1
|
Lu C, Ma Y, Wang J. Lanthanum elicitation on hypocrellin A production in mycelium cultures of Shiraia bambusicola is mediated by ROS generation. J RARE EARTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
2
|
Hsu CP, Lin CH, Kuo CY. Endothelial-cell inflammation and damage by reactive oxygen species are prevented by propofol via ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:978-985. [PMID: 30013438 PMCID: PMC6036153 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.24659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cholesterol efflux efficiency, reactive oxygen species, and inflammation are closely related to cardiovascular diseases. Our aim was to investigate the effect of propofol on cholesterol-loaded rat aortic endothelial cells after high-density lipoprotein treatment in vitro. Methods and Results: The results showed that propofol promoted cholesterol efflux and ameliorated inflammation and reactive oxygen species overproduction according to the analysis of p65 nuclear translocation and a 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate assay, respectively. Conclusions: These results provide a possible explanation for the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cholesterol efflux-promoting effects of propofol on rat aortic endothelial cells after incubation with high-density lipoprotein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Peng Hsu
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Yen Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Chungli, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Hsin Sheng Junior College of Medical Care and Management, Longtan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Affiliation(s)
- Alan M Fogelman
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Srinivasa T Reddy
- Department Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ou ZJ, Chen J, Dai WP, Liu X, Yang YK, Li Y, Lin ZB, Wang TT, Wu YY, Su DH, Cheng TP, Wang ZP, Tao J, Ou JS. 25-Hydroxycholesterol impairs endothelial function and vasodilation by uncoupling and inhibiting endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2016; 311:E781-E790. [PMID: 27600825 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00218.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a key early step in atherosclerosis. 25-Hydroxycholesterol (25-OHC) is found in atherosclerotic lesions. However, whether 25-OHC promotes atherosclerosis is unclear. Here, we hypothesized that 25-OHC, a proinflammatory lipid, can impair endothelial function, which may play an important role in atherosclerosis. Bovine aortic endothelial cells were incubated with 25-OHC. Endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation were measured. Nitric oxide (NO) production and superoxide anion generation were determined. The expression and phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and Akt as well as the association of eNOS and heat shock protein (HSP)90 were detected by immunoblot analysis and immunoprecipitation. Endothelial cell apoptosis was monitored by TUNEL staining and caspase-3 activity, and expression of Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved caspase-3 were detected by immunoblot analysis. Finally, aortic rings from Sprague-Dawley rats were isolated and treated with 25-OHC, and endothelium-dependent vasodilation was evaluated. 25-OHC significantly inhibited endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation. 25-OHC markedly decreased NO production and increased superoxide anion generation. 25-OHC reduced the phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS and the association of eNOS and HSP90. 25-OHC also enhanced endothelial cell apoptosis by decreasing Bcl-2 expression and increasing cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3 expressions as well as caspase-3 activity. 25-OHC impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation. These data demonstrated that 25-OHC could impair endothelial function by uncoupling and inhibiting eNOS activity as well as by inducing endothelial cell apoptosis. Our findings indicate that 25-OHC may play an important role in regulating atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jun Ou
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Jing Chen
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Wei-Ping Dai
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Xiang Liu
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Yin-Ke Yang
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Yan Li
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Ze-Bang Lin
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Tian-Tian Wang
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Ying-Ying Wu
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Dan-Hong Su
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Tian-Pu Cheng
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Zhi-Ping Wang
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Jun Tao
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Jing-Song Ou
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China; and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
XUE XIEHUA, CHEN TONG, WEI WEI, ZHOU XIAOMAO, LIN ZHICHENG, CHEN LIDIAN. Effects of Alisma Decoction on lipid metabolism and inflammatory response are mediated through the activation of the LXRα pathway in macrophage-derived foam cells. Int J Mol Med 2014; 33:971-7. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
6
|
Xia X, Jung D, Webb P, Zhang A, Zhang B, Li L, Ayers SD, Gabbi C, Ueno Y, Gustafsson JÅ, Alpini G, Moore DD, LeSage GD. Liver X receptor β and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ regulate cholesterol transport in murine cholangiocytes. Hepatology 2012; 56:2288-96. [PMID: 22729460 PMCID: PMC3469731 DOI: 10.1002/hep.25919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/03/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Nuclear receptors (NRs) play crucial roles in the regulation of hepatic cholesterol synthesis, metabolism, and conversion to bile acids, but their actions in cholangiocytes have not been examined. In this study, we investigated the roles of NRs in cholangiocyte physiology and cholesterol metabolism and flux. We examined the expression of NRs and other genes involved in cholesterol homeostasis in freshly isolated and cultured murine cholangiocytes and found that these cells express a specific subset of NRs, including liver X receptor (LXR) β and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) δ. Activation of LXRβ and/or PPARδ in cholangiocytes induces ATP-binding cassette cholesterol transporter A1 (ABCA1) and increases cholesterol export at the basolateral compartment in polarized cultured cholangiocytes. In addition, PPARδ induces Niemann-Pick C1-like L1 (NPC1L1), which imports cholesterol into cholangiocytes and is expressed on the apical cholangiocyte membrane via specific interaction with a peroxisome proliferator-activated response element (PPRE) within the NPC1L1 promoter. CONCLUSION We propose that (1) LXRβ and PPARδ coordinate NPC1L1/ABCA1-dependent vectorial cholesterol flux from bile through cholangiocytes and (2) manipulation of these processes may influence bile composition with important applications in cholestatic liver disease and gallstone disease, two serious health concerns for humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Xia
- Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Weill Cornell School of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Dongju Jung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Paul Webb
- The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Weill Cornell School of Medicine, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Aijun Zhang
