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Wang Y, Deng X, Zhang R, Lyu H, Xiao S, Guo D, Ali DW, Michalak M, Zhou C, Chen XZ, Tang J. The TRPV6 Calcium Channel and Its Relationship with Cancer. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:168. [PMID: 38534438 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid-6 (TRPV6) is a cation channel belonging to the TRP superfamily, specifically the vanilloid subfamily, and is the sixth member of this subfamily. Its presence in the body is primarily limited to the skin, ovaries, kidney, testes, and digestive tract epithelium. The body maintains calcium homeostasis using the TRPV6 channel, which has a greater calcium selectivity than the other TRP channels. Several pieces of evidence suggest that it is upregulated in the advanced stages of thyroid, ovarian, breast, colon, and prostate cancers. The function of TRPV6 in regulating calcium signaling in cancer will be covered in this review, along with its potential applications as a cancer treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Wang
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Xiaoling Deng
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Hao Lyu
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Shuai Xiao
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Dong Guo
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Declan William Ali
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Marek Michalak
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Cefan Zhou
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Xing-Zhen Chen
- Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Jingfeng Tang
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
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Malsy M, Graf B, Bruendl E, Maier-Stocker C, Bundscherer A. Effect of NFATc2- and Sp1-mediated TNFalpha Regulation on the Proliferation and Migration Behavior of Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2023; 20:706-711. [PMID: 38035702 PMCID: PMC10687727 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM One in two people will develop a tumor during their lifetime. Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas is one of the most aggressive types of cancer in humans with very poor long-term survival. A central role in the carcinogenesis of pancreatic cancer has been attributed to NFAT transcription factors. Previous studies have identified the transcription factor Sp1 as a binding partner of NFATc2 in pancreatic cancer. Using expression profile analysis, our group was able to identify the tumor necrosis factor TNFalpha as a target gene of the interaction between NFATc2 and Sp1. The present study investigated the effect of TNFalpha over-expression via the transcription factors NFATc2 and Sp1 on the pancreatic cancer cell lines PaTu 8988t and PANC-1. MATERIALS AND METHODS Transient transfection of NFATc2, Sp1, and TNFalpha siRNAs and their effects on the expression were investigated with immunoblot. Cell proliferation was measured with the ELISA BrdU assay. Cell migration was assayed with a Cell Migration Assay Kit using a Boyden chamber. RESULTS Inhibition of the transfection factors NFATc2, Sp1, or TNFalpha by siRNA significantly inhibited proliferation, which was exacerbated when using the combination of NFATc2 and Sp1. TNFalpha was able to counterbalance this effect. In contrast to proliferation, migration of pancreatic cancer cells was increased by inhibiting these transfection factors. CONCLUSION Tumor progression is strongly influenced by transcriptional changes in signaling cascades and oncogene mutations as well as by changes in tumor suppressor genes. Further studies are needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Malsy
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Bernhard Graf
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Bruendl
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Anika Bundscherer
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
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Ruze R, Song J, Yin X, Chen Y, Xu R, Wang C, Zhao Y. Mechanisms of obesity- and diabetes mellitus-related pancreatic carcinogenesis: a comprehensive and systematic review. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:139. [PMID: 36964133 PMCID: PMC10039087 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01376-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on obesity- and diabetes mellitus (DM)-related carcinogenesis has expanded exponentially since these two diseases were recognized as important risk factors for cancers. The growing interest in this area is prominently actuated by the increasing obesity and DM prevalence, which is partially responsible for the slight but constant increase in pancreatic cancer (PC) occurrence. PC is a highly lethal malignancy characterized by its insidious symptoms, delayed diagnosis, and devastating prognosis. The intricate process of obesity and DM promoting pancreatic carcinogenesis involves their local impact on the pancreas and concurrent whole-body systemic changes that are suitable for cancer initiation. The main mechanisms involved in this process include the excessive accumulation of various nutrients and metabolites promoting carcinogenesis directly while also aggravating mutagenic and carcinogenic metabolic disorders by affecting multiple pathways. Detrimental alterations in gastrointestinal and sex hormone levels and microbiome dysfunction further compromise immunometabolic regulation and contribute to the establishment of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) for carcinogenesis, which can be exacerbated by several crucial pathophysiological processes and TME components, such as autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and exosome secretion. This review provides a comprehensive and critical analysis of the immunometabolic mechanisms of obesity- and DM-related pancreatic carcinogenesis and dissects how metabolic disorders impair anticancer immunity and influence pathophysiological processes to favor cancer initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rexiati Ruze
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, China
| | - Jianlu Song
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, China
| | - Xinpeng Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiyuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dongdan Santiao, Beijing, China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China.
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumors, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100023, Beijing, China.
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Li S, Lee DJ, Kim HY, Kim JY, Jung YS, Jung HS. Unraveled roles of Cav1.2 in proliferation and stemness of ameloblastoma. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:145. [PMID: 36057617 PMCID: PMC9440535 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00873-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transcriptome analysis has been known as a functional tool for cancer research recently. Mounting evidence indicated that calcium signaling plays several key roles in cancer progression. Despite numerous studies examining calcium signaling in cancer, calcium signaling studies in ameloblastoma are limited. Results In the present study, comparative transcriptome profiling of two representative odontogenic lesions, ameloblastoma and odontogenic keratocyst, revealed that Cav1.2 (CACNA1C, an L-type voltage-gated calcium channel) is strongly enriched in ameloblastoma. It was confirmed that the Ca2+ influx in ameloblastoma cells is mainly mediated by Cav1.2 through L-type voltage-gated calcium channel agonist and blocking reagent treatment. Overexpression and knockdown of Cav1.2 showed that Cav1.2 is directly involved in the regulation of the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor of activated T cell 1 (NFATc1), which causes cell proliferation. Furthermore, a tumoroid study indicated that Cav1.2-dependent Ca2+ entry is also associated with the maintenance of stemness of ameloblastoma cells via the enhancement of Wnt/β-catenin signaling activity. Conclusion In conclusion, Cav1.2 regulates the NFATc1 nuclear translocation to enhance ameloblastoma cell proliferation. Furthermore, Cav1.2 dependent Ca2+ influx contributes to the Wnt/β-catenin activity for the ameloblastoma cell stemness and tumorigenicity. Our fundamental findings could have a major impact in the fields of oral maxillofacial surgery, and genetic manipulation or pharmacological approaches to Cav1.2 can be considered as new therapeutic options. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-022-00873-9.
