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Leng J, Zhao W, Guo J, Yu G, Zhu G, Ge J, He D, Xu Y, Chen X, Zhou Y, Liu B. E-prostanoid 3 receptor deficiency on myeloid cells protects against ischemic acute kidney injury via breaking the auto-amplification loop of necroinflammation. Kidney Int 2023; 103:100-114. [PMID: 36087809 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Necroinflammation plays an important role in disease settings such as acute kidney injury (AKI). We and others have elucidated that prostaglandins, which are critically involved in inflammation, may activate E-prostanoid 3 receptor (EP3) at low concentrations. However, how EP3 blockade interacts with regulated cell death and affects AKI remains unknown. In this study, AKI was induced by ischemia-reperfusion (30 minutes/24 hours) in Ep3 knockout (Ep3-/-), bone marrow chimeric, myeloid conditional EP3 knockout and corresponding control mice. The production of prostaglandins E2 and I2 was markedly increased after ischemia-reperfusion, and either abrogation or antagonism of EP3 ameliorated the injury. EP3 deficiency curbed inflammatory cytokine release, neutrophil infiltration and serum high-mobility group box 1 levels, but additional TLR4 inhibition with TAK-242 did not offer further protection against the injury and inflammation. The protection of Ep3-/- was predominantly mediated by suppressing Mixed Lineage Kinase domain-Like-dependent necroptosis, resulting from the inhibition of cytokine generation and the switching of cell death modality from necroptosis to apoptosis through caspase-8 up-regulation, in part due to the restraint of IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling. EP3 deficiency failed to further alleviate the injury when necroptosis was inhibited. Ep3-/- in bone marrow-derived cells, particularly that in myeloid cells, protected kidneys to the same extent as that of global EP3 deletion. Thus, our results demonstrate that EP3 deficiency especially that on myeloid cells, ameliorates ischemic AKI via curbing inflammation and breaking the auto-amplification loop of necroinflammation. Hence, EP3 may be a promising target for the prevention and/or treatment of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Leng
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jinwei Guo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Gang Yu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Guanghui Zhu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jiahui Ge
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Dong He
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yineng Xu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xijian Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yingbi Zhou
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
| | - Bin Liu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
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2
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Khan H, Sharma K, Kumar A, Kaur A, Singh TG. Therapeutic implications of cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors in ischemic injury. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:277-292. [PMID: 35175358 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01546-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is the inexplicable aggravation of cellular dysfunction that results in blood flow restoration to previously ischemic tissues. COX mediates the oxidative conversion of AA to various prostaglandins and thromboxanes, which are involved in various physiological and pathological processes. In the pathophysiology of I/R injuries, COX has been found to play an important role. I/R injuries affect most vital organs and are characterized by inflammation, oxidative stress, cell death, and apoptosis, leading to morbidity and mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic literature review of Bentham, Scopus, PubMed, Medline, and EMBASE (Elsevier) databases was carried out to understand the Nature and mechanistic interventions of the Cyclooxygenase modulations in ischemic injury. Here, we have discussed the COX Physiology and downstream signalling pathways modulated by COX, e.g., Camp Pathway, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Activity, NF-kB Signalling, PI3K/Akt Signalling in ischemic injury. CONCLUSION This review will discuss the various COX types, specifically COX-1 and COX-2, which are involved in developing I/R injury in organs such as the brain, spinal cord, heart, kidney, liver, and intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena Khan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Kunal Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Amarjot Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Thakur Gurjeet Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India.
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Regulation of organic anion transporters: Role in physiology, pathophysiology, and drug elimination. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 217:107647. [PMID: 32758646 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The members of the organic anion transporter (OAT) family are mainly expressed in kidney, liver, placenta, intestine, and brain. These transporters play important roles in the disposition of clinical drugs, pesticides, signaling molecules, heavy metal conjugates, components of phytomedicines, and toxins, and therefore critical for maintaining systemic homeostasis. Alterations in the expression and function of OATs contribute to the intra- and inter-individual variability of the therapeutic efficacy and the toxicity of many drugs, and to many pathophysiological conditions. Consequently, the activity of these transporters must be highly regulated to carry out their normal functions. This review will present an update on the recent advance in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of renal OATs, emphasizing on the post-translational modification (PTM), the crosstalk among these PTMs, and the remote sensing and signaling network of OATs. Such knowledge will provide significant insights into the roles of these transporters in health and disease.