- The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Weill Cornell School of Medicine, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Bin Zhang
- The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Weill Cornell School of Medicine, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Lifei Li
- The First Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Stephen D. Ayers
- The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Weill Cornell School of Medicine, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Chiara Gabbi
- Center for Nuclear Receptor and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Calhoun Road, Houston TX77004,Karolinska Institutet, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, NOVUM, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yoshiyuki Ueno
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- Center for Nuclear Receptor and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Calhoun Road, Houston TX77004,Karolinska Institutet, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, NOVUM, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gianfranco Alpini
- Scott & White Digestive Diseases Research Center, Temple, TX 76504,Division Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, TX 76504,Department of Medicine, Texas A & M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Temple, TX 76504
| | - David D. Moore
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Gene D. LeSage
- Department of Internal Medicine at East Tennessee State University’s James H. Quillen College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN 37614,Correspondence to: Xuefeng Xia, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, R8-117, Houston, TX 77030, Telephone: 713-441-6665, Fax: 713-793-7162, and Gene LeSage, Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University, VA Bldg. 1, Box 70622, Johnson City, TN 37614, Telephone: 423-439-6282, Fax: 423-439-6387,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mao MJ, Hu JP, Wang C, Zhang YY, Liu P. [Effects of Chinese herbal medicine Guanxinkang on expression of PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1 pathway in ApoE-knockout mice with atherosclerosis]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 10:814-20. [PMID: 22805089 DOI: 10.3736/jcim20120713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of Guanxinkang (GXK) decoction, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), liver X receptor α (LXRα) and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) in apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-knockout mice with atherosclerosis. METHODS Fourteen 6-week-old C57BL/6 J mice were used as normal control group. Seventy 6-week-old ApoE-knockout mice receiving a high-cholesterol diet to induce atherosclerosis were randomly divided into untreated group, simvastatin group and low-dose (concentration of crude drugs at 0.864 g/mL), medium-dose (crude drugs at 1.728 g/mL) and high-dose (crude drugs at 3.456 g/mL) GXK groups. After treated with the drugs for eight weeks continuously, the livers and aortas of mice were separated. The expressions of PPARγ, LXRα and ABCA1 were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting respectively. RESULTS Compared with the normal control group, mRNAs and proteins of PPARγ, LXRα and ABCA1 over-expressed in the untreated group (P<0.05). After the treatment, GXK decoction and simvastatin decreased the expressions of PPARγ, LXRα and ABCA1 (P<0.05). High-dose GXK decoction had more marked effects than low- and medium-dose GXK and simvastatin. CONCLUSION The PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1 pathway is involved in lipid regulation and inflammation activities. Over-expression of the genes has complicated effects on atherosclerosis in ApoE-knockout mice with high-cholesterol diet. GXK decoction has anti-inflammatory and anti-matrix metalloproteinase activities by regulating PPARγ, LXRα and ABCA1 interactions in the ApoE-knockout mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-jiao Mao
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Crooke RM, Graham MJ. Therapeutic potential of antisense oligonucleotides for the management of dyslipidemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.2217/clp.11.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
9
|
Vuletic S, Dong W, Wolfbauer G, Tang C, Albers JJ. PLTP regulates STAT3 and NFκB in differentiated THP1 cells and human monocyte-derived macrophages. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2011; 1813:1917-24. [PMID: 21782857 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2011.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) plays an important role in regulation of inflammation. Previously published studies have shown that PLTP binds, transfers and neutralizes bacterial lipopolysaccharides. In the current study we tested the hypothesis that PLTP can also regulate anti-inflammatory pathways in macrophages. Incubation of macrophage-like differentiated THP1 cells and human monocyte-derived macrophages with wild-type PLTP in the presence or absence of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) or interferon gamma (IFNγ) significantly increased nuclear levels of active signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, pSTAT3(Tyr705) (p<0.01). Similar results were obtained in the presence of a PLTP mutant without lipid transfer activity (PLTP(M159E)), suggesting that PLTP-mediated lipid transfer is not required for activation of the STAT3 pathway. Inhibition of ABCA1 by chemical inhibitor, glyburide, as well as ABCA1 RNA inhibition, reversed the observed PLTP-mediated activation of STAT3. In addition, PLTP reduced nuclear levels of active nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) p65 and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in conditioned media of differentiated THP1 cells and human monocyte-derived macrophages. Our data suggest that PLTP has anti-inflammatory capabilities in macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Vuletic
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nandedkar SD, Weihrauch D, Xu H, Shi Y, Feroah T, Hutchins W, Rickaby DA, Duzgunes N, Hillery CA, Konduri KS, Pritchard KA. D-4F, an apoA-1 mimetic, decreases airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and oxidative stress in a murine model of asthma. J Lipid Res 2010; 52:499-508. [PMID: 21131532 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m012724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is characterized by oxidative stress and inflammation of the airways. Although proinflammatory lipids are involved in asthma, therapies targeting them remain lacking. Ac-DWFKAFYDKVAEKFKEAFNH(2) (4F) is an apolipoprotein (apo)A-I mimetic that has been shown to preferentially bind oxidized lipids and improve HDL function. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of 4F on oxidative stress, inflammation, and airway resistance in an established murine model of asthma. We show here that ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitization increased airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophil recruitment, and collagen deposition in lungs of C57BL/6J mice by a mechanism that could be reduced by 4F. OVA sensitization induced marked increases in transforming growth factor (TGF)β-1, fibroblast specific protein (FSP)-1, anti-T15 autoantibody staining, and modest increases in 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) Michael's adducts in lungs of OVA-sensitized mice. 4F decreased TGFβ-1, FSP-1, anti-T15 autoantibody, and 4-HNE adducts in the lungs of the OVA-sensitized mice. Eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) activity in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF), peripheral eosinophil counts, total IgE, and proinflammatory HDL (p-HDL) were all increased in OVA-sensitized mice. 4F decreased BALF EPO activity, eosinophil counts, total IgE, and p-HDL in these mice. These data indicate that 4F reduces pulmonary inflammation and airway resistance in an experimental murine model of asthma by decreasing oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S D Nandedkar