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CAMTA1-PPP3CA-NFATc4 multi-protein complex mediates the resistance of colorectal cancer to oxaliplatin. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:129. [PMID: 35332122 PMCID: PMC8948201 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00912-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a major contributor to the worldwide prevalence of cancer-related deaths. Metastasis and chemoresistance are the two main causes for colorectal cancer treatment failure, and thus, high mortality. Calmodulin-binding transcription activator 1 (CAMTA1) is involved in tumor growth and development, but its mechanisms of action in the development of colorectal cancer and chemoresistance are poorly understood. Here, we report that Camta1 is a tumor suppressor. Immunohistochemical staining and western blotting analyses of normal and colorectal cancer tissues showed a significantly low expression of Camta1 expression in colorectal cancer tissues, when compared to adjacent normal tissues. In functional in vitro experiments, we observed that Camta1 overexpression significantly decreased the proliferation and invasion capacity of SW620 and SW480 cells, whereas Camta1 knockdown displayed a significant increase in the proliferative and invasive ability of these cells. Subsequently, we examined the effects of Camta1 overexpression and knockdown on the resistance of colorectal cancer cells to oxaliplatin, a common chemotherapeutic drug. Interestingly, the sensitivity of Camta1-overexpressed cells to oxaliplatin was increased, whereas that of Camta1-silenced cells to the same chemotherapeutic drug was decreased. Furthermore, Camta1 knockdown upregulated nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 4 (Nfatc4) mRNA, and protein levels in colorectal cancer cells and downregulated the phosphorylated NFATc4 level. By contrast, Nfatc4 knockdown reversed the resistance of colorectal cancer cells to oxaliplatin caused by Camta1 knockdown. In addition, we show that protein phosphatase 3 catalytic subunit alpha (PPP3CA) is essential for the expression and phosphorylation of NFATc4 caused by Camta1 knockdown, as well as the proliferation, invasion, and chemoresistance of colorectal cancer cells. We show that PPP3CA and CAMTA1 competitively bind to NFATc4, and Camta1 knockdown promotes the dephosphorylation of PPP3CA and suppresses the phosphorylation of NFATc4. To verify the role of CAMTA1 in oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer, we established a xenograft mouse model and show agreement between in vitro and in vivo results.
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Malsy M, Hofer V, Schmidbauer S, Graf B, Bundscherer A. Effects of Ketamine, S-Ketamine and MK 801 on Integrin Beta-3-mediated Cell Migration in Pancreatic Carcinoma. JOURNAL OF CANCER SCIENCE AND CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS 2022; 6:446-451. [PMID: 36777697 PMCID: PMC9910313 DOI: 10.26502/jcsct.5079183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the most aggressive malignancies in humans. The main reason for its unfavourable prognosis is the combination of rapid tumour growth, early-onset metastasis and currently still inadequate diagnostic and therapeutic options. Thus, only very few patients are eligible for radical resection of the primary tumour as the only curative treatment option available so far. In the perioperative period, tumour progression and metastasis are facilitated by the activation of key signalling pathways and the altered regulation of transcription factors. Various tumour entities have shown increased expression of the integrin-3 receptor subunit, which correlates with more rapid tumour progression and metastasis through advanced migration, invasion and proliferation. The influence of perioperative medication and postoperative pain management remains unclear. To investigate the effects of ketamine, s-ketamine and MK 801 on integrin beta-3-mediated cell migration in pancreatic cancer cells in vitro. Methods The effects of ketamine, s-ketamine and MK 801 on integrin beta-3 expression were investigated with immunoblot. Cell migratory potentials were analysed using a Cell Migration Assay Kit with a Boyden chamber, in which cells migrate through a semipermeable membrane under different stimuli. Results Stimulation with ketamine and MK 801 significantly promoted migration in pancreatic cancer cells, increasing the expression of integrin beta-3. Conclusion Novel therapeutic approaches target the effective modulation of specific signalling and transcription pathways. The prerequisite for such 'target therapies' is comprehensive knowledge about the respective carcinogenesis. Further studies are required to identify the underlying disease mechanisms of pancreatic carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Malsy
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
| | - Veronika Hofer
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Bernhard Graf
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anika Bundscherer
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
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Xu X, Li N, Wang Y, Yu J, Mi J. Calcium channel TRPV6 promotes breast cancer metastasis by NFATC2IP. Cancer Lett 2021; 519:150-160. [PMID: 34265397 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Calcium channel TRPV6 upregulation is associated with poor prognosis of breast cancer by promoting invasion and metastasis, and TRPV6 is a potential target for breast cancer therapy. However, the mechanism by which TRPV6 promotes breast metastasis remains unclear. Here, we report that TRPV6 expression is upregulated in metastatic breast cancers and that TRPV6 overexpression or upregulation accelerates primary breast cancer cell migration. In contrast, TRPV6 suppression decreases cell migration. Mechanistically, TRPV6 activates NFATC2 by increasing NFATC2IP phosphorylation at Ser204, and CDK5 is a candidate kinase that may perform this phosphorylation. Consequently, activated NFATC2 increases breast cancer metastasis by upregulating ADAMTS6 expression. These observations suggest that TRPV6 increases NFATC2 transcriptional activity by increasing NFATC2IP phosphorylation, which consequently upregulates ADAMTS6 expression to promote breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xu
- Basic Medical Institute, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital Jiading Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Li
- Basic Medical Institute, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yugang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, 250117, China.