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Jiang X, Liu X, Liu X, Wu X, Jose PA, Liu M, Yang Z. Low-Dose Aspirin Treatment Attenuates Male Rat Salt-Sensitive Hypertension via Platelet Cyclooxygenase 1 and Complement Cascade Pathway. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e013470. [PMID: 31852420 PMCID: PMC6988172 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.013470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background The role of platelets in the development of vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of hypertension is well established at this time. Aspirin is known to relieve pain, decrease fever, reduce inflammation, impair platelet aggregation, and prevent clotting, yet its effect in the context of salt-sensitive hypertension remains unclear. The present study investigated the importance of aspirin in inhibiting the abnormal activation of platelets and promoting the normal function of the vascular endothelium in a rat model of salt-sensitive hypertension. Method and Results Dahl salt-sensitive rats and salt-resistant rats were fed a normal-salt diet (4% NaCl), a high-salt diet (8% NaCl), or a high-salt diet with aspirin gavage (10 mg/kg per day) for 8 weeks. Blood pressure, platelet activation, vascular function, inflammatory response, and potential mechanism were measured. Low-dose aspirin (10 mg/kg per day) decreased the high-salt diet-induced elevation of blood pressure, platelet activation, leukocyte infiltration, and leukocyte-platelet aggregation (CD45+CD61+), as well as vascular endothelial and renal damage. These effects were related to the ability of aspirin to prevent the adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells via inhibition of the platelet cyclooxygenase 1 but not the cyclooxygenase 2 pathway. Aspirin also reversed the high-salt diet-induced abnormal activation of complement and coagulation cascades in platelets. Conclusions These results highlight a new property of aspirin in ameliorating vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by platelet activation, which may be beneficial in the treatment of salt-sensitive hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine (The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences CAMS&PUMC)BeijingChina
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Xue Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine (The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences CAMS&PUMC)BeijingChina
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Xing Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine (The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences CAMS&PUMC)BeijingChina
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Xianxian Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine (The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences CAMS&PUMC)BeijingChina
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Pedro A. Jose
- Division of Kidney Diseases & HypertensionDepartment of MedicineThe George Washington University School of Medicine & Health SciencesWashingtonDC
- Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyThe George Washington University School of Medicine & Health SciencesWashingtonDC
| | - Min Liu
- Department of HypertensionHenan Provincial People's HospitalPeople's Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zhiwei Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine (The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences CAMS&PUMC)BeijingChina
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical DiseasesBeijingChina
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5
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Wollborn J, Schlueter B, Steiger C, Hermann C, Wunder C, Schmidt J, Diel P, Meinel L, Buerkle H, Goebel U, Schick MA. Extracorporeal resuscitation with carbon monoxide improves renal function by targeting inflammatory pathways in cardiac arrest in pigs. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F1572-F1581. [PMID: 31482730 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00241.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Deleterious consequences like acute kidney injury frequently occur upon successful resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Extracorporeal life support is increasingly used to overcome high cardiac arrest mortality. Carbon monoxide (CO) is an endogenous gasotransmitter, capable of reducing renal injury. In our study, we hypothesized that addition of CO to extracorporeal resuscitation hampers severity of renal injury in a porcine model of cardiac arrest. Hypoxic cardiac arrest was induced in pigs. Animals were resuscitated using a conventional [cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)], an extracorporeal (E-CPR), or a CO-assisted extracorporeal (CO-E-CPR) protocol. CO was applied using a membrane-controlled releasing system. Markers of renal injury were measured, and histopathological analyses were carried out. We investigated renal pathways involving inflammation as well as apoptotic cell death. No differences in serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were detected after CO treatment compared with Sham animals (Sham 71 ± 7 and CO-E-CPR 95 ± 6 ng/mL), while NGAL was increased in CPR and E-CPR groups (CPR 135 ± 11 and E-CPR 124 ± 5 ng/mL; P < 0.05). Evidence for histopathological damage was abrogated after CO application. CO increased renal heat shock protein 70 expression and reduced inducible cyclooxygenase 2 (CPR: 60 ± 8; E-CPR 56 ± 8; CO-E-CPR 31 ± 3 µg/mL; P < 0.05). Caspase 3 activity was decreased (CPR 1,469 ± 276; E-CPR 1,670 ± 225; CO-E-CPR 755 ± 83 pg/mL; P < 0.05). Furthermore, we found a reduction in renal inflammatory signaling upon CO treatment. Our data demonstrate improved renal function by extracorporeal CO treatment in a porcine model of cardiac arrest. CO reduced proinflammatory and proapoptotic signaling, characterizing beneficial aspects of a novel treatment option to overcome high mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Wollborn
