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Guo J, Yang X, Chen J, Wang C, Sun Y, Yan C, Ren S, Xiong H, Xiang K, Zhang M, Li C, Jiang G, Xiang X, Wan G, Jiang T, Kang Y, Xu X, Chen Z, Li W. Exosomal miR-125b-5p derived from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells enhance diabetic hindlimb ischemia repair via targeting alkaline ceramidase 2. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:189. [PMID: 37308908 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01954-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ischemic diseases caused by diabetes continue to pose a major health challenge and effective treatments are in high demand. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived exosomes have aroused broad attention as a cell-free treatment for ischemic diseases. However, the efficacy of exosomes from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC-Exos) in treating diabetic lower limb ischemic injury remains unclear. METHODS Exosomes were isolated from ADSCs culture supernatants by differential ultracentrifugation and their effect on C2C12 cells and HUVECs was assessed by EdU, Transwell, and in vitro tube formation assays separately. The recovery of limb function after ADSC-Exos treatment was evaluated by Laser-Doppler perfusion imaging, limb function score, and histological analysis. Subsequently, miRNA sequencing and rescue experiments were performed to figure out the responsible miRNA for the protective role of ADSC-Exos on diabetic hindlimb ischemic injury. Finally, the direct target of miRNA in C2C12 cells was confirmed by bioinformatic analysis and dual-luciferase report gene assay. RESULTS ADSC-Exos have the potential to promote proliferation and migration of C2C12 cells and to promote HUVECs angiogenesis. In vivo experiments have shown that ADSC-Exos can protect ischemic skeletal muscle, promote the repair of muscle injury, and accelerate vascular regeneration. Combined with bioinformatics analysis, miR-125b-5p may be a key molecule in this process. Transfer of miR-125b-5p into C2C12 cells was able to promote cell proliferation and migration by suppressing ACER2 overexpression. CONCLUSION The findings revealed that miR-125b-5p derived from ADSC-Exos may play a critical role in ischemic muscle reparation by targeting ACER2. In conclusion, our study may provide new insights into the potential of ADSC-Exos as a treatment option for diabetic lower limb ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahe Guo
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaofan Yang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yue Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chengqi Yan
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Sen Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hewei Xiong
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Kaituo Xiang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Maojie Zhang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chengcheng Li
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Guoyong Jiang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xuejiao Xiang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Gui Wan
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yu Kang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhenbing Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Wenqing Li
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518052, China.
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Singh MV, Dokun AO. Diabetes mellitus in peripheral artery disease: Beyond a risk factor. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1148040. [PMID: 37139134 PMCID: PMC10149861 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1148040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is one of the major cardiovascular diseases that afflicts a large population worldwide. PAD results from occlusion of the peripheral arteries of the lower extremities. Although diabetes is a major risk factor for developing PAD, coexistence of PAD and diabetes poses significantly greater risk of developing critical limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) with poor prognosis for limb amputation and high mortality. Despite the prevalence of PAD, there are no effective therapeutic interventions as the molecular mechanism of how diabetes worsens PAD is not understood. With increasing cases of diabetes worldwide, the risk of complications in PAD have greatly increased. PAD and diabetes affect a complex web of multiple cellular, biochemical and molecular pathways. Therefore, it is important to understand the molecular components that can be targeted for therapeutic purposes. In this review, we describe some major developments in enhancing the understanding of the interactions of PAD and diabetes. We also provide results from our laboratory in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu V. Singh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Ayotunde O. Dokun
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Centre, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Correspondence: Ayotunde O. Dokun
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Chen M, Hu R, Cavinato C, Zhuang ZW, Zhang J, Yun S, Fernandez Tussy P, Singh A, Murtada SI, Tanaka K, Liu M, Fernández-Hernando C, Humphrey JD, Schwartz MA. Fibronectin-Integrin α5 Signaling in Vascular Complications of Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 2022; 71:2020-2033. [PMID: 35771994 PMCID: PMC9450851 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Vascular complications are a major cause of illness and death in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Diabetic vascular basement membranes are enriched in fibronectin (FN), an extracellular matrix protein that amplifies inflammatory signaling in endothelial cells through its main receptor, integrin α5β1. Binding of the integrin α5 cytoplasmic domain to phosphodiesterase 4D5 (PDE4D5), which increases phosphodiesterase catalytic activity and inhibits antiinflammatory cAMP signaling, was found to mediate these effects. Here, we examined mice in which the integrin α5 cytoplasmic domain is replaced by that of α2 (integrin α5/2) or the integrin α5 binding site in PDE4D is mutated (PDE4Dmut). T1D was induced via injection of streptozotocin and hyperlipidemia induced via injection of PCSK9 virus and provision of a high-fat diet. We found that in T1D and hyperlipidemia, the integrin α5/2 mutation reduced atherosclerosis plaque size by ∼50%, with reduced inflammatory cell invasion and metalloproteinase expression. Integrin α5/2 T1D mice also had improved blood-flow recovery from hindlimb ischemia and improved biomechanical properties of the carotid artery. By contrast, the PDE4Dmut had no beneficial effects in T1D. FN signaling through integrin α5 is thus a major contributor to diabetic vascular disease but not through its interaction with PDE4D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Chen
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Rui Hu
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cristina Cavinato
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Zhenwu W. Zhuang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Jiasheng Zhang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Sanguk Yun
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Pablo Fernandez Tussy
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Departments of Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Yale Center for Molecular and Systems Metabolism, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Abhishek Singh
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Departments of Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Yale Center for Molecular and Systems Metabolism, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Sae-Il Murtada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Keiichiro Tanaka
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Min Liu
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Departments of Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Yale Center for Molecular and Systems Metabolism, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Jay D. Humphrey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Martin A. Schwartz
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT
- Departments of Cell Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT
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Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Liver Tissues and Serum in db/db Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179687. [PMID: 36077090 PMCID: PMC9455973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects one-quarter of individuals worldwide. Liver biopsy, as the current reliable method for NAFLD evaluation, causes low patient acceptance because of the nature of invasive sampling. Therefore, sensitive non-invasive serum biomarkers are urgently needed. Results: The serum gene ontology (GO) classification and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed the DEPs enriched in pathways including JAK-STAT and FoxO. GO analysis indicated that serum DEPs were mainly involved in the cellular process, metabolic process, response to stimulus, and biological regulation. Hepatic proteomic KEGG analysis revealed the DEPs were mainly enriched in the PPAR signaling pathway, retinol metabolism, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, fatty acid elongation, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, glutathione metabolism, and steroid hormone biosynthesis. GO analysis revealed that DEPs predominantly participated in cellular, biological regulation, multicellular organismal, localization, signaling, multi-organism, and immune system processes. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) implied diverse clusters of the DEPs. Besides, the paralleled changes of the common upregulated and downregulated DEPs existed in both the liver and serum were validated in the mRNA expression of NRP1, MUP3, SERPINA1E, ALPL, and ALDOB as observed in our proteomic screening. Methods: We conducted hepatic and serum proteomic analysis based on the leptin-receptor-deficient mouse (db/db), a well-established diabetic mouse model with overt obesity and NAFLD. The results show differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in hepatic and serum proteomic analysis. A parallel reaction monitor (PRM) confirmed the authenticity of the selected DEPs. Conclusion: These results are supposed to offer sensitive non-invasive serum biomarkers for diabetes and NAFLD.
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Takematsu E, Massidda M, Auster J, Chen PC, Im B, Srinath S, Canga S, Singh A, Majid M, Sherman M, Dunn A, Graham A, Martin P, Baker AB. Transmembrane stem cell factor protein therapeutics enhance revascularization in ischemia without mast cell activation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2497. [PMID: 35523773 PMCID: PMC9076913 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30103-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell factor (SCF) is a cytokine that regulates hematopoiesis and other biological processes. While clinical treatments using SCF would be highly beneficial, these have been limited by toxicity related to mast cell activation. Transmembrane SCF (tmSCF) has differential activity from soluble SCF and has not been explored as a therapeutic agent. We created novel therapeutics using tmSCF embedded in proteoliposomes or lipid nanodiscs. Mouse models of anaphylaxis and ischemia revealed the tmSCF-based therapies did not activate mast cells and improved the revascularization in the ischemic hind limb. Proteoliposomal tmSCF preferentially acted on endothelial cells to induce angiogenesis while tmSCF nanodiscs had greater activity in inducing stem cell mobilization and recruitment to the site of injury. The type of lipid nanocarrier used altered the relative cellular uptake pathways and signaling in a cell type dependent manner. Overall, we found that tmSCF-based therapies can provide therapeutic benefits without off target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Takematsu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Miles Massidda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jeff Auster
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Po-Chih Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - ByungGee Im
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sanjana Srinath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sophia Canga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Aditya Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Marjan Majid
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Michael Sherman
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew Dunn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Annette Graham
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, G4 0BA, Scotland, UK
| | - Patricia Martin
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, G4 0BA, Scotland, UK
| | - Aaron B Baker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- The Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Regenerative Medicine, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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Rustagi Y, Abouhashem AS, Verma P, Verma SS, Hernandez E, Liu S, Kumar M, Guda PR, Srivastava R, Mohanty SK, Kacar S, Mahajan S, Wanczyk KE, Khanna S, Murphy MP, Gordillo GM, Roy S, Wan J, Sen CK, Singh K. Endothelial Phospholipase Cγ2 Improves Outcomes of Diabetic Ischemic Limb Rescue Following VEGF Therapy. Diabetes 2022; 71:1149-1165. [PMID: 35192691 PMCID: PMC9044136 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) replenishment has met with limited success for the management of critical limb-threatening ischemia. To improve outcomes of VEGF therapy, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology to study the endothelial cells of the human diabetic skin. Single-cell suspensions were generated from the human skin followed by cDNA preparation using the Chromium Next GEM Single-cell 3' Kit v3.1. Using appropriate quality control measures, 36,487 cells were chosen for downstream analysis. scRNA-seq studies identified that although VEGF signaling was not significantly altered in diabetic versus nondiabetic skin, phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2) was downregulated. The significance of PLCγ2 in VEGF-mediated increase in endothelial cell metabolism and function was assessed in cultured human microvascular endothelial cells. In these cells, VEGF enhanced mitochondrial function, as indicated by elevation in oxygen consumption rate and extracellular acidification rate. The VEGF-dependent increase in cell metabolism was blunted in response to PLCγ2 inhibition. Follow-up rescue studies therefore focused on understanding the significance of VEGF therapy in presence or absence of endothelial PLCγ2 in type 1 (streptozotocin-injected) and type 2 (db/db) diabetic ischemic tissue. Nonviral topical tissue nanotransfection technology (TNT) delivery of CDH5 promoter-driven PLCγ2 open reading frame promoted the rescue of hindlimb ischemia in diabetic mice. Improvement of blood flow was also associated with higher abundance of VWF+/CD31+ and VWF+/SMA+ immunohistochemical staining. TNT-based gene delivery was not associated with tissue edema, a commonly noted complication associated with proangiogenic gene therapies. Taken together, our study demonstrates that TNT-mediated delivery of endothelial PLCγ2, as part of combination gene therapy, is effective in diabetic ischemic limb rescue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashika Rustagi
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Ahmed S. Abouhashem
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Sharkia Clinical Research Department, Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Priyanka Verma
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Sumit S. Verma
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Edward Hernandez
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Sheng Liu
