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Khatun R, Modak R, Islam ASM, Moni D, Sepay N, Mukherjee R, Das G, Murmu N, Ali M. Small Molecule Interactions with Biomacromolecules: DNA Binding Interactions of a Manganese(III) Schiff Base Complex with Potential Anticancer Activities. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:3176-3188. [PMID: 37548990 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
A manganese(III) complex, [MnIII(L)(SCN)(enH)](NO3)·H2O (1•H2O) (H2L = 2-((E)-(2-((E)-2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene-amino)-ethyl-imino)methyl)-6-methoxyphenol), has been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The interaction of 1•H2O with DNA was studied by monitoring the decrease in absorbance of the complex at λ = 324 nm with the increase in DNA concentration, providing an opportunity to determine the binding constant of the 1•H2O-ct-DNA complex as 5.63 × 103 M-1. Similarly, fluorescence titration was carried out by adding ct-DNA gradually and monitoring the increase in emission intensity at 453 nm on excitation at λex = 324 nm. A linear form of the Benesi-Hildebrand equation yields a binding constant of 4.40 × 103 M-1 at 25 °C, establishing the self-consistency of our results obtained from absorption and fluorescence titrations. The competitive displacement reactions of dyes like ethidium bromide, Hoechst, and DAPI (4',6-diamidine-2'-phenylindole dihydrochloride) from dye-ct-DNA conjugates by 1•H2O were analyzed, and the corresponding KSV values are 1.05 × 104, 1.25 × 104, and 1.35 × 104 M-1 and the Kapp values are 2.16 × 103, 8.34 × 103, and 9.0 × 103 M-1, from which it is difficult to infer the preference of groove binding over intercalation by these DNA trackers. However, the molecular docking experiments and viscosity measurement clearly indicate the preference for minor groove binding over intercalation, involving a change in Gibbs free energy of -8.56 kcal/mol. The 1•H2O complex was then evaluated for its anticancer potential in breast cancer MCF-7 cells, which severely abrogates the growth of the cells in both 2D and 3D mammospheres, indicating its promising application as an anticancer drug through a minor groove binding interaction with ct-DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rousunara Khatun
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 032, India
- Aliah University, ll-A/27, Action Area II, Newtown, Action Area II, Kolkata, West Bengal 700160, India
| | - Ritwik Modak
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal Institute of Technology Bengaluru, Manipal 560064, India
| | - Abu Saleh Musha Islam
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2B, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Dolan Moni
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 032, India
| | - Nayim Sepay
- Department of Chemistry, Lady Brabourne College, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 017, India
| | - Rimi Mukherjee
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittanranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 026, India
| | - Gaurav Das
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittanranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 026, India
| | - Nabendu Murmu
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittanranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 026, India
| | - Mahammad Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 032, India
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Mallick Ganguly O, Moulik S. Interactions of Mn complexes with DNA: the relevance of therapeutic applications towards cancer treatment. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:10639-10656. [PMID: 37475585 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00659j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is one of the most significant bio-metals that helps the body to form connective tissue, bones, blood clotting factors, and sex hormones. It is necessary for fat and carbohydrate metabolism, calcium absorption, blood sugar regulation, and normal brain and nerve functions. It accelerates the synthesis of proteins, vitamin C, and vitamin B. It is also involved in the catalysis of hematopoiesis, regulation of the endocrine level, and improvement of immune function. Again, Mn metalloenzymes like arginase, glutamine synthetase, phosphoenolpyruvate decarboxylase, and Mn superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) contribute to the metabolism processes and reduce oxidative stress against free radicals. Recent investigations have revealed that synthetic Mn-complexes act as antibacterial and antifungal agents. As a result, chemists and biologists have been actively involved in developing Mn-based drugs for the treatment of various diseases including cancer. Therefore, any therapeutic drugs based on manganese complexes would be invaluable for the treatment of cancer/infectious diseases and could be a better substitute for cisplatin and other related platinum based chemotherapeutic drugs. From this perspective, attempts have been made to discuss the interactions and nuclease activities of Mn(II/III/IV) complexes with DNA through which one can evaluate their therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oishi Mallick Ganguly
- St Xavier's College, 30, Park St, Mullick Bazar, Park Street area, Kolkata, West Bengal 700016, India
| | - Shuvojit Moulik
- Suraksha Diagnostics Pvt Ltd, Newtown 12/1, Premises No. 02-0327, DG Block(Newtown), Action Area 1D, Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal 700156, India.
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da Cunha Germano BC, de Morais LCC, Idalina Neta F, Fernandes ACL, Pinheiro FI, do Rego ACM, Araújo Filho I, de Azevedo EP, de Paiva Cavalcanti JRL, Guzen FP, Cobucci RN. Vitamin E and Its Molecular Effects in Experimental Models of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11191. [PMID: 37446369 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
With the advancement of in vivo studies and clinical trials, the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases has been better understood. However, gaps still need to be better elucidated, which justifies the publication of reviews that explore the mechanisms related to the development of these diseases. Studies show that vitamin E supplementation can protect neurons from the damage caused by oxidative stress, with a positive impact on the prevention and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, this review aims to summarize the scientific evidence of the effects of vitamin E supplementation on neuroprotection and on neurodegeneration markers in experimental models. A search for studies published between 2000 and 2023 was carried out in the PubMed, Web of Science, Virtual Health Library (BVS), and Embase databases, in which the effects of vitamin E in experimental models of neurodegeneration were investigated. A total of 5669 potentially eligible studies were identified. After excluding the duplicates, 5373 remained, of which 5253 were excluded after checking the titles, 90 articles after reading the abstracts, and 11 after fully reviewing the manuscripts, leaving 19 publications to be included in this review. Experiments with in vivo models of neurodegenerative diseases demonstrated that vitamin E supplementation significantly improved memory, cognition, learning, motor function, and brain markers associated with neuroregeneration and neuroprotection. Vitamin E supplementation reduced beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and toxicity in experimental models of Alzheimer's disease. In addition, it decreased tau-protein hyperphosphorylation and increased superoxide dismutase and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in rodents, which seems to indicate the potential use of vitamin E in preventing and delaying the progress of degenerative lesions in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Caroline da Cunha Germano
- Postgraduate Program in Science Applied to Women's Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59072-970, Brazil
| | - Lara Cristina Carlos de Morais
- Postgratuate Program in Health and Society, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró 59607-360, Brazil
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró 59607-360, Brazil
| | - Francisca Idalina Neta
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró 59607-360, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró 59607-360, Brazil
| | - Amélia Carolina Lopes Fernandes
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró 59607-360, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró 59607-360, Brazil
| | - Francisco Irochima Pinheiro
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal 59056-000, Brazil
- Medical School, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal 59056-000, Brazil
| | | | - Irami Araújo Filho
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal 59056-000, Brazil
- Medical School, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal 59056-000, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Pereira de Azevedo
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal 59056-000, Brazil
| | - José Rodolfo Lopes de Paiva Cavalcanti
- Postgratuate Program in Health and Society, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró 59607-360, Brazil
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró 59607-360, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró 59607-360, Brazil
| | - Fausto Pierdona Guzen
- Postgratuate Program in Health and Society, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró 59607-360, Brazil
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró 59607-360, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró 59607-360, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal 59056-000, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Ney Cobucci
- Postgraduate Program in Science Applied to Women's Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59072-970, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal 59056-000, Brazil
- Medical School, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal 59056-000, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-900, Brazil
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Mao X, Stanbouly S, Holley J, Pecaut M, Crapo J. Evidence of Spaceflight-Induced Adverse Effects on Photoreceptors and Retinal Function in the Mouse Eye. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087362. [PMID: 37108526 PMCID: PMC10138634 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of the present study was to characterize acute oxidative damage in ocular structure and retinal function after exposure to spaceflight, and to evaluate the efficacy of an antioxidant in reducing spaceflight-induced changes in the retina. Ten-week-old adult C57BL/6 male mice were flown aboard the ISS on Space-X 24 over 35 days, and returned to Earth alive. The mice received a weekly injection of a superoxide dismutase mimic, MnTnBuOE-2-PyP 5+ (BuOE), before launch and during their stay onboard the ISS. Ground control mice were maintained on Earth under identical environmental conditions. Before the launch, intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured using a handheld tonometer and retinal function was evaluated using electroretinogram (ERG). ERG signals were recorded when the mouse eye was under dark-adapted conditions in response to ultraviolet monochromatic light flashes. Within 20 h after splashdown, IOP and ERG assessments were repeated before euthanasia. There were significant increases in body weight for habitat control groups post-flight compared to pre-flight measurements. However, the body weights were similar among flight groups before launch and after splashdown. The IOP measurements were similar between pre- and post-flight groups with no significant differences between BuOE-treated and saline controls. Immunofluorescence evaluation showed increases in retinal oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death after spaceflight. BuOE treatment significantly decreased the level of the oxidative stress biomarker. ERG data showed that the average amplitudes of the a- and b-wave were significantly decreased (39% and 32% by spaceflight, respectively) compared to that of habitat ground controls. These data indicate that spaceflight conditions induce oxidative stress in the retina, which may lead to photoreceptor cell damage and retinal function impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Mao
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biomedical Engineering Sciences (BMES), Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Seta Stanbouly
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biomedical Engineering Sciences (BMES), Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Jacob Holley
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biomedical Engineering Sciences (BMES), Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Michael Pecaut
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biomedical Engineering Sciences (BMES), Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - James Crapo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA
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Switchable Nanozyme Activity of Porphyrins Intercalated in Layered Gadolinium Hydroxide. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315373. [PMID: 36499698 PMCID: PMC9736057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, organo-inorganic nanohybrids LHGd-MTSPP with enzyme-like activity were prepared by in situ intercalation of anionic 5,10,15,20-tetrakis-(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin and its complexes with Zn(II) and Pd(II) (MTSPP, M = 2H, Zn(II) and Pd(II)) into gadolinium layered hydroxide (LHGd). The combination of powder XRD, CHNS analysis, FT-IR, EDX, and TG confirmed the layered structure of the reaction products. The basal interplanar distances in LHGd-MTSPP samples were 22.3-22.6 Å, corresponding to the size of an intercalated tetrapyrrole molecule. According to SEM data, LHGd-MTSPP hybrids consisted of individual lamellar nanoparticles 20-50 nm in thickness. The enzyme-like activity of individual constituents, LHGd-Cl and sulfoporphyrins TSPP, ZnTSPP and PdTSPP, and hybrid LHGd-MTSPP materials, was studied by chemiluminescence analysis using the ABAP/luminol system in phosphate buffer solution. All the individual porphyrins exhibited dose-dependent antioxidant properties with respect to alkylperoxyl radicals at pH 7.4. The intercalation of free base TSPP porphyrin into the LHGd preserved the radical scavenging properties of the product. Conversely, in LHGd-MTSPP samples containing Zn(II) and Pd(II) complexes, the antioxidant properties of the porphyrins changed to dose-dependent prooxidant activity. Thus, an efficient approach to the design and synthesis of advanced LHGd-MTSPP materials with switchable enzyme-like activity was developed.
