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Ali T, Li D, Ponnamperumage TNF, Peterson AK, Pandey J, Fatima K, Brzezinski J, Jakusz JAR, Gao H, Koelsch GE, Murugan DS, Peng X. Generation of Hydrogen Peroxide in Cancer Cells: Advancing Therapeutic Approaches for Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2171. [PMID: 38927877 PMCID: PMC11201821 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16122171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells show altered antioxidant defense systems, dysregulated redox signaling, and increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Targeting cancer cells through ROS-mediated mechanisms has emerged as a significant therapeutic strategy due to its implications in cancer progression, survival, and resistance. Extensive research has focused on selective generation of H2O2 in cancer cells for selective cancer cell killing by employing various strategies such as metal-based prodrugs, photodynamic therapy, enzyme-based systems, nano-particle mediated approaches, chemical modulators, and combination therapies. Many of these H2O2-amplifying approaches have demonstrated promising anticancer effects and selectivity in preclinical investigations. They selectively induce cytotoxicity in cancer cells while sparing normal cells, sensitize resistant cells, and modulate the tumor microenvironment. However, challenges remain in achieving selectivity, addressing tumor heterogeneity, ensuring efficient delivery, and managing safety and toxicity. To address those issues, H2O2-generating agents have been combined with other treatments leading to optimized combination therapies. This review focuses on various chemical agents/approaches that kill cancer cells via H2O2-mediated mechanisms. Different categories of compounds that selectively generate H2O2 in cancer cells are summarized, their underlying mechanisms and function are elucidated, preclinical and clinical studies as well as recent advancements are discussed, and their prospects as targeted therapeutic agents and their therapeutic utility in combination with other treatments are explored. By understanding the potential of these compounds, researchers can pave the way for the development of effective and personalized cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaohua Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3210 N. Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA; (T.A.); (D.L.); (T.N.F.P.); (A.K.P.); (J.P.); (K.F.); (J.B.); (J.A.R.J.); (H.G.); (G.E.K.); (D.S.M.)
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2
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Mallard J, Hucteau E, Bender L, Moinard‐Butot F, Rochelle E, Boutonnet L, Grandperrin A, Schott R, Pflumio C, Trensz P, Kalish‐Weindling M, Charles A, Gény B, Favret F, Pivot X, Hureau TJ, Pagano AF. A single chemotherapy administration induces muscle atrophy, mitochondrial alterations and apoptosis in breast cancer patients. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024; 15:292-305. [PMID: 38183352 PMCID: PMC10834353 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer patients are commonly treated with sequential administrations of epirubicin-cyclophosphamide (EC) and paclitaxel (TAX). The chronic effect of this treatment induces skeletal muscle alterations, but the specific effect of each chemotherapy agent is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect of EC or TAX administration on skeletal muscle homeostasis in breast cancer patients. METHODS Twenty early breast cancer patients undergoing EC followed by TAX chemotherapies were included. Two groups of 10 women were established and performed vastus lateralis skeletal muscle biopsies either before the first administration (pre) of EC (50 ± 14 years) or TAX (50 ± 16 years) and 4 days later (post). Mitochondrial respiratory capacity recording, reactive oxygen species production, western blotting and histological analyses were performed. RESULTS Decrease in muscle fibres cross-sectional area was only observed post-EC (-25%; P < 0.001), associated with a reduction in mitochondrial respiratory capacity for the complex I (CI)-linked substrate state (-32%; P = 0.001), oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) by CI (-35%; P = 0.002), CI&CII (-26%; P = 0.022) and CII (-24%; P = 0.027). If H2 O2 production was unchanged post-EC, an increase was observed post-TAX for OXPHOS by CII (+25%; P = 0.022). We found a decrease in makers of mitochondrial content, as shown post-EC by a decrease in the protein levels of citrate synthase (-53%; P < 0.001) and VDAC (-39%; P < 0.001). Despite no changes in markers of mitochondrial fission, a decrease in the expression of a marker of mitochondrial inner-membrane fusion was found post-EC (OPA1; -60%; P < 0.001). We explored markers of mitophagy and found reductions post-EC in the protein levels of PINK1 (-63%; P < 0.001) and Parkin (-56%; P = 0.005), without changes post-TAX. An increasing trend in Bax protein level was found post-EC (+96%; P = 0.068) and post-TAX (+77%; P = 0.073), while the Bcl-2 level was decreased only post-EC (-52%; P = 0.007). If an increasing trend in TUNEL-positive signal was observed post-EC (+68%; P = 0.082), upregulation was highlighted post-TAX (+86%; P < 0.001), suggesting activation of the apoptosis process. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that a single administration of EC induced, in only 4 days, skeletal muscle atrophy and mitochondrial alterations in breast cancer patients. These alterations were characterized by reductions in mitochondrial function and content as well as impairment of mitochondrial dynamics and an increase in apoptosis. TAX administration did not worsen these alterations as this group had already received EC during the preceding weeks. However, it resulted in an increased apoptosis, likely in response to the increased H2 O2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris Mallard
- Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg (CRBS), UR 3072, “Mitochondrie, Stress oxydant et Plasticité musculaire”University of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- Faculty of Sport SciencesUniversity of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe (ICANS)StrasbourgFrance
| | - Elyse Hucteau
- Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg (CRBS), UR 3072, “Mitochondrie, Stress oxydant et Plasticité musculaire”University of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- Faculty of Sport SciencesUniversity of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe (ICANS)StrasbourgFrance
| | - Laura Bender
- Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe (ICANS)StrasbourgFrance
| | | | - Emma Rochelle
- Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg (CRBS), UR 3072, “Mitochondrie, Stress oxydant et Plasticité musculaire”University of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- Faculty of Sport SciencesUniversity of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Lauréline Boutonnet
- Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg (CRBS), UR 3072, “Mitochondrie, Stress oxydant et Plasticité musculaire”University of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Antoine Grandperrin
- Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg (CRBS), UR 3072, “Mitochondrie, Stress oxydant et Plasticité musculaire”University of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- Faculty of Sport SciencesUniversity of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Roland Schott
- Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe (ICANS)StrasbourgFrance
| | - Carole Pflumio
- Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe (ICANS)StrasbourgFrance
| | - Philippe Trensz
- Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe (ICANS)StrasbourgFrance
| | | | - Anne‐Laure Charles
- Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg (CRBS), UR 3072, “Mitochondrie, Stress oxydant et Plasticité musculaire”University of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- Faculty of medicineUniversity of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Bernard Gény
- Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg (CRBS), UR 3072, “Mitochondrie, Stress oxydant et Plasticité musculaire”University of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- Faculty of medicineUniversity of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- Department of Physiology and Functional ExplorationsUniversity Hospital of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Fabrice Favret
- Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg (CRBS), UR 3072, “Mitochondrie, Stress oxydant et Plasticité musculaire”University of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- Faculty of Sport SciencesUniversity of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Xavier Pivot
- Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe (ICANS)StrasbourgFrance
| | - Thomas J. Hureau
- Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg (CRBS), UR 3072, “Mitochondrie, Stress oxydant et Plasticité musculaire”University of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- Faculty of Sport SciencesUniversity of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Allan F. Pagano
- Biomedicine Research Center of Strasbourg (CRBS), UR 3072, “Mitochondrie, Stress oxydant et Plasticité musculaire”University of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
- Faculty of Sport SciencesUniversity of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
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3
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Perez-Araluce M, Jüngst T, Sanmartin C, Prosper F, Plano D, Mazo MM. Biomaterials-Based Antioxidant Strategies for the Treatment of Oxidative Stress Diseases. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:23. [PMID: 38248597 PMCID: PMC10813727 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is characterized by an increase in reactive oxygen species or a decrease in antioxidants in the body. This imbalance leads to detrimental effects, including inflammation and multiple chronic diseases, ranging from impaired wound healing to highly impacting pathologies in the neural and cardiovascular systems, or the bone, amongst others. However, supplying compounds with antioxidant activity is hampered by their low bioavailability. The development of biomaterials with antioxidant capacity is poised to overcome this roadblock. Moreover, in the treatment of chronic inflammation, material-based strategies would allow the controlled and targeted release of antioxidants into the affected tissue. In this review, we revise the main causes and effects of oxidative stress, and survey antioxidant biomaterials used for the treatment of chronic wounds, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases (focusing on cardiac infarction, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and atherosclerosis) and osteoporosis. We anticipate that these developments will lead to the emergence of new technologies for tissue engineering, control of oxidative stress and prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Perez-Araluce
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Enabling Technologies Division, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Tomasz Jüngst
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication, University of Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Carmen Sanmartin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Felipe Prosper
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Cancer (CIBERONC) CB16/12/00489, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Hemato-Oncology Program, Cancer Division, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel Plano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Manuel M. Mazo
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Enabling Technologies Division, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
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4
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Deng J, Jiang Y, Chen ZB, Rhee JW, Deng Y, Wang ZV. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cardiac Arrhythmias. Cells 2023; 12:679. [PMID: 36899814 PMCID: PMC10001005 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrophysiological and structural disruptions in cardiac arrhythmias are closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondria are an organelle generating ATP, thereby satisfying the energy demand of the incessant electrical activity in the heart. In arrhythmias, the homeostatic supply-demand relationship is impaired, which is often accompanied by progressive mitochondrial dysfunction leading to reduced ATP production and elevated reactive oxidative species generation. Furthermore, ion homeostasis, membrane excitability, and cardiac structure can be disrupted through pathological changes in gap junctions and inflammatory signaling, which results in impaired cardiac electrical homeostasis. Herein, we review the electrical and molecular mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias, with a particular focus on mitochondrial dysfunction in ionic regulation and gap junction action. We provide an update on inherited and acquired mitochondrial dysfunction to explore the pathophysiology of different types of arrhythmias. In addition, we highlight the role of mitochondria in bradyarrhythmia, including sinus node dysfunction and atrioventricular node dysfunction. Finally, we discuss how confounding factors, such as aging, gut microbiome, cardiac reperfusion injury, and electrical stimulation, modulate mitochondrial function and cause tachyarrhythmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jielin Deng
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Yunqiu Jiang
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Zhen Bouman Chen
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - June-Wha Rhee
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Yingfeng Deng
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Zhao V. Wang
