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Guo X, Wang R, Chen R, Zhang Z, Wang J, Liu X. Gut microbiota and serum metabolite signatures along the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence: Implications for early detection and intervention. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 560:119732. [PMID: 38772522 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
AIM Our study focuses on the microbial and metabolomic profile changes during the adenoma stage, as adenomas can be considered potential precursors to colorectal cancer through the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Identifying possible intervention targets at this stage may aid in preventing the progression of colorectal adenoma (CRA) to malignant lesions. Furthermore, we evaluate the efficacy of combined microbial and metabolite biomarkers in detecting CRA. METHODS Fecal metagenomic and serum metabolomic analyses were performed for the discovery of alterations of gut microbiome and metabolites in CRA patients (n = 26), Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients (n = 19), Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) patients (n = 10), and healthy controls (n = 20). Finally, analyzing the associations between gut microbes and metabolites was performed by a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS Our analysis present that CRA patients differ significantly in gut microflora and serum metabolites compared with healthy controls, especially for Lachnospiraceae and Parasutterella. Its main metabolite, butyric acid, concentrations were raised in CRA patients compared with the healthy controls, indicating its role as a promoter of colorectal tumorigenesis. α-Linolenic acid and lysophosphatidylcholine represented the other healthy metabolite for CRA. Combining five microbial and five metabolite biomarkers, we differentiated CRA from CRC with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.85 out of this performance vastly superior to the specificity recorded by traditional markers CEA and CA199 in such differentiation of these conditions. CONCLUSIONS The study underlines significant microbial and metabolic alterations in CRA with a novel insight into screening and early intervention of its tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Guo
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ShangHai 200437, China.
| | - Ruoyao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ShangHai 200437, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ShangHai 200437, China
| | - Zhongxiao Zhang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.1111, XianXia Road, Shanghai 200336, China.
| | - Jingxia Wang
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ShangHai 200437, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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Bagheri M, Bombin A, Shi M, Murthy VL, Shah R, Mosley JD, Ferguson JF. Genotype-based "virtual" metabolomics in a clinical biobank identifies novel metabolite-disease associations. Front Genet 2024; 15:1392622. [PMID: 38812968 PMCID: PMC11133605 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1392622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Circulating metabolites act as biomarkers of dysregulated metabolism and may inform disease pathophysiology. A portion of the inter-individual variability in circulating metabolites is influenced by common genetic variation. We evaluated whether a genetics-based "virtual" metabolomics approach can identify novel metabolite-disease associations. Methods: We examined the association between polygenic scores for 724 metabolites with 1,247 clinical phenotypes in the BioVU DNA biobank, comprising 57,735 European ancestry and 15,754 African ancestry participants. We applied Mendelian randomization (MR) to probe significant relationships and validated significant MR associations using independent GWAS of candidate phenotypes. Results and Discussion: We found significant associations between 336 metabolites and 168 phenotypes in European ancestry and 107 metabolites and 56 phenotypes in African ancestry. Of these metabolite-disease pairs, MR analyses confirmed associations between 73 metabolites and 53 phenotypes in European ancestry. Of 22 metabolitephenotype pairs evaluated for replication in independent GWAS, 16 were significant (false discovery rate p < 0.05). These included associations between bilirubin and X-21796 with cholelithiasis, phosphatidylcholine (16:0/22:5n3,18:1/20:4) and arachidonate with inflammatory bowel disease and Crohn's disease, and campesterol with coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. These associations may represent biomarkers or potentially targetable mediators of disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoo Bagheri
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Andrei Bombin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Mingjian Shi
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Venkatesh L Murthy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Ravi Shah
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Jonathan D Mosley
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Jane F Ferguson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
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Dignass A, Stremmel W, Horyński M, Poyda O, Armerding P, Fellermann K, Langhorst J, Kuehbacher T, Uebel P, Stein J, Novacek G, Avalueva E, Oliinyk O, Hasselblatt P, Dorofeyev A, Heinemann H, Mueller R, Greinwald R, Reinisch W. Modified-Release Phosphatidylcholine (LT-02) for Ulcerative Colitis: Two Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trials. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 22:810-820.e7. [PMID: 37806372 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2023.