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A Redoxable Mn Porphyrin, MnTnBuOE-2-PyP5+, Synergizes with Carboplatin in Treatment of Chemoresistant Ovarian Cell Line. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9664636. [PMID: 35898616 PMCID: PMC9313984 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9664636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We have employed a redox-active MnP (MnTnBuOE-2-PyP5+, Mn(III) meso-tetrakis (N-n-butoxyethylpyridinium-2-yl) porphyrin) frequently identified as superoxide dismutase mimic or BMX-001, to explore the redox status of normal ovarian cell in relation to two ovarian cancer cell lines: OV90 human serous ovarian cancer cell and chemotherapy-resistant OV90 cell (OVCD). We identified that OVCD cells are under oxidative stress due to high hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels and low glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin 1. Furthermore, OVCD cells have increased glycolysis activity and mitochondrial respiration when compared to immortalized ovarian cells (hTER7) and parental cancer cells (OV90). Our goal was to study how ovarian cell growth depends upon the redox state of the cell; hence, we used MnP (BMX-001), a redox-active MnSOD mimetic, as a molecular tool to alter ovarian cancer redox state. Interestingly, OVCD cells preferentially uptake MnP relative to OV90 cells which led to increased inhibition of cell growth, glycolytic activity, OXPHOS, and ATP, in OVCD cells. These effects were further increased when MnP was combined with carboplatin. The effects were discussed with regard to the elevation in H2O2 levels, increased oxidative stress, and reduced Nrf2 levels and its downstream targets when cells were exposed to either MnP or MnP/carboplatin. It is significant to emphasize that MnP protects normal ovarian cell line, hTER7, against carboplatin toxicity. Our data demonstrate that the addition of MnP-based redox-active drugs may be used (via increasing excessively the oxidative stress of serous ovarian cancer cells) to improve cancer patients' chemotherapy outcomes, which develop resistance to platinum-based drugs.
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Yang B, Yao H, Yang J, Chen C, Shi J. Construction of a two-dimensional artificial antioxidase for nanocatalytic rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1988. [PMID: 35418125 PMCID: PMC9008001 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29735-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Constructing nanomaterials mimicking the coordination environments of natural enzymes may achieve biomimetic catalysis. Here we construct a two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic framework (MOF) nanosheet catalyst as an artificial antioxidase for nanocatalytic rheumatoid arthritis treatment. The 2D MOF periodically assembles numbers of manganese porphyrin molecules, which has a metal coordination geometry analogous to those of two typical antioxidases, human mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and human erythrocyte catalase. The zinc atoms of the 2D MOF regulate the metal-centered redox potential of coordinated manganese porphyrin ligand, endowing the nanosheet with both SOD- and catalase-like activities. Cellular experiments show unique anti-inflammatory and pro-biomineralization performances of the 2D MOF, while in vivo animal model further demonstrates its desirable antiarthritic efficacy. It is expected that such a nanocatalytic antioxidation concept may provide feasible approaches to future anti-inflammatory treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Research Unit of Nanocatalytic Medicine in Specific Therapy for Serious Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU012), Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Heliang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Research Unit of Nanocatalytic Medicine in Specific Therapy for Serious Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU012), Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Jiacai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Research Unit of Nanocatalytic Medicine in Specific Therapy for Serious Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU012), Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Research Unit of Nanocatalytic Medicine in Specific Therapy for Serious Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU012), Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jianlin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Research Unit of Nanocatalytic Medicine in Specific Therapy for Serious Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU012), Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.
- Tenth People's Hospital and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China.
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Yang B, Yao H, Yang J, Chen C, Guo Y, Fu H, Shi J. In Situ Synthesis of Natural Antioxidase Mimics for Catalytic Anti-Inflammatory Treatments: Rheumatoid Arthritis as an Example. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:314-330. [PMID: 34881869 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mimicking the coordination geometry of the active metal sites of natural enzymes is an efficient strategy in designing therapeutic chemicals with enzymelike in vivo reaction thermodynamics and kinetics. In this study, this chemical concept has been applied for the in situ synthesis of natural antioxidase mimics for catalytic anti-inflammatory treatment by using rheumatoid arthritis, a common and hardly curable immune-mediated diseases, as an example. Briefly, a composite nanomedicine has been first constructed by loading cationic porphyrin ligands into a manganese-engineered mesoporous silica nanocarrier, which can respond to a mildly acidic environment to concurrently release manganous ions and porphyrin ligands, enabling their subsequent coordination and synthesis of manganese porphyrin with a coordination environment of an active Mn site similar to those of the metal sites in natural superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. Due to the strong metal-ligand exchange coupling enabled by the N-ethylpyridinium-2-yl groups tetrasubstituted in the meso positions of N4-macroheterocycles, such a manganese porphyrin presents the SOD-like activity of disproportionating superoxide anions via outer-sphere proton-coupled one-electron transfer (diaquamanganese(III)/monoaquamanganese(II) cycling), as well as the catalase-like activity of disproportionating hydrogen peroxide via inner-sphere proton-coupled two-electron transfer (diaquamanganese(III)/dioxomanganese(V) cycling). Cellular experiments demonstrated the high antioxidative efficacy of the composite nanomedicine in M1 macrophages by promoting their polarization shift to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Equally importantly, the silicon-containing oligomers released from the manganese silicate nanocarrier can act as heterogeneous nucleation centers of hydroxyapatite for facilitating biomineralization by bone mesenchymal stem cells. Finally, an in vivo adjuvant-induced arthritis animal model further reveals the high efficacy of the nanomedicine in treating rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Heliang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
| | - Jiacai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Chang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yuedong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Hao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
| | - Jianlin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
- Tenth People's Hospital and School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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Zhang J, Cui Z, Zhu Y, Zhu Z, Qi Q, Wang Q. Recent advances in microbial production of high-value compounds in the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 55:107904. [PMID: 34999139 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Tetrapyrroles are essential metabolic components produced by almost all organisms, and they participate in various fundamental biological processes. Tetrapyrroles are used as pharmaceuticals, food additives, and nutraceuticals, as well as in agricultural applications. However, their production is limited by their low extraction yields from natural resources and by the complex reaction steps involved in their chemical synthesis. Through advances in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology strategies, microbial cell factories were developed as an alternative method for tetrapyrrole production. Herein, we review recent developments in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology strategies that promote the microbial production of high-value compounds in the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway (e.g., 5-aminolevulinic acid, heme, bilins, chlorophyll, and vitamin B12). Furthermore, outstanding challenges to the microbial production of tetrapyrrole compounds, as well as their possible solutions, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Zhiyong Cui
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Ziwei Zhu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Qingsheng Qi
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China; CAS Key Lab of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, PR China.
| | - Qian Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China; CAS Key Lab of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, PR China.
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Allen BD, Limoli CL. Breaking barriers: Neurodegenerative repercussions of radiotherapy induced damage on the blood-brain and blood-tumor barrier. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 178:189-201. [PMID: 34875340 PMCID: PMC8925982 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to radiation during the treatment of CNS tumors leads to detrimental damage of the blood brain barrier (BBB) in normal tissue. Effects are characterized by leakage of the vasculature which exposes the brain to a host of neurotoxic agents potentially leading to white matter necrosis, parenchymal calcification, and an increased chance of stroke. Vasculature of the blood tumor barrier (BTB) is irregular leading to poorly perfused and hypoxic tissue throughout the tumor that becomes resistant to radiation. While current clinical applications of cranial radiotherapy use dose fractionation to reduce normal tissue damage, these treatments still cause significant alterations to the cells that make up the neurovascular unit of the BBB and BTB. Damage to the vasculature manifests as reduction in tight junction proteins, alterations to membrane transporters, impaired cell signaling, apoptosis, and cellular senescence. While radiotherapy treatments are detrimental to normal tissue, adapting combined strategies with radiation targeted to damage the BTB could aid in drug delivery. Understanding differences between the BBB and the BTB may provide valuable insight allowing clinicians to improve treatment outcomes. Leveraging this information should allow advances in the development of therapeutic modalities that will protect the normal tissue while simultaneously improving CNS tumor treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barrett D Allen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Charles L Limoli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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11
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Schlichte SL, Pekas EJ, Bruett TJ, Kosmacek EA, Hackfort BT, Rasmussen JM, Patel KP, Park SY, Oberley-Deegan RE, Zimmerman MC. Sympathoinhibition and Vasodilation Contribute to the Acute Hypotensive Response of the Superoxide Dismutase Mimic, MnTnBuOE-2-PyP 5+, in Hypertensive Animals. ADVANCES IN REDOX RESEARCH 2021; 3:100016. [PMID: 38831957 PMCID: PMC11146686 DOI: 10.1016/j.arres.2021.100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of hypertension has been linked to excessive levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly superoxide (O2•-), in multiple tissues and organ systems. Overexpression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) to scavenge O2•- has been shown to decrease blood pressure in hypertensive animals. We have previously shown that MnTnBuOE-2-PyP5+ (BuOE), a manganese porphyrin SOD mimic currently in clinical trials as a normal tissue protector for cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy, can scavenge O2•- and acutely decrease normotensive blood pressures. Herein, we hypothesized that BuOE decreases hypertensive blood pressures. Using angiotensin II (AngII)-hypertensive mice, we demonstrate that BuOE administered both intraperitoneally and intravenously (IV) acutely decreases elevated blood pressure. Further investigation using renal sympathetic nerve recordings in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) reveals that immediately following IV injection of BuOE, blood pressure and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) decrease. BuOE also induces dose-dependent vasodilation of femoral arteries from AngII-hypertensive mice, a response that is mediated, at least in part, by nitric oxide, as demonstrated by ex vivo video myography. We confirmed this vasodilation in vivo using doppler imaging of the superior mesenteric artery in AngII-hypertensive mice. Together, these data demonstrate that BuOE acutely decreases RSNA and induces vasodilation, which likely contribute to its ability to rapidly decrease hypertensive blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L. Schlichte
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Elizabeth J. Pekas
- School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE
| | - Taylor J. Bruett
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Elizabeth A. Kosmacek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Bryan T. Hackfort
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Jordan M. Rasmussen
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Kaushik P. Patel
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Song-Young Park
- School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE
| | | | - Matthew C. Zimmerman
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
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Lindsay SE, Lindsay HG, Kallet J, Weaver MR, Curran-Everett D, Crapo JD, Regan EA. MnTE-2-PyP disrupts Staphylococcus aureus biofilms in a novel fracture model. J Orthop Res 2021; 39:2439-2445. [PMID: 33347639 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm-associated infections in orthopedic surgery lead to worse clinical outcomes and greater morbidity and mortality. The scope of the problem encompasses infected total joints, internally fixed fractures, and implanted devices. Diagnosis is difficult. Cultures are often negative, and antibiotic treatments are ineffective. The infections resist killing by the immune system and antibiotics. The organized matrix structure of extracellular polymeric substances within the biofilm shields and protects the bacteria from identification and immune cell action. Bacteria in biofilms actively modulate their redox environment and can enhance the matrix structure by creating an oxidizing environment. We postulated that a potent redox-active metalloporphyrin MnTE-2-PyP (chemical name: manganese (II) meso-tetrakis-(N-methylpyridinium-2-yl) porphyrin) that scavenges reactive species and modulates the redox state to a reduced state, would improve the effect of antibiotic treatment for a biofilm-associated infection. An infected fracture model with a midshaft femoral osteotomy was created in C57B6 mice, internally fixed with an intramedullary 23-gauge needle and seeded with a biofilm-forming variant of Staphylococcus aureus. Animals were divided into three treatment groups: control, antibiotic alone, and combined antibioticplus MnTE-2-PyP. The combined treatment group had significantly decreased bacterial counts in harvested bone, compared with antibiotic alone. In vitro crystal violet assay of biofilm structure and corresponding nitroblue tetrazolium assay for reactive oxygen species (ROS) demonstrated that MnTE-2-PyP decreased the biofilm structure and reduced ROS in a correlated and dose-dependent manner. The biofilm structure is redox-sensitive in S. aureus and an ROS scavenger improved the effect of antibiotic therapy in model of biofilm-associated infections.