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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Duan J, Zhang F, Lu M, Deng W, Zhai Y, Zhao Y, He L, Bai Z, Wang Y, Zhang C. Swietenine and swietenolide from Swietenia macrophylla king improve insulin secretion and attenuate apoptosis in H 2 O 2 induced INS-1 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:2780-2792. [PMID: 36214338 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important factor that causes pancreatic β-cell dysfunction leading to the development and aggravation of diabetes. Swietenine (Stn) and swietenolide (Std) were isolated from the fruits of Swietenia macrophylla King and had the potential effects on treatment and prevention of diabetes. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Stn and Std on insulin secretion and apoptosis in H2 O2 induced insulinoma cell line (INS-1) cells. In the present study, INS-1 cells were treated with 300 μM H2 O2 for 4 h to establish the oxidative damage model. Cell apoptosis, insulin secretion, reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) levels, and Caspase-3 enzyme activity were measured via corresponding methods. Finally, pancreatic duodenal home box factor-1 (PDX-1), B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), and Bax protein expression were detected by western blot. Experimental results showed that Stn and Std could significantly improve the INS-1 cell viability, increase the secretion of insulin and reduce the ROS level in H2 O2 induced INS-1 cells. Furthermore, the SOD and GSH levels increased, and the MDA levels decreased compared with the model group after Stn and Std treatment. In addition, after treated with Stn and Std, cell apoptosis was improved, and the activity of Caspase 3 was also significantly inhibited. Meanwhile, Western blot results showed that Stn and Std could up-regulate the expression of PDX-1 protein, and affect the cell apoptosis pathway by up-regulating the expression of Bcl-2 protein and down-regulating the expression of Bax protein. In conclusion, Stn and Std can signifcantly improve the insulin secretion function, protect oxidative stress injury, and reduce apoptosis in H2 O2 induced INS-1 cells, which provides a research basis for Stn and Std to be new drug candidates for the treatment and prevention of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mengyuan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yutong Zhai
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yangqi Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Liangliang He
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhonghui Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yongjian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chunping Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Lozhkin A, Vendrov AE, Ramos-Mondragón R, Canugovi C, Stevenson MD, Herron TJ, Hummel SL, Figueroa CA, Bowles DE, Isom LL, Runge MS, Madamanchi NR. Mitochondrial oxidative stress contributes to diastolic dysfunction through impaired mitochondrial dynamics. Redox Biol 2022; 57:102474. [PMID: 36183542 PMCID: PMC9530618 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diastolic dysfunction (DD) underlies heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), a clinical syndrome associated with aging that is becoming more prevalent. Despite extensive clinical studies, no effective treatment exists for HFpEF. Recent findings suggest that oxidative stress contributes to the pathophysiology of DD, but molecular mechanisms underpinning redox-sensitive cardiac remodeling in DD remain obscure. Using transgenic mice with mitochondria-targeted NOX4 overexpression (Nox4TG618) as a model, we demonstrate that NOX4-dependent mitochondrial oxidative stress induces DD in mice as measured by increased E/E', isovolumic relaxation time, Tau Glantz and reduced dP/dtmin while EF is preserved. In Nox4TG618 mice, fragmentation of cardiomyocyte mitochondria, increased DRP1 phosphorylation, decreased expression of MFN2, and a higher percentage of apoptotic cells in the myocardium are associated with lower ATP-driven and maximal mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates, a decrease in respiratory reserve, and a decrease in citrate synthase and Complex I activities. Transgenic mice have an increased concentration of TGFβ and osteopontin in LV lysates, as well as MCP-1 in plasma, which correlates with a higher percentage of LV myocardial periostin- and ACTA2-positive cells compared with wild-type mice. Accordingly, the levels of ECM as measured by Picrosirius Red staining as well as interstitial deposition of collagen I are elevated in the myocardium of Nox4TG618 mice. The LV tissue of Nox4TG618 mice also exhibited increased ICaL current, calpain 2 expression, and altered/disrupted Z-disc structure. As it pertains to human pathology, similar changes were found in samples of LV from patients with DD. Finally, treatment with GKT137831, a specific NOX1 and NOX4 inhibitor, or overexpression of mCAT attenuated myocardial fibrosis and prevented DD in the Nox4TG618 mice. Together, our results indicate that mitochondrial oxidative stress contributes to DD by causing mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired mitochondrial dynamics, increased synthesis of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokines, activation of fibroblasts, and the accumulation of extracellular matrix, which leads to interstitial fibrosis and passive stiffness of the myocardium. Further, mitochondrial oxidative stress increases cardiomyocyte Ca2+ influx, which worsens CM relaxation and raises the LV filling pressure in conjunction with structural proteolytic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Lozhkin
- 1150 West Medical Center Drive, 7200 Medical Science Research Building III, Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48019, USA
| | - Aleksandr E Vendrov
- 1150 West Medical Center Drive, 7200 Medical Science Research Building III, Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48019, USA
| | - R Ramos-Mondragón
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Chandrika Canugovi
- 1150 West Medical Center Drive, 7200 Medical Science Research Building III, Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48019, USA
| | - Mark D Stevenson
- 1150 West Medical Center Drive, 7200 Medical Science Research Building III, Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48019, USA
| | - Todd J Herron
- Frankel Cardiovascular Regeneration Core Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Scott L Hummel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - C Alberto Figueroa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Dawn E Bowles
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lori L Isom
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Marschall S Runge
- 1150 West Medical Center Drive, 7200 Medical Science Research Building III, Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48019, USA
| | - Nageswara R Madamanchi
- 1150 West Medical Center Drive, 7200 Medical Science Research Building III, Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48019, USA.
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Huang P, Luo FJ, Ma YC, Wang SX, Huang J, Qin DD, Xue FF, Liu BY, Wu Q, Wang XL, Liu GQ. Dual antioxidant activity and the related mechanisms of a novel pentapeptide GLP4 from the fermented mycelia of Ganoderma lingzhi. Food Funct 2022; 13:9032-9048. [PMID: 35943028 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01572b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress causes chronic inflammation, and mediates various diseases. The discovery of antioxidants from natural sources is important to research. Here we identified a novel antioxidant peptide (GLP4) from Ganoderma lingzhi mycelium and investigated its antioxidant type and potential protective mechanisms. Through free radical scavenging assay, active site shielding validation, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity assay, and lipid peroxidation assay, we demonstrated that GLP4 was a novel protective agent with both direct and indirect antioxidant activities. GLP4 could directly enter human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as an exogenous substance. Meanwhile, GLP4 promoted the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and activated the Nrf2/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway, exhibiting antioxidant and anti-apoptotic cytoprotective effects on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced HUVECs. Pull-down experiments of GLP4 target proteins, bioinformatics analysis and molecular docking further revealed that GLP4 mediated Nrf2 activation through binding to phosphoglycerate mutase 5 (PGAM5). The results suggested that GLP4 is a novel peptide with dual antioxidant activity and has promising potential as a protective agent in preventing oxidative stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Huang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology & International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology Innovation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China. .,Microbial Variety Creation Center, Yuelushan National Laboratory of Seed Industry, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Fei-Jun Luo
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, National Engineering Research Center for Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - You-Chu Ma
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology & International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology Innovation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China. .,Microbial Variety Creation Center, Yuelushan National Laboratory of Seed Industry, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Si-Xian Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology & International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology Innovation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China. .,Microbial Variety Creation Center, Yuelushan National Laboratory of Seed Industry, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jia Huang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology & International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology Innovation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China. .,Microbial Variety Creation Center, Yuelushan National Laboratory of Seed Industry, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Dan-Dan Qin
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, National Engineering Research Center for Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Fei-Fei Xue
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology & International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology Innovation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China. .,Microbial Variety Creation Center, Yuelushan National Laboratory of Seed Industry, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Bi-Yang Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology & International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology Innovation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China. .,Microbial Variety Creation Center, Yuelushan National Laboratory of Seed Industry, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology & International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology Innovation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China. .,Microbial Variety Creation Center, Yuelushan National Laboratory of Seed Industry, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology & International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology Innovation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China. .,Microbial Variety Creation Center, Yuelushan National Laboratory of Seed Industry, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Gao-Qiang Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology & International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology Innovation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China. .,Microbial Variety Creation Center, Yuelushan National Laboratory of Seed Industry, Changsha 410004, China
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Hu W, Yang C, Guo X, Wu Y, Loh XJ, Li Z, Wu YL, Wu C. Research Advances of Injectable Functional Hydrogel Materials in the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction. Gels 2022; 8:423. [PMID: 35877508 PMCID: PMC9316750 DOI: 10.3390/gels8070423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) has become one of the serious diseases threatening human life and health. However, traditional treatment methods for MI have some limitations, such as irreversible myocardial necrosis and cardiac dysfunction. Fortunately, recent endeavors have shown that hydrogel materials can effectively prevent negative remodeling of the heart and improve the heart function and long-term prognosis of patients with MI due to their good biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and electrical conductivity. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the research progress of injectable hydrogel in the treatment of MI in recent years and to introduce the rational design of injectable hydrogels in myocardial repair. Finally, the potential challenges and perspectives of injectable hydrogel in this field will be discussed, in order to provide theoretical guidance for the development of new and effective treatment strategies for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (W.H.); (X.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Cui Yang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China;
| | - Xiaodan Guo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (W.H.); (X.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yihong Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (W.H.); (X.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore;
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore;
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE) Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Yun-Long Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (W.H.); (X.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Caisheng Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (W.H.); (X.G.); (Y.W.)
