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Rovira-Llopis S, Luna-Marco C, Perea-Galera L, Bañuls C, Morillas C, Victor VM. Circadian alignment of food intake and glycaemic control by time-restricted eating: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024; 25:325-337. [PMID: 37993559 PMCID: PMC10943166 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09853-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Daily rhythms of metabolic function are supported by molecular circadian clock systems that are strongly regulated by feeding and fasting. Intermittent fasting diets have been associated with weight loss and improved metabolism. However, the effects of time-restricted eating (TRE) on glycemic parameters are still under debate. In this review, we aim to systematically analyze the effects of TRE on glycemic parameters. We searched on PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for controlled studies in which subjects followed TRE for at least 4 weeks. 20 studies were included in the qualitative systematic review, and 18 studies (n = 1169 subjects) were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, TRE had no significant effect on fasting glucose (Hedges's g = -0.08; 95% CI:-0.31,0.16; p = 0.52), but it did reduce HbA1c levels (Hedges's g = -0.27; 95% CI: -0.47, -0.06; p = 0.01). TRE significantly reduced fasting insulin (Hedges's g = -0.40; 95% CI: -0.73,-0.08; p = 0.01) and showed a tendency to decrease HOMA-IR (Hedges's g = -0.32; 95% CI:-0.66,0.02; p = 0.06). Interestingly, a cumulative analysis showed that the beneficial effects of TRE regarding glucose levels were less apparent as studies with later TRE windows (lTRE) were being included. Indeed, a subgroup analysis of the early TRE (eTRE) studies revealed that fasting glucose was significantly reduced by eTRE (Hedges's g = -0.38; 95% CI:-0.62, -0.14; p < 0.01). Our meta-analysis suggests that TRE can reduce HbA1c and insulin levels, and that timing of food intake is a crucial factor in the metabolic benefit of TRE, as only eTRE is capable of reducing fasting glucose levels in subjects with overweight or obesity.PROSPERO registration number CRD42023405946.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Facultad de Medicina y Odontologia, Universidad de Valencia - INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.
| | - Clara Luna-Marco
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Perea-Galera
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Morillas
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Victor M Victor
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Facultad de Medicina y Odontologia, Universidad de Valencia - INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.
- CIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Luna-Marco C, Iannantuoni F, Hermo-Argibay A, Devos D, Salazar JD, Víctor VM, Rovira-Llopis S. Cardiovascular benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists through effects on mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 213:19-35. [PMID: 38220031 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Overloaded glucose levels in several metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative stress and altered mitochondrial homeostasis, particularly in the cardiovascular system, contribute to the development of chronic comorbidities of diabetes. Diabetes-associated hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia can directly damage vascular vessels and lead to coronary artery disease or stroke, and indirectly damage other organs and lead to kidney dysfunction, known as diabetic nephropathy. The new diabetes treatments include Na+-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (iSGLT2) and glucagon-like 1 peptide receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), among others. The iSGLT2 are oral anti-diabetic drugs, whereas GLP-1RA are preferably administered through subcutaneous injection, even though GLP-1RA oral formulations have recently become available. Both therapies are known to improve both carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, as well as to improve cardiovascular and cardiorenal outcomes in diabetic patients. In this review, we present an overview of current knowledge on the relationship between oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cardiovascular therapeutic benefits of iSGLT2 and GLP-1RA. We explore the benefits, limits and common features of the treatments and remark how both are an interesting target in the prevention of obesity, T2D and cardiovascular diseases, and emphasize the lack of a complete understanding of the underlying mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Luna-Marco
- INCLIVA (Biomedical Research Institute Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - Francesca Iannantuoni
- Service of di Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, Ospedale Infermi, AUSL Romagna, Rimini, Italy
| | - Alberto Hermo-Argibay
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
| | - Deédeni Devos
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan D Salazar
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
| | - Víctor M Víctor
- INCLIVA (Biomedical Research Institute Valencia), Valencia, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia; National Network of Biomedical Research on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd).
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- INCLIVA (Biomedical Research Institute Valencia), Valencia, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia.
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3
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Luna-Marco C, de Marañon AM, Hermo-Argibay A, Rodriguez-Hernandez Y, Hermenejildo J, Fernandez-Reyes M, Apostolova N, Vila J, Sola E, Morillas C, Rovira-Llopis S, Rocha M, Victor VM. Effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on mitochondrial function, inflammatory markers and leukocyte-endothelium interactions in type 2 diabetes. Redox Biol 2023; 66:102849. [PMID: 37591012 PMCID: PMC10457591 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is linked to metabolic, mitochondrial and inflammatory alterations, atherosclerosis development and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The aim was to investigate the potential therapeutic benefits of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) on oxidative stress, mitochondrial respiration, leukocyte-endothelial interactions, inflammation and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in T2D patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Type 2 diabetic patients (255) and control subjects (175) were recruited, paired by age and sex, and separated into two groups: without GLP-1 RA treatment (196) and treated with GLP-1 RA (59). Peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) were isolated to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by flow cytometry and oxygen consumption with a Clark electrode. PMNs were also used to assess leukocyte-endothelial interactions. Circulating levels of adhesion molecules and inflammatory markers were quantified by Luminex's technology, and CIMT was measured as surrogate marker of atherosclerosis. RESULTS Treatment with GLP-1 RA reduced ROS production and recovered mitochondrial membrane potential, oxygen consumption and MPO levels. The velocity of leukocytes rolling over endothelial cells increased in PMNs from GLP-1 RA-treated patients, whereas rolling and adhesion were diminished. ICAM-1, VCAM-1, IL-6, TNFα and IL-12 protein levels also decreased in the GLP-1 RA-treated group, while IL-10 increased. CIMT was lower in GLP-1 RA-treated T2D patients than in T2D patients without GLP-1 RA treatment. CONCLUSIONS GLP-1 RA treatment improves the redox state and mitochondrial respiration, and reduces leukocyte-endothelial interactions, inflammation and CIMT in T2D patients, thereby potentially diminishing the risk of atherosclerosis and CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Luna-Marco
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Arantxa M de Marañon
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain; Cancer Research @UCC, College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, Ireland.
| | - Alberto Hermo-Argibay
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Yohaly Rodriguez-Hernandez
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Jonathan Hermenejildo
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Meylin Fernandez-Reyes
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Nadezda Apostolova
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; National Network of Biomedical Research on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Valencia, Spain.
| | - Jose Vila
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, INCLIVA (Biomedical Research Institute Valencia), Valencia, Spain.
| | - Eva Sola
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Carlos Morillas
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, INCLIVA (Biomedical Research Institute Valencia), Valencia, Spain.
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Victor M Victor
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain; National Network of Biomedical Research on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, INCLIVA (Biomedical Research Institute Valencia), Valencia, Spain.
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Canet F, Díaz-Pozo P, Luna-Marco C, Fernandez-Reyes M, Vezza T, Marti M, Salazar J, Roldan I, Morillas C, Rovira-Llopis S, Rocha M, Víctor V. Mitochondrial redox impairment and enhanced autophagy in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from type 1 diabetic patients. Redox Biol 2022; 58:102551. [PMID: 36455476 PMCID: PMC9713367 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) involves critical metabolic disturbances that contribute to an increased cardiovascular risk. Leukocytes are key players in the onset of atherosclerosis due to their interaction with the endothelium. However, whether mitochondrial redox impairment, altered bioenergetics and abnormal autophagy in leukocytes contribute to T1D physiopathology is unclear. In this study we aimed to evaluate the bioenergetic and redox state of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from T1D patients in comparison to those from healthy subjects, and to assess autophagy induction and leukocyte-endothelial interactions. T1D patients presented lower levels of fast-acting and total antioxidants in their blood, and their leukocytes produced higher amounts of total reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide radical with respect to controls. Basal and ATP-linked respiration were similar in PBMCs from T1D and controls, but T1D PBMCs exhibited reduced spare respiratory capacity and a tendency toward decreased maximal respiration and reduced non-mitochondrial respiration, compared to controls. The autophagy markers P-AMPK, Beclin-1 and LC3-II/LC3-I were increased, while P62 and NBR1 were decreased in T1D PBMCs versus those from controls. Leukocytes from T1D patients displayed lower rolling velocity, higher rolling flux and more adhesion to the endothelium versus controls. Our findings show that T1D impairs mitochondrial function and promotes oxidative stress and autophagy in leukocytes, and suggest that these mechanisms contribute to an increased risk of atherosclerosis by augmenting leukocyte-endothelial interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Canet
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - P. Díaz-Pozo
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - C. Luna-Marco
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - M. Fernandez-Reyes
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - T. Vezza
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - M. Marti
- CIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain,Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - J.D. Salazar
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - I. Roldan
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - C. Morillas
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - S. Rovira-Llopis
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia and Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain,Corresponding author. Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.
| | - M. Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain,CIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain,Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain,Corresponding author. Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.
| | - V.M. Víctor
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain,CIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain,Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia and Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain,Corresponding author. Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.
