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Abdelnaby HB, Abuhussein AA, Fouad AM, Alhashash WA, Aldousari AS, Abdelaleem AM, Edelhamre M, Shahin MH, Faisal M. Histopathological and epidemiological findings of colonoscopy screening in a population with an average risk of colorectal cancer in Kuwait. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:158-165. [PMID: 33642352 PMCID: PMC8265403 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_463_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in women and the third most common in men worldwide, with a significantly rising incidence in the Middle East region over the last few decades. This study investigates the histopathological and epidemiological characteristics of colonoscopic findings in a population with an average risk of CRC in Kuwait. METHODS In this study, 1,005 asymptomatic average-risk Kuwaiti adults aged over 40 years had their first colonoscopy screening during the 2015-2018 period. Data on lifestyle behaviors (cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity), body mass index (BMI), and comorbidities were routinely collected from these individuals. All colorectal polyps or masses were assessed for their site, size, and number and then resected and sent for histopathological examination. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 54 years, and 52.2% were women. In screened individuals, the polyp detection rate, adenoma detection rate, and carcinoma detection rate were 43.8%, 27.7%, and 1.2%, respectively. Tubular, tubulovillous, and villous types of adenoma constituted 17.3%, 2.8%, and 1.3% of all screened participants. Neoplastic lesions, particularly in the proximal colon, were more common among men aged 40-49 years. Age of 70 years and older (OR: 9.6; 95% CI: 4.7-19.9; P < 0.001), male gender (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1-2.3; P = 0.011), increased BMI (OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02-1.08; P = 0.001), and smoking (OR: 3.5; 95% CI: 2.3-5.4; P < 0.001) were the most significant independent risk factors for colorectal neoplasia. CONCLUSIONS The high adenoma detection rate (ADR) in Kuwaiti population calls for the establishment of a national programe for CRC screening. The higher ADR in those younger than 50 years calls for assessment of the threshold age at which to start screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan B. Abdelnaby
- Department of Endemic and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of gastroenterology, Al Sabah Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait,Address for correspondence: Dr. Hassan B. Abdelnaby, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Al Sabah Hospital, Ministry of Health, P. O. Box (5) – 13001, Safat, Kuwait. E-mail:
| | - Ali A. Abuhussein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of gastroenterology, Al Sabah Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait
| | - Ahmed M. Fouad
- Department of Public Health, Occupational and Enivronmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Wafaa A. Alhashash
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of gastroenterology, Al Sabah Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait
| | - Abdulrahman S. Aldousari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of gastroenterology, Al Sabah Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait
| | - Ahmed M. Abdelaleem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of gastroenterology, Al Sabah Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marcus Edelhamre
- Department of Surgery, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden
| | - Maha H. Shahin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of gastroenterology, Al Sabah Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait
| | - Mohammed Faisal
- Department of Surgery, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden,Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Al-Sayegh N, Al-Enezi K, Nadar M, Dean E. Health Status, Behaviors, and Beliefs of Health Sciences Students and Staff at Kuwait University: Toward Maximizing the Health of Future Health Professionals and Their Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17238776. [PMID: 33255967 PMCID: PMC7730932 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17238776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Health professionals who engage in healthy lifestyle behaviors are more likely to promote their patients’ health. We evaluated health status, behaviors, and beliefs of students (future health professionals) and staff in four health sciences faculties, Kuwait University. In total, 600 students and 231 staff participated in this descriptive cross-sectional study. Questionnaire surveys were used to evaluate lifestyle-related practices and participants’ beliefs about these practices, in addition to health-related objective measures, e.g., heart rate, blood pressure, and body mass index. Overweight/obesity was prevalent among the participants (staff, 68.7%, students, 48.1%; p < 0.001); 57% of staff had suboptimal resting blood pressures. About half of the participants reported being moderately physically active (staff, 44.8%, students, 52.6%; p < 0.05), and most reported moderate/high stress (staff, 88.8%, students, 90.9%; p > 0.05). Only 25.1% of staff and 27.9% of students reported at least 8 h sleep nightly (p > 0.05). Staff reported healthier dietary practices than students (p-value range < 0.001–0.02). Overall, the participants had sub-optimal health indices. A marked gap existed between participants’ beliefs about healthy lifestyle practices and their actual health status. Healthy lifestyle programs are needed on campus with respect to diet, exercise, and stress management. As emerging health professionals, students in health sciences faculties, Kuwait University, need exposure to a health-promoting environment including healthy staff as role models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nowall Al-Sayegh
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, Safat 12037, Kuwait
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +965-2463-3510
| | - Khazna Al-Enezi
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat 12037, Kuwait;
| | - Mohammed Nadar
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, Safat 12037, Kuwait;
| | - Elizabeth Dean
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 212 Friedman Building, 2177 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada;