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bjoern Schlueter
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Steiger
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Cornelius Hermann
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Wunder
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Schmidt
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Patric Diel
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart Center, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lorenz Meinel
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Buerkle
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Goebel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin A Schick
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI), a major public health problem associated with high mortality and increased risk of progression towards end-stage renal disease, is characterized by the activation of intra-renal haemostatic and inflammatory processes. Platelets, which are present in high numbers in the circulation and can rapidly release a broad spectrum of bioactive mediators, are important acute modulators of inflammation and haemostasis, as they are the first cells to arrive at sites of acute injury, where they interact with endothelial cells and leukocytes. Diminished control of platelet reactivity by endothelial cells and/or an increased release of platelet-activating mediators can lead to uncontrolled platelet activation in AKI. As increased platelet sequestration and increased expression levels of the markers P-selectin, thromboxane A2, CC-chemokine ligand 5 and platelet factor 4 on platelets have been reported in kidneys following AKI, platelet activation likely plays a part in AKI pathology. Results from animal models and some clinical studies highlight the potential of antiplatelet therapies in the preservation of renal function in the context of AKI, but as current strategies also affect other cell types and non-platelet-derived mediators, additional studies are required to further elucidate the extent of platelet contribution to the pathology of AKI and to determine the best therapeutic approach by which to specifically target related pathogenic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel P B Jansen
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sandrine Florquin
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joris J T H Roelofs
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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7
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Barin-Le Guellec C, Largeau B, Bon D, Marquet P, Hauet T. Ischemia/reperfusion-associated tubular cells injury in renal transplantation: Can metabolomics inform about mechanisms and help identify new therapeutic targets? Pharmacol Res 2018; 129:34-43. [PMID: 29309901 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tubular cells are central targets of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in kidney transplantation. Inflammation and metabolic disturbances occurring within these cells are deleterious by themselves but also favor secondary events, such as activation of immune response. It is critical to have an in depth understanding of the mechanisms governing tubular cells response to I/R if one wants to define pertinent biomarkers or to elaborate targeted therapeutic interventions. As oxidative damage was shown to be central in the patho-physiological mechanisms, the impact of I/R on proximal tubular cells metabolism has been widely studied, contrary to its effects on expression and activity of membrane transporters of the proximal tubular cells. Yet, temporal modulation of transporters over ischemia and reperfusion periods appears to play a central role, not only in the induction of cells injury but also in graft function recovery. Metabolomics in cell models or diverse biofluids has the potential to provide large pictures of biochemical consequences of I/R. Metabolomic studies conducted in experimental models of I/R or in transplanted patients indeed retrieved metabolites belonging to the pathways known to be particularly affected. Interestingly, they also revealed that metabolic disturbances and transporters activities are in very close mutual interplay. As well as helping to select diagnostic biomarkers, such analyses could also contribute to identify new pharmacological targets and to set up innovative nephroprotective strategies for the future. Even if various therapeutic approaches have been evaluated for a long time to prevent or treat I/R injuries, metabolomics has helped identifying new ones, those related to membrane transporters seeming to be of particular interest. However, considering the very complex and multifactorial effects of I/R in the context of kidney transplantation, all tracks must be followed if one wants to prevent or limit its deleterious consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Barin-Le Guellec
- INSERM UMR 1248, IPPRITT, Limoges, France; CHU Tours, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tours, France; FHU SUPORT, Limoges, Poitiers, Tours, France.
