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Zapletalova K, Valenzuela I, Greyling M, Regin Y, Frigolett C, Krofta L, Deprest J, van der Merwe J. The Effects of Prenatal Pravastatin Treatment in the Rabbit Fetal Growth Restriction Model. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2685. [PMID: 37893059 PMCID: PMC10604497 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) remains without an effective prenatal treatment. Evidence from murine FGR models suggests a beneficial effect of prenatal pravastatin. Since the rabbit hemodichorial placenta more closely resembles the human condition, we investigated the effects of prenatal maternal pravastatin administration in the rabbit FGR model. At a gestational age of 25 days (term 31d), pregnant dams underwent partial uteroplacental vessel ligation (UPVL) in one uterine horn to induce FGR, leaving the other horn as a control. Dams were randomized to either receive 5 mg/kg/d pravastatin dissolved in their drinking water or normal drinking water until delivery. At GA 30d, the rabbits were delivered and were divided into four groups: control without pravastatin (C/NoPrav), FGR without pravastatin (FGR/NoPrav), FGR with pravastatin (FGR/Prav), and controls with pravastatin (C/Prav). The newborn rabbits underwent pulmonary functional assessment and neurobehavioral assessment, and they were harvested for alveolar morphometry or neuropathology. The placentas underwent histology examination and RNA expression. Birth weight was lower in the FGR groups (FGR/Prav, FGR/NoPrav), but there was no difference between FGR/Prav and C/NoPrav. No differences were noted in placental zone proportions, but eNOS in FGR/Prav placentas and VEGFR-2 in FGR/Prav and C/Prav were upregulated. There were no differences in pulmonary function assessment and alveolar morphometry. FGR/Prav kittens had increased neurosensory scores, but there were no differences in neuromotor tests, neuron density, apoptosis, and astrogliosis. In conclusion, in the rabbit FGR model, pravastatin upregulated the expression of VEGFR-2 and eNOS in FGR placentas and was associated with higher neurosensory scores, without measurable effects on birthweight, pulmonary function and morphology, and neuron density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Zapletalova
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Cluster Woman and Child, Group Biomedical Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (K.Z.); (I.V.)
- Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 147 10 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ignacio Valenzuela
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Cluster Woman and Child, Group Biomedical Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (K.Z.); (I.V.)
| | - Marnel Greyling
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Cluster Woman and Child, Group Biomedical Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (K.Z.); (I.V.)
| | - Yannick Regin
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Cluster Woman and Child, Group Biomedical Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (K.Z.); (I.V.)
| | - Cristian Frigolett
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven Statistics Research Centre, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ladislav Krofta
- Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 147 10 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Deprest
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Cluster Woman and Child, Group Biomedical Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (K.Z.); (I.V.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division Woman and Child, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johannes van der Merwe
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Cluster Woman and Child, Group Biomedical Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (K.Z.); (I.V.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division Woman and Child, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Kühne BA, Gutierrez-Vázquez L, Sánchez Lamelas E, Guardia-Escote L, Pla L, Loreiro C, Gratacós E, Barenys M, Illa M. Lactoferrin/sialic acid prevents adverse effects of intrauterine growth restriction on neurite length: investigations in an in vitro rabbit neurosphere model. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1116405. [PMID: 37180944 PMCID: PMC10169722 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1116405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a well-known cause of impaired neurodevelopment during life. In this study, we aimed to characterize alterations in neuronal development underlying IUGR and discover strategies to ameliorate adverse neurodevelopment effects by using a recently established rabbit in vitro neurosphere culture. Methods IUGR was surgically induced in pregnant rabbits by ligation of placental vessels in one uterine horn, while the contralateral horn remained unaffected for normal growth (control). At this time point, rabbits were randomly assigned to receive either no treatment, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), melatonin (MEL), or lactoferrin (LF) until c-section. Neurospheres consisting of neural progenitor cells were obtained from control and IUGR pup's whole brain and comparatively analyzed for the ability to differentiate into neurons, extend neurite length, and form dendritic branching or pre-synapses. We established for the very first time a protocol to cultivate control and IUGR rabbit neurospheres not only for 5 days but under long-term conditions up to 14 days under differentiation conditions. Additionally, an in vitro evaluation of these therapies was evaluated by exposing neurospheres from non-treated rabbits to DHA, MEL, and SA (sialic acid, which is the major lactoferrin compound) and by assessing the ability to differentiate neurons, extend neurite length, and form dendritic branching or pre-synapses. Results We revealed that IUGR significantly increased the neurite length after 5 days of cultivation in vitro, a result in good agreement with previous in vivo findings in IUGR rabbits presenting more complex dendritic arborization of neurons in the frontal cortex. MEL, DHA, and SA decreased the IUGR-induced length of primary dendrites in vitro, however, only SA was able to reduce the total neurite length to control level in IUGR neurospheres. After prenatal in vivo administration of SAs parent compound LF with subsequent evaluation in vitro, LF was able to prevent abnormal neurite extension. Discussion We established for the first time the maintenance of the rabbit neurosphere culture for 14 days under differentiation conditions with increasing complexity of neuronal length and branching up to pre-synaptic formation. From the therapies tested, LF or its major compound, SA, prevents abnormal neurite extension and was therefore identified as the most promising therapy against IUGR-induced changes in neuronal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Anna Kühne
- Grup de Recerca en Toxicologia (GRET) i INSA-UB, Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- BCNatal | Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lara Gutierrez-Vázquez
- Grup de Recerca en Toxicologia (GRET) i INSA-UB, Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estela Sánchez Lamelas
- Grup de Recerca en Toxicologia (GRET) i INSA-UB, Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Guardia-Escote
- Grup de Recerca en Toxicologia (GRET) i INSA-UB, Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Pla
- BCNatal | Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla Loreiro
- BCNatal | Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- BCNatal | Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Barenys
- Grup de Recerca en Toxicologia (GRET) i INSA-UB, Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R), German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Miriam Illa
- BCNatal | Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
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Valenzuela I, Zapletalova K, Greyling M, Regin Y, Gie A, Basurto D, Deprest J, van der Merwe J. Fetal Growth Restriction Impairs Lung Function and Neurodevelopment in an Early Preterm Rabbit Model. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010139. [PMID: 36672647 PMCID: PMC9855731 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported the multi-system sequelae of fetal growth restriction, induced by placental underperfusion, in near-term born rabbits, in the immediate neonatal period and up to pre-adolescence. Herein, we describe the pulmonary and neurodevelopmental consequences of FGR in rabbits born preterm. We hypothesize that FGR has an additional detrimental effect on prematurity in both pulmonary function and neurodevelopment. FGR was induced at gestational day (GD) 25 by placental underperfusion, accomplished by partial uteroplacental vessel ligation in one uterine horn. Rabbits were delivered by cesarean section at GD 29, and placentas were harvested for histology. Neonates underwent neurobehavioral or pulmonary functional assessment at postnatal day 1, followed by brain or lung harvesting, respectively. The neurodevelopmental assessment included neurobehavioral testing and multiregional quantification of cell density and apoptosis in the brain. Lung assessment included functional testing, alveolar morphometry, and airway histology. FGR was associated with higher perinatal mortality, lower birth and placental weight, and a similar brain-to-body weight ratio compared to controls. Placental underperfusion decreased labyrinth and junction zone volumes in FGR placentas. FGR impaired pulmonary function, depicted by higher parenchymal resistance, damping, and elastance. Alveolar morphometry and airway smooth muscle content were comparable between groups. Neurobehavioral tests showed motoric and sensorial impairment in FGR rabbits. In FGR brains, cell density was globally reduced, with higher apoptosis in selected areas. In conclusion, in preterm-born rabbits, placental underperfusion leads to higher mortality, FGR, and impaired lung and brain development in early assessment. This study complements previous findings of placental, pulmonary, and neurodevelopmental impairment in near-term born rabbits in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Valenzuela
- Cluster Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katerina Zapletalova
- Cluster Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Charles University, 147 10 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marnel Greyling
- Cluster Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yannick Regin
- Cluster Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andre Gie
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - David Basurto
- Cluster Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Deprest
- Cluster Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division Woman and Child, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johannes van der Merwe
- Cluster Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division Woman and Child, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence:
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Placental vascular alterations are associated with early neurodevelopmental and pulmonary impairment in the rabbit fetal growth restriction model. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19720. [PMID: 36385147 PMCID: PMC9668827 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22895-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction is one of the leading causes of perinatal mortality and morbidity and has consequences that extend well beyond the neonatal period. Current management relies on timely delivery rather than improving placental function. Several prenatal strategies have failed to show benefit in clinical trials after promising results in animal models. Most of these animal models have important developmental and structural differences compared to the human and/or are insufficiently characterized. We aimed to describe placental function and structure in an FGR rabbit model, and to characterize the early brain and lung developmental morbidity using a multimodal approach. FGR was induced in time-mated rabbits at gestational day 25 by partial uteroplacental vessel ligation in one horn. Umbilical artery Doppler was measured before caesarean delivery at gestational day 30, and placentas were harvested for computed microtomography and histology. Neonates underwent neurobehavioral or pulmonary functional assessment the day after delivery, followed by brain or lung harvesting, respectively. Neuropathological assessment included multiregional quantification of neuron density, apoptosis, astrogliosis, cellular proliferation, and oligodendrocyte progenitors. Brain region volumes and diffusion metrics were obtained from ex-vivo brain magnetic resonance imaging. Lung assessment included biomechanical tests and pulmonary histology. Fetal growth restriction was associated with labyrinth alterations in the placenta, driven by fetal capillary reduction, and overall reduced vessels volume. FGR caused altered neurobehavior paralleled by regional neuropathological deficits and reduced fractional anisotropy in the cortex, white matter, and hippocampus. In addition, FGR kittens presented functional alterations in the peripheral lung and structurally underdeveloped alveoli. In conclusion, in a uteroplacental insufficiency FGR rabbit model, placental vascular alterations coincide with neurodevelopmental and pulmonary disruption.