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9
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Norton CE, Shaw RL, Mittler R, Segal SS. Endothelial cells promote smooth muscle cell resilience to H 2 O 2 -induced cell death in mouse cerebral arteries. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2022; 235:e13819. [PMID: 35380737 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM Brain injury produces reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, little is known of how acute oxidative stress affects cell survival in the cerebral vascular supply. We hypothesized that endothelial cells (ECs) are more resilient to H2 O2 and protect vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) during acute oxidative stress. METHODS Mouse posterior cerebral arteries (PCAs; diameter, ~80 µm) were exposed to H2 O2 (200 µM, 50 min, 37°C). Nuclear staining identified dead and live cells of intact and endothelium-disrupted vessels. SMC [Ca2+ ]i was assessed with Fura-2 fluorescence, and superoxide production was assessed by dihydroethidium and MitoSOX fluorescence. RESULTS In response to H2 O2 : SMC death (21%) exceeded EC death (5%) and increased following endothelial disruption (to 48%) with a corresponding increase in SMC Ca2+ entry through transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. Whereas pharmacological inhibition of TRPV4 channels prevented SMC death and reduced Ca2+ entry for intact vessels, both remained elevated following endothelial disruption. In contrast, pharmacological inhibition or genetic deletion of TRPC3 prevented SMC death and attenuated Ca2+ entry for both intact and endothelium-disrupted vessels. Inhibiting gap junctions increased EC death (to 22%) while SMC death and [Ca2+ ]i responses were attenuated by inhibiting nitric oxide synthesis or scavenging superoxide/peroxynitrite. Inhibiting NADPH oxidases also prevented SMC Ca2+ entry and death. H2 O2 increased mitochondrial ROS production while scavenging mitochondria-derived superoxide prevented SMC death but not Ca2+ entry. CONCLUSIONS During acute exposure of cerebral arteries to acute oxidative stress, ECs are more resilient than SMCs and the endothelium may protect SMCs by reducing Ca2+ entry through TRPC3 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E. Norton
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
| | - Rebecca L. Shaw
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- Department of Surgery University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
| | - Steven S. Segal
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center Columbia Missouri USA
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10
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Zhang D, Tu H, Hu W, Duan B, Zimmerman MC, Li YL. Hydrogen Peroxide Scavenging Restores N-Type Calcium Channels in Cardiac Vagal Postganglionic Neurons and Mitigates Myocardial Infarction-Evoked Ventricular Arrhythmias in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:871852. [PMID: 35548411 PMCID: PMC9082497 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.871852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveWithdrawal of cardiac vagal activity is associated with ventricular arrhythmia-related high mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our recent study found that reduced cell excitability of cardiac vagal postganglionic (CVP) neurons is involved in cardiac vagal dysfunction and further exacerbates myocardial infarction (MI)-evoked ventricular arrhythmias and mortality in T2DM. However, the mechanisms responsible for T2DM-impaired cell excitability of CVP neurons remain unclear. This study tested if and how elevation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) inactivates CVP neurons and contributes to cardiac vagal dysfunction and ventricular arrhythmogenesis in T2DM.Methods and ResultsRat T2DM was induced by a high-fat diet plus streptozotocin injection. Local in vivo transfection of adenoviral catalase gene (Ad.CAT) successfully induced overexpression of catalase and subsequently reduced cytosolic H2O2 levels in CVP neurons in T2DM rats. Ad.CAT restored protein expression and ion currents of N-type Ca2+ channels and increased cell excitability of CVP neurons in T2DM. Ad.CAT normalized T2DM-impaired cardiac vagal activation, vagal control of ventricular function, and heterogeneity of ventricular electrical activity. Additionally, Ad.CAT not only reduced the susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias, but also suppressed MI-evoked lethal ventricular arrhythmias such as VT/VF in T2DM.ConclusionsWe concluded that endogenous H2O2 elevation inhibited protein expression and activation of N-type Ca2+ channels and reduced cell excitability of CVP neurons, which further contributed to the withdrawal of cardiac vagal activity and ventricular arrhythmogenesis in T2DM. Our current study suggests that the H2O2-N-type Ca2+ channel signaling axis might be an effective therapeutic target to suppress ventricular arrhythmias in T2DM patients with MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongze Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Huiyin Tu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Wenfeng Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Bin Duan
- Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Matthew C. Zimmerman
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Yu-Long Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- *Correspondence: Yu-Long Li
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11
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Mitochondrial Ca 2+ Homeostasis: Emerging Roles and Clinical Significance in Cardiac Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063025. [PMID: 35328444 PMCID: PMC8954803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the sites of oxidative metabolism in eukaryotes where the metabolites of sugars, fats, and amino acids are oxidized to harvest energy. Notably, mitochondria store Ca2+ and work in synergy with organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum and extracellular matrix to control the dynamic balance of Ca2+ concentration in cells. Mitochondria are the vital organelles in heart tissue. Mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis is particularly important for maintaining the physiological and pathological mechanisms of the heart. Mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis plays a key role in the regulation of cardiac energy metabolism, mechanisms of death, oxygen free radical production, and autophagy. The imbalance of mitochondrial Ca2+ balance is closely associated with cardiac remodeling. The mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (mtCU) protein complex is responsible for the uptake and release of mitochondrial Ca2+ and regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis in mitochondria and consequently, in cells. This review summarizes the mechanisms of mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis in physiological and pathological cardiac remodeling and the regulatory effects of the mitochondrial calcium regulatory complex on cardiac energy metabolism, cell death, and autophagy, and also provides the theoretical basis for mitochondrial Ca2+ as a novel target for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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12
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The Oxidative Balance Orchestrates the Main Keystones of the Functional Activity of Cardiomyocytes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7714542. [PMID: 35047109 PMCID: PMC8763515 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7714542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review is aimed at providing an overview of the key hallmarks of cardiomyocytes in physiological and pathological conditions. The main feature of cardiac tissue is the force generation through contraction. This process requires a conspicuous energy demand and therefore an active metabolism. The cardiac tissue is rich of mitochondria, the powerhouses in cells. These organelles, producing ATP, are also the main sources of ROS whose altered handling can cause their accumulation and therefore triggers detrimental effects on mitochondria themselves and other cell components thus leading to apoptosis and cardiac diseases. This review highlights the metabolic aspects of cardiomyocytes and wanders through the main systems of these cells: (a) the unique structural organization (such as different protein complexes represented by contractile, regulatory, and structural proteins); (b) the homeostasis of intracellular Ca2+ that represents a crucial ion for cardiac functions and E-C coupling; and (c) the balance of Zn2+, an ion with a crucial impact on the cardiovascular system. Although each system seems to be independent and finely controlled, the contractile proteins, intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, and intracellular Zn2+ signals are strongly linked to each other by the intracellular ROS management in a fascinating way to form a "functional tetrad" which ensures the proper functioning of the myocardium. Nevertheless, if ROS balance is not properly handled, one or more of these components could be altered resulting in deleterious effects leading to an unbalance of this "tetrad" and promoting cardiovascular diseases. In conclusion, this "functional tetrad" is proposed as a complex network that communicates continuously in the cardiomyocytes and can drive the switch from physiological to pathological conditions in the heart.