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Harmandar K, Tunç G, Küçük T, Gürek AG, Atilla D. Asymmetrically meso-substituted porphyrin derivative containing the triazole group: Synthesis, characterization and photo-physicochemical properties. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424621500875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a novel asymmetrically meso-substituted AB3 porphyrins derivative including one triazole group to enhance the anticancer activity of the molecule and three bromophenyl groups to improve photochemical properties has been synthesized and characterized. Our objectives were to generate a system with triazole and bromophenyl groups that enhance the singlet oxygen generation and exhibits an anti-cancer effect. Therefore, photophysical and photochemical properties of this asymmetric porphyrin derivative (AB[Formula: see text] and the symmetric derivative (B[Formula: see text] were investigated in THF. The substituent effect on fluorescence quantum yield and singlet oxygen generation was evaluated for efficiency in photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a photosensitizer. The molecules exhibited no aggregation tendency, solubility in common organic solvents and high singlet oxygen quantum yield in THF therefore these favorable properties make them good candidates as a photosensitizer for PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevser Harmandar
- Gebze Technical University, Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli- TURKEY
| | - Gülenay Tunç
- Gebze Technical University, Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli- TURKEY
| | - Tuğba Küçük
- Gebze Technical University, Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli- TURKEY
| | - Ayşe Gül Gürek
- Gebze Technical University, Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli- TURKEY
| | - Devrim Atilla
- Gebze Technical University, Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli- TURKEY
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Rai S, Gupta TP, Shaki O, Kale A. Hydrogen Peroxide: Its Use in an Extensive Acute Wound to Promote Wound Granulation and Infection Control - Is it Better Than Normal Saline? INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2021:15347346211032555. [PMID: 34338578 DOI: 10.1177/15347346211032555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background: Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is used as a topical antiseptic in contaminated wounds caused by road traffic accidents. It kills bacteria by producing oxidation through local, nascent, free oxygen radicals. It also removes dirt from the wound due to its frothing action. H2O2 is synthesized by various cells as an active biochemical agent that affects cell biological behavior through complex chemical reactions. H2O2 has also been used as a wound cleaning agent, removing debris, preventing infection, and causing hemostasis due to its exothermic reaction with blood. Despite its widespread use, there is scanty literature on its use to promote granulation tissue formation. Objective: In the orthopaedics literature, studies on H2O2 use are very limited and its potential is underestimated. In the present study, we would like to report our protocol of use of H2O2 for its tremendous potential for stimulating granulation and early wound healing. Material and Methods: A total of 53 patients with large acute extensive lower limb contaminated wounds reported to the emergency department have been included with and without lower limb fracture. In group A (43 patients) wound management was done using 7% H2O2 and group B (10 patients) was treated by only saline dressing as a control group. Results: In the present study, daily dressing by 7% H2O2 solution and provide solution gives excellent results compared to the Saline group. Granulation tissue appeared much earlier with a mean SD 6.3 ± 6.8 days in the hydrogen peroxide group as compared to the Saline group where granulation tissue appeared in 9.3 ± 8.4 days. Conclusion: Spontaneous wound healing is a controlled balance between destructive and healing processes. It is mandatory to remove damaged tissue to promote healing by secondary intention and minimize infection. The dynamic effect of H2O2 promotes faster healing, stimulates granulation, and minimizes infection by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Rai
- Base Hospital Guwahati, Basistha Guwahati, India
| | | | - Omna Shaki
- Base Hospital Guwahati, Basistha Guwahati, India
| | - Amit Kale
- Base Hospital Guwahati, Basistha Guwahati, India
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16
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Rosa AC, Corsi D, Cavi N, Bruni N, Dosio F. Superoxide Dismutase Administration: A Review of Proposed Human Uses. Molecules 2021; 26:1844. [PMID: 33805942 PMCID: PMC8037464 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are metalloenzymes that play a major role in antioxidant defense against oxidative stress in the body. SOD supplementation may therefore trigger the endogenous antioxidant machinery for the neutralization of free-radical excess and be used in a variety of pathological settings. This paper aimed to provide an extensive review of the possible uses of SODs in a range of pathological settings, as well as describe the current pitfalls and the delivery strategies that are in development to solve bioavailability issues. We carried out a PubMed query, using the keywords "SOD", "SOD mimetics", "SOD supplementation", which included papers published in the English language, between 2012 and 2020, on the potential therapeutic applications of SODs, including detoxification strategies. As highlighted in this paper, it can be argued that the generic antioxidant effects of SODs are beneficial under all tested conditions, from ocular and cardiovascular diseases to neurodegenerative disorders and metabolic diseases, including diabetes and its complications and obesity. However, it must be underlined that clinical evidence for its efficacy is limited and consequently, this efficacy is currently far from being demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Carolina Rosa
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (D.C.); (N.C.); (F.D.)
| | - Daniele Corsi
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (D.C.); (N.C.); (F.D.)
| | - Niccolò Cavi
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (D.C.); (N.C.); (F.D.)
| | - Natascia Bruni
- Istituto Farmaceutico Candioli, Strada Comunale di None, 1, 10092 Beinasco, Italy;
| | - Franco Dosio
- Department of Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; (D.C.); (N.C.); (F.D.)
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Batinic-Haberle I, Tovmasyan A, Huang Z, Duan W, Du L, Siamakpour-Reihani S, Cao Z, Sheng H, Spasojevic I, Alvarez Secord A. H 2O 2-Driven Anticancer Activity of Mn Porphyrins and the Underlying Molecular Pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6653790. [PMID: 33815656 PMCID: PMC7987459 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6653790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mn(III) ortho-N-alkyl- and N-alkoxyalkyl porphyrins (MnPs) were initially developed as superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimics. These compounds were later shown to react with numerous reactive species (such as ONOO-, H2O2, H2S, CO3 •-, ascorbate, and GSH). Moreover, the ability of MnPs to oxidatively modify activities of numerous proteins has emerged as their major mechanism of action both in normal and in cancer cells. Among those proteins are transcription factors (NF-κB and Nrf2), mitogen-activated protein kinases, MAPKs, antiapoptotic bcl-2, and endogenous antioxidative defenses. The lead Mn porphyrins, namely, MnTE-2-PyP5+ (BMX-010, AEOL10113), MnTnBuOE-2-PyP5+ (BMX-001), and MnTnHex-2-PyP5+, were tested in numerous injuries of normal tissue and cellular and animal cancer models. The wealth of the data led to the progression of MnTnBuOE-2-PyP5+ into four Phase II clinical trials on glioma, head and neck cancer, anal cancer, and multiple brain metastases, while MnTE-2-PyP5+ is in Phase II clinical trial on atopic dermatitis and itch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Batinic-Haberle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Artak Tovmasyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Weina Duan
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Neurobiology, and Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Li Du
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Neurobiology, and Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - Zhipeng Cao
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Neurobiology, and Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Huaxin Sheng
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Neurobiology, and Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ivan Spasojevic
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) Core Laboratory, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Angeles Alvarez Secord
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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18
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Li J, Wei J, Gao Z, Yin G, Li H. The oxidative reactivity of three manganese(III) porphyrin complexes with hydrogen peroxide and nitrite toward catalytic nitration of protein tyrosine. Metallomics 2021; 13:6134099. [PMID: 33576808 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfab005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the toxicological properties of MnIII-porphyrins (MnTPPS, MnTMPyP, or MnTBAP) can provide important biochemical rationales in developing them as the therapeutic drugs against protein tyrosine nitration-induced inflammation diseases. Here, we present a comprehensive understanding of the pH-dependent redox behaviors of these MnIII-porphyrins and their structural effects on catalyzing bovine serum albumin (BSA) nitration in the presence of H2O2 and NO2-. It was found that both MnTPPS and MnTBAP stand out in catalyzing BSA nitration at physiologically close condition (pH 8), yet they are less effective at pH 6 and 10. MnTMPyP was shown to have no ability to catalyze BSA nitration under all tested pHs (pH 6, 8, and 10). The kinetics and active intermediate determination through electrochemistry method revealed that both the pH-dependent redox behavior of the central metal cation and the antioxidant capability of porphin derivative contribute to the catalytic activities of three MnIII-porphyrins in BSA nitration in the presence of H2O2/NO2-. These comprehensive studies on the oxidative reactivity of MnIII-porphyrins toward BSA nitration may provide new clues for searching the manganese-based therapeutic drugs against the inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Li
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Wei
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zhonghong Gao
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Guochuan Yin
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Hailing Li
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
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Hong YA, Park CW. Catalytic Antioxidants in the Kidney. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010130. [PMID: 33477607 PMCID: PMC7831323 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species are highly implicated in kidney injuries that include acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, hypertensive nephropathy, and diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, antioxidant agents are promising therapeutic strategies for kidney diseases. Catalytic antioxidants are defined as small molecular mimics of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, and some of them function as potent detoxifiers of lipid peroxides and peroxynitrite. Several catalytic antioxidants have been demonstrated to be effective in a variety of in vitro and in vivo disease models that are associated with oxidative stress, including kidney diseases. This review summarizes the evidence for the role of antioxidant enzymes in kidney diseases, the classifications of catalytic antioxidants, and their current applications to kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ah Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
| | - Cheol Whee Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
- Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2258-6038