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Kühne BA, Teixidó E, Ettcheto M, Puig T, Planas M, Feliu L, Pla L, Campuzano V, Gratacós E, Fritsche E, Illa M, Barenys M. Application of the adverse outcome pathway to identify molecular changes in prenatal brain programming induced by IUGR: Discoveries after EGCG exposure. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 170:113506. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Antioxidant Effect and Acute Oral Toxicity of Hot Springs. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:4200824. [PMID: 36210965 PMCID: PMC9534612 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4200824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
According to the research, there are many illnesses for which therapeutic mineral hot springs are employed as an alternative. Its physicochemical characteristics have a substantial body of evidence. The in vivo antioxidant effect of Mosul's hot springs in Iraq has been investigated in the current investigation. An experimental design for toxicity, a control group, and a study group were created. In addition, in vivo antioxidant effect of the hot springs of Mosul, Iraq, has been studied by the lipid antiperoxidation method with (p < 0.05), in vitro by the free radical scavenging method (DPPH) for its complexing capacity of hot springs. In acute oral toxicity in vivo at fixed doses, looking for signs and symptoms of toxicity, there are no signs of intoxication or significant changes in the biochemical analysis (blood count). And, it was discovered that the variances are substantial. The animal was necropsied, and hematological and biochemical parameters were determined, as well as the organs' histological processing at the study's conclusion. It was found that the thermal waters from Mosul, Iraq, are medicinal mineral waters, chlorinated, sodium, and sulfated, nontoxic and have an antioxidant effect. With the help of the research's findings, it is hoped to provide scientific support for knowledge that, when made public, encourages the development of Mosul's hot springs as a safe and environmentally friendly tourist destination. With the results of this research, the parameters were presented with their mean and standard deviation statistics, promoting the ecological and sanitary tourism development of the Mosul hot springs, which will generate more significant income for the population, therefore growth in the region.
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Pla L, Kühne BA, Guardia-Escote L, Vázquez-Aristizabal P, Loreiro C, Flick B, Gratacós E, Barenys M, Illa M. Protocols for the Evaluation of Neurodevelopmental Alterations in Rabbit Models In Vitro and In Vivo. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:918520. [PMID: 35936386 PMCID: PMC9355155 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.918520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The rabbit model is gaining importance in the field of neurodevelopmental evaluation due to its higher similarity to humans in terms of brain development and maturation than rodents. In this publication, we detailed 14 protocols covering toxicological relevant endpoints for the assessment of neurodevelopmental adverse effects in the rabbit species. These protocols include both in vitro and in vivo techniques, which also cover different evaluation time-points, the neonatal period, and long-term examinations at postnatal days (PNDs) 50–70. Specifically, the protocols (P) included are as follows: neurosphere preparation (GD30/PND0; P2) and neurosphere assay (P3), behavioral ontogeny (PND1; P4), brain obtaining and brain weight measurement at two different ages: PND1 (P5) and PND70 (P12), neurohistopathological evaluations after immersion fixation for neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia (PND1; P6-9) or perfusion fixation (PND70; P12), motor activity (P11, open field), memory and sensory function (P11, object recognition test), learning (P10, Skinner box), and histological evaluation of plasticity (P13 and P14) through dendritic spines and perineuronal nets. The expected control values and their variabilities are presented together with the information on how to troubleshoot the most common issues related to each protocol. To sum up, this publication offers a comprehensive compilation of reliable protocols adapted to the rabbit model for neurodevelopmental assessment in toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pla
- BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Britta Anna Kühne
- BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
- GRET, INSA-UB and Toxicology Unit, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Guardia-Escote
- GRET, INSA-UB and Toxicology Unit, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Paula Vázquez-Aristizabal
- BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
- GRET, INSA-UB and Toxicology Unit, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla Loreiro
- BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Burkhard Flick
- Department of Toxicology, NUVISAN ICB GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Barenys
- GRET, INSA-UB and Toxicology Unit, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Illa
- BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Miriam Illa,
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Docosahexaenoic Acid and Melatonin Prevent Impaired Oligodendrogenesis Induced by Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR). Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051205. [PMID: 35625940 PMCID: PMC9138514 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, our aims were to characterize oligodendrogenesis alterations in fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and to find therapeutic strategies to prevent/treat them using a novel rabbit in vitro neurosphere culture. IUGR was surgically induced in one uterine horn of pregnant rabbits, while the contralateral horn served as a control. Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) were obtained from pup’s whole brain and cultured as neurospheres mimicking the basic processes of brain development including migration and cell differentiation. Five substances, chosen based on evidence provided in the literature, were screened in vitro in neurospheres from untreated rabbits: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), melatonin (MEL), zinc, 3,3′,5-Triiodo-L-thyronine (T3), and lactoferrin (LF) or its metabolite sialic acid (SA). DHA, MEL and LF were further selected for in vivo administration and subsequent evaluation in the Neurosphere Assay. In the IUGR culture, we observed a significantly reduced percentage of oligodendrocytes (OLs) which correlated with clinical findings indicating white matter injury in IUGR infants. We identified DHA and MEL as the most effective therapies. In all cases, our in vitro rabbit neurosphere assay predicted the outcome of the in vivo administration of the therapies and confirmed the reliability of the model, making it a powerful and consistent tool to select new neuroprotective therapies.
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Kinoshita M, Crispi F, Loreiro C, Gratacós E, Illa M, Zamora M. Strategies for intra-amniotic administration of fetal therapy in a rabbit model of intrauterine growth restriction. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:1668-1679. [PMID: 33794699 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211003508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction affects up to 10% of all pregnancies, leading to fetal programming with detrimental consequences for lifelong health. However, no therapeutic strategies have so far been effective to ameliorate these consequences. Our previous study has demonstrated that a single dose of nutrients administered into the amniotic cavity, bypassing the often dysfunctional placenta via intra-amniotic administration, improved survival at birth but not birthweight in an intrauterine growth restriction rabbit model. The aim of this study was to further develop an effective strategy for intra-amniotic fetal therapy in an animal model. Intrauterine growth restriction was induced by selective ligation of uteroplacental vessels on one uterine horn of pregnant rabbits at gestational day 25, and fetuses were delivered by cesarean section on GD30. During the five days of intrauterine growth restriction development, three different methods of intra-amniotic administration were used: continuous intra-amniotic infusion by osmotic pump, multiple intra-amniotic injections, and single fetal intraperitoneal injection. Technical feasibility, capability to systematically reach the fetus, and survival and birthweight of the derived offspring were evaluated for each technique. Continuous intra-amniotic infusion by osmotic pump was not feasible owing to the high occurrence of catheter displacement and amnion rupture, while methods using two intra-amniotic injections and one fetal intraperitoneal injection were technically feasible but compromised fetal survival. Taking into account all the numerous factors affecting intra-amniotic fetal therapy in the intrauterine growth restriction rabbit model, we conclude that an optimal therapeutic strategy with low technical failure and positive fetal impact on both survival and birthweight still needs to be found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Kinoshita
- BCNatal
- Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Fàtima Crispi
- BCNatal
- Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Carla Loreiro
- BCNatal
- Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- BCNatal
- Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Míriam Illa
- BCNatal
- Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Mònica Zamora
- BCNatal
- Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
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Pla L, Illa M, Loreiro C, Lopez MC, Vázquez-Aristizabal P, Kühne BA, Barenys M, Eixarch E, Gratacós E. Structural Brain Changes during the Neonatal Period in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction. Dev Neurosci 2021; 42:217-229. [PMID: 33677448 DOI: 10.1159/000512948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with abnormal neurodevelopment, but the associated structural brain changes are poorly documented. The aim of this study was to describe in an animal model the brain changes at the cellular level in the gray and white matter induced by IUGR during the neonatal period. METHODS The IUGR model was surgically induced in pregnant rabbits by ligating 40-50% of the uteroplacental vessels in 1 horn, whereas the uteroplacental vessels of the contralateral horn were not ligated. After 5 days, IUGR animals from the ligated horn and controls from the nonligated were delivered. On the day of delivery, perinatal data and placentas were collected. On postnatal day 1, functional changes were first evaluated, and thereafter, neuronal arborization in the frontal cortex and density of pre-oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and microglia in the corpus callosum were evaluated. RESULTS Higher stillbirth in IUGR fetuses together with a reduced birth weight as compared to controls was evidenced. IUGR animals showed poorer functional results, an altered neuronal arborization pattern, and a decrease in the pre-oligodendrocytes, with no differences in microglia and astrocyte densities. CONCLUSIONS Overall, in the rabbit model used, IUGR is related to functional and brain changes evidenced already at birth, including changes in the neuronal arborization and abnormal oligodendrocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pla
- BCNatal
- Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Illa
- BCNatal
- Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, .,Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain,
| | - Carla Loreiro
- BCNatal
- Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mari Carmen Lopez
- BCNatal
- Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Vázquez-Aristizabal
- BCNatal
- Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Britta Anna Kühne
- BCNatal
- Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,GRET, INSA-UB and Toxicology Unit, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Barenys
- GRET, INSA-UB and Toxicology Unit, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisenda Eixarch
- BCNatal
- Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- BCNatal
- Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Bleeser T, Van Der Veeken L, Devroe S, Vergote S, Emam D, van der Merwe J, Ghijsens E, Joyeux L, Basurto D, Van de Velde M, Deprest J, Rex S. Effects of Maternal Abdominal Surgery on Fetal Brain Development in the Rabbit Model. Fetal Diagn Ther 2021; 48:189-200. [PMID: 33631746 PMCID: PMC7613467 DOI: 10.1159/000512489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anesthesia during pregnancy can impair fetal neurodevelopment, but effects of surgery remain unknown. The aim is to investigate effects of abdominal surgery on fetal brain development. Hypothesis is that surgery impairs outcome. METHODS Pregnant rabbits were randomized at 28 days of gestation to 2 h of general anesthesia (sevoflurane group, n = 6) or to anesthesia plus laparoscopic appendectomy (surgery group, n = 13). On postnatal day 1, neurobehavior of pups was assessed and brains harvested. Primary outcome was neuron density in the frontal cortex, and secondary outcomes included neurobehavioral assessment and other histological parameters. RESULTS Fetal survival was lower in the surgery group: 54 versus 100% litters alive at birth (p = 0.0442). In alive litters, pup survival until harvesting was 50 versus 69% (p = 0.0352). No differences were observed for primary outcome (p = 0.5114) for surviving pups. Neuron densities were significantly lower in the surgery group in the caudate nucleus (p = 0.0180), but not different in other regions. No differences were observed for secondary outcomes. Conclusions did not change after adjustment for mortality. CONCLUSION Abdominal surgery in pregnant rabbits at a gestational age corresponding to the end of human second trimester results in limited neurohistological changes but not in neurobehavioral impairments. High intrauterine mortality limits translation to clinical scenario, where fetal mortality is close to zero.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Bleeser