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Nigro P, Middelbeek RJW, Alves CRR, Rovira-Llopis S, Ramachandran K, Rowland LA, Møller AB, Takahashi H, Alves-Wagner AB, Vamvini M, Makarewicz NS, Albertson BG, Hirshman MF, Goodyear LJ. Exercise Training Promotes Sex-Specific Adaptations in Mouse Inguinal White Adipose Tissue. Diabetes 2021; 70:1250-1264. [PMID: 33563587 PMCID: PMC8275891 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrate that adaptations to white adipose tissue (WAT) are important components of the beneficial effects of exercise training on metabolic health. Exercise training favorably alters the phenotype of subcutaneous inguinal WAT (iWAT) in male mice, including decreasing fat mass, improving mitochondrial function, inducing beiging, and stimulating the secretion of adipokines. In this study, we find that despite performing more voluntary wheel running compared with males, these adaptations do not occur in the iWAT of female mice. Consistent with sex-specific adaptations, we report that mRNA expression of androgen receptor coactivators is upregulated in iWAT from trained male mice and that testosterone treatment of primary adipocytes derived from the iWAT of male, but not female mice, phenocopies exercise-induced metabolic adaptations. Sex specificity also occurs in the secretome profile, as we identify cysteine-rich secretory protein 1 (Crisp1) as a novel adipokine that is only secreted from male iWAT in response to exercise. Crisp1 expression is upregulated by testosterone and functions to increase glucose and fatty acid uptake. Our finding that adaptations to iWAT with exercise training are dramatically greater in male mice has potential clinical implications for understanding the different metabolic response to exercise training in males and females and demonstrates the importance of investigating both sexes in studies of adipose tissue biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Nigro
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Roeland J W Middelbeek
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Christiano R R Alves
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Krithika Ramachandran
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Leslie A Rowland
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Andreas B Møller
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Hirokazu Takahashi
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ana B Alves-Wagner
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Maria Vamvini
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Nathan S Makarewicz
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Brent G Albertson
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Michael F Hirshman
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Laurie J Goodyear
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Rovira-Llopis S, Díaz-Rúa R, Grau-del Valle C, Iannantuoni F, Abad-Jimenez Z, Bosch-Sierra N, Panadero-Romero J, Victor VM, Rocha M, Morillas C, Bañuls C. Characterization of Differentially Expressed Circulating miRNAs in Metabolically Healthy versus Unhealthy Obesity. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030321. [PMID: 33801145 PMCID: PMC8004231 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Obese individuals without metabolic comorbidities are categorized as metabolically healthy obese (MHO). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) may be implicated in MHO. This cross-sectional study explores the link between circulating miRNAs and the main components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the context of obesity. We also examine oxidative stress biomarkers in MHO vs. metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). We analysed 3536 serum miRNAs in 20 middle-aged obese individuals: 10 MHO and 10 MUO. A total of 159 miRNAs were differentially expressed, of which, 72 miRNAs (45.2%) were higher and 87 miRNAs (54.7%) were lower in the MUO group. In addition, miRNAs related to insulin signalling and lipid metabolism pathways were upregulated in the MUO group. Among these miRNAs, hsa-miR-6796-5p and hsa-miR-4697-3p, which regulate oxidative stress, showed significant correlations with glucose, triglycerides, HbA1c and HDLc. Our results provide evidence of a pattern of differentially expressed miRNAs in obesity according to MetS, and identify those related to insulin resistance and lipid metabolism pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.R.-L.); (R.D.-R.); (C.G.-d.V.); (F.I.); (Z.A.-J.); (N.B.-S.); (V.M.V.); (M.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Rubén Díaz-Rúa
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.R.-L.); (R.D.-R.); (C.G.-d.V.); (F.I.); (Z.A.-J.); (N.B.-S.); (V.M.V.); (M.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Carmen Grau-del Valle
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.R.-L.); (R.D.-R.); (C.G.-d.V.); (F.I.); (Z.A.-J.); (N.B.-S.); (V.M.V.); (M.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Francesca Iannantuoni
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.R.-L.); (R.D.-R.); (C.G.-d.V.); (F.I.); (Z.A.-J.); (N.B.-S.); (V.M.V.); (M.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Zaida Abad-Jimenez
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.R.-L.); (R.D.-R.); (C.G.-d.V.); (F.I.); (Z.A.-J.); (N.B.-S.); (V.M.V.); (M.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Neus Bosch-Sierra
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.R.-L.); (R.D.-R.); (C.G.-d.V.); (F.I.); (Z.A.-J.); (N.B.-S.); (V.M.V.); (M.R.); (C.M.)
| | | | - Víctor M. Victor
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.R.-L.); (R.D.-R.); (C.G.-d.V.); (F.I.); (Z.A.-J.); (N.B.-S.); (V.M.V.); (M.R.); (C.M.)
- CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia, 46015 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.R.-L.); (R.D.-R.); (C.G.-d.V.); (F.I.); (Z.A.-J.); (N.B.-S.); (V.M.V.); (M.R.); (C.M.)
- CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Morillas
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.R.-L.); (R.D.-R.); (C.G.-d.V.); (F.I.); (Z.A.-J.); (N.B.-S.); (V.M.V.); (M.R.); (C.M.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (S.R.-L.); (R.D.-R.); (C.G.-d.V.); (F.I.); (Z.A.-J.); (N.B.-S.); (V.M.V.); (M.R.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-963-189-132
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García-Martínez P, Collado-Díaz V, Mateu-Puchades A, Villarroel-Vicente C, Rovira-Llopis S, Blas-García A, Álvarez Á, Esplugues JV, Andújar I. Differential Effects of Biologics on Psoriasis-Related Vascular Inflammation and Risk of Thrombosis. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:2294-2298.e6. [PMID: 32311396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Víctor Collado-Díaz
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Ana Blas-García
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBER, Valencia, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Europea de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Ángeles Álvarez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBER, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Vicente Esplugues
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; FISABIO-Fundación Hospital Universitario Dr Peset, Valencia, Spain; CIBER, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Andújar
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; FISABIO-Fundación Hospital Universitario Dr Peset, Valencia, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Europea de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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8
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Pradas I, Rovira-Llopis S, Naudí A, Bañuls C, Rocha M, Hernandez-Mijares A, Pamplona R, Victor VM, Jové M. Metformin induces lipid changes on sphingolipid species and oxidized lipids in polycystic ovary syndrome women. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16033. [PMID: 31690730 PMCID: PMC6831788 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52263-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metformin is one of the treatments used for PCOS pathology decreasing body weight, plasma androgen, FSH and glucose levels. Unfortunately, there is little known about metformin's effects on lipid metabolism, a crucial process in PCOS pathology. We have employed a lipidomic approach to explore alterations in the plasma lipid profile of patients with PCOS following metformin treatment. The aim is to offer new insights about the effect of metformin in PCOS patients. Plasma samples were obtained from 27 subjects prior to and following 12 weeks of metformin treatment. A detailed biochemical characterization and lipidomic profile was performed. Metformin reduces BMI, HOMA-IR, FSH and androstenedione and increases DHEA-S but no changes were found in glucose levels after treatment. Multivariate statistics revealed a specific lipidomic signature due to the effect of 12 weeks of metformin treatment in PCOS patients. This signature includes changes in sphingolipid metabolism suggesting a crosstalk between these lipid species and the androgenic metabolism and a decrease in oxidized lipids reinforcing that metformin treatment improves oxidative stress status. Our study confirms the specific effect of metformin in lipid metabolism on women with PCOS after 12 weeks of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Pradas
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida University-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, 46017, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alba Naudí
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida University-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, 46017, Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, 46017, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernandez-Mijares
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, 46017, Valencia, Spain
- Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia University, 46010, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Valencia University, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida University-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Victor M Victor
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, 46017, Valencia, Spain.
- Department of Physiology, Valencia University, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida University-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), 25198, Lleida, Spain.
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Escribano-Lopez I, Bañuls C, Diaz-Morales N, Iannantuoni F, Rovira-Llopis S, Gomis R, Rocha M, Hernandez-Mijares A, Murphy MP, Victor VM. The Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant MitoQ Modulates Mitochondrial Function and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Pancreatic β Cells Exposed to Hyperglycaemia. Cell Physiol Biochem 2019; 52:186-197. [PMID: 30816667 DOI: 10.33594/000000013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants such as mitoquinone (MitoQ) have demonstrated protective effects against oxidative damage in several diseases. The increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during glucose metabolism in β cells can be exacerbated under hyperglycaemic conditions such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), thus contributing to β cell function impairment. In the present work, we aimed to evaluate the effect of MitoQ on insulin secretion, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) signalling in a pancreatic β cell line under normoglycaemic (NG, 11.1 mM glucose), hyperglycaemic (HG, 25 mM glucose) and lipidic (palmitic acid (PA), 0.5mM) conditions. METHODS We incubated the pancreatic β cell line INS-1E with or without MitoQ (0.5µM) under NG, HG and PA conditions. We then assessed the following parameters: glucose-induced insulin secretion, O₂ consumption (with a Clark-type electrode); mitochondrial function, oxidative stress parameters and calcium levels (by fluorescence microscopy); ER stress markers and NFκB-p65 protein levels (by western blotting). RESULTS MitoQ increased insulin secretion and prevented the enhancement of ROS production and O₂ consumption and decrease in GSH levels that are characteristic under HG conditions. MitoQ also reduced protein levels of ER stress markers (GRP78 and P-eIF2α) and the proinflammatory nuclear transcription factor NFκB-p65, both of which increased under HG. MitoQ did not significantly alter ER stress markers under lipidic conditions. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that treatment with MitoQ modulates mitochondrial function, which in turn ameliorates endoplasmic reticulum stress and NFκB activation, thereby representing potential benefits for pancreatic β cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Escribano-Lopez