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Rodríguez M, Valez V, Cimarra C, Blasina F, Radi R. Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Facts, Unknowns, and Challenges. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:247-262. [PMID: 32295425 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Hypoxic-ischemic events due to intrapartum complications represent the second cause of neonatal mortality and initiate an acute brain disorder known as hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). In HIE, the brain undergoes primary and secondary energy failure phases separated by a latent phase in which partial neuronal recovery is observed. A hypoxic-ischemic event leads to oxygen restriction causing ATP depletion, neuronal oxidative stress, and cell death. Mitochondrial dysfunction and enhanced oxidant formation in brain cells are characteristic phenomena associated with energy failure. Recent Advances: Mitochondrial sources of oxidants in neurons include complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, as a key contributor to O2•- production via succinate by a reverse electron transport mechanism. The reaction of O2•- with nitric oxide (•NO) yields peroxynitrite, a mitochondrial and cellular toxin. Quantitation of the redox state of cytochrome c oxidase, through broadband near-infrared spectroscopy, represents a promising monitoring approach to evaluate mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo in humans, in conjunction with the determination of cerebral oxygenation and their correlation with the severity of brain injury. Critical Issues: The energetic failure being a key phenomenon in HIE connected with the severity of the encephalopathy, measurement of mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo provides an approach to assess evolution, prognosis, and adequate therapies. Restoration of mitochondrial redox homeostasis constitutes a key therapeutic goal. Future Directions: While hypothermia is the only currently accepted therapy in clinical management to preserve mitochondrial function, other mitochondria-targeted and/or redox-based treatments are likely to synergize to ensure further efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianela Rodríguez
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO) and Facultad de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Departamento de Neonatología, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Valeria Valez
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO) and Facultad de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Carolina Cimarra
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO) and Facultad de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fernanda Blasina
- Departamento de Neonatología, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rafael Radi
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO) and Facultad de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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21
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Shrishrimal S, Chatterjee A, Kosmacek EA, Davis PJ, McDonald JT, Oberley-Deegan RE. Manganese porphyrin, MnTE-2-PyP, treatment protects the prostate from radiation-induced fibrosis (RIF) by activating the NRF2 signaling pathway and enhancing SOD2 and sirtuin activity. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 152:255-270. [PMID: 32222469 PMCID: PMC7276298 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is a frequently used treatment for prostate cancer patients. Manganese (III) meso-tetrakis (N-ethylpyridinium-2-yl) porphyrin (MnTE-2-PyP or T2E or BMX-010) and other similar manganese porphyrin compounds that scavenge superoxide molecules have been demonstrated to be effective radioprotectors and prevent the development of radiation-induced fibrosis (RIF). However, understanding the molecular pathway changes associated with these compounds remains limited for radioprotection. Recent RNA-sequencing data from our laboratory revealed that MnTE-2-PyP treatment activated the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling pathway. Therefore, we hypothesize that MnTE-2-PyP protects the prostate from RIF by activating the NRF2 signaling pathway. We identified that MnTE-2-PyP is a post-translational activator of NRF2 signaling in prostate fibroblast cells, which plays a major role in fibroblast activation and myofibroblast differentiation. The mechanism of NRF2 activation involves an increase in hydrogen peroxide and a corresponding decrease in kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) levels. Activation of NRF2 signaling leads to an increase in expression of NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 (NQO1), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels, sirtuin activity (nuclear and mitochondrial), and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) expression/activity. Increase in mitochondrial sirtuin activity correlates with a decrease in SOD2 (K122) acetylation. This decrease in SOD2 K122 acetylation correlates with an increase in SOD2 activity and mitochondrial superoxide scavenging capacity. Further, in human primary prostate fibroblast cells, the NRF2 pathway plays a major role in the fibroblast to myofibroblast transformation, which is responsible for the fibrotic phenotype. In the context of radiation protection, MnTE-2-PyP fails to prevent fibroblast to myofibroblast transformation in the absence of NRF2 signaling. Collectively, our results indicate that the activation of the NRF2 signaling pathway by MnTE-2-PyP is at least a partial mechanism of radioprotection in prostate fibroblast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Shrishrimal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Arpita Chatterjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Kosmacek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | | | - J Tyson McDonald
- Department of Physics, Hampton University, Hampton, VA, 23668, USA
| | - Rebecca E Oberley-Deegan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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22
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Patel A, Kosmacek EA, Fisher KW, Goldner W, Oberley-Deegan RE. MnTnBuOE-2-PyP treatment protects from radioactive iodine (I-131) treatment-related side effects in thyroid cancer. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2020; 59:99-109. [PMID: 31728622 PMCID: PMC7012978 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-019-00820-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer often involves administration of radioactive iodine (I-131) for remnant ablation or adjuvant therapy. However, there is morbidity associated with I-131 therapy, which can result in both acute and chronic complications. Currently, there are no approved radioprotectors that can be used in conjunction with I-131 to reduce complications in thyroid cancer therapy. It is well known that the damaging effects of ionizing radiation are mediated, in part, by the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). A potent scavenger of ROS, Mn(III)meso-tetrakis(N-n-butoxyethylpyridinium-2-yl)porphyrin (MnTnBuOE-2-PyP), has radioprotective and anti-tumor effects in various cancer models including head and neck, prostate, and brain tumors exposed to external beam radiation therapy. Female C57BL/6 mice were administered I-131 orally at doses of 0.0085-0.01 mCi/g (3.145 × 105 to 3.7 × 105 Bq) of body weight with or without MnTnBuOE-2-PyP. We measured acute external inflammation, blood cell counts, and collected thyroid tissue and salivary glands for histological examination. We found oral administration of I-131 caused an acute decrease in platelets and white blood cells, caused facial swelling, and loss of thyroid and salivary tissues. However, when MnTnBuOE-2-PyP was given during and after I-131 administration, blood cell counts remained in the normal range, less facial inflammation was observed, and the salivary glands were protected from radiation-induced killing. These data indicate that MnTnBuOE-2-PyP may be a potent radioprotector of salivary glands in thyroid cancer patients receiving I-131 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anery Patel
- Division of Endocrine, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Kosmacek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Kurt W Fisher
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Whitney Goldner
- Division of Endocrine, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Rebecca E Oberley-Deegan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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23
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Anselmo W, Branchetti E, Grau JB, Li G, Ayoub S, Lai EK, Rioux N, Tovmasyan A, Fortier JH, Sacks MS, Batinic-Haberle I, Hazen SL, Levy RJ, Ferrari G. Porphyrin-Based SOD Mimic MnTnBu OE -2-PyP 5+ Inhibits Mechanisms of Aortic Valve Remodeling in Human and Murine Models of Aortic Valve Sclerosis. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 7:e007861. [PMID: 30371255 PMCID: PMC6474974 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.007861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Aortic valve sclerosis (AVSc), the early asymptomatic presentation of calcific aortic valve (AV) disease, affects 25% to 30% of patients aged >65 years. In vitro and ex vivo experiments with antioxidant strategies and antagonists of osteogenic differentiation revealed that AVSc is reversible. In this study, we characterized the underlying changes in the extracellular matrix architecture and valve interstitial cell activation in AVSc and tested in vitro and in vivo the activity of a clinically approved SOD (superoxide dismutase) mimic and redox‐active drug MnTnBuOE‐2‐PyP5+ (BMX‐001). Methods and Results After receiving informed consent, samples from patients with AVSc, AV stenosis, and controls were collected. Uniaxial mechanical stimulation and in vitro studies on human valve interstitial cells were performed. An angiotensin II chronic infusion model was used to impose AV thickening and remodeling. We characterized extracellular matrix structures by small‐angle light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, histology, and mass spectrometry. Diseased human valves showed altered collagen fiber alignment and ultrastructural changes in AVSc, accumulation of oxidized cross‐linking products in AV stenosis, and reversible expression of extracellular matrix regulators ex vivo. We demonstrated that MnTnBuOE‐2‐PyP5+ inhibits human valve interstitial cell activation and extracellular matrix remodeling in a murine model (C57BL/6J) of AVSc by electron microscopy and histology. Conclusions AVSc is associated with architectural remodeling despite marginal effects on the mechanical properties in both human and mice. MnTnBuOE‐2‐PyP5+ controls AV thickening in a murine model of AVSc. Because this compound has been approved recently for clinical use, this work could shift the focus for the treatment of calcific AV disease, moving from AV stenosis to an earlier presentation (AVSc) that could be more responsive to medical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan B Grau
- 2 Ottawa Heart Institute Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Gen Li
- 3 Columbia University New York NY
| | | | - Eric K Lai
- 1 University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA
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24
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Costa JG, Saraiva N, Batinic-Haberle I, Castro M, Oliveira NG, Fernandes AS. The SOD Mimic MnTnHex-2-PyP 5+ Reduces the Viability and Migration of 786-O Human Renal Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8100490. [PMID: 31627290 PMCID: PMC6826590 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8100490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear-cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of renal cancer. The importance of oxidative stress in the context of this disease has been described, although there is only little information concerning the role of superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes. The importance of SOD in different pathological conditions promoted the development of SOD mimics (SODm). As such, manganese(III) porphyrins can mimic the natural SOD enzymes and scavenge different reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus modulating the cellular redox status. In this study, the exposure of 786-O human renal cancer cells to MnTnHex-2-PyP5+ (MnP), a very promising SODm, led to a concentration and time-dependent decrease in cell viability and in the cell proliferation indices, as well as to an increase in apoptosis. No relevant effects in terms of micronuclei formation were observed. Moreover, the exposure to MnP resulted in a concentration-dependent increase in intracellular ROS, presumably due to the generation of H2O2 by the inherent redox mechanisms of MnP, along with the limited ability of cancer cells to detoxify this species. Although the MnP treatment did not result in a reduction in the collective cell migration, a significant decrease in chemotactic migration was observed. Overall, these results suggest that MnP has a beneficial impact on reducing renal cancer cell viability and migration and warrant further studies regarding SODm-based therapeutic strategies against human renal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- João G Costa
- Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal.
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Nuno Saraiva
- Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Ines Batinic-Haberle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Matilde Castro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Nuno G Oliveira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Ana S Fernandes
- Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal.
