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Rowland LA, Czech MP. Fatty acid availability controls autophagy and associated cell functions. Autophagy 2023; 19:3242-3243. [PMID: 37602798 PMCID: PMC10621277 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2246357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy requires enormous membrane expansions during concerted actions of transient autophagic vesicles and lysosomes, yet the source of the membrane lipids is poorly understood. Recent work in adipocytes has now pinpointed the de novo lipogenesis pathway as the preferred source of fatty acids for phospholipid in autophagic membrane synthesis, as loss of FASN (fatty acid synthase) disrupts autophagic flux and lysosome function in vivo and in vitro. These data indicate fatty acid synthesis channels lipid for membrane expansions, whereas fatty acids from circulating lipoproteins provide for adipose lipid storage. Importantly, autophagy blockade upon loss of fatty acids promotes a strong thermogenic phenotype in adipocytes, another striking example whereby autophagy controls cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie A. Rowland
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Michael P. Czech
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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2
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Tsagkaraki E, Guilherme A, Nicoloro SM, Kelly M, Lifshitz LM, Wang H, Min K, Rowland LA, Santos KB, Wetoska N, Friedline RH, Maitland SA, Chen M, Weinstein LS, Wolfe SA, Kim JK, Czech MP. Crosstalk between corepressor NRIP1 and cAMP signaling on adipocyte thermogenic programming. Mol Metab 2023; 76:101780. [PMID: 37482187 PMCID: PMC10410517 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nuclear receptor interacting protein 1 (NRIP1) suppresses energy expenditure via repression of nuclear receptors, and its depletion markedly elevates uncoupled respiration in mouse and human adipocytes. We tested whether NRIP1 deficient adipocytes implanted into obese mice would enhance whole body metabolism. Since β-adrenergic signaling through cAMP strongly promotes adipocyte thermogenesis, we tested whether the effects of NRIP1 knock-out (NRIP1KO) require the cAMP pathway. METHODS NRIP1KO adipocytes were implanted in recipient high-fat diet (HFD) fed mice and metabolic cage studies conducted. The Nrip1 gene was disrupted by CRISPR in primary preadipocytes isolated from control vs adipose selective GsαKO (cAdGsαKO) mice prior to differentiation to adipocytes. Protein kinase A inhibitor was also used. RESULTS Implanting NRIP1KO adipocytes into HFD fed mice enhanced whole-body glucose tolerance by increasing insulin sensitivity, reducing adiposity, and enhancing energy expenditure in the recipients. NRIP1 depletion in both control and GsαKO adipocytes was equally effective in upregulating uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and adipocyte beiging, while β-adrenergic signaling by CL 316,243 was abolished in GsαKO adipocytes. Combining NRIP1KO with CL 316,243 treatment synergistically increased Ucp1 gene expression and increased the adipocyte subpopulation responsive to beiging. Estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) was dispensable for UCP1 upregulation by NRIPKO. CONCLUSIONS The thermogenic effect of NRIP1 depletion in adipocytes causes systemic enhancement of energy expenditure when such adipocytes are implanted into obese mice. Furthermore, NRIP1KO acts independently but cooperatively with the cAMP pathway in mediating its effect on adipocyte beiging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouela Tsagkaraki
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
| | - Adilson Guilherme
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Sarah M Nicoloro
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Mark Kelly
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Lawrence M Lifshitz
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Kyounghee Min
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Leslie A Rowland
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Kaltinaitis B Santos
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Nicole Wetoska
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Randall H Friedline
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Stacy A Maitland
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Min Chen
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1752, USA
| | - Lee S Weinstein
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1752, USA
| | - Scot A Wolfe
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jason K Kim
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Michael P Czech
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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3
