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Chau K, Gauchard G, Belbraouet S, Perrin P, Chau N. Association of School Health Relationship Difficulties with Lack of Regular Physical Activity in Younger Adolescents: A Population Based Study. Psychiatry 2023; 86:229-248. [PMID: 37348079 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2023.2222639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Lack of regular physical activity (LPA) and the number of days/week with physical activity >60 minutes/day (Ndw) may be associated with school-health-relational difficulties (SHRDs) during the life-course. This study assessed their associations and the confounding role of socioeconomic features (nationality, family structure, parents' education/occupation/income) among younger adolescents. Methods: This cross-sectional population-based study included 1,559 middle-school adolescents from north-eastern France (10-18 years, 98% under 16 years, 778 boys and 781 girls). They completed over one-hour teaching period a questionnaire collecting last-12-month LPA and last-7-day Ndw (dependent variables), and risk factors including socioeconomic features, SHRDs (previous grade repetitions, last-12-month poor general health status/physical health/psychological health/social-relationships, depressive symptoms (and age at onset and duration from onset); cumulated number noted SHRDcn). Data were analyzed using logistic/linear regression models. Results: LPA was common (32.5%) and associated with all SHRDs (sex-age-adjusted odds ratio saOR reaching 1.99, p < .001) and depressive-symptoms duration (saOR 1.63 (p < .05) and 2.11 (p < .001) for 1-2 and ≥3 years, respectively, vs. no depressive symptoms). A dose-effect association was found between SHRDcn and LPA (24.0, 33.7, 45.6, and 53.5%; saOR 1.59, 2.58, and 3.43; for SHRDcn 1-2, 3-4, and ≥5 respectively, vs. SHRDcn = 0, p < .001). Ndw was similarly associated with all SHRDs and SHRDcn (sex-age-adjusted regression coefficient reaching -1.10 day/week, p < .001). These results were robust when controlling for socioeconomic features (18%
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Bernabe-Ortiz A, Mendoza-Quispe D, Jimenez MM, Ugaz ME, Rojas-Dávila CE. Quantifying the childhood and adolescent overnutrition attributable to specific risk factors: The Young Lives Study in Peru. Pediatr Obes 2023; 18:e13002. [PMID: 36646441 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Launching priority actions demand a comprehensive appraisal of the size effect that risk factors have on the burden of overweight and obesity. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents, with special emphasis on the role of specific risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Secondary analysis of data from the younger cohort of the Young Lives Study in Peru (2002-2017). The outcomes were: overweight and obesity, defined by the World Health Organization standards; whereas the exposures included caesarean birth, physical activity levels, sodas and sugar-sweetened beverages consumption, snacks consumption, and maternal body mass index (BMI). We used multilevel Poisson regression models, considering the repetitive nature of data, to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and population attributable fractions (PAFs). RESULTS A total of 2052 children, mean age 1 (SD 0.4) year, and 50% girls, were enrolled at baseline. After 14 (SD 0.5) years of follow-up, the incidence of overweight and obesity were 7.9 (95% CI 7.6-8.2) and 2.2 (95% CI 2.0-2.4) per 100 person-year, respectively. Maternal BMI (IRRs 3.51; PAF 31.8%), low physical activity (IRR 1.64; PAF 27.4%), caesarean birth (IRR 1.63; PAF 11.4%), almost daily snack consumption (IRR 1.60; PAF 32.1%), and almost daily consumption of sweetened beverages (IRR 1.47; PAF 26.0%) increased the risk of developing obesity. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence on the risk of overweight and obesity attributable to diet habits, physical activity and the obesogenic niche among children and adolescents in Peru, which may guide the implementation of evidence-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,School of Health Sciences, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
| | - Daniel Mendoza-Quispe
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - M Michelle Jimenez
- United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), Lima, Peru
| | - María Elena Ugaz
- United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), Lima, Peru
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Tong Z, Kong Z, Jia X, Yu J, Sun T, Zhang Y. Spatial Heterogeneity and Regional Clustering of Factors Influencing Chinese Adolescents' Physical Fitness. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3836. [PMID: 36900845 PMCID: PMC10001620 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
There is often significant spatial heterogeneity in the factors influencing physical fitness in adolescents, yet less attention has been paid to this in established studies. Based on the 2018 Chinese National Student Physical Fitness Standard Test data, this study uses a multi-scale, geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model combined with a K-means clustering algorithm to construct a spatial regression model of the factors influencing adolescent physical fitness, and to investigate the degree of spatial variation in the physical fitness of Chinese adolescents from a socio-ecological perspective of health promotion. The following conclusions were drawn: the performance of the youth physical fitness regression model was significantly improved after taking spatial scale and heterogeneity into account. At the provincial scale, the non-farm output, average altitude, and precipitation of each region were strongly related to youth physical fitness, and each influencing factor generally showed a banded spatial heterogeneity pattern, which can be summarized into four types: N-S, E-W, NE-SW, and SE-NW. From the perspective of youth physical fitness, China can be divided into three regions of influence: the socio-economic-influenced region, mainly including the eastern region and some of the central provinces of China; the natural-environment-influenced region, which mainly includes the northwestern part of China and some provinces in the highland region; and the multi-factor joint-influenced region, which mainly includes the provinces in the central and northeastern regions of China. Finally, this study provides syndemic suggestions for physical fitness and health promotion for youths in each region.