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Noelia Diaz-Morales
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Francesca Iannantuoni
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Ramon Gomis
- Ciberdem - Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (Idibaps), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.,Ciberehd - Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernandez-Mijares
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.,Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Michael P Murphy
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Victor M Victor
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.,Ciberehd - Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain,
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10
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Iannantuoni F, Diaz-Morales N, Escribano-Lopez I, Sola E, Roldan-Torres I, Apostolova N, Bañuls C, Rovira-Llopis S, Rocha M, Victor VM. Does Glycemic Control Modulate the Impairment of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Type 2 Diabetes? Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:232-240. [PMID: 29860862 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Since mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with NOD-like receptor family protein 3 (NLRP3) activation in type 2 diabetes (T2D), which can eventually lead to an impaired immune response, we set out to determine if glycemic control modulates the effects of T2D on the NLRP3 inflammasome. We have studied leukocytes from 61 diabetic patients [25 with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≤7% and 36 with HbA1c ≥8%] and 40 healthy controls. Total and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was enhanced in T2D patients, and mitochondrial ROS was more pronounced in those with poor glycemic control. Levels of gene and protein expression of NLRP3 were decreased in both diabetic groups and more so in those with HbA1c ≥8%. In addition, there was a decrease in gene expression and serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-12, and caspase-1 in line with inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Our data also suggest negative correlations between HbA1c levels and NLRP3 protein expression, serum levels of IL-12 and IL-1β, and caspase-1 messenger RNA expression. Our findings lead us to raise the hypothesis of an association between poor glycemic control in T2D and an impairment of the NLRP3 inflammasome, suggesting that glycemic control plays an important role in the immune response of diabetic subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Iannantuoni
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Noelia Diaz-Morales
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Irene Escribano-Lopez
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva Sola
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Ildefonso Roldan-Torres
- 2 Service of Cardiology, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Nadezda Apostolova
- 3 CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain .,3 CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
| | - Victor M Victor
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain .,3 CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain .,4 Department of Physiology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
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11
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Escribano-Lopez I, Diaz-Morales N, Iannantuoni F, Lopez-Domenech S, de Marañon AM, Abad-Jimenez Z, Bañuls C, Rovira-Llopis S, Herance JR, Rocha M, Victor VM. The mitochondrial antioxidant SS-31 increases SIRT1 levels and ameliorates inflammation, oxidative stress and leukocyte-endothelium interactions in type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15862. [PMID: 30367115 PMCID: PMC6203778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34251-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing focus on mitochondrial impairment and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in type 2 diabetes (T2D), and the development of novel therapeutic strategies in this context. It is unknown whether mitochondrial-targeting antioxidants such as SS-31 protect sufficiently against oxidative damage in diabetes. We aimed to evaluate if SS-31 modulates SIRT1 levels and ameliorates leukocyte-endothelium interactions, oxidative stress and inflammation in T2D patients. Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were studied in 51 T2D patients and 57 controls. Production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, glutathione content, leukocyte-endothelium interactions, NFκB-p65, TNFα and SIRT1 levels was measured in leukocytes treated or not with SS-31. We observed increased mitochondrial ROS production that was restored by SS-31 treatment. SS-31 also increased mitochondrial membrane potential, glutathione content, SIRT1 levels and leukocyte rolling velocity and reduced rolling flux and adhesion in T2D patients. NFκB-p65 and TNFα, which were enhanced in diabetic patients, were also reduced by SS-31 treatment. Our results reveal that SS-31 exerts beneficial effects on the leukocytes of T2D patients by reducing oxidative stress, leukocyte-endothelium interactions, NFκB and TNFα and by increasing SIRT1 levels. These actions support its use as a potential agent against CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Escribano-Lopez
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Noelia Diaz-Morales
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Francesca Iannantuoni
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra Lopez-Domenech
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Aranzazu M de Marañon
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Zaida Abad-Jimenez
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose R Herance
- Medical Molecular Imaging Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), CIBBIM Nanomedicine, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain. .,CIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Victor M Victor
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain. .,CIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. .,Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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12
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Rovira-Llopis S, Escribano-Lopez I, Diaz-Morales N, Iannantuoni F, Lopez-Domenech S, Andújar I, Jover A, Pantoja J, Pallardo L, Bañuls C, Victor V. Downregulation of miR-31 in Diabetic Nephropathy and its Relationship with Inflammation. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 50:1005-1014. [DOI: 10.1159/000494485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: There is a lack of reliable biological markers for the early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) during type 2 diabetes. In this pilot study we aim to assess whether miR-31 levels are modulated by the presence of DN and whether the expression of this miRNA is related to leukocyte-endothelial interactions and inflammation. Methods: Thirty-one T2D patients were enrolled in this pilot study; 18 with no diabetic complications and 13 with diabetic nephropathy. 24 non-diabetic subjects and 13 T2D patients with retinopathy (absent of other complications) were included to test the specificity of miR-31. Following anthropometric and biochemical evaluation, serum miR-31 levels were assessed by Real Time-PCR. Leukocyte-endothelial interactions were evaluated by a parallel flow chamber in vitro model. Serum TNFα, IL-6 and ICAM-1 levels were determined by XMAP-technology in a flow cytometry-based Luminex 200 instrument. Results: Serum miR-31 levels were similar between control and T2D subjects. However, T2D patients with DN displayed reduced levels of miR-31 with respect to patients without complications. This decrease in miR-31 was more pronounced in patients with macroalbuminuria than in those with microalbuminuria and was specific for DN, since patients with retinopathy displayed unaltered miR-31 levels. The presence of DN involved a lower leukocyte rolling velocity and an increased rolling flux and adhesion. miR-31 levels were positively correlated with leukocyte rolling velocity and negatively associated to leukocyte adhesion, TNFα, IL-6 and ICAM-1 levels. Conclusion: Serum miR-31 may be a biomarker for DN in T2D patients. The regulation of this miRNA seems to be related to the recruitment of leukocytes to vascular walls induced by pro-inflammatory and adhesion molecules.
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13
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López-Domènech S, Abad-Jiménez Z, Iannantuoni F, de Marañón AM, Rovira-Llopis S, Morillas C, Bañuls C, Víctor VM, Rocha M. Moderate weight loss attenuates chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in human obesity. Mol Metab 2018; 19:24-33. [PMID: 30385096 PMCID: PMC6323177 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In obese patients undergoing caloric restriction, there are several potential mechanisms involved in the improvement of metabolic outcomes. The present study further explores whether caloric restriction can modulate endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial function, as both are known to be mechanisms underlying inflammation and insulin resistance (IR) during obesity. METHODS A total of 64 obese patients with BMI ≥35 kg/m2 underwent a dietary program consisting of 6 weeks of a very-low-calorie diet followed by 18 weeks of low-calorie diet. We evaluated changes in the metabolic and inflammatory markers -TNFα, hsCRP, complement component 3 (C3c), and retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4)-, in the ER stress markers and modulators -eIF2α-P, sXBP1, ATF6, JNK-P, CHOP, GRP78, and SIRT1-, and in mitochondrial function parameters -mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), cytosolic Ca2+, and mitochondrial membrane potential. RESULTS The dietary intervention produced an 8.85% weight loss associated with enhanced insulin sensitivity, a less marked atherogenic lipid profile, and a decrease in systemic inflammation (TNFα, hsCRP) and adipokine levels (RBP4 and C3c). Chronic ER stress was significantly reduced (ATF6-CHOP, JNK-P) and expression levels of SIRT1 and GRP78 - a Ca2+-dependent chaperone - were increased and accompanied by the restoration of Ca2+ depots. Furthermore, mROS production and mitochondrial membrane potential improvement were associated with the up-regulation of the antioxidant enzyme GPX1. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide evidence that moderate weight loss attenuates systemic inflammation and IR and promotes the amelioration of ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, increasing the expression of chaperones, SIRT1 and antioxidant GPX1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra López-Domènech
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset-FISABIO, Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, Spain
| | - Zaida Abad-Jiménez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset-FISABIO, Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, Spain
| | - Francesca Iannantuoni
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset-FISABIO, Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, Spain
| | - Aranzazu M. de Marañón
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset-FISABIO, Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset-FISABIO, Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Morillas
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset-FISABIO, Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset-FISABIO, Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, Spain
| | - Víctor Manuel Víctor
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset-FISABIO, Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, Spain,CIBER CB06/04/0071 Research Group, CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, University of Valencia, Av Blasco Ibáñez 13, 46010 Valencia, Spain,Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Av Blasco Ibáñez 13, 46010 Valencia, Spain,Corresponding author. Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset-FISABIO, Av. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, Spain. Fax: +34 961622492.
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset-FISABIO, Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, Spain,CIBER CB06/04/0071 Research Group, CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, University of Valencia, Av Blasco Ibáñez 13, 46010 Valencia, Spain,Corresponding author. Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset-FISABIO, Av. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, Spain. Fax: +34 961622492.