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25
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Mapuskar KA, Anderson CM, Spitz DR, Batinic-Haberle I, Allen BG, E Oberley-Deegan R. Utilizing Superoxide Dismutase Mimetics to Enhance Radiation Therapy Response While Protecting Normal Tissues. Semin Radiat Oncol 2019; 29:72-80. [PMID: 30573187 DOI: 10.1016/j.semradonc.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Symptomatic normal tissue injury is a common side effect following definitive therapeutic radiation and chemotherapy treatment for a variety of malignancies. These cancer therapy related toxicities may occur acutely during treatment resulting in reduced or missed therapy agent administration or after the completion of therapy resulting in significant chronic morbidities that significantly diminish patient quality of life. Radiation and chemotherapy induce the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) both in normal tissues and tumor cells. One type of ROS common to both chemotherapy and radiation therapy is the formation of superoxide (O2•-). Fortunately, due to metabolic differences between cancer and normal cell metabolism, as well as improved targeting techniques, ROS generation following radiation and chemotherapy is generally greater in cancer cells compared to normal tissues. However, the levels of ROS generated in normal tissues are capable of inducing significant toxicity. Thus, several groups are focusing on metabolism-based approaches to mitigate normal tissue effects occurring both during and following cancer therapy. This review will summarize the most current preclinical and clinical data available demonstrating the efficacy of small molecule, superoxide dismutase mimetics in minimizing radiation and chemotherapy-induced normal tissue injury, resulting in enhanced patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kranti A Mapuskar
- From the Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA.; Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Carryn M Anderson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Douglas R Spitz
- From the Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA.; Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Ines Batinic-Haberle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Bryan G Allen
- From the Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA.; Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA..
| | - Rebecca E Oberley-Deegan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE..
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Abstract
In this Review, we focus on catalytic antioxidant study based on transition metal complexes, organoselenium compounds, supramolecules and protein scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riku Kubota
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji
- Japan
| | - Shoichiro Asayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji
- Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji
- Japan
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The long-term hematopoietic stem cell (LT-HSC) demonstrates characteristics of self-renewal and the ability to manage expansion of the hematopoietic compartment while maintaining the capacity for differentiation into hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) and terminal subpopulations. Deregulation of the HSPC redox environment results in loss of signaling that normally controls HSPC fate, leading to a loss of HSPC function and exhaustion. The characteristics of HSPC exhaustion via redox stress closely mirror phenotypic traits of hematopoietic malignancies and the leukemic stem cell (LSC). These facets elucidate the HSC/LSC redox environment as a druggable target and a growing area of cancer research. Recent Advances: Although myelosuppression and exhaustion of the hematopoietic niche are detrimental side effects of classical chemotherapies, new agents that modify the HSPC/LSC redox environment have demonstrated the potential for protection of normal HSPC function while inducing cytotoxicity within malignant populations. CRITICAL ISSUES New therapies must preserve, or only slightly disturb normal HSPC redox balance and function, while simultaneously altering the malignant cellular redox state. The cascade nature of redox damage makes this a critical and delicate line for the development of a redox-based therapeutic index. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Recent evidence demonstrates the potential for redox-based therapies to impact metabolic and epigenetic factors that could contribute to initial LSC transformation. This is balanced by the development of therapies that protect HSPC function. This pushes toward therapies that may alter the HSC/LSC redox state but lead to initiation cell fate signaling lost in malignant transformation while protecting normal HSPC function. Antioxid. Redox Signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin Carroll
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Daret K St Clair
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
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Batinic-Haberle I, Tovmasyan A, Spasojevic I. Mn Porphyrin-Based Redox-Active Drugs: Differential Effects as Cancer Therapeutics and Protectors of Normal Tissue Against Oxidative Injury. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:1691-1724. [PMID: 29926755 PMCID: PMC6207162 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE After approximatelty three decades of research, two Mn(III) porphyrins (MnPs), MnTE-2-PyP5+ (BMX-010, AEOL10113) and MnTnBuOE-2-PyP5+ (BMX-001), have progressed to five clinical trials. In parallel, another similarly potent metal-based superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimic-Mn(II)pentaaza macrocycle, GC4419-has been tested in clinical trial on application, identical to that of MnTnBuOE-2-PyP5+-radioprotection of normal tissue in head and neck cancer patients. This clearly indicates that Mn complexes that target cellular redox environment have reached sufficient maturity for clinical applications. Recent Advances: While originally developed as SOD mimics, MnPs undergo intricate interactions with numerous redox-sensitive pathways, such as those involving nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), thereby impacting cellular transcriptional activity. An increasing amount of data support the notion that MnP/H2O2/glutathione (GSH)-driven catalysis of S-glutathionylation of protein cysteine, associated with modification of protein function, is a major action of MnPs on molecular level. CRITICAL ISSUES Differential effects of MnPs on normal versus tumor cells/tissues, which support their translation into clinic, arise from differences in their accumulation and redox environment of such tissues. This in turn results in different yields of MnP-driven modifications of proteins. Thus far, direct evidence for such modification of NF-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), phosphatases, Nrf2, and endogenous antioxidative defenses was provided in tumor, while indirect evidence shows the modification of NF-κB and Nrf2 translational activities by MnPs in normal tissue. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Studies that simultaneously explore differential effects in same animal are lacking, while they are essential for understanding of extremely intricate interactions of metal-based drugs with complex cellular networks of normal and cancer cells/tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Batinic-Haberle
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Artak Tovmasyan
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ivan Spasojevic
- 2 Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, North Carolina.,3 PK/PD Core Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Research Shared Resource, Duke Cancer Institute , Durham, North Carolina
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29
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Tovmasyan A, Bueno-Janice JC, Jaramillo MC, Sampaio RS, Reboucas JS, Kyui N, Benov L, Deng B, Huang TT, Tome ME, Spasojevic I, Batinic-Haberle I. Radiation-Mediated Tumor Growth Inhibition Is Significantly Enhanced with Redox-Active Compounds That Cycle with Ascorbate. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:1196-1214. [PMID: 29390861 PMCID: PMC6157436 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We aim here to demonstrate that radiation (RT) enhances tumor sensitization by only those Mn complexes that are redox active and cycle with ascorbate (Asc), thereby producing H2O2 and utilizing it subsequently in protein S-glutathionylation in a glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like manner. In turn, such compounds affect cellular redox environment, described by glutathione disulfide (GSSG)/glutathione (GSH) ratio, and tumor growth. To achieve our goal, we tested several Mn complexes of different chemical and physical properties in cellular and animal flank models of 4T1 breast cancer cell. Four other cancer cell lines were used to substantiate key findings. RESULTS Joint administration of cationic Mn porphyrin (MnP)-based redox active compounds, MnTE-2-PyP5+ or MnTnBuOE-2-PyP5+ with RT and Asc contributes to high H2O2 production in cancer cells and tumor, which along with high MnP accumulation in cancer cells and tumor induces the largest suppression of cell viability and tumor growth, while increasing GSSG/GSH ratio and levels of total S-glutathionylated proteins. Redox-inert MnP, MnTBAP3- and two other different types of redox-active Mn complexes (EUK-8 and M40403) were neither efficacious in the cellular nor in the animal model. Such outcome is in accordance with their inability to catalyze Asc oxidation and mimic GPx. INNOVATION We provided here the first evidence how structure-activity relationship between the catalytic potency and the redox properties of Mn complexes controls their ability to impact cellular redox environment and thus enhance the radiation and ascorbate-mediated tumor suppression. CONCLUSIONS The interplay between the accumulation of cationic MnPs and their potency as catalysts for oxidation of Asc, protein cysteines, and GSH controls the magnitude of their anticancer therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artak Tovmasyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | | | - Romulo S. Sampaio
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Julio S. Reboucas
- Departamento de Quimica, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Natalia Kyui
- Canadian Economic Analysis Department, Bank of Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ludmil Benov
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait
| | - Brian Deng
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, California
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Ting-Ting Huang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Geriatric Research. Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California
| | - Margaret E. Tome
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ivan Spasojevic
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- PK/PD Core Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Research Shared Resource, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ines Batinic-Haberle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
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Rovira-Llopis S, Apostolova N, Bañuls C, Muntané J, Rocha M, Victor VM. Mitochondria, the NLRP3 Inflammasome, and Sirtuins in Type 2 Diabetes: New Therapeutic Targets. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:749-791. [PMID: 29256638 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Type 2 diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia can lead to the development of comorbidities such as atherosclerosis and microvascular/macrovascular complications. Both type 2 diabetes and its complications are related to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Type 2 diabetes is also a chronic inflammatory condition that leads to inflammasome activation and the release of proinflammatory mediators, including interleukins (ILs) IL-1β and IL-18. Moreover, sirtuins are energetic sensors that respond to metabolic load, which highlights their relevance in metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes. Recent Advances: Over the past decade, great progress has been made in clarifying the signaling events regulated by mitochondria, inflammasomes, and sirtuins. Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) is the best characterized inflammasome, and the generation of oxidant species seems to be critical for its activation. NLRP3 inflammasome activation and altered sirtuin levels have been observed in type 2 diabetes. Critical Issue: Despite increasing evidence of the relationship between the NLRP3 inflammasome, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress and of their participation in type 2 diabetes physiopathology, therapeutic strategies to combat type 2 diabetes that target NLRP3 inflammasome and sirtuins are yet to be consolidated. FUTURE DIRECTIONS In this review article, we attempt to provide an overview of the existing literature concerning the crosstalk between mitochondrial impairment and the inflammasome, with particular attention to cellular and mitochondrial redox metabolism and the potential role of the NLRP3 inflammasome and sirtuins in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. In addition, we discuss potential targets for therapeutic intervention based on these molecular interactions. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 749-791.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Rovira-Llopis
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Nadezda Apostolova
- 2 Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain .,4 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMÉDICA EN RED de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Muntané
- 3 Department of General Surgery, Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/IBiS/CSIC/University of Seville , Seville, Spain .,4 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMÉDICA EN RED de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain .,4 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMÉDICA EN RED de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor M Victor
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain .,4 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMÉDICA EN RED de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) , Madrid, Spain .,5 Department of Physiology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
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Cline JM, Dugan G, Bourland JD, Perry DL, Stitzel JD, Weaver AA, Jiang C, Tovmasyan A, Owzar K, Spasojevic I, Batinic-Haberle I, Vujaskovic Z. Post-Irradiation Treatment with a Superoxide Dismutase Mimic, MnTnHex-2-PyP 5+, Mitigates Radiation Injury in the Lungs of Non-Human Primates after Whole-Thorax Exposure to Ionizing Radiation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018. [PMID: 29518913 PMCID: PMC5874526 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7030040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation injury to the lung is the result of acute and chronic free radical formation, and there are currently few effective means of mitigating such injury. Studies in rodents indicate that superoxide dismutase mimetics may be effective in this regard; however, studies in humans or large animals are lacking. We hypothesized that post-exposure treatment with the lipophilic mitochondrial superoxide dismutase mimetic, MnTnHex-2-PyP5+ (hexyl), would reduce radiation-induced pneumonitis and fibrosis in the lungs of nonhuman primates. Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) received 10 Gy whole thorax irradiation, 10 Gy + hexyl treatment, sham irradiation, or sham irradiation + hexyl. Hexyl was given twice daily, subcutaneously, at 0.05 mg/kg, for 2 months. Animals were monitored daily, and respiratory rates, pulse oximetry, hematology and serum chemistry panels were performed weekly. Computed tomography scans were performed at 0, 2, and 4 months after irradiation. Supportive fluid therapy, corticosteroids, analgesics, and antibiotics were given as needed. All animals were humanely euthanized 4.5 months after irradiation, and pathologic assessments were made. Multifocal, progressive lung lesions were seen at 2 and 4 months in both irradiated groups. Hexyl treatment delayed the onset of radiation-induced lung lesions, reduced elevations of respiratory rate, and reduced pathologic increases in lung weight. No adverse effects of hexyl treatment were found. These results demonstrate (1) development of a nonhuman primate model of radiation-induced lung injury, (2) a significant mitigating effect of hexyl treatment on lung pathology in this model, and (3) no evidence for toxicity of hexyl at the dose studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Mark Cline
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1040, USA.
| | - Greg Dugan
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1040, USA.
| | - John Daniel Bourland
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1040, USA.
| | - Donna L Perry
- Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1040, USA.