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of LT-02, a novel modified-release phosphatidylcholine (PC) formulation, for induction and maintenance of remission in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis (UC) and inadequate response to mesalamine. METHODS LT-02 was evaluated in a multicenter double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study comprising a 12-week induction trial (PCG-2), followed by a 48-week maintenance trial (PCG-4). In PCG-2, patients were randomized 1:1:1 to treatment with 0.8 g LT-02 4 times daily (QID), 1.6 g LT-02 twice daily (BID), or placebo, respectively. All patients continued to take a standard dose of oral mesalamine (≥2.4 g/day). The primary end point in PCG-2 was deep remission. Patients achieving remission at week 12 were randomly assigned 2:1:1 to 1.6 g LT-02 BID, placebo, or 500 mg mesalamine (3 times daily), respectively, in PCG-4; the primary end point was remission at 48 weeks. RESULTS PCG-2 was terminated early for futility after a prespecified interim analysis; 466 patients (of 762 planned) were randomized. There was no statistically significant difference in deep remission at week 12 (placebo, 13.5%; LT-02 BID, 14.2%; LT-02 QID, 9.7%). In PCG-4, 150 patients (of approximately 400 planned) were randomized. There was no statistically significant difference in remission rates at week 48 (LT-02 BID, 49.3%; mesalamine, 50.0%; placebo, 43.2%). LT-02 was safe. CONCLUSIONS Despite prior evidence of beneficial effects of PC in phase 2 trials, our induction study with LT-02 in patients with mild to moderate UC was terminated prematurely for futility. Signals of efficacy in maintenance therapy require confirmation in an adequately powered maintenance trial. LT-02 was safe and well-tolerated. CLINICALTRIALS gov: NCT02280629, NCT02142725.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Dignass
- Department of Medicine I, Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Stremmel
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Oleksandr Poyda
- Department of Proctology, O.O. Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Klaus Fellermann
- Division of Gastroenterology, Medical Department I, Campus Lübeck, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jost Langhorst
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, Germany
| | - Tanja Kuehbacher
- Internal Medicine/Gastroenterology, Asklepios Westklinikum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Uebel
- Study Center for Internal Medicine, Haus der Gesundheit, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Juergen Stein
- Interdisciplinary Crohn Colitis Centre Rhein-Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gottfried Novacek
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elena Avalueva
- North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Peter Hasselblatt
- Department of Medicine II and Medical Faculty, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andrey Dorofeyev
- Ukrainian-German Anti-ulcer Gastroenterology Centre, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Heidrun Heinemann
- Department of Clinical Research, Dr. Falk Pharma GmbH, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ralph Mueller
- Department of Clinical Research, Dr. Falk Pharma GmbH, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roland Greinwald
- Department of Clinical Research, Dr. Falk Pharma GmbH, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Walter Reinisch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Questa M, Weimer BC, Fiehn O, Chow B, Hill SL, Ackermann MR, Lidbury JA, Steiner JM, Suchodolski JS, Marsilio S. Unbiased serum metabolomic analysis in cats with naturally occurring chronic enteropathies before and after medical intervention. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6939. [PMID: 38521833 PMCID: PMC10960826 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic enteropathies (CE) are common disorders in cats and the differentiation between the two main underlying diseases, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and low-grade intestinal T-cell lymphoma (LGITL), can be challenging. Characterization of the serum metabolome could provide further information on alterations of disease-associated metabolic pathways and may identify diagnostic or therapeutic targets. Unbiased metabolomics analysis of serum from 28 cats with CE (14 cats with IBD, 14 cats with LGITL) and 14 healthy controls identified 1,007 named metabolites, of which 129 were significantly different in cats with CE compared to healthy controls at baseline. Random Forest analysis revealed a predictive accuracy of 90% for differentiating controls from cats with chronic enteropathy. Metabolic pathways found to be significantly altered included phospholipids, amino acids, thiamine, and tryptophan metabolism. Several metabolites were found to be significantly different between cats with IBD versus LGITL, including several sphingolipids, phosphatidylcholine 40:7, uridine, pinitol, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, and glucuronic acid. However, random forest analysis revealed a poor group predictive accuracy of 60% for the differentiation of IBD from LGITL. Of 129 compounds found to be significantly different between healthy cats and cats with CE at baseline, 58 remained different following treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Questa
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Bart C Weimer
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, 100K Pathogen Genome Project, University of California School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Betty Chow
- VCA Animal Specialty & Emergency Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Steve L Hill
- Veterinary Specialty Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mark R Ackermann
- US Department of Agriculture, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Jonathan A Lidbury
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Joerg M Steiner
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Jan S Suchodolski
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Sina Marsilio