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14
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Rovira-Llopis S, Apostolova N, Bañuls C, Muntané J, Rocha M, Victor VM. Mitochondria, the NLRP3 Inflammasome, and Sirtuins in Type 2 Diabetes: New Therapeutic Targets. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:749-791. [PMID: 29256638 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Type 2 diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia can lead to the development of comorbidities such as atherosclerosis and microvascular/macrovascular complications. Both type 2 diabetes and its complications are related to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Type 2 diabetes is also a chronic inflammatory condition that leads to inflammasome activation and the release of proinflammatory mediators, including interleukins (ILs) IL-1β and IL-18. Moreover, sirtuins are energetic sensors that respond to metabolic load, which highlights their relevance in metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes. Recent Advances: Over the past decade, great progress has been made in clarifying the signaling events regulated by mitochondria, inflammasomes, and sirtuins. Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) is the best characterized inflammasome, and the generation of oxidant species seems to be critical for its activation. NLRP3 inflammasome activation and altered sirtuin levels have been observed in type 2 diabetes. Critical Issue: Despite increasing evidence of the relationship between the NLRP3 inflammasome, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress and of their participation in type 2 diabetes physiopathology, therapeutic strategies to combat type 2 diabetes that target NLRP3 inflammasome and sirtuins are yet to be consolidated. FUTURE DIRECTIONS In this review article, we attempt to provide an overview of the existing literature concerning the crosstalk between mitochondrial impairment and the inflammasome, with particular attention to cellular and mitochondrial redox metabolism and the potential role of the NLRP3 inflammasome and sirtuins in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. In addition, we discuss potential targets for therapeutic intervention based on these molecular interactions. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 749-791.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Rovira-Llopis
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Nadezda Apostolova
- 2 Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain .,4 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMÉDICA EN RED de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Muntané
- 3 Department of General Surgery, Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/IBiS/CSIC/University of Seville , Seville, Spain .,4 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMÉDICA EN RED de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain .,4 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMÉDICA EN RED de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor M Victor
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain .,4 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMÉDICA EN RED de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) , Madrid, Spain .,5 Department of Physiology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
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15
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Bañuls Morant C, Rovira-Llopis S, Lopez-Domenech S, Diaz-Morales N, Veses S, Morillas C, Victor V, Rocha M, Hernandez-Mijares A. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in obese patients and their association with metabolic syndrome. Atherosclerosis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Diaz-Morales N, Iannantuoni F, Escribano-Lopez I, Bañuls C, Rovira-Llopis S, Sola E, Rocha M, Hernandez-Mijares A, Victor VM. Does Metformin Modulate Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy in Type 2 Diabetic Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells? Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:1562-1569. [PMID: 29061071 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Since type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with oxidative stress and metformin has been shown to exert a protective role against the said stress, we wondered whether metformin treatment might also modulate endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy in leukocytes of T2D patients. We studied 53 T2D patients (37 of whom had been treated with metformin 1700 mg for at least 1 year) and 30 healthy volunteers. Leukocytes from both groups of T2D patients exhibited increased protein levels of 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) with respect to controls, whereas activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) was enhanced specifically in nonmetformin-treated T2D, and (s-xbp1) and phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (p-eIF2α) increased only in the metformin-treated group. The autophagy markers beclin1 (becn1), autophagy-related 7 (atg7), and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3II/I (LC3 II/I) increased in nonmetformin-treated T2D, and metformin treatment reduced mitochondrial superoxide and increased glutathione (GSH) levels. Our observations raise the question of whether metformin treatment could reduce oxidative stress and act as an ER stress modulator in T2D patients by promoting an adaptive unfolded protein response (s-xbp1 and p-eIF2α) in their leukocytes; this was in contrast with nonmetformin-treated patients whose response could be driven by the ATF6-dependent pro-apoptotic pathway. Further, our findings lead to us to form the hypothesis of an autophagy-dependent clearance of misfolded proteins in nonmetformin-treated T2D patients that could be repressed by metformin treatment.-Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1562-1569.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Diaz-Morales
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Francesca Iannantuoni
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Irene Escribano-Lopez
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva Sola
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain .,2 CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernandez-Mijares
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain .,3 Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain .,4 Department of Medicine, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
| | - Victor M Victor
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain .,2 CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain .,5 Department of Physiology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
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17
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Bañuls C, Rovira-Llopis S, López-Doménech S, Veses S, Víctor VM, Rocha M, Hernández-Mijares A. Effect of consumption of a carob pod inositol-enriched beverage on insulin sensitivity and inflammation in middle-aged prediabetic subjects. Food Funct 2018; 7:4379-4387. [PMID: 27713964 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01021k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the effects of an inositol-enriched beverage (IEB) on blood glucose levels and inflammation status in subjects with an impaired fasting glucose (IFG) state according to body mass index (BMI). This was a 12 week, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial employing forty-four IFG subjects (fasting glucose levels 100-125 mg dl-1) that were divided into two intervention groups: one receiving a IEB (n = 24) containing mainly pinitol (2.0 g twice a day), and the other a sweetened beverage based on sucrose (SB; n = 20). Anthropometric and biochemical measurements, postprandial and fasting nocturnal glycaemia (continuous glucose monitoring system), and inflammatory parameters (IL-6 and TNF-α) were analyzed at baseline and after intervention according to BMI (non-obese: BMI < 30 kg m-2 or obese: BMI ≥ 30 kg m-2). Non-obese subjects who consumed IEB exhibited a significant decrease in insulin (-14.4%), HOMA-IR index (-15.1%) and percentage of glucose change after postprandial and fasting nocturnal periods (-10.0% and -10.3%, respectively) compared with the SB group (-2.35% and 10.2%, respectively) although they did not show any change in inflammatory cytokine levels. By contrast, obese subjects who consumed IEB showed a smaller variation in glucose levels after nocturnal fasting (-4.34%) and a marked decrease in IL-6 and TNF-α (p < 0.05). These findings support that consumption of IEB in prediabetic subjects produces a response that is dependent on BMI, with a clear improvement of insulin resistance and postprandial and nocturnal glycemia in non-obese subjects and a marked anti-inflammatory response in obese subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Bañuls
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain. and Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Av Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain. and Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Av Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra López-Doménech
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Silvia Veses
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Víctor M Víctor
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain. and Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Av Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain and CIBER CB06/04/0071 research group, CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, University of Valencia, Av Blasco Ibáñez 13, 46010 Valencia, Spain and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Av Blasco Ibáñez 13, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain. and Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Av Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain and CIBER CB06/04/0071 research group, CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, University of Valencia, Av Blasco Ibáñez 13, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernández-Mijares
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avda. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain. and Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Av Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain and Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Av Blasco Ibáñez 13, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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Jové M, Pradas I, Naudí A, Rovira-Llopis S, Bañuls C, Rocha M, Portero-Otin M, Hernández-Mijares A, Victor VM, Pamplona R. Lipidomics reveals altered biosynthetic pathways of glycerophospholipids and cell signaling as biomarkers of the polycystic ovary syndrome. Oncotarget 2017; 9:4522-4536. [PMID: 29435121 PMCID: PMC5796992 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose In this work, a non-targeted approach was used to unravel changes in the plasma lipidome of PCOS patients. The aim is to offer new insights in PCOS patients strictly selected in order to avoid confounding factors such as dyslipemia, obesity, altered glucose/insulin metabolism, cardiovascular disease, or cancer. Results Multivariate statistics revealed a specific lipidomic signature for PCOS patients without associated pathologies. This signature implies changes, mainly by down-regulation, in glycerolipid, glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism suggesting an altered biosynthetic pathway of glycerophospholipids and cell signaling as second messengers in women with PCOS. Conclusions Our study confirms that a lipidomic approach discriminates a specific phenotype from PCOS women without associated pathologies from healthy controls. Methods In a cross-sectional pilot study, data were obtained from 34 subjects, allocated to one of two groups: a) lean, healthy controls (n = 20), b) PCOS patients (n = 14) with diagnosis based on hyperandrogenaemia, oligo-anovulation and abnormal ovaries with small follicular cysts. A detailed biochemical characterization was made and lipidomic profiling was performed via an untargeted approach using LC-ESI-QTOF MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida University-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Irene Pradas
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida University-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Alba Naudí
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida University-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, 46017 Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, 46017 Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, 46017 Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Portero-Otin
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida University-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernández-Mijares
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, 46017 Valencia, Spain.,Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia University, 46010 Valencia, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Valencia University, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Victor M Victor
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, 46017 Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Valencia University, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida University-Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Lleida (UdL-IRBLleida), 25198 Lleida, Spain
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Diaz-Morales N, Rovira-Llopis S, Bañuls C, Lopez-Domenech S, Escribano-Lopez I, Veses S, Jover A, Rocha M, Hernandez-Mijares A, Victor VM. Does Metformin Protect Diabetic Patients from Oxidative Stress and Leukocyte-Endothelium Interactions? Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 27:1439-1445. [PMID: 28467723 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Since metformin can exert beneficial vascular effects, we aimed at studying its effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, antioxidant enzyme expression, levels of adhesion molecules, and leukocyte-endothelium interactions in the leukocytes from type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients. The study was carried out in 72 T2D patients (41 of whom were treated with metformin for at least 12 months at a dose of 1700 mg per day), and in 40 sex- and age-matched control subjects. Leukocytes from T2D patients exhibited enhanced levels of mitochondrial ROS and decreased mRNA levels of glutathione peroxidase 1 (gpx1) and sirtuin 3 (sirt3) with respect to controls, whereas metformin was shown to revert these effects. No changes were observed on total ROS production and the expression levels of superoxide dismutase 1 and catalase. Furthermore, increases in leukocyte-endothelial interactions and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and P-selectin levels were found in T2D and were also restored in metformin-treated patients. Our findings raise the question of whether metformin could modulate the appearance of atherosclerosis in T2D patients and reduce vascular events by decreasing leukocyte oxidative stress through an increase in gpx1 and sirt3 expression, and undermining adhesion molecule levels and leukocyte-endothelium interactions. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 27, 1439-1445.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Diaz-Morales
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra Lopez-Domenech
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Irene Escribano-Lopez
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Silvia Veses
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Jover
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain .,2 CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernandez-Mijares
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain .,3 Department of Medicine, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
| | - Victor M Victor
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain .,2 CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain .,4 Department of Physiology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
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20
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Diaz-Morales N, Rovira-Llopis S, Escribano-Lopez I, Bañuls C, Lopez-Domenech S, Falcón R, de Maranon AM, Sola E, Jover A, Roldan I, Diez JL, Rocha M, Hernández-Mijares A, Víctor VM. Role of Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Skeletal Muscle in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Curr Pharm Des 2017; 22:2650-6. [PMID: 26898744 DOI: 10.2174/1381612822666160217142949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes can increase the risk of skeletal muscle dysfunction and, consequently, that of cardiovascular diseases, including coronary artery disease and stroke. It is also related to a reduced capacity for exercise, but the underlying mechanism is only partially understood. There are several factors that contribute to the development of skeletal muscle dysfunction, of which oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are among the most important. This review discusses the role of oxidative stress in the development and progression of skeletal and cardiac dysfunction associated with diabetes. It also provides an overview of the potential actions of antioxidants in general and mitochondria-targeted antioxidants in particular in the treatment of muscle dysfunction in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Milagros Rocha
- FISABIO- University Hospital Doctor Peset, Avda Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain.
| | | | - Victor M Víctor
- FISABIO- University Hospital Doctor Peset, Avda Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain.
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Rocha M, Diaz-Morales N, Rovira-Llopis S, Escribano-Lopez I, Bañuls C, Hernandez-Mijares A, Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Victor VM. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Diabetes. Curr Pharm Des 2017; 22:2640-9. [PMID: 26861650 DOI: 10.2174/1381612822666160209152033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
It is generally accepted that mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are related to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Mitochondria use substrates from lipid and glucose metabolism in order to generate ATP, and when mitochondrial O2 consumption is decreased due to an altered metabolism there is an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can impair different types of molecules and cells, especially in β- cells during type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, the maintenance of ER function in insulin-secreting β-cells is crucial, and when ER homeostasis is disrupted, the ER develops an unfolded protein response (UPR) in order to maintain the homeostasis of this organelle. However, when homeostasis fails in mitochondria and ER, these organelles can initiate death signalling pathways. New research has suggested that hyperlipidemia and hyperliglucaemia, known as key factors of type 2 diabetes (T2D), disrupt mitochondrial activity and ER homeostasis, thus triggering a disruption of energy metabolism, unresolvable UPR activation and β-cell death. This review explains the mechanisms of mitochondrial function and ER stress related to the pathological effects of type 2 diabetes in different tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milagros Rocha
- University Hospital Doctor Peset, Avda Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain.