- Integrated Research Facility, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
| | - Joel D Stitzel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Biotech Place, 575 N. Patterson Ave., Winston-Salem, NC 21701, USA.
| | - Ashley A Weaver
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Biotech Place, 575 N. Patterson Ave., Winston-Salem, NC 21701, USA.
| | - Chen Jiang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | - Artak Tovmasyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | - Kouros Owzar
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | - Ivan Spasojevic
- Department of Medicine Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
- Duke Cancer Institute, Pharmaceutical Research Shared Resource, PK/PD Core Laboratory, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | - Ines Batinic-Haberle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | - Zeljko Vujaskovic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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Tao Y, Xie S, Xu F, Liu A, Wang Y, Chen D, Pan Y, Huang L, Peng D, Wang X, Yuan Z. Ochratoxin A: Toxicity, oxidative stress and metabolism. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 112:320-331. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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33
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Novel PEI–AuNPs–Mn III PPIX nanocomposite with enhanced peroxidase-like catalytic activity in aqueous media. CR CHIM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Chatterjee A, Zhu Y, Tong Q, Kosmacek EA, Lichter EZ, Oberley-Deegan RE. The Addition of Manganese Porphyrins during Radiation Inhibits Prostate Cancer Growth and Simultaneously Protects Normal Prostate Tissue from Radiation Damage. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:antiox7010021. [PMID: 29370088 PMCID: PMC5789331 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy is commonly used for prostate cancer treatment; however, normal tissues can be damaged from the reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by radiation. In separate reports, we and others have shown that manganese porphyrins (MnPs), ROS scavengers, protect normal cells from radiation-induced damage but inhibit prostate cancer cell growth. However, there have been no studies demonstrating that MnPs protect normal tissues, while inhibiting tumor growth in the same model. LNCaP or PC3 cells were orthotopically implanted into athymic mice and treated with radiation (2 Gy, for 5 consecutive days) in the presence or absence of MnPs. With radiation, MnPs enhanced overall life expectancy and significantly decreased the average tumor volume, as compared to the radiated alone group. MnPs enhanced lipid oxidation in tumor cells but reduced oxidative damage to normal prostate tissue adjacent to the prostate tumor in combination with radiation. Mechanistically, MnPs behave as pro-oxidants or antioxidants depending on the level of oxidative stress inside the treated cell. We found that MnPs act as pro-oxidants in prostate cancer cells, while in normal cells and tissues the MnPs act as antioxidants. For the first time, in the same in vivo model, this study reveals that MnPs enhance the tumoricidal effect of radiation and reduce oxidative damage to normal prostate tissue adjacent to the prostate tumor in the presence of radiation. This study suggests that MnPs are effective radio-protectors for radiation-mediated prostate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Chatterjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
| | - Yuxiang Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
| | - Qiang Tong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Elizabeth A Kosmacek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
| | - Eliezer Z Lichter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
| | - Rebecca E Oberley-Deegan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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CNS bioavailability and radiation protection of normal hippocampal neurogenesis by a lipophilic Mn porphyrin-based superoxide dismutase mimic, MnTnBuOE-2-PyP 5. Redox Biol 2017; 12:864-871. [PMID: 28454069 PMCID: PMC5407575 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although radiation therapy can be effective against cancer, potential damage to normal tissues limits the amount that can be safely administered. In central nervous system (CNS), radiation damage to normal tissues is presented, in part, as suppressed hippocampal neurogenesis and impaired cognitive functions. Mn porphyrin (MnP)-based redox active drugs have demonstrated differential effects on cancer and normal tissues in experimental animals that lead to protection of normal tissues and radio- and chemo-sensitization of cancers. To test the efficacy of MnPs in CNS radioprotection, we first examined the tissue levels of three different MnPs – MnTE-2-PyP5+(MnE), MnTnHex-2-PyP5+(MnHex), and MnTnBuOE-2-PyP5+(MnBuOE). Nanomolar concentrations of MnHex and MnBuOE were detected in various brain regions after daily subcutaneous administration, and MnBuOE was well tolerated at a daily dose of 3 mg/kg. Administration of MnBuOE for one week before cranial irradiation and continued for one week afterwards supported production and long-term survival of newborn neurons in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. MnP-driven S-glutathionylation in cortex and hippocampus showed differential responses to MnP administration and radiation in these two brain regions. A better understanding of how preserved hippocampal neurogenesis correlates with cognitive functions following cranial irradiation will be helpful in designing better MnP-based radioprotection strategies. Bioavailability of MnPs in individual brain regions were determined by LC-MS/MS. CNS MnBuOE and MnHex levels were between 15 and 160 nM after daily administration. MnBuOE administration ameliorated radiation effects on hippocampal neurogenesis. MnBuOE preserved categories E&F Dcx+ neurons after cranial irradiation. MnBuOE and irradiation lead to changes in protein S-glutathionylation in the CNS.
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Abedi M, Nabid MR, Shirvani-Arani S, Bahrami-Samani A, Vahidfar N. Preparation and biological evaluation of a carrier free 90yttrium labelled porphyrin as a possible agent for targeted therapy of tumor. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2017. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424617300038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this research article, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(phenyl)porphyrin (H2TPP) was produced and characterized. Then, radiolabeling of H2TPP was performed using the carrier free Y-90 which was prepared by the use of a home-made yttrium imprinted sorbent. The radiolabeling procedure was accomplished at 60 [Formula: see text] C during 12 h with a suitable radiochemical purity (95 ± 2% ITLC, 99 ± 0.5% HPLC) and specific activity of (1.0 ± 0.1 GBq/mmol). The obtained radio-labeled H2TPP in final formulation was kept for a week in order to investigate the complex stability. Accordingly, the partition coefficient was calculated as log [Formula: see text] 2.05. Furthermore, the biodistribution of the [Formula: see text]Y–TPP was determined in vital organs of normal wild-type rats using scarification studies. The kidneys could mostly remove the radio-complexes from the blood circulation and in less extends from the liver. As a result it is expected that due to its lipophilicity the higher mitochondrial and thus, tumor cell uptake of this radiolabeled porphyrin happens and therefore [Formula: see text]Y–TPP could act as an efficient potential agent for targeted therapy of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahvash Abedi
- Department of polymer, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., 1983963113, Tehran, Iran
- Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), P.O. Box: 11365-8486, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Nabid
- Department of polymer, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., 1983963113, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Bahrami-Samani
- Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), P.O. Box: 11365-8486, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Vahidfar
- Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), P.O. Box: 11365-8486, Tehran, Iran
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Rajic Z, Tovmasyan A, de Santana OL, Peixoto IN, Spasojevic I, do Monte SA, Ventura E, Rebouças JS, Batinic-Haberle I. Challenges encountered during development of Mn porphyrin-based, potent redox-active drug and superoxide dismutase mimic, MnTnBuOE-2-PyP 5+, and its alkoxyalkyl analogues. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 169:50-60. [PMID: 28131001 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We disclose here the studies that preceded and guided the preparation of the metal-based, redox-active therapeutic Mn(III) meso-tetrakis(N-n-butoxyethylpyridyl)porphyrin, MnTnBuOE-2-PyP5+ (BMX-001), which is currently in Phase I/II Clinical Trials at Duke University (USA) as a radioprotector of normal tissues in cancer patients. N-substituted pyridylporphyrins are ligands for Mn(III) complexes that are among the most potent superoxide dismutase mimics thus far synthesized. To advance their design, thereby improving their physical and chemical properties and bioavailability/toxicity profiles, we undertook a systematic study on placing oxygen atoms into N-alkylpyridyl chains via alkoxyalkylation reaction. For the first time we show here the unforeseen structural rearrangement that happens during the alkoxyalkylation reaction by the corresponding tosylates. Comprehensive experimental and computational approaches were employed to solve the rearrangement mechanism involved in quaternization of pyridyl nitrogens, which, instead of a single product, led to a variety of mixed N-alkoxyalkylated and N-alkylated pyridylporphyrins. The rearrangement mechanism involves the formation of an intermediate alkyl oxonium cation in a chain-length-dependent manner, which subsequently drives differential kinetics and thermodynamics of competing N-alkoxyalkylation versus in situ N-alkylation. The use of alkoxyalkyl tosylates, of different length of alkyl fragments adjacent to oxygen atom, allowed us to identify the set of alkyl fragments that would result in the synthesis of a single compound of high purity and excellent therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zrinka Rajic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Artak Tovmasyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Otávio L de Santana
- Departamento de Química, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Isabelle N Peixoto
- Departamento de Química, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Ivan Spasojevic
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Cancer Institute, Pharmaceutical Research Shared Resource, PK/PD Core Laboratory, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Silmar A do Monte
- Departamento de Química, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Elizete Ventura
- Departamento de Química, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Júlio S Rebouças
- Departamento de Química, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil.