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Zhang F, Guo L, Shi J, Jiang H, Zhou F, Zhou Y, Lv B, Xu M. Choline metabolism in regulating inflammatory bowel disease-linked anxiety disorders: A multi-omics exploration of the gut-brain axis. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 191:106390. [PMID: 38145852 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety and depression caused by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) negatively affect the mental health of patients. Emerging studies have demonstrated that the gut-brain axis (GBA) mediates IBD-induced mood disorders, but the underlying mechanisms of these findings remain unknown. Therefore, it's vital to conduct comprehensive research on the GBA in IBD. Multi-omics studies can provide an understanding of the pathological mechanisms of the GBA in the development of IBD, helping to uncover the mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of the disease. Thus, we analyzed the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of Dextran Sulfate Sodium Salt (DSS)-induced IBD mice using transcriptomics and metabolomics. We observed increased mRNA related to acetylcholine synthesis and secretion, along with decreased phosphatidylcholine (PC) levels in the PFC of DSS group compared to the control group. Fecal metagenomics also revealed abnormalities in the microbiome and lipid metabolism in the DSS group. Since both acetylcholine and PC are choline metabolites, we posited that the DSS group may experience choline deficiency and choline metabolism disorders. Subsequently, when we supplemented CDP-choline, IBD mice exhibited improvements, including decreased anxiety-like behaviors, reduced PC degradation, and increased acetylcholine synthesis in the PFC. In addition, administration of CDP-choline can restore imbalances in the gut microbiome and disruptions in lipid metabolism caused by DSS treatment. This study provides compelling evidence to suggest that choline metabolism plays a crucial role in the development and treatment of mood disorders in IBD. Choline and its metabolites appear to have a significant role in maintaining the stability of the GBA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310006, China; Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Lingnan Guo
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310006, China; Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Jingjing Shi
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Feini Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yanlin Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310006, China; Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Bin Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310006, China; Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Maosheng Xu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310006, China; Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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Bagheri M, Bombin A, Shi M, Murthy VL, Shah R, Mosley JD, Ferguson JF. Genotype-based "virtual" metabolomics in a clinical biobank identifies novel metabolite-disease associations. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3222588. [PMID: 37790512 PMCID: PMC10543429 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3222588/v2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Circulating metabolites act as biomarkers of dysregulated metabolism, and may inform disease pathophysiology. A portion of the inter-individual variability in circulating metabolites is influenced by common genetic variation. We evaluated whether a genetics-based "virtual" metabolomics approach can identify novel metabolite-disease associations. We examined the association between polygenic scores for 726 metabolites (derived from OMICSPRED) with 1,247 clinical phenotypes in 57,735 European ancestry and 15,754 African ancestry participants from the BioVU DNA Biobank. We probed significant relationships through Mendelian randomization (MR) using genetic instruments constructed from the METSIM Study, and validated significant MR associations using independent GWAS of candidate phenotypes. We found significant associations between 336 metabolites and 168 phenotypes in European ancestry and 107 metabolites and 56 phenotypes among African ancestry. Of these metabolite-disease pairs, MR analyses confirmed associations between 73 metabolites and 53 phenotypes in European ancestry. Of 22 metabolite-phenotype pairs evaluated for replication in independent GWAS, 16 were significant (false discovery rate p<0.05). Validated findings included the metabolites bilirubin and X-21796 with cholelithiasis, phosphatidylcholine(16:0/22:5n3,18:1/20:4) and arachidonate(20:4n6) with inflammatory bowel disease and Crohn's disease, and campesterol with coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. These associations may represent biomarkers or potentially targetable mediators of disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ravi Shah
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center
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7
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Bagheri M, Bombin A, Shi M, Murthy VL, Shah R, Mosley JD, Ferguson JF. Genotype-based "virtual" metabolomics in a clinical biobank identifies novel metabolite-disease associations. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3222588. [PMID: 37790512 PMCID: PMC10543429 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3222588/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Circulating metabolites act as biomarkers of dysregulated metabolism, and may inform disease pathophysiology. A portion of the inter-individual variability in circulating metabolites is influenced by common genetic variation. We evaluated whether a genetics-based "virtual" metabolomics approach can identify novel metabolite-disease associations. We examined the association between polygenic scores for 726 metabolites (derived from OMICSPRED) with 1,247 clinical phenotypes in 57,735 European ancestry and 15,754 African ancestry participants from the BioVU DNA Biobank. We probed significant relationships through Mendelian randomization (MR) using genetic instruments constructed from the METSIM Study, and validated significant MR associations using independent GWAS of candidate phenotypes. We found significant associations between 336 metabolites and 168 phenotypes in European ancestry and 107 metabolites and 56 phenotypes among African ancestry. Of these metabolite-disease pairs, MR analyses confirmed associations between 73 metabolites and 53 phenotypes in European ancestry. Of 22 metabolite-phenotype pairs evaluated for replication in independent GWAS, 16 were significant (false discovery rate p<0.05). Validated findings included the metabolites bilirubin and X-21796 with cholelithiasis, phosphatidylcholine(16:0/22:5n3,18:1/20:4) and arachidonate(20:4n6) with inflammatory bowel disease and Crohn's disease, and campesterol with coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. These associations may represent biomarkers or potentially targetable mediators of disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ravi Shah