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Manishekhar Kumar
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Poornachander R. Guda
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Rajneesh Srivastava
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Sujit K. Mohanty
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Sedat Kacar
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Sanskruti Mahajan
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Kristen E. Wanczyk
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Savita Khanna
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Michael P. Murphy
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Gayle M. Gordillo
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Sashwati Roy
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Jun Wan
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Chandan K. Sen
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Kanhaiya Singh
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
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Hess DA, Verma S, Bhatt D, Bakbak E, Terenzi DC, Puar P, Cosentino F. Vascular repair and regeneration in cardiometabolic diseases. Eur Heart J 2021; 43:450-459. [PMID: 34849704 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic cardiometabolic assaults during type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity induce a progenitor cell imbalance in the circulation characterized by overproduction and release of pro-inflammatory monocytes and granulocytes from the bone marrow alongside aberrant differentiation and mobilization of pro-vascular progenitor cells that generate downstream progeny for the coordination of blood vessel repair. This imbalance can be detected in the peripheral blood of individuals with established T2D and severe obesity using multiparametric flow cytometry analyses to discern pro-inflammatory vs. pro-angiogenic progenitor cell subsets identified by high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity, a conserved progenitor cell protective function, combined with lineage-restricted cell surface marker analyses. Recent evidence suggests that progenitor cell imbalance can be reversed by treatment with pharmacological agents or surgical interventions that reduce hyperglycaemia or excess adiposity. In this state-of-the-art review, we present current strategies to assess the progression of pro-vascular regenerative cell depletion in peripheral blood samples of individuals with T2D and obesity and we summarize novel clinical data that intervention using sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibition or gastric bypass surgery can efficiently restore cell-mediated vascular repair mechanisms associated with profound cardiovascular benefits in recent outcome trials. Collectively, this thesis generates a compelling argument for early intervention using current pharmacological agents to prevent or restore imbalanced circulating progenitor content and maintain vascular regenerative cell trafficking to sites of ischaemic damage. This conceptual advancement may lead to the design of novel therapeutic approaches to prevent or reverse the devastating cardiovascular comorbidities currently associated with T2D and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Hess
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 3J3, Canada.,Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada.,Molecular Medicine Research Laboratories, Krembil Centre for Stem Cells Biology, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, ON N6H 0E8, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, ON N6H 0E8, Canada
| | - Subodh Verma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 3J3, Canada.,Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 3J3, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 3J3, Canada
| | - Deepak Bhatt
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ehab Bakbak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 3J3, Canada.,Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Daniella C Terenzi
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 3J3, Canada
| | - Pankaj Puar
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Francesco Cosentino
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm SE171 77, Sweden
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8
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Wei Y, Chen H, Chi Q, He Y, Mu L, Liu C, Lu Y. Synchronized research on endothelial dysfunction and microcirculation structure in dorsal skin of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Med Biol Eng Comput 2021; 59:1151-1166. [PMID: 33914219 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-021-02363-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore changes in the microvascular tone as measured by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and the microcirculation structure of the dorsal skin of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The diabetic rat model was induced by a diet of high-sugar and high-lipid fodder combined with the injection of streptozotocin into the abdominal cavity. Depending on the interval between the development of diabetes and the experiments, the diabetic rats were subdivided into three groups. The evaluation of microvascular tone was based on the amplitude responses of the LDF signal fluctuations in the appropriate frequency range in the dorsal skin of the rats during a thermal test (at 42 °C). The nitric oxide (NO) level in plasma was also used as a marker of endothelial dysfunction. Changes in the microcirculation structure in the diabetic rats were estimated by measuring the microvascular density in the choke vessels of the dorsal skin of the rats. The experimental results with respect to red blood cell (RBC)-related parameters showed decreased hematocrit and hemoglobin levels and increased standard deviation of the width of the RBC distribution in three diabetic rats. The increasing fluctuation amplitudes diminished in the endothelial frequency range in response to the thermal test and this was accompanied by abnormal NO levels in plasma of the diabetic groups as compared with healthy rats. A significant reduction in the microvascular density of the choke vessels of the dorsal skin was found only in the diabetic group at the most advanced stage of diabetes in this experiment. Thus, we suggest that endothelial dysfunction occurs in diabetic rats and changes in the microcirculation structure of the dorsal skin occur in a later stage of diabetes development. A. Photograph of measurement method by using a LDF probe and heating device in the dorsal skin of the rat. B. Dorsal skin LDF signals of a healthy rat during the thermal stimuli test. (a) Blood flow signal record for the test. Wavelet filtration of blood flow signal in (b) myogenic range, (c) neurogenic range, and (d) endothelial range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Wei
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Huimin Chen
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Qingzhuo Chi
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Ying He
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Lizhong Mu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yunxia Lu
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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9
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Mercier C, Rousseau M, Geraldes P. Growth Factor Deregulation and Emerging Role of Phosphatases in Diabetic Peripheral Artery Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 7:619612. [PMID: 33490120 PMCID: PMC7817696 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.619612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease is caused by atherosclerosis of lower extremity arteries leading to the loss of blood perfusion and subsequent critical ischemia. The presence of diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor that greatly increases the incidence, the progression and the severity of the disease. In addition to accelerated disease progression, diabetic patients are also more susceptible to develop serious impairment of their walking abilities through an increased risk of lower limb amputation. Hyperglycemia is known to alter the physiological development of collateral arteries in response to ischemia. Deregulation in the production of several critical pro-angiogenic factors has been reported in diabetes along with vascular cell unresponsiveness in initiating angiogenic processes. Among the multiple molecular mechanisms involved in the angiogenic response, protein tyrosine phosphatases are potent regulators by dephosphorylating pro-angiogenic tyrosine kinase receptors. However, evidence has indicated that diabetes-induced deregulation of phosphatases contributes to the progression of several micro and macrovascular complications. This review provides an overview of growth factor alterations in the context of diabetes and peripheral artery disease, as well as a description of the role of phosphatases in the regulation of angiogenic pathways followed by an analysis of the effects of hyperglycemia on the modulation of protein tyrosine phosphatase expression and activity. Knowledge of the role of phosphatases in diabetic peripheral artery disease will help the development of future therapeutics to locally regulate phosphatases and improve angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Mercier
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Marina Rousseau
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Pedro Geraldes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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10
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Fu H, Sun Y, Shao Y, Saredy J, Cueto R, Liu L, Drummer C, Johnson C, Xu K, Lu Y, Li X, Meng S, Xue ER, Tan J, Jhala NC, Yu D, Zhou Y, Bayless KJ, Yu J, Rogers TJ, Hu W, Snyder NW, Sun J, Qin X, Jiang X, Wang H, Yang X. Interleukin 35 Delays Hindlimb Ischemia-Induced Angiogenesis Through Regulating ROS-Extracellular Matrix but Spares Later Regenerative Angiogenesis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:595813. [PMID: 33154757 PMCID: PMC7591706 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.595813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL) 35 is a novel immunosuppressive heterodimeric cytokine in IL-12 family. Whether and how IL-35 regulates ischemia-induced angiogenesis in peripheral artery diseases are unrevealed. To fill this important knowledge gap, we used loss-of-function, gain-of-function, omics data analysis, RNA-Seq, in vivo and in vitro experiments, and we have made the following significant findings: i) IL-35 and its receptor subunit IL-12RB2, but not IL-6ST, are induced in the muscle after hindlimb ischemia (HLI); ii) HLI-induced angiogenesis is improved in Il12rb2-/- mice, in ApoE-/-/Il12rb2-/- mice compared to WT and ApoE-/- controls, respectively, where hyperlipidemia inhibits angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro; iii) IL-35 cytokine injection as a gain-of-function approach delays blood perfusion recovery at day 14 after HLI; iv) IL-35 spares regenerative angiogenesis at the late phase of HLI recovery after day 14 of HLI; v) Transcriptome analysis of endothelial cells (ECs) at 14 days post-HLI reveals a disturbed extracellular matrix re-organization in IL-35-injected mice; vi) IL-35 downregulates three reactive oxygen species (ROS) promoters and upregulates one ROS attenuator, which may functionally mediate IL-35 upregulation of anti-angiogenic extracellular matrix proteins in ECs; and vii) IL-35 inhibits human microvascular EC migration and tube formation in vitro mainly through upregulating anti-angiogenic extracellular matrix-remodeling proteins. These findings provide a novel insight on the future therapeutic potential of IL-35 in suppressing ischemia/inflammation-triggered inflammatory angiogenesis at early phase but sparing regenerative angiogenesis at late phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangfei Fu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yu Sun
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ying Shao
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jason Saredy
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, Thrombosis Research, Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ramon Cueto
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, Thrombosis Research, Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Lu Liu
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, Thrombosis Research, Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Charles Drummer
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Candice Johnson
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Keman Xu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yifan Lu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xinyuan Li
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Shu Meng
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Eric R Xue
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Judy Tan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Nirag C Jhala
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Daohai Yu
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yan Zhou
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple Health, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kayla J Bayless
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Jun Yu
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, Thrombosis Research, Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Thomas J Rogers
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, Thrombosis Research, Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Nathaniel W Snyder
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, Thrombosis Research, Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jianxin Sun
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xuebin Qin
- National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA, United States
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, Thrombosis Research, Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hong Wang
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, Thrombosis Research, Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, Thrombosis Research, Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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11
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Cell seeding accelerates the vascularization of tissue engineering constructs in hypertensive mice. Hypertens Res 2020; 44:23-35. [PMID: 32778779 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-0524-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Rapid blood vessel ingrowth into transplanted constructs represents the key requirement for successful tissue engineering. Seeding three-dimensional scaffolds with suitable cells is an approved technique for this challenge. Since a plethora of patients suffer from widespread diseases that limit the capacity of neoangiogenesis (e.g., hypertension), we investigated the incorporation of cell-seeded poly-L-lactide-co-glycolide scaffolds in hypertensive (BPH/2J, group A) and nonhypertensive (BPN/3J, group B) mice. Collagen-coated scaffolds (A1 and B1) were additionally seeded with osteoblast-like (A2 and B2) and mesenchymal stem cells (A3 and B3). After implantation into dorsal skinfold chambers, inflammation and newly formed microvessels were measured using repetitive intravital fluorescence microscopy for 2 weeks. Apart from a weak inflammatory response in all groups, significantly increased microvascular densities were found in cell-seeded scaffolds (day 14, A2: 192 ± 12 cm/cm2, A3: 194 ± 10 cm/cm2, B2: 249 ± 19 cm/cm2, B3: 264 ± 17 cm/cm2) when compared with controls (A1: 129 ± 10 cm/cm2, B1: 185 ± 8 cm/cm2). In this context, hypertensive mice showed reduced neoangiogenesis in comparison with nonhypertensive animals. Therefore, seeding approved scaffolds with organ-specific or pluripotent cells is a very promising technique for tissue engineering in hypertensive organisms.