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Guilherme A, Rowland LA, Wetoska N, Tsagkaraki E, Santos KB, Bedard AH, Henriques F, Kelly M, Munroe S, Pedersen DJ, Ilkayeva OR, Koves TR, Tauer L, Pan M, Han X, Kim JK, Newgard CB, Muoio DM, Czech MP. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 is a suppressor of the adipocyte thermogenic program. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112488. [PMID: 37163372 PMCID: PMC10286105 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of adipocyte de novo lipogenesis (DNL) by deletion of fatty acid synthase (FASN) in mice induces browning in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT). However, adipocyte FASN knockout (KO) increases acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) and malonyl-CoA in addition to depletion of palmitate. We explore which of these metabolite changes triggers adipose browning by generating eight adipose-selective KO mouse models with loss of ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), ACC2, malonyl-CoA decarboxylase (MCD) or FASN, or dual KOs ACLY/FASN, ACC1/FASN, and ACC2/FASN. Preventing elevation of acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA by depletion of adipocyte ACLY or ACC1 in combination with FASN KO does not block the browning of iWAT. Conversely, elevating malonyl-CoA levels in MCD KO mice does not induce browning. Strikingly, adipose ACC1 KO induces a strong iWAT thermogenic response similar to FASN KO while also blocking malonyl-CoA and palmitate synthesis. Thus, ACC1 and FASN are strong suppressors of adipocyte thermogenesis through promoting lipid synthesis rather than modulating the DNL intermediates acetyl-CoA or malonyl-CoA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Guilherme
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
| | - Leslie A Rowland
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Nicole Wetoska
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Emmanouela Tsagkaraki
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Kaltinaitis B Santos
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Alexander H Bedard
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Felipe Henriques
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Mark Kelly
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Sean Munroe
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - David J Pedersen
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Olga R Ilkayeva
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Timothy R Koves
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Lauren Tauer
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Meixia Pan
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Xianlin Han
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Jason K Kim
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Christopher B Newgard
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27705, USA; Departments of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Deborah M Muoio
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27705, USA; Departments of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Michael P Czech
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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4
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Guilherme A, Rowland LA, Wang H, Czech MP. The adipocyte supersystem of insulin and cAMP signaling. Trends Cell Biol 2023; 33:340-354. [PMID: 35989245 PMCID: PMC10339226 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue signals to brain, liver, and muscles to control whole body metabolism through secreted lipid and protein factors as well as neurotransmission, but the mechanisms involved are incompletely understood. Adipocytes sequester triglyceride (TG) in fed conditions stimulated by insulin, while in fasting catecholamines trigger TG hydrolysis, releasing glycerol and fatty acids (FAs). These antagonistic hormone actions result in part from insulin's ability to inhibit cAMP levels generated through such G-protein-coupled receptors as catecholamine-activated β-adrenergic receptors. Consistent with these antagonistic signaling modes, acute actions of catecholamines cause insulin resistance. Yet, paradoxically, chronically activating adipocytes by catecholamines cause increased glucose tolerance, as does insulin. Recent results have helped to unravel this conundrum by revealing enhanced complexities of these hormones' signaling networks, including identification of unexpected common signaling nodes between these canonically antagonistic hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Guilherme
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
| | - Leslie A Rowland
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Michael P Czech
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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5
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Rowland LA, Guilherme A, Henriques F, DiMarzio C, Munroe S, Wetoska N, Kelly M, Reddig K, Hendricks G, Pan M, Han X, Ilkayeva OR, Newgard CB, Czech MP. De novo lipogenesis fuels adipocyte autophagosome and lysosome membrane dynamics. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1362. [PMID: 36914626 PMCID: PMC10011520 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37016-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes robustly synthesize fatty acids (FA) from carbohydrate through the de novo lipogenesis (DNL) pathway, yet surprisingly DNL contributes little to their abundant triglyceride stored in lipid droplets. This conundrum raises the hypothesis that adipocyte DNL instead enables membrane expansions to occur in processes like autophagy, which requires an abundant supply of phospholipids. We report here that adipocyte Fasn deficiency in vitro and in vivo markedly impairs autophagy, evident by autophagosome accumulation and severely compromised degradation of the autophagic substrate p62. Our data indicate the impairment occurs at the level of autophagosome-lysosome fusion, and indeed, loss of Fasn decreases certain membrane phosphoinositides necessary for autophagosome and lysosome maturation and fusion. Autophagy dependence on FA produced by Fasn is not fully alleviated by exogenous FA in cultured adipocytes, and interestingly, imaging studies reveal that Fasn colocalizes with nascent autophagosomes. Together, our studies identify DNL as a critical source of FAs to fuel autophagosome and lysosome maturation and fusion in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie A Rowland