| | - Bérenger Largeau
- CHU Tours, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tours, France
| | - Delphine Bon
- FHU SUPORT, Limoges, Poitiers, Tours, France; University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France; INSERM UMR 1082, IRTOMIT, Poitiers, France; CHU Poitiers, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Poitiers, France
| | - Pierre Marquet
- INSERM UMR 1248, IPPRITT, Limoges, France; FHU SUPORT, Limoges, Poitiers, Tours, France; University of Limoges, Faculty of Medicine, Limoges, France; CHU Limoges, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Pharmacovigilance, Limoges, France
| | - Thierry Hauet
- FHU SUPORT, Limoges, Poitiers, Tours, France; University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France; INSERM UMR 1082, IRTOMIT, Poitiers, France; CHU Poitiers, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Poitiers, France
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8
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Huo X, Liu K. Renal organic anion transporters in drug-drug interactions and diseases. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 112:8-19. [PMID: 29109021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The kidney plays a vital role in maintaining systemic homeostasis. Active tubular secretion and reabsorption, which are mainly mediated by transporters, is an efficient mechanism for retaining glucose, amino acids, and other nutrients and for the clearance of endogenous waste products and xenobiotics. These substances are recognized by uptake transporters located in the basolateral and apical membranes of renal proximal tubule cells and are extracted from plasma and urine. Organic anion transporters (OATs) belong to the solute carrier (SLC) 22 superfamily and facilitate organic anions across the plasma membranes of renal proximal tubule cells. OATs are responsible for the transmembrane transport of anionic and zwitterionic organic molecules, including endogenous substances and many drugs. The alteration in OAT expression and function caused by diseases, drug-drug interactions (DDIs) or other issues can thus change the renal disposition of substrates, induce the accumulation of toxic metabolites, and lead to unexpected clinically outcome. This review summarizes the recent information regarding the expression, regulation, and substrate spectrum of OATs and discusses the roles of OATs in diseases and DDIs. These findings will enables us to have a better understanding of the related disease therapy and the potential risk of DDIs mediated by OATs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokui Huo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Transport of Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Transport of Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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9
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Saraswathi V, Perriotte-Olson C, Ganesan M, Desouza CV, Alnouti Y, Duryee MJ, Thiele GM, Nordgren TM, Clemens DL. A combination of dietary N-3 fatty acids and a cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor attenuates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 42:149-159. [PMID: 28187366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We sought to determine whether a combination of purified n-3 fatty acids (n-3) and SC-560 (SC), a cyclooxygenase-1-specific inhibitor, is effective in ameliorating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in obesity. Female wild-type mice were fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet (HF) supplemented with n-3 in the presence or absence of SC. Mice treated with SC alone exhibited no change in liver lipids, whereas n-3-fed mice tended to have lower hepatic lipids. Mice given n-3+SC had significantly lower liver lipids compared with HF controls indicating enhanced lipid clearance. Total and sulfated bile acids were significantly higher only in n-3+SC-treated mice compared with chow diet (CD) controls. Regarding mechanisms, the level of pregnane X receptor (PXR), a nuclear receptor regulating drug/bile detoxification, was significantly higher in mice given n-3 or n-3+SC. Studies in precision-cut liver slices and in cultured hepatoma cells showed that n-3+SC enhanced not only the expression/activation of PXR and its target genes but also the expression of farnesoid X receptor (FXR), another regulator of bile synthesis/clearance, indicating that n-3+SC can induce both PXR and FXR. The mRNA level of FGFR4 which inhibits bile formation showed a significant reduction in Huh 7 cells upon n-3 and n-3+SC treatment. PXR overexpression in hepatoma cells confirmed that n-3 or SC each induced the expression of PXR target genes and in combination had an enhanced effect. Our findings suggest that combining SC with n-3 potentiates its lipid-lowering effect, in part, by enhanced PXR and/or altered FXR/FGFR4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswanathan Saraswathi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Curtis Perriotte-Olson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Murali Ganesan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Cyrus V Desouza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Yazen Alnouti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Michael J Duryee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Geoffrey M Thiele
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Tara M Nordgren
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Dahn L Clemens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
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10