- Department of Anesthesiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Development and Regeneration, My FetUZ Fetal Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lennart Van Der Veeken
- Department of Development and Regeneration, My FetUZ Fetal Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Surgical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah Devroe
- Department of Anesthesiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Development and Regeneration, My FetUZ Fetal Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Simen Vergote
- Department of Development and Regeneration, My FetUZ Fetal Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Surgical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Doaa Emam
- Department of Development and Regeneration, My FetUZ Fetal Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Surgical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Tanta, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Johannes van der Merwe
- Department of Development and Regeneration, My FetUZ Fetal Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Surgical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elina Ghijsens
- Center for Surgical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc Joyeux
- Department of Development and Regeneration, My FetUZ Fetal Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Surgical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Basurto
- Department of Development and Regeneration, My FetUZ Fetal Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Surgical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc Van de Velde
- Department of Anesthesiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Deprest
- Department of Development and Regeneration, My FetUZ Fetal Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Surgical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Steffen Rex
- Department of Anesthesiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,
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12
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Barenys M, Illa M, Hofrichter M, Loreiro C, Pla L, Klose J, Kühne BA, Gómez-Catalán J, Braun JM, Crispi F, Gratacós E, Fritsche E. Rabbit neurospheres as a novel in vitro tool for studying neurodevelopmental effects induced by intrauterine growth restriction. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 10:209-221. [PMID: 33034168 PMCID: PMC7848321 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a rabbit neurosphere culture to characterize differences in basic processes of neurogenesis induced by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). A novel in vitro neurosphere culture has been established using fresh or frozen neural progenitor cells from newborn (PND0) rabbit brains. After surgical IUGR induction in pregnant rabbits and cesarean section 5 days later, neural progenitor cells from both control and IUGR groups were isolated and directly cultured or frozen at −80°C. These neural progenitor cells spontaneously formed neurospheres after 7 days in culture. The ability of control and IUGR neurospheres to migrate, proliferate, differentiate to neurons, astrocytes, or oligodendrocytes was compared and the possibility to modulate their responses was tested by exposure to several positive and negative controls. Neurospheres obtained from IUGR brains have a significant impairment in oligodendrocyte differentiation, whereas no significant differences are observed in other basic processes of neurogenesis. This impairment can be reverted by in vitro exposure of IUGR neurospheres to thyroid hormone, which is known to play an essential role in white matter maturation in vivo. Our new rabbit neurosphere model and the results of this study open the possibility to test several substances in vitro as neuroprotective candidates against IUGR induced neurodevelopmental damage while decreasing the number of animals and resources and allowing a more mechanistic approach at a cellular functional level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Barenys
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany.,GRET, INSA-UB and Toxicology Unit, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Illa
- BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maxi Hofrichter
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Carla Loreiro
- BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Pla
- BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jördis Klose
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Britta Anna Kühne
- GRET, INSA-UB and Toxicology Unit, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Gómez-Catalán
- GRET, INSA-UB and Toxicology Unit, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jan Matthias Braun
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Fatima Crispi
- BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ellen Fritsche
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
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13
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Lopez-Tello J, Arias-Alvarez M, Gonzalez-Bulnes A, Sferuzzi-Perri AN. Models of Intrauterine growth restriction and fetal programming in rabbits. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:1781-1809. [PMID: 31538701 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects approximately 10% of human pregnancies globally and has immediate and life-long consequences for offspring health. However, the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of IUGR and its association with later health and disease outcomes are poorly understood. To address these knowledge gaps, the use of experimental animals is critically important. Since the 50's different environmental, pharmacological, and surgical manipulations have been performed in the rabbit to improve our knowledge of the control of fetal growth, fetal responses to IUGR, and mechanisms by which offspring may be programmed by an adverse gestational environment. The purpose of this review is therefore to summarize the utility of the rabbit as a model for IUGR research. It first summarizes the knowledge of prenatal and postnatal development in the rabbit and how these events relate to developmental milestones in humans. It then describes the methods used to induce IUGR in rabbits and the knowledge gained about the mechanisms determining prenatal and postnatal outcomes of the offspring. Finally, it discusses the application of state of the art approaches in the rabbit, including high-resolution ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and gene targeting, to gain a deeper integrative understanding of the physiological and molecular events governing the development of IUGR. Overall, we hope to engage and inspire investigators to employ the rabbit as a model organism when studying pregnancy physiology so that we may advance our understanding of mechanisms underlying IUGR and its consequences in humans and other mammalian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Lopez-Tello
- Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maria Arias-Alvarez
- Department of Animal Production. Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Amanda N Sferuzzi-Perri
- Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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14
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Garcia-Canadilla P, de Vries T, Gonzalez-Tendero A, Bonnin A, Gratacos E, Crispi F, Bijnens B, Zhang C. Structural coronary artery remodelling in the rabbit fetus as a result of intrauterine growth restriction. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218192. [PMID: 31226127 PMCID: PMC6588274 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a fetal condition that affects up to 10% of all pregnancies and is associated with cardiovascular structural and functional remodelling that persists postnatally. Some studies have reported an increase in myocardial coronary blood flow in severe IUGR fetuses which has been directly associated to the dilatation of the coronary arteries. However, a direct measurement of the coronaries’ lumen diameter in IUGR has not been reported before. The aim of this paper is to perform, for the first time, a quantitative analysis of the effects of IUGR in cardiac geometry and coronary vessel size in a well-known rabbit model of IUGR using synchrotron-based X-ray Phase Contrast Tomography Imaging (X-PCI). Eight rabbit fetal hearts were imaged non-destructively with X-PCI. 3D reconstructions of the coronary arterial tree were obtained after semi-automatic image segmentation. Different morphometric features including vessel lumen diameter of the three main coronaries were automatically quantified. IUGR fetuses had more globular hearts and dilated coronary arteries as compared to controls. We have quantitatively shown that IUGR leads to structural coronary vascular tree remodelling and enlargement as an adaptation mechanism in response to an adverse environment of restricted oxygen and nutrients and increased perfusion pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Garcia-Canadilla
- Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Tom de Vries
- Medical Image Analysis, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Anna Gonzalez-Tendero
- BCNatal | Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anne Bonnin
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Eduard Gratacos
- BCNatal | Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Fatima Crispi
- BCNatal | Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bart Bijnens
- Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Institución Catalana de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chong Zhang
- Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Simões RV, Cabañas ME, Loreiro C, Illa M, Crispi F, Gratacós E. Assessment of prenatal cerebral and cardiac metabolic changes in a rabbit model of fetal growth restriction based on 13C-labelled substrate infusions and ex vivo multinuclear HRMAS. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208784. [PMID: 30589837 PMCID: PMC6307735 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have used a previously reported rabbit model of fetal growth restriction (FGR), reproducing perinatal neurodevelopmental and cardiovascular impairments, to investigate the main relative changes in cerebral and cardiac metabolism of term FGR fetuses during nutrient infusion. METHODS FGR was induced in 9 pregnant New Zealand rabbits at 25 days of gestation: one horn used as FGR, by partial ligation of uteroplacental vessels, and the contralateral as control (appropriate for gestation age, AGA). At 30 days of gestation, fasted mothers under anesthesia were infused i.v. with 1-13C-glucose (4 mothers), 2-13C-acetate (3 mothers), or not infused (2 mothers). Fetal brain and heart samples were quickly harvested and frozen down. Brain cortex and heart apex regions from 30 fetuses were studied ex vivo by HRMAS at 4°C, acquiring multinuclear 1D and 2D spectra. The data were processed, quantified by peak deconvolution or integration, and normalized to sample weight. RESULTS Most of the total 13C-labeling reaching the fetal brains/hearts (80-90%) was incorporated to alanine and lactate (cytosol), and to the glutamine-glutamate pool (mitochondria). Acetate-derived lactate (Lac C2C3) had a slower turnover in FGR brains (~ -20%). In FGR hearts, mitochondrial turnover of acetate-derived glutamine (Gln C4) was slower (-23%) and there was a stronger accumulation of phospholipid breakdown products (glycerophosphoethanolamine and glycerophosphocholine, +50%), resembling the profile of non-infused control hearts. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate specific functional changes in cerebral and cardiac metabolism of FGR fetuses under nutrient infusion, suggesting glial impairment and restricted mitochondrial metabolism concomitant with slower cell membrane turnover in cardiomyocytes, respectively. These prenatal metabolic changes underlie neurodevelopmental and cardiovascular problems observed in this FGR model and in clinical patients, paving the way for future studies aimed at evaluating metabolic function postnatally and in response to stress and/or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui V. Simões
- Fetal i+d Fetal Medicine Reseach Center, BCNatal—Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), ICGON, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, SPAIN
- * E-mail:
| | - Miquel E. Cabañas
- Servei de Resonància Magnètica Nuclear, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), SPAIN
| | - Carla Loreiro
- Fetal i+d Fetal Medicine Reseach Center, BCNatal—Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), ICGON, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, SPAIN
| | - Miriam Illa
- Fetal i+d Fetal Medicine Reseach Center, BCNatal—Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), ICGON, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, SPAIN
| | - Fatima Crispi
- Fetal i+d Fetal Medicine Reseach Center, BCNatal—Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), ICGON, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, SPAIN
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- Fetal i+d Fetal Medicine Reseach Center, BCNatal—Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), ICGON, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, SPAIN
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16