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
| | - Adilson Guilherme
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Felipe Henriques
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Chloe DiMarzio
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Sean Munroe
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Nicole Wetoska
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Mark Kelly
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Keith Reddig
- Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Gregory Hendricks
- Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Meixia Pan
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Xianlin Han
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Olga R Ilkayeva
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Christopher B Newgard
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Michael P Czech
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
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6
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Stubbs T, Koemeter-Cox A, Bingman JI, Zhao F, Kalyanasundaram A, Rowland LA, Periasamy M, Carter CS, Sheffield VC, Askwith CC, Mykytyn K. Disruption of Dopamine Receptor 1 Localization to Primary Cilia Impairs Signaling in Striatal Neurons. J Neurosci 2022; 42:6692-6705. [PMID: 35882560 PMCID: PMC9436016 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0497-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A rod-shaped appendage called a primary cilium projects from the soma of most central neurons in the mammalian brain. The importance of cilia within the nervous system is highlighted by the fact that human syndromes linked to primary cilia dysfunction, collectively termed ciliopathies, are associated with numerous neuropathologies, including hyperphagia-induced obesity, neuropsychiatric disorders, and learning and memory deficits. Neuronal cilia are enriched with signaling molecules, including specific G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and their downstream effectors, suggesting that they act as sensory organelles that respond to neuromodulators in the extracellular space. We previously showed that GPCR ciliary localization is disrupted in neurons from mouse models of the ciliopathy Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS). Based on this finding, we hypothesized that mislocalization of ciliary GPCRs may impact receptor signaling and contribute to the BBS phenotypes. Here, we show that disrupting localization of the ciliary GPCR dopamine receptor 1 (D1) in male and female mice, either by loss of a BBS protein or loss of the cilium itself, specifically in D1-expressing neurons, results in obesity. Interestingly, the weight gain is associated with reduced locomotor activity, rather than increased food intake. Moreover, the loss of a BBS protein or cilia on D1-expressing neurons leads to a reduction in D1-mediated signaling. Together, these results indicate that cilia impact D1 activity in the nervous system and underscore the importance of neuronal cilia for proper GPCR signaling.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Most mammalian neurons possess solitary appendages called primary cilia. These rod-shaped structures are enriched with signaling proteins, such as G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), suggesting that they respond to neuromodulators. This study examines the consequences of disrupting ciliary localization of the GPCR dopamine receptor 1 (D1) in D1-expressing neurons. Remarkably, mice that have either an abnormal accumulation of D1 in cilia or a loss of D1 ciliary localization become obese. In both cases, the obesity is associated with lower locomotor activity rather than overeating. As D1 activation increases locomotor activity, these results are consistent with a reduction in D1 signaling. Indeed, we found that D1-mediated signaling is reduced in brain slices from both mouse models. Thus, cilia impact D1 signaling in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toneisha Stubbs
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Andrew Koemeter-Cox
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - James I Bingman
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Fangli Zhao
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Anuradha Kalyanasundaram
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Leslie A Rowland
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Muthu Periasamy
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Calvin S Carter
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Val C Sheffield
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Candice C Askwith
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Kirk Mykytyn
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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7