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13
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Gong L, Zhang X, Qiu K, He L, Wang Y, Yin J. Arginine promotes myogenic differentiation and myotube formation through the elevation of cytoplasmic calcium concentration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 7:1115-1123. [PMID: 34738042 PMCID: PMC8543491 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the mechanism underlying arginine-promoted myogenesis of myoblasts. C2C12 cells were cultured with a medium containing 0.1, 0.4, 0.8, or 1.2 mmol/L arginine, respectively. Cell proliferation, viability, differentiation indexes, cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration, and relative mRNA expression levels of myogenic regulatory factors (MRF) and key Ca2+ channels were measured in the absence or presence of 2 chemical inhibitors, dantrolene (DAN, 10 μmol/L) and nisoldipine (NIS, 10 μmol/L), respectively. Results demonstrated that arginine promoted myogenic differentiation and myotube formation. Compared with the control (0.4 mmol/L arginine), 1.2 mmol/L arginine upregulated the relative mRNA expression levels of myogenin (MyoG) and Myomaker at d 2 during myogenic induction (P < 0.05). Cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentrations were significantly elevated by arginine supplementation at d 2 and 4 (P < 0.05). Relative mRNA expression levels of Ca2+ channels including the type 1 ryanodine receptor (RyR1) and voltage-gated Ca2+ channel (Cav1.1) were upregulated by 1.2 mmol/L arginine during 2-d myogenic induction (P < 0.01). However, arginine-promoted myogenic potential of myoblasts was remarkably compromised by DAN and NIS, respectively (P < 0.05). These findings evidenced that the supplementation of arginine promoted myogenic differentiation and myotube formation through increasing cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration from both extracellular and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Kai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Linjuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yubo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jingdong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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14
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Yoo HY, Kim SJ. Oxygen-dependent regulation of ion channels: acute responses, post-translational modification, and response to chronic hypoxia. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:1589-1602. [PMID: 34142209 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02590-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen is a vital element for the survival of cells in multicellular aerobic organisms such as mammals. Lack of O2 availability caused by environmental or pathological conditions leads to hypoxia. Active oxygen distribution systems (pulmonary and circulatory) and their neural control mechanisms ensure that cells and tissues remain oxygenated. However, O2-carrying blood cells as well as immune and various parenchymal cells experience wide variations in partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) in vivo. Hence, the reactive modulation of the functions of the oxygen distribution systems and their ability to sense PO2 are critical. Elucidating the physiological responses of cells to variations in PO2 and determining the PO2-sensing mechanisms at the biomolecular level have attracted considerable research interest in the field of physiology. Herein, we review the current knowledge regarding ion channel-dependent oxygen sensing and associated signalling pathways in mammals. First, we present the recent findings on O2-sensing ion channels in representative chemoreceptor cells as well as in other types of cells such as immune cells. Furthermore, we highlight the transcriptional regulation of ion channels under chronic hypoxia and its physiological implications and summarize the findings of studies on the post-translational modification of ion channels under hypoxic or ischemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Young Yoo
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joon Kim
- Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea. .,Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Wang M, Liu Y, Liang Y, Naruse K, Takahashi K. Systematic Understanding of Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress-Related Conditions-Diabetes Mellitus, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:649785. [PMID: 33928135 PMCID: PMC8076504 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.649785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a role in intracellular signal transduction under physiological conditions while also playing an essential role in diseases such as hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and diabetes, as well as in the process of aging. The influence of ROS has some influence on the frequent occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in diabetic patients. In this review, we considered the pathophysiological relationship between diabetes and CVD from the perspective of ROS. In addition, considering organ damage due to ROS elevation during ischemia-reperfusion, we discussed heart and lung injuries. Furthermore, we have focused on the transient receptor potential (TRP) channels and L-type calcium channels as molecular targets for ROS in ROS-induced tissue damages and have discussed about the pathophysiological mechanism of the injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ken Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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16
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Zhang H, Liu X, Fan Y, Yu Y, Loor JJ, Elsabagh M, Peng A, Wang H. l-Arginine Alleviates Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Damage in Ovine Intestinal Epithelial Cells by Regulating Apoptosis, Mitochondrial Function, and Autophagy. J Nutr 2021; 151:1038-1046. [PMID: 33693729 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies demonstrated that dietary l-arginine (Arg) alters the equilibrium between reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and biological defenses to resist oxidant-induced toxicity. Whether supplying Arg can protect ovine intestinal epithelial cells (OIECs) from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative damage is unclear. OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to examine the effect of Arg on mitophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis induced by H2O2 in OIECs. METHODS The OIECs were incubated in Arg-free DMEM supplemented with 100 μM Arg (CON) or 350 μM Arg (ARG) alone or with 150 μM H2O2 (CON + H2O2, ARG + H2O2) for 24 h. Cellular apoptosis, mitochondrial function, autophagy, and the related categories of genes and proteins were determined. All data were analyzed by ANOVA using the general linear model procedures of SAS (SAS Institute) for a 2 × 2 factorial design. RESULTS Relative to the CON and ARG groups, H2O2 administration resulted in 44.9% and 26.5% lower (P < 0.05) cell viability but 34.7% and 61.8% greater (P < 0.05) ROS concentration in OIECs, respectively. Compared with the CON and CON + H2O2 groups, Arg supplementation led to 40.7% and 28.8% lower (P < 0.05) ROS concentration but 14.9%-49.0% and 29.3%-64.1% greater (P < 0.05) mitochondrial membrane potential, relative mitochondrial DNA content, and complex (I-IV) activity in OIECs, respectively. Compared with the CON and CON + H2O2 groups, Arg supplementation led to 33.9%-53.1% and 22.4%-49.1% lower (P < 0.05) mRNA abundance of proapoptotic genes, respectively. Relative to the CON and CON + H2O2 groups, Arg supplementation resulted in 33.0%-59.2% and 14.6%-37.7% lower (P < 0.05) abundance of proapoptotic, mitophagy, and cytoplasmic cytochrome c protein, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Supply of Arg protects OIECs against H2O2-induced damage partly by improving mitochondrial function and alleviating cellular apoptosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yaotian Fan
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yin Yu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Juan J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Mabrouk Elsabagh
- Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey.,Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Along Peng
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Wongtanasarasin W, Siri-Angkul N, Wittayachamnankul B, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Mitochondrial dysfunction in fatal ventricular arrhythmias. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 231:e13624. [PMID: 33555138 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Ventricular fibrillation (VF) and sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) remain some of the most important public health concerns worldwide. For the past 50 years, the recommendation in the Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) guidelines has been that defibrillation is the only option for shockable cardiac arrest. There is growing evidence to demonstrate that mitochondria play a vital role in the outcome of postresuscitation cardiac function. Although targeting mitochondria to improve resuscitation outcome following cardiac arrest has been proposed for many years, understanding concerning the changes in mitochondria during cardiac arrest, especially in the case of VF, is still limited. In addition, despite new research initiatives and improved medical technology, the overall survival rates of patients with SCA still remain the same. Understanding cardiac mitochondrial alterations during fatal arrhythmias may help to enable the formulation of strategies to improve the outcomes of resuscitation. The attenuation of cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction during VF through pharmacological intervention as well as ischaemic postconditioning could also be a promising target for intervention and inform a new paradigm of treatments. In this review, the existing evidence available from in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo studies regarding the roles of mitochondrial dysfunction during VF is comprehensively summarized and discussed. In addition, the effects of interventions targeting cardiac mitochondria during fatal ventricular arrhythmias are presented. Since there are no clinical reports from studies targeting mitochondria to improve resuscitation outcome available, this review will provide important information to encourage further investigations in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wachira Wongtanasarasin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Natthaphat Siri-Angkul
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Borwon Wittayachamnankul
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Saadeh K, Fazmin IT. Mitochondrial Dysfunction Increases Arrhythmic Triggers and Substrates; Potential Anti-arrhythmic Pharmacological Targets. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:646932. [PMID: 33659284 PMCID: PMC7917191 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.646932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Incidence of cardiac arrhythmias increases significantly with age. In order to effectively stratify arrhythmic risk in the aging population it is crucial to elucidate the relevant underlying molecular mechanisms. The changes underlying age-related electrophysiological disruption appear to be closely associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, the present review examines the mechanisms by which age-related mitochondrial dysfunction promotes arrhythmic triggers and substrate. Namely, via alterations in plasmalemmal ionic currents (both sodium and potassium), gap junctions, cellular Ca2+ homeostasis, and cardiac fibrosis. Stratification of patients' mitochondrial function status permits application of appropriate anti-arrhythmic therapies. Here, we discuss novel potential anti-arrhythmic pharmacological interventions that specifically target upstream mitochondrial function and hence ameliorates the need for therapies targeting downstream changes which have constituted traditional antiarrhythmic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Saadeh
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Ibrahim Talal Fazmin
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom.,Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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19
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Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in physiology and disease. Cell Calcium 2021; 94:102344. [PMID: 33556741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) are routinely produced at several sites within the organelle. The balance in their formation and elimination is maintained by a complex and robust antioxidant system. mROS may act as second messengers and regulate a number of physiological processes, such as insulin signaling, cell differentiation and proliferation, wound healing, etc. Nevertheless, when a sudden or sustained increase in ROS formation is not efficiently neutralized by the endogenous antioxidant defense system, the detrimental impact of high mROS levels on cell function and viability eventually results in disease development. In this review, we will focus on the dual role of mROS in pathophysiology, emphasizing the physiological role exerted by a regulated mROS production/elimination, and discussing the detrimental effects evoked by an imbalance in mitochondrial redox state. Furthermore, we will touch upon the interplay between mROS and Ca2+ homeostasis.