| | - Ines Batinic-Haberle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Haghnejad Azar A, Oryan S, Bohlooli S, Panahpour H. Alpha-Tocopherol Reduces Brain Edema and Protects Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity following Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats. Med Princ Pract 2017; 26:17-22. [PMID: 27606423 PMCID: PMC5588319 DOI: 10.1159/000450648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to examine the neuroprotective effects of α-tocopherol against edema formation and disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) following transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 major groups (n = 32 in each), namely the sham, and control and α-tocopherol-treated (30 mg/kg) ischemic groups. Transient focal cerebral ischemia (90 min) was induced by occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery. At the end of the 24-hour reperfusion period, the animals were randomly selected and used for 4 investigations (n = 8) in each of the 3 main groups: (a) assessment of neurological score and measurement of infarct size, (b) detection of brain edema formation by the wet/dry method, (c) evaluation of BBB permeability using the Evans blue (EB) extravasation technique, and (d) assessment of the malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations using high-performance liquid chromatography methods. RESULTS Induction of cerebral ischemia in the control group produced extensive brain edema (brain water content 83.8 ± 0.11%) and EB leakage into brain parenchyma (14.58 ± 1.29 µg/g) in conjunction with reduced GSH and elevated MDA levels (5.86 ± 0.31 mmol/mg and 63.57 ± 5.42 nmol/mg, respectively). Treatment with α-tocopherol significantly lowered brain edema formation and reduced EB leakage compared with the control group (p < 0.001, 80.1 ± 0.32% and 6.66 ± 0.87 µg/g, respectively). Meanwhile, treatment with α-tocopherol retained tissue GSH levels and led to a lower MDA level (p < 0.01, 10.17 ± 0.83 mmol/mg, and p < 0.001, 26.84 ± 4.79 nmol/mg, respectively). CONCLUSION Treatment with α-tocopherol reduced ischemic edema formation and produced protective effects on BBB function following ischemic stroke occurrence. This effect could be through increasing antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shahrbanoo Oryan
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hamdollah Panahpour
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- *Hamdollah Panahpour, PhD, Department of Physiology, Medical School, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil 56197 (Iran), E-Mail
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Zhu G, Wang Q, Lu S, Niu Y. Hydrogen Peroxide: A Potential Wound Therapeutic Target? Med Princ Pract 2017; 26:301-308. [PMID: 28384636 PMCID: PMC5768111 DOI: 10.1159/000475501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a topical antiseptic used in wound cleaning which kills pathogens through oxidation burst and local oxygen production. H2O2 has been reported to be a reactive biochemical molecule synthesized by various cells that influences biological behavior through multiple mechanisms: alterations of membrane potential, generation of new molecules, and changing intracellular redox balance, which results in activation or inactivation of different signaling transduction pathways. Contrary to the traditional viewpoint that H2O2 probably impairs tissue through its high oxidative property, a proper level of H2O2 is considered an important requirement for normal wound healing. Although the present clinical use of H2O2 is still limited to the elimination of microbial contamination and sometimes hemostasis, better understanding towards the sterilization ability and cell behavior regulatory function of H2O2 within wounds will enhance the potential to exogenously augment and manipulate healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yiwen Niu
- *Yiwen Niu, Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai (China), E-Mail
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Mizrahi A, Zilbermann I, Maimon E, Cohen H, Meyerstein D. Different oxidation mechanisms of MnII(polyphosphate)n by the radicals and. J COORD CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2016.1190451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mizrahi
- Chemistry Department, Nuclear Research Centre Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Chemistry Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Israel Zilbermann
- Chemistry Department, Nuclear Research Centre Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Chemistry Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Eric Maimon
- Chemistry Department, Nuclear Research Centre Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Chemistry Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Haim Cohen
- Chemical Sciences Department and the Schlesinger Family Center for Compact Accelerators, Radiation Sources and Applications, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Dan Meyerstein
- Chemistry Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Chemical Sciences Department and the Schlesinger Family Center for Compact Accelerators, Radiation Sources and Applications, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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Gad SC, Sullivan DW, Spasojevic I, Mujer CV, Spainhour CB, Crapo JD. Nonclinical Safety and Toxicokinetics of MnTnBuOE-2-PyP5+ (BMX-001). Int J Toxicol 2016; 35:438-53. [PMID: 27098749 DOI: 10.1177/1091581816642766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BMX-001, a manganese porphyrin that has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor properties, is being developed as a potential therapeutic for high-grade glioma (HGG) and head and neck (H&N) cancer. An IND has been opened for BMX-001 in the treatment of HGG (NCT02655601) and another is in preparation for H&N. The safety of BMX-001 has been evaluated in a battery of nonclinical Good Laboratory Practice (GLP)-compliant studies. Systemic toxicity has been evaluated using the intended cGMP product administered subcutaneously for periods of up to 5 weeks in both the mouse and the monkey and included toxicokinetic evaluations to characterize systemic exposure and tissue distribution and clearance of BMX-001. In additional GLP studies, BMX-001 was not irritating to the skin or eye and caused no changes in cardiac rate or rhythm or blood pressure. Mixed results for genotoxicity were seen with the weight of evidence indicating that BMX-001 poses no genotoxic risk in humans. In systemic mouse and monkey studies, loading/maintenance dose no observed adverse effect levels were 12/2 mg/kg/dose and 6/2 mg/kg/dose, respectively, with maintenance doses administered every 3 days after the initial loading dose. Systemic data were used to determine a Food and Drug Administration-approved safe starting dose for the initial clinical study in patients with HGG. BMX-001 was detected in analyzed tissues, including the brain, persisting well past the short plasma clearance period. The highest levels of BMX-001 were seen in the liver and kidneys, with amounts in these tissues returning to close to undetectable levels after a 2-week cessation of dosing.
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Miriyala S, Thippakorn C, Chaiswing L, Xu Y, Noel T, Tovmasyan A, Batinic-Haberle I, Vander Kooi CW, Chi W, Latif AA, Panchatcharam M, Prachayasittikul V, Butterfield DA, Vore M, Moscow J, St Clair DK. Novel role of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal in AIFm2-mediated mitochondrial stress signaling. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 91:68-80. [PMID: 26689472 PMCID: PMC4761499 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications are major side effects of many anticancer drugs. Accumulated evidence indicates that oxidative stress in mitochondria plays an important role in cardiac injury, but how mitochondrial redox mechanisms are involved in cardiac dysfunction remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) activates the translocation of the mitochondrial apoptosis inducing factor (AIFm2) and facilitates apoptosis in heart tissue of mice and humans. Doxorubicin treatments significantly enhance cardiac levels of HNE and AIFm2. HNE adduction of AIFm2 inactivates the NADH oxidoreductase activity of AIFm2 and facilitates its translocation from mitochondria. His 174 on AIFm2 is the critical target of HNE adduction that triggers this functional switch. HNE adduction and translocation of AIFm2 from mitochondria upon Doxorubicin treatment are attenuated by superoxide dismutase mimetics. These results identify a previously unrecognized role of HNE with important consequences for mitochondrial stress signaling, heart failure, and the side effects of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumitra Miriyala
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | | | - Luksana Chaiswing
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Teresa Noel
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Artak Tovmasyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ines Batinic-Haberle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Wang Chi
- Biostatistics Core, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Ahmed Abdel Latif
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Manikandan Panchatcharam
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | | | - D Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry and Membrane Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Mary Vore
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jeffrey Moscow
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Daret K St Clair
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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Ochratoxin A-induced cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and reactive oxygen species in kidney cells: An integrative approach of complementary endpoints. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 87:65-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Mn Porphyrin-Based Redox-Active Therapeutics. OXIDATIVE STRESS IN APPLIED BASIC RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-30705-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Tovmasyan A, Sampaio RS, Boss MK, Bueno-Janice JC, Bader BH, Thomas M, Reboucas JS, Orr M, Chandler JD, Go YM, Jones DP, Venkatraman TN, Haberle S, Kyui N, Lascola CD, Dewhirst MW, Spasojevic I, Benov L, Batinic-Haberle I. Anticancer therapeutic potential of Mn porphyrin/ascorbate system. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 89:1231-47. [PMID: 26496207 PMCID: PMC4684782 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.10.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbate (Asc) as a single agent suppressed growth of several tumor cell lines in a mouse model. It has been tested in a Phase I Clinical Trial on pancreatic cancer patients where it exhibited no toxicity to normal tissue yet was of only marginal efficacy. The mechanism of its anticancer effect was attributed to the production of tumoricidal hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) during ascorbate oxidation catalyzed by endogenous metalloproteins. The amount of H2O2 could be maximized with exogenous catalyst that has optimized properties for such function and is localized within tumor. Herein we studied 14 Mn porphyrins (MnPs) which differ vastly with regards to their redox properties, charge, size/bulkiness and lipophilicity. Such properties affect the in vitro and in vivo ability of MnPs (i) to catalyze ascorbate oxidation resulting in the production of H2O2; (ii) to subsequently employ H2O2 in the catalysis of signaling proteins oxidations affecting cellular survival pathways; and (iii) to accumulate at site(s) of interest. The metal-centered reduction potential of MnPs studied, E1/2 of Mn(III)P/Mn(II)P redox couple, ranged from -200 to +350 mV vs NHE. Anionic and cationic, hydrophilic and lipophilic as well as short- and long-chained and bulky compounds were explored. Their ability to catalyze ascorbate oxidation, and in turn cytotoxic H2O2 production, was explored via spectrophotometric and electrochemical means. Bell-shape structure-activity relationship (SAR) was found between the initial rate for the catalysis of ascorbate oxidation, vo(Asc)ox and E1/2, identifying cationic Mn(III) N-substituted pyridylporphyrins with E1/2>0 mV vs NHE as efficient catalysts for ascorbate oxidation. The anticancer potential of MnPs/Asc system was subsequently tested in cellular (human MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and mouse 4T1) and animal models of breast cancer. At the concentrations where ascorbate (1mM) and MnPs (1 or 5 µM) alone did not trigger any alteration in cell viability, combined treatment suppressed cell viability up to 95%. No toxicity was observed with normal human breast epithelial HBL-100 cells. Bell-shape relationship, essentially identical to vo(Asc)oxvs E1/2, was also demonstrated between MnP/Asc-controlled cytotoxicity and E1/2-controlled vo(Asc)ox. Magnetic resonance imaging studies were conducted to explore the impact of ascorbate on T1-relaxivity. The impact of MnP/Asc on intracellular thiols and on GSH/GSSG and Cys/CySS ratios in 4T1 cells was assessed and cellular reduction potentials were calculated. The data indicate a significant increase in cellular oxidative stress induced by MnP/Asc. Based on vo(Asc)oxvs E1/2 relationships and cellular toxicity, MnTE-2-PyP(5+) was identified as the best catalyst among MnPs studied. Asc and MnTE-2-PyP(5+) were thus tested in a 4T1 mammary mouse flank tumor model. The combination of ascorbate (4 g/kg) and MnTE-2-PyP(5+) (0.2mg/kg) showed significant suppression of tumor growth relative to either MnTE-2-PyP(5+) or ascorbate alone. About 7-fold higher accumulation of MnTE-2-PyP(5+) in tumor vs normal tissue was found to contribute largely to the anticancer effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artak Tovmasyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Romulo S Sampaio
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States; Departamento de Quimica, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Mary-Keara Boss
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC 27607, United States
| | - Jacqueline C Bueno-Janice