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López-Tello J, Arias-Álvarez M, Jiménez-Martínez MÁ, Barbero-Fernández A, García-García RM, Rodríguez M, Lorenzo PL, Torres-Rovira L, Astiz S, González-Bulnes A, Rebollar PG. The effects of sildenafil citrate on feto-placental development and haemodynamics in a rabbit model of intrauterine growth restriction. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:1239-1248. [PMID: 27209378 DOI: 10.1071/rd15330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the effectiveness of sildenafil citrate (SC) to improve placental and fetal growth in a diet-induced rabbit model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Pregnant rabbits were fed either ad libitum (Group C) or restricted to 50% of dietary requirements (Group R) or restricted and treated with SC (Group SC). The treatment with SC improved placental development by increasing vascularity and vessel hypertrophy in the decidua. The assessment of feto-placental haemodynamics showed higher resistance and pulsatility indices at the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in fetuses treated with SC when compared with Group R, which had increased systolic peak and time-averaged mean velocities at the MCA. Furthermore, fetuses in the SC group had significantly higher biparietal and thoracic diameters and longer crown-rump lengths than fetuses in Group R. Hence, the SC group had a reduced IUGR rate and a higher kit size at birth compared with Group R. In conclusion, SC may provide potential benefits in pregnancies with placental insufficiency and IUGR, partially counteracting the negative effects of food restriction on placental development and fetal growth. However, the present study also found evidence of a possible blood overflow in the brain that warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge López-Tello
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Arias-Álvarez
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria-Ángeles Jiménez-Martínez
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Barbero-Fernández
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa María García-García
- Department of Physiology (Animal Physiology), Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Rodríguez
- Department of Animal Production, Polytechnic University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro L Lorenzo
- Department of Physiology (Animal Physiology), Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Torres-Rovira
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Astiz
- Comparative Physiology Lab, SGIT-INIA, Avda, Puerta de Hierro, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Pilar G Rebollar
- Department of Animal Production, Polytechnic University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Gonzalez-Tendero A, Zhang C, Balicevic V, Cárdenes R, Loncaric S, Butakoff C, Paun B, Bonnin A, Garcia-Cañadilla P, Muñoz-Moreno E, Gratacós E, Crispi F, Bijnens B. Whole heart detailed and quantitative anatomy, myofibre structure and vasculature from X-ray phase-contrast synchrotron radiation-based micro computed tomography. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2018; 18:732-741. [PMID: 28329054 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jew314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While individual cardiac myocytes only have a limited ability to shorten, the heart efficiently pumps a large volume-fraction thanks to a cell organization in a complex 3D fibre structure. Subclinical subtle cardiac structural remodelling is often present before symptoms arise. Understanding and early detection of these subtle changes is crucial for diagnosis and prevention. Additionally, personalized computational modelling requires knowledge on the multi-scale structure of the whole heart and vessels. Methods and Results We developed a rapid acquisition together with visualization and quantification methods of the integrated microstructure of whole in-vitro rodents hearts using synchrotron based X-ray phase-contrast tomography. These images are formed not only by X-ray absorption by the tissue but also by wave propagation phenomena, enhancing structural information, thus allowing to raise tissue contrast to an unprecedented level. We used a (ex-vivo) normal rat heart and fetal rabbit hearts suffering intrauterine growth restriction as a model of subclinical cardiac remodelling to illustrate the strengths and potential of the technique. For comparison, histology and diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging was performed. Conclusions We have developed a novel, high resolution, image acquisition, and quantification approach to study a whole in-vitro heart at myofibre resolution, providing integrated 3D structural information at microscopic level without any need of tissue slicing and processing. This superior imaging approach opens up new possibilities for a systems approach towards analysing cardiac structure and function, providing rapid acquisition of quantitative microstructure of the heart in a near native state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gonzalez-Tendero
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chong Zhang
- PhySense, DTIC, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,CellNetworks, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vedrana Balicevic
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Rubén Cárdenes
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain.,PhySense, DTIC, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sven Loncaric
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Bruno Paun
- PhySense, DTIC, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anne Bonnin
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France.,Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | | | - Emma Muñoz-Moreno
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fatima Crispi
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bart Bijnens
- PhySense, DTIC, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
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Gumus HG, Illa M, Pla L, Zamora M, Crispi F, Gratacos E. Nutritional intra-amniotic therapy increases survival in a rabbit model of fetal growth restriction. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193240. [PMID: 29466434 PMCID: PMC5821379 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the perinatal effects of a prenatal therapy based on intra-amniotic nutritional supplementation in a rabbit model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). METHODS IUGR was surgically induced in pregnant rabbits at gestational day 25 by ligating 40-50% of uteroplacental vessels of each gestational sac. At the same time, modified-parenteral nutrition solution (containing glucose, amino acids and electrolytes) was injected into the amniotic sac of nearly half of the IUGR fetuses (IUGR-T group n = 106), whereas sham injections were performed in the rest of fetuses (IUGR group n = 118). A control group without IUGR induction but sham injection was also included (n = 115). Five days after the ligation procedure, a cesarean section was performed to evaluate fetal cardiac function, survival and birth weight. RESULTS Survival was significantly improved in the IUGR fetuses that were treated with intra-amniotic nutritional supplementation as compared to non-treated IUGR animals (survival rate: controls 71% vs. IUGR 44% p = 0.003 and IUGR-T 63% vs. IUGR 44% p = 0.02), whereas, birth weight (controls mean 43g ± SD 9 vs. IUGR 36g ± SD 9 vs. IUGR-T 35g ± SD 8, p = 0.001) and fetal cardiac function were similar among the IUGR groups. CONCLUSION Intra-amniotic injection of a modified-parenteral nutrient solution appears to be a promising therapy for reducing mortality among IUGR. These results provide an opportunity to develop new intra-amniotic nutritional strategies to reach the fetus by bypassing the placental insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Gulcin Gumus
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal -Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clinic and Hospital San Juan de Deu), Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatalogia, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Illa
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal -Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clinic and Hospital San Juan de Deu), Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatalogia, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Pla
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal -Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clinic and Hospital San Juan de Deu), Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatalogia, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Monica Zamora
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal -Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clinic and Hospital San Juan de Deu), Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatalogia, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fatima Crispi
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal -Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clinic and Hospital San Juan de Deu), Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatalogia, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gratacos
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal -Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clinic and Hospital San Juan de Deu), Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatalogia, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Guitart-Mampel M, Gonzalez-Tendero A, Niñerola S, Morén C, Catalán-Garcia M, González-Casacuberta I, Juárez-Flores DL, Ugarteburu O, Matalonga L, Cascajo MV, Tort F, Cortés A, Tobias E, Milisenda JC, Grau JM, Crispi F, Gratacós E, Garrabou G, Cardellach F. Cardiac and placental mitochondrial characterization in a rabbit model of intrauterine growth restriction. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:1157-1167. [PMID: 29452236 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with cardiovascular remodeling persisting into adulthood. Mitochondrial bioenergetics, essential for embryonic development and cardiovascular function, are regulated by nuclear effectors as sirtuins. A rabbit model of IUGR and cardiovascular remodeling was generated, in which heart mitochondrial alterations were observed by microscopic and transcriptomic analysis. We aimed to evaluate if such alterations are translated at a functional mitochondrial level to establish the etiopathology and potential therapeutic targets for this obstetric complication. METHODS Hearts and placentas from 16 IUGR-offspring and 14 controls were included to characterize mitochondrial function. RESULTS Enzymatic activities of complexes II, IV and II + III in IUGR-hearts (-11.96 ± 3.16%; -15.58 ± 5.32%; -14.73 ± 4.37%; p < 0.05) and II and II + III in IUGR-placentas (-17.22 ± 3.46%; p < 0.005 and -29.64 ± 4.43%; p < 0.001) significantly decreased. This was accompanied by a not significant reduction in CI-stimulated oxygen consumption and significantly decreased complex II SDHB subunit expression in placenta (-44.12 ± 5.88%; p < 0.001). Levels of mitochondrial content, Coenzyme Q and cellular ATP were conserved. Lipid peroxidation significantly decreased in IUGR-hearts (-39.02 ± 4.35%; p < 0.001), but not significantly increased in IUGR-placentas. Sirtuin3 protein expression significantly increased in IUGR-hearts (84.21 ± 31.58%; p < 0.05) despite conserved anti-oxidant SOD2 protein expression and activity in both tissues. CONCLUSIONS IUGR is associated with cardiac and placental mitochondrial CII dysfunction. Up-regulated expression of Sirtuin3 may explain attenuation of cardiac oxidative damage and preserved ATP levels under CII deficiency. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE These findings may allow the design of dietary interventions to modulate Sirtuin3 expression and consequent regulation of mitochondrial imbalance associated with IUGR and derived cardiovascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Guitart-Mampel
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex - IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Gonzalez-Tendero
- BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Clinical Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Neonatology, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Niñerola
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex - IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Morén
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex - IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Catalán-Garcia
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex - IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - I González-Casacuberta
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex - IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - D L Juárez-Flores
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex - IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - O Ugarteburu
- Section of Inborn Errors of Metabolism - IBC, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona - IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Matalonga
- Section of Inborn Errors of Metabolism - IBC, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona - IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - M V Cascajo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide - CSIC - JA, Sevilla, Spain; CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Tort
- Section of Inborn Errors of Metabolism - IBC, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona - IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Cortés
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide - CSIC - JA, Sevilla, Spain; CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Tobias
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex - IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - J C Milisenda
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex - IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Grau
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex - IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Crispi
- BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Clinical Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Neonatology, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Gratacós
- BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Clinical Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Neonatology, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Garrabou
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex - IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERER, Madrid, Spain.
| | - F Cardellach
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex - IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERER, Madrid, Spain.