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12
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Su K, Huang X, Xu K, Du W, Zhu D, Yang M, Yuan W, Li L. Transcriptomics Curation of SARS-CoV-2 Related Host Genes in Mice With COVID-19 Comorbidity: A Pilot Study. INFECTIOUS MICROBES & DISEASES 2020; 2:42-47. [PMID: 38630104 PMCID: PMC8529699 DOI: 10.1097/im9.0000000000000025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a respiratory disease caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, is causing substantial morbidity and mortality. Along with the respiratory symptoms, underlying diseases in senior patients, such as diabetes, hypertension, and coronary heart disease, are the most common comorbidities, which cause more severe outcomes and even death. During cellular attachment and entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, the key protein involved is the angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is located on the membrane of host cells. Here, we aim to curate an expression profile of Ace2 and other COVID-19 related genes across the available diabetes murine strains. Based on strictly manual curation and bioinformatics analysis of the publicly deposited expression datasets, Ace2 and other potentially involved genes such as Furin, Tmprss2, Ang, and Ang2 were examined. We found that Ace2 expression is rather ubiquitous in three selected diabetes prone strains (db/db, ob/ob and diet-induced obese). With the most abundant datasets present, the liver shows a medium Ace2 expression level compared with the lungs, pancreatic islets, brain and even T cells. Age is a more critical factor for Ace2 expression in db/db compared with the other two strains. Besides Ace2, the other four host genes showed varied levels of correlation to each other. To accelerate research on the interaction between COVID-19 and underlying diseases, the Murine4Covid transcriptomics database (www.geneureka.org/Murine4Covid) will facilitate the design of research on COVID-19 and comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunkai Su
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- KS and XH contributed equally to this study
| | - Xin Huang
- Biotherapeutics Research Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- KS and XH contributed equally to this study
| | - Kaijin Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weibo Du
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danhua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meifang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenji Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Murai Y, Sasase T, Tadaki H, Heitaku S, Imagawa N, Yamada T, Ohta T. Analysis of haemodynamics and angiogenic response to ischaemia in the obese type 2 diabetic model Spontaneously Diabetic Torii
Lepr
fa
(SDT fatty) rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:583-590. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasutaka Murai
- Japan Tobacco Inc. Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute Takatsuki Osaka Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture Department of Agrobiology Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Tomohiko Sasase
- Japan Tobacco Inc. Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute Takatsuki Osaka Japan
| | - Hironobu Tadaki
- Japan Tobacco Inc. Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute Takatsuki Osaka Japan
| | - Shiro Heitaku
- Japan Tobacco Inc. Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute Takatsuki Osaka Japan
| | - Naoya Imagawa
- Japan Tobacco Inc. Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute Takatsuki Osaka Japan
| | - Takahisa Yamada
- Faculty of Agriculture Department of Agrobiology Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Takeshi Ohta
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Functional Anatomy Graduate School of Agriculture Kyoto University Kitashirakawa Kyoto Japan
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14
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Abstract
Myocardial ischemia and peripheral vascular disease persist as significant clinical problems despite improved medical, surgical, and endovascular therapies. Advances in our understanding of the biological mechanisms that govern capillary neovascularization and collateral artery growth have enabled molecular therapies for revascularizing ischemic tissues. Generally known as therapeutic angiogenesis, this review summarizes the essential pre-clinical research and the major clinical trials of molecular therapies for ischemic disease. Early clinical experience has established the proof of principle, however, inconsistent and modest improvements in clinical outcomes have exposed the complexity of neovascularization and problems with transitioning basic science to clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shant M Vartanian
- Division of Vascular Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-0104, USA.
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15
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Fadini GP, Spinetti G, Santopaolo M, Madeddu P. Impaired Regeneration Contributes to Poor Outcomes in Diabetic Peripheral Artery Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 40:34-44. [PMID: 31510789 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus increases the risk and accelerates the course of peripheral artery disease, making patients more susceptible to ischemic events and infections and delaying tissue healing. Current understanding of pathogenic mechanisms is mainly based on the negative influence of diabetes mellitus on atherosclerotic disease and inflammation. In recent years, the novel concept that diabetes mellitus can impinge on endogenous regenerative processes has been introduced. Diabetes mellitus affects regeneration at the local level, disturbing proper angiogenesis, collateral artery formation, and muscle repair. Recent evidence indicates that an impairment in vascular mural cells, alias pericytes, may participate in diabetic peripheral vasculopathy. Moreover, the bone marrow undergoes a global remodeling, consisting of microvessels and sensory neurons rarefaction and fat accumulation, which creates a hostile microenvironment for resident stem cells. Bone marrow remodeling is also responsible for detrimental systemic effects. In particular, the aid of reparative cells from the bone marrow is compromised: these elements are released in an improper manner and become harmful vectors of inflammatory and antiangiogenic molecules and noncoding RNAs. This new understanding of impaired regeneration is inspiring new therapeutic options for the treatment of ischemic complications in people with diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Paolo Fadini
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Italy (G.P.F.).,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy (G.P.F.)
| | - Gaia Spinetti
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy (G.S.)
| | - Marianna Santopaolo
- Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (M.S., P.M.)
| | - Paolo Madeddu
- Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (M.S., P.M.)
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16
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Silva AT, Rouf F, Semola OA, Payton ME, Lovern PC. Placental growth factor levels in quadriceps muscle are reduced by a Western diet in association with advanced glycation end products. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 317:H851-H866. [PMID: 31397166 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00511.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In peripheral artery disease (PAD), atherosclerotic occlusion chronically impairs limb blood flow. Arteriogenesis (collateral artery remodeling) is a vital adaptive response to PAD that protects tissue from ischemia. People with type II diabetes have a high risk of developing PAD and would benefit from arteriogenesis. However, arteriogenesis is suppressed in people with diabetes by a multifaceted mechanism which remains incompletely defined. Upregulation of placental growth factor (PLGF) is a key early step in arteriogenesis. Therefore, we hypothesized that metabolic dysfunction would impair PLGF expression in skeletal muscle. We tested this hypothesis in C57BL/6J and ApoE-/- mice of both sexes fed a Western diet (WD) for 24 wk. We first assessed baseline levels of PLGF, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A), and VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1) protein in hindlimb skeletal muscle. Only PLGF was consistently decreased by the WD. We next investigated the effect of 24 wk of the WD on the response of PLGF, VEGF-A, VEGFR1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) to the physiological stimulus of vascular occlusion. Hindlimb ischemia was induced in mice by gradual femoral artery occlusion using an ameroid constrictor. Growth factor levels were measured 3-28 days postsurgery. In C57BL/6J mice, the WD decreased and delayed upregulation of PLGF and abolished upregulation of VEGF-A and VEGFR1 but had no effect on MCP-1. In ApoE-/- mice fed either diet, all factors tested failed to respond to occlusion. Metabolic phenotyping of mice and in vitro studies suggest that an advanced glycation end product/TNFα-mediated mechanism could contribute to the effects observed in vivo.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In this study, we tested the effect of a Western diet on expression of the arteriogenic growth factor placental growth factor (PLGF) in mouse skeletal muscle. We provide the first demonstration that a Western diet interferes with both baseline expression and hindlimb ischemia-induced upregulation of PLGF. We further identify a potential role for advanced glycation end product/TNFα signaling as a negative regulator of PLGF. These studies provide insight into one possible mechanism by which type II diabetes may limit collateral growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asitha T Silva
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - Farzana Rouf
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - Oluwayemisi A Semola
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - Mark E Payton
- Department of Statistics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - Pamela C Lovern
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
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17
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Rajendran S, Shen X, Glawe J, Kolluru GK, Kevil CG. Nitric Oxide and Hydrogen Sulfide Regulation of Ischemic Vascular Growth and Remodeling. Compr Physiol 2019; 9:1213-1247. [PMID: 31187898 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c180026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic vascular remodeling occurs in response to stenosis or arterial occlusion leading to a change in blood flow and tissue perfusion. Altered blood flow elicits a cascade of molecular and cellular physiological responses leading to vascular remodeling of the macro- and micro-circulation. Although cellular mechanisms of vascular remodeling such as arteriogenesis and angiogenesis have been studied, therapeutic approaches in these areas have had limited success due to the complexity and heterogeneous constellation of molecular signaling events regulating these processes. Understanding central molecular players of vascular remodeling should lead to a deeper understanding of this response and aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and nitric oxide (NO) are gaseous signaling molecules that are critically involved in regulating fundamental biochemical and molecular responses necessary for vascular growth and remodeling. This review examines how NO and H2 S regulate pathophysiological mechanisms of angiogenesis and arteriogenesis, along with important chemical and experimental considerations revealed thus far. The importance of NO and H2 S bioavailability, their synthesis enzymes and cofactors, and genetic variations associated with cardiovascular risk factors suggest that they serve as pivotal regulators of vascular remodeling responses. © 2019 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 9:1213-1247, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xinggui Shen
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
| | - John Glawe
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
| | - Gopi K Kolluru
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
| | - Christopher G Kevil
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport.,Departments of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport.,Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
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18
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Nam SM, Kwon HJ, Kim W, Kim JW, Hahn KR, Jung HY, Kim DW, Yoo DY, Seong JK, Hwang IK, Yoon YS. Changes of myelin basic protein in the hippocampus of an animal model of type 2 diabetes. Lab Anim Res 2018; 34:176-184. [PMID: 30671103 PMCID: PMC6333608 DOI: 10.5625/lar.2018.34.4.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we observed chronological changes in the immunoreactivity and expression level of myelin basic protein (MBP), one of the most abundant proteins in the central nervous system, in the hippocampus of Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and their control littermates (Zucker lean control; ZLC). In the ZLC group, body weight steadily increased with age; the body weight of the ZDF group, however, peaked at 30 weeks of age, and subsequently decreased. Based on the changes of body weight, animals were divided into the following six groups: early (12-week), middle (30-week), and chronic (52-week) diabetic groups and their controls. MBP immunoreactivity was found in the alveus, strata pyramidale, and lacunosum-moleculare of the CA1 region, strata pyramidale and radiatum of the CA3 region, and subgranular zone, polymorphic layer, and molecular layer of the dentate gyrus. MBP immunoreactivity was lowest in the hippocampus of 12-week-old rats in the ZLC group, and highest in 12-week-old rats in the ZDF group. Diabetes increased MBP levels in the 12-week-old group, while MBP immunoreactivity decreased in the 30-week-old group. In the 52-week-old ZLC and ZDF groups, MBP immunoreactivity was detected in the hippocampus, similar to the 30-week-old ZDF group. Western blot results corroborated with immunohistochemical results. These results suggested that changes in the immunoreactivity and expression of MBP in the hippocampus might be a compensatory response to aging, while the sustained levels of MBP in diabetic animals could be attributed to a loss of compensatory responses in oligodendrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Min Nam
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Woosuk Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Whi Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Ri Hahn
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Young Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Dae Young Yoo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- KMPC (Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center), Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Koo Hwang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeo Sung Yoon