| | - Jun Mi
- Basic Medical Institute, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital Jiading Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Abstract
Two decades ago a class of ion channels, hitherto unsuspected, was discovered. In mammals these Transient Receptor Potential channels (TRPs) have not only expanded in number (to 26 functional channels) but also expanded the view of our interface with the physical and chemical environment. Some are heat and cold sensors while others monitor endogenous and/or exogenous chemical signals. Some TRP channels monitor osmotic potential, and others measure cell movement, stretching, and fluid flow. Many TRP channels are major players in nociception and integration of pain signals. One member of the vanilloid sub-family of channels is TRPV6. This channel is highly selective for divalent cations, particularly calcium, and plays a part in general whole-body calcium homeostasis, capturing calcium in the gut from the diet. TRPV6 can be greatly elevated in a number of cancers deriving from epithelia and considerable study has been made of its role in the cancer phenotype where calcium control is dysfunctional. This review compiles and updates recent published work on TRPV6 as a promising drug target in a number of cancers including those afflicting breast, ovarian, prostate and pancreatic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M. Stewart
- Soricimed Biopharma Inc. 18 Botsford Street, Moncton, NB, Canada, E1C 4W7
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Haustrate A, Hantute-Ghesquier A, Prevarskaya N, Lehen’kyi V. RETRACTED: TRPV6 calcium channel regulation, downstream pathways, and therapeutic targeting in cancer. Cell Calcium 2019; 80:117-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Malsy M, Graf B, Almstedt K. The active role of the transcription factor Sp1 in NFATc2-mediated gene regulation in pancreatic cancer. BMC BIOCHEMISTRY 2019; 20:2. [PMID: 30696421 PMCID: PMC6352339 DOI: 10.1186/s12858-019-0105-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas is one of the most aggressive tumor diseases affecting the human body. The oncogenic potential of pancreatic cancer is mainly characterized by extremely rapid growth triggered by the activation of oncogenic signaling cascades, which suggests a change in the regulation of important transcription factors. Amongst others, NFAT transcription factors are assumed to play a central role in the carcinogenesis of pancreatic cancer. Recent research has shown the importance of the transcription factor Sp1 in the transcriptional activity of NFATc2 in pancreatic cancer. However, the role of the interaction between these two binding partners remains unclear. The current study investigated the role of Sp1 proteins in the expression of NFATc2 target genes and identified new target genes and their function in cells. A further objective was the domain of the Sp1 protein that mediates interaction with NFATc2. The involvement of Sp1 proteins in NFATc2 target genes was shown by means of a gene expression profile analysis, and the results were confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. The functional impact of this interaction was shown in a thymidine incorporation assay. A second objective was the physical interaction between NFATc2 and different Sp1 deletion mutants that was investigated by means of immunoprecipitation. RESULTS In pancreatic cancer, the proto-oncogene c-Fos, the tumor necrosis factor TNF-alpha, and the adhesion molecule integrin beta-3 are target genes of the interaction between Sp1 and NFATc2. Loss of just one transcription factor inhibits oncogenic complex formation and expression of cell cycle-regulating genes, thus verifiably decreasing the carcinogenic effect. The current study also showed the interaction between the transcription factor NFATc2 and the N-terminal domain of Sp1 in pancreatic cancer cells. Sp1 increases the activity of NFATc2 in the NFAT-responsive promoter. CONCLUSIONS The regulation of gene promotors during transcription is a rather complex process because of the involvement of many proteins that - as transcription factors or co-factors - regulate promotor activity as required and control cell function. NFATc2 and Sp1 seem to play a key role in the progression of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Malsy
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Franz Josef Strauss Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Graf
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Franz Josef Strauss Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Almstedt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Gonzalez LL, Garrie K, Turner MD. Type 2 diabetes - An autoinflammatory disease driven by metabolic stress. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:3805-3823. [PMID: 30251697 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes has traditionally been viewed as a metabolic disorder characterised by chronic high glucose levels, insulin resistance, and declining insulin secretion from the pancreas. Modern lifestyle, with abundant nutrient supply and reduced physical activity, has resulted in dramatic increases in the rates of obesity-associated disease conditions, including diabetes. The associated excess of nutrients induces a state of systemic low-grade chronic inflammation that results from production and secretion of inflammatory mediators from the expanded pool of activated adipocytes. Here, we review the mechanisms by which obesity induces adipose tissue dysregulation, detailing the roles of adipose tissue secreted factors and their action upon other cells and tissues central to glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, given the emerging importance of adipokines, cytokines and chemokines in disease progression, we suggest that type 2 diabetes should now be viewed as an autoinflammatory disease, albeit one that is driven by metabolic dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L Gonzalez
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
| | - Karin Garrie
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
| | - Mark D Turner
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom.