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Is Participation in Physical Education Classes Related to Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior? A Systematic Review. J Phys Act Health 2022; 19:786-808. [DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background: The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the results and assess the methodological quality of studies that analyzed the relation between physical education participation, physical activity, and sedentary behavior in schoolchildren. Methods: Searches were conducted for original cross-sectional and longitudinal observational studies published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish between January 2007 and August 2020, on the PubMed, Web of Science, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Education Resources Information Center, and Scopus databases. Results: A total of 60 articles (68 independent samples) were included in the revision (58 cross-sectional and 2 longitudinal observational studies). With regard to methodological quality, 27%, 52%, and 21% of the studies were classified as high, moderate, and low methodological quality, respectively. Physical activity was analyzed in 93% of the studies (n = 56) and sedentary behavior in 33% (n = 20). The higher frequency of physical education participation was associated with higher physical activity levels (56 of 68 results – 54/65 cross-sectional and 2/3 longitudinal studies) and less sedentary behavior (14 of 24 results), even after stratifying analyses by type and methodological quality. Conclusion: Physical education class participation may contribute to students being physically more active and less likely to engage in sedentary behavior.
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Fatores associados à qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de adolescentes. ACTA PAUL ENFERM 2022. [DOI: 10.37689/acta-ape/2022ao0189345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Kuzik N, da Costa BGG, Hwang Y, Verswijveren SJJM, Rollo S, Tremblay MS, Bélanger S, Carson V, Davis M, Hornby S, Huang WY, Law B, Salmon J, Tomasone JR, Wachira LJ, Wijndaele K, Saunders TJ. School-related sedentary behaviours and indicators of health and well-being among children and youth: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:40. [PMID: 35382825 PMCID: PMC8979786 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01258-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the associations between school-related sedentary behaviours and indicators of health and well-being in children and youth (~ 5-18 years) attending school. METHODS This review was conducted to inform the development of School-Related Sedentary Behaviour Recommendations. Peer-reviewed, published, or in-press articles in English were included. Reviews, meta-analyses, and case studies were excluded; all other study designs were eligible. Further, articles had to meet the a priori study criteria for population, intervention, comparator (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021227600). Embase, MEDLINE® ALL, and PsycINFO were searched. Risk of bias was assessed for individual experimental studies using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool, and in observational studies based on the GRADE framework and in line with previous systematic reviews examining sedentary behaviours in children. Overall quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE framework for each outcome category and study design. Results were synthesized narratively, grouped by study design and outcome category. Further, several high-level summaries were conducted to help interpret results. RESULTS Evidence was synthesized from 116 reports, including 1,385,038 participants and 1173 extracted associations. More school-related sedentary behaviour was favourably associated with nearly one-third of extracted associations for cognitive (33%) and social-emotional (32%) indicators (e.g., less anxiety), but unfavourably associated with other movement behaviours (e.g., less physical activity) (35%). Active lessons were favourable (72%), compared to more school-related sedentary behaviours, when examining associations for all health and well-being indicators. More homework was favourable across all health and well-being indicators in 4% of extracted associations for primary school children, and 25% of extracted associations for secondary school children. However, ≥2 h/day of homework appeared to be unfavourable for health and well-being. Limitations for synthesized studies included generally low quality of evidence and a lack of studies in South American, African, or low-middle income countries. CONCLUSIONS Findings can help inform policy makers, schools, and teachers, regarding the amount of homework assigned and the introduction of active lessons into the classroom to enhance health and well-being of children. More research is needed examining school-related sedentary behaviours and indicators of health and well-being in low- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Kuzik
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada. .,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Bruno G. G. da Costa
- grid.260989.c0000 0000 8588 8547School of Physical & Health Education, Nipissing University, North Bay, Canada
| | - Yeongho Hwang
- grid.17089.370000 0001 2190 316XFaculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Simone J. J. M. Verswijveren
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Scott Rollo
- grid.414148.c0000 0000 9402 6172Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada ,grid.28046.380000 0001 2182 2255Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mark S. Tremblay