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- KMPC (Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center), Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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19
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Xu J, Cao L, Suo Y, Xu X, Sun H, Xu S, Zhu X, Yu H, Cao W. Chitosan-microcapsulated insulin alleviates mesenteric microcirculation dysfunction via modulating COX-2 and VCAM-1 expression in rats with diabetes mellitus. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:6829-6837. [PMID: 30498345 PMCID: PMC6207390 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s174030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The study of the experiment was to display the therapeutic function of insulin-loaded chitosan (insulin/chitosan) on mesenteric microcirculation via down-regulating cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) expressions in rats with diabetes mellitus (DM) as compared to free insulin. Methods Diabetic rats were administrated with 24 U/kg insulin or 120 U/kg insulin/chitosan compounds. The blood and mesenteriums were collected, blood glucose levels, arteriole velocity, arteriole diameter, venular diameter, and hemodiapedesis were measured, and COX-2, VCAM-1 expressions were measured in mesenteriums tissues. Results Both insulin and insulin/chitosan administration decreased blood glucose and improved the state of mesenteric microcirculation through down-regulating COX-2 and VCAM-1 expressions as compared to DM groups, while insulin/chitosan remarkably augmented this functions. Conclusion Chitosan-microcapsulated insulin alleviates mesenteric microcirculation dysfunction via modulating COX-2 and VCAM-1 expressions in rats with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang Province, China,
| | - Lijun Cao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang Province, China,
| | - Yuan Suo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang Province, China,
| | - Xiaoqin Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang Province, China,
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang Province, China,
| | - Songao Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang Province, China,
| | - Xiangyun Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang Province, China,
| | - Huijie Yu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang Province, China,
| | - Weizhong Cao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang Province, China,
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20
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Recent advances and new insights into muscular lymphangiogenesis in health and disease. Life Sci 2018; 211:261-269. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Nwadozi E, Ng A, Strömberg A, Liu HY, Olsson K, Gustafsson T, Haas TL. Leptin is a physiological regulator of skeletal muscle angiogenesis and is locally produced by PDGFRα and PDGFRβ expressing perivascular cells. Angiogenesis 2018; 22:103-115. [DOI: 10.1007/s10456-018-9641-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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22
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Lindeman JHN, Zwaginga JJ, Kallenberg-Lantrua G, van Wissen RC, Schepers A, van Bockel HJ, Fibbe WE, Hamming JF. No Clinical Benefit of Intramuscular Delivery of Bone Marrow-derived Mononuclear Cells in Nonreconstructable Peripheral Arterial Disease: Results of a Phase-III Randomized-controlled Trial. Ann Surg 2018; 268:756-761. [PMID: 30004916 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000002896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Prospects for no-option, end-stage peripheral artery disease (PAD) patients remain poor. Although results from open and semiblinded studies fuel hope for cell-based strategies in no-option patients, so far conclusions from the available placebo-controlled studies are not supportive. With the intention to end the remaining controversy with regard to cell therapy for PAD we conducted a confirmatory, double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. STUDY DESIGN This randomized controlled trial was registered (NCT00539266). Inclusion criteria included stable or progressive disabling PAD, no imminent need for amputation, absent accepted options for revascularization. Diabetic disease was an exclusion criterion. Bone marrow (500-700 mL) was harvested and bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells were concentrated to 40 mL. Concentrated cells or placebo (diluted blood) were intramuscularly injected at 40 locations of the calf muscle. RESULTS Fifty-four patients (mean (sd) age 58.2 (14.2) yrs, 58% males) were randomized. Twenty-eight patients received BM-MNCs, 26 placebo. Baseline criteria were similar in the 2 groups. No significant differences were observed for the primary (number of amputations, (pain free) walking distance) and secondary outcome parameters (ankle brachial index, pain scores, quality of life (SF-36)). DISCUSSION This fully blinded replication trial of autologous BM-MNC fails to confirm a benefit for cell therapy in no-option PAD patients, consequently BM-MNC therapy should not be offered as a clinical treatment. Apparent contrasting conclusions from open and controlled studies underscore the importance of a controlled trial design in evaluating cell-based interventions in PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan H N Lindeman
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Jan Zwaginga
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rob C van Wissen
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Abbey Schepers
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hajo J van Bockel
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Willem E Fibbe
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap F Hamming
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Chandhok G, Lazarou M, Neumann B. Structure, function, and regulation of mitofusin-2 in health and disease. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2017; 93:933-949. [PMID: 29068134 PMCID: PMC6446723 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that constantly migrate, fuse, and divide to regulate their shape, size, number, and bioenergetic function. Mitofusins (Mfn1/2), optic atrophy 1 (OPA1), and dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), are key regulators of mitochondrial fusion and fission. Mutations in these molecules are associated with severe neurodegenerative and non-neurological diseases pointing to the importance of functional mitochondrial dynamics in normal cell physiology. In recent years, significant progress has been made in our understanding of mitochondrial dynamics, which has raised interest in defining the physiological roles of key regulators of fusion and fission and led to the identification of additional functions of Mfn2 in mitochondrial metabolism, cell signalling, and apoptosis. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the structural and functional properties of Mfn2 as well as its regulation in different tissues, and also discuss the consequences of aberrant Mfn2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gursimran Chandhok
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, and Neuroscience Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Michael Lazarou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Neuroscience Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Brent Neumann
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, and Neuroscience Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
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24
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He S, Gleason J, Fik-Rymarkiewicz E, DiFiglia A, Bharathan M, Morschauser A, Djuretic I, Xu Y, Krakovsky M, Jankovic V, Buensuceso C, Edinger J, Herzberg U, Hofgartner W, Hariri R. Human Placenta-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal-Like Cells Enhance Angiogenesis via T Cell-Dependent Reprogramming of Macrophage Differentiation. Stem Cells 2017; 35:1603-1613. [PMID: 28233380 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a leading cause of limb loss and mortality worldwide with limited treatment options. Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy has demonstrated positive effects on angiogenesis in preclinical models and promising therapeutic efficacy signals in early stage clinical studies; however, the mechanisms underlying MSC-mediated angiogenesis remain largely undefined. Here, we investigated the mechanism of action of human placenta-derived MSC-like cells (PDA-002) in inducing angiogenesis using mice hind limb ischemia model. We showed that PDA-002 improved blood flow and promoted collateral vessel formation in the injured limb. Histological analysis demonstrated that PDA-002 increased M2-like macrophages in ischemic tissue. Analysis of the changes in functional T cell phenotype in the draining lymph nodes revealed that PDA-002 treatment was associated with the induction of cytokine and gene expression signatures of Th2 response. Angiogenic effect of PDA-002 was markedly reduced in Balb/c nude mice compared with wild type. This reduction in efficacy was reversed by T cell reconstitution, suggesting T cells are essential for PDA-002-mediated angiogenesis. Furthermore, effect of PDA-002 on macrophage differentiation was also T cell-dependent as a PDA-002-mediated M2-like macrophage skewing was only observed in wild type and T cell reconstituted nude mice, but not in nude mice. Finally, we showed that PDA-002-treated animals had enhanced angiogenic recovery in response to the second injury when PDA-002 no longer persisted in vivo. These results suggest that PDA-002 enhances angiogenesis through an immunomodulatory mechanism involving T cell-dependent reprogramming of macrophage differentiation toward M2-like phenotype. Stem Cells 2017;35:1603-1613.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang He
- Celgene Cellular Therapeutics, Warren, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan Xu
- Invivotek, Hamilton, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | | | - James Edinger
- Celgene Cellular Therapeutics, Warren, New Jersey, USA
| | - Uri Herzberg
- Celgene Cellular Therapeutics, Warren, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Robert Hariri
- Celgene Cellular Therapeutics, Warren, New Jersey, USA
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25
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Zhang MJ, Sansbury BE, Hellmann J, Baker JF, Guo L, Parmer CM, Prenner JC, Conklin DJ, Bhatnagar A, Creager MA, Spite M. Resolvin D2 Enhances Postischemic Revascularization While Resolving Inflammation. Circulation 2016; 134:666-680. [PMID: 27507404 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.021894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resolvins are lipid mediators generated by leukocytes during the resolution phase of inflammation. They have been shown to regulate the transition from inflammation to tissue repair; however, it is unknown whether resolvins play a role in tissue revascularization following ischemia. METHODS We used a murine model of hind limb ischemia (HLI), coupled with laser Doppler perfusion imaging, microcomputed tomography, and targeted mass spectrometry, to assess the role of resolvins in revascularization and inflammation resolution. RESULTS In mice undergoing HLI, we identified resolvin D2 (RvD2) in bone marrow and skeletal muscle by mass spectrometry (n=4-7 per group). We also identified RvD2 in skeletal muscle biopsies from humans with peripheral artery disease. Monocytes were recruited to skeletal muscle during HLI and isolated monocytes produced RvD2 in a lipoxygenase-dependent manner. Exogenous RvD2 enhanced perfusion recovery in HLI and microcomputed tomography of limb vasculature revealed greater volume, with evidence of tortuous arterioles indicative of arteriogenesis (n=6-8 per group). Unlike other treatment strategies for therapeutic revascularization that exacerbate inflammation, RvD2 did not increase vascular permeability, but reduced neutrophil accumulation and the plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor. In mice treated with RvD2, histopathologic analysis of skeletal muscle of ischemic limbs showed more regenerating myocytes with centrally located nuclei. RvD2 enhanced endothelial cell migration in a Rac-dependent manner, via its receptor, GPR18, and Gpr18-deficient mice had an endogenous defect in perfusion recovery following HLI. Importantly, RvD2 rescued defective revascularization in diabetic mice. CONCLUSIONS RvD2 stimulates arteriogenic revascularization during HLI, suggesting that resolvins may be a novel class of mediators that both resolve inflammation and promote arteriogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY
| | - Brian E Sansbury
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Jason Hellmann
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - James F Baker
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY
| | - Luping Guo
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY
| | - Caitlin M Parmer
- Vascular Medicine Section, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Joshua C Prenner
- Vascular Medicine Section, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Daniel J Conklin
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY
| | - Mark A Creager
- Vascular Medicine Section, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Matthew Spite
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Boston, MA
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Exercise-like effects by Estrogen-related receptor-gamma in muscle do not prevent insulin resistance in db/db mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26442. [PMID: 27220353 PMCID: PMC4879541 DOI: 10.1038/srep26442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dissecting exercise-mimicking pathways that can replicate the benefits of exercise in obesity and diabetes may lead to promising treatments for metabolic disorders. Muscle estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRγ) is induced by exercise, and when over-expressed in the skeletal muscle mimics exercise by stimulating glycolytic-to-oxidative myofiber switch, mitochondrial biogenesis and angiogenesis in lean mice. The objective of this study was to test whether muscle ERRγ in obese mice mitigates weight gain and insulin resistance. To do so, ERRγ was selectively over-expressed in the skeletal muscle of obese and diabetic db/db mice. Muscle ERRγ over-expression successfully triggered glycolytic-to-oxidative myofiber switch, increased functional mitochondrial content and boosted vascular supply in the db/db mice. Despite aerobic remodeling, ERRγ surprisingly failed to improve whole-body energy expenditure, block muscle accumulation of triglycerides, toxic diacylglycerols (DAG) and ceramides or suppress muscle PKCε sarcolemmal translocation in db/db mice. Consequently, muscle ERRγ did not mitigate impaired muscle insulin signaling or insulin resistance in these mice. In conclusion, obesity and diabetes in db/db mice are not amenable to selective ERRγ-directed programming of classic exercise-like effects in the skeletal muscle. Other biochemical pathways or integrated whole-body effects of exercise may be critical for resisting diabetes and obesity.