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Nigro P, Middelbeek RJW, Alves CRR, Rovira-Llopis S, Ramachandran K, Rowland LA, Møller AB, Takahashi H, Alves-Wagner AB, Vamvini M, Makarewicz NS, Albertson BG, Hirshman MF, Goodyear LJ. Exercise Training Promotes Sex-Specific Adaptations in Mouse Inguinal White Adipose Tissue. Diabetes 2021; 70:1250-1264. [PMID: 33563587 PMCID: PMC8275891 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrate that adaptations to white adipose tissue (WAT) are important components of the beneficial effects of exercise training on metabolic health. Exercise training favorably alters the phenotype of subcutaneous inguinal WAT (iWAT) in male mice, including decreasing fat mass, improving mitochondrial function, inducing beiging, and stimulating the secretion of adipokines. In this study, we find that despite performing more voluntary wheel running compared with males, these adaptations do not occur in the iWAT of female mice. Consistent with sex-specific adaptations, we report that mRNA expression of androgen receptor coactivators is upregulated in iWAT from trained male mice and that testosterone treatment of primary adipocytes derived from the iWAT of male, but not female mice, phenocopies exercise-induced metabolic adaptations. Sex specificity also occurs in the secretome profile, as we identify cysteine-rich secretory protein 1 (Crisp1) as a novel adipokine that is only secreted from male iWAT in response to exercise. Crisp1 expression is upregulated by testosterone and functions to increase glucose and fatty acid uptake. Our finding that adaptations to iWAT with exercise training are dramatically greater in male mice has potential clinical implications for understanding the different metabolic response to exercise training in males and females and demonstrates the importance of investigating both sexes in studies of adipose tissue biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Nigro
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Roeland J W Middelbeek
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Christiano R R Alves
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Susana Rovira-Llopis
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Krithika Ramachandran
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Leslie A Rowland
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Andreas B Møller
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Hirokazu Takahashi
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ana B Alves-Wagner
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Maria Vamvini
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Nathan S Makarewicz
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Brent G Albertson
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Michael F Hirshman
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Laurie J Goodyear
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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8
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Henriques F, Bedard AH, Guilherme A, Kelly M, Chi J, Zhang P, Lifshitz LM, Bellvé K, Rowland LA, Yenilmez B, Kumar S, Wang Y, Luban J, Weinstein LS, Lin JD, Cohen P, Czech MP. Single-Cell RNA Profiling Reveals Adipocyte to Macrophage Signaling Sufficient to Enhance Thermogenesis. Cell Rep 2021; 32:107998. [PMID: 32755590 PMCID: PMC7433376 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes deficient in fatty acid synthase (iAdFASNKO) emit signals that mimic cold exposure to enhance the appearance of thermogenic beige adipocytes in mouse inguinal white adipose tissues (iWATs). Both cold exposure and iAdFASNKO upregulate the sympathetic nerve fiber (SNF) modulator Neuregulin 4 (Nrg4), activate SNFs, and require adipocyte cyclic AMP/protein kinase A (cAMP/PKA) signaling for beige adipocyte appearance, as it is blocked by adipocyte Gsα deficiency. Surprisingly, however, in contrast to cold-exposed mice, neither iWAT denervation nor Nrg4 loss attenuated adipocyte browning in iAdFASNKO mice. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of iWAT stromal cells revealed increased macrophages displaying gene expression signatures of the alternately activated type in iAdFASNKO mice, and their depletion abrogated iWAT beiging. Altogether, these findings reveal that divergent cellular pathways are sufficient to cause adipocyte browning. Importantly, adipocyte signaling to enhance alternatively activated macrophages in iAdFASNKO mice is associated with enhanced adipose thermogenesis independent of the sympathetic neuron involvement this process requires in the cold. Henriques et al. show an alternative pathway to enhance thermogenesis through an adipocyte cAMP/PKA axis in denervated iWAT. Signals emanating from this pathway generate M2-type macrophages associated with iWAT browning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Henriques
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Alexander H Bedard
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Adilson Guilherme
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Mark Kelly
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jingyi Chi
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peng Zhang
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lawrence M Lifshitz
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Karl Bellvé
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Leslie A Rowland
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Batuhan Yenilmez
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Shreya Kumar
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Yetao Wang
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jeremy Luban
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Lee S Weinstein
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jiandie D Lin
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Paul Cohen
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael P Czech
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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9