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Crispi F, Miranda J, Gratacós E. Long-term cardiovascular consequences of fetal growth restriction: biology, clinical implications, and opportunities for prevention of adult disease. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2018; 218:S869-S879. [PMID: 29422215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the modern world, cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death for both men and women. Epidemiologic studies consistently have suggested an association between low birthweight and/or fetal growth restriction and increased rate of cardiovascular mortality in adulthood. Furthermore, experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated that sustained nutrient and oxygen restriction that are associated with fetal growth restriction activate adaptive cardiovascular changes that might explain this association. Fetal growth restriction results in metabolic programming that may increase the risk of metabolic syndrome and, consequently, of cardiovascular morbidity in the adult. In addition, fetal growth restriction is strongly associated with fetal cardiac and arterial remodeling and a subclinical state of cardiovascular dysfunction. The cardiovascular effects ocurring in fetal life, includes cardiac morphology changes, subclinical myocardial dysfunction, arterial remodeling, and impaired endothelial function, persist into childhood and adolescence. Importantly, these changes have been described in all clinical presentations of fetal growth restriction, from severe early- to milder late-onset forms. In this review we summarize the current evidence on the cardiovascular effects of fetal growth restriction, from subcellular to organ structure and function as well as from fetal to early postnatal life. Future research needs to elucidate whether and how early life cardiovascular remodeling persists into adulthood and determines the increased cardiovascular mortality rate described in epidemiologic studies.
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Schipke J, Gonzalez-Tendero A, Cornejo L, Willführ A, Bijnens B, Crispi F, Mühlfeld C, Gratacós E. Experimentally induced intrauterine growth restriction in rabbits leads to differential remodelling of left versus right ventricular myocardial microstructure. Histochem Cell Biol 2017; 148:557-567. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-017-1587-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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22
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Figueroa H, Alvarado C, Cifuentes J, Lozano M, Rocco J, Cabezas C, Illanes SE, Eixarch E, Hernández-Andrade E, Gratacós E, Irarrazabal CE. Oxidative damage and nitric oxide synthase induction by surgical uteroplacental circulation restriction in the rabbit fetal heart. Prenat Diagn 2017; 37:453-459. [DOI: 10.1002/pd.5031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Horacio Figueroa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine; Universidad de los Andes; Santiago Chile
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine; Clinica Davila; Santiago Chile
| | - Cristobal Alvarado
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences; Universidad San Sebastián; Concepción Chile
- Faculty of Medicine; Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción; Concepción Chile
| | - Jorge Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Integrativa Molecular, Facultad de Medicina; Universidad de los Andes; Santiago Chile
| | - Mauricio Lozano
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Integrativa Molecular, Facultad de Medicina; Universidad de los Andes; Santiago Chile
| | - Jocelyn Rocco
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Integrativa Molecular, Facultad de Medicina; Universidad de los Andes; Santiago Chile
| | - Claudia Cabezas
- Faculty of Medicine; Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción; Concepción Chile
| | - Sebastian E. Illanes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine; Universidad de los Andes; Santiago Chile
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine; Clinica Davila; Santiago Chile
| | - Elisenda Eixarch
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine; Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetrícia i Neonatologia, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; Barcelona Spain
| | - Edgar Hernández-Andrade
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine; Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetrícia i Neonatologia, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; Barcelona Spain
- National Institute of Perinatal Medicine; Mexico City Mexico
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine; Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetrícia i Neonatologia, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; Barcelona Spain
| | - Carlos E. Irarrazabal
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Integrativa Molecular, Facultad de Medicina; Universidad de los Andes; Santiago Chile
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Camprubí Camprubí M, Balada Caballé R, Ortega Cano JA, Ortega de la Torre MDLA, Duran Fernández-Feijoo C, Girabent-Farrés M, Figueras-Aloy J, Krauel X, Alcántara S. Learning and memory disabilities in IUGR babies: Functional and molecular analysis in a rat model. Brain Behav 2017; 7:e00631. [PMID: 28293472 PMCID: PMC5346519 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION 1Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is the failure of the fetus to achieve its inherent growth potential, and it has frequently been associated with neurodevelopmental problems in childhood. Neurological disorders are mostly associated with IUGR babies with an abnormally high cephalization index (CI) and a brain sparing effect. However, a similar correlation has never been demonstrated in an animal model. The aim of this study was to determine the correlations between CI, functional deficits in learning and memory and alterations in synaptic proteins in a rat model of IUGR. METHODS 2Utero-placental insufficiency was induced by meso-ovarian vessel cauterization (CMO) in pregnant rats at embryonic day 17 (E17). Learning performance in an aquatic learning test was evaluated 25 days after birth and during 10 days. Some synaptic proteins were analyzed (PSD95, Synaptophysin) by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS 3Placental insufficiency in CMO pups was associated with spatial memory deficits, which are correlated with a CI above the normal range. CMO pups presented altered levels of synaptic proteins PSD95 and synaptophysin in the hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS 4The results of this study suggest that learning disabilities may be associated with altered development of excitatory neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. Although interspecific differences in fetal response to placental insufficiency should be taken into account, the translation of these data to humans suggest that both IUGR babies and babies with a normal birth weight but with intrauterine Doppler alterations and abnormal CI should be closely followed to detect neurodevelopmental alterations during the postnatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Camprubí Camprubí
- Neonatology Service Sant Joan de Déu BCNatal Hospital Sant Joan de Déu i Clínic University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Rafel Balada Caballé
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics School of Medicine University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Juan A Ortega Cano
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics School of Medicine University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain; Present address: Department of Neurology Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL 60611 USA
| | | | | | | | - Josep Figueras-Aloy
- Neonatology Service Sant Joan de Déu BCNatal Hospital Sant Joan de Déu i Clínic University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Xavier Krauel
- Neonatology Service Sant Joan de Déu BCNatal Hospital Sant Joan de Déu i Clínic University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Soledad Alcántara
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics School of Medicine University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
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Lopez-Tello J, Arias-Alvarez M, Jimenez-Martinez MA, Garcia-Garcia RM, Rodriguez M, Lorenzo Gonzalez PL, Bermejo-Poza R, Gonzalez-Bulnes A, Garcia Rebollar P. Competition for Materno-Fetal Resource Partitioning in a Rabbit Model of Undernourished Pregnancy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169194. [PMID: 28046002 PMCID: PMC5207739 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The major goal of animal production is to obtain abundant and healthy meat for consumers. Maternal food restriction (MFR) is often applied in farms to reduce production costs. However, the suitability of MFR in livestock animals is questionable, as this management may compromise maternal fitness due to a severe negative energetic balance and can induce Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) and prenatal programming in the offspring. Here, we sought to determine, using pregnant rabbits, the consequences of MFR on maternal endocrine and metabolic status and conceptus development. Pregnant dams were distributed into three groups: CONTROL (ad libitum feeding throughout the entire pregnancy; mean pregnancy length being around 31 days), UNDERFED (50% MFR during the entire pregnancy) and EARLY-UNDERFED (50% MFR only during the preimplantation period, Days 0–7). Maternal leptin concentrations and glycemic and lipid profiles were determined throughout pregnancy, whilst conceptus development was assessed ex-vivo at Day 28. Placental parameters were determined by macroscopic and histological evaluations and apoptotic assessments (TUNEL and Caspase-3). The main results of the study showed that, despite MFR altered maternal plasma lipid concentration (P<0.05), there were no effects on maternal bodyweight, plasma leptin concentration or glycemic profile. Fetal crown-rump lengths were reduced in both undernourished groups (P<0.001), but a significant reduction in fetal weight was only observed in the UNDERFED group (P<0.001). Growth in both undernourished groups was asymmetrical, with reduced liver weight (P<0.001) and significantly increased brain: fetal weight-ratio (P<0.001) and brain: liver weight-ratio (P<0.001) when compared to the CONTROL group. A significant reduction in placental weight was only observed in the UNDERFED group (P<0.001), despite both undernourished groups showing higher apoptotic rates at decidua and labyrinth zone (P<0.05) than the CONTROL group. Thus, these groups evidenced signs of placental degeneration, necrosis and stromal collapse. In summary, MFR may encourage the mother to make strategic decisions to safeguard her metabolic status and fitness at the expense of growth reduction in the litter, resulting in enhanced apoptotic and pathological processes at placental level and IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Lopez-Tello
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Maria Arias-Alvarez
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Angeles Jimenez-Martinez
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Maria Garcia-Garcia
- Department of Physiology (Animal Physiology), Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Rodriguez
- Department of Agrarian Production, E.T.S.I.A.A.B. Polytechnic University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Luis Lorenzo Gonzalez
- Department of Physiology (Animal Physiology), Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruben Bermejo-Poza
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Pilar Garcia Rebollar
- Department of Agrarian Production, E.T.S.I.A.A.B. Polytechnic University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain