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27
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Wu W, Zhang D, Pan D, Zuo G, Ren X, Chen S. Downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 under oxidative stress conditions is mediated by β-transduction repeat-containing protein via glycogen synthase kinase-3β signaling. Int J Mol Med 2016; 37:911-20. [PMID: 26935904 PMCID: PMC4790698 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), which is a key determinant of the angiogenecic response, is decreased in diabetic mice under oxidative stress. β-transduction repeat-containing protein (β-TrCP) has been reported to participate in VEGFR-2 degradation in thyroid cancer cells. Additionally, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) acts as a mediator in the β-TrCP-induced degradation of several proteins. However, the role played by β-TrCP and GSK-3β in the degradation of VEGFR-2 in endothelial cells where hyperglycemia had been induced was not fully understood. In the present study, we aimed to analyze the mechanisms of VEGFR-2 degradation by studying excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by hyperglycemia or glucose oxidase (GO). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with different concentrations of glucose (6.6, 19.8 and 33 mM), mannitol (33 mM) and GO (1 U/ml). Angiogenic function, ROS levels, the co-location of VEGFR-2 and β-TrCP were evaluated. Cells were collected for RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. We noted that angiogenesis was impaired upon increasing the glucose concentration. When HUVECs were in a hyperglycemic state, ROS production increased, comparable to exposure to GO; GO catalyzes oxidation of glucose into H2O2 and D-glucono-δ-lactone. Phosphorylated VEGFR-2 was reduced by hyperglycemia while total VEGFR-2 was almost unaltered. However, VEGFR-2 was reduced when directly exposed to ROS, with resultant co-location of β-TrCP and VEGFR-2. Through a co-immunoprecipitation assay, we noted that ubiquitinated VEGFR-2 was significantly augmented by excess ROS. Decreased VEGFR-2 caused by ROS was ameliorated by β-TrCP siRNA, proteasome inhibitor MG132 and GSK-3β activity inhibitor (lithium chloride and SB216763). We suggest that redundant ROS reduces VEGFR-2 through β-TrCP-mediated VEGFR-2 degradation, which is postulated to be regulated by GSK-3β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Qinhuai, Nanjing 210006, P.R. China
| | - Daimin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Qinhuai, Nanjing 210006, P.R. China
| | - Daorong Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Qinhuai, Nanjing 210006, P.R. China
| | - Guangfeng Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Qinhuai, Nanjing 210006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomin Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Qinhuai, Nanjing 210006, P.R. China
| | - Shaoliang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Qinhuai, Nanjing 210006, P.R. China
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Schumann P, Lindhorst D, Kampmann A, Gellrich NC, Krone-Wolf S, Meyer-Lindenberg A, von See C, Gander T, Lanzer M, Rücker M, Essig H. Decelerated vascularization in tissue-engineered constructs in association with diabetes mellitus in vivo. J Diabetes Complications 2015. [PMID: 26195138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Rapid blood vessel ingrowth in transplanted tissue engineering constructs is the key factor for successful incorporation, but many potential patients who may use engineered tissues suffer from widespread diseases that limit the capacity of neovascularization (e.g. diabetes). Thus, in vivo vascularization analyses of tissue-engineered constructs in angiogenically affected organisms are required. METHODS We therefore investigated the in vivo incorporation of collagen-coated and cell-seeded poly-L-lactide-co-glycolide scaffolds in diabetic B6.BKS(D)-Lepr(db)/J mice using repetitive intravital fluorescence microscopy over a time period of two weeks. For this purpose, scaffolds were seeded with osteoblast-like or bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and implanted into the dorsal skinfold chambers of diabetic and non-diabetic (C57BL/6) mice. RESULTS Apart from slightly increased inflammatory parameters, diabetic mice showed significantly reduced capillary densities compared with non-diabetic animals from day 6 onward. In line with previous studies, more densely meshed microvascular networks were demonstrated in cell-seeded than in collagen-coated scaffolds from day 6 onward within the single groups (diabetic and control). CONCLUSIONS A large number of patients who suffer from systemic diseases that affect angiogenesis would profit from tissue engineering. Therefore, the challenge for the clinical introduction of tissue-engineered constructs will be to overcome the decreased angiogenesis in diabetic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Schumann
- Division of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Daniel Lindhorst
- Division of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Andreas Kampmann
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Nils-Claudius Gellrich
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Sonja Krone-Wolf
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Andrea Meyer-Lindenberg
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
| | - Constantin von See
- Center of CAD/CAM and digital technologies in dentistry, Danube Private University, Krems-Stein, Austria.
| | - Thomas Gander
- Division of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Martin Lanzer
- Division of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Martin Rücker
- Division of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Harald Essig
- Division of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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29
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Babu M, Durga Devi T, Mäkinen P, Kaikkonen M, Lesch HP, Junttila S, Laiho A, Ghimire B, Gyenesei A, Ylä-Herttuala S. Differential Promoter Methylation of Macrophage Genes Is Associated With Impaired Vascular Growth in Ischemic Muscles of Hyperlipidemic and Type 2 Diabetic Mice: Genome-Wide Promoter Methylation Study. Circ Res 2015; 117:289-99. [PMID: 26085133 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.306424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) severely impair adaptive vascular growth responses in ischemic muscles. This is largely attributed to dysregulated gene expression, although details of the changes are unknown. OBJECTIVE To define the role of promoter methylation in adaptive vascular growth in hyperlipidemia (LDLR(-/-)ApoB(100/100)) and T2DM (IGF-II/LDLR(-/-)ApoB(100/100)) mouse models of hindlimb ischemia. METHODS AND RESULTS Unilateral hindlimb ischemia was induced by ligating femoral artery. Perfusion was assessed using ultrasound, and capillary and arteriole parameters were assessed using immunohistochemistry. Genome-wide methylated DNA sequencing was performed with DNA isolated from ischemic muscle, tissue macrophages (Mϕs), and endothelial cells. Compared with the controls, hyperlipidemia and T2DM mice showed impaired perfusion recovery, which was associated with impaired angiogenesis and arteriogenesis. Genome-wide proximal promoter DNA methylation analysis suggested differential patterns of methylation in Mϕ genes in ischemic muscles. Classically activated M1-Mϕ gene promoters, including Cfb, Serping1, and Tnfsf15, were significantly hypomethylated, whereas alternatively activated M2-Mϕ gene promoters, including Nrp1, Cxcr4, Plxnd1, Arg1, Cdk18, and Fes, were significantly hypermethylated in Mϕs isolated from hyperlipidemia and T2DM ischemic muscles compared with controls. These results combined with mRNA expression and immunohistochemistry showed the predominance of proinflammatory M1-Mϕs, compared with anti-inflammatory and proangiogenic M2-Mϕs in hyperlipidemia and T2DM ischemic muscles. CONCLUSIONS We found significant promoter hypomethylation of genes typical for proinflammatory M1-Mϕs and hypermethylation of anti-inflammatory, proangiogenic M2-Mϕ genes in hyperlipidemia and T2DM ischemic muscles. Epigenetic alterations modify Mϕ phenotype toward proinflammatory M1 as opposed to anti-inflammatory, proangiogenic, and tissue repair M2 phenotype, which may contribute to the impaired adaptive vascular growth under these pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Babu
- From the Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland (M.B., T.D.D., P.M., M.K., H.P.L., S.Y.-H.); Finnish Microarray and Sequencing Centre, Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Turku, Finland (S.J., A.L., B.G., A.G.); and Science Service Center and Gene Therapy Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland (S.Y.-H.)
| | - Thota Durga Devi
- From the Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland (M.B., T.D.D., P.M., M.K., H.P.L., S.Y.-H.); Finnish Microarray and Sequencing Centre, Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Turku, Finland (S.J., A.L., B.G., A.G.); and Science Service Center and Gene Therapy Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland (S.Y.-H.)
| | - Petri Mäkinen
- From the Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland (M.B., T.D.D., P.M., M.K., H.P.L., S.Y.-H.); Finnish Microarray and Sequencing Centre, Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Turku, Finland (S.J., A.L., B.G., A.G.); and Science Service Center and Gene Therapy Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland (S.Y.-H.)
| | - Minna Kaikkonen
- From the Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland (M.B., T.D.D., P.M., M.K., H.P.L., S.Y.-H.); Finnish Microarray and Sequencing Centre, Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Turku, Finland (S.J., A.L., B.G., A.G.); and Science Service Center and Gene Therapy Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland (S.Y.-H.)
| | - Hanna P Lesch
- From the Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland (M.B., T.D.D., P.M., M.K., H.P.L., S.Y.-H.); Finnish Microarray and Sequencing Centre, Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Turku, Finland (S.J., A.L., B.G., A.G.); and Science Service Center and Gene Therapy Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland (S.Y.-H.)
| | - Sini Junttila
- From the Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland (M.B., T.D.D., P.M., M.K., H.P.L., S.Y.-H.); Finnish Microarray and Sequencing Centre, Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Turku, Finland (S.J., A.L., B.G., A.G.); and Science Service Center and Gene Therapy Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland (S.Y.-H.)
| | - Asta Laiho
- From the Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland (M.B., T.D.D., P.M., M.K., H.P.L., S.Y.-H.); Finnish Microarray and Sequencing Centre, Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Turku, Finland (S.J., A.L., B.G., A.G.); and Science Service Center and Gene Therapy Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland (S.Y.-H.)
| | - Bishwa Ghimire
- From the Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland (M.B., T.D.D., P.M., M.K., H.P.L., S.Y.-H.); Finnish Microarray and Sequencing Centre, Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Turku, Finland (S.J., A.L., B.G., A.G.); and Science Service Center and Gene Therapy Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland (S.Y.-H.)
| | - Attila Gyenesei
- From the Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland (M.B., T.D.D., P.M., M.K., H.P.L., S.Y.-H.); Finnish Microarray and Sequencing Centre, Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Turku, Finland (S.J., A.L., B.G., A.G.); and Science Service Center and Gene Therapy Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland (S.Y.-H.)
| | - Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
- From the Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland (M.B., T.D.D., P.M., M.K., H.P.L., S.Y.-H.); Finnish Microarray and Sequencing Centre, Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Turku, Finland (S.J., A.L., B.G., A.G.); and Science Service Center and Gene Therapy Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland (S.Y.-H.).