- grid.414148.c0000 0000 9402 6172Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada ,grid.28046.380000 0001 2182 2255Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada ,grid.34428.390000 0004 1936 893XDepartment of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Stacey Bélanger
- grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médicine, Université de Montréal and CHU Sainte Justine, CIRENE (Centre Intégré du Réseau en Neurodéveloppement de L’Enfant), Montréal, Quebec Canada
| | - Valerie Carson
- grid.17089.370000 0001 2190 316XFaculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Melanie Davis
- Physical and Health Education (PHE) Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Susan Hornby
- Pan-Canadian Joint Consortium for School Health (JCSH), Summerside, Canada
| | - Wendy Yajun Huang
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Barbi Law
- grid.260989.c0000 0000 8588 8547School of Physical & Health Education, Nipissing University, North Bay, Canada
| | - Jo Salmon
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Jennifer R. Tomasone
- grid.410356.50000 0004 1936 8331School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Lucy-Joy Wachira
- grid.9762.a0000 0000 8732 4964Physical Education, Exercise and Sports Science, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Katrien Wijndaele
- grid.5335.00000000121885934MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Travis J. Saunders
- grid.139596.10000 0001 2167 8433Department of Applied Human Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada
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Santos C, Bustamante A, Vasconcelos O, Pereira S, Garganta R, Lightfoot JT, Tani G, Hedeker D, Katzmarzyk PT, Maia J. Sibling Resemblances in Physical Fitness in Three Distinct Regions in Peru: The Peruvian Sibling Study on Growth and Health. Behav Genet 2022; 52:195-204. [PMID: 35083627 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-022-10099-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We estimated sibling resemblance in health-related physical fitness (PF) and examined how individual characteristics and shared natural environment accounted for sibling similarities. The sample comprised 656 sibling pairs and 102 triplets (6-15 years of age), from three geographical areas of Peru. PF components included morphological (waist circumference, sum of skinfolds), muscular (handgrip strength, standing long jump), and motor (shuttle-run). Body mass index (BMI) and somatic maturation were also assessed. In general, sibling intraclass correlations differed significantly across sib-ship types for waist circumference and handgrip strength but were the same for sum of skinfolds, standing long jump, and shuttle-run. Further, in general, both individual characteristics and geographical area of residence significantly influenced the magnitude of sibling resemblance as well as the mean levels of PF. In conclusion, individual characteristics and shared natural environment jointly influenced the expression of PF in Peruvian siblings, revealing the importance of these features when designing individualized programs promoting fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Santos
- CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Alcibíades Bustamante
- School of Physical Education and Sports, National University of Education Enrique Guzmán Y Valle, 60637 La Cantuta, Lurigancho-Chosica, 15472, Peru
| | - Olga Vasconcelos
- CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Pereira
- CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal.,CIDEFES, Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui Garganta
- CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
| | - J Timothy Lightfoot
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Go Tani
- School of Physical Education and Sports, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Donald Hedeker
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter T Katzmarzyk
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - José Maia
- CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
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Biological and environmental influences on motor coordination in Peruvian children and adolescents. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15444. [PMID: 34326455 PMCID: PMC8322406 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95075-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the associations between biological and environmental factors and gross-motor coordination (GMC) in Peruvian children and adolescents. The sample comprised 7401 boys and girls, aged 6-14 years, recruited from three geographical regions: sea-level, Amazon and high-altitude. Biological variables included age, sex, height, BMI, physical fitness, stunting, and maturational status. Environmental influences included geographical region and school characteristics. Gross-motor coordination was tested with the Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder and the data analyzed by multilevel logistic regression. Results showed a high prevalence of below normal GMC scores. Sex, age, geographical area, biological maturation, BMI (normal versus overweight/obesity), and stunting were all significant predictors of GMC. There was also an interaction between age, sex, and geographical area indicating that older girls who lived at sea-level and high-altitude were more likely to display below normal GMC scores. The school context was less important in predicting GMC problems than the interplay between biological characteristics and geographical region. These results suggest that early identification, as well as educational and pediatric care interventions, are of importance in reducing below normal GMC among Peruvian children and adolescents.