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children's Research Institute, Zablocki Veterans Administration Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bhattacharjee J, Ietta F, Giacomello E, Bechi N, Romagnoli R, Fava A, Paulesu L. Expression and localization of ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) in first trimester and term human placenta. Placenta 2010; 31:423-30. [PMID: 20338636 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2010.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Revised: 02/22/2010] [Accepted: 02/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) is a membrane transporter which performs cellular efflux of cholesterol and phospholipid. ABCA1's cholesterol transporting role in human placenta appears to be crucial for normal fetal development. Despite the critical importance of cholesterol in fetal development, expression of ABCA1 in the human placenta throughout gestation and its specific cellular localization have not been known yet. We therefore investigated ABCA1 expression in human placenta at first trimester and term by western blot and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. Furthermore, its localization was investigated by immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. Expression of ABCA1 did not differ significantly between first trimester and term placenta at both protein and mRNA levels. Immunohistochemical data demonstrated that ABCA1 was widely localized in the villous and extravillous cytotrophoblast as well as in some stromal and endothelial cells. Confocal microscopy imaging data showed that ABCA1 was localized largely at the basolateral and to some extent at the apical side of first trimester villous cytotrophoblast cell membranes. Placental expression of ABCA1 throughout the gestation and its specific cellular localization indicate that this transporter may play an important role in materno-fetal cholesterol transfer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Bhattacharjee
- Department of Physiology, University of Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Civelek M, Grant GR, Irolla CR, Shi C, Riley RJ, Chiesa OA, Stoeckert CJ, Karanian JW, Pritchard WF, Davies PF. Prelesional arterial endothelial phenotypes in hypercholesterolemia: universal ABCA1 upregulation contrasts with region-specific gene expression in vivo. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2009; 298:H163-70. [PMID: 19897713 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00652.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis originates as focal arterial lesions having a predictable distribution to regions of bifurcations, branches, and inner curvatures where blood flow characteristics are complex. Distinct endothelial phenotypes correlate with regional hemodynamics. We propose that systemic risk factors modify regional endothelial phenotype to influence focal susceptibility to atherosclerosis. Transcript profiles of freshly isolated endothelial cells from three atherosusceptible and three atheroprotected arterial regions in adult swine were analyzed to determine the initial prelesional effects of hypercholesterolemia on endothelial phenotypes in vivo. Cholesterol efflux transporter ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) was upregulated at all sites in response to short-term high-fat diet. Proinflammatory and antioxidative endothelial gene expression profiles were induced in atherosusceptible and atheroprotected regions, respectively. However, markers for endoplasmic reticulum stress, a signature of susceptible endothelial phenotype, were not further enhanced by brief hypercholesterolemia. Both region-specific and ubiquitous (ABCA1) phenotype changes were identified as early prelesional responses of the endothelium to hypercholesterolemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mete Civelek
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wool GD, Reardon CA, Getz GS. Apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptide helix number and helix linker influence potentially anti-atherogenic properties. J Lipid Res 2008; 49:1268-83. [PMID: 18323574 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m700552-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We hypothesize that apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) mimetic peptides better mimicking the punctuated alpha-helical repeats of full-length apoA-I are more anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic. This study compares a monomeric apoA-I mimetic helix to three different tandem helix peptides in vitro: 4F (18 mer), 4F-proline-4F (37 mer, Pro), 4F-alanine-4F (37 mer, Ala), and 4F-KVEPLRA-4F [the human apoA-I 4/5 interhelical sequence (IHS), 43 mer]. All peptides cleared turbid lipid suspensions, with 4F being most effective. In contrast to lipid clearance, tandem peptides were more effective at remodeling mouse HDL. All four peptides displaced apoA-I and apoE from the HDL, leaving a larger particle containing apoA-II and peptide. Peptide-remodeled HDL particles show no deficit in ABCG1 cholesterol efflux despite the loss of the majority of apoA-I. Tandem peptides show greater ability to efflux cholesterol from lipid-loaded murine macrophages, compared with 4F. Although 4F inhibited oxidation of purified mouse LDL, the Ala tandem peptide increased oxidation. We compared several tandem 4F-based peptides with monomeric 4F in assays that correlated with suggested anti-inflammatory/anti-atherogenic pathways. Tandem 4F-based peptides, which better mimic full-length apoA-I, exceed monomeric 4F in HDL remodeling and cholesterol efflux but not LDL oxidation protection. In addition, apoA-I mimetic peptides may increase reverse cholesterol transport through both ABCA1 as well as ABCG1 pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey D Wool
- The University of Chicago, Department of Pathology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
The ability of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) to promote cholesterol efflux is an important component of its ability to protect against cardiovascular disease. In addition, the anti-inflammatory properties of HDL are important as well. As part of the innate immune system, HDL appears to have evolved to increase inflammation in the presence of an acute phase response but to inhibit inflammation in the absence of an acute phase response. In a study of humans with coronary heart disease, it was found that the patients who had proinflammatory HDL prior to statin therapy (and half of them despite a profound decrease in plasma lipids following statin therapy) continued to have proinflammatory HDL. Anti-inflammatory HDL was effective in promoting cholesterol efflux whereas proinflammatory HDL was relatively weak in its ability to promote cholesterol efflux. Oxidative alterations of the main protein of HDL, apolipoprotein A-I, impaired its capacity to promote cholesterol efflux from monocyte macrophages. Therefore, HDL composition, structure, and function appear to be more crucial than HDL cholesterol concentrations in determining risk for cardiovascular disorders.