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Hunter DS, Hazel SJ, Kind KL, Owens JA, Pitcher JB, Gatford KL. Programming the brain: Common outcomes and gaps in knowledge from animal studies of IUGR. Physiol Behav 2016; 164:233-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Figueroa H, Cifuentes J, Lozano M, Alvarado C, Cabezas C, Eixarch E, Fernández E, Contreras L, Illanes SE, Hernández-Andrade E, Gratacós E, Irarrazabal CE. Nitric oxide synthase and changes in oxidative stress levels in embryonic kidney observed in a rabbit model of intrauterine growth restriction. Prenat Diagn 2016; 36:628-35. [PMID: 27109011 DOI: 10.1002/pd.4829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This work aimed to study the effect of uteroplacental circulation restriction on endothelial kidney damage in a fetal rabbit model. METHODS New Zealand rabbits were subjected to 40% to 50% of uteroplacental artery ligation at day 25 of pregnancy. After 5 days, surviving fetuses were harvested by cesarean section. The gene and protein expressions of selected enzymes associated with nitric oxide production and oxidative stress were analyzed in fetal kidney homogenates. RESULTS The placenta weight (6.06 ± 0.27, p < 0.0319) and fetal body (19.90 ± 1.03, p < 0.0001) were significantly reduced in the uteroplacental circulation restriction group. The kidneys from restricted fetuses presented a mild vascular congestion and glomerular capillary congestion, without inflammation or hypertrophy. We found endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation inhibition (0.23 ± 0.13, p < 0.012) and arginase-2 (0.29 ± 0.14, p < 0.023) protein induction in fetal kidneys of the circulation restriction group. Finally, the kidneys from circulation-restricted fetuses showed increased inducible nitric oxide synthase messenger RNA (mRNA) (2.68 ± 0.24, p < 0.01) and reduced heme oxygenase-1 mRNA (23 ± 1.3, p < 0.003), with increased reactive oxygen species (1.69 ± 0.09, p < 0.001) and nitrotyrosine protein (1.74 ± 0.28, p < 0.003) levels, without changes in Nox mRNA. CONCLUSION We describe significant deregulation of vascular activity and oxidative damage in kidneys of fetal rabbits that have been exposed to restriction of the uterine circulation. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horacio Figueroa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Cifuentes
- Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Lozano
- Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristobal Alvarado
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile
| | - Claudia Cabezas
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Elisenda Eixarch
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ellio Fernández
- Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Contreras
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastian E Illanes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Edgar Hernández-Andrade
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos E Irarrazabal
- Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
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Simões RV, Muñoz-Moreno E, Carbajo RJ, González-Tendero A, Illa M, Sanz-Cortés M, Pineda-Lucena A, Gratacós E. In Vivo Detection of Perinatal Brain Metabolite Changes in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR). PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26208165 PMCID: PMC4514800 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a risk factor for abnormal neurodevelopment. We studied a rabbit model of IUGR by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS), to assess in vivo brain structural and metabolic consequences, and identify potential metabolic biomarkers for clinical translation. Methods IUGR was induced in 3 pregnant rabbits at gestational day 25, by 40–50% uteroplacental vessel ligation in one horn; the contralateral horn was used as control. Fetuses were delivered at day 30 and weighted. A total of 6 controls and 5 IUGR pups underwent T2-w MRI and localized proton MRS within the first 8 hours of life, at 7T. Changes in brain tissue volumes and respective contributions to each MRS voxel were estimated by semi-automated registration of MRI images with a digital atlas of the rabbit brain. MRS data were used for: (i) absolute metabolite quantifications, using linear fitting; (ii) local temperature estimations, based on the water chemical shift; and (iii) classification, using spectral pattern analysis. Results Lower birth weight was associated with (i) smaller brain sizes, (ii) slightly lower brain temperatures, and (iii) differential metabolite profile changes in specific regions of the brain parenchyma. Specifically, we found estimated lower levels of aspartate and N-acetylaspartate (NAA) in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus (suggesting neuronal impairment), and higher glycine levels in the striatum (possible marker of brain injury). Our results also suggest that the metabolic changes in cortical regions are more prevalent than those detected in hippocampus and striatum. Conclusions IUGR was associated with brain metabolic changes in vivo, which correlate well with the neurostructural changes and neurodevelopment problems described in IUGR. Metabolic parameters could constitute non invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis and abnormal neurodevelopment of perinatal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui V. Simões
- BCNatal—Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emma Muñoz-Moreno
- BCNatal—Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rodrigo J. Carbajo
- Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Anna González-Tendero
- BCNatal—Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Illa
- BCNatal—Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Magdalena Sanz-Cortés
- BCNatal—Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Pineda-Lucena
- Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- BCNatal—Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Lim SY, Tyan YS, Chao YP, Nien FY, Weng JC. New insights into the developing rabbit brain using diffusion tensor tractography and generalized q-sampling MRI. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119932. [PMID: 25798595 PMCID: PMC4370884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of modern neuroimaging methods to characterize the complex anatomy of brain development at different stages reveals an enormous wealth of information in understanding this highly ordered process and provides clues to detect neurological and neurobehavioral disorders that have their origin in early structural and functional cerebral maturation. Non-invasive diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DTI) is able to distinguish cerebral microscopic structures, especially in the white matter regions. However, DTI is unable to resolve the complicated neural structure, i.e., the fiber crossing that is frequently observed during the maturation process. To overcome this limitation, several methods have been proposed. One such method, generalized q-sampling imaging (GQI), can be applied to a variety of datasets, including the single shell, multi-shell or grid sampling schemes that are believed to be able to resolve the complicated crossing fibers. Rabbits have been widely used for neurodevelopment research because they exhibit human-like timing of perinatal brain white matter maturation. Here, we present a longitudinal study using both DTI and GQI to demonstrate the changes in cerebral maturation of in vivo developing rabbit brains over a period of 40 weeks. Fractional anisotropy (FA) of DTI and generalized fractional anisotropy (GFA) of GQI indices demonstrated that the white matter anisotropy increased with age, with GFA exhibiting an increase in the hippocampus as well. Normalized quantitative anisotropy (NQA) of GQI also revealed an increase in the hippocampus, allowing us to observe the changes in gray matter as well. Regional and whole brain DTI tractography also demonstrated refinement in fiber pathway architecture with maturation. We concluded that DTI and GQI results were able to characterize the white matter anisotropy changes, whereas GQI provided further information about the gray matter hippocampus area. This developing rabbit brain DTI and GQI database could also be used for educational purposes and neuroscience investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Yong Lim
- School of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yeu-Sheng Tyan
- School of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Chao
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Graduate Institute of Medical Mechatronics, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Nien
- School of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Cheng Weng
- School of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Torre I, González-Tendero A, García-Cañadilla P, Crispi F, García-García F, Bijnens B, Iruretagoyena I, Dopazo J, Amat-Roldán I, Gratacós E. Permanent cardiac sarcomere changes in a rabbit model of intrauterine growth restriction. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113067. [PMID: 25402351 PMCID: PMC4234642 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) induces fetal cardiac remodelling and dysfunction, which persists postnatally and may explain the link between low birth weight and increased cardiovascular mortality in adulthood. However, the cellular and molecular bases for these changes are still not well understood. We tested the hypothesis that IUGR is associated with structural and functional gene expression changes in the fetal sarcomere cytoarchitecture, which remain present in adulthood. METHODS AND RESULTS IUGR was induced in New Zealand pregnant rabbits by selective ligation of the utero-placental vessels. Fetal echocardiography demonstrated more globular hearts and signs of cardiac dysfunction in IUGR. Second harmonic generation microscopy (SHGM) showed shorter sarcomere length and shorter A-band and thick-thin filament interaction lengths, that were already present in utero and persisted at 70 postnatal days (adulthood). Sarcomeric M-band (GO: 0031430) functional term was over-represented in IUGR fetal hearts. CONCLUSION The results suggest that IUGR induces cardiac dysfunction and permanent changes on the sarcomere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iratxe Torre
- BCNatal – Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna González-Tendero
- BCNatal – Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia García-Cañadilla
- BCNatal – Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
- Physense, Departament de Tecnologies de la Informació i les Comunicacions (DTIC), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fátima Crispi
- BCNatal – Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco García-García
- Bioinformatics Department, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe (CIPF), Valencia, Spain
- Functional Genomics Node, INB, CIPF, Valencia, Spain
| | - Bart Bijnens
- ICREA, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Igor Iruretagoyena
- BCNatal – Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquin Dopazo
- Bioinformatics Department, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe (CIPF), Valencia, Spain
- Functional Genomics Node, INB, CIPF, Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), CIPF, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ivan Amat-Roldán
- BCNatal – Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- BCNatal – Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, and Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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30
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Hernández-Andrade E, Cortés-Camberos AJ, Díaz NF, Flores-Herrera H, García-López G, González-Jiménez M, Santamaría A, Molina-Hernández A. Altered levels of brain neurotransmitter from new born rabbits with intrauterine restriction. Neurosci Lett 2014; 584:60-5. [PMID: 25304540 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Fetal intrauterine growth restriction generates chronic hypoxia due to placental insufficiency. Despite the hemodynamic process of blood flow, redistributions are taking place in key organs such as the fetal brain during intrauterine growth restriction, in order to maintain oxygen and nutrients supply. The risk of short- and long-term neurological effects are still present in hypoxic offspring. Most studies previously reported the effect of hypoxia on the levels of a single neurotransmitter, making it difficult to have a better understanding of the relationship among neurotransmitter levels and the defects reported in products that suffer intrauterine growth restriction, such as motor development, coordination and execution of movement, and the learning-memory process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, dopamine and serotonin in three structures of the brain related to the above-mentioned function such as the cerebral cortex, the striatum, and the hippocampus in the chronic hypoxic newborn rabbit model. Our results showed a significant increase in glutamate and dopamine levels in all studied brain structures and a significant decrease in gamma-aminobutyric acid levels but only in the striatum, suggesting that the imbalance on the levels of several neurotransmitters could be involved in new born brain damage due to perinatal hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hernández-Andrade
- Dirección de Investigación Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, 11000, Mexico.
| | - A J Cortés-Camberos
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, 14269, Mexico.
| | - N F Díaz
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, 11000, Mexico.
| | - H Flores-Herrera
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, 11000, Mexico.
| | - G García-López
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, 11000, Mexico.
| | - M González-Jiménez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, 11000, Mexico.
| | - A Santamaría
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, 14269, Mexico.
| | - A Molina-Hernández
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, 11000, Mexico.