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Meng E, Shevde LA, Samant RS. Emerging roles and underlying molecular mechanisms of DNAJB6 in cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:53984-53996. [PMID: 27276715 PMCID: PMC5288237 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
DNAJB6 also known as mammalian relative of DnaJ (MRJ) encodes a highly conserved member of the DnaJ/Hsp40 family of co-chaperone proteins that function with Hsp70 chaperones. DNAJB6 is widely expressed in all tissues, with higher expression levels detected in the brain. DNAJB6 is involved in diverse cellular functions ranging from murine placental development, reducing the formation and toxicity of mis-folded protein aggregates, to self-renewal of neural stem cells. Involvement of DNAJB6 is implicated in multiple pathologies such as Huntington's disease, Parkinson's diseases, limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cancer. This review summarizes the important involvement of the spliced isoforms of DNAJB6 in various pathologies with a specific focus on the emerging roles of human DNAJB6 in cancer and the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhong Meng
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Beijing DOING Biomedical Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing,China
| | - Lalita A Shevde
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Rajeev S Samant
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Malsy M, Graf B, Almstedt K. Interaction between NFATc2 and the transcription factor Sp1 in pancreatic carcinoma cells PaTu 8988t. BMC Mol Biol 2017; 18:20. [PMID: 28774282 PMCID: PMC5543739 DOI: 10.1186/s12867-017-0097-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nuclear factors of activated T-cells (NFATs) have been mainly characterized in the context of immune response regulation because, as transcription factors, they have the ability to induce gene transcription. NFAT proteins are found in several types of tumors, for instance, pancreatic carcinoma. The role of NFATs in carcinogenesis is regulating central genes in cell differentiation and cell growth. NFAT proteins are primarily located in cytoplasm and only transported to the cell nucleus after activation. Here, they interact with other transcription factors cooperating with NFAT proteins, thus influencing the selection and regulation of NFAT-controlled genes. To identify and characterize possible interaction partners of the transcription factor NFATc2 in pancreatic carcinoma cells PaTu 8988t. METHODS NFATc2 expression and the mode of action of Ionomycin in the pancreatic tumor cell lines PaTu 8988t were shown with Western blotting and immunofluorescence tests. Potential partner proteins were verified by means of immunoprecipitation and binding partners, their physical interactions with DNA pull-down assays, siRNA technologies, and GST pull-down assays. Functional evidence was complemented by reporter-promoter analyses. RESULTS NFATc2 and Sp1 are co-localized in cell nuclei and physically interact at the NFAT target sequence termed NFAT-responsive promotor construct. Sp1 increases the functional activity of its binding partner NFATc2. This interaction is facilitated by Ionomycin in the early stimulation phase (up to 60 min). CONCLUSIONS Oncological therapy concepts are becoming more and more specific, aiming at the efficient modulation of specific signal and transcription pathways. The oncogenic transcription partner Sp1 is important for the transcriptional and functional activity of NFATc2 in pancreatic carcinoma. The binding partners interact in cells. Further studies are necessary to identify the underlying mechanisms and establish future therapeutic options for treating this aggressive type of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Malsy
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Graf
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Almstedt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Lee SH, Park SW. [Inflammation and Cancer Development in Pancreatic and Biliary Tract Cancer]. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2016; 66:325-39. [PMID: 26691190 DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2015.66.6.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation has been known to be a risk for many kinds of cancers, including pancreatic and biliary tract cancer. Recently, inflammatory process has emerged as a key mediator of cancer development and progression. Many efforts with experimental results have been given to identify the underlying mechanisms that contribute to inflammation-induced tumorigenesis. Diverse inflammatory pathways have been investigated and inhibitors for inflammation-related signaling pathways have been developed for cancer treatment. This review will summarize recent outcomes about this distinctive process in pancreatic and biliary tract cancer. Taking this evidence into consideration, modulation of inflammatory process will provide useful options for pancreatic and biliary tract cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Pancreatobiliary Cancer Center, Yonsei Cancer Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Woo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Pancreatobiliary Cancer Center, Yonsei Cancer Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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15
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Overexpression of C16orf74 is involved in aggressive pancreatic cancers. Oncotarget 2016; 8:50460-50475. [PMID: 28881575 PMCID: PMC5584151 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical outcome of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has not been improved in the last three decades due to the lack of effective molecular-targeted drugs. To identify a novel therapeutic target for PDAC, we have performed genome-wide anamysis and found that Homo sapienschromosome 16 open reading frame 74 (C16orf74) was up-regulated in the vast majority of PDAC. Overexpression of C16orf74protein detected by immunohistochemical analysis was an independent prognostic factor for patients with PDAC. The knockdown of endogenous C16orf74 expression in the PDAC cell lines KLM-1 and PK-59 by vector-based small hairpin-RNA (shRNA) drastically attenuated the growth of those cells, whereas ectopic C16orf74 overexpression in HEK293T and NIH3T3 cells promoted cell growth and invasion, respectively. More importantly, the endogenous threonine 44 (T44)-phosphorylated form of C16orf74 interacted with the protein phosphatase 3 catalytic subunit alpha (PPP3CA) via the PDIIIT sequence in the PPP3CA-binding motif within the middle portion of C16orf74 in PDAC cells. The overexpression of mutants of C16orf74 lacking the PDIIIT sequence or T44 phosphorylation resulted in the suppression of invasive activity compared with wild-type C16orf74, indicating that their interaction should be indispensable for PDAC cell invasion. These results suggest that C16orf74 plays an important role for PDAC invasion and proliferation, and is a promising target for a specific treatment for patients with PDAC.