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Husain W, Ashkanani F. Does COVID-19 change dietary habits and lifestyle behaviours in Kuwait: a community-based cross-sectional study. Environ Health Prev Med 2020; 25:61. [PMID: 33045996 PMCID: PMC7548533 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-020-00901-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus pandemic has transformed and continues to transform and affect the daily lives of communities worldwide, particularly due to the lockdown restrictions. Therefore, this study was designed to understand the changes in dietary and lifestyle behaviours that are major determinants of health during the COVID-19 outbreak. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire using a convenience sample of 415 adults living in Kuwait (age range 18-73 years). RESULTS The rate of skipping breakfast remained consistent, with a slight increase during the pandemic. Lunch remained the main reported meal before and during COVID-19. Compared to before COVID-19, people were much more likely have a late-night snack or meal during COVID-19 (OR = 3.57 (95% CI 1.79-7.26), p < 0.001). Moreover, there was a drastic decrease in the frequency of fast-food consumption during COVID-19, up to 82% reported not consuming fast food (p < 0.001). There was a significant increase in the percentage of participants who had their main meal freshly made (OR = 59.18 (95% CI 6.55-1400.76), p = 0.001). Regarding food group patterns, no significant differences were found before and during the pandemic in terms of the weekly frequency of consumption, except in the case of fish and seafood. There were no remarkable changes in beverage consumption habits among participants before and during the pandemic, except for Americano coffee and fresh juice. Furthermore, there was a great reduction in physical activity and an increase in the amount of screen time and sedentary behaviours. A notable increase was detected in day-time sleep and a decrease in night-time sleep among participants. CONCLUSION In general, this study indicates some changes in daily life, including changes in some eating practices, physical activity and sleeping habits during the pandemic. It is important that the government considers the need for nutrition education programmes and campaigns, particularly during this critical period of the pandemic in Kuwait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa Husain
- Home Economics department, College of Basic Education, The Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Al-Ardiya, Kuwait
| | - Fatemah Ashkanani
- Home Economics department, College of Basic Education, The Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Al-Ardiya, Kuwait
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Saquib N, Ibrahim AY, Saquib J. Behavioral trials in the Arab Gulf States: A scoping review. SAGE Open Med 2019; 7:2050312119846787. [PMID: 31041101 PMCID: PMC6482655 DOI: 10.1177/2050312119846787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The leading chronic conditions in Arab Gulf States are modifiable by lifestyle change. Available evidence suggests a paucity of experimental studies on these conditions. We aimed to review the published randomized controlled trials on behavioral modification in the Arab Gulf States. Three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane) were searched for related keywords, and the records were screened for eligible studies; data were abstracted on trial characteristics (e.g. publication year, study population, primary outcome, intervention, control, follow-up, and outcome results), and a quality assessment of the trials was made. A total of 16 trials were eligible; 50% did not provide sample size calculation, and 31% did not designate a primary outcome. A majority of the trials did not explain randomization or allocation concealment (50%), did not blind outcome assessors (69%) or adopt an intention-to-treat analysis (56%); and 82% of trials found a significant intervention effect. More behavioral trials should be conducted overall and specifically for conditions for which there are no trials (e.g. respiratory tract infection and road injury).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazmus Saquib
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al Rajhi Colleges, Al Bukairiyah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Yousif Ibrahim
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al Rajhi Colleges, Al Bukairiyah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Juliann Saquib
- College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Wang P, Li Z, Jones A, Bodner ME, Dean E. Discordance between lifestyle-related health behaviors and beliefs of urban mainland Chinese: A questionnaire study with implications for targeting health education. AIMS Public Health 2019; 6:49-66. [PMID: 30931342 PMCID: PMC6433611 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2019.1.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Morbidity and mortality in China are increasingly associated with lifestyle behaviors, e.g., smoking, poor nutritional choices, and physical inactivity. Lifestyle-related non-communicable diseases (e.g., hypertension, stroke, heart disease, lung disease) are at critical levels globally, in turn their socioeconomic burdens. Knowledge of lifestyle-related health behaviors and beliefs of mainland Chinese would help inform the design and targeting of cost-effective health education for individuals and campaigns in the interests of promoting and protecting health, and preventing disease. This study's objective was to describe the lifestyle behaviors and beliefs of a sample of urban mainland Chinese, and their congruence with evidence-based guidelines for maximal health. Methods A cross-sectional interview questionnaire study was conducted in which 835 mainland Chinese (55% men, 45% women) from four urban areas participated. Results About half (52%) reported smoking to some degree with 21% being habitual smokers; 33% being above average weight; 62.1% met physical activity guidelines for health benefits; 92% being sedentary for 5.8 ± 3.40 h/d; 66% experiencing moderate/high stress; and sleeping 7.1 ± 1.31 h nightly with 35% reporting sleeping poorly. When standard serving sizes were considered, daily consumption of grains, fruits, and vegetables was reported to be consistent with dietary recommendations for good health, however, added salt (3.7 ± 7.42 tsp) and sugar (3.9 ± 12.99 tsp) exceeded recommendations. Life stress was rated moderate by 59.6% of respondents, with personal and family health stresses ranking highest (43% and 55%, respectively). Regarding beliefs about importance of lifestyle behaviors to health, respondents' understanding was not consistent with evidence-based recommendations. Only 64% of participants believed smoking abstinence is highly important to health; 56% regular exercise; and 37% consumption of whole grains, 62% fruit and vegetables; and 54% maintaining a healthy body weight. Conclusion To be congruent with established guidelines for healthy living, health promotion and disease prevention education for individuals and public campaigns warrants targeting health knowledge and beliefs of urban Chinese as well as lifestyle-related health behaviors. The roles of gender, education and living rurally, on lifestyle behaviors and beliefs of the Chinese, warrant elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- School of Foreign Studies, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China, and formerly visiting scholar, School of Communication and Culture, Royal Roads University, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zhenyi Li