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Stanford KI, Rasmussen M, Baer LA, Lehnig AC, Rowland LA, White JD, So K, De Sousa-Coelho AL, Hirshman MF, Patti ME, Rando OJ, Goodyear LJ. Paternal Exercise Improves Glucose Metabolism in Adult Offspring. Diabetes 2018; 67:2530-2540. [PMID: 30344184 PMCID: PMC6245224 DOI: 10.2337/db18-0667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Poor paternal diet has emerged as a risk factor for metabolic disease in offspring, and alterations in sperm may be a major mechanism mediating these detrimental effects of diet. Although exercise in the general population is known to improve health, the effects of paternal exercise on sperm and offspring metabolic health are largely unknown. Here, we studied 7-week-old C57BL/6 male mice fed a chow or high-fat diet and housed either in static cages (sedentary) or cages with attached running wheels (exercise trained). After 3 weeks, one cohort of males was sacrificed and cauda sperm obtained, while the other cohort was bred with chow-fed sedentary C57BL/6 females. Offspring were chow fed, sedentary, and studied during the first year of life. We found that high-fat feeding of sires impairs glucose tolerance and increases the percentage of fat mass in both male and female offspring at 52 weeks of age. Strikingly, paternal exercise suppresses the effects of paternal high-fat diet on offspring, reversing the observed impairment in glucose tolerance, percentage of fat mass, and glucose uptake in skeletal muscles of the offspring. These changes in offspring phenotype are accompanied by changes in sperm physiology, as, for example, high-fat feeding results in decreased sperm motility, an effect normalized in males subject to exercise training. Deep sequencing of sperm reveals pronounced effects of exercise training on multiple classes of small RNAs, as multiple changes to the sperm RNA payload observed in animals consuming a high-fat diet are suppressed by exercise training. Thus, voluntary exercise training of male mice results in pronounced improvements in the metabolic health of adult male and female offspring. We provide the first in-depth analysis of small RNAs in sperm from exercise-trained males, revealing a marked change in the levels of multiple small RNAs with the potential to alter phenotypes in the next generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin I Stanford
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Morten Rasmussen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Lisa A Baer
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Adam C Lehnig
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Leslie A Rowland
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Joseph D White
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Kawai So
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
| | | | - Michael F Hirshman
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
| | - Mary-Elizabeth Patti
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Oliver J Rando
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Laurie J Goodyear
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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10
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Bal NC, Singh S, Reis FCG, Maurya SK, Pani S, Rowland LA, Periasamy M. Both brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle thermogenesis processes are activated during mild to severe cold adaptation in mice. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:16616-16625. [PMID: 28794154 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.790451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermogenesis is an important homeostatic mechanism essential for survival and normal physiological functions in mammals. Both brown adipose tissue (BAT) (i.e. uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-based) and skeletal muscle (i.e. sarcolipin (SLN)-based) thermogenesis processes play important roles in temperature homeostasis, but their relative contributions differ from small to large mammals. In this study, we investigated the functional interplay between skeletal muscle- and BAT-based thermogenesis under mild versus severe cold adaptation by employing UCP1-/- and SLN-/- mice. Interestingly, adaptation of SLN-/- mice to mild cold conditions (16 °C) significantly increased UCP1 expression, suggesting increased reliance on BAT-based thermogenesis. This was also evident from structural alterations in BAT morphology, including mitochondrial architecture, increased expression of electron transport chain proteins, and depletion of fat droplets. Similarly, UCP1-/- mice adapted to mild cold up-regulated muscle-based thermogenesis, indicated by increases in muscle succinate dehydrogenase activity, SLN expression, mitochondrial content, and neovascularization, compared with WT mice. These results further confirm that SLN-based thermogenesis is a key player in muscle non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) and can compensate for loss of BAT activity. We also present evidence that the increased reliance on BAT-based NST depends on increased autonomic input, as indicated by abundant levels of tyrosine hydroxylase and neuropeptide Y. Our findings demonstrate that both BAT and muscle-based NST are equally recruited during mild and severe cold adaptation and that loss of heat production from one thermogenic pathway leads to increased recruitment of the other, indicating a functional interplay between these two thermogenic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh C Bal
- From the School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India, .,the Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, and.,the Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, Florida 32827
| | - Sushant Singh