Collapse
|
15
|
Geeraert B, De Keyzer D, Davey PC, Crombé F, Benhabilès N, Holvoet P. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced expression of ABCA1 in blood monocytes precedes coronary atherosclerosis and is associated with plaque complexity in hypercholesterolemic pigs. J Thromb Haemost 2007; 5:2529-36. [PMID: 17922810 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02786.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) is associated with atherosclerosis and high cardiovascular risk. Previously, we identified 18 genes in coronary plaque macrophages of hypercholesterolemic pigs that correlated with plaque oxLDL. OBJECTIVE To determine which of these genes were differentially expressed in blood monocytes and correlated with blood and plaque oxLDL and with plaque complexity. METHODS RNA expression in monocytes of 27 hypercholesterolemic and 12 control pigs was analyzed with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Five of 12 genes with detectable expression in monocytes were overexpressed (at P < 0.01 level) in blood monocytes of hypercholesterolemic pigs: ABCA1, SCD, IRF1, SDC2, and TLR2. ABCA1 RNA expression in blood monocytes correlated with blood oxLDL, and its RNA and protein expression was increased prior to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Higher expression of ABCA1 in monocytes was associated with higher plaque complexity and higher plaque oxLDL. Immunostaining of coronary plaques showed the association of ABCA1 with macrophages, lipids, and oxLDL; ABCA1 protein correlated with plaque oxLDL (R(2) = 0.66; P < 0.0001). In THP-1 monocytes, oxLDL induced ABCA1 expression. OxLDL-induced foam cell generation in THP-1 and human monocyte-derived macrophages was associated with a further increase of ABCA1 expression. CONCLUSIONS The increase of ABCA1 in monocytes in association with blood oxLDL prior to atherosclerotic lesion formation and the association of higher ABCA1 with higher plaque complexity suggests that ABCA1 is an early biomarker of atherosclerosis. Studies in humans are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Geeraert
- Atherosclerosis and Metabolism Unit, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Albrecht C, Soumian S, Tetlow N, Patel P, Sullivan MHF, Lakasing L, Nicolaides K, Williamson C. Placental ABCA1 Expression is Reduced in Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome Compared to Pre-eclampsia and Controls. Placenta 2007; 28:701-8. [PMID: 17113147 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2006.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2006] [Revised: 07/31/2006] [Accepted: 10/02/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) mediates cellular cholesterol and phospholipid efflux, and is implicated in phosphatidylserine translocation and apoptosis. Loss of functional ABCA1 in null mice results in severe placental malformation. This study aimed to establish the placental localisation of ABCA1 and to investigate whether ABCA1 expression is altered in placentas from pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia and antiphospholipid syndrome. ABCA1 mRNA and protein localisation studies were carried out using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Comparisons of gene expression were performed using real-time PCR and immunoblotting. ABCA1 mRNA and protein was localised to the apical syncytium of placental villi and endothelia of fetal blood vessels within the villi. ABCA1 mRNA expression was reduced in placentas from women with APS when compared to controls (p<0.001), and this was paralleled by reductions in ABCA1 protein expression. There were no differences in ABCA1 expression between placentas from pre-eclamptic pregnancies and controls. The localisation of ABCA1 in human placenta is consistent with a role in cholesterol and phospholipid transport. The decrease in ABCA1 protein in APS may reflect reduced cholesterol transport to the fetus affecting the formation of cell membranes and decreasing the level of substrate available for steroidogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Albrecht
- MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pasdar A, Yadegarfar G, Cumming A, Whalley L, St Clair D, MacLeod MJ. The effect of ABCA1 gene polymorphisms on ischaemic stroke risk and relationship with lipid profile. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2007; 8:30. [PMID: 17553166 PMCID: PMC1894956 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-8-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2006] [Accepted: 06/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Ischaemic stroke is a common disorder with genetic and environmental components contributing to overall risk. Atherothromboembolic abnormalities, which play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of ischaemic stroke, are often the end result of dysregulation of lipid metabolism. The ATP Binding Cassette Transporter (ABCA1) is a key gene involved in lipid metabolism. It encodes the cholesterol regulatory efflux protein which mediates the transfer of cellular phospholipids and cholesterol to acceptor apolipoproteins such as apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I). Common polymorphisms in this gene affect High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) and Apolipoprotein A-I levels and so influence the risk of atherosclerosis. This study has assessed the distribution of ABCA1 polymorphisms and haplotype arrangements in patients with ischaemic stroke and compared them to an appropriate control group. It also examined the relationship of these polymorphisms with serum lipid profiles in cases and controls. Methods We studied four common polymorphisms in ABCA1 gene: G/A-L158L, G/A-R219K, G/A-G316G and G/A-R1587K in 400 Caucasian ischaemic stroke patients and 487 controls. Dynamic Allele Specific Hybridisation (DASH) was used as the genotyping assay. Results Genotype and allele frequencies of all polymorphisms were similar in cases and controls, except for a modest difference in the ABCA1 R219K allele frequency (P-value = 0.05). Using the PHASE2 program, haplotype frequencies for the four loci (158, 219, 316, and 1587) were estimated in cases and controls. There was no significant difference in overall haplotypes arrangement in patients group compared to controls (p = 0.27). 2211 and 1211 haplotypes (1 = common allele, 2 = rare allele) were more frequent in cases (p = 0.05). Adjusted ORs indicated 40% and 46% excess risk of stroke for these haplotypes respectively. However, none of the adjusted ORs were statistically significant. Individuals who had R219K "22" genotype had a higher LDL level (p = 0.001). Conclusion Our study does not support a major role for the ABCA1 gene as a risk factor for ischaemic stroke. Some haplotypes may confer a minor amount of increased risk or protection. Polymorphisms in this gene may influence serum lipid profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ghasem Yadegarfar