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Yan S, Resta TC, Jernigan NL. Vasoconstrictor Mechanisms in Chronic Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension: Role of Oxidant Signaling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E999. [PMID: 33076504 PMCID: PMC7602539 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated resistance of pulmonary circulation after chronic hypoxia exposure leads to pulmonary hypertension. Contributing to this pathological process is enhanced pulmonary vasoconstriction through both calcium-dependent and calcium sensitization mechanisms. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), as a result of increased enzymatic production and/or decreased scavenging, participate in augmentation of pulmonary arterial constriction by potentiating calcium influx as well as activation of myofilament sensitization, therefore mediating the development of pulmonary hypertension. Here, we review the effects of chronic hypoxia on sources of ROS within the pulmonary vasculature including NADPH oxidases, mitochondria, uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase, xanthine oxidase, monoamine oxidases and dysfunctional superoxide dismutases. We also summarize the ROS-induced functional alterations of various Ca2+ and K+ channels involved in regulating Ca2+ influx, and of Rho kinase that is responsible for myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity. A variety of antioxidants have been shown to have beneficial therapeutic effects in animal models of pulmonary hypertension, supporting the role of ROS in the development of pulmonary hypertension. A better understanding of the mechanisms by which ROS enhance vasoconstriction will be useful in evaluating the efficacy of antioxidants for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nikki L. Jernigan
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (S.Y.); (T.C.R.)
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21
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Rai NK, Mathur S, Singh SK, Tiwari M, Singh VK, Haque R, Tiwari S, Kumar Sharma L. Differential regulation of mitochondrial complex I and oxidative stress based on metastatic potential of colorectal cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:313. [PMID: 33093922 PMCID: PMC7573887 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria serve a vital role in cellular homeostasis as they regulate cell proliferation and death pathways, which are attributed to mitochondrial bioenergetics, free radicals and metabolism. Alterations in mitochondrial functions have been reported in various diseases, including cancer. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common metastatic cancer types with high mortality rates. Although mitochondrial oxidative stress has been associated with CRC, its specific mechanism and contribution to metastatic progression remain poorly understood. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to investigate the role of mitochondria in CRC cells with low and high metastatic potential and to evaluate the contribution of mitochondrial respiratory chain (RC) complexes in oncogenic signaling pathways. The present results demonstrated that cell lines with low metastatic potential were resistant to mitochondrial complex I (C-I)-mediated oxidative stress, and had C-I inhibition with impaired mitochondrial functions. These adaptations enabled cells to cope with higher oxidative stress. Conversely, cells with high metastatic potential demonstrated functional C-I with improved mitochondrial function due to coordinated upregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolic reprogramming. Pharmacological inhibition of C-I in high metastatic cells resulted in increased sensitivity to cell death and decreased metastatic signaling. The present findings identified the differential regulation of mitochondrial functions in CRC cells, based on CRC metastatic potential. Specifically, it was suggested that a functional C-I is required for high metastatic features of cancer cells, and the role of C-I could be further examined as a potential target in the development of novel therapies for diagnosing high metastatic cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Kumar Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, Bihar 824236, India
| | - Shashank Mathur
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
| | - Suraj Kumar Singh
- Department of Pathology/Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences-Patna, Patna, Bihar 801507, India
| | - Meenakshi Tiwari
- Department of Pathology/Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences-Patna, Patna, Bihar 801507, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Singh
- Department of Bioinformatics, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, Bihar 824236, India
| | - Rizwanul Haque
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, Bihar 824236, India
| | - Swasti Tiwari
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
| | - Lokendra Kumar Sharma
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
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22
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Characterization and validation of a preventative therapy for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a murine model of the disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:23113-23124. [PMID: 32859761 PMCID: PMC7502707 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2002976117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy affects 1:500 of the general population. Current drug therapy is used to manage symptoms in patients. There is an unmet need for treatments that can prevent the cardiomyopathy. Here we identify biomarkers of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy resulting from causing cardiac troponin I mutation Gly203Ser, and present a safe, nontoxic, preventative approach for the treatment of associated cardiomyopathy. Currently there is an unmet need for treatments that can prevent hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Using a murine model we previously identified that HCM causing cardiac troponin I mutation Gly203Ser (cTnI-G203S) is associated with increased mitochondrial metabolic activity, consistent with the human condition. These alterations precede development of the cardiomyopathy. Here we examine the efficacy of in vivo treatment of cTnI-G203S mice with a peptide derived against the α-interaction domain of the cardiac L-type calcium channel (AID-TAT) on restoring mitochondrial metabolic activity, and preventing HCM. cTnI-G203S or age-matched wt mice were treated with active or inactive AID-TAT. Following treatment, targeted metabolomics was utilized to evaluate myocardial substrate metabolism. Cardiac myocyte mitochondrial metabolic activity was assessed as alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential and flavoprotein oxidation. Cardiac morphology and function were examined using echocardiography. Cardiac uptake was assessed using an in vivo multispectral imaging system. We identified alterations in six biochemical intermediates in cTnI-G203S hearts consistent with increased anaplerosis. We also reveal that AID-TAT treatment of precardiomyopathic cTnI-G203S mice, but not mice with established cardiomyopathy, restored cardiac myocyte mitochondrial membrane potential and flavoprotein oxidation, and prevented myocardial hypertrophy. Importantly, AID-TAT was rapidly targeted to the heart, and not retained by the liver or kidneys. Overall, we identify biomarkers of HCM resulting from the cTnI mutation Gly203Ser, and present a safe, preventative therapy for associated cardiomyopathy. Utilizing AID-TAT to modulate cardiac metabolic activity may be beneficial in preventing HCM in “at risk” patients with identified Gly203Ser gene mutations.
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23
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Viola HM, Shah AA, Kretzmann JA, Evans CW, Norret M, Iyer KS, Hool LC. A dendronized polymer variant that facilitates safe delivery of a calcium channel antagonist to the heart. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 29:102264. [PMID: 32659322 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic approaches for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI) have been ineffective due to limited bioavailability and poor specificity. We have previously shown that a peptide that targets the α-interaction domain of the cardiac L-type calcium channel (AID-peptide) attenuates MI when tethered to transactivator of transcription sequence (TAT) or spherical nanoparticles. However some reservations remain regarding use of these delivery platforms due to the relationship with human immunodeficiency virus, off-target effects and toxicity. Here we investigate the use of linear dendronized polymers (denpols) to deliver AID-peptide as a potential MI therapy using in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models. Optimized denpol-complexed AID-peptide facilitated in vitro cardiac uptake of AID-peptide, and reduced MI. Maximal in vivo cardiac uptake was achieved within the 2 h therapeutic time window for acute myocardial infarction. Importantly, optimized denpol-complexed AID-peptide was not toxic. This platform may represent an alternative therapeutic approach for the prevention of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena M Viola
- School of Human Sciences (Physiology), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Ashay A Shah
- School of Human Sciences (Physiology), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Jessica A Kretzmann
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Cameron W Evans
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Marck Norret
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - K Swaminathan Iyer
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Livia C Hool
- School of Human Sciences (Physiology), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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24
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Tjahjono E, McAnena AP, Kirienko NV. The evolutionarily conserved ESRE stress response network is activated by ROS and mitochondrial damage. BMC Biol 2020; 18:74. [PMID: 32600387 PMCID: PMC7322875 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-020-00812-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial dysfunction causes or contributes to a wide variety of pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, metabolic diseases, and aging. Cells actively surveil a number of mitochondrial readouts to ensure that cellular homeostasis is maintained. Results In this article, we characterize the role of the ethanol and stress response element (ESRE) pathway in mitochondrial surveillance and show that it is robustly activated when the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cell increases. While experiments were mostly performed in Caenorhabditis elegans, we observed similar gene activation profile in human cell lines. The linear relationship between ROS and ESRE activation differentiates ESRE from known mitochondrial surveillance pathways, such as the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), which monitor mitochondrial protein import. The ability of the ESRE network to be activated by increased ROS allows the cell to respond to oxidative and reductive stresses. The ESRE network works in tandem with other mitochondrial surveillance mechanisms as well, in a fashion that suggests a partially redundant hierarchy. For example, mutation of the UPRmt pathway results in earlier and more robust activation of the ESRE pathway. Interestingly, full expression of ATFS-1, a key transcription factor for the UPRmt, requires the presence of an ESRE motif in its promoter region. Conclusion The ESRE pathway responds to mitochondrial damage by monitoring ROS levels. This response is conserved in humans. The ESRE pathway is activated earlier when other mitochondrial surveillance pathways are unavailable during mitochondrial crises, potentially to mitigate stress and restore health. However, the exact mechanisms of pathway activation and crosstalk remain to be elucidated. Ultimately, a better understanding of this network, and its role in the constellation of mitochondrial and cellular stress networks, will improve healthspan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa Tjahjono