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Rovira-Llopis S, Bañuls C, de Marañon AM, Diaz-Morales N, Jover A, Garzon S, Rocha M, Victor VM, Hernandez-Mijares A. Low testosterone levels are related to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and altered subclinical atherosclerotic markers in type 2 diabetic male patients. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 108:155-162. [PMID: 28359952 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Low testosterone levels in men are associated with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk. However, the role of testosterone in mitochondrial function and leukocyte-endothelium interactions is unknown. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between testosterone levels, metabolic parameters, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, inflammation and leukocyte-endothelium interactions in type 2 diabetic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was performed in 280 male type 2 diabetic patients and 50 control subjects. Anthropometric and metabolic parameters, testosterone levels, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane potential, TNFα, adhesion molecules and leukocyte-endothelium cell interactions were evaluated. RESULTS Testosterone levels were lower in diabetic patients. Total and mitochondrial ROS were increased and mitochondrial membrane potential, SOD and GSR expression levels were reduced in diabetic patients. TNFα, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels, leukocyte rolling flux and adhesion were all enhanced in diabetic patients, while rolling velocity was reduced. Testosterone levels correlated negatively with glucose, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, triglycerides, nonHDL-c, ApoB, hs-CRP and AIP, and positively with HDL-c and ApoA1. The multivariable regression model showed that HDL-c, HOMA-IR and age were independently associated with testosterone. Furthermore, testosterone levels correlated positively with membrane potential and rolling velocity and negatively with ROS production, VCAM-1, rolling flux and adhesion. CONCLUSIONS Our data highlight that low testosterone levels in diabetic men are related to impaired metabolic profile and mitochondrial function and enhanced inflammation and leukocyte-endothelium cell interaction, which leaves said patients at risk of cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset-FISABIO, Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset-FISABIO, Valencia, Spain
| | - Aranzazu M de Marañon
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset-FISABIO, Valencia, Spain
| | - Noelia Diaz-Morales
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset-FISABIO, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Jover
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset-FISABIO, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra Garzon
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset-FISABIO, Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset-FISABIO, Valencia, Spain; CIBER CB06/04/0071 Research Group, CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Victor M Victor
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset-FISABIO, Valencia, Spain; CIBER CB06/04/0071 Research Group, CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Antonio Hernandez-Mijares
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset-FISABIO, Valencia, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Bañuls C, Rovira-Llopis S, Martinez de Marañon A, Veses S, Jover A, Gomez M, Rocha M, Hernandez-Mijares A, Victor VM. Metabolic syndrome enhances endoplasmic reticulum, oxidative stress and leukocyte-endothelium interactions in PCOS. Metabolism 2017; 71:153-162. [PMID: 28521868 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with insulin resistance, which can lead to metabolic syndrome (MetS). Oxidative stress and leukocyte-endothelium interactions are related to PCOS. Our aim was to evaluate whether the presence of MetS in PCOS patients can influence endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and oxidative stress and leukocyte-endothelium interactions. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a prospective controlled study conducted in an academic medical center. The study population consisted of 148 PCOS women (116 without/32 with MetS) and 112 control subjects (87 without / 25 with MetS). Metabolic parameters, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, ER stress markers (GRP78, sXBP1, ATF6), leukocyte-endothelium interactions, adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1, E-Selectin), TNF-α and IL-6 were determined. RESULTS Total ROS, inflammatory parameters and adhesion molecules were enhanced in the presence of MetS (p<0.05), and the PCOS+MetS group showed higher levels of IL-6 and ICAM-1 than controls (p<0.05). Increased adhesion and leukocyte rolling flux were observed in PCOS and PCOS+MetS groups vs their respective controls (p<0.05). GRP78 protein expression was higher in the PCOS groups (p<0.05 vs controls) and sXBP1 was associated with the presence of MetS (p<0.05 vs controls without MetS). Furthermore, PCOS+MetS patients exhibited higher GRP78 and ATF6 levels than controls and PCOS patients without MetS (p<0.05). In PCOS women, HOMA-IR was positively correlated with ICAM-1 (r=0.501; p<0.01), ROS (r=0.604; p<0.01), rolling flux (r=0.455;p<0.05) and GRP78 (r=0.574; p<0.001). CONCLUSION Our findings support the hypothesis of an association between altered metabolic status, increased ROS production, ER stress and leukocyte-endothelium interactions in PCOS, all of which are related to vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Bañuls
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Aranzazu Martinez de Marañon
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Silvia Veses
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Jover
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Marcelino Gomez
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernandez-Mijares
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Victor M Victor
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Rovira-Llopis S, Bañuls C, Diaz-Morales N, Hernandez-Mijares A, Rocha M, Victor VM. Mitochondrial dynamics in type 2 diabetes: Pathophysiological implications. Redox Biol 2017; 11:637-645. [PMID: 28131082 PMCID: PMC5284490 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a key role in maintaining cellular metabolic homeostasis. These organelles have a high plasticity and are involved in dynamic processes such as mitochondrial fusion and fission, mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis. Type 2 diabetes is characterised by mitochondrial dysfunction, high production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and low levels of ATP. Mitochondrial fusion is modulated by different proteins, including mitofusin-1 (MFN1), mitofusin-2 (MFN2) and optic atrophy (OPA-1), while fission is controlled by mitochondrial fission 1 (FIS1), dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) and mitochondrial fission factor (MFF). PARKIN and (PTEN)-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) participate in the process of mitophagy, for which mitochondrial fission is necessary. In this review, we discuss the molecular pathways of mitochondrial dynamics, their impairment under type 2 diabetes, and pharmaceutical approaches for targeting mitochondrial dynamics, such as mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 (mdivi-1), dynasore, P110 and 15-oxospiramilactone. Furthermore, we discuss the pathophysiological implications of impaired mitochondrial dynamics, especially in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Noelia Diaz-Morales
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernandez-Mijares
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Victor M Victor
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Escribano-Lopez I, Diaz-Morales N, Rovira-Llopis S, de Marañon AM, Orden S, Alvarez A, Bañuls C, Rocha M, Murphy MP, Hernandez-Mijares A, Victor VM. The mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ modulates oxidative stress, inflammation and leukocyte-endothelium interactions in leukocytes isolated from type 2 diabetic patients. Redox Biol 2016; 10:200-205. [PMID: 27810734 PMCID: PMC5094376 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is not known if the mitochondria-targeted antioxidants such as mitoquinone (MitoQ) can modulate oxidative stress and leukocyte-endothelium interactions in T2D patients. We aimed to evaluate the beneficial effect of MitoQ on oxidative stress parameters and leukocyte-endothelium interactions in leukocytes of T2D patients. The study population consisted of 98 T2D patients and 71 control subjects. We assessed metabolic and anthropometric parameters, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX-1), NFκB-p65, TNFα and leukocyte-endothelium interactions. Diabetic patients exhibited higher weight, BMI, waist circumference, SBP, DBP, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, triglycerides, hs-CRP and lower HDL-c with respect to controls. Mitochondrial ROS production was enhanced in T2D patients and decreased by MitoQ. The antioxidant also increased GPX-1 levels and PMN rolling velocity and decreased PMN rolling flux and PMN adhesion in T2D patients. NFκB-p65 and TNFα were augmented in T2D and were both reduced by MitoQ treatment. Our findings support that the antioxidant MitoQ has an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant action in the leukocytes of T2D patients by decreasing ROS production, leukocyte-endothelium interactions and TNFα through the action of NFκB. These data suggest that mitochondria-targeted antioxidants such as MitoQ should be investigated as a novel means of preventing cardiovascular events in T2D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Escribano-Lopez
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Noelia Diaz-Morales
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Arantxa Martinez de Marañon
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Samuel Orden
- CIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Angeles Alvarez
- CIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Hernandez-Mijares
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Victor M Victor
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Diaz-Morales N, Rovira-Llopis S, Bañuls C, Escribano-Lopez I, de Marañon AM, Lopez-Domenech S, Orden S, Roldan-Torres I, Alvarez A, Veses S, Jover A, Rocha M, Hernandez-Mijares A, Victor VM. Are Mitochondrial Fusion and Fission Impaired in Leukocytes of Type 2 Diabetic Patients? Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 25:108-15. [PMID: 27043041 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial fusion/fission alterations have been evaluated in different tissues of type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients. However, it is not known whether mitochondrial dynamics is disturbed in the leukocytes of T2D patients and whether glycemic control affects its regulation. Anthropometric and metabolic parameters in 91 T2D patients (48 with glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] <6.5% and 43 with HbA1c >6.5%) were characteristic of the disease when compared with 78 control subjects. We observed increased reactive oxygen species production in leukocytes from diabetic patients, together with a reduced mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate, especially in poorly controlled patients. Mitochondrial fusion was reduced and fission was increased in diabetic patients, and both features were accentuated in patients with poor glycemic control. Furthermore, leukocyte rolling flux rose in parallel to HbA1c levels. The induction of leukocyte-endothelial interactions in diabetic patients was related to reduced mitochondrial fusion and higher mitochondrial fission. Our findings suggest that mitochondrial dynamics could be influenced by glycemic control in leukocytes of diabetic patients, in which there is decreased mitochondrial fusion and elevated fission related to enhanced leukocyte-endothelial interactions. These findings lead to the hypothesis that poor glycemic control during T2D may alter mitochondrial dynamics and could eventually promote leukocyte-endothelial interactions and the onset of cardiovascular diseases. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 25, 108-115.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Diaz-Morales
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain .,2 Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain .,2 Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
| | - Irene Escribano-Lopez
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain
| | - Arantxa Martinez de Marañon
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra Lopez-Domenech
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain
| | - Samuel Orden
- 3 CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
| | - Ildefonso Roldan-Torres
- 4 Service of Cardiology, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Angeles Alvarez
- 3 CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
| | - Silvia Veses
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Jover
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain .,2 Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain .,3 CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernandez-Mijares
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain .,2 Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain .,3 CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain .,5 Department of Medicine, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
| | - Victor M Victor
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain .,2 Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain .,3 CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain .,6 Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Bañuls C, Rovira-Llopis S, Falcón R, Veses S, Monzó N, Víctor VM, Rocha M, Hernández-Mijares A. Chronic consumption of an inositol-enriched carob extract improves postprandial glycaemia and insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects: A randomized controlled trial. Clin Nutr 2016; 35:600-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Victor VM, Rovira-Llopis S, Bañuls C, Diaz-Morales N, Martinez de Marañon A, Rios-Navarro C, Alvarez A, Gomez M, Rocha M, Hernández-Mijares A. Insulin Resistance in PCOS Patients Enhances Oxidative Stress and Leukocyte Adhesion: Role of Myeloperoxidase. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151960. [PMID: 27007571 PMCID: PMC4805297 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases and oxidative stress are related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and insulin resistance (IR). We have evaluated the relationship between myeloperoxidase (MPO) and leukocyte activation in PCOS patients according to homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR), and have explored a possible correlation between these factors and endocrine and inflammatory parameters. This was a prospective controlled study conducted in an academic medical center. The study population consisted of 101 PCOS subjects and 105 control subjects. We divided PCOS subjects into PCOS non-IR (HOMA-IR<2.5) and PCOS IR (HOMA-IR>2.5). Metabolic and anthropometric parameters, total and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, MPO levels, interactions between human umbilical vein endothelial cells and leukocytes, adhesion molecules (E-selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) were evaluated. Oxidative stress was observed in PCOS patients, in whom there was an increase in total and mitochondrial ROS production and MPO levels. Enhanced rolling flux and adhesion, and a decrease in polymorphonuclear cell rolling velocity were also detected in PCOS subjects. Increases in IL-6 and TNF-α and adhesion molecules (E-selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) were also observed, particularly in the PCOS IR group, providing evidence that inflammation and oxidative stress are related in PCOS patients. HOMA-IR was positively correlated with hsCRP (p<0.001, r = 0.304), ROS production (p<0.01, r = 0.593), leukocyte rolling flux (p<0.05, r = 0.446), E-selectin (p<0.01, r = 0.436) and IL-6 (p<0.001, r = 0.443). The results show an increase in the rate of ROS and MPO levels in PCOS patients in general, and particularly in those with IR. Inflammation in PCOS induces leukocyte-endothelium interactions and a simultaneous increase in IL-6, TNF-α, E-selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. These conditions are aggravated by the presence of IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor M. Victor