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Long C, Yang J, Yang H, Li X, Wang G. Attenuation of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury by oleanolic acid preconditioning via its antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory, and anti‑apoptotic activities. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:4697-704. [PMID: 27082705 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)‑associated acute kidney injury is a major clinical problem in both native and transplanted kidneys. Renal I/R, and subsequent renal injury, may be attributed to oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Oleanolic acid (OA) is a natural product, which possesses antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory, and anti‑apoptotic activities. The present study aimed to examine the effects of OA preconditioning on renal I/R and the possible underlying mechanisms. In a renal I/R model, rats were administered OA (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg) for 15 consecutive days prior to bilateral renal I/R induction. Serum samples and kidneys were then collected and stored for subsequent determination. The results of the present study demonstrated that OA significantly and dose‑dependently attenuated I/R‑induced renal damage. OA prevented renal I/R injury, as evidenced by decreased levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, kidney injury molecule‑1 and lactate dehydrogenase. In addition, OA defended against oxidative stress, as reflected by decreased levels of methane dicarboxylic aldehyde, increased activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, and increased glutathione (GSH) levels. Levels of proinflammatory cytokines, interferon‑γ, interleukin (IL)‑6) and myeloperoxidase, were also reduced by OA, whereas the anti‑inflammatory cytokine IL‑10 was increased. Furthermore, OA prevented I/R‑induced apoptotic cell death, and prevented decreases in the mRNA expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 (Nrf2) and γ‑glutamylcysteine ligase (GCLc). Conversely, buthionine sulphoximine attenuated the protective effects of OA on renal I/R injury. These results indicated that OA preconditioning may prevent I/R‑induced renal damage via antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory, and anti‑apoptotic activities. Stabilization of Nrf2/GCLc signaling and subsequent maintenance of the GSH pool is critical for the protective effects of OA against renal I/R injury. The present study reported a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of renal I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengmei Long
- Graduate Faculty, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jinran Yang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xinchang Li
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Gongxian Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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11
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Wang ZS, Liu XH, Wang M, Jiang GJ, Qiu T, Chen ZY, Wang L. Metformin attenuated the inflammation after renal ischemia/reperfusion and suppressed apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cell in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2015; 30:617-23. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020150090000006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Mederle K, Meurer M, Castrop H, Höcherl K. Inhibition of COX-1 attenuates the formation of thromboxane A2 and ameliorates the acute decrease in glomerular filtration rate in endotoxemic mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2015; 309:F332-40. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00567.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Thromboxane (Tx) A2 has been suggested to be involved in the development of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Therefore, we investigated the impact of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 activity on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced renal TxA2 formation, and on endotoxemia-induced AKI in mice. Injection of LPS (3 mg/kg ip) decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the amount of thrombocytes to ∼50% of basal values after 4 h. Plasma and renocortical tissue levels of TxB2 were increased ∼10- and 1.7-fold in response to LPS, respectively. The COX-1 inhibitor SC-560 attenuated the LPS-induced fall in GFR and in platelet count to ∼75% of basal levels. Furthermore, SC-560 abolished the increase in plasma and renocortical tissue levels of TxB2 in response to LPS. The COX-2 inhibitor SC-236 further enhanced the LPS-induced decrease in GFR to ∼40% of basal values. SC-236 did not alter thrombocyte levels nor the LPS-induced increase in plasma and renocortical tissue levels of TxB2. Pretreatment with clopidogrel inhibited the LPS-induced drop in thrombocyte count, but did not attenuate the LPS-induced decrease in GFR and the increase in plasma TxB2 levels. This study demonstrates that endotoxemia-induced TxA2 formation depends on the activity of COX-1. Our study further indicates that the COX-1 inhibitor SC-560 has a protective effect on the decrease in renal function in response to endotoxin. Therefore, our data support a role for TxA2 in the development of AKI in response to LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Mederle
- Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; and
| | - Manuel Meurer
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hayo Castrop
- Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; and
| | - Klaus Höcherl