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, 6100 Main St, MS140, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Aidan P McAnena
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, 6100 Main St, MS140, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Natalia V Kirienko
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, 6100 Main St, MS140, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
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25
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Yang Z, Song T, Truong L, Reyes-García J, Wang L, Zheng YM, Wang YX. Important Role of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca 2+ Release via Ryanodine Receptor-2 Channel in Hypoxia-Induced Rieske Iron-Sulfur Protein-Mediated Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Generation in Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:447-462. [PMID: 31456413 PMCID: PMC6987675 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Aims: It is known that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation ([ROS]m) causes the release of Ca2+via ryanodine receptor-2 (RyR2) on the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), playing an essential role in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). In this study, we sought to determine whether hypoxia-induced RyR2-mediated Ca2+ release may in turn promote [ROS]m in PASMCs and the underlying signaling mechanism. Results: Our data reveal that application of caffeine or norepinephrine to induce Ca2+ release increased [ROS]m in PASMCs. Likewise, exogenous Ca2+ augmented ROS generation in isolated mitochondria and at complex III from PASMCs. Inhibition of mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) with Ru360 attenuated agonist-induced [ROS]m. Ru360 produced a similar inhibitory effect on hypoxia-induced [ROS]m. Rieske iron-sulfur protein (RISP) gene knockdown inhibited Ca2+- and caffeine-induced [ROS]m. Inhibition of RyR2 by tetracaine or RyR2 gene knockout suppressed hypoxia-induced [ROS]m as well. Innovation: In this article, we present convincing evidence that Ca2+ release following hypoxia or RyR simulation causes a significant increase in MCU, and the increased MCU subsequently RISP-dependent [ROS]m, which provides a positive feedback mechanism to enhance hypoxia-initiated [ROS]m in PASMCs. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that hypoxia-induced mitochondrial ROS-dependent SR RyR2-mediated Ca2+ release increases MCU and then RISP-dependent [ROS]m in PASMCs, which may make significant contributions to HPV and associated pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Yang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Tengyao Song
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Lillian Truong
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Jorge Reyes-García
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Yun-Min Zheng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
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26
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Sasaoka M, Ota T, Kageyama M. Rotenone-induced inner retinal degeneration via presynaptic activation of voltage-dependent sodium and L-type calcium channels in rats. Sci Rep 2020; 10:969. [PMID: 31969611 PMCID: PMC6976703 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57638-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Rotenone, a mitochondrial complex I inhibitor, causes retinal degeneration via unknown mechanisms. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of its action, we further characterized a rat model of rotenone-induced retinal degeneration. Intravitreal injection of rotenone (2 nmol/eye) damaged mainly the inner retinal layers, including cell loss in the ganglion cell and inner nuclear layers, which were very similar to those induced by 10 nmol/eye N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA). These morphological changes were accompanied by the reduced b-wave amplitude of electroretinogram, and increased immunostaining of 2,4-dinitrophenyl, an oxidative stress marker. Rotenone also downregulated expression of neurofilament light-chain gene (Nfl) as a retinal ganglion cell (RGC) marker. This effect was prevented by simultaneous injection of rotenone with antioxidants or NMDA receptor antagonists. More importantly, voltage-dependent sodium and L-type calcium channel blockers and intracellular calcium signaling modulators remarkably suppressed rotenone-induced Nfl downregulation, whereas none of these agents modified NMDA-induced Nfl downregulation. These results suggest that rotenone-induced inner retinal degeneration stems from indirect postsynaptic NMDA stimulation that is triggered by oxidative stress-mediated presynaptic intracellular calcium signaling via activation of voltage-dependent sodium and L-type calcium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Sasaoka
- Global Alliances and External Research, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ikoma-shi, Nara, 630-0101, Japan
| | - Takashi Ota
- Global Alliances and External Research, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ikoma-shi, Nara, 630-0101, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kageyama
- Global Alliances and External Research, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ikoma-shi, Nara, 630-0101, Japan.
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27
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van Opbergen CJM, den Braven L, Delmar M, van Veen TAB. Mitochondrial Dysfunction as Substrate for Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: A Search for New Disease Mechanisms. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1496. [PMID: 31920701 PMCID: PMC6914828 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a familial heart disease, associated with ventricular arrhythmias, fibrofatty replacement of the myocardial mass and an increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Malignant ventricular arrhythmias and SCD largely occur in the pre-clinical phase of the disease, before overt structural changes occur. To prevent or interfere with ACM disease progression, more insight in mechanisms related to electrical instability are needed. Currently, numerous studies are focused on the link between cardiac arrhythmias and metabolic disease. In line with that, a potential role of mitochondrial dysfunction in ACM pathology is unclear and mitochondrial biology in the ACM heart remains understudied. In this review, we explore mitochondrial dysfunction in relation to arrhythmogenesis, and postulate a link to typical hallmarks of ACM. Mitochondrial dysfunction depletes adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and increases levels of reactive oxygen species in the heart. Both metabolic changes affect cardiac ion channel gating, electrical conduction, intracellular calcium handling, and fibrosis formation; all well-known aspects of ACM pathophysiology. ATP-mediated structural remodeling, apoptosis, and mitochondria-related alterations have already been shown in models of PKP2 dysfunction. Yet, the limited amount of experimental evidence in ACM models makes it difficult to determine whether mitochondrial dysfunction indeed precedes and/or accompanies ACM pathogenesis. Nevertheless, current experimental ACM models can be very useful in unraveling ACM-related mitochondrial biology and in testing potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal J M van Opbergen
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Lyanne den Braven
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Mario Delmar
- Division of Cardiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Toon A B van Veen
- Department of Medical Physiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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28
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Toshniwal P, Nguyen M, Guédin A, Viola H, Ho D, Kim Y, Bhatt U, Bond CS, Hool L, Hurley LH, Mergny JL, Fear M, Wood F, Iyer SK, Smith NM. TGF-β-induced fibrotic stress increases G-quadruplex formation in human fibroblasts. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:3149-3161. [PMID: 31677274 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Scar formation after wound healing is a major medical problem. A better understanding of the dynamic nuclear architecture of the genome during wound healing could provide insights into the underlying pathophysiology and enable novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we demonstrate that TGF-β-induced fibrotic stress increases formation of the dynamic secondary DNA structures called G-quadruplexes in skin fibroblasts, which is coincident with increased expression of collagen 1. This G-quadruplex formation is attenuated by a small molecule inhibitor of intracellular Ca2+ influx and an anti-fibrotic compound. In addition, we identify G-quadruplex-forming sequences in the promoter region of COL1A1, which encodes collagen 1, and confirm their ability to form G-quadruplex structures under physiologically relevant conditions. Our findings reveal a link between G-quadruplexes and scar formation that may lead to novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Toshniwal
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Michelle Nguyen
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Aurore Guédin
- ARNA Laboratory, IECB, INSERM U1212, CNRS UMR5320, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Helena Viola
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Diwei Ho
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Yongeun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Uditi Bhatt
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Charles S Bond
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Livia Hool
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Jean-Louis Mergny
- ARNA Laboratory, IECB, INSERM U1212, CNRS UMR5320, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France.,Institut Curie, CNRS UMR9187, INSERM U1196, Université Paris Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Mark Fear
- Fiona Wood Foundation and Burn Injury Research Unit, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Fiona Wood