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Tumor necrosis factor inhibition increases the revascularization of ischemic hind-limbs in diabetic mice. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2015; 388:1053-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-015-1138-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Kozakowska M, Kotlinowski J, Grochot-Przeczek A, Ciesla M, Pilecki B, Derlacz R, Dulak J, Jozkowicz A. Myoblast-conditioned media improve regeneration and revascularization of ischemic muscles in diabetic mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:61. [PMID: 25889676 PMCID: PMC4431532 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0063-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes is associated with reduced expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a heme-degrading enzyme with cytoprotective and proangiogenic properties. In myoblasts and muscle satellite cells HO-1 improves survival, proliferation and production of proangiogenic growth factors. Induction of HO-1 in injured tissues facilitates neovascularization, the process impaired in diabetes. We aimed to examine whether conditioned media from the HO-1 overexpressing myoblast cell line can improve a blood-flow recovery in ischemic muscles of diabetic mice. Methods Analysis of myogenic markers was performed at the mRNA level in primary muscle satellite cells, isolated by a pre-plate technique from diabetic db/db and normoglycemic wild-type mice, and then cultured under growth or differentiation conditions. Hind limb ischemia was performed by femoral artery ligation in db/db mice and blood recovery was monitored by laser Doppler measurements. Mice were treated with a single intramuscular injection of conditioned media harvested from wild-type C2C12 myoblast cell line, C2C12 cells stably transduced with HO-1 cDNA, or with unconditioned media. Results Expression of HO-1 was lower in muscle satellite cells isolated from muscles of diabetic db/db mice when compared to their wild-type counterparts, what was accompanied by increased levels of Myf5 or CXCR4, and decreased Mef2 or Pax7. Such cells also displayed diminished differentiation potential when cultured in vitro, as shown by less effective formation of myotubes and reduced expression of myogenic markers (myogenic differentiation antigen - myoD, myogenin and myosin). Blood flow recovery after induction of severe hind limb ischemia was delayed in db/db mice compared to that in normoglycemic individuals. To improve muscle regeneration after ischemia, conditioned media collected from differentiating C2C12 cells (control and HO-1 overexpressing) were injected into hind limbs of diabetic mice. Analysis of blood flow revealed that media from HO-1 overexpressing cells accelerated blood-flow recovery, while immunohistochemical staining assessment of vessel density in injected muscle confirmed increased angiogenesis. The effect might be mediated by stromal-cell derived factor-1α proangiogenic factor, as its secretion is elevated in HO-1 overexpressing cells. Conclusions In conclusion, paracrine stimulation of angiogenesis in ischemic skeletal muscle using conditioned media may be a safe approach exploiting protective and proangiogenic properties of HO-1 in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kozakowska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, Krakow, 30-387, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Kotlinowski
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, Krakow, 30-387, Poland.
| | - Anna Grochot-Przeczek
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, Krakow, 30-387, Poland.
| | - Maciej Ciesla
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, Krakow, 30-387, Poland.
| | - Bartosz Pilecki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, Krakow, 30-387, Poland.
| | - Rafal Derlacz
- R&D Department, Adamed Ltd, Pienkow 149, Czosnow, 05-152, Poland. .,Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw, 02-096, Poland.
| | - Jozef Dulak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, Krakow, 30-387, Poland. .,Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Alicja Jozkowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, Krakow, 30-387, Poland.
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Nishijima Y, Akamatsu Y, Weinstein PR, Liu J. Collaterals: Implications in cerebral ischemic diseases and therapeutic interventions. Brain Res 2015; 1623:18-29. [PMID: 25770816 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite the tremendous progress made in the treatment of cerebrovascular occlusive diseases, many patients suffering from ischemic brain injury still experience dismal outcomes. Although rehabilitation contributes to post-stroke functional recovery, there is no doubt that interventions that promote the restoration of blood supply are proven to minimize ischemic injury and improve recovery. In response to the acutely decreased blood perfusion during arterial occlusion, arteriogenesis, the compensation of blood flow through the collateral circulation during arterial obstructive diseases can act not only in a timely fashion but also much more efficiently compared to angiogenesis, the sprouting of new capillaries, and a mechanism occurring in a delayed fashion while increases the total resistance of the vascular bed of the affected territory. Interestingly, despite the vast differences between the two vascular remodeling mechanisms, some crucial growth factors and cytokines involved in angiogenesis are also required for arteriogenesis. Understanding the mechanisms underlying vascular remodeling after ischemic brain injury is a critical step towards the development of effective therapies for ischemic stroke. The present article will discuss our current views in vascular remodeling acutely after brain ischemia, namely arteriogenesis, and some relevant clinical therapies available on the horizon in augmenting collateral flow that hold promise in treating ischemic brain injury. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Cell Interactions In Stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Nishijima
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yosuke Akamatsu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Phillip R Weinstein
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Jialing Liu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA.
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Stepniewski J, Kachamakova-Trojanowska N, Ogrocki D, Szopa M, Matlok M, Beilharz M, Dyduch G, Malecki MT, Jozkowicz A, Dulak J. Induced pluripotent stem cells as a model for diabetes investigation. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8597. [PMID: 25716801 PMCID: PMC4341212 DOI: 10.1038/srep08597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse and human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) may represent a novel approach for modeling diabetes. Taking this into consideration, the aim of this study was to generate and evaluate differentiation potential of iPSCs from lepdb/db (db/db) mice, the model of diabetes type 2 as well as from patients with Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young 3 (HNF1A MODY). Murine iPSC colonies from both wild type and db/db mice were positive for markers of pluripotency: Oct3/4A, Nanog, SSEA1, CDy1 and alkaline phosphatase and differentiated in vitro and in vivo into cells originating from three germ layers. However, our results suggest impaired differentiation of db/db cells into endothelial progenitor-like cells expressing CD34 and Tie2 markers and their reduced angiogenic potential. Human control and HNF1A MODY reprogrammed cells also expressed pluripotency markers: OCT3/4A, SSEA4, TRA-1–60, TRA-1-81, formed embryoid bodies (EBs) and differentiated into cells of three germ layers. Additionally, insulin expressing cells were obtained from those partially reprogrammed cells with direct as well as EB-mediated differentiation method. Our findings indicate that disease-specific iPSCs may help to better understand the mechanisms responsible for defective insulin production or vascular dysfunction upon differentiation toward cell types affected by diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stepniewski
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - N Kachamakova-Trojanowska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - D Ogrocki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - M Szopa
- 1] Clinic of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland [2] University Hospital Krakow Poland
| | - M Matlok
- II Clinic of General Surgery, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - M Beilharz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - G Dyduch
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathomorphology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - M T Malecki
- 1] Clinic of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland [2] University Hospital Krakow Poland
| | - A Jozkowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - J Dulak
- 1] Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland [2] Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Poland
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An antiangiogenic isoform of VEGF-A contributes to impaired vascularization in peripheral artery disease. Nat Med 2014; 20:1464-71. [PMID: 25362254 PMCID: PMC4257756 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) generates tissue ischemia through arterial occlusions and insufficient collateral vessel formation. Vascular insufficiency in PAD occurs despite higher circulating levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A),1,2 a key regulator of angiogenesis. Here, we show that clinical PAD is associated with elevated anti-angiogenic VEGF-A splice isoform (VEGF-A165b), and a corresponding reduction of the pro-angiogenic VEGF-A165a isoform. In a murine model of PAD, VEGF-A165b was upregulated by conditions associated with impaired limb revascularization, including leptin-deficiency, diet-induced obesity, genetic ablation of the secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (Sfrp5) adipokine and transgenic overexpression of Wnt5a in myeloid cells. In PAD models, delivery of VEGF-A165b inhibited revascularization of ischemic hind limbs, whereas treatment with an isoform-specific neutralizing antibody reversed the impaired revascularization phenotype caused by metabolic dysfunction or perturbations in the Wnt5a/Sfrp5 regulatory system. These results indicate that inflammation driven expression of the anti-angiogenic VEGF-A isoform can contribute to impaired collateralization in ischemic cardiovascular disease.
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Tam JCW, Ko CH, Lau KM, To MH, Kwok HF, Chan YW, Siu WS, Etienne-Selloum N, Lau CP, Chan WY, Leung PC, Fung KP, Schini-Kerth VB, Lau CBS. A Chinese 2-herb formula (NF3) promotes hindlimb ischemia-induced neovascularization and wound healing of diabetic rats. J Diabetes Complications 2014; 28:436-47. [PMID: 24731763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcer is closely associated with peripheral vascular disease. Enhancement of tissue oxidative stress, reduction of nitric oxide (NO) and angiogenic growth factors, and abnormal matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity are pathophysiological factors in post-ischemic neovascularization and diabetic wound healing. Our previous study demonstrated that the Chinese 2-herb formula, NF3, showed significant wound healing effects on diabetic foot ulcer rats. A novel rat diabetic foot ulcer with hindlimb ischemia model was established in order to strengthen our claims on the diabetic wound healing and post-ischemic neovascularization effects of NF3. Our results demonstrate that NF3 can significantly reduce the wound area of the diabetic foot ulcer rat with hindlimb ischemia by 21.6% (p<0.05) compared with the control group. In addition, flow cytometric analysis revealed that NF3 could boost circulating EPC levels for local wound vessel incorporation. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that NF3 could significantly augment blood vessel density, VEGF and eNOS expression, and attenuate tissue oxidative stress of ischemic muscles (p<0.001). NF3 significantly stimulated MMP activity involved in angiogenesis. Our study shows, for the first time, the beneficial effects of NF3 in wound healing and post-ischemic neovascularization in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Chor-Wing Tam
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Chun-Hay Ko
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Kit-Man Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Ming-Ho To
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Hin-Fai Kwok
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Yuet-Wa Chan
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Wing-Sum Siu
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | | | - Ching-Po Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Wai-Yee Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Ping-Chung Leung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Kwok-Pui Fung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong; School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | | | - Clara Bik-San Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
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Bai YY, Gao X, Wang YC, Peng XG, Chang D, Zheng S, Li C, Ju S. Image-guided pro-angiogenic therapy in diabetic stroke mouse models using a multi-modal nanoprobe. Theranostics 2014; 4:787-97. [PMID: 24955140 PMCID: PMC4063977 DOI: 10.7150/thno.9525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The efficacy of pro-angiogenic therapy is difficult to evaluate with current diagnostic modalities. The objectives were to develop a non-invasive imaging strategy to define the temporal characteristics of angiogenesis and to evaluate the response to pro-angiogenic therapy in diabetic stroke mouse models. Methods: A home-made ανβ3 integrin-targeted multi-modal nanoprobe was intravenously injected into mouse models at set time points after photothrombotic stroke. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging were carried out at 24 h post-injection. Bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were infused into the mouse models of ischemic stroke to stimulate angiogenesis. Results: The peak signal intensity in the ischemic-angiogenic area of diabetic and wild-type mouse models was achieved on day 10, with significantly lower signal enhancement observed in the diabetic models. Although the signal intensity was significantly higher after EPC treatment in both models, the enhancement was less pronounced in the diabetic animals compared with the wild-type controls. Histological analysis revealed that the microvessel density and expression of β3 integrin were correlated with the signal intensity assessed with MRI and NIRF imaging. Conclusions: The non-invasive imaging method could be used for early and accurate evaluation of the response to pro-angiogenic therapy in diabetic stroke models.