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Batalle D, Muñoz-Moreno E, Arbat-Plana A, Illa M, Figueras F, Eixarch E, Gratacos E. Long-term reorganization of structural brain networks in a rabbit model of intrauterine growth restriction. Neuroimage 2014; 100:24-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Tarrade A, Lecarpentier E, Gil S, Morel O, Zahr N, Dahirel M, Tsatsaris V, Chavatte-Palmer P. Analysis of placental vascularization in a pharmacological rabbit model of IUGR induced by l-NAME, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. Placenta 2014; 35:254-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2014.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hernandez-Andrade E, Ahn H, Szalai G, Korzeniewski SJ, Wang B, King M, Chaiworapongsa T, Than NG, Romero R. Evaluation of utero-placental and fetal hemodynamic parameters throughout gestation in pregnant mice using high-frequency ultrasound. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2014; 40:351-360. [PMID: 24342911 PMCID: PMC4179107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2013.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Throughout gestation, changes in maternal and fetal Doppler parameters in pregnant mice, similar to those obtained in human fetuses, were detected using high-frequency ultrasound with a 55-MHz linear probe. In the uterine arteries (UtA), fetal umbilical artery (UA) and fetal ductus venosus (DV) peak systolic velocity increased (UtA, p = 0.04; UA, p = 0.0004; DV, p = 0.02), end-diastolic velocity increased (UtA, p < 0.001; UA, p < 0.0001; DV, p = 0.01) and resistance index decreased (UtA, p = 0.0004; UA, p = 0.0001; DV, p = 0.04) toward the end of pregnancy. In the middle cerebral and carotid arteries, end diastolic velocity increased (p = 0.02 and p < 0.0001) and resistance index decreased (both vessels, p < 0.0001). There was a reduction in the pulsatile pattern in the umbilical vein (p < 0.05). The increased velocities and reduced resistance index suggest a progressive increment in blood flow to the fetal mouse toward the end of pregnancy. Fetal and utero-placental vascular parameters in CD-1 mice can be reliably evaluated using high-frequency ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Hernandez-Andrade
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Hyunyoung Ahn
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Gabor Szalai
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Steven J Korzeniewski
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Bing Wang
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Mary King
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Nandor Gabor Than
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI, USA
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Gonzalez-Tendero A, Torre I, Garcia-Canadilla P, Crispi F, García-García F, Dopazo J, Bijnens B, Gratacós E. Intrauterine growth restriction is associated with cardiac ultrastructural and gene expression changes related to the energetic metabolism in a rabbit model. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2013; 305:H1752-60. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00514.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects 7–10% of pregnancies and is associated with cardiovascular remodeling and dysfunction, which persists into adulthood. The underlying subcellular remodeling and cardiovascular programming events are still poorly documented. Cardiac muscle is central in the fetal adaptive mechanism to IUGR given its high energetic demands. The energetic homeostasis depends on the correct interaction of several molecular pathways and the adequate arrangement of intracellular energetic units (ICEUs), where mitochondria interact with the contractile machinery and the main cardiac ATPases to enable a quick and efficient energy transfer. We studied subcellular cardiac adaptations to IUGR in an experimental rabbit model. We evaluated the ultrastructure of ICEUs with transmission electron microscopy and observed an altered spatial arrangement in IUGR, with significant increases in cytosolic space between mitochondria and myofilaments. A global decrease of mitochondrial density was also observed. In addition, we conducted a global gene expression profile by advanced bioinformatics tools to assess the expression of genes involved in the cardiomyocyte energetic metabolism and identified four gene modules with a coordinated over-representation in IUGR: oxygen homeostasis (GO: 0032364), mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I (GO:0005747), oxidative phosphorylation (GO: 0006119), and NADH dehydrogenase activity (GO:0003954). These findings might contribute to changes in energetic homeostasis in IUGR. The potential persistence and role of these changes in long-term cardiovascular programming deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gonzalez-Tendero
- Fetal and Perinatal Medicine Research Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iratxe Torre
- Fetal and Perinatal Medicine Research Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Hospital Clinic-University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Garcia-Canadilla
- Fetal and Perinatal Medicine Research Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA-PhySense, N-RAS, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fátima Crispi
- Fetal and Perinatal Medicine Research Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Hospital Clinic-University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetrícia i Neonatologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco García-García
- Bioinformatics Department, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
- Functional Genomics Node, INB, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Valencia, Spain; and
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Joaquin Dopazo
- Bioinformatics Department, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
- Functional Genomics Node, INB, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Valencia, Spain; and
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Bart Bijnens
- ICREA-PhySense, N-RAS, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- Fetal and Perinatal Medicine Research Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Hospital Clinic-University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetrícia i Neonatologia, Barcelona, Spain
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DeKoninck P, Endo M, Sandaite I, Richter J, De Catte L, Van Calster B, Toelen J, Himmelreich U, Claus F, Deprest J. A pictorial essay on fetal rabbit anatomy using micro-ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Prenat Diagn 2013; 34:84-9. [DOI: 10.1002/pd.4259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip DeKoninck
- Organ systems cluster, Department of Development and Regeneration; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Center for Surgical Technologies; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Masayuki Endo
- Organ systems cluster, Department of Development and Regeneration; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Center for Surgical Technologies; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Inga Sandaite
- Organ systems cluster, Department of Development and Regeneration; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Department of Radiology; University Hospitals Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Jute Richter
- Organ systems cluster, Department of Development and Regeneration; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Center for Surgical Technologies; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Luc De Catte
- Organ systems cluster, Department of Development and Regeneration; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Center for Surgical Technologies; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Ben Van Calster
- Organ systems cluster, Department of Development and Regeneration; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Jaan Toelen
- Organ systems cluster, Department of Development and Regeneration; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Center for Surgical Technologies; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Uwe Himmelreich
- Biomedical MRI cluster, Department of Imaging and Pathology; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Filip Claus
- Department of Radiology; University Hospitals Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Jan Deprest
- Organ systems cluster, Department of Development and Regeneration; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Center for Surgical Technologies; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
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36
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Illa M, Eixarch E, Batalle D, Arbat-Plana A, Muñoz-Moreno E, Figueras F, Gratacos E. Long-term functional outcomes and correlation with regional brain connectivity by MRI diffusion tractography metrics in a near-term rabbit model of intrauterine growth restriction. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76453. [PMID: 24143189 PMCID: PMC3797044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects 5-10% of all newborns and is associated with increased risk of memory, attention and anxiety problems in late childhood and adolescence. The neurostructural correlates of long-term abnormal neurodevelopment associated with IUGR are unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive description of the long-term functional and neurostructural correlates of abnormal neurodevelopment associated with IUGR in a near-term rabbit model (delivered at 30 days of gestation) and evaluate the development of quantitative imaging biomarkers of abnormal neurodevelopment based on diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters and connectivity. METHODOLOGY At +70 postnatal days, 10 cases and 11 controls were functionally evaluated with the Open Field Behavioral Test which evaluates anxiety and attention and the Object Recognition Task that evaluates short-term memory and attention. Subsequently, brains were collected, fixed and a high resolution MRI was performed. Differences in diffusion parameters were analyzed by means of voxel-based and connectivity analysis measuring the number of fibers reconstructed within anxiety, attention and short-term memory networks over the total fibers. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The results of the neurobehavioral and cognitive assessment showed a significant higher degree of anxiety, attention and memory problems in cases compared to controls in most of the variables explored. Voxel-based analysis (VBA) revealed significant differences between groups in multiple brain regions mainly in grey matter structures, whereas connectivity analysis demonstrated lower ratios of fibers within the networks in cases, reaching the statistical significance only in the left hemisphere for both networks. Finally, VBA and connectivity results were also correlated with functional outcome. CONCLUSIONS The rabbit model used reproduced long-term functional impairments and their neurostructural correlates of abnormal neurodevelopment associated with IUGR. The description of the pattern of microstructural changes underlying functional defects may help to develop biomarkers based in diffusion MRI and connectivity analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Illa
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia (ICGON), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
- Fetal and Perinatal Medicine Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisenda Eixarch
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia (ICGON), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
- Fetal and Perinatal Medicine Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dafnis Batalle
- Fetal and Perinatal Medicine Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ariadna Arbat-Plana
- Fetal and Perinatal Medicine Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emma Muñoz-Moreno
- Fetal and Perinatal Medicine Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Figueras
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia (ICGON), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
- Fetal and Perinatal Medicine Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gratacos
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia (ICGON), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
- Fetal and Perinatal Medicine Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
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37
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Muñoz-Moreno E, Arbat-Plana A, Batalle D, Soria G, Illa M, Prats-Galino A, Eixarch E, Gratacos E. A magnetic resonance image based atlas of the rabbit brain for automatic parcellation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67418. [PMID: 23844007 PMCID: PMC3699590 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabbit brain has been used in several works for the analysis of neurodevelopment. However, there are not specific digital rabbit brain atlases that allow an automatic identification of brain regions, which is a crucial step for various neuroimage analyses, and, instead, manual delineation of areas of interest must be performed in order to evaluate a specific structure. For this reason, we propose an atlas of the rabbit brain based on magnetic resonance imaging, including both structural and diffusion weighted, that can be used for the automatic parcellation of the rabbit brain. Ten individual atlases, as well as an average template and probabilistic maps of the anatomical regions were built. In addition, an example of automatic segmentation based on this atlas is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Muñoz-Moreno
- Fetal and Perinatal Medicine Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
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38
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Hodges R, Endo M, La Gerche A, Eixarch E, DeKoninck P, Ferferieva V, D'hooge J, Wallace EM, Deprest J. Fetal echocardiography and pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasound in a rabbit model of intrauterine growth restriction. J Vis Exp 2013. [PMID: 23852345 DOI: 10.3791/50392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Fetal intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) results in abnormal cardiac function that is apparent antenatally due to advances in fetoplacental Doppler ultrasound and fetal echocardiography. Increasingly, these imaging modalities are being employed clinically to examine cardiac function and assess wellbeing in utero, thereby guiding timing of birth decisions. Here, we used a rabbit model of IUGR that allows analysis of cardiac function in a clinically relevant way. Using isoflurane induced anesthesia, IUGR is surgically created at gestational age day 25 by performing a laparotomy, exposing the bicornuate uterus and then ligating 40-50% of uteroplacental vessels supplying each gestational sac in a single uterine horn. The other horn in the rabbit bicornuate uterus serves as internal control fetuses. Then, after recovery at gestational age day 30 (full term), the same rabbit undergoes examination of fetal cardiac function. Anesthesia is induced with ketamine and xylazine intramuscularly, then maintained by a continuous intravenous infusion of ketamine and xylazine to minimize iatrogenic effects on fetal cardiac function. A repeat laparotomy is performed to expose each gestational sac and a microultrasound examination (VisualSonics VEVO 2100) of fetal cardiac function is performed. Placental insufficiency is evident by a raised pulsatility index or an absent or reversed end diastolic flow of the umbilical artery Doppler waveform. The ductus venosus and middle cerebral artery Doppler is then examined. Fetal echocardiography is performed by recording B mode, M mode and flow velocity waveforms in lateral and apical views. Offline calculations determine standard M-mode cardiac variables, tricuspid and mitral annular plane systolic excursion, speckle tracking and strain analysis, modified myocardial performance index and vascular flow velocity waveforms of interest. This small animal model of IUGR therefore affords examination of in utero cardiac function that is consistent with current clinical practice and is therefore useful in a translational research setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Hodges
- Division Woman and Child, Department Women, University Hospitals Leuven.