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center
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Wilson SMG, Peach JT, Fausset H, Miller ZT, Walk ST, Yeoman CJ, Bothner B, Miles MP. Metabolic impact of polyphenol-rich aronia fruit juice mediated by inflammation status of gut microbiome donors in humanized mouse model. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1244692. [PMID: 37727634 PMCID: PMC10505616 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1244692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Aronia melanocarpa fruit is emerging as a health food owing to its high polyphenolic content and associated antioxidant activity. Antioxidant-rich foods, such as Aronia fruit, may counter inflammatory stimuli and positively modulate the gut microbiome. However, a comprehensive study characterizing the impact of Aronia fruit supplementation has not been completed. Therefore, we completed analyses measuring the metabolic, microbial, and inflammatory effects of a diet supplemented with Aronia fruit juice. Method Humanized mice were generated by colonizing gnotobiotic mice with microbiomes from human donors presenting disparate inflammation levels. Blood and fecal samples were collected throughout the course of an 8-week dietary intervention with either Aronia juice or a carbohydrate-matched beverage alone (2 weeks) or in combination with a high-fat diet to induce inflammation (6 weeks). Samples were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing (stool) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (serum). Results We demonstrated transfer of microbiome composition and diversity and metabolic characteristics from humans with low and high inflammation levels to second-generation humanized mice. Aronia supplementation provided robust protection against high-fat diet induced metabolic and microbiome changes that were dependent in part on microbiome donor. Aronia induced increases in bacteria of the Eggerthellaceae genus (7-fold) which aligns with its known ability to metabolize (poly)phenols and in phosphatidylcholine metabolites which are consistent with improved gut barrier function. The gut microbiome from a low inflammation phenotype donor provided protection against high-fat diet induced loss of microbiome β-diversity and global metabolomic shifts compared to that from the high inflammation donor. Conclusion These metabolic changes elucidate pathway-specific drivers of reduced inflammation stemming from both Aronia and the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. G. Wilson
- Department of Food Systems, Nutrition, and Kinesiology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Jesse T. Peach
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Hunter Fausset
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Zachary T. Miller
- Department of Research Centers, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Seth T. Walk
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Carl J. Yeoman
- Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Brian Bothner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Mary P. Miles
- Department of Food Systems, Nutrition, and Kinesiology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
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9
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Zhao Y, Xu J, Shangguan J, Pan H, Lu K, Hu S, Xu H. In situ gel-forming oil as rectally delivering platform of hydrophobic therapeutics for ulcerative colitis therapy. Int J Pharm 2023:123149. [PMID: 37336301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Because of their poor water-soluble properties and non-specific distribution, most hydrophobic therapeutics had limited benefit for patients with ulcerative colitis. Herein, an in-situ oil-based gel has been developed as a rectal delivery vehicle for these therapeutics. In situ gel-forming oil (BBLG) was composed of soybean phosphatidyl choline (40%, w/w), glyceryl dioleate (50%, w/w), and ethanol (10%, w/w). The hydrophobic laquinimod (LAQ) as a model drug was easily dissolved in gel-forming oil and its solubility was reaching to 7 ± 0.1 mg/mL. Importantly, upon contact with the colonic fluids, the gel-forming oil was quickly transited to a semi-solid gel, adhering to the inflamed colon mucosa and forming a protective barrier. Transmission Electron Microscopy showed that the gel network was arranged by the connected lipid spheres and LAQ was non-crystally encapsulated into the lipid spheres. Moreover, the universal adhesive test showed that the adhesive force and the adhesive energy of BBLG toward fresh colon tissues were 711±12 mN and 25 ± 2 J/m2, which was 2.14-fold and 5-fold higher than that of the marketed Poloxamer 407 gel, respectively. Meanwhile, in vivo imaging confirmed that the retention time of BBLG in the colon lumen was more than 8 h after rectal administration. In vivo animal studies showed that BBLG also greatly enhanced the therapeutic impact of LAQ on TNBS-treated rats with ulcerative colitis, as evidenced by reduced disease activity index (DAI) scores and weight loss. Moreover, the colonic inflammation was significantly alleviated and the goblet cells were obliviously restored after treatment. Importantly, the gut mucosa barrier was largely repaired without any formation of fibrosis remodeling. Conclusively, in situ liquid gel may be a potential delivery system of hydrophobic medicines for ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzheng Zhao
- Department of pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China; CiXi Biomedical Research Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Department of pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China; CiXi Biomedical Research Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Jianxun Shangguan
- Department of pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China; CiXi Biomedical Research Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Hanxiao Pan
- Department of pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China; CiXi Biomedical Research Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Kaili Lu
- Department of pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China; CiXi Biomedical Research Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Sunkuan Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325000, China.