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States; Departamento de Quimica, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Bader H Bader
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | - Milini Thomas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | - Julio S Reboucas
- Departamento de Quimica, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Michael Orr
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Joshua D Chandler
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Young-Mi Go
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Dean P Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Sinisa Haberle
- Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Natalia Kyui
- Canadian Economic Analysis Department, Bank of Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0G9, Canada
| | - Christopher D Lascola
- Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Mark W Dewhirst
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Ivan Spasojevic
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States; Duke Cancer Institute, Pharmaceutical Research Shared Resource, PK/PD Core laboratory, Durham NC 27710, United States
| | - Ludmil Benov
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | - Ines Batinic-Haberle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
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Tovmasyan A, Maia CGC, Weitner T, Carballal S, Sampaio RS, Lieb D, Ghazaryan R, Ivanovic-Burmazovic I, Ferrer-Sueta G, Radi R, Reboucas JS, Spasojevic I, Benov L, Batinic-Haberle I. A comprehensive evaluation of catalase-like activity of different classes of redox-active therapeutics. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 86:308-21. [PMID: 26026699 PMCID: PMC4554972 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Because of the increased insight into the biological role of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under physiological and pathological conditions and the role it presumably plays in the action of natural and synthetic redox-active drugs, there is a need to accurately define the type and magnitude of reactions that may occur with this intriguing and key species of redoxome. Historically, and frequently incorrectly, the impact of catalase-like activity has been assigned to play a major role in the action of many redox-active drugs, mostly SOD mimics and peroxynitrite scavengers, and in particular MnTBAP(3-) and Mn salen derivatives. The advantage of one redox-active compound over another has often been assigned to the differences in catalase-like activity. Our studies provide substantial evidence that Mn(III) N-alkylpyridylporphyrins couple with H2O2 in actions other than catalase-related. Herein we have assessed the catalase-like activities of different classes of compounds: Mn porphyrins (MnPs), Fe porphyrins (FePs), Mn(III) salen (EUK-8), and Mn(II) cyclic polyamines (SOD-active M40403 and SOD-inactive M40404). Nitroxide (tempol), nitrone (NXY-059), ebselen, and MnCl2, which have not been reported as catalase mimics, were used as negative controls, while catalase enzyme was a positive control. The dismutation of H2O2 to O2 and H2O was followed via measuring oxygen evolved with a Clark oxygen electrode at 25°C. The catalase enzyme was found to have kcat(H2O2)=1.5×10(6)M(-1) s(-1). The yield of dismutation, i.e., the maximal amount of O2 evolved, was assessed also. The magnitude of the yield reflects an interplay between the kcat(H2O2) and the stability of compounds toward H2O2-driven oxidative degradation, and is thus an accurate measure of the efficacy of a catalyst. The kcat(H2O2) values for 12 cationic Mn(III) N-substituted (alkyl and alkoxyalkyl) pyridylporphyrin-based SOD mimics and Mn(III) N,N'-dialkylimidazolium porphyrin, MnTDE-2-ImP(5+), ranged from 23 to 88M(-1) s(-1). The analogous Fe(III) N-alkylpyridylporphyrins showed ~10-fold higher activity than the corresponding MnPs, but the values of kcat(H2O2) are still ~4 orders of magnitude lower than that of the enzyme. While the kcat(H2O2) values for Fe ethyl and n-octyl analogs were 803.5 and 368.4M(-1) s(-1), respectively, the FePs are more prone to H2O2-driven oxidative degradation, therefore allowing for similar yields in H2O2 dismutation as analogous MnPs. The kcat(H2O2) values are dependent on the electron deficiency of the metal site as it controls the peroxide binding in the first step of the dismutation process. SOD-like activities depend on electron deficiency of the metal site also, as it controls the first step of O2(●-) dismutation. In turn, the kcat(O2(●-)) parallels the kcat(H2O2). Therefore, the electron-rich anionic non-SOD mimic MnTBAP(3-) has essentially very low catalase-like activity, kcat(H2O2)=5.8M(-1) s(-1). The catalase-like activities of Mn(III) and Fe(III) porphyrins are at most, 0.0004 and 0.05% of the enzyme activity, respectively. The kcat(H2O2) values of 8.2 and 6.5M(-1) s(-1) were determined for electron-rich Mn(II) cyclic polyamine-based compounds, M40403 and M40404, respectively. The EUK-8, with modest SOD-like activity, has only slightly higher kcat(H2O2)=13.5M(-1) s(-1). The biological relevance of kcat(H2O2) of MnTE-2-PyP(5+), MnTDE-2-ImP(5+), MnTBAP(3-), FeTE-2-PyP(5+), M40403, M40404, and Mn salen was evaluated in wild-type and peroxidase/catalase-deficient E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artak Tovmasyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Clarissa G C Maia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Departamento de Quimica, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Tin Weitner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sebastián Carballal
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Romulo S Sampaio
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Departamento de Quimica, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Dominik Lieb
- Friedrich-Alexander Universitat, Erlangen-Nurnberg, Germany
| | - Robert Ghazaryan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yerevan State Medical University, Armenia
| | | | - Gerardo Ferrer-Sueta
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rafael Radi
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Julio S Reboucas
- Departamento de Quimica, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Ivan Spasojevic
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Cancer Institute, Pharmaceutical Research Shared Resource, PK/PD Core Laboratory, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ludmil Benov
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | - Ines Batinic-Haberle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Batinic-Haberle I, Tovmasyan A, Spasojevic I. An educational overview of the chemistry, biochemistry and therapeutic aspects of Mn porphyrins--From superoxide dismutation to H2O2-driven pathways. Redox Biol 2015; 5:43-65. [PMID: 25827425 PMCID: PMC4392060 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the SOD mimics thus far developed belong to the classes of Mn-(MnPs) and Fe porphyrins(FePs), Mn(III) salens, Mn(II) cyclic polyamines and metal salts. Due to their remarkable stability we have predominantly explored Mn porphyrins, aiming initially at mimicking kinetics and thermodynamics of the catalysis of O2(-) dismutation by SOD enzymes. Several MnPs are of potency similar to SOD enzymes. The in vivo bioavailability and toxicity of MnPs have been addressed also. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies indicate their impressive therapeutic efficacy. Increasing insight into complex cellular redox biology has been accompanied by increasing awareness of complex redox chemistry of MnPs. During O2(-) dismutation process, the most powerful Mn porphyrin-based SOD mimics reduce and oxidize O2(-) with close to identical rate constants. MnPs reduce and oxidize other reactive species also (none of them specific to MnPs), acting as reductants (antioxidant) and pro-oxidants. Distinction must be made between the type of reactions of MnPs and the favorable therapeutic effects we observe; the latter may be of either anti- or pro-oxidative nature. H2O2/MnP mediated oxidation of protein thiols and its impact on cellular transcription seems to dominate redox biology of MnPs. It has been thus far demonstrated that the ability of MnPs to catalyze O2(-) dismutation parallels all other reactivities (such as ONOO(-) reduction) and in turn their therapeutic efficacies. Assuming that all diseases have in common the perturbation of cellular redox environment, developing SOD mimics still seems to be the appropriate strategy for the design of potent redox-active therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Batinic-Haberle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Artak Tovmasyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ivan Spasojevic
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; PK/PD BioAnalytical Duke Cancer Institute Shared Resource, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Synthesis, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of porphyrins. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:2529-37. [PMID: 25863493 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Porphyrins are natural compounds with several biological activities. We report the synthesis and the evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of 4 porphyrins: 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP), 5,10,15,20-tetra(4'-fluorophenyl)porphyrin (TpFPP), 5,10,15,20-tetra(4'-chlorophenyl)porphyrin (TpClPP), and 5,10,15,20-tetra(4'-bromophenyl)porphyrin (TpBrPP). The in vitro anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated on heat-induced hemolysis. The antinociceptive effects were evaluated using the hot plate and formalin tests. The in vivo anti-inflammatory assays were tested on the acute and chronic TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate) method to induce ear edema. The anti-arthritic effects were evaluated using carrageenan kaolin induced arthritis (CKIA). All porphyrins inhibited hemolysis with similar potency than naproxen (NPX). In the antinociceptive tests, all porphyrins tested at 200mg/kg showed similar effects compared to 100mg/kg NPX. In the in vivo anti-inflammatory acute assay, only three porphyrins (TPP, TpFPP and TpBrPP) decreased inflammation with similar activity than 2mg/ear indomethacin (IND). Further anti-inflammatory experiments were carried out with TPP, TpFPP and TpBrPP. In the in vivo anti-inflammatory chronic assay, porphyrins decreased inflammation with similar activity than 8mg/kg IND. Porphyrins tested at 200mg/kg showed anti-arthritic effects. The antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and arthritic activities of porphyrins suggest that these compounds might be a good alternative for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Nielsen MT, Madsen KM, Seppälä S, Christensen U, Riisberg L, Harrison SJ, Møller BL, Nørholm MHH. Assembly of highly standardized gene fragments for high-level production of porphyrins in E. coli. ACS Synth Biol 2015; 4:274-82. [PMID: 24905856 DOI: 10.1021/sb500055u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Standardization of molecular cloning greatly facilitates advanced DNA engineering, parts sharing, and collaborative efforts such as the iGEM competition. All of these attributes facilitate exploitation of the wealth of genetic information made available by genome and RNA sequencing. Standardization also comes at the cost of reduced flexibility. We addressed this paradox by formulating a set of design principles aimed at maximizing standardization while maintaining high flexibility in choice of cloning technique and minimizing the impact of standard sequences. The design principles were applied to formulate a molecular cloning pipeline and iteratively assemble and optimize a six-gene pathway for protoporphyrin IX synthesis in Escherichia coli. State of the art production levels were achieved through two simple cycles of engineering and screening. The principles defined here are generally applicable and simplifies the experimental design of projects aimed at biosynthetic pathway construction or engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten T. Nielsen
- Novo
Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kogle Allé 6, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Karina M. Madsen
- Novo
Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kogle Allé 6, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Susanna Seppälä
- Novo
Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kogle Allé 6, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Ulla Christensen
- Novo
Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kogle Allé 6, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Lone Riisberg
- Novo
Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kogle Allé 6, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Scott J. Harrison
- Novo
Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kogle Allé 6, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Birger Lindberg Møller
- Novo
Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kogle Allé 6, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Morten H. H. Nørholm
- Novo
Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kogle Allé 6, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
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50
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Girek B, Sliwa W. Hybrids of cationic porphyrins with nanocarbons. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2015; 82:283-300. [PMID: 26167127 PMCID: PMC4491362 DOI: 10.1007/s10847-015-0485-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In the review hybrids of cationic porphyrins (i.e. porphyrins functionalized by quaternary pyridinium groups) with nanocarbons such as fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphene are described. Selected examples of these species are characterized in regard of their properties and possible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Girek
- Institute of Chemistry, Environmental Protection and Biotechnology, Jan Długosz University in Czestochowa, Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Wanda Sliwa
- Institute of Chemistry, Environmental Protection and Biotechnology, Jan Długosz University in Czestochowa, Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
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