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Maternal BMI, breastfeeding and perinatal factors that influence early childhood growth trajectories: a scoping review. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2022; 13:541-549. [PMID: 34986920 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174421000726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Obesity rates among children are rapidly rising internationally and have been linked to noncommunicable diseases in adulthood. Individual preventive strategies have not effectively reduced global obesity rates, leading to a gap in clinical services regarding the development of early perinatal interventions. The objective of this scoping review is to explore the relationship between maternal BMI and breastfeeding behaviors on child growth trajectories to determine their relevance in developing interventions aimed at preventing childhood obesity.The scoping review was guided and informed by the Arksey and O'Malley (2005) framework. A systematic search was performed in four databases. Studies included in the final review were collated and sorted into relevant themes. A systematic search yielded a total of 5831 records (MEDLINE: 1242, EMBASE: 2629, CINAHL: 820, PubMed: 1140). Results without duplicates (n = 4190) were screened based on relevancy of which 197 relevant-full-text articles were retrieved and assessed for eligibility resulting in 14 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Data were extracted and charted for the studies and six themes were identified: (1) healthy behaviors, lifestyle, and social economic status; (2) parental anthropometrics and perinatal weight status; (3) genetics, epigenetics, and fetal programming; (4) early infant feeding; (5) infant growth trajectories; and (6) targeted prevention and interventions. Early life risk factors for child obesity are multifactorial and potentially modifiable. Several at-risk groups were identified who would benefit from early preventative interventions targeting the importance of healthy weight gain, exclusive breastfeeding to 6 months, and healthy lifestyle behaviors.
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Khalil AB, Beshyah SA, Abdella N, Afandi B, Al-Arouj MM, Al-Awadi F, Benbarka M, Ben Nakhi A, Fiad TM, Al Futaisi A, Hassoun AA, Hussein W, Kaddaha G, Ksseiry I, Al Lamki M, Madani AA, Saber FA, Abdel Aal Z, Morcos B, Saadi H. Diabesity in the Arabian Gulf: Challenges and Opportunities. Oman Med J 2018; 33:273-282. [PMID: 30038726 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2018.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aly Bernard Khalil
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College London Diabetes Center, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Salem A Beshyah
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Nabila Abdella
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kuwait City, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Bachar Afandi
- Department of Endocrinology, Tawam Hospital, Al-Ain, UAE
| | | | | | | | | | - Tarek M Fiad
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Abdullah Al Futaisi
- Department of Endocrinology, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | | | - Wiam Hussein
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr. Wiam Clinic for Diabetes and Endocrine Disorders, Riffa, Bahrain
| | - Ghaida Kaddaha
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Suliman Al Habib Hospital, Dubai Medical City, Dubai, UAE
| | - Iyad Ksseiry
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Mediclinic Hospital, Dubai, UAE
| | - Mohamed Al Lamki
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | | | - Feryal A Saber
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Bahrain Defense Force Hospital, Riffa, Bahrain
| | | | - Bassem Morcos
- Medical Affairs, Merck Sharp and Dohme Corp., Dubai, UAE
| | - Hussein Saadi
- Medical Subspecialties Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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Arif HS. Malnutrition trends in preschool children from a primary healthcare center in Baghdad: A comparative two-year study (2006 and 2012). Qatar Med J 2017; 2017:5. [PMID: 28824852 PMCID: PMC5558036 DOI: 10.5339/qmj.2017.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Nutritional disorders still represent a major problem faced by developing countries. Surveying such problems is a step towards planning proper interventions, which contributes significantly to declines in under-five mortality rates. Aims: To study the state of nutritional trends in children under five years of age, attending a primary healthcare center in Al Shoula district, Iraq, in 2006 and 2012. Demographic features and feeding practices that may have had an effect on the nutritional status of children were also studied. Subjects and methods: Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted on children aged two to five years, in a primary healthcare center in Baghdad. Children attending for immunization were included (500 in 2006 and 570 in 2012), their mothers were interviewed, and the body mass index of the child was calculated. Children who were overweight and obese were identified, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention charts, as those suffering from stunting. Nutritional parameters were compared between the two study groups, using the chi-square test, as well as various epidemiological factors that may have affected the outcomes. Results: The prevalence of both types of nutritional disorders (stunting and overweight and obesity) declined remarkably according to the 2012 survey; overweight and obesity declined from 20% to 7.2%, while stunting decreased from 51.2% to 30.9%. The age group showing the highest rate of improvement were the four to five year olds, as well as children from lower-income families. A higher rate of breastfeeding was reported in 2012, and breastfed babies suffered the least from both types of nutritional disorders, in both study groups. Overall, the study findings showed a high prevalence of stunting (30.9%), together with a significant level of overweight and obesity (7.2%). Conclusion: Children in Iraq suffer from high rates of stunting. With a moderately high rate of obesity, there is an urgent need to evaluate local data available and plan for an active intervention to combat these nutritional problems.