| | - Helin Xu
- Department of pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China; CiXi Biomedical Research Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, China.
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Mønsted MØ, Bilgin M, Kuzma M, Pelantová H, Pedersen K, Tomášová P, Nazmutdinova A, Šedivá B, Funda D, Castro-Mejía JL, Holm LJ, Nielsen DS, Haupt-Jorgensen M. Reduced phosphatidylcholine level in the intestinal mucus layer of prediabetic NOD mice. APMIS 2023; 131:237-248. [PMID: 36811202 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease with rising incidence. Pre- and manifest T1D is associated with intestinal barrier dysfunction, skewed microbiota composition, and serum dyslipidemia. The intestinal mucus layer protects against pathogens and its structure and phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipid composition may be compromised in T1D, potentially contributing to barrier dysfunction. This study compared prediabetic Non-Obese Diabetic (NOD) mice to healthy C57BL/6 mice by analyzing the intestinal mucus PC profile by shotgun lipidomics, plasma metabolomics by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance, intestinal mucus production by histology, and cecal microbiota composition by 16 S rRNA sequencing. Jejunal mucus PC class levels were decreased in early prediabetic NOD vs C57BL/6 mice. In colonic mucus of NOD mice, the level of several PC species was reduced throughout prediabetes. In plasma, similar reductions of PC species were observed in early prediabetic NOD mice, where also increased beta-oxidation was prominent. No histological alterations were found in jejunal nor colonic mucus between the mouse strains. However, the β-diversity of the cecal microbiota composition differed between prediabetic NOD and C57BL/6 mice, and the bacterial species driving this difference were related to decreased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-production in the NOD mice. This study reports reduced levels of PCs in the intestinal mucus layer and plasma of prediabetic NOD mice as well as reduced proportions of SCFA-producing bacteria in cecal content at early prediabetes, possibly contributing to intestinal barrier dysfunction and T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Øgaard Mønsted
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, The Bartholin Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mesut Bilgin
- Lipidomics Core Facility, Cell Death and Metabolism Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marek Kuzma
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, The Czech Republic
| | - Helena Pelantová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, The Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Pedersen
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, The Bartholin Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Petra Tomášová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, The Czech Republic
| | | | - Blanka Šedivá
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of West Bohemia, Plzeň, The Czech Republic
| | - David Funda
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, The Czech Republic
| | | | - Laurits Juulskov Holm
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, The Bartholin Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Saydakova S, Morozova K, Snytnikova O, Morozova M, Boldyreva L, Kiseleva E, Tsentalovich Y, Kozhevnikova E. The Effect of Dietary Phospholipids on the Ultrastructure and Function of Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021788. [PMID: 36675301 PMCID: PMC9866517 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary composition substantially determines human health and affects complex diseases, including obesity, inflammation and cancer. Thus, food supplements have been widely used to accommodate dietary composition to the needs of individuals. Among the promising supplements are dietary phospholipids (PLs) that are commonly found as natural food ingredients and as emulsifier additives. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of major PLs found as food supplements on the morphology of intestinal epithelial cells upon short-term and long-term high-dose feeding in mice. In the present report, the effect of short-term and long-term high dietary PL content was studied in terms of intestinal health and leaky gut syndrome in male mice. We used transmission electron microscopy to evaluate endothelial morphology at the ultrastructural level. We found mitochondrial damage and lipid droplet accumulation in the intracristal space, which rendered mitochondria more sensitive to respiratory uncoupling as shown by a mitochondrial respiration assessment in the intestinal crypts. However, this mitochondrial damage was insufficient to induce intestinal permeability. We propose that high-dose PL treatment impairs mitochondrial morphology and acts through extensive membrane utilization via the mitochondria. The data suggest that PL supplementation should be used with precaution in individuals with mitochondrial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snezhanna Saydakova
- Scientific-Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ksenia Morozova