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16
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Comba A, Almada LL, Tolosa EJ, Iguchi E, Marks DL, Vara Messler M, Silva R, Fernandez-Barrena MG, Enriquez-Hesles E, Vrabel AL, Botta B, Di Marcotulio L, Ellenrieder V, Eynard AR, Pasqualini ME, Fernandez-Zapico ME. Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells-dependent Down-regulation of the Transcription Factor Glioma-associated Protein 1 (GLI1) Underlies the Growth Inhibitory Properties of Arachidonic Acid. J Biol Chem 2015; 291:1933-1947. [PMID: 26601952 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.691972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous reports have demonstrated a tumor inhibitory effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). However, the molecular mechanisms modulating this phenomenon are in part poorly understood. Here, we provide evidence of a novel antitumoral mechanism of the PUFA arachidonic acid (AA). In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that AA treatment decreased tumor growth and metastasis and increased apoptosis. Molecular analysis of this effect showed significantly reduced expression of a subset of antiapoptotic proteins, including BCL2, BFL1/A1, and 4-1BB, in AA-treated cells. We demonstrated that down-regulation of the transcription factor glioma-associated protein 1 (GLI1) in AA-treated cells is the underlying mechanism controlling BCL2, BFL1/A1, and 4-1BB expression. Using luciferase reporters, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and expression studies, we found that GLI1 binds to the promoter of these antiapoptotic molecules and regulates their expression and promoter activity. We provide evidence that AA-induced apoptosis and down-regulation of antiapoptotic genes can be inhibited by overexpressing GLI1 in AA-sensitive cells. Conversely, inhibition of GLI1 mimics AA treatments, leading to decreased tumor growth, cell viability, and expression of antiapoptotic molecules. Further characterization showed that AA represses GLI1 expression by stimulating nuclear translocation of NFATc1, which then binds the GLI1 promoter and represses its transcription. AA was shown to increase reactive oxygen species. Treatment with antioxidants impaired the AA-induced apoptosis and down-regulation of GLI1 and NFATc1 activation, indicating that NFATc1 activation and GLI1 repression require the generation of reactive oxygen species. Collectively, these results define a novel mechanism underlying AA antitumoral functions that may serve as a foundation for future PUFA-based therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Comba
- From the Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905,; Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas and Facultad de Ciencias Médicas-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Luciana L Almada
- From the Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Ezequiel J Tolosa
- From the Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Eriko Iguchi
- From the Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - David L Marks
- From the Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Marianela Vara Messler
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas and Facultad de Ciencias Médicas-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Renata Silva
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas and Facultad de Ciencias Médicas-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Maite G Fernandez-Barrena
- From the Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905,.
| | - Elisa Enriquez-Hesles
- From the Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Anne L Vrabel
- From the Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Bruno Botta
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University, Center for Life Nano Science at Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Di Marcotulio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Pasteur Institute/Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, 00161 Rome, Italy, and
| | - Volker Ellenrieder
- Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Aldo R Eynard
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas and Facultad de Ciencias Médicas-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Maria E Pasqualini
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas and Facultad de Ciencias Médicas-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Martin E Fernandez-Zapico
- From the Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
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17
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Golovastova MO, Bazhin AV, Philippov PP. Cancer-retina antigens -- a new group of tumor antigens. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2015; 79:733-9. [PMID: 25365483 DOI: 10.1134/s000629791408001x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Some photoreceptor proteins normally specific for the eye retina are aberrantly expressed in malignant tumors. These proteins include recoverin, visual rhodopsin, transducin, cGMP-phosphodiesterase 6 (PDE 6), cGMP-dependent cationic channels, guanylyl cyclase 1, rhodopsin kinase, and arrestin. By analogy with cancer-testis antigens, these photoreceptor proteins form the group of cancer-retina antigens. It is shown that an aberrant demethylation of the promoter region of recoverin is involved in the aberrant expression of this protein. The cascade Wnt5a → Frizzled-2 → transducin → PDE 6 is shown to function in skin melanoma cells, and this suggests that these cancer-retina antigens can play a functional role. The events accompanying the signal transduction in this cascade, including those involving calcium ions and cGMP-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase G), are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Golovastova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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18
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Chen NM, Singh G, Koenig A, Liou GY, Storz P, Zhang JS, Regul L, Nagarajan S, Kühnemuth B, Johnsen SA, Hebrok M, Siveke J, Billadeau DD, Ellenrieder V, Hessmann E. NFATc1 Links EGFR Signaling to Induction of Sox9 Transcription and Acinar-Ductal Transdifferentiation in the Pancreas. Gastroenterology 2015; 148:1024-1034.e9. [PMID: 25623042 PMCID: PMC4409493 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2015.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Oncogenic mutations in KRAS contribute to the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, but are not sufficient to initiate carcinogenesis. Secondary events, such as inflammation-induced signaling via the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and expression of the SOX9 gene, are required for tumor formation. Herein we sought to identify the mechanisms that link EGFR signaling with activation of SOX9 during acinar-ductal metaplasia, a transdifferentiation process that precedes pancreatic carcinogenesis. METHODS We analyzed pancreatic tissues from Kras(G12D);pdx1-Cre and Kras(G12D);NFATc1(Δ/Δ);pdx1-Cre mice after intraperitoneal administration of caerulein, vs cyclosporin A or dimethyl sulfoxide (controls). Induction of EGFR signaling and its effects on the expression of Nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) or SOX9 were investigated by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunoblot, and immunohistochemical analyses of mouse and human tissues and acinar cell explants. Interactions between NFATc1 and partner proteins and effects on DNA binding or chromatin modifications were studied using co-immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays in acinar cell explants and mouse tissue. RESULTS EGFR activation induced expression of NFATc1 in metaplastic areas from patients with chronic pancreatitis and in pancreatic tissue from Kras(G12D) mice. EGFR signaling also promoted formation of a complex between NFATc1 and C-JUN in dedifferentiating mouse acinar cells, leading to activation of Sox9 transcription and induction of acinar-ductal metaplasia. Pharmacologic inhibition of NFATc1 or disruption of the Nfatc1 gene inhibited EGFR-mediated induction of Sox9 transcription and blocked acinar-ductal transdifferentiation and pancreatic cancer initiation in mice. CONCLUSIONS EGFR signaling induces expression of NFATc1 and Sox9, leading to acinar cell transdifferentiation and initiation of pancreatic cancer. Strategies designed to disrupt this pathway might be developed to prevent pancreatic cancer initiation in high-risk patients with chronic pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Ming Chen
- Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medical Center Goettingen
| | - Garima Singh
- Signaling and Transcription Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Koenig
- Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medical Center Goettingen,Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Geou-Yarh Liou
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Peter Storz
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Jin-San Zhang
- Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Lisanne Regul
- Signaling and Transcription Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sankari Nagarajan
- Clinic for General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Kühnemuth
- Signaling and Transcription Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Steven A. Johnsen
- Clinic for General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany
| | | | - Jens Siveke
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel D Billadeau
- Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Volker Ellenrieder
- Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medical Center Goettingen
| | - Elisabeth Hessmann
- Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.