- Public Health Sciences & Medical Statistics Group, University of Southhampton, UK
| | - Alastair Cumming
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Aberdeen, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Reddy ST, Anantharamaiah GM, Navab M, Hama S, Hough G, Grijalva V, Garber DW, Datta G, Fogelman AM. Oral amphipathic peptides as therapeutic agents. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2006; 15:13-21. [PMID: 16370930 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.15.1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol can promote inflammation by its ability to stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species that result in the formation of pro-inflammatory oxidised phospholipids. High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are part of the innate immune response and can be either pro- or anti-inflammatory independently of plasma HDL-cholesterol levels. During systemic inflammation as occurs with atherosclerosis, Apolipoprotein A-I can be altered, reducing its ability to promote reverse cholesterol transport and HDL can become pro-inflammatory. Amphipathic peptides with either a class A amphipathic helix (D-4F) or a class G* amphipathic helix (D-[113-122]apoJ), or even those that are too small to form a helix (KRES and FREL) have some similar characteristics. Their interaction with lipids leads to a reduction in lipoprotein-lipid hydroperoxides that releases HDL-associated antioxidant enzymes, such as paraoxonase, therefore providing antiatherosclerosis and anti-inflammatory activity. In addition, the peptide D-4F stimulates the formation and cycling of pre-beta HDL. These amphipathic peptides appear to have therapeutic potential as oral agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa T Reddy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095-1679, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Navab M, Anantharamaiah GM, Reddy ST, Van Lenten BJ, Datta G, Garber D, Fogelman AM. Potential clinical utility of high-density lipoprotein-mimetic peptides. Curr Opin Lipidol 2006; 17:440-4. [PMID: 16832169 DOI: 10.1097/01.mol.0000236371.27508.d4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To determine the potential clinical utility of high-density lipoprotein-mimetic peptides. RECENT FINDINGS Oral administration of D-4F together with pravastatin caused lesion regression in old apoE null mice. Administration of D-4F to low-density lipoprotein receptor null mice fed a Western diet reduced the association of myeloperoxidase with apoA-I and reduced the 3-nitrotyrosine content of apoA-I. Oral D-4F improved arterial vasoreactivity independent of apoA-I. Mice genetically lacking apoA-I showed significant improvement in vasoreactivity but, in contrast to mice with apoA-I, did not demonstrate reduced arterial wall thickness after D-4F treatment. In a rat model of diabetes, D-4F administration induced heme oxygenase-1 and extracellular superoxide dismutase, prevented endothelial sloughing, and dramatically improved arterial vasoreactivity. A peptide with 10 D-amino acid residues taken from the sequence of apoJ rendered high-density lipoprotein anti-inflammatory in mice and monkeys, and dramatically reduced atherosclerosis in apoE null mice. Oral administration of tetrapeptides synthesized from either L-amino acids or D-amino acids rendered high-density lipoprotein anti-inflammatory in mice and monkeys, and reduced atherosclerosis in apoE null mice. SUMMARY Peptides that sequester lipoprotein lipid hydroperoxides release a series of high-density lipoprotein-associated antioxidant enzymes such as paraoxonase from inhibition and protect apoA-I from oxidative damage that would impair cholesterol efflux.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Navab
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Cuchel
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gerbod-Giannone MC, Li Y, Holleboom A, Han S, Hsu LC, Tabas I, Tall AR. TNFalpha induces ABCA1 through NF-kappaB in macrophages and in phagocytes ingesting apoptotic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:3112-7. [PMID: 16492740 PMCID: PMC1413897 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0510345103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2005] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) signaling in vascular cells can have antiatherogenic consequences, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. TNFalpha is released by free cholesterol-loaded apoptotic macrophages, and the clearance of these cells by phagocytic macrophages may help to limit plaque development. Macrophage cholesterol uptake induces ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCA1 promoting cholesterol efflux to apolipoprotein A-I and reducing atherosclerosis. We show that TNFalpha induces ABCA1 mRNA and protein in control and cholesterol-loaded macrophages and enhances cholesterol efflux to apolipoprotein A-I. The induction of ABCA1 by TNFalpha is reduced by 65% in IkappaB kinase beta-deficient macrophages and by 30% in p38alpha-deficient macrophages, but not in jun kinase 1 (JNK1)- or JNK2-deficient macrophages. To evaluate the potential pathophysiological significance of these observations, we fed TNFalpha-secreting free cholesterol-loaded apoptotic macrophages to a healthy macrophage monolayer (phagocytes). ABCA1 mRNA and protein were markedly induced in the phagocytes, a response that was mediated both by TNFalpha signaling and by liver X receptor activation. Thus, TNFalpha signals primarily through NF-kappaB to induce ABCA1 expression in macrophages. In atherosclerotic plaques, this process may help phagocytic macrophages to efflux excess lipids derived from the ingestion of cholesterol-rich apoptotic corpses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yankun Li
- *Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032; and
| | - Adriaan Holleboom
- *Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032; and
| | - Seongah Han
- *Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032; and
| | - Li-Chung Hsu
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Center, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Ira Tabas
- *Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032; and
| | - Alan R. Tall
- *Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032; and