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- CIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- * E-mail: (AH-M); (MR); (VMV)
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Noelia Diaz-Morales
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Arantxa Martinez de Marañon
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Cesar Rios-Navarro
- CIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Angeles Alvarez
- CIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- General Foundation of the University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marcelino Gomez
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- CIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- * E-mail: (AH-M); (MR); (VMV)
| | - Antonio Hernández-Mijares
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- * E-mail: (AH-M); (MR); (VMV)
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Hernandez-Mijares A, Bañuls C, Rovira-Llopis S, Diaz-Morales N, Escribano-Lopez I, de Pablo C, Alvarez A, Veses S, Rocha M, Victor VM. Effects of simvastatin, ezetimibe and simvastatin/ezetimibe on mitochondrial function and leukocyte/endothelial cell interactions in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Atherosclerosis 2016; 247:40-7. [PMID: 26868507 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholesterol-lowering therapy has been related with several beneficial effects; however, its influence on oxidative stress and endothelial function is not fully elucidated. AIMS To investigate the effect of simvastatin and ezetimibe on mitochondrial function and leukocyte-endothelium interactions in polymorphonuclear cells of hyperlipidemic patients. METHODS Thirty-nine hyperlipidemic patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: one received simvastatin (40 mg/day) and the other received ezetimibe (10 mg/day) for 4 weeks, after which both groups were administered combined therapy for an additional 4-week period. Lipid profile, mitochondrial parameters (oxygen consumption, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and membrane potential), glutathione levels, superoxide dismutase activity, catalase activity and leukocyte/endothelial cell interactions and adhesion molecules -VCAM-1, ICAM-1, E-selectin, were evaluated. RESULTS An improvement in lipid profile was observed after administration of simvastatin or ezetimibe alone (LDLc: -40.2 vs -19.6%, respectively), though this effect was stronger with the former (p < 0.001), and a further reduction was registered when the two were combined (LDLc: -50.7% vs -56.8%, respectively). In addition to this, simvastatin, ezetimibe and simvastatin + ezetimibe significantly increased oxygen consumption, membrane potential and glutathione content, and decreased levels of ROS, thereby improving mitochondrial function. Furthermore, simvastatin + ezetimibe increased catalase activity. In addition, simvastatin and simvastatin/ezetimibe improved leukocyte/endothelium interactions by decreasing leukocyte rolling and adhesion and increasing leukocyte rolling velocity. Finally, simvastatin, ezetimibe and simvastatin + ezetimibe reduced levels of the adhesion molecule ICAM-1, and ezetimibe + simvastatin significantly decreased levels of E-selectin. CONCLUSION Co-administration of simvastatin and ezetimibe has an additive cholesterol-lowering effect and beneficial consequences for mitochondrial function and leukocyte/endothelium interactions in leukocytes of hypercholesterolemic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Hernandez-Mijares
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Noelia Diaz-Morales
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Irene Escribano-Lopez
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen de Pablo
- Department of Pharmacology and CIBERehd, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Angeles Alvarez
- Department of Pharmacology and CIBERehd, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain; Fundación General de Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Silvia Veses
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Victor M Victor
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Rovira-Llopis S, Díaz-Morales N, Bañuls C, Blas-García A, Polo M, López-Domenech S, Jover A, Rocha M, Hernández-Mijares A, Víctor VM. Is Autophagy Altered in the Leukocytes of Type 2 Diabetic Patients? Antioxid Redox Signal 2015. [PMID: 26218267 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
It is unknown whether autophagy is altered in the leukocytes of type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients and whether oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stresses regulate this mechanism. We studied anthropometric and metabolic parameters and evaluated oxidative stress, chromatin condensation, ER stress, and autophagy parameters in leukocytes of 103 T2D patients versus 109 sex- and age-matched controls. Patients showed increases in glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) compared with controls (p < 0.001). Leukocytes displayed enhanced total and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduced mitochondrial mass, and increased chromatin condensation (p < 0.05). ER stress was also activated in diabetic patients, who displayed augmented glucose-regulated protein 78 kDa (GRP78), phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 1 alpha (P-eIF2α), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) levels (p < 0.05). We also observed an increase in the autophagy markers, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3)-II and Beclin 1 (p < 0.05), and significant positive correlations between Beclin 1 and total ROS (r = 0.667), GRP78 (r = 0.925) and P-eIF2α (r = 0.644), and between LC3-II and P-eIF2α (r = 0.636) and ATF6 (r = 0.601). Our results lead to the hypothesis that autophagy is activated in the leukocytes of T2D patients and that both oxidative and ER stress signaling pathways may be implicated in the induction of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Rovira-Llopis
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain .,2 Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
| | - Noelia Díaz-Morales
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain .,2 Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Blas-García
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain .,3 CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
| | - Miriam Polo
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain .,3 CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra López-Domenech
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Jover
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain .,2 Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain .,3 CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernández-Mijares
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain .,2 Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain .,4 Department of Medicine, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
| | - Víctor M Víctor
- 1 Service of Endocrinology, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain .,2 Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain .,3 CIBERehd-Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain .,5 Department of Physiology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
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Victor VM, Rovira-Llopis S, Bañuls C, Diaz-Morales N, Castelló R, Falcón R, Gómez M, Rocha M, Hernández-Mijares A. Effects of metformin on mitochondrial function of leukocytes from polycystic ovary syndrome patients with insulin resistance. Eur J Endocrinol 2015; 173:683-91. [PMID: 26320144 DOI: 10.1530/eje-15-0572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are implicated in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The present study assesses the effect of metformin treatment on mitochondrial function in polymorphonuclear cells from PCOS subjects. Additionally, we evaluate endocrine parameters and levels of interleukin 6 (IL6) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). DESIGN AND METHODS Our study population was comprised of 35 women of reproductive age diagnosed with PCOS and treated with metformin for 12 weeks, and their corresponding controls (n=41), adjusted by age and BMI. We evaluated the alteration of endocrinological and anthropometrical parameters and androgen levels. Mitochondrial O2 consumption (using a Clark-type O2 electrode), membrane potential, mitochondrial mass, and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) (by means of fluorescence microscopy) were assessed in poymorphonuclear cells. H2O2 was evaluated with the Amplex Red(R) H2O2/Peroxidase Assay kit. IL6 and TNFα were measured using the Luminex 200 flow analyser system. RESULTS Metformin had beneficial effects on patients by increasing mitochondrial O2 consumption, membrane potential, mitochondrial mass and glutathione levels, and by decreasing levels of reactive oxygen species and H2O2. In addition, metformin reduced glucose, follicle-stimulating hormone, IL6 and TNFα levels and increased dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels. HOMA-IR and mitochondrial function biomarkers positively correlated with ROS production (r=0.486, P=0.025), GSH content (r=0.710, P=0.049) and H2O2 (r=0.837, P=0.010), and negatively correlated with membrane potential (r=-0.829, P=0.011) at baseline. These differences disappeared after metformin treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate the beneficial effects of metformin treatment on mitochondrial function in leukocytes of PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor M Victor
- Service of EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avenida Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainInstitute of Health Research INCLIVAUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, Spain Service of EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avenida Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainInstitute of Health Research INCLIVAUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, Spain Service of EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avenida Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainInstitute of Health Research INCLIVAUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Service of EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avenida Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainInstitute of Health Research INCLIVAUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, Spain Service of EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avenida Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainInstitute of Health Research INCLIVAUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Service of EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avenida Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainInstitute of Health Research INCLIVAUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, Spain Service of EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avenida Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainInstitute of Health Research INCLIVAUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Noelia Diaz-Morales
- Service of EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avenida Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainInstitute of Health Research INCLIVAUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raquel Castelló
- Service of EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avenida Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainInstitute of Health Research INCLIVAUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rosa Falcón
- Service of EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avenida Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainInstitute of Health Research INCLIVAUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marcelino Gómez
- Service of EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avenida Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainInstitute of Health Research INCLIVAUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Service of EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avenida Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainInstitute of Health Research INCLIVAUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, Spain Service of EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avenida Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainInstitute of Health Research INCLIVAUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, Spain Service of EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avenida Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainInstitute of Health Research INCLIVAUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernández-Mijares
- Service of EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avenida Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainInstitute of Health Research INCLIVAUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, Spain Service of EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avenida Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainInstitute of Health Research INCLIVAUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, Spain Service of EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Avenida Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, SpainInstitute of Health Research INCLIVAUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBERehd - Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Hernández-Mijares A, Bañuls C, Rovira-Llopis S, Álvarez Á, Orden S, Rubio-Puchol O, Víctor VM, Rocha M. Chronic consumption of an inositol-enriched beverage ameliorates endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Apostolova N, Rocha M, Rovira-Llopis S, Banuls C, Falcon R, Castello R, Hernandez-Mijares A, Victor VM. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants as a therapeutic strategy for protecting endothelium in cardiovascular diseases. Curr Med Chem 2015; 21:2989-3006. [PMID: 24934349 DOI: 10.2174/0929867321666140601200416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction involving dysfunctional mitochondria precedes the development of cardiovascular diseases. This impairment results from an increase in reactive oxygen species, which leads to oxidative stress and a reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide. It has been demonstrated that oxidative stress and alterations in glucose and lipid homeostasis (e.g. hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia) are linked to mitochondrial impairment and that all of them contribute to endothelial dysfunction. Anti-hyperlipidemic drugs such as statins, anti-hypertensive drugs and angiotensin receptor antagonists have been shown to exert protection through anti-oxidative stress mechanisms. Other substances with antioxidant properties, such as vitamins, are also capable of abolishing the oxidative stress associated with cardiometabolic diseases. However, the results obtained with general antioxidants in clinical trials are contradictory, perhaps due to the unspecific nature of the targets selected. This study correlates endothelial dysfunction and mitochondrial dysfunction and examines current research for the selective targeting of specific molecules (such as ·NO donors and antioxidants) to mitochondria with the aim of protecting the endothelium against oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Victor M Victor
- FISABIO-University Hospital Doctor Peset, Avda Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain.