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Olga Snytnikova
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maryana Morozova
- Scientific-Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Lidiya Boldyreva
- Scientific-Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena Kiseleva
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Elena Kozhevnikova
- Scientific-Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, 630039 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Correspondence:
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12
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Use of rice flour in wheat bread technology. EUREKA: LIFE SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.21303/2504-5695.2022.002677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Last decade is characterized by the increase in the incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases all over the world. Diet therapy, which includes reducing the amount of dietary fiber and including phospholipids in it, is effective in maintaining a sTable condition in case of these diseases. A promising raw material with a low dietary fiber content is rice flour, which may be added to the recipe of bakery products to replace part of wheat flour. The aim of the work was to determine the influence of rice flour on the course of the technological process and the characteristics of the dough in bakery products manufacturing, as well as on the quality indicators of bread made from wheat flour, which contains lecithin. Rice flour contains 1.8 times less protein than wheat flour, but this protein is more complete in amino acid composition. The content of dietary fibers in rice flour is 8.5 times lower. The gas-forming capacity of the dough with lecithin separately and in a mixture with rice flour increases by 8.4−18.7 % when replacing 10−40 % of wheat flour. It was established that in the dough sample with lecithin, the amount of formed and fermented sugars increased by 1.2 % and 12.1 %, respectively, compared to the control sample without additives. With an increase in the percentage of replacement of wheat flour with rice flour, the amount of formed sugars increased by 35.2−39.0 %. The amount of fermented sugars also increased by 19.6−31.8 % with an increase in the percentage of replacement. The shape stability of bread slightly improved with the addition of lecithin. However, when adding rice flour, the shape stability of the products decreased by 7.1−26.8 %, as well as the specific volume and porosity of bread
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13
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Chatelaine HA, Ramazani CA, Spencer K, Olivo‐Marston S, Bailey MT, McElroy J, Hatzakis E, Mathé EA, Kopec RE. Dietary Energy Intake and Presence of Aberrant Crypt Foci Are Associated with Phospholipid, Purine, and Taurine Metabolite Abundances in C57BL/6N Mouse Colon. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2200180. [PMID: 35969485 PMCID: PMC9787839 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Colon metabolomes associated with high-fat (H) versus energy-restricted (E) diets in early colorectal cancer (CRC) models have never been directly compared. The objectives of this study are to elucidate metabolites associated with diet, aberrant crypt foci (ACF), and diet:ACF interaction, using a lifetime murine model. METHODS AND RESULTS Three-week-old mice consumed control (C), E, or H initiation diets for 18 weeks. ACF formation is initiated weeks 16-21 with azoxymethane injections, followed by progression diet crossover (to C, E, or H) through week 60. Colon extracts are analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). Metabolites associated with diet, ACF, or diet:ACF are determined using regression models (FDR-adjusted p-value <0.05). No metabolites are significantly associated with initiation diets, but concentrations of acylcarnitines and phospholipids are associated with C, E, and H progression diets. Purines, taurine, and phospholipids are associated with ACF presence. No significant associations between metabolites and diet:ACF interaction are observed. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that recent, rather than early-life, diet is more closely associated with the colon metabolome, particularly lipid metabolism. Results from this study also provide candidate biomarkers of early CRC development and provide support for the importance of early diet on influencing pre-CRC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley A. Chatelaine
- OSU Interdisciplinary Nutrition PhD Program (OSUN)Department of Human SciencesThe Ohio State University1787 Neil AveColumbusOH43210United States,Division of Preclinical Innovation Informatics CoreNational Center for Advancing Translational Sciences9800 Medical Center DriveRockvilleMD20850USA
| | - Cynthia A. Ramazani
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA,Big Data for Indiana State UniversityIndiana State UniversityTerre HauteIN47807USA
| | - Kyle Spencer
- Division of Preclinical Innovation Informatics CoreNational Center for Advancing Translational Sciences9800 Medical Center DriveRockvilleMD20850USA,Department of Biomedical InformaticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA,Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOH43205USA