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Ohashi K, Enomoto T, Joki Y, Shibata R, Ogura Y, Kataoka Y, Shimizu Y, Kambara T, Uemura Y, Yuasa D, Matsuo K, Hayakawa S, Hiramatsu-Ito M, Murohara T, Ouchi N. Neuron-derived neurotrophic factor functions as a novel modulator that enhances endothelial cell function and revascularization processes. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:14132-44. [PMID: 24706764 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.555789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Strategies to stimulate revascularization are valuable for cardiovascular diseases. Here we identify neuron-derived neurotrophic factor (NDNF)/epidermacan as a secreted molecule that is up-regulated in endothelial cells in ischemic limbs of mice. NDNF was secreted from cultured human endothelial cells, and its secretion was stimulated by hypoxia. NDNF promoted endothelial cell network formation and survival in vitro through activation of Akt/endothelial NOS (eNOS) signaling involving integrin αvβ3. Conversely, siRNA-mediated knockdown of NDNF in endothelial cells led to reduction of cellular responses and basal Akt signaling. Intramuscular overexpression of NDNF led to enhanced blood flow recovery and capillary density in ischemic limbs of mice, which was accompanied by enhanced phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS. The stimulatory actions of NDNF on perfusion recovery in ischemic muscles of mice were abolished by eNOS deficiency or NOS inhibition. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated reduction of NDNF in muscles of mice resulted in reduction of perfusion recovery and phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS in response to ischemia. Our data indicate that NDNF acts as an endogenous modulator that promotes endothelial cell function and ischemia-induced revascularization through eNOS-dependent mechanisms. Thus, NDNF can represent a therapeutic target for the manipulation of ischemic vascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Ohashi
- From the Department of Molecular Cardiology and
| | - Takashi Enomoto
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yusuke Joki
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Rei Shibata
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ogura
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kataoka
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yuuki Shimizu
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kambara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yusuke Uemura
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yuasa
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Matsuo
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Satoko Hayakawa
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Mizuho Hiramatsu-Ito
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
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Nakamura K, Fuster JJ, Walsh K. Adipokines: a link between obesity and cardiovascular disease. J Cardiol 2014; 63:250-9. [PMID: 24355497 PMCID: PMC3989503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and myocardial infarction. Recent studies aimed at understanding the microenvironment of adipose tissue and its impact on systemic metabolism have shed light on the pathogenesis of obesity-linked cardiovascular diseases. Adipose tissue functions as an endocrine organ by secreting multiple immune-modulatory proteins known as adipokines. Obesity leads to increased expression of pro-inflammatory adipokines and diminished expression of anti-inflammatory adipokines, resulting in the development of a chronic, low-grade inflammatory state. This adipokine imbalance is thought to be a key event in promoting both systemic metabolic dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. This review will focus on the adipose tissue microenvironment and the role of adipokines in modulating systemic inflammatory responses that contribute to cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuto Nakamura
- Molecular Cardiology/Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - José J Fuster
- Molecular Cardiology/Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth Walsh
- Molecular Cardiology/Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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Howangyin KY, Silvestre JS. Diabetes mellitus and ischemic diseases: molecular mechanisms of vascular repair dysfunction. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:1126-35. [PMID: 24675660 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.303090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In patients with diabetes mellitus, the ability of ischemic tissue to synchronize the molecular and cellular events leading to restoration of tissue perfusion in response to the atherosclerotic occlusion of a patent artery is markedly impaired. As a consequence, adverse tissue remodeling and the extent of ischemic injury are intensified, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Growing evidence from preclinical and clinical studies has implicated alterations in hypoxia-inducible factor 1 levels in the abrogation of proangiogenic pathways, including vascular endothelial growth factor A/phosphoinositide 3' kinase/AKT/endothelial nitric oxide synthase and in the activation of antiangiogenic signals characterized by accumulation of advanced glycation end products, reactive oxygen species overproduction, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. In addition, the diabetic milieu shows a switch toward proinflammatory antiregenerative pathways. Finally, the mobilization, subsequent recruitment, and the proangiogenic potential of the different subsets of angiogenesis-promoting bone marrow-derived cells are markedly impaired in the diabetic environment. In this review, we will give an overview of the current understanding on the signaling molecules contributing to the diabetes mellitus-induced impairment of postischemic revascularization mainly in the setting of myocardial infarction or critical limb ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiave Yune Howangyin
- From the INSERM UMRS 970, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Bir SC, Pattillo CB, Pardue S, Kolluru GK, Shen X, Giordano T, Kevil CG. Nitrite anion therapy protects against chronic ischemic tissue injury in db/db diabetic mice in a NO/VEGF-dependent manner. Diabetes 2014; 63:270-81. [PMID: 24009258 PMCID: PMC4179307 DOI: 10.2337/db13-0890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Nitrite anion has been demonstrated to be a prodrug of nitric oxide (NO) with positive effects on tissue ischemia/reperfusion injury, cytoprotection, and vasodilation. However, effects of nitrite anion therapy for ischemic tissue vascular remodeling during diabetes remain unknown. We examined whether sodium nitrite therapy altered ischemic revascularization in BKS-Lepr(db/db) mice subjected to permanent unilateral femoral artery ligation. Sodium nitrite therapy completely restored ischemic hind limb blood flow compared with nitrate or PBS therapy. Importantly, delayed nitrite therapy 5 days after ischemia restored ischemic limb blood flow in aged diabetic mice. Restoration of blood flow was associated with increases in ischemic tissue angiogenesis activity and cell proliferation. Moreover, nitrite but not nitrate therapy significantly prevented ischemia-mediated tissue necrosis in aged mice. Nitrite therapy significantly increased ischemic tissue vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein expression that was essential for nitrite-mediated reperfusion of ischemic hind limbs. Nitrite significantly increased ischemic tissue NO bioavailability along with concomitant reduction of superoxide formation. Lastly, nitrite treatment also significantly stimulated hypoxic endothelial cell proliferation and migration in the presence of high glucose in an NO/VEGF-dependent manner. These results demonstrate that nitrite therapy effectively stimulates ischemic tissue vascular remodeling in the setting of metabolic dysfunction that may be clinically useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyamal C. Bir
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Christopher B. Pattillo
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Sibile Pardue
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Gopi K. Kolluru
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | - Xinggui Shen
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
| | | | - Christopher G. Kevil
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA
- TheraVasc Inc., Cleveland, OH
- Corresponding author: Christopher G. Kevil,
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Gonzalez-Quesada C, Cavalera M, Biernacka A, Kong P, Lee DW, Saxena A, Frunza O, Dobaczewski M, Shinde A, Frangogiannis NG. Thrombospondin-1 induction in the diabetic myocardium stabilizes the cardiac matrix in addition to promoting vascular rarefaction through angiopoietin-2 upregulation. Circ Res 2013; 113:1331-44. [PMID: 24081879 PMCID: PMC4408537 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.113.302593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Diabetes mellitus is associated with cardiac fibrosis. Matricellular proteins are induced in fibrotic conditions and modulate fibrogenic and angiogenic responses by regulating growth factor signaling. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to test the hypothesis that the prototypical matricellular protein thrombospondin (TSP)-1, a potent angiostatic molecule and crucial activator of transforming growth factor-β, may play a key role in remodeling of the diabetic heart. METHODS AND RESULTS Obese diabetic db/db mice exhibited marked myocardial TSP-1 upregulation in the interstitial and perivascular space. To study the role of TSP-1 in remodeling of the diabetic heart, we generated and characterized db/db TSP-1(-/-) (dbTSP) mice. TSP-1 disruption did not significantly affect weight gain and metabolic function in db/db animals. When compared with db/db animals, dbTSP mice had increased left ventricular dilation associated with mild nonprogressive systolic dysfunction. Chamber dilation in dbTSP mice was associated with decreased myocardial collagen content and accentuated matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 activity. TSP-1 disruption did not affect inflammatory gene expression and activation of transforming growth factor-β/small mothers against decapendaplegic signaling in the db/db myocardium. In cardiac fibroblasts populating collagen pads, TSP-1 incorporation into the matrix did not activate transforming growth factor-β responses, but inhibited leptin-induced matrix metalloproteinase-2 activation. TSP-1 disruption abrogated age-associated capillary rarefaction in db/db mice, attenuating myocardial upregulation of angiopoietin-2, a mediator that induces vascular regression. In vitro, TSP-1 stimulation increased macrophage, but not endothelial cell, angiopoietin-2 synthesis. CONCLUSIONS TSP-1 upregulation in the diabetic heart prevents chamber dilation by exerting matrix-preserving actions on cardiac fibroblasts and mediates capillary rarefaction through effects that may involve angiopoietin-2 upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Gonzalez-Quesada
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Michele Cavalera
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY
| | - Anna Biernacka
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Ping Kong
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY
| | - Dong-Wook Lee
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY
| | - Amit Saxena
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY
| | - Olga Frunza
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY
| | - Marcin Dobaczewski
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Arti Shinde
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY
| | - Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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Liu J, Wang Y, Akamatsu Y, Lee CC, Stetler RA, Lawton MT, Yang GY. Vascular remodeling after ischemic stroke: mechanisms and therapeutic potentials. Prog Neurobiol 2013; 115:138-56. [PMID: 24291532 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The brain vasculature has been increasingly recognized as a key player that directs brain development, regulates homeostasis, and contributes to pathological processes. Following ischemic stroke, the reduction of blood flow elicits a cascade of changes and leads to vascular remodeling. However, the temporal profile of vascular changes after stroke is not well understood. Growing evidence suggests that the early phase of cerebral blood volume (CBV) increase is likely due to the improvement in collateral flow, also known as arteriogenesis, whereas the late phase of CBV increase is attributed to the surge of angiogenesis. Arteriogenesis is triggered by shear fluid stress followed by activation of endothelium and inflammatory processes, while angiogenesis induces a number of pro-angiogenic factors and circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). The status of collaterals in acute stroke has been shown to have several prognostic implications, while the causal relationship between angiogenesis and improved functional recovery has yet to be established in patients. A number of interventions aimed at enhancing cerebral blood flow including increasing collateral recruitment are under clinical investigation. Transplantation of EPCs to improve angiogenesis is also underway. Knowledge in the underlying physiological mechanisms for improved arteriogenesis and angiogenesis shall lead to more effective therapies for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Liu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA.
| | - Yongting Wang
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Center, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai 200030, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yosuke Akamatsu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Chih Cheng Lee
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - R Anne Stetler
- Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Michael T Lawton
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Center, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai 200030, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Department of Neurology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China.