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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Schneider R, Meusel M, Betz B, Held C, Möller-Ehrlich K, Büttner-Herold M, Wanner C, Gekle M, Sauvant C. Oat1/3 restoration protects against renal damage after ischemic AKI. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2015; 308:F198-208. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00160.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression of proximal tubular organic anion transporters Oat1 and Oat3 is reduced by PGE2 after renal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. We hypothesized that impaired expression of Oat1/3 is decisively involved in the deterioration of renal function after I/R injury. Therefore, we administered probenecid, which blocks proximal tubular indomethacin uptake, to abolish the indomethacin-mediated restoration of Oat1/3 regulation and its effect on renal functional and morphological outcome. Ischemic acute kidney injury (iAKI) was induced in rats by bilateral clamping of renal arteries for 45 min with 24-h follow-up. Low-dose indomethacin (1 mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally (ip) at the end of ischemia. Probenecid (50 mg/kg) was administered ip 20 min later. Indomethacin restored the expression of Oat1/3, PAH net secretion, and PGE2 clearance. Additionally, indomethacin improved kidney function as measured by glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal perfusion as determined by corrected PAH clearance, and morphology, whereas it reduced renal cortical apoptosis and nitric oxide production. Notably, indomethacin did not affect inflammation parameters in the kidneys (e.g., monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, ED1+ cells). On the other hand, probenecid blocked the indomethacin-induced restoration of Oat1/3 and moreover abrogated all beneficial effects. Our study indicates that the beneficial effect of low-dose indomethacin in iAKI is not due to its anti-inflammatory potency, but in contrast to its restoration of Oat1/3 expression and/or general renal function. Inhibition of proximal tubular indomethacin uptake abrogates the beneficial effect of indomethacin by resetting the PGE2-mediated Oat1/3 impairment, thus reestablishing renal damage. This provides evidence for a mechanistic effect of Oat1/3 in a new model of the induction of renal damage after iAKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Schneider
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Abt. Nephrologie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - M. Meusel
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Abt. Nephrologie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - B. Betz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Abt. Nephrologie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - C. Held
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Abt. Nephrologie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - K. Möller-Ehrlich
- Zentrum für Experimentelle Molekulare Medizin (ZEMM), Bayerische Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - M. Büttner-Herold
- Nephropathologische Abteilung im Pathologischen Institut, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - C. Wanner
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Abt. Nephrologie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - M. Gekle
- Julius-Bernstein-Institut für Physiologie, Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany; and
| | - C. Sauvant
- Klinik für Anästhesie und Operative Intensivmedizin, Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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Qiu X, Fu K, Zhao X, Zhang Y, Yuan Y, Zhang S, Gu X, Guo H. Protective effects of astaxanthin against ischemia/reperfusion induced renal injury in mice. J Transl Med 2015; 13:28. [PMID: 25623758 PMCID: PMC4323259 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0388-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthin (ATX) is a powerful antioxidant that occurs naturally in a wide variety of living organisms. Previous studies have shown that ATX has effects of eliminating oxygen free radicals and can protect organs from ischemia/reperfusion (IR) induced injury. The present study was designed to further investigate the protective effects of ATX on oxidative stress induced toxicity in tubular epithelial cells and on IR induced renal injury in mice. ATX, at a concentration of 250 nM, attenuated 100 μM H2O2-inudced viability decrease of tubular epithelial cells. In vivo, ATX preserved renal function 12 h or 24 h post IR. Pretreatment of ATX via oral gavage for 14 consecutive days prior to IR dramatically prevented IR induced histological damage 24 h post IR. Histological results showed that the pathohistological score, number of apoptotic cells, and the expression of α-smooth muscle actin were significantly decreased by pretreatment of ATX. In addition, oxidative stress and inflammation in kidney samples were significantly reduced by ATX 24 h post IR. Taken together, the current study suggests that pretreatment of ATX is effective in preserving renal function and histology via antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Qiu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China. .,Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Kai Fu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China. .,Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Xiaozhi Zhao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China. .,Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Yanting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Yimin Yuan
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Shiwei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Xiaoping Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Hongqian Guo
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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