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van Vliet E, Eixarch E, Illa M, Arbat-Plana A, González-Tendero A, Hogberg HT, Zhao L, Hartung T, Gratacos E. Metabolomics reveals metabolic alterations by intrauterine growth restriction in the fetal rabbit brain. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64545. [PMID: 23724060 PMCID: PMC3664640 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) due to placental insufficiency occurs in 5–10% of pregnancies and is a major risk factor for abnormal neurodevelopment. The perinatal diagnosis of IUGR related abnormal neurodevelopment represents a major challenge in fetal medicine. The development of clinical biomarkers is considered a promising approach, but requires the identification of biochemical/molecular alterations by IUGR in the fetal brain. This targeted metabolomics study in a rabbit IUGR model aimed to obtain mechanistic insight into the effects of IUGR on the fetal brain and identify metabolite candidates for biomarker development. Methodology/Principal Findings At gestation day 25, IUGR was induced in two New Zealand rabbits by 40–50% uteroplacental vessel ligation in one horn and the contralateral horn was used as control. At day 30, fetuses were delivered by Cesarian section, weighed and brains collected for metabolomics analysis. Results showed that IUGR fetuses had a significantly lower birth and brain weight compared to controls. Metabolomics analysis using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) and database matching identified 78 metabolites. Comparison of metabolite intensities using a t-test demonstrated that 18 metabolites were significantly different between control and IUGR brain tissue, including neurotransmitters/peptides, amino acids, fatty acids, energy metabolism intermediates and oxidative stress metabolites. Principle component and hierarchical cluster analysis showed cluster formations that clearly separated control from IUGR brain tissue samples, revealing the potential to develop predictive biomarkers. Moreover birth weight and metabolite intensity correlations indicated that the extent of alterations was dependent on the severity of IUGR. Conclusions IUGR leads to metabolic alterations in the fetal rabbit brain, involving neuronal viability, energy metabolism, amino acid levels, fatty acid profiles and oxidative stress mechanisms. Overall findings identified aspargine, ornithine, N-acetylaspartylglutamic acid, N-acetylaspartate and palmitoleic acid as potential metabolite candidates to develop clinical biomarkers for the perinatal diagnosis of IUGR related abnormal neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin van Vliet
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia (ICGON), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisenda Eixarch
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia (ICGON), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Illa
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia (ICGON), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ariadna Arbat-Plana
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia (ICGON), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna González-Tendero
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia (ICGON), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helena T. Hogberg
- Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Science, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Liang Zhao
- Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Science, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Thomas Hartung
- Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Science, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Eduard Gratacos
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia (ICGON), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Figueroa H, Lozano M, Suazo C, Eixarch E, Illanes SE, Carreño JE, Villanueva S, Hernández-Andrade E, Gratacós E, Irarrazabal CE. Intrauterine growth restriction modifies the normal gene expression in kidney from rabbit fetuses. Early Hum Dev 2012; 88:899-904. [PMID: 22944138 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2012.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Revised: 06/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the effect of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) on fetal kidneys. The IUGR was induced by uteroplacental vessels ligature in a model of pregnant rabbit. We centralized the study in the gene expression of essential proteins for fetal kidney development and kidney protection against hypoxia, osmotic stress, and kidney injury. The gene expression of HIF-1α, NFAT5, IL-1β, NGAL, and ATM were studied by qRT-PCR and Western blot in kidneys from control and IUGR fetuses. Experimental IUGR fetuses were significantly smaller than the control animals (39 vs. 48 g, p<0.05). The number of glomeruli was decreased in IUGR kidneys, without morphological alterations. IUGR increased the gene expression of HIF-1α, NFAT5, IL-1β, NGAL, and ATM (p<0.05) in kidneys of fetuses undergoing IUGR, suggesting that fetal blood flow restriction produce alterations in gene expression in fetal kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horacio Figueroa
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
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Fischer B, Chavatte-Palmer P, Viebahn C, Navarrete Santos A, Duranthon V. Rabbit as a reproductive model for human health. Reproduction 2012; 144:1-10. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-12-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The renaissance of the laboratory rabbit as a reproductive model for human health is closely related to the growing evidence of periconceptional metabolic programming and its determining effects on offspring and adult health. Advantages of rabbit reproduction are the exact timing of fertilization and pregnancy stages, high cell numbers and yield in blastocysts, relatively late implantation at a time when gastrulation is already proceeding, detailed morphologic and molecular knowledge on gastrulation stages, and a hemochorial placenta structured similarly to the human placenta. To understand, for example, the mechanisms of periconceptional programming and its effects on metabolic health in adulthood, these advantages help to elucidate even subtle changes in metabolism and development during the pre- and peri-implantation period and during gastrulation in individual embryos. Gastrulation represents a central turning point in ontogenesis in which a limited number of cells program the development of the three germ layers and, hence, the embryo proper. Newly developed transgenic and molecular tools offer promising chances for further scientific progress to be attained with this reproductive model species.
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Neonatal neurobehavior and diffusion MRI changes in brain reorganization due to intrauterine growth restriction in a rabbit model. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31497. [PMID: 22347486 PMCID: PMC3275591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects 5–10% of all newborns and is associated with a high risk of abnormal neurodevelopment. The timing and patterns of brain reorganization underlying IUGR are poorly documented. We developed a rabbit model of IUGR allowing neonatal neurobehavioral assessment and high resolution brain diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of the study was to describe the pattern and functional correlates of fetal brain reorganization induced by IUGR. Methodology/Principal Findings IUGR was induced in 10 New Zealand fetal rabbits by ligation of 40–50% of uteroplacental vessels in one horn at 25 days of gestation. Ten contralateral horn fetuses were used as controls. Cesarean section was performed at 30 days (term 31 days). At postnatal day +1, neonates were assessed by validated neurobehavioral tests including evaluation of tone, spontaneous locomotion, reflex motor activity, motor responses to olfactory stimuli, and coordination of suck and swallow. Subsequently, brains were collected and fixed and MRI was performed using a high resolution acquisition scheme. Global and regional (manual delineation and voxel based analysis) diffusion tensor imaging parameters were analyzed. IUGR was associated with significantly poorer neurobehavioral performance in most domains. Voxel based analysis revealed fractional anisotropy (FA) differences in multiple brain regions of gray and white matter, including frontal, insular, occipital and temporal cortex, hippocampus, putamen, thalamus, claustrum, medial septal nucleus, anterior commissure, internal capsule, fimbria of hippocampus, medial lemniscus and olfactory tract. Regional FA changes were correlated with poorer outcome in neurobehavioral tests. Conclusions IUGR is associated with a complex pattern of brain reorganization already at birth, which may open opportunities for early intervention. Diffusion MRI can offer suitable imaging biomarkers to characterize and monitor brain reorganization due to fetal diseases.
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Impact on fetal mortality and cardiovascular Doppler of selective ligature of uteroplacental vessels compared with undernutrition in a rabbit model of intrauterine growth restriction. Placenta 2011; 32:304-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2011.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2010] [Revised: 01/15/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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