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Das S, Singh G, Baker AB. Overcoming disease-induced growth factor resistance in therapeutic angiogenesis using recombinant co-receptors delivered by a liposomal system. Biomaterials 2013; 35:196-205. [PMID: 24138828 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.09.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Current treatment options for ischemia include percutaneous interventions, surgical bypass or pharmacological interventions aimed at slowing the progression of vascular disease. Unfortunately, while each of these treatment modalities provides some benefit for patients in the short-term, many patients have resistant or recurrent disease that is poorly managed by these therapies. A highly appealing strategy for treating ischemic disease is to stimulate the revascularization of the tissue to restore blood flow. While many techniques have been explored in this regard, clinically effective angiogenic therapies remain elusive. Here, we hypothesized that the presence of co-morbid disease states inherently alters the ability of the body to respond to angiogenic therapies. Using a mouse model of diabetes and obesity, we examined alterations in the major components for the signaling pathways for FGF-2, VEGF-A and PDGF under normal and high fat dietary conditions. In skeletal muscle, a high fat diet increased levels of growth factor receptors and co-receptors including syndecan-1, syndecan-4 and PDGFR-α in wild-type mice. These increases did not occur in Ob/Ob mice on a high fat diet and there was a significant decrease in protein levels for neuropilin-1 and heparanase in these mice. With the aim of increasing growth factor effectiveness in the context of disease, we examined whether local treatment with alginate gel-delivered FGF-2 and syndecan-4 proteoliposomes could overcome the growth factor resistance in these mice. This treatment enhanced the formation of new blood vessels in Ob/Ob mice by 6 fold in comparison to FGF-2 delivered alone. Our studies support that disease states cause a profound shift in growth factor signaling pathways and that co-receptor-based therapies have potential to overcome growth factor resistance in the context of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhamoy Das
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Prakash R, Li W, Qu Z, Johnson MA, Fagan SC, Ergul A. Vascularization pattern after ischemic stroke is different in control versus diabetic rats: relevance to stroke recovery. Stroke 2013; 44:2875-82. [PMID: 23920018 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.113.001660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Pre-existing diabetes mellitus worsens brain functionality in ischemic stroke. We have previously shown that type 2 diabetic rats exhibit enhanced dysfunctional cerebral neovascularization and when these rats are subjected to cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury develop hemorrhagic transformation and greater neurological deficits. However, our knowledge of vascular and functional plasticity during the recovery phase of diabetic stroke is limited. This study tested the hypothesis that vascular repair is impaired in the poststroke period in diabetes mellitus, and this is associated with poor sensorimotor and cognitive function. We further hypothesized that glycemic control prevents impaired vascularization and improves functional outcome in diabetes mellitus. METHODS Vascularization was assessed in the ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres in control, diabetes mellitus and diabetes mellitus plus metformin groups 14 days after ischemic reperfusion injury, as well as in respective sham controls. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-stained vasculature was achieved by confocal microscopy, and stereological parameters, including vascular volume and surface area, were measured. Astrogliosis was determined by glial fibrillary acidic protein staining. The relative rates of sensorimotor recovery, cognitive decline, and spontaneous activity were assessed. RESULTS Vascular density in the peri-infarct area was significantly reduced in diabetes mellitus, whereas there was reparative neovascularization in control rats. Astroglial swelling and reactivity were more pronounced in diabetic stroke compared with control stroke. Diabetes mellitus blunted sensorimotor recovery and also exacerbated anxiety-like symptoms and cognitive deficits. Glycemic control started after stroke partially prevented these changes. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes mellitus impairs poststroke reparative neovascularization and impedes the recovery. Glycemic control after stroke can improve neurovascular repair and improve functional outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshini Prakash
- From the Department of Physiology, Charlie Norwood Veterans Administration Medical Center, Augusta, GA (R.P., W.L., S.C.F., A.E.); Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Augusta, GA (R.P., S.C.F., A.E.); and Departments of Physiology (W.L., Z.Q., A.E.), and Biostatistics (M.A.J.), Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA
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Platelet-derived growth factor C promotes revascularization in ischemic limbs of diabetic mice. J Vasc Surg 2013; 59:1402-9.e1-4. [PMID: 23856609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2013.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet-derived growth factor C (PDGF-C) has been reported to promote angiogenesis independently of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), although its significance in postnatal angiogenesis in vivo remains poorly understood. VEGF has been employed as a major molecular tool to induce therapeutic angiogenesis. However, VEGF therapy is not very effective in models of cardiovascular diseases associated with diabetes, and the mechanisms of this phenomenon still remain to be elucidated. METHODS We used a murine model of hind limb ischemia and of streptozotocin-induced diabetes. RESULTS Expression of PDGF-C and its receptor PDGFR-α were markedly upregulated in ischemic limbs. Treatment with a neutralizing antibody against PDGF-C significantly impaired blood flow recovery and neovascularization after ischemia almost to the same extent as a VEGF-neutralizing antibody. Mice deficient in PDGF-C exhibited reduced blood flow recovery after ischemia compared with wild-type mice, confirming a strong proangiogenic activity of PDGF-C. Next, we injected an expression vector encoding PDGF-C into ischemic limbs. Blood flow recovery and neovascularization after ischemia were significantly improved in the groups treated with PDGF-C compared with controls. Attenuation of angiogenic responses to ischemia has been reported in patients with diabetes even after VEGF treatment, although a precise mechanism remains unknown. We hypothesized that PDGF-C might relate to the impaired angiogenesis of diabetes. We tested this hypothesis by inducing diabetes by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Expression levels of PDGF-C at baseline and after ischemia were significantly lower in limb tissues of diabetic mice than in those of control mice, whereas expression levels of other members of the PDGF family and VEGF were not changed or were even higher in diabetic mice. Introduction of VEGF complementary DNA expression plasmid vector into ischemic limbs did not improve blood flow recovery. However, these changes were effectively reversed by additional introduction of the PDGF-C complementary DNA plasmid vector. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that downregulation of PDGF-C expression in limb tissues of diabetic mice contributes to impaired angiogenesis and suggest that introduction of PDGF-C might be a novel strategy for therapeutic angiogenesis, especially in the diabetic state. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Angiogenesis and arteriogenesis after ischemia are attenuated in most diabetic patients, although the precise mechanisms remain unclear. Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) have a variety of functions on many cell types, and PDGF-C stimulates angiogenesis and revascularizes ischemic tissues. This study indicates the role for PDGF-C as a critical regulator of impaired angiogenesis of diabetes and suggests that PDGF-C might be a novel target for the treatment of ischemic cardiovascular diseases in diabetes.
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Jesmin S, Akter S, Rahman MM, Islam MM, Islam AMS, Sultana SN, Mowa CN, Yamaguchi N, Okazaki O, Satoru K, Kimura S, Hiroe M, Mizutani T, Moroi M. Disruption of components of vascular endothelial growth factor angiogenic signalling system in metabolic syndrome. Findings from a study conducted in rural Bangladeshi women. Thromb Haemost 2013; 109:696-705. [PMID: 23364276 DOI: 10.1160/th12-09-0654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with impaired angiogenesis, a process that is chiefly regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) upon binding to its specific receptors, VEGF-R1 and VEGF-R2. The purpose of the present study was to assess trends or patterns in plasma levels of VEGF and its soluble receptors in subjects with (MetS) or without (non-MetS) MetS; and further examine their association with clinical or metabolic parameters using a subpopulation of South Asian country. A total of 1,802 rural Bangladeshi women aged ≥15 years were studied using a population-based cross-sectional survey. Plasma levels of VEGF were found to be significantly increased (MetS vs. non-MetS: 483.9 vs. 386.9, p<0.001), whereas, the soluble forms of VEGF receptors, sVEGF-R1 and sVEGF-R2, were significantly decreased in subjects with Mets (sVEGF-R1, MetS vs. non-MetS: 512.5 vs. 631.3, p<0.001; sVEGF-R2, MetS vs. non-MetS: 9,302.8 vs. 9,787.4, p=0.004). After adjustment for age and all potential variables, multiple regression analysis revealed that plasma levels of VEGF had significant positive association with blood glucose (p = 0.019) and body mass index (p = 0.007). We also found that mean plasma levels of VEGF increased in direct proportion to levels of MetS components. The present study is the first ever to demonstrate a positive association between trends in levels of plasma VEGF and MetS using a large sample size from South Asia. The association between plasma VEGF and MetS needs further investigations in order to clearly decipher the clinical predictive value and accuracy of plasma VEGF in MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrina Jesmin
- Subrina Jesmin, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
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Bir SC, Kolluru GK, McCarthy P, Shen X, Pardue S, Pattillo CB, Kevil CG. Hydrogen sulfide stimulates ischemic vascular remodeling through nitric oxide synthase and nitrite reduction activity regulating hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor-dependent angiogenesis. J Am Heart Assoc 2012; 1:e004093. [PMID: 23316304 PMCID: PMC3541625 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.112.004093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) therapy is recognized as a modulator of vascular function during tissue ischemia with the notion of potential interactions of nitric oxide (NO) metabolism. However, little is known about specific biochemical mechanisms or the importance of H2S activation of NO metabolism during ischemic tissue vascular remodeling. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of H2S on NO metabolism during chronic tissue ischemia and subsequent effects on ischemic vascular remodeling responses. Methods and Results The unilateral, permanent femoral artery ligation model of hind‐limb ischemia was performed in C57BL/6J wild‐type and endothelial NO synthase–knockout mice to evaluate exogenous H2S effects on NO bioavailability and ischemic revascularization. We found that H2S selectively restored chronic ischemic tissue function and viability by enhancing NO production involving both endothelial NO synthase and nitrite reduction mechanisms. Importantly, H2S increased ischemic tissue xanthine oxidase activity, hind‐limb blood flow, and angiogenesis, which were blunted by the xanthine oxidase inhibitor febuxostat. H2S treatment increased ischemic tissue and endothelial cell hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α expression and activity and vascular endothelial growth factor protein expression and function in a NO‐dependent manner that was required for ischemic vascular remodeling. Conclusions These data demonstrate that H2S differentially regulates NO metabolism during chronic tissue ischemia, highlighting novel biochemical pathways to increase NO bioavailability for ischemic vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyamal C Bir
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine, LSU Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
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Shiojima I, Schiekofer S, Schneider JG, Belisle K, Sato K, Andrassy M, Galasso G, Walsh K. Short-term akt activation in cardiac muscle cells improves contractile function in failing hearts. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2012; 181:1969-76. [PMID: 23031259 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Akt is a serine/threonine protein kinase that is activated by a variety of growth factors or cytokines in a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent manner. By using a conditional transgenic system in which Akt signaling can be turned on or off in the adult heart, we previously showed that short-term Akt activation induces a physiological form of cardiac hypertrophy with enhanced coronary angiogenesis and maintained contractility. Here we tested the hypothesis that induction of physiological hypertrophy by short-term Akt activation might improve contractile function in failing hearts. When Akt signaling transiently was activated in murine hearts with impaired contractility, induced by pressure overload or doxorubicin treatment, contractile dysfunction was attenuated in both cases. Importantly, improvement of contractility was observed before the development of cardiac hypertrophy, indicating that Akt activation improves contractile function independently of its growth-promoting effects. To gain mechanistic insights into Akt-mediated positive inotropic effects, transcriptional profiles in the heart were determined in a pressure overload-induced heart failure model. Biological network analysis of differentially expressed transcripts revealed significant alterations in the expression of genes associated with cell death, and these alterations were reversed by short-term Akt activation. Thus, short-term Akt activation improves contractile function in failing hearts. This beneficial effect of Akt on contractility is hypertrophy-independent and may be mediated in part by inhibition of cell death associated with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Shiojima
- Molecular Cardiology/Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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de Sousa APC, Paraguassú GM, Silveira NTT, de Souza J, Cangussú MCT, dos Santos JN, Pinheiro ALB. Laser and LED phototherapies on angiogenesis. Lasers Med Sci 2012; 28:981-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-012-1187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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