targets for clinical intervention. A genome-wide study based on the Sty1 250K SNP array indicated the involvement of the Talin-1 (TLN1) gene in the 9p13.3 amplicon, which was further validated by dual colour fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Comparative analyses revealed that TLN1 was the most highly expressed integrin-cytoskeleton cross-linker that can trigger integrin activation. IHC analyses and mouse study also revealed an association between TLN1 overexpression and advanced OSCC with invasion to adjacent tissues. Survival analyses indicated a significant association between TLN1 genetic gain/overexpression and a reduced overall survival in patients. Functional knockdown by a dominant negative TLN1 fragment reduced cell growth and invasiveness in TLN1-overexpressing cells via inactivation of downstream oncogenic signalling. The present study suggests an important role for TLN1 in oral cancer development. TLN1 overexpression could serve as a diagnostic marker for aggressive phenotypes and a potential target for treating OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Tsung Lai
- Department of Pathology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Monaco SE, Shuai Y, Bansal M, Krasinskas AM, Dacic S. The diagnostic utility of p16 FISH and GLUT-1 immunohistochemical analysis in mesothelial proliferations. Am J Clin Pathol 2011; 135:619-27. [PMID: 21411785 DOI: 10.1309/ajcpp5r2zjzkclwn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Two promising ancillary tests used in the diagnosis of mesothelioma include GLUT-1 immunohistochemical analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing for the p16 deletion. This study compared the diagnostic usefulness of p16 FISH and GLUT-1 immunohistochemical analysis in the diagnosis of mesothelial proliferations in 158 cases with a diagnosis of benign (45.4%), atypical (10.4%), or malignant/mesothelioma (44.2%). Of the 70 benign cases, none had a deletion of p16 and 5 cases (7%) were positive for GLUT-1. Of the 68 mesotheliomas, 40 (59%) had a deletion of p16 (sensitivity, 59%; specificity, 100%) and 27 (40%) were positive for GLUT-1 (sensitivity, 40%; specificity, 93%). GLUT-1 showed lower sensitivity in pleural (56% vs 70%) and peritoneal (29% vs 51%) mesotheliomas (P = .004). Our results demonstrate that p16 FISH is a more sensitive and specific test than GLUT-1 immunohistochemical analysis and can be a more reliable ancillary tool to support the diagnosis of mesothelioma.
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Huang SXL, Jaurand MC, Kamp DW, Whysner J, Hei TK. Role of mutagenicity in asbestos fiber-induced carcinogenicity and other diseases. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2011; 14:179-245. [PMID: 21534089 PMCID: PMC3118525 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2011.556051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The cellular and molecular mechanisms of how asbestos fibers induce cancers and other diseases are not well understood. Both serpentine and amphibole asbestos fibers have been shown to induce oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, cellular toxicity and tissue injuries, genetic changes, and epigenetic alterations in target cells in vitro and tissues in vivo. Most of these mechanisms are believe to be shared by both fiber-induced cancers and noncancerous diseases. This article summarizes the findings from existing literature with a focus on genetic changes, specifically, mutagenicity of asbestos fibers. Thus far, experimental evidence suggesting the involvement of mutagenesis in asbestos carcinogenicity is more convincing than asbestos-induced fibrotic diseases. The potential contributions of mutagenicity to asbestos-induced diseases, with an emphasis on carcinogenicity, are reviewed from five aspects: (1) whether there is a mutagenic mode of action (MOA) in fiber-induced carcinogenesis; (2) mutagenicity/carcinogenicity at low dose; (3) biological activities that contribute to mutagenicity and impact of target tissue/cell type; (4) health endpoints with or without mutagenicity as a key event; and finally, (5) determinant factors of toxicity in mutagenicity. At the end of this review, a consensus statement of what is known, what is believed to be factual but requires confirmation, and existing data gaps, as well as future research needs and directions, is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah X. L. Huang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marie-Claude Jaurand
- INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale), Paris, France
| | - David W. Kamp
- Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - John Whysner
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tom K. Hei
- Address correspondence to Tom K. Hei, Center for Radiological Research, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University. 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA. E-mail:
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Li C, Xin W, Sy MS. Binding of pro-prion to filamin A: by design or an unfortunate blunder. Oncogene 2010; 29:5329-45. [PMID: 20697352 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decades, cancer research has focused on tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes. Genes in other cellular pathways has received less attention. Between 0.5% to 1% of the mammalian genome encodes for proteins that are tethered on the cell membrane via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor. The GPI modification pathway is complex and not completely understood. Prion (PrP), a GPI-anchored protein, is infamous for being the only normal protein that when misfolded can cause and transmit a deadly disease. Though widely expressed and highly conserved, little is known about the functions of PrP. Pancreatic cancer and melanoma cell lines express PrP. However, in these cell lines the PrP exists as a pro-PrP as defined by retaining its GPI anchor peptide signal sequence (GPI-PSS). Unexpectedly, the GPI-PSS of PrP has a filamin A (FLNA) binding motif and binds FLNA. FLNA is a cytolinker protein, and an integrator of cell mechanics and signaling. Binding of pro-PrP to FLNA disrupts the normal FLNA functions. Although normal pancreatic ductal cells lack PrP, about 40% of patients with pancreatic ductal cell adenocarcinoma express PrP in their cancers. These patients have significantly shorter survival time compared with patients whose cancers lack PrP. Pro-PrP is also detected in melanoma in situ but is undetectable in normal melanocyte, and invasive melanoma expresses more pro-PrP. In this review, we will discuss the underlying mechanisms by which binding of pro-PrP to FLNA disrupts normal cellular physiology and contributes to tumorigenesis, and the potential mechanisms that cause the accumulation of pro-PrP in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-7288, USA
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Christensen BC, Houseman EA, Poage GM, Godleski JJ, Bueno R, Sugarbaker DJ, Wiencke JK, Nelson HH, Marsit CJ, Kelsey KT. Integrated profiling reveals a global correlation between epigenetic and genetic alterations in mesothelioma. Cancer Res 2010; 70:5686-94. [PMID: 20587528 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Development of mesothelioma is linked mainly to asbestos exposure, but the combined contributions of genetic and epigenetic alterations are unclear. We investigated the potential relationships between gene copy number (CN) alterations and DNA methylation profiles in a case series of pleural mesotheliomas (n = 23). There were no instances of significantly correlated CN alteration and methylation at probed loci, whereas averaging loci over their associated genes revealed only two genes with significantly correlated CN and methylation alterations. In contrast to the lack of discrete correlations, the overall extent of tumor CN alteration was significantly associated with DNA methylation profile when comparing CN alteration extent among methylation profile classes. Further, there was evidence that this association was partially attributable to prevalent allele loss at the DNA methyltransferase gene DNMT1. Our findings define a strong association between global genetic and global epigenetic dysregulation in mesothelioma, rather than a discrete, local coordination of gene inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brock C Christensen
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Community Health, Center for Environmental Health and Technology, and Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, USA
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Bueno R, De Rienzo A, Dong L, Gordon GJ, Hercus CF, Richards WG, Jensen RV, Anwar A, Maulik G, Chirieac LR, Ho KF, Taillon BE, Turcotte CL, Hercus RG, Gullans SR, Sugarbaker DJ. Second generation sequencing of the mesothelioma tumor genome. PLoS One 2010; 5:e10612. [PMID: 20485525 PMCID: PMC2869344 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2009] [Accepted: 04/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The current paradigm for elucidating the molecular etiology of cancers relies on the interrogation of small numbers of genes, which limits the scope of investigation. Emerging second-generation massively parallel DNA sequencing technologies have enabled more precise definition of the cancer genome on a global scale. We examined the genome of a human primary malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) tumor and matched normal tissue by using a combination of sequencing-by-synthesis and pyrosequencing methodologies to a 9.6X depth of coverage. Read density analysis uncovered significant aneuploidy and numerous rearrangements. Method-dependent informatics rules, which combined the results of different sequencing platforms, were developed to identify and validate candidate mutations of multiple types. Many more tumor-specific rearrangements than point mutations were uncovered at this depth of sequencing, resulting in novel, large-scale, inter- and intra-chromosomal deletions, inversions, and translocations. Nearly all candidate point mutations appeared to be previously unknown SNPs. Thirty tumor-specific fusions/translocations were independently validated with PCR and Sanger sequencing. Of these, 15 represented disrupted gene-encoding regions, including kinases, transcription factors, and growth factors. One large deletion in DPP10 resulted in altered transcription and expression of DPP10 transcripts in a set of 53 additional MPM tumors correlated with survival. Additionally, three point mutations were observed in the coding regions of NKX6-2, a transcription regulator, and NFRKB, a DNA-binding protein involved in modulating NFKB1. Several regions containing genes such as PCBD2 and DHFR, which are involved in growth factor signaling and nucleotide synthesis, respectively, were selectively amplified in the tumor. Second-generation sequencing uncovered all types of mutations in this MPM tumor, with DNA rearrangements representing the dominant type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Bueno