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Rahim HFA, Sibai A, Khader Y, Hwalla N, Fadhil I, Alsiyabi H, Mataria A, Mendis S, Mokdad AH, Husseini A. Non-communicable diseases in the Arab world. Lancet 2014; 383:356-67. [PMID: 24452044 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(13)62383-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
According to the results of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010, the burden of non-communicable diseases (cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic lung diseases, and diabetes) in the Arab world has increased, with variations between countries of different income levels. Behavioural risk factors, including tobacco use, unhealthy diets, and physical inactivity are prevalent, and obesity in adults and children has reached an alarming level. Despite epidemiological evidence, the policy response to non-communicable diseases has been weak. So far, Arab governments have not placed a sufficiently high priority on addressing the high prevalence of non-communicable diseases, with variations in policies between countries and overall weak implementation. Cost-effective and evidence-based prevention and treatment interventions have already been identified. The implementation of these interventions, beginning with immediate action on salt reduction and stricter implementation of tobacco control measures, will address the rise in major risk factors. Implementation of an effective response to the non-communicable-disease crisis will need political commitment, multisectoral action, strengthened health systems, and continuous monitoring and assessment of progress. Arab governments should be held accountable for their UN commitments to address the crisis. Engagement in the global monitoring framework for non-communicable diseases should promote accountability for effective action. The human and economic burden leaves no room for inaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan F Abdul Rahim
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Abla Sibai
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Yousef Khader
- Department of Community Medicine, Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nahla Hwalla
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ibtihal Fadhil
- WHO, Regional Office of the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Huda Alsiyabi
- Community-based Initiatives Department, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Awad Mataria
- WHO, Regional Office of the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shanthi Mendis
- Department of Management of Noncommunicable Diseases, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ali H Mokdad
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Abdullatif Husseini
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Institute of Community and Public Health, Birzeit University, Ramallah, West Bank, occupied Palestinian territory
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Badawi NES, Barakat AA, El Sherbini SA, Fawzy HM. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in primary school children in Port Said city. EGYPTIAN PEDIATRIC ASSOCIATION GAZETTE 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.epag.2013.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Nasreddine L, Zeidan MN, Naja F, Hwalla N. Complementary feeding in the MENA region: practices and challenges. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2012; 22:793-798. [PMID: 22809855 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2012.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Suboptimal feeding patterns during the first two years of life are key determinants of malnutrition in children and constitute an important predictor of health in later years. Early-childhood nutritional factors, stunting, and obesity have been highlighted as prominent core underlying factors of Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) development whereas the improvement of complementary feeding practices has been cited as one of the most effective preventive strategies for reducing malnutrition and adult NCDs. In the MENA region NCD prevalence shows very high rates and the limited available studies show that current practices fall behind global recommendations. Common to all countries of this region are practices of mixed breast and bottle-feeding as early as the first month, as well as the premature introduction of complementary foods. Early introduction of non-milk fluids, such as sweetened water and herbal teas, has been described as a common practice in the region and the premature introduction of complementary foods has been reported in as high as 80% of infants in several of the countries. Thus, enhancing infant/young child health can significantly reduce morbidities and mortalities, as well as adult-onset diseases, ultimately decreasing the region's overall burden of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Nasreddine
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Postnatal growth patterns in children are associated with various factors within the birth and infancy periods. The aim of the present study was to examine the correlation between growth patterns and parameters including gestational age (GA), birthweight (BW), sex, and feeding method in the records of 61,631 children aged 6-72 months. METHODS The data were obtained from the 2007 Korean National Growth Charts provided by the Korean Centers for Disease Control. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and multiple linear regression. RESULTS BW and sex were highly correlated with weight and height by 72 months (P < 0.01), with BW being the primary predictor (P < 0.001). Sex was the second predictor of weight and height in children by 66 months (P < 0.01). Feeding method was the predictor of weight in children aged 12-48 months and 60 months (P < 0.05), and was also influential in the height of children by 48 months (P < 0.05). GA was the predictor of weight at 12 months and from 30 to 42 months (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION GA, BW, sex and feeding method were the predictors of weight and height among children at different times. Therefore, the present population-based study strengthens the consideration of these factors for routine monitoring of growth patterns in Korean children.