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ou J, Wang J, Xu H, Ou Z, Sorci-Thomas MG, Jones DW, Signorino P, Densmore JC, Kaul S, Oldham KT, Pritchard KA. Effects of D-4F on vasodilation and vessel wall thickness in hypercholesterolemic LDL receptor-null and LDL receptor/apolipoprotein A-I double-knockout mice on Western diet. Circ Res 2005; 97:1190-7. [PMID: 16224061 PMCID: PMC1480357 DOI: 10.1161/01.res.0000190634.60042.cb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Previously we showed L-4F, a novel apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) mimetic, improved vasodilation in 2 dissimilar models of vascular disease: hypercholesterolemic LDL receptor-null (Ldlr(-/-)) mice and transgenic sickle cell disease mice. Here we determine the mechanisms by which D-4F improves vasodilation and arterial wall thickness in hypercholesterolemic Ldlr(-/-) mice and Ldlr(-/-)/apoA-I null (apoA-I(-/-)), double-knockout mice. Ldlr(-/-) and Ldlr(-/-)/apoA-I(-/-) mice were fed Western diet (WD) with and without D-4F. Oral D-4F restored endothelium- and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS)-dependent vasodilation in direct relationship to duration of treatments and reduced wall thickness in as little as 2 weeks in vessels with preexisting disease in Ldlr(-/-) mice. D-4F had no effect on total or HDL cholesterol concentrations but reduced proinflammatory HDL levels. D-4F had no effect on plasma myeloperoxidase concentrations but reduced myeloperoxidase association with apoA-I as well as 3-nitrotyrosine in apoA-I. D-4F increased endothelium- and eNOS-dependent vasodilation in Ldlr(-/-)/apoA-I(-/-) mice but did not reduce wall thickness as it had in Ldlr(-/-) mice. Vascular endothelial cells were treated with 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol with and without L-4F. 22(R)-Hydroxycholesterol decreased NO (*NO) and increased superoxide anion (O2*-) production and increased ATP-binding cassette transporter-1 and collagen expression. L-4F restored *NO and O2*- balance, had little effect on ATP-binding cassette transporter-1 expression, but reduced collagen expression. These data demonstrate that although D-4F restores vascular endothelial cell and eNOS function to increase vasodilation, HDL containing apoA-I, or at least some critical concentration of the antiatherogenic lipoprotein, is required for D-4F to decrease vessel wall thickness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingsong Ou
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Departments of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery
- Children’s Research Institute
- Cardiovascular Center, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, China, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery
| | - Jingli Wang
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Departments of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery
- Children’s Research Institute
- Cardiovascular Center, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Hao Xu
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Departments of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery
- Children’s Research Institute
- Cardiovascular Center, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Zhijun Ou
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Departments of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery
- Children’s Research Institute
- Cardiovascular Center, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology
| | - Mary G. Sorci-Thomas
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Deron W. Jones
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Departments of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery
| | - Paul Signorino
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Departments of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery
- Children’s Research Institute
| | - John C. Densmore
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Departments of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery
- Children’s Research Institute
| | - Sushma Kaul
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Departments of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery
| | - Keith T. Oldham
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Departments of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery
- Children’s Research Institute
- Cardiovascular Center, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Kirkwood A. Pritchard
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Departments of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery
- Children’s Research Institute
- Cardiovascular Center, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226
- Please send all correspondence concerning this manuscript to: Kirkwood A. Pritchard Jr., Ph.D., Medical College of Wisconsin, Pediatric Surgery, CRI, CVC, M-4060, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, 414-456-5615,
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Koldamova R, Staufenbiel M, Lefterov I. Lack of ABCA1 considerably decreases brain ApoE level and increases amyloid deposition in APP23 mice. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:43224-35. [PMID: 16207713 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m504513200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1) is a major regulator of cholesterol efflux and high density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism. Mutations in human ABCA1 cause severe HDL deficiencies characterized by the virtual absence of apoA-I and HDL and prevalent atherosclerosis. Recently, it has been reported that the lack of ABCA1 causes a significant reduction of apoE protein level in the brain of ABCA1 knock-out (ABCA1-/-) mice. ApoE isoforms strongly affect Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology and risk. To determine further the effect of ABCA1 on amyloid deposition, we used APP23 transgenic mice in which the human familial Swedish AD mutant is expressed only in neurons. We demonstrated that the targeted disruption of ABCA1 increases amyloid deposition in APP23 mice, and the effect is manifested by an increased level of Abeta immunoreactivity, as well as thioflavine S-positive plaques in brain parenchyma. We found that the lack of ABCA1 also considerably increased the level of cerebral amyloid angiopathy and exacerbated cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related microhemorrhage in APP23/ABCA1-/- mice. Remarkably, the elevation in parenchymal and vascular amyloid in APP23/ABCA1-/- mice was accompanied by a dramatic decrease in the level of soluble brain apoE, although insoluble apoE was not changed. The elevation of insoluble Abeta fraction in old APP23/ABCA1-/- mice, accompanied by a lack of changes in APP processing and soluble beta-amyloid in young APP23/ABCA1-/- animals, supports the conclusion that the ABCA1 deficiency increases amyloid deposition. These results suggest that ABCA1 plays a role in the pathogenesis of parenchymal and cerebrovascular amyloid pathology and thus may be considered a therapeutic target in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radosveta Koldamova