- The International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Assunta De Rienzo
- The International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lingsheng Dong
- The International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Gavin J. Gordon
- The International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | - William G. Richards
- The International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Roderick V. Jensen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | | | - Gautam Maulik
- The International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lucian R. Chirieac
- The International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | - Bruce E. Taillon
- 454 Life Sciences, Inc., Branford, Connecticut, United States of America
| | | | | | - Steven R. Gullans
- Excel Medical Ventures, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David J. Sugarbaker
- The International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Flores-Staino C, Darai-Ramqvist E, Dobra K, Hjerpe A. Adaptation of a commercial fluorescent in situ hybridization test to the diagnosis of malignant cells in effusions. Lung Cancer 2010; 68:39-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2009.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2008] [Revised: 05/11/2009] [Accepted: 05/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Guled M, Lahti L, Lindholm PM, Salmenkivi K, Bagwan I, Nicholson AG, Knuutila S. CDKN2A, NF2, and JUN are dysregulated among other genes by miRNAs in malignant mesothelioma -A miRNA microarray analysis. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2009; 48:615-23. [PMID: 19396864 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.20669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive cancer arising from mesothelial cells, mainly due to former asbestos exposure. Little is known about the microRNA (miRNA) expression of MM. miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs, which play an essential role in the regulation of gene expression. This study was carried out to analyze the miRNA expression profile of 17 MM samples using miRNA microarray. The analysis distinguished the overall miRNA expression profiles of tumor tissue and normal mesothelium. Differentially expressed miRNAs were found in tumor samples compared with normal sample. Twelve of them, let-7b*, miR-1228*, miR-195*, miR-30b*, miR-32*, miR-345, miR-483-3p, miR-584, miR-595, miR-615-3p, and miR-885-3p, were highly expressed whereas the remaining nine, let-7e*, miR-144*, miR-203, miR-340*, miR-34a*, miR-423, miR-582, miR-7-1*, and miR-9, were unexpressed or had severely reduced expression levels. Target genes for these miRNAs include the most frequently affected genes in MM such as CDKN2A, NF2, JUN, HGF, and PDGFA. Many of the miRNAs were located in chromosomal areas known to be deleted or gained in MM such as 8q24, 1p36, and 14q32. Furthermore, we could identify specific miRNAs for each histopathological subtype of MM. Regarding risk factors such as smoking status and asbestos exposure, significantly differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in smokers versus nonsmokers (miR-379, miR-301a, miR-299-3p, miR-455-3p, and miR-127-3p), but not in asbestos-exposed patients versus nonexposed ones. This could be related to the method of assessment of asbestos exposure as asbestos remains to be the main contributor to the development of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Guled
- Department of Pathology, Haartman Institute and HUSLAB, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Røe OD, Anderssen E, Helge E, Pettersen CH, Olsen KS, Sandeck H, Haaverstad R, Lundgren S, Larsson E. Genome-wide profile of pleural mesothelioma versus parietal and visceral pleura: the emerging gene portrait of the mesothelioma phenotype. PLoS One 2009; 4:e6554. [PMID: 19662092 PMCID: PMC2717215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2009] [Accepted: 07/01/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant pleural mesothelioma is considered an almost incurable tumour with increasing incidence worldwide. It usually develops in the parietal pleura, from mesothelial lining or submesothelial cells, subsequently invading the visceral pleura. Chromosomal and genomic aberrations of mesothelioma are diverse and heterogenous. Genome-wide profiling of mesothelioma versus parietal and visceral normal pleural tissue could thus reveal novel genes and pathways explaining its aggressive phenotype. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Well-characterised tissue from five mesothelioma patients and normal parietal and visceral pleural samples from six non-cancer patients were profiled by Affymetrix oligoarray of 38 500 genes. The lists of differentially expressed genes tested for overrepresentation in KEGG PATHWAYS (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) and GO (gene ontology) terms revealed large differences of expression between visceral and parietal pleura, and both tissues differed from mesothelioma. Cell growth and intrinsic resistance in tumour versus parietal pleura was reflected in highly overexpressed cell cycle, mitosis, replication, DNA repair and anti-apoptosis genes. Several genes of the "salvage pathway" that recycle nucleobases were overexpressed, among them TYMS, encoding thymidylate synthase, the main target of the antifolate drug pemetrexed that is active in mesothelioma. Circadian rhythm genes were expressed in favour of tumour growth. The local invasive, non-metastatic phenotype of mesothelioma, could partly be due to overexpression of the known metastasis suppressors NME1 and NME2. Down-regulation of several tumour suppressor genes could contribute to mesothelioma progression. Genes involved in cell communication were down-regulated, indicating that mesothelioma may shield itself from the immune system. Similarly, in non-cancer parietal versus visceral pleura signal transduction, soluble transporter and adhesion genes were down-regulated. This could represent a genetical platform of the parietal pleura propensity to develop mesothelioma. CONCLUSIONS Genome-wide microarray approach using complex human tissue samples revealed novel expression patterns, reflecting some important features of mesothelioma biology that should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluf Dimitri Røe
- Department of Oncology, St Olavs Hospital, University Hospital of Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway.
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Serio G, Gentile M, Pennella A, Marzullo A, Buonadonna AL, Nazzaro P, Testini M, Musti M, Scattone A. Characterization of a complex chromosome aberration in two cases of peritoneal mesothelioma arising primarily in the hernial sac. Pathol Int 2009; 59:415-21. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2009.02387.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Nymark P, Kettunen E, Aavikko M, Ruosaari S, Kuosma E, Vanhala E, Salmenkivi K, Pirinen R, Karjalainen A, Knuutila S, Wikman H, Anttila S. Molecular Alterations at 9q33.1 and Polyploidy in Asbestos-Related Lung Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:468-75. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-1852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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39
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Puces à ADN (CGH-array) : application pour le diagnostic de déséquilibres cytogénétiques cryptiques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 56:368-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2008.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2008] [Accepted: 04/16/2008] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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40
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Yamada T, Yano S, Ogino H, Ikuta K, Kakiuchi S, Hanibuchi M, Kanematsu T, Taniguchi T, Sekido Y, Sone S. Lysophosphatidic acid stimulates the proliferation and motility of malignant pleural mesothelioma cells through lysophosphatidic acid receptors, LPA1 and LPA2. Cancer Sci 2008; 99:1603-10. [PMID: 18754873 PMCID: PMC11158356 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2008.00848.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is one of the simplest natural phospholipids. This phospholipid is recognized as an extracellular potent lipid mediator with diverse effects on various cells. Although LPA is shown to stimulate proliferation and motility via LPA receptors, LPA(1) and LPA(2), in several cancer cell lines, the role of LPA and LPA receptors for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) has been unknown. MPM is an aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis and the incidence is increasing and is expected to increase further for another 10-20 years worldwide. Therefore, the development of novel effective therapies is needed urgently. In this study, we investigated the effect of LPA on the proliferation and motility of MPM cells. We found that all 12 cell lines and four clinical samples of MPM expressed LPA(1), and some of them expressed LPA(2), LPA(3), LPA(4) and LPA(5). LPA stimulated the proliferation and motility of MPM cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, LPA-induced proliferation was inhibited by Ki16425, an inhibitor of LPA(1), and small interfering RNA against LPA(1), but not LPA(2). Interestingly, LPA-induced motility was inhibited by small interfering RNA against LPA(2), but not LPA(1), unlike a number of previous reports. These results indicate that LPA is a critical factor on proliferation though LPA(1), and on motility though LPA(2) in MPM cells. Therefore, LPA and LPA receptors, LPA(2) as well as LPA(1), represent potential therapeutic targets for patients with MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadaaki Yamada
- Department of Internal Medicine and Molecular Therapeutics, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
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ISHIWATA I, ISHIWATA E, HIRANO T. Establishment of a human malignant fibrous mesothelioma cell line and the biological characteristics compared with malignant epithelial mesothelioma cell line. Hum Cell 2008; 21:79-87. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-0774.2008.00053.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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