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Musaiger AO. Overweight and obesity in eastern mediterranean region: prevalence and possible causes. J Obes 2011; 2011:407237. [PMID: 21941635 PMCID: PMC3175401 DOI: 10.1155/2011/407237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2011] [Revised: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this paper was to explore the prevalence of overweight and obesity among various age groups as well as discuss the possible factors that associated with obesity in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). A systematic review of published papers between 1990 and 2011 was carried out. Obesity reached an alarming level in all age groups of the EMR countries. The prevalence of overweight among preschool children(<5 years) ranged from 1.9% to 21.9%, while the prevalence of overweight and obesity among school children ranged from 7% to 45%. Among adults the prevalence of overweight and obesity ranged from 25% to 81.9%. Possible factors determining obesity in this region include: nutrition transition, inactivity, urbanization, marital status, a shorter duration of breastfeeding, frequent snacking, skipping breakfast, a high intake of sugary beverages, an increase in the incidence of eating outside the home, long periods of time spent viewing television, massive marketing promotion of high fat foods, stunting, perceived body image, cultural elements and food subsidize policy. A national plan of action to overcome obesity is urgently needed to reduce the economic and health burden of obesity in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman O. Musaiger
- Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Deanship of Scientific Research, University of Bahrain and Arab Center for Nutrition, P.O. Box 26923, Manama, Bahrain
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Wang Y, Gao E, Wu J, Zhou J, Yang Q, Walker MC, Mbikay M, Sigal RJ, Nair RC, Wen SW. Fetal macrosomia and adolescence obesity: results from a longitudinal cohort study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2009; 33:923-8. [PMID: 19564880 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2009.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association between fetal macrosomia and adolescent obesity. DESIGN Longitudinal cohort study of the association between macrosomia and adolescent obesity. SUBJECTS Between 1 October 2005 and 1 February 2007, a follow-up study of live-born infants born in 1993-1995 in Wuxi, a suburban area of Shanghai, was conducted. Subjects with birth weight > 4000 g were selected as the exposed. For each exposed subject, one subject with a birth weight of 2500-4000 g, matched by year of birth, sex of infant, and type of institute at birth, was chosen as non-exposed. Clinical data were collected by structured interview and physical examination. Obesity was defined as body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m(2))) higher than the sex-age-specific criteria by the working group on obesity in China. Distribution of baseline characteristics and adolescent obesity rate between the exposed and non-exposed groups was compared. RESULTS A total of 1435 pairs of exposed and non-exposed subjects were included in the final analysis. No major difference in baseline characteristics (other than birth weight) was found between the exposed and non-exposed groups. Obesity rate was significantly higher in the exposed group (2.9%) than in the non-exposed group (1.6%). Adolescent obesity rates were 1.4, 1.9, 2.6, and 5.6%, respectively, in study subjects with a birth weight of 2500-3499, 3500-3999, 4000-4499, and > or =4500 g. The association between birth weight and adolescent obesity remained essentially the same when mother's demographic and anthropometric factors, breast feeding, and adolescent life-style factors were adjusted. CONCLUSION Compared with infants of normal birth weight, infants with birth weight >4000 g, especially those >4500 g, are at increased risk of adolescent obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Shanghai Institute for Planned Parental Research, Shanghai, China
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