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19
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Singh SK, Chen NM, Hessmann E, Siveke J, Lahmann M, Singh G, Voelker N, Vogt S, Esposito I, Schmidt A, Brendel C, Stiewe T, Gaedcke J, Mernberger M, Crawford HC, Bamlet WR, Zhang JS, Li XK, Smyrk TC, Billadeau DD, Hebrok M, Neesse A, Koenig A, Ellenrieder V. Antithetical NFATc1-Sox2 and p53-miR200 signaling networks govern pancreatic cancer cell plasticity. EMBO J 2015; 34:517-30. [PMID: 25586376 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201489574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In adaptation to oncogenic signals, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process combining tumor cell dedifferentiation with acquisition of stemness features. However, the mechanisms linking oncogene-induced signaling pathways with EMT and stemness remain largely elusive. Here, we uncover the inflammation-induced transcription factor NFATc1 as a central regulator of pancreatic cancer cell plasticity. In particular, we show that NFATc1 drives EMT reprogramming and maintains pancreatic cancer cells in a stem cell-like state through Sox2-dependent transcription of EMT and stemness factors. Intriguingly, NFATc1-Sox2 complex-mediated PDAC dedifferentiation and progression is opposed by antithetical p53-miR200c signaling, and inactivation of the tumor suppressor pathway is essential for tumor dedifferentiation and dissemination both in genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) and human PDAC. Based on these findings, we propose the existence of a hierarchical signaling network regulating PDAC cell plasticity and suggest that the molecular decision between epithelial cell preservation and conversion into a dedifferentiated cancer stem cell-like phenotype depends on opposing levels of p53 and NFATc1 signaling activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv K Singh
- Signaling and Transcription Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Nai-Ming Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology II, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Hessmann
- Department of Gastroenterology II, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jens Siveke
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Marlen Lahmann
- Institute for Molecular Tumor Biology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Garima Singh
- Signaling and Transcription Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Nadine Voelker
- Signaling and Transcription Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sophia Vogt
- Signaling and Transcription Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Irene Esposito
- Institute of Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum, Munich, Germany
| | - Ansgar Schmidt
- Institute of Pathology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Brendel
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Institute for Molecular Tumor Biology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Gaedcke
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Marco Mernberger
- Institute for Molecular Tumor Biology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Howard C Crawford
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - William R Bamlet
- Division of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jin-San Zhang
- Division of Oncology Research, Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Kun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Thomas C Smyrk
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Daniel D Billadeau
- Division of Oncology Research, Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Albrecht Neesse
- Department of Gastroenterology II, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Koenig
- Department of Gastroenterology II, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany Division of Oncology Research, Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Volker Ellenrieder
- Department of Gastroenterology II, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
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20
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c-Rel is a critical mediator of NF-κB-dependent TRAIL resistance of pancreatic cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1455. [PMID: 25299780 PMCID: PMC4237244 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents one of the deadliest malignancies with an overall life expectancy of 6 months despite current therapies. NF-κB signalling has been shown to be critical for this profound cell-autonomous resistance against chemotherapeutic drugs and death receptor-induced apoptosis, but little is known about the role of the c-Rel subunit in solid cancer and PDAC apoptosis control. In the present study, by analysis of genome-wide patterns of c-Rel-dependent gene expression, we were able to establish c-Rel as a critical regulator of tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis in PDAC. TRAIL-resistant cells exhibited a strong TRAIL-inducible NF-κB activity, whereas TRAIL-sensitive cells displayed only a small increase in NF-κB-binding activity. Transfection with siRNA against c-Rel sensitized the TRAIL-resistant cells in a manner comparable to siRNA targeting the p65/RelA subunit. Gel-shift analysis revealed that c-Rel is part of the TRAIL-inducible NF-κB complex in PDAC. Array analysis identified NFATc2 as a c-Rel target gene among the 12 strongest TRAIL-inducible genes in apoptosis-resistant cells. In line, siRNA targeting c-Rel strongly reduced TRAIL-induced NFATc2 activity in TRAIL-resistant PDAC cells. Furthermore, siRNA targeting NFATc2 sensitized these PDAC cells against TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Finally, TRAIL-induced expression of COX-2 was diminished through siRNA targeting c-Rel or NFATc2 and pharmacologic inhibition of COX-2 with celecoxib or siRNA targeting COX-2, enhanced TRAIL apoptosis. In conclusion, we were able to delineate a novel c-Rel-, NFATc2- and COX-2-dependent antiapoptotic signalling pathway in PDAC with broad clinical implications for pharmaceutical intervention strategies.