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Victor VM, Rovira-Llopis S, Bañuls C, Diaz-Morales N, Lopez-Domenech S, Escribano-López I, Rios-Navarro C, Alvarez A, Gomez M, Rocha M, Hernandez-Mijares A. Metformin modulates human leukocyte/endothelial cell interactions and proinflammatory cytokines in polycystic ovary syndrome patients. Atherosclerosis 2015; 242:167-73. [PMID: 26188541 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aim to assess the effect of metformin treatment on metabolic parameters, endothelial function and inflammatory markers in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) subjects. METHODS The study population consisted of 40 reproductive-age women with PCOS, who underwent treatment with metformin during a 12-week period, and their corresponding matched controls (n = 44). We evaluated endocrinological parameters, adhesion molecules (vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and E-selectin) and proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)) in serum. In addition, interactions between human umbilical vein endothelial cells and polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells were assessed by flow chamber microscopy. In addition, a group of type 2 diabetes patients who underwent treatment with metformin during a 12-week period was incorporated into the study. RESULTS Metformin produced beneficial effects on PCOS patients by decreasing polymorphonuclear (PMN) rolling flux and adhesion. It also decreased levels of ICAM-1, E-selectin, IL-6 and ΤΝFα. In addition, metformin induced an improvement of endocrine and anthropometric parameters in PCOS subjects by reducing glucose, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and androstendione, and by increasing dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S). Metformin also had beneficial effects in type 2 diabetic subjects by reducing body weight, waist circumference and PMN adhesion, and by increasing PMN rolling velocity. CONCLUSION Our results highlight the modulating effect of metformin on leukocyte/endothelium interactions. These findings may explain the potential beneficial effect of metformin in reducing the risk of vascular events in PCOS patients and in insulin resistance conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor M Victor
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Pharmacology and CIBERehd, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain.
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Noelia Diaz-Morales
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra Lopez-Domenech
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Irene Escribano-López
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Cesar Rios-Navarro
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Department of Pharmacology and CIBERehd, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Angeles Alvarez
- Department of Pharmacology and CIBERehd, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain; Fundación General de Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marcelino Gomez
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Pharmacology and CIBERehd, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain.
| | - Antonio Hernandez-Mijares
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Víctor VM, Rovira-Llopis S, Saiz-Alarcón V, Sangüesa MC, Rojo-Bofill L, Bañuls C, de Pablo C, Álvarez Á, Rojo L, Rocha M, Hernández-Mijares A. Involvement of leucocyte/endothelial cell interactions in anorexia nervosa. Eur J Clin Invest 2015; 45:670-8. [PMID: 25944525 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anorexia nervosa is a common psychiatric disorder in adolescence and is related to cardiovascular complications. Our aim was to study the effect of anorexia nervosa on metabolic parameters, leucocyte-endothelium interactions, adhesion molecules and proinflammatory cytokines. MATERIALS AND METHODS This multicentre, cross-sectional, case-control study employed a population of 24 anorexic female patients and 36 controls. We evaluated anthropometric and metabolic parameters, interactions between leucocytes polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), proinflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and soluble cellular adhesion molecules (CAMs) including E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). RESULTS Anorexia nervosa was related to a decrease in weight, body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR, and an increase in HDL cholesterol. These effects disappeared after adjusting for BMI. Anorexia nervosa induced a decrease in PMN rolling velocity and an increase in PMN rolling flux and PMN adhesion. Increases in IL-6 and TNF-α and adhesion molecule VCAM-1 were also observed. CONCLUSIONS This study supports the hypothesis of an association between anorexia nervosa, inflammation and the induction of leucocyte-endothelium interactions. These findings may explain, in part at least, the increased risk of vascular disease among patients with anorexia nervosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor M Víctor
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.,Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain.,Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.,Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain.,Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Celia Bañuls
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.,Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain.,Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen de Pablo
- Department of Pharmacology and CIBER CB06/04/0071 Research Group, CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ángeles Álvarez
- Department of Pharmacology and CIBER CB06/04/0071 Research Group, CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Fundacion General de la Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis Rojo
- Psychiatry Service, University Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Research Group CIBER CB/06/02/0045 CIBER actions - Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.,Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain.,Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernández-Mijares
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.,Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain.,Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Banuls C, Rocha M, Rovira-Llopis S, Falcon R, Castello R, Herance JR, Polo M, Blas-Garcia A, Hernandez-Mijares A, Victor VM. The pivotal role of nitric oxide: effects on the nervous and immune systems. Curr Pharm Des 2015; 20:4679-89. [PMID: 24588818 DOI: 10.2174/1381612820666140130213510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has an important role in physiological and pathological processes in general, and in particular plays a homeostatic role in the nervous and immune systems. The many different physiological functions of NO include those of a mediator of blood vessel dilation, neurotransmitter, neuromodulator and inductor of mitochondrial biogenesis. In addition, NO can transform into highly reactive and harmful molecules producing an impairment of the DNA, lipids or proteins, and thus altering their function. This dual action of NO, by which it plays an important role in homeostasis and aids the development of pathological processes, makes this molecule an interesting target for medical therapies, especially with respect to the nervous and immune systems. This review describes the multiple roles of NO played out in the nervous and immune systems during different physiological and pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Victor M Victor
- University Hospital Doctor Peset, Avda Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain.
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Apostolova N, Rovira-Llopis S, Baldoví HG, Navalon S, Asiri AM, Victor VM, Garcia H, Herance JR. Ceria nanoparticles with rhodamine B as a powerful theranostic agent against intracellular oxidative stress. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra12794g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceria nanoparticles with rhodamine B (RhB-CeNPs) are a new class of biocompatible nanomaterial with antioxidant activity and sensor capacity against oxidant species both in solution and in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Service of Endocrinology
- University Hospital Dr Peset
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO) and CIBERehd
- Valencia
- Spain
| | - Herme G. Baldoví
- Instituto Universitario de Tecnología Química CSIC-UPV
- Univ. Politécnica de Valencia
- Valencia
- Spain
| | - Sergio Navalon
- Instituto Universitario de Tecnología Química CSIC-UPV
- Univ. Politécnica de Valencia
- Valencia
- Spain
| | - Abdullah M. Asiri
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Victor M. Victor
- Service of Endocrinology
- University Hospital Dr Peset
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO) and CIBERehd
- Valencia
- Spain
| | - Hermenegildo Garcia
- Instituto Universitario de Tecnología Química CSIC-UPV
- Univ. Politécnica de Valencia
- Valencia
- Spain
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research
| | - Jose Raul Herance
- Service of Endocrinology
- University Hospital Dr Peset
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO) and CIBERehd
- Valencia
- Spain
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Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for multiple severe health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancer. It is often related to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality and, as it can be accompanied by non-fatal health problems, quality of life is seriously reduced due to related conditions including hypertension, sleep apnea, osteoarthritis, respiratory problems and infertility. Evidence suggests that oxidative stress is related to obesity and its complications. In obese patients, there is an increase in levels of reactive oxygen species and nitrogen species and antioxidant defenses are undermined in comparison to normal-weight counterparts. In addition, these parameters inversely correlate with central adiposity. In this review, the authors discuss current concepts concerning the relationship between obesity and oxidative stress and mitochondrial impairment. Potential interventions to improve redox balance are also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Rovira-Llopis
- a Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset, Avda Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain
- b Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
- c Fundacion para la Investigación INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernández-Mijares
- a Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset, Avda Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain
- b Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
- c Fundacion para la Investigación INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- d Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- a Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset, Avda Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain
- b Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
- c Fundacion para la Investigación INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Victor M Victor
- a Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), University Hospital Doctor Peset, Avda Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain
- b Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
- c Fundacion para la Investigación INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- d Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- e Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Rovira-Llopis S, Bañuls C, Apostolova N, Morillas C, Hernandez-Mijares A, Rocha M, Victor VM. Is glycemic control modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress in leukocytes of type 2 diabetic patients? Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:1759-65. [PMID: 25000244 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.6030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is related to type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the influence of glycemic control on these parameters and its relationship with leukocyte-endothelial interactions is not known. In our study population consisting of 164 diabetic patients, (102 with glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] <7% and 62 with HbA1c >7%) and 84 nondiabetic controls, we have verified a common anthropometric and metabolic pattern of T2D with dyslipidemia. Inflammatory parameters (high-sensitive C-reactive protein [hs-CRP] and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNFα]) and E-selectin levels were enhanced in the HbA1c >7% group with regard to controls. O2 consumption and mitochondrial membrane potential were lower in diabetic patients than in controls. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was enhanced in diabetic patients than in controls and positively correlated with HbA1c levels. GRP78 levels were higher in both diabetic groups. However, HbA1c <7% patients displayed higher levels of spliced X-box binding protein 1 (sXBP1), whereas HbA1c >7% patients exhibited preferentially enhanced levels of CHOP (CCAAT/enhancer binding protein [C/EBP] homologous protein) and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). Reduced leukocyte rolling velocity and increased rolling flux and adhesion were observed in diabetic patients. Our findings lead to the hypothesis of an association between poor glycemic control in T2D and increased leukocyte ROS production and chronic ER stress that could finally promote leukocyte-endothelial interactions, which, in turn, poses a risk of vascular complications for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Rovira-Llopis