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) mediates the cellular efflux of phospholipids and cholesterol to lipid-poor apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1) and plays a significant role in high density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism. ABCA1's role in the causation of Tangier disease, characterized by absent HDL and premature atherosclerosis, has implicated this transporter and its regulators liver-X-receptoralpha (LXRalpha) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptorgamma (PPARgamma) as new candidates potentially influencing the progression of atherosclerosis. In addition to lipid regulation, these genes are involved in apoptosis and inflammation, processes thought to be central to atherosclerotic plaque progression. A Medline-based review of the literature was carried out. Tangier disease and human heterozygotes with ABCA1 mutations provide good evidence that ABCA1 is a major candidate influencing atherosclerosis. Animal and in vitro experiments suggest that ABCA1 not only mediates cholesterol and phospholipid efflux, but is also involved in the regulation of apoptosis and inflammation. The complex and beneficial interactions between apoA1 and ABCA1 seem to be pivotal for cholesterol efflux. The expression of the ABCA1 is tightly regulated. Furthermore the plaque microenvironment could potentially promote ABCA1 protein degradation thus compromising cholesterol efflux. PPAR-LXR-ABCA1 interactions are integral to cholesterol homeostasis and these nuclear receptors have proven anti-inflammatory and anti-matrix metalloproteinase activity. Therapeutic manipulation of the ABCA1 transporter is feasible using PPAR and LXR agonists. PPAR agonists like glitazones and ABCA1 protein stabilization could potentially modify the clinical progression of atherosclerotic lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Soumian
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Navab M, Ananthramaiah GM, Reddy ST, Van Lenten BJ, Ansell BJ, Hama S, Hough G, Bachini E, Grijalva VR, Wagner AC, Shaposhnik Z, Fogelman AM. The double jeopardy of HDL. Ann Med 2005; 37:173-8. [PMID: 16019715 DOI: 10.1080/07853890510007322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) to promote cholesterol efflux is thought to be important in its protection against cardiovascular disease. Anti-inflammatory properties of HDL have emerged as additional properties that may also be important. HDL appears to have evolved as part of the innate immune system functioning to inhibit inflammation in the absence of an acute phase response (APR) but functioning to increase inflammation in the presence of an APR. Inbred strains of mice that are genetically susceptible to atherosclerosis have pro-inflammatory HDL, while inbred strains that are resistant to atherosclerosis have anti-inflammatory HDL. In one small study, humans with coronary heart disease (CHD) or CHD equivalents had pro-inflammatory HDL prior to statin therapy and about half continued to have pro-inflammatory HDL after statin therapy despite a profound decrease in plasma lipids. Pro-inflammatory HDL was relatively weak in its ability to promote cholesterol efflux while anti-inflammatory HDL was better in promoting cholesterol efflux. In other studies, oxidative alterations of the major protein of HDL, apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), impaired the ability of the apoA-I to promote cholesterol efflux. Thus, HDL structure and function may be more important than HDL-cholesterol levels in predicting risk for cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Navab
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Ansell
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Albrecht C, Soumian S, Amey JS, Sardini A, Higgins CF, Davies AH, Gibbs RGJ. ABCA1 expression in carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Stroke 2004; 35:2801-6. [PMID: 15528463 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.0000147036.07307.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) facilitates cholesterol efflux from cells, a key process in reverse cholesterol transport. Whereas previous investigations focused on mutations causing impaired ABCA1 function, we assessed the role of ABCA1 in human carotid atherosclerotic disease. METHODS We compared the mRNA and protein levels of ABCA1, and one of its key regulators, the liver X receptor alpha (LXRalpha), between minimally and grossly atherosclerotic arterial tissue. We established ABCA1 and LXRalpha gene expression by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 10 control and 18 atherosclerotic specimens. Presence of ABCA1 protein was assessed by immunoblotting. To determine whether differences observed at a local level were reflected in the systemic circulation, we measured ABCA1 mRNA in leukocytes of 10 patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy and 10 controls without phenotypic atherosclerosis. RESULTS ABCA1 and LXRalpha gene expression were significantly elevated in atherosclerotic plaques (P<0.0001 and 0.03, respectively). The increased mRNA levels of ABCA1 and LXRalpha were correlated in atherosclerotic tissue (r=0.85; P<0.0001). ABCA1 protein expression was significantly reduced in plaques compared with control tissues (P<0.0001). There were no differences in leukocyte ABCA1 mRNA expression (P=0.67). CONCLUSIONS ABCA1 gene and protein are expressed in minimally atherosclerotic human arteries. Despite significant upregulation of ABCA1 mRNA, possibly mediated via LXRalpha, ABCA1 protein is markedly reduced in advanced carotid atherosclerotic lesions. No differences in leukocyte ABCA1 expression were found, suggesting the plaque microenvironment may contribute to the differential ABCA1 expression. We propose that the decreased level of ABCA1 protein is a key factor in the development of atherosclerotic lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Albrecht
- MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Navab M, Anantharamaiah GM, Reddy ST, Hama S, Hough G, Grijalva VR, Wagner AC, Frank JS, Datta G, Garber D, Fogelman AM. Oral D-4F causes formation of pre-beta high-density lipoprotein and improves high-density lipoprotein-mediated cholesterol efflux and reverse cholesterol transport from macrophages in apolipoprotein E-null mice. Circulation 2004; 109:3215-20. [PMID: 15197147 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.0000134275.90823.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND These studies were designed to determine the mechanism of action of an oral apolipoprotein (apo) A-I mimetic peptide, D-4F, which previously was shown to dramatically reduce atherosclerosis in mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty minutes after 500 microg of D-4F was given orally to apoE-null mice, small cholesterol-containing particles (CCPs) of 7 to 8 nm with pre-beta mobility and enriched in apoA-I and paraoxonase activity were found in plasma. Before D-4F, both mature HDL and the fast protein liquid chromatography fractions containing the CCPs were proinflammatory. Twenty minutes after oral D-4F, HDL and CCPs became antiinflammatory, and there was an increase in HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux from macrophages in vitro. Oral D-4F also promoted reverse cholesterol transport from intraperitoneally injected cholesterol-loaded macrophages in vivo. In addition, oral D-4F significantly reduced lipoprotein lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), except for pre-beta HDL fractions, in which LOOH increased. CONCLUSIONS The mechanism of action of oral D-4F in apoE-null mice involves rapid formation of CCPs, with pre-beta mobility enriched in apoA-I and paraoxonase activity. As a result, lipoprotein LOOH are reduced, HDL becomes antiinflammatory, and HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux and reverse cholesterol transport from macrophages are stimulated.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Apolipoprotein A-I/pharmacology
- Apolipoprotein A-I/therapeutic use
- Apolipoproteins E/deficiency
- Apolipoproteins E/genetics
- Arteriosclerosis/blood
- Arteriosclerosis/genetics
- Aryldialkylphosphatase/blood
- Biological Transport/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemotaxis/drug effects
- Cholesterol/metabolism
- Coculture Techniques
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
- Female
- High-Density Lipoproteins, Pre-beta
- Humans
- Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/blood
- Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/genetics
- Inflammation
- Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects
- Lipoproteins, HDL/biosynthesis
- Lipoproteins, HDL/blood
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/drug effects
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Monocytes/cytology
- Monocytes/drug effects
- Monocytes/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Navab
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Navab M, Ananthramaiah GM, Reddy ST, Van Lenten BJ, Ansell BJ, Fonarow GC, Vahabzadeh K, Hama S, Hough G, Kamranpour N, Berliner JA, Lusis AJ, Fogelman AM. The oxidation hypothesis of atherogenesis: the role of oxidized phospholipids and HDL. J Lipid Res 2004; 45:993-1007. [PMID: 15060092 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r400001-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 480] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For more than two decades, there has been continuing evidence of lipid oxidation playing a central role in atherogenesis. The oxidation hypothesis of atherogenesis has evolved to focus on specific proinflammatory oxidized phospholipids that result from the oxidation of LDL phospholipids containing arachidonic acid and that are recognized by the innate immune system in animals and humans. These oxidized phospholipids are largely generated by potent oxidants produced by the lipoxygenase and myeloperoxidase pathways. The failure of antioxidant vitamins to influence clinical outcomes may have many explanations, including the inability of vitamin E to prevent the formation of these oxidized phospholipids and other lipid oxidation products of the myeloperoxidase pathway. Preliminary data suggest that the oxidation hypothesis of atherogenesis and the reverse cholesterol transport hypothesis of atherogenesis may have a common biological basis. The levels of specific oxidized lipids in plasma and lipoproteins, the levels of antibodies to these lipids, and the inflammatory/anti-inflammatory properties of HDL may be useful markers of susceptibility to atherogenesis. Apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and apoA-I mimetic peptides may both promote a reduction in oxidized lipids and enhance reverse cholesterol transport and therefore may have therapeutic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Navab
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Datta G, Epand RF, Epand RM, Chaddha M, Kirksey MA, Garber DW, Lund-Katz S, Phillips MC, Hama S, Navab M, Fogelman AM, Palgunachari MN, Segrest JP, Anantharamaiah GM. Aromatic residue position on the nonpolar face of class a amphipathic helical peptides determines biological activity. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:26509-17. [PMID: 15075321 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m314276200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptide 4F (Ac-DWFKAFYDKVAEKFKEAF-NH(2)), with four Phe residues on the nonpolar face of the amphipathic alpha-helix, is strongly anti-inflammatory, whereas two 3F analogs (3F(3) and 3F(14)) are not. To understand how changes in helix nonpolar face structure affect function, two additional 3F analogs, Ac-DKLKAFYDKVFEWAKEAF-NH(2) (3F-1) and Ac-DKWKAVYDKFAEAFKEFL-NH(2) (3F-2), were designed using the same amino acid composition as 3F(3) and 3F(14). The aromatic residues in 3F-1 and 3F-2 are near the polar-nonpolar interface and at the center of the nonpolar face of the helix, respectively. Like 4F, but in contrast to 3F(3) and 3F(14), these peptides effectively inhibited lytic peptide-induced hemolysis, oxidized phospholipid-induced monocyte chemotaxis, and scavenged lipid hydroperoxides from low density lipoprotein. High pressure liquid chromatography retention times and monolayer exclusion pressures indicated that there is no direct correlation of peptide function with lipid affinity. Fluorescence studies suggested that, although the peptides bind phospholipids similarly, the Trp residue in 4F, 3F-1, and 3F-2 is less motionally restricted than in 3F(3) and 3F(14). Based on these results and molecular modeling studies, we propose that the arrangement of aromatic residues in class A amphipathic helical molecules regulates entry of reactive oxygen species into peptide-phospholipid complexes, thereby reducing the extent of monocyte chemotaxis, an important step in atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geeta Datta
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
|