- Fiona Wood Foundation and Burn Injury Research Unit, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Swaminathan K Iyer
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Nicole M Smith
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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29
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Norton CE, Sinkler SY, Jacobsen NL, Segal SS. Advanced age protects resistance arteries of mouse skeletal muscle from oxidative stress through attenuating apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide. J Physiol 2019; 597:3801-3816. [PMID: 31124136 DOI: 10.1113/jp278255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Vascular oxidative stress increases with advancing age. We hypothesized that resistance vessels develop resilience to oxidative stress to protect functional integrity and tested this hypothesis by exposing isolated pressurized superior epigastric arteries (SEAs) of old and young mice to H2 O2 . H2 O2 -induced death was greater in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) than endothelial cells (ECs) and lower in SEAs from old vs. young mice; the rise in vessel wall [Ca2+ ]i induced by H2 O2 was attenuated with ageing, as was the decline in noradrenergic vasoconstriction; genetic deletion of IL-10 mimicked the effects of advanced age on cell survival. Inhibiting NO synthase or scavenging peroxynitrite reduced SMC death; endothelial denudation or inhibiting gap junctions increased SMC death; delocalization of cytochrome C activated caspases 9 and 3 to induce apoptosis. Vascular cells develop resilience to H2 O2 during ageing by preventing Ca2+ overload and endothelial integrity promotes SMC survival. ABSTRACT Advanced age is associated with elevated oxidative stress and can protect the endothelium from cell death induced by H2 O2 . Whether such protection occurs for intact vessels or differs between smooth muscle cell (SMC) and endothelial cell (EC) layers is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that ageing protects SMCs and ECs during acute exposure to H2 O2 (200 µm, 50 min). Mouse superior epigastric arteries (SEAs; diameter, ∼150 µm) were isolated and pressurized to 100 cmH2 O at 37˚C. For SEAs from young (4 months) mice, H2 O2 killed 57% of SMCs and 11% of ECs in males vs. 8% and 2%, respectively, in females. Therefore, SEAs from males were studied to resolve the effect of ageing and experimental interventions. For old (24 months) mice, SMC death was reduced to 10% with diminished accumulation of [Ca2+ ]i in the vessel wall during H2 O2 exposure. In young mice, genetic deletion of IL-10 mimicked the protective effect of ageing on cell death and [Ca2+ ]i accumulation. Whereas endothelial denudation or gap junction inhibition (carbenoxolone; 100 µm) increased SMC death, inhibiting NO synthase (l-NAME, 100 µm) or scavenging peroxynitrite (FeTPPS, 5 µm) reduced SMC death along with [Ca2+ ]i . Despite NO toxicity via peroxynitrite formation, endothelial integrity protects SMCs. Caspase inhibition (Z-VAD-FMK, 50 µm) attenuated cell death with immunostaining for annexin V, cytochrome C, and caspases 3 and 9 pointing to induction of intrinsic apoptosis during H2 O2 exposure. We conclude that advanced age reduces Ca2+ influx that triggers apoptosis, thereby promoting resilience of the vascular wall during oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E Norton
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Shenghua Y Sinkler
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Nicole L Jacobsen
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Steven S Segal
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.,Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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30
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Myoglobinopathy is an adult-onset autosomal dominant myopathy with characteristic sarcoplasmic inclusions. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1396. [PMID: 30918256 PMCID: PMC6437160 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09111-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Myoglobin, encoded by MB, is a small cytoplasmic globular hemoprotein highly expressed in cardiac myocytes and oxidative skeletal myofibers. Myoglobin binds O2, facilitates its intracellular transport and serves as a controller of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species. Here, we identify a recurrent c.292C>T (p.His98Tyr) substitution in MB in fourteen members of six European families suffering from an autosomal dominant progressive myopathy with highly characteristic sarcoplasmic inclusions in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Myoglobinopathy manifests in adulthood with proximal and axial weakness that progresses to involve distal muscles and causes respiratory and cardiac failure. Biochemical characterization reveals that the mutant myoglobin has altered O2 binding, exhibits a faster heme dissociation rate and has a lower reduction potential compared to wild-type myoglobin. Preliminary studies show that mutant myoglobin may result in elevated superoxide levels at the cellular level. These data define a recognizable muscle disease associated with MB mutation. Myoglobin is a hemeprotein that reversibly binds oxygen and gives muscle its red color. Here, the authors report a genetic variant in the MB gene that associates with myoglobinopathy, an autosomal dominant progressive myopathy, and altered oxygen binding properties of the mutant protein.
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31
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Viola HM, Hool LC. Impaired calcium handling and mitochondrial metabolic dysfunction as early markers of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 665:166-174. [PMID: 30885674 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary myocardial disorder, characterised by myocyte remodeling, disorganisation of sarcomeric proteins, impaired energy metabolism and altered cardiac contractility. Gene mutations encoding cardiac contractile proteins account for 60% of HCM aetiology. Current drug therapy including L-type calcium channel antagonists, are used to manage symptoms in patients with overt HCM, but no treatment exists that can reverse or prevent the cardiomyopathy. Design of effective drug therapy will require a clear understanding of the early pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease. Numerous studies have investigated specific aspects of HCM pathophysiology. This review brings these findings together, in order to develop a holistic understanding of the early pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease. We focus on gene mutations in cardiac myosin binding protein-C, β-cardiac myosin heavy chain, cardiac troponin I, and cardiac troponin T, that comprise the majority of all HCM sarcomeric gene mutations. We find that although some similarities exist, each mutation leads to mutation-specific alterations in calcium handling, myofilament calcium sensitivity and mitochondrial metabolic function. This may contribute to the observed clinical phenotypic variability in sarcomeric-related HCM. An understanding of early mutation-specific mechanisms of the disease may provide useful markers of disease progression, and inform therapeutic design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena M Viola
- School of Human Sciences (Physiology), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Livia C Hool
- School of Human Sciences (Physiology), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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He J, Zhang X, Lian C, Wu J, Fang Y, Ye X. KEAP1/NRF2 axis regulates H 2O 2-induced apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells. Gene 2018; 691:8-17. [PMID: 30594636 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.11.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In human pancreatic β-cells, oxidative stress and cellular injures can be induced by H2O2 treatment. The KEAP1/NRF2 axis is a key antioxidant signaling pathway. The present study attempted to elucidate the mechanism by which the KEAP1/NRF2 axis mediates oxidative stress-induced death in pancreatic β-cells. Our data showed that H2O2 treatment obviously induced the apoptosis of β-cells. Further experiments demonstrated that KEAP1 expression was downregulated in H2O2-treated pancreatic β-cells and this change correlated with increase in the cellular abundance and nuclear translocation of NRF2. The restoration of KEAP1 expression in cells resulted in a recovery of cell proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis. Furthermore, we found that KEAP1 overexpression negatively regulated the abundance of NRF2, subsequently causing decreased antioxidant response element activation. This led to HO-1 protein downregulation in H2O2-treated human pancreatic β-cells, which was also observed in NRF2-silenced β-cells. Conversely, the silencing of KEAP1 led to NRF2 upregulation and inhibited ARE and HO-1 signaling in pancreatic β-cells. The increase in the abundance of NRF2 following treatment with H2O2 drastically elevated the production of BAX, FAS, FAS-L, CASP-3, and CASP-9, and this change was reversed by KEAP1 overexpression or NRF2 silencing. Taken together, H2O2 treatment activated KEAP1/NRF2 signaling to promote the production of pro-apoptotic factors and consequently led to the apoptosis of human pancreatic β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshui He
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zhangzhou, Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zhangzhou, Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chaowei Lian
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zhangzhou, Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jinzhi Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Zhangzhou, Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yanling Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zhangzhou, Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoling Ye
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zhangzhou, Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China.
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Voltage-Dependent Sarcolemmal Ion Channel Abnormalities in the Dystrophin-Deficient Heart. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113296. [PMID: 30360568 PMCID: PMC6274787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding for the intracellular protein dystrophin cause severe forms of muscular dystrophy. These so-called dystrophinopathies are characterized by skeletal muscle weakness and degeneration. Dystrophin deficiency also gives rise to considerable complications in the heart, including cardiomyopathy development and arrhythmias. The current understanding of the pathomechanisms in the dystrophic heart is limited, but there is growing evidence that dysfunctional voltage-dependent ion channels in dystrophin-deficient cardiomyocytes play a significant role. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge about abnormalities in voltage-dependent sarcolemmal ion channel properties in the dystrophic heart, and discuss the potentially underlying mechanisms, as well as their pathophysiological relevance.