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21
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Finley SD, Chu LH, Popel AS. Computational systems biology approaches to anti-angiogenic cancer therapeutics. Drug Discov Today 2014; 20:187-97. [PMID: 25286370 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2014.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an exquisitely regulated process that is required for physiological processes and is also important in numerous diseases. Tumors utilize angiogenesis to generate the vascular network needed to supply the cancer cells with nutrients and oxygen, and many cancer drugs aim to inhibit tumor angiogenesis. Anti-angiogenic therapy involves inhibiting multiple cell types, molecular targets, and intracellular signaling pathways. Computational tools are useful in guiding treatment strategies, predicting the response to treatment, and identifying new targets of interest. Here, we describe progress that has been made in applying mathematical modeling and bioinformatics approaches to study anti-angiogenic therapeutics in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey D Finley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Liang-Hui Chu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aleksander S Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Han S, Tie X, Meng L, Wang Y, Wu A. PMA and ionomycin induce glioblastoma cell death: activation-induced cell-death-like phenomena occur in glioma cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76717. [PMID: 24130787 PMCID: PMC3793914 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin (Io) can induce T cell activation and proliferation. Furthermore, they stimulate activation-induced cell death (AICD) in mature lymphocytes via Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) up-regulation. In this study, we explored the influence of PMA/Io treatment on glioblastoma cells, and found that AICD-like phenomena may also occur in glioma. Using the MTT assay and cell counting, we demonstrated that treatment of PMA/Io significantly inhibited the proliferation of glioma cell lines, U87 and U251. TUNEL assays and transmission electron microscopy revealed that PMA/Io markedly induced U87 and U251 cell apoptosis. Propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry showed that treatment with PMA/Io resulted in an arrestment of cell cycle and an increase in cell death. Using real-time PCR and western blot, we found that PMA/Io up-regulated the expression of Fas and FasL at both mRNA and protein level, which confirmed that PMA/Io induced glioma cell death. Specific knockdown of NFAT1 expression by small hairpin RNA greatly reduced the PMA/Io induced cell death and apoptosis by inhibition of FasL expression. Microarray analysis showed that the expression of NFAT1 significantly correlated with the expression of Fas. The coexistence of Fas with NFAT1 in vivo provides the background for AICD-like phenomena to occur in glioma. These findings demonstrate that PMA/Io can induce glioblastoma cell death through the NFAT1-Fas/FasL pathway. Glioma-related AICD-like phenomena may provide a novel avenue for glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinxin Tie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lingxuan Meng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yunjie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Anhua Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- * E-mail:
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Lee JC, Shin J, Baek KH. Trisomy of the Dscr1 gene suppresses early progression of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia driven by oncogenic Kras. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 440:50-5. [PMID: 24041692 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with Down syndrome exhibit remarkably reduced incidence of most solid tumors including pancreatic cancer. Multiple mechanisms arising from the genetic complexity underlying Down syndrome has been suggested to contribute to such a broad cancer protection. In this study, utilizing a genetically engineered mouse model of pancreatic cancer, we demonstrate that trisomy of the Down syndrome critical region-1 (Dscr1), an endogenous calcineurin inhibitor localized on chromosome 21, suppresses the progression of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia-1A (PanIN-1A) to PanIN-1B lesions without affecting the initiation of PanIN lesions mediated by oncogenic Kras(G12D). In addition, we show that Dscr1 trisomy attenuates nuclear localization of nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) accompanied by upregulation of the p15(Ink4b) tumor suppressor and reduction of cell proliferation in early PanIN lesions. Our data suggest that attenuation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling in neoplastic pancreatic ductal epithelium by a single extra copy of Dscr1 is sufficient to inhibit the progression of early PanIN lesions driven by oncogenic Kras, and thus may be a potential mechanism underlying reduced incidence of pancreatic cancer in Down syndrome individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Choon Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 440-746, Republic of Korea
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24
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Ye Q, Feng Y, Yin Y, Faucher F, Currie MA, Rahman MN, Jin J, Li S, Wei Q, Jia Z. Structural basis of calcineurin activation by calmodulin. Cell Signal 2013; 25:2661-7. [PMID: 24018048 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Calcineurin is the only known calmodulin (CaM) activated protein phosphatase, which is involved in the regulation of numerous cellular and developmental processes and in calcium-dependent signal transduction. Although commonly assumed that CaM displaces the autoinhibitory domain (AID) blocking substrate access to its active site, the structural basis underlying activation remains elusive. We have created a fused ternary complex (CBA) by covalently linking three polypeptides: CaM, calcineurin regulatory B subunit (CnB) and calcineurin catalytic A subunit (CnA). CBA catalytic activity is comparable to that of fully activated native calcineurin in the presence of CaM. The crystal structure showed virtually no structural change in the active site and no evidence of CaM despite being covalently linked. The asymmetric unit contains four molecules; two parallel CBA pairs are packed in an antiparallel mode and the large cavities in crystal packing near the calcineurin active site would easily accommodate multiple positions of AID-bound CaM. Intriguingly, the conformation of the ordered segment of AID is not altered by CaM; thus, it is the disordered part of AID, which resumes a regular α-helical conformation upon binding to CaM, which is displaced by CaM for activation. We propose that the structural basis of calcineurin activation by CaM is through displacement of the disordered fragment of AID which otherwise impedes active site access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilu Ye