- School of Communication and Culture, Royal Roads University, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alice Jones
- Alice Jones, Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael E Bodner
- School of Human Kinetics, Trinity Western University, Langley, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Dean
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Al-Khaledi M, Al-Dousari H, Al-Dhufairi S, Al-Mousawi T, Al-Azemi R, Al-Azimi F, Badr HE. Diabetes Self-Management: A Key to Better Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Diabetes. Med Princ Pract 2018; 27:323-331. [PMID: 29669330 PMCID: PMC6170903 DOI: 10.1159/000489310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among adult patients with diabetes attending primary health care diabetes clinics in Kuwait and to examine the factors associated with the HRQOL of patients with diabetes. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among 503 patients with diabetes attending 26 primary health care diabetes clinics in Kuwait. A self- administered questionnaire on participants' socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, in addition to the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) to assess patients' diabetes self-management (DSM), was used. The SF-12 was employed to assess the HRQOL, producing the following 2 outcomes: physical health composite (PHC) and mental health composite (MHC). RESULTS The mean age of participants was 52 ± 0.8 years, and 53.1% were males and 49.0% were Kuwaitis. The median DSM sum score was 6.5. Male patients with diabetes showed a significantly better median DSM sum score than female patients with diabetes. The overall median score of HRQOL was 61.7/100, with a better median PHC versus MHC score of quality of life (66.7/100 and 56.7/100, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed a significant direct association between DSM and better primary health composite and MHC scores. It also showed that female gender and reporting 2 or more diabetic complications were significantly associated with a poor PHC. CONCLUSIONS Kuwaiti patients with diabetes showed a modest level of HRQOL. Patients' DSM, gender, and diabetes complications were significant independent correlates to HRQOL. Appraisal of the HRQOL of patients with diabetes as an essential component of diabetes management in clinical settings is suggested. Further studies to examine the impact of good DSM on HRQOL improvement are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hanan E. Badr
- *Hanan E. Badr, Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, PO Box 24923, Safat, Kuwait City 13110 (Kuwait), E-Mail or
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Akhtar S, Al-Abkal J, Al-Hashel JY, Alroughani R. Age-Period-Cohort Modeling of Multiple Sclerosis Incidence Rates in Kuwait: 1980-2014. Neuroepidemiology 2017; 49:152-159. [PMID: 29161697 DOI: 10.1159/000484318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex immune-mediated disorder of the central nervous system with undefined etiology. Genetic predisposition and environmental factors play an imperative role in MS causation and its sustained increasing burden worldwide. This study examined the age, period, and cohort effects on MS incidence rates in Kuwait. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, data on MS cases diagnosed between January 1, 1980 and December 31, 2014 and registered in National MS Registry and reference population were obtained. Age-period-cohort (APC) analysis was conducted using a loglinear Poisson regression model to supplement the descriptive and graphical presentation. Descriptive statistics were complemented with APC parameters' estimates including net drift, local drift, age at onset curve, and longitudinal age trend. Age effect was presented as incidence rates (per 105 person-years), whereas period and cohort effects were presented as adjusted relative rates. RESULTS A total of 1,131 cases were diagnosed in 1,385,923 person-years. Overall age-standardized MS incidence rate was 64.5 (95% CI 52.4-79.8). An estimated annual percentage change revealed 7.4% annual increase in MS incidence rate during the study period (Net drift = 7.4%; 95% CI 4.1-10.8%). APC "fitted" age-at-onset curve showed a bimodal pattern with peaked incidence rates at 20-24 years and 45-49 years of age. Compared with the referent period (1980-1984) and cohort (1970-1974), MS incidence rates progressively and significantly (p < 0.001) increased during subsequent time periods and in successive cohorts. Results of APC analysis are descriptive in nature and specific etiological hypotheses were not evaluated. However, the findings of this study substantiated the notion of multiplicity of genetic and/or environmental risk factors' contributions. CONCLUSION A substantial increase in MS incidence rates was recorded, which significantly varied in all 3 temporal dimensions during the study period. Future studies may contemplate biological basis for recorded temporal increase in MS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Akhtar
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioural Sciences, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | | | - Jasem Y Al-Hashel
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kuwait, Jabriya, Kuwait.,Department of Neurology, Ibn Sina Hospital, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Raed Alroughani
- Division of Neurology, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait.,Neurology Clinic, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
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