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Yagami T, Yamamoto Y, Koma H. Pathophysiological Roles of Intracellular Proteases in Neuronal Development and Neurological Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:3090-3112. [PMID: 30097848 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1277-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Proteases are classified into six distinct classes (cysteine, serine, threonine, aspartic, glutamic, and metalloproteases) on the basis of catalytic mechanism. The cellular control of protein quality senses misfolded or damaged proteins principally by selective ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and non-selective autophagy-lysosome pathway. The two pathways do not only maintain cell homeostasis physiologically, but also mediate necrosis and apoptosis pathologically. Proteasomes are threonine proteases, whereas cathepsins are lysosomal aspartic proteases. Calpains are non-lysosomal cysteine proteases and calcium-dependent papain-like enzyme. Calpains and cathepsins are involved in the neuronal necrosis, which are accidental cell death. Necrosis is featured by the disruption of plasma membranes and lysosomes, the loss of ATP and ribosomes, the lysis of cell and nucleus, and the caspase-independent DNA fragmentation. On the other hand, caspases are cysteine endoproteases and mediate neuronal cell death such as apoptosis and pyroptosis, which are programmed cell death. In the central nervous system, necroptosis, ferroptosis and autophagic cell death are also classified into programmed cell death. Neuronal apoptosis is characterized by cell shrinkage, plasma membrane blebbing, karyorrhexis, chromatin condensation, and DNA fragmentation. Necroptosis and pyroptosis are necrotic and lytic forms of programmed cell death, respectively. Although autophagy is involved in cell survival, it fails to maintain cellular homeostasis, resulting in autophagic cell death. Ferroptosis is induced by reactive oxygen species in excitotoxicity of glutamate and ischemia-reperfusion. Apoptosis and pyroptosis are dependent on caspase-3 and caspase-1, respectively. Autophagic cell death and necroptosis are dependent on calpain and cathepsin, respectively, but independent of caspase. Although apoptosis has been defined by the absence of morphological features of necrosis, the two deaths are both parts of a continuum. The intracellular proteases do not only maintain cell homeostasis but also regulate neuronal maturation during the development of embryonic brain. Furthermore, neurodegenerative diseases are caused by the impairment of quality control mechanisms for a proper folding and function of protein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hiromi Koma
- Himeji Dokkyo University, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan
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35
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Ho MY, Wen MS, Yeh JK, Hsieh IC, Chen CC, Hsieh MJ, Tsai ML, Yang CH, Wu VCC, Hung KC, Wang CC, Wang CY. Excessive irisin increases oxidative stress and apoptosis in murine heart. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:2493-2498. [PMID: 30208516 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Irisin is an exercise-related myokine. The abundance of irisin is associated with many diseases, such as myocardial infarction, chronic kidney disease, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. In cardiomyocytes, irisin modulates the mitochondrial thermogenesis, regulates ischemic responses, and affects calcium signaling. Previous studies suggested that irisin increases cardiomyoblast mitochondrial functions and protects ischemic and reperfusion injury in ex vivo murine heart. In human, clinical studies have shown that acute myocardial infarction patients with more elevated serum irisin abundances are associated with increased major adverse cardiovascular events. However, the mechanisms responsible for this discrepancy between in myocardial infarction patients and ex vivo murine heart is unclear. Based on the clinical observations, we hypothesized that excessive irisin might lead to mitochondrial dysfunctions and cardiomyocyte damages. Our data showed that overexpression of irisin in mice with the adenovirus resulted in enhanced mitochondrial respiration with a higher oxygen consumption rate. Enhanced irisin expression in heart and irisin treatment in cardiomyocytes increased reactive oxygen species production. Furthermore, irisin treatment in cardiomyocytes enhanced the apoptosis and the cleaved caspase 9 levels in hypoxic condition. Pathway analysis in the murine heart with the overexpression of irisin showed that angiopoietin-Tie2, IL-8, IL-13, TGF-β, and thrombopoietin signaling were affected by irisin. Collectively, these results supported that excessive irisin causes mitochondrial overdrive with a higher reactive oxygen species production, which results in increased apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in a hypoxic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yun Ho
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shien Wen
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan.
| | - Jih-Kai Yeh
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - I-Chang Hsieh
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chi Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jer Hsieh
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Lung Tsai
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Victor Chien-Chia Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chun Hung
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chieh Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yung Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan.
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36
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Degirmenci S, Olgar Y, Durak A, Tuncay E, Turan B. Cytosolic increased labile Zn 2+ contributes to arrhythmogenic action potentials in left ventricular cardiomyocytes through protein thiol oxidation and cellular ATP depletion. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 48:202-212. [PMID: 29773183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular labile (free) Zn2+-level ([Zn2+]i) is low and increases markedly under pathophysiological conditions in cardiomyocytes. High [Zn2+]i is associated with alterations in excitability and ionic-conductances while exact mechanisms are not clarified yet. Therefore, we examined the elevated-[Zn2+]i on some sarcolemmal ionic-mechanisms, which can mediate cardiomyocyte dysfunction. High-[Zn2+]i induced significant changes in action potential (AP) parameters, including depolarization in resting membrane-potential and prolongations in AP-repolarizing phases. We detected also the time-dependent effects such as induction of spontaneous APs at the time of ≥ 3 min following [Zn2+]i increases, a manner of cellular ATP dependent and reversible with disulfide-reducing agent dithiothreitol, DTT. High-[Zn2+]i induced inhibitions in voltage-dependent K+-channel currents, such as transient outward K+-currents, Ito, steady-state currents, Iss and inward-rectifier K+-currents, IK1, reversible with DTT seemed to be responsible from the prolongations in APs. We, for the first time, demonstrated that lowering cellular ATP level induced significant decreaeses in both Iss and IK1, while no effect on Ito. However, the increased-[Zn2+]i could induce marked activation in ATP-sensitive K+-channel currents, IKATP, depending on low cellular ATP and thiol-oxidation levels of these channels. The mRNA levels of Kv4.3, Kv1.4 and Kv2.1 were depressed markedly with increased-[Zn2+]i with no change in mRNA level of Kv4.2, while the mRNA level of IKATP subunit, SUR2A was increased significantly with increased-[Zn2+]i, being reversible with DTT. Overall we demonstrated that high-[Zn2+]i, even if nanomolar levels, alters cardiac function via prolonged APs of cardiomyocytes, at most, due to inhibitions in voltage-dependent K+-currents, although activation of IKATP is playing cardioprotective role, through some biochemical changes in cellular ATP- and thiol-oxidation levels. It seems, a well-controlled [Zn2+]i can be novel therapeutic target for cardiac complications under pathological conditions including oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Degirmenci
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Olgar
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Durak
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erkan Tuncay
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Belma Turan
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
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37
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Viola HM, Johnstone VP, Adams AM, Fletcher S, Hool LC. A Morpholino Oligomer Therapy Regime That Restores Mitochondrial Function and Prevents mdx Cardiomyopathy. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2018; 3:391-402. [PMID: 30062225 PMCID: PMC6059013 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Current clinical trials demonstrate Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients receiving phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (PMO) therapy exhibit improved ambulation and stable pulmonary function; however, cardiac abnormalities remain. Utilizing the same PMO chemistry as current clinical trials, we have identified a non-toxic PMO treatment regimen that restores metabolic activity and prevents DMD cardiomyopathy. We propose that a treatment regimen of this nature may have the potential to significantly improve morbidity and mortality from DMD by improving ambulation, stabilizing pulmonary function, and preventing the development of cardiomyopathy.
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Key Words
- DMD, Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- ICa-L, L-type Ca2+ channel
- JC-1, 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide
- L-type calcium channels
- PMO, phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer
- RT-PCR, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction
- cardiomyopathy
- mdx, murine model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- mitochondria
- wt, wild type
- Ψm, mitochondrial membrane potential
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena M. Viola
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Victoria P.A. Johnstone
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Abbie M. Adams
- Centre for Comparative Genomics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Susan Fletcher
- Centre for Comparative Genomics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neuroscience and Translational Science, and Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Livia C. Hool
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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38
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Fu H, Li X, Tan J. NIPAAm-MMA nanoparticle-encapsulated visnagin ameliorates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through the promotion of autophagy and the inhibition of apoptosis. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:4827-4836. [PMID: 29552122 PMCID: PMC5840612 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The main method for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is percutaneous coronary intervention; however percutaneous coronary intervention will induce ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury, resulting in the loss of cardiac function and cardiomyocyte death. An effective drug to target this condition is necessary. N-isopropylacrylamide and methacrylic acid were used to synthesize drug delivery nanoparticles (NP) containing the natural compound visnagin for IR injury treatment. It was demonstrated that NP containing fluorescein isothiocyanate localized to the site of myocardial IR, and that NP-visnagin treatment induced cardioprotection, reducing the size of the MI and ameliorating cardiac dysfunction through the induction of autophagy and the inhibition of apoptosis. In the future, visnagin may be suitable as a drug for IR injury treatment, and NP may be an effective drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Fu
- Department of Physiology, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing 404120, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoshan Li
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing 404120, P.R. China
| | - Jiahua Tan
- Department of Physical Education, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing 404120, P.R. China
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39
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Kubota R, Takabe T, Arima K, Taniguchi H, Asayama S, Kawakami H. New class of artificial enzyme composed of Mn-porphyrin, imidazole, and cucurbit[10]uril toward use as a therapeutic antioxidant. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:7050-7059. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb01204k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated a new class of artificial enzymes composed of Mn-porphyrin, imidazole, and cucurbit[10]uril (CB[10]) toward therapeutic antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riku Kubota
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Taiga Takabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Kohe Arima
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Hideaki Taniguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Shoichiro Asayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji Tokyo
- Japan
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40
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Parviz M, Toshniwal P, Viola HM, Hool LC, Fear PMW, Wood FM, Gaus K, Iyer KS, Gooding JJ. Real-Time Bioimpedance Sensing of Antifibrotic Drug Action in Primary Human Cells. ACS Sens 2017; 2:1482-1490. [PMID: 28871791 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Fibrotic diseases are among the most serious health issues with severe burdens due to their chronic nature and a large number of patients suffering from the debilitating effects and long-term sequelae. Collagenase treatment is a nonsurgical option but has limited results. To date, there is no potent noninvasive solution for fibrosis. Part of the reason for this is the lack of appropriate in vitro live cell screening tools to assess the efficacy of new therapeutical agents. Here, we demonstrate the utility of a cell-based electrochemical impedance biosensor platform to screen the efficacy of potential antifibrotic compounds. The platform employs a label-free and noninvasive strategy to detect the progression of fibrosis and the potency of the antifibrotic molecules in real-time. The fundamental