- 1 Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO) , Valencia, Spain
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Victor VM, Rovira-Llopis S, Saiz-Alarcon V, Sangüesa MC, Rojo-Bofill L, Bañuls C, Falcón R, Castelló R, Rojo L, Rocha M, Hernández-Mijares A. Altered mitochondrial function and oxidative stress in leukocytes of anorexia nervosa patients. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106463. [PMID: 25254642 PMCID: PMC4177818 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Anorexia nervosa is a common illness among adolescents and is characterised by oxidative stress. Objective The effects of anorexia on mitochondrial function and redox state in leukocytes from anorexic subjects were evaluated. Design and setting A multi-centre, cross-sectional case-control study was performed. Patients Our study population consisted of 20 anorexic patients and 20 age-matched controls, all of which were Caucasian women. Main outcome measures Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were evaluated in the study population. To assess whether anorexia nervosa affects mitochondrial function and redox state in leukocytes of anorexic patients, we measured mitochondrial oxygen consumption, membrane potential, reactive oxygen species production, glutathione levels, mitochondrial mass, and complex I and III activity in polymorphonuclear cells. Results Mitochondrial function was impaired in the leukocytes of the anorexic patients. This was evident in a decrease in mitochondrial O2 consumption (P<0.05), mitochondrial membrane potential (P<0.01) and GSH levels (P<0.05), and an increase in ROS production (P<0.05) with respect to control subjects. Furthermore, a reduction of mitochondrial mass was detected in leukocytes of the anorexic patients (P<0.05), while the activity of mitochondrial complex I (P<0.001), but not that of complex III, was found to be inhibited in the same population. Conclusions Oxidative stress is produced in the leukocytes of anorexic patients and is closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction. Our results lead us to propose that the oxidative stress that occurs in anorexia takes place at mitochondrial complex I. Future research concerning mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress should aim to determine the physiological mechanism involved in this effect and the physiological impact of anorexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor M. Victor
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- * E-mail: (VMV); (AHM)
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vanessa Saiz-Alarcon
- Psychiatry Service, University Hospital La Fe, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria C. Sangüesa
- Psychiatry Service, University Hospital La Fe, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis Rojo-Bofill
- Psychiatry Service, University Hospital La Fe, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rosa Falcón
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raquel Castelló
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis Rojo
- Psychiatry Service, University Hospital La Fe, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Research Group CIBER CB/06/02/0045, CIBER actions, Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernández-Mijares
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- * E-mail: (VMV); (AHM)
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Rocha M, Bañuls C, Bellod L, Rovira-Llopis S, Morillas C, Solá E, Víctor VM, Hernández-Mijares A. Association of serum retinol binding protein 4 with atherogenic dyslipidemia in morbid obese patients. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78670. [PMID: 24223837 PMCID: PMC3817034 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) is an adipokine that may contribute to the development of insulin resistance. However, how this adipokine is affected and its possible involvement in lipid metabolism in obese patients with varying degrees of insulin resistance is yet to be determined. A total of 299 middle-aged morbid obese patients (BMI>40 kg/m(2)) were divided in euglycemic, metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetic. Anthropometric measurements, biochemical variables and systemic RBP4 levels were determined. RBP4 levels were significantly higher in patients with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes than in euglycemic subjects (42.9±14.6; 42.3±17.0 and 37.4±11.7 µg/ml, respectively) and correlated with triglycerides but not with those of HOMA-IR in the whole population. The multivariate regression model revealed that triglycerides were the strongest predictor of systemic RBP4 levels. Analysis of lipoprotein subfractions in a subpopulation of 80 subjects showed an altered profile of insulin resistant states characterized by higher VLDL, sdLDL and small HDL percentages and lower large HDL percentage. Although RBP4 levels correlated significantly with LDL particle size and small HDL percentage, the latter parameter was independently associated only with RBP4. Our study reveals that systemic RBP4 levels could play an important role in lipid metabolism in morbid obesity, increasing triglyceride levels and contributing to the formation of small HDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milagros Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- CIBER CB06/04/0071 Research Group. CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lorena Bellod
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Morillas
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva Solá
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Víctor M. Víctor
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- CIBER CB06/04/0071 Research Group. CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernández-Mijares
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain
- Foundation for the Promotion of Healthcare and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Community (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Rovira-Llopis S, Rocha M, Falcon R, de Pablo C, Alvarez A, Jover A, Hernandez-Mijares A, Victor VM. Is myeloperoxidase a key component in the ROS-induced vascular damage related to nephropathy in type 2 diabetes? Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 19:1452-8. [PMID: 23521574 PMCID: PMC3797450 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
It is still unclear whether microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes correlate with leukocyte-endothelium interactions and/or myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels. In the present study, we found that serum levels of glucose, the rate of ROS and MPO concentration were higher in type 2 diabetic patients. Patients with nephropathy (39.6%) presented higher MPO levels that correlate positively with the albumin/creatinine ratio (r = 0.59, p<0.05). In addition, nephropatic patients showed increased leukocyte-endothelium interactions due to an undermining of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) rolling velocity and increased rolling flux and adhesion, which was accompanied by a rise in levels of the proinflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and the adhesion molecule E-selectin. Furthermore, MPO levels were positively correlated with PMN rolling flux (r = 0.855, p < 0.01) and adhesion (r = 0.682, p<0.05). Our results lead to the hypothesis that type 2 diabetes induces oxidative stress and an increase in MPO levels and leukocyte-endothelium interactions, and that these effects correlate with the development of nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Rovira-Llopis
- 1 Fundacion para la Investigacion Sanitaria y Biomedica de la Comunidad Valenciana FISABIO, Endocrinology Service, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Valencia, Spain
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Rocha M, Rovira-Llopis S, Banuls C, Bellod L, Falcon R, Castello R, Morillas C, Herance J, Hernandez-Mijares A, Victor V. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Insulin Resistance. Curr Pharm Des 2013; 19:5730-41. [DOI: 10.2174/13816128113199990373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Hernandez-Mijares A, Rocha M, Rovira-Llopis S, Bañuls C, Bellod L, de Pablo C, Alvarez A, Roldan-Torres I, Sola-Izquierdo E, Victor VM. Human leukocyte/endothelial cell interactions and mitochondrial dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients and their association with silent myocardial ischemia. Diabetes Care 2013; 36:1695-702. [PMID: 23300290 PMCID: PMC3661843 DOI: 10.2337/dc12-1224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetes is associated with oxidative stress and increased mortality, but a possible correlation between leukocyte-endothelium interactions, oxidative stress, and silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) is yet to be confirmed. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Mitochondrial dysfunction and interactions between leukocytes and human umbilical vein endothelial cells were evaluated in 200 type 2 diabetic patients (25 with SMI) and 60 body composition- and age-matched control subjects. A possible correlation between these parameters and the onset of SMI was explored, and anthropometric and metabolic parameters were also analyzed. RESULTS Waist, levels of triglycerides, proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α), HbA1c, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), glucose, and insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance were higher in diabetic patients than in control subjects. However, no statistical differences in hs-CRP and insulin levels were detected when the data were adjusted for waist. None of these parameters varied between SMI and non-SMI patients. Mitochondrial function was impaired and leukocyte-endothelium interactions were more frequent among diabetic patients, which was evident in the lower mitochondrial O2 consumption, membrane potential, polymorphonuclear cell rolling velocity, and GSH/GSSG ratio, and in the higher mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and rolling flux, adhesion, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin molecules observed in these subjects. Moreover, these differences correlated with SMI. Statistical differences were maintained after adjusting the data for BMI and waist, with the exception of VCAM-1 levels when adjusted for waist. CONCLUSIONS Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endothelium-inducing leukocyte-endothelium interactions are features of type 2 diabetes and correlate with SMI.
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Rocha M, Apostolova N, Herance JR, Rovira-Llopis S, Hernandez-Mijares A, Victor VM. Perspectives and Potential Applications of Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants in Cardiometabolic Diseases and Type 2 Diabetes. Med Res Rev 2013; 34:160-89. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Milagros Rocha
- Fundacion para la Investigacion Sanitaria y Biomedica de la Comunidad Valenciana FISABIO; Valencia Spain
- University Hospital Doctor Peset, Endocrinology Service; Valencia Spain
- INCLIVA Foundation; Valencia Spain
| | - Nadezda Apostolova
- Department of Pharmacology and CIBER CB06/04/0071 Research Group, CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases; University of Valencia; Valencia Spain
| | - Jose Raul Herance
- CRC-Centre d'Imatge Molecular (CRC-CIM), Parc de Recerca Biomedica de Barcelona (PRBB); Barcelona Spain
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Fundacion para la Investigacion Sanitaria y Biomedica de la Comunidad Valenciana FISABIO; Valencia Spain
- University Hospital Doctor Peset, Endocrinology Service; Valencia Spain
| | - Antonio Hernandez-Mijares
- Fundacion para la Investigacion Sanitaria y Biomedica de la Comunidad Valenciana FISABIO; Valencia Spain
- University Hospital Doctor Peset, Endocrinology Service; Valencia Spain
- INCLIVA Foundation; Valencia Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia; Valencia Spain
| | - Victor M. Victor
- Fundacion para la Investigacion Sanitaria y Biomedica de la Comunidad Valenciana FISABIO; Valencia Spain
- University Hospital Doctor Peset, Endocrinology Service; Valencia Spain
- INCLIVA Foundation; Valencia Spain
- Department of Pharmacology and CIBER CB06/04/0071 Research Group, CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases; University of Valencia; Valencia Spain
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia; Valencia Spain
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