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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Baumgart S, Ellenrieder V, Fernandez-Zapico ME. Oncogenic transcription factors: cornerstones of inflammation-linked pancreatic carcinogenesis. Gut 2013; 62:310-6. [PMID: 21997559 PMCID: PMC3539739 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2011-301008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factors are proteins that regulate gene expression by modulating the synthesis of messenger RNA. Since this process is often one dominant control point in the production of many proteins, transcription factors represent the key regulators of numerous cellular functions, including proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Pancreatic cancer progression is characterised by activation of inflammatory signalling pathways converging on a limited set of transcription factors that fine-tune gene expression patterns contributing to the growth and maintenance of these tumours. Thus strategies targeting these transcriptional networks activated in pancreatic cancer cells could block the effects of upstream inflammatory responses participating in pancreatic tumorigenesis. The authors review this field of research and summarise current strategies for targeting oncogenic transcription factors and their activating signalling networks in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Baumgart
- Signaling and Transcription Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps-University of Marburg, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Volker Ellenrieder
- Signaling and Transcription Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps-University of Marburg, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Martin E. Fernandez-Zapico
- Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Arlt A, Schäfer H, Kalthoff H. The 'N-factors' in pancreatic cancer: functional relevance of NF-κB, NFAT and Nrf2 in pancreatic cancer. Oncogenesis 2012; 1:e35. [PMID: 23552468 PMCID: PMC3511680 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2012.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents one of the deadliest malignancies, with an overall life expectancy of 6 months. Despite considerable advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the carcinogenesis of PDAC, the outcome of the disease was not significantly improved over the last 20 years. Although some achievements in molecular-targeted therapies have been made (that is, targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor by erlotinib), which already entered clinical settings, and despite the promising outcome of the FOLFIRINOX trial, there is an urgent need for improvement of the chemotherapy in this disease. A plethora of molecular alterations are thought to be responsible for the profound chemoresistance, including mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Besides these classical hallmarks of cancer, the constitutive or inducible activity of transcription factor pathways are characteristic changes in PDAC. Recently, three transcription factors-nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2)-have been shown to be crucial for tumor development and chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer. These transcription factors are key regulators of a variety of genes involved in nearly all aspects of tumorigenesis and resistance against chemotherapeutics and death receptor ligands. Furthermore, the pathways of NF-κB, NFAT and Nrf2 are functional, interacting on several regulatory steps, and, especially, natural compounds such as curcumin interfere with more than one pathway. Thus, targeting these pathways by established inhibitors or new drugs might have great potential to improve the outcome of PDAC patients, most likely in combination with established anticancer drugs. In this article, we summarize recent progress in the characterization of these transcription-factor pathways and their role in PDAC and therapy resistance. We also discuss future concepts for the treatment of PDAC relying on these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arlt
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Kiel, Germany
| | - H Schäfer
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Kiel, Germany
| | - H Kalthoff
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center North, Kiel, Germany
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BAUMGART SANDRA, GLESEL ELISABETH, SINGH GARIMA, CHEN NAIMING, REUTLINGER KRISTINA, ZHANG JINSAN, BILLADEAU DANIELD, FERNANDEZ-ZAPICO MARTINE, GRESS THOMASM, SINGH SHIVK, ELLENRIEDER VOLKER. Restricted heterochromatin formation links NFATc2 repressor activity with growth promotion in pancreatic cancer. Gastroenterology 2012; 142:388-98.e1-7. [PMID: 22079596 PMCID: PMC3626431 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Revised: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Transcriptional silencing of the p15(INK4b) tumor suppressor pathway overcomes cellular protection against unrestrained proliferation in cancer. Here we show a novel pathway involving the oncogenic transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) c2 targeting a p15(INK4b)-mediated failsafe mechanism to promote pancreatic cancer tumor growth. METHODS Immunohistochemistry, real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence microscopy were used for expression studies. Cancer growth was assessed in vitro by [(3)H]thymidine incorporation, colony formation assays, and in vivo using xenograft tumor models. Protein-protein interactions, promoter regulation, and local histone modifications were analyzed by immunoprecipitation, DNA pull-down, reporter, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. RESULTS Our study uncovered induction of NFATc2 in late-stage pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia lesions with increased expression in tumor cell nuclei of advanced cancers. In the nucleus, NFATc2 targets the p15(INK4b) promoter for inducible heterochromatin formation and silencing. NFATc2 binding to its cognate promoter site induces stepwise recruitment of the histone methyltransferase Suv39H1, causes local H3K9 trimethylation, and allows docking of heterochromatin protein HP1γ to the repressor complex. Conversely, inactivation of NFATc2 disrupts this repressor complex assembly and local heterochromatin formation, resulting in restoration of p15(INK4b) expression and inhibition of pancreatic cancer growth in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Here we describe a novel mechanism for NFATc2-mediated gene regulation and identify a functional link among its repressor activity, the silencing of the suppressor pathway p15(INK4b), and its pancreatic cancer growth regulatory functions. Thus, we provide evidence that inactivation of oncogenic NFATc2 might be an attractive strategy in treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- SANDRA BAUMGART
- Signaling and Transcription Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - ELISABETH GLESEL
- Signaling and Transcription Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - GARIMA SINGH
- Signaling and Transcription Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - NAI-MING CHEN
- Signaling and Transcription Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - KRISTINA REUTLINGER
- Signaling and Transcription Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - JINSAN ZHANG
- Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - DANIEL D. BILLADEAU
- Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - THOMAS M. GRESS
- Signaling and Transcription Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - SHIV K. SINGH
- Signaling and Transcription Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - VOLKER ELLENRIEDER
- Signaling and Transcription Laboratory, Department of Gastroenterology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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