- the Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, and.,the Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, Florida 32827
| | - Felipe C G Reis
- the Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, Florida 32827
| | - Santosh K Maurya
- the Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, and.,the Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, Florida 32827
| | - Sunil Pani
- From the School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Leslie A Rowland
- the Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, and
| | - Muthu Periasamy
- the Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, and .,the Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, Florida 32827
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11
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Rowland LA, Maurya SK, Bal NC, Kozak L, Periasamy M. Sarcolipin and uncoupling protein 1 play distinct roles in diet-induced thermogenesis and do not compensate for one another. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2016; 24:1430-3. [PMID: 27238087 PMCID: PMC4925282 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is well known that uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in brown adipose tissue plays an important role in diet-induced thermogenesis. In this study, whether sarcolipin (SLN), a regulator of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) -ATPase pump in muscle, is also an important player of diet-induced thermogenesis was investigated, as well as whether loss of SLN could be compensated by increased UCP1 expression and vice versa. METHODS Age- and sex-matched UCP1(-/-) , SLN(-/-) , and double knockout for both UCP1 and SLN mice maintained in C57Bl/6J background were challenged to high-fat diet for 12 weeks and then analyzed for weight gain, alterations in serum metabolites, and changes in thermogenic protein expression. RESULTS Loss of either SLN or UCP1 alone was sufficient to cause diet-induced obesity. No compensatory upregulation of UCP1 in SLN(-/-) mice or vice versa was found. Paradoxically, loss of both mechanisms failed to exacerbate the obesity phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Data suggest that both SLN- and UCP1-based adaptive thermogenic mechanisms were essential for achieving maximal diet-induced thermogenesis. When both mechanisms were absent, less efficient thermogenic mechanisms were activated to counter energy imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie A Rowland
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Santosh K Maurya
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Lake Nona, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Naresh C Bal
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Lake Nona, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Leslie Kozak
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Muthu Periasamy
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Lake Nona, Orlando, Florida, USA
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12
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Rowland LA, Bal NC, Kozak LP, Periasamy M. Uncoupling Protein 1 and Sarcolipin Are Required to Maintain Optimal Thermogenesis, and Loss of Both Systems Compromises Survival of Mice under Cold Stress. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:12282-9. [PMID: 25825499 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.637603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of brown adipose tissue as a site of nonshivering thermogenesis has been well documented. Emerging studies suggest that skeletal muscle is also an important site of thermogenesis especially when brown adipose tissue function is lacking. We recently showed that sarcolipin (SLN), an uncoupler of the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase (SERCA) pump, could contribute to heat production in skeletal muscle. In this study, we sought to understand how loss of UCP1 or SLN is compensated during cold exposure and whether they are both necessary for thermogenesis. Toward this goal, we generated a UCP1;SLN double knock-out (DKO) mouse model and challenged the single and DKO mice to acute and long-term cold exposures. Results from this study show that there is up-regulation of SLN expression in UCP1-KO mice, and loss of SLN is compensated by increased expression of UCP1 and browning of white adipose tissue. We found that the DKO mice were viable when reared at thermoneutrality. When challenged to acute cold, the DKO were extremely cold-sensitive and became hypothermic. Paradoxically, the DKO mice were able to survive gradual cold challenge, but these mice lost significant weight and depleted their fat stores, despite having higher caloric intake. These studies suggest that UCP1 and SLN are required to maintain optimal thermogenesis and that loss of both systems compromises survival of mice under cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie A Rowland
- From the Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 and
| | - Naresh C Bal
- From the Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 and
| | - Leslie P Kozak
- the Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Muthu Periasamy
- From the Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 and
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13