| | - Susan Olivo‐Marston
- Division of EpidemiologyCollege of Public HealthThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA,Southern Illinois University School of MedicineSpringfieldIL62794USA
| | - Michael T. Bailey
- Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOH43205USA,Department of PediatricsThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOH43210USA,Center for Microbial PathogenesisNationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOH43205USA,Oral and GI Research Affinity GroupNationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOH43205USA
| | - Joseph McElroy
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Emmanuel Hatzakis
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA,Foods for Health Discovery ThemeThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Ewy A. Mathé
- Division of Preclinical Innovation Informatics CoreNational Center for Advancing Translational Sciences9800 Medical Center DriveRockvilleMD20850USA,Department of Biomedical InformaticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA,Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA,Translational Data Analytics InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Rachel E. Kopec
- OSU Interdisciplinary Nutrition PhD Program (OSUN)Department of Human SciencesThe Ohio State University1787 Neil AveColumbusOH43210United States,Foods for Health Discovery ThemeThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
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Stremmel W, Vural H, Evliyaoglu O, Weiskirchen R. [Efficacy of enteric lecithin (phosphatidylcholine) in the treatment of ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis]. MMW Fortschr Med 2022; 164:3-11. [PMID: 35831742 DOI: 10.1007/s15006-022-0832-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphatidylcholine is an essential component of the intestinal mucus and serves as a protective shield against the ingress of bacteria from the stool. In the intestinal mucus of patients with ulcerative colitis, phosphatidylcholine is reduced by 70%, which makes the intestine susceptible to bacterial inflammation. Local application by administering enteric phosphatidylcholine could compensate for this deficiency. METHOD A summary analysis of three clinical studies published until now with 160 included patients with ulcerative colitis was performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The meta-analysis showed that lecithin enriched with phosphatidylcholine and microencapsulated with Eudragit S-100 significantly improved the remission rate as well as the clinical and endoscopic picture. There was also an improvement in histology and quality of life. All parameters were significantly superior to placebo. The remission achieved was maintained significantly longer with enteric lecithin than with placebo. The side effect profile was identical to the placebo group, which is particularly important for the patients. In complementary medicine, phosphatidylcholine can be seen as protection for the intestines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Stremmel
- Medical Center Baden-Baden, Beethovenstraße 2, 76530, Baden-Baden, Deutschland.
| | - Hüseyin Vural
- Institut für Molekulare Pathobio-chemie, Experimentelle Gentherapie und Klinische Chemie, RWTH Universitätsklinikum Aachen, Aachen, Deutschland
| | - Osman Evliyaoglu
- Institut für Molekulare Pathobio-chemie, Experimentelle Gentherapie und Klinische Chemie, RWTH Universitätsklinikum Aachen, Aachen, Deutschland
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institut für Molekulare Pathobio-chemie, Experimentelle Gentherapie und Klinische Chemie, RWTH Universitätsklinikum Aachen, Aachen, Deutschland
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15
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MUC2 and related bacterial factors: Therapeutic targets for ulcerative colitis. EBioMedicine 2021; 74:103751. [PMID: 34902790 PMCID: PMC8671112 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The mucin2 (MUC2) mucus barrier acts as the first barrier that prevents direct contact between intestinal bacteria and colonic epithelial cells. Bacterial factors related to the MUC2 mucus barrier play important roles in the response to changes in dietary patterns, MUC2 mucus barrier dysfunction, contact stimulation with colonic epithelial cells, and mucosal and submucosal inflammation during the occurrence and development of ulcerative colitis (UC). In this review, these underlying mechanisms are summarized and updated, and related interventions for treating UC, such as dietary adjustment, exogenous repair of the mucus barrier, microbiota transplantation and targeted elimination of pathogenic bacteria, are suggested. Such interventions are likely to induce and maintain a long and stable remission period and reduce or even avoid the recurrence of UC. A better mechanistic understanding of the MUC2 mucus barrier and its related bacterial factors may help researchers and clinicians to develop novel approaches for treating UC.
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