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Alizadeh A, Negarandeh R, Bagheri Amiri F, Yazdani Z. The study of Iranian children and adolescents' physical activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2021; 33:65-74. [PMID: 33851798 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2020-0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This systematic and meta-analysis review was conducted to determine the status of Iranian children and adolescents' physical activity. CONTENT All the related articles which were published in the major databases, including Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Magiran, SID from the beginning of 2010 to the end of 2019, were reviewed by researchers. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was also used to evaluate the quality of articles. Moreover, I 2 index and chi-square were used to assess the heterogeneity between the results. SUMMARY 490 articles were found as a result of the search in the selected international and local databases, where finally, 10 articles were included into the meta-analysis after the elimination of the duplicated articles and applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results indicated that 29.5% of the girls were considered active according to WHO criteria (16.1-42.8: 95% CI) and also 20.5% of the boys (7.3-33.7: 95% CI). OUTLOOK Overall, this study's findings showed that a large percentage of Iranian children and adolescents do not achieve the level of physical activity recommended by the World Health Organization. This can lead to undesirable consequences for this group of population that is considered as the human capital of any country; consequently, it seems necessary to take basic measures at the micro and macro levels in order to reduce such problems in the society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Alizadeh
- Department of Community Health and Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Negarandeh
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Nosrat St., Tohid Sq., 1419733171, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimehe Bagheri Amiri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Yazdani
- Department of Community Health and Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lee EJ, So WY, Youn HS, Kim J. Effects of School-Based Physical Activity Programs on Health-Related Physical Fitness of Korean Adolescents: A Preliminary Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18062976. [PMID: 33799424 PMCID: PMC7998220 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18062976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
As adolescents spend the majority of their time focused on exams and assignments, they do not have sufficient time to engage in physical activity; this lack of physical activity is an important public health concern. This study aimed to investigate how school-based physical activity programs affect the health-related physical fitness of adolescents in the Republic of Korea. For this study, a total of 120 high school students participated in a school-based physical activity program that included badminton and table tennis for 15 weeks each (35 min/day, three times a week), with a total of 30 weeks for one academic year. The parameters for health-related physical fitness measured muscle strength (handgrip strength), power (standing long jump), cardiorespiratory fitness (shuttle run test), flexibility (sit and reach), body mass index (BMI), and the total score. The results revealed a statistically significant improvement in muscle strength (p < 0.001), power (p < 0.001), cardiorespiratory fitness (p < 0.001), flexibility (p = 0.005), and the overall health-related physical fitness score (p = 0.001). However, students’ BMI showed no significant difference before and after participation (p = 0.825). The results of this study indicated that school-based physical activity programs can have a positive effect on the health-related physical fitness of adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui-Jae Lee
- Department of Physical Education, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea;
| | - Wi-Young So
- Sports Medicine Major, College of Humanities and Arts, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju-si 27469, Korea;
| | - Hyun-Su Youn
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, WonKwang University, Iksan-si 54538, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.-S.Y.); (J.K.); Tel.: +82-63-850-6623 (H.-S.Y.); +82-43-840-3212 (J.K.); Fax: +82-63-850-6666 (H.-S.Y.)
| | - Jooyoung Kim
- Office of Academic Affairs, Konkuk University, Chungju-si 27478, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.-S.Y.); (J.K.); Tel.: +82-63-850-6623 (H.-S.Y.); +82-43-840-3212 (J.K.); Fax: +82-63-850-6666 (H.-S.Y.)
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Hernández-Vásquez A, Chacón-Torrico H, Vargas-Fernández R, Bendezu-Quispe G, Santero M. Metrics of Ideal Cardiovascular Health are Unequally Distributed between Peruvian Men and Women: Analysis of a National Population-Based Survey in 2017. Int J Prev Med 2020; 11:190. [PMID: 33815714 PMCID: PMC8000168 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_326_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To determine socioeconomic inequalities in cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics among Peruvian adults as well as differences according to sex. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in 26,175 individuals aged 18–65 years using the 2017 Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey. According to the American Heart Association, 5 CVH metrics which comprised three ideal health behaviors (diet, non smoking, ideal body mass index [BMI]), and two ideal health factors (ideal blood pressure and no history of diabetes) were evaluated. The concentration curves (CC) methodology was used to analyze whether CVH metrics vary between socioeconomic status and sex. The concentration index (CI) was used to quantify socioeconomic-related inequality in health variables. Results: Overall, the mean age was 36.5 years (SD = 11.9) and 51.2% were women. Only 2.4% had 5 ideal CVH metrics (women 3.7%, men 1.0%) with a CI very close to the equality line (0.0135). (0.0135; higher in women [0.0262], compared to men [0,0002]). A greater prevalence of ideal CHV metrics (3 or more) was found in women (P < 0.001). Ideal health factors were more prevalent (52.1%) than ideal health behaviors (13.8%). Regarding inequality measures, CCs for most CVH metrics had a higher concentration in the lowest wealth population, except for ideal diet, which was more frequent among higher levels of wealth. An ideal BMI was the CVH metric with the lowest CI (overall: −0.0817; men: −0.2699). Conclusions: Peruvian women presented a higher prevalence of ideal CVH metrics and fewer inequalities. Ideal CVH metrics tend to be concentrated in the wealthiest women. Low- and middle-income countries should consider socioeconomic inequalities in cardiovascular disease prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Hernández-Vásquez
- Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Centro de Excelencia en Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales en Salud, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | - Guido Bendezu-Quispe
- Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Lima, Peru
| | - Marilina Santero
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Bratkowski GR, Backes V, Olinto MT, Henn RL. Identification of dietary patterns by principal component analysis in schoolchildren in the South of Brazil and associated factors. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE SAÚDE MATERNO INFANTIL 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-93042020000300005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objectives: to identify dietary patterns (DP) and associated factors in first grade school-children in elementary schools in the South of Brazil. Methods: school-based cross-sectional study, with a non-probabilistic sample of 782 schoolchildren aged 6 to 8. Food intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. DP were identified using the principal component analysis and the prevalence ratios were obtained by Poisson regression with a robust variance. Results: four DP were identified and accounted for 25.3% of the total variance: "fruit, vegetables and fish" (8.5%), "sweets and salty snacks" (7.0%), "dairy, ham and biscuits" (5.0%) and "common Brazilian food" (4.8%). After the adjustment, breakfast habit and lower frequency of meals in front of a screen increased the probability of adherence to a high consumption of DP of "fruit, vegetables and fish". The maternal schooling level was linearly and inversely associated with DP of "sweets and salty snacks" and "common Brazilian food", and positively related to the DP of "dairy, ham and biscuits". Schoolchildren with food inse-curity and sufficiently active had higher probability of adherence to DP of "common Brazilian food". Conclusions: four DP were identified and associated with food insecurity, maternal socioeconomic characteristics and schoolchildren’s behavioral characteristics.
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Seidu AA, Ahinkorah BO, Agbaglo E, Darteh EKM, Ameyaw EK, Budu E, Iddrisu H. Are senior high school students in Ghana meeting WHO's recommended level of physical activity? Evidence from the 2012 Global School-based Student Health Survey Data. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229012. [PMID: 32050008 PMCID: PMC7015424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Physical activity (PA) has both short- and long-term importance. In this study we sought to assess the prevalence and correlates of PA among 1,542 Senior High School (SHS) students. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Ghana among SHS students using the 2012 version of the Ghana Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) data, which utilised two-stage cluster sampling technique. The population for the study comprised SHS students. The outcome variable was physical activity. The data were analysed using STATA version 14.2 for Mac OS. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses were employed. At the bivariate level, Pearson chi-square test between each independent variable and PA was conducted and the level of statistical significance was set at 5%. All the significant variables from the chi-square test were selected for the multivariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, Poisson regression with robust variance was performed to estimate crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (APR). Results It was found that 25.0% (29.0% males and 21.9% females) of SHS students were physically active. Female students (APR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.65, 0.94), students in SHS 2 (APR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.577, 0.941) and SHS3 (APR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.63, 0.93), and those who went hungry (APR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.65, 0.92) were less likely to be physically active compared to males, those in SHS1 and those who did not go hungry respectively. On the other hand, students who actively commuted to school (APR = 2.40, 95% CI = 1.72, 2.42) and got support from their peers were more likely to be physically active (APR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.09–2.41). Conclusion Only a quarter of SHS students who participated in the 2012 version of the GSHS met the WHO’s recommended level of physical activity. Sex, grade/form and experience of hunger are associated with physical activity. Physical activity is a major component of any health promotion program. Policies and programmes targeting improvement in physical activity among SHS students should take these associated factors into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul-Aziz Seidu
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
- * E-mail:
| | - Bright Opoku Ahinkorah
- The Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research (ACPPHR), Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ebenezer Agbaglo
- Department of English, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | | | - Edward Kwabena Ameyaw
- The Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research (ACPPHR), Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Eugene Budu
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Hawa Iddrisu
- Ghana Education Service, Techiman Municipal, Bono East Region, Techiman, Ghana
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Vancampfort D, Van Damme T, Firth J, Smith L, Stubbs B, Rosenbaum S, Hallgren M, Hagemann N, Koyanagi A. Correlates of physical activity among 142,118 adolescents aged 12-15 years from 48 low- and middle-income countries. Prev Med 2019; 127:105819. [PMID: 31445918 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Physical inactivity is a serious public health concern in adolescents from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Despite this, only a few multinational studies has investigated correlates of physical activity (PA) in young adolescents in this part of the world. In this study, we identified physical activity correlates using data from the Global school-based Student Health Survey. In total, 142,118 adolescents from 48 LMICs (age 13.8 ± 1.0 years; 49% girls) were included in the analyses. PA was assessed by the PACE+ Adolescent Physical Activity Measure and participants were dichotomised into those who do (60 min of moderate-vigorous PA every day of the week) and do not comply with the World Health Organization recommendations. We used multivariable logistic regression in order to assess the correlates. The prevalence of low PA was 15.3% (95%CI = 14.5%-16.1%). Boys (OR = 1.64; 95%CI = 1.47-1.83) and those who participated in physical education for ≥5 days/week (OR = 1.12; 95%CI = 1.10-1.15) were more likely to meet PA guidelines, while adolescents with food insecurity (OR = 0.85; 95%CI = 0.80-0.90), low fruit and vegetable intake (OR = 0.68; 95%CI = 0.63-0.74), low parental support/monitoring (OR = 0.68; 95%CI = 0.62-0.74), no friends (OR = 0.80; 95%CI = 0.72-0.88), and who experienced bullying (OR = 0.93; 95%CI = 0.86-0.99) were less likely to have adequate levels of PA. There were a few variations in the correlates depending on country-income level. Our data indicate that in adolescents aged 12 to 15 years living in LMICs physical activity participation is a complex and multi-dimensional behavior determined by sociocultural, socio-economic, and policy-related factors. Longitudinal research is needed to confirm/refute the present findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davy Vancampfort
- KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Kortenberg, Belgium.
| | - Tine Van Damme
- KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joseph Firth
- NICM Health Research Institute, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Australia; Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lee Smith
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom; Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Rosenbaum
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Noemi Hagemann
- KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain
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