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Maurya SK, Bal NC, Sopariwala DH, Pant M, Rowland LA, Shaikh SA, Periasamy M. Sarcolipin Is a Key Determinant of the Basal Metabolic Rate, and Its Overexpression Enhances Energy Expenditure and Resistance against Diet-induced Obesity. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:10840-9. [PMID: 25713078 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.636878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcolipin (SLN) is a novel regulator of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase (SERCA) in muscle. SLN binding to SERCA uncouples Ca(2+) transport from ATP hydrolysis. By this mechanism, SLN promotes the futile cycling of SERCA, contributing to muscle heat production. We recently showed that SLN plays an important role in cold- and diet-induced thermogenesis. However, the detailed mechanism of how SLN regulates muscle metabolism remains unclear. In this study, we used both SLN knockout (Sln(-/-)) and skeletal muscle-specific SLN overexpression (Sln(OE)) mice to explore energy metabolism by pair feeding (fixed calories) and high-fat diet feeding (ad libitum). Our results show that, upon pair feeding, Sln(OE) mice lost weight compared with the WT, but Sln(-/-) mice gained weight. Interestingly, when fed with a high-fat diet, Sln(OE) mice consumed more calories but gained less weight and maintained a normal metabolic profile in comparison with WT and Sln(-/-) mice. We found that oxygen consumption and fatty acid oxidation were increased markedly in Sln(OE) mice. There was also an increase in both mitochondrial number and size in Sln(OE) muscle, together with increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) and PPAR γ coactivator 1 α (PGC1α), key transcriptional activators of mitochondrial biogenesis and enzymes involved in oxidative metabolism. These results, taken together, establish an important role for SLN in muscle metabolism and energy expenditure. On the basis of these data we propose that SLN is a novel target for enhancing whole-body energy expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K Maurya
- the Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, Florida 32827
| | - Naresh C Bal
- From the Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 and
| | - Danesh H Sopariwala
- From the Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 and
| | - Meghna Pant
- From the Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 and
| | - Leslie A Rowland
- From the Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 and
| | - Sana A Shaikh
- From the Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 and
| | - Muthu Periasamy
- the Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, Florida 32827
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14
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Rowland LA, Bal NC, Periasamy M. The role of skeletal-muscle-based thermogenic mechanisms in vertebrate endothermy. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2014; 90:1279-97. [PMID: 25424279 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Thermogenesis is one of the most important homeostatic mechanisms that evolved during vertebrate evolution. Despite its importance for the survival of the organism, the mechanistic details behind various thermogenic processes remain incompletely understood. Although heat production from muscle has long been recognized as a thermogenic mechanism, whether muscle can produce heat independently of contraction remains controversial. Studies in birds and mammals suggest that skeletal muscle can be an important site of non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) and can be recruited during cold adaptation, although unequivocal evidence is lacking. Much research on thermogenesis during the last two decades has been focused on brown adipose tissue (BAT). These studies clearly implicate BAT as an important site of NST in mammals, in particular in newborns and rodents. However, BAT is either absent, as in birds and pigs, or is only a minor component, as in adult large mammals including humans, bringing into question the BAT-centric view of thermogenesis. This review focuses on the evolution and emergence of various thermogenic mechanisms in vertebrates from fish to man. A careful analysis of the existing data reveals that muscle was the earliest facultative thermogenic organ to emerge in vertebrates, long before the appearance of BAT in eutherian mammals. Additionally, these studies suggest that muscle-based thermogenesis is the dominant mechanism of heat production in many species including birds, marsupials, and certain mammals where BAT-mediated thermogenesis is absent or limited. We discuss the relevance of our recent findings showing that uncoupling of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA) by sarcolipin (SLN), resulting in futile cycling and increased heat production, could be the basis for NST in skeletal muscle. The overall goal of this review is to highlight the role of skeletal muscle as a thermogenic organ and provide a balanced view of thermogenesis in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie A Rowland
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A
| | - Naresh C Bal
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A
| | - Muthu Periasamy
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A
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15
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Bal NC, Maurya SK, Sopariwala DH, Sahoo SK, Shaikh SA, Pant M, Rowland LA, Periasamy M. Sarcolipin is a novel regulator of muscle based thermogenesis and metabolism in mammals. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.736.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sana A Shaikh
- Physiology and Cell BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH
| | - Meghna Pant
- Physiology and Cell BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH
| | | | - Muthu Periasamy
- Physiology and Cell BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH
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Abstract
Mental health services are organized and financed in very different ways across Europe; nevertheless there are a number of common trends and issues. In this paper we deal with some of those issues which influence the quality of services to those with long-term and severe mental health problems and disabilities. The most obvious trend has been the rundown of psychiatric beds particularly in the large mental hospitals and this in its turn has given rise to the problem of providing alternative services. Throughout Europe people are striving, with mixed success, to establish new services that are community orientated, provide reasonable levels of clinical care with some continuity and coordination, and ensure that the individuals served have appropriate accommodation and day-time activities. While there are some excellent services, there are even more services throughout Europe struggling to solve common problems. We have tried to draw some lessons from their efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Rowland
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Denmark Hill, London, UK
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17
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Perkins RE, Rowland LA. Sex differences in service usage in long-term psychiatric care are women adequately served? Br J Psychiatry Suppl 1991:75-9. [PMID: 1840750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
There is a paucity of research concerning service usage and needs of female long-term psychiatric patients. A series of studies comparing the provisions for chronically mentally ill men and women in a south London community-focused rehabilitation and continuing care service indicate marked differences in the services received by men and women, and raise questions concerning whether the needs of female patients are adequately served. As a group the women had been in contact with services for longer, had received less intensive input from services, and it appeared that the services had been less responsive to their changing needs. Among those in high contact with the services, the functioning of men and women did not differ, yet women were over-represented in workshops designed for those functioning at a lower level. Women over 45 years of age seemed to be particularly badly served by the organised activities offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Perkins
- Institute of Psychiatry, Maudsley Hospital, London
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18
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Conning AM, Rowland LA. Where do people with long-term mental health problems live? A comparison of the sexes. Br J Psychiatry Suppl 1991:80-4. [PMID: 1840751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The closure of large psychiatric institutions has led to alternative accommodation being developed for people with long-term psychiatric disabilities, with an emphasis on group living. Despite this, very little is known about where these people live, about the accommodation needs of this group, or whether men and women have differing needs. This paper examines the accommodation of all people with long-term and severe psychiatric disabilities in one South London borough who were in contact with a specialist service. It was found that the majority of people either live with their families--although the family member differed for men and women--or live alone. Men were more likely than women to live in hostels or alone, while women were more likely than men to live with their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Conning
- Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London
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19
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Abstract
An instrument to measure the relative importance that individuals attribute to needs is presented. This device employs a methodology especially designed for use with individuals who often have difficulties in concentrating when faced with the more traditional methods of assessment. The instrument was tested on both psychiatric patients and individuals with no psychiatric history. The results showed its satisfactory psychometric properties and its suitability for use with severely disabled psychiatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Waismann
- Institute of Psychiatry, London University, United Kingdom
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20
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Abstract
In the rehabilitation of chronically mentally ill patients, social impairments and multiple disabilities necessitate the use of comprehensive and complex services encompassing many areas of life. It is suggested that quality of life (QoL) can be used as an organizing framework for long-term care. Subjects in the present study included staff and patients from a rehabilitation unit that offers individualized long-term care, day services, inpatient and outreach facilities. Using subjective indices, staff and patient perceptions of QoL were compared across several life domains. Significant differences between the 2 groups were found in several areas, including leisure activities, law and safety, and health. The implications of these findings for long-term care are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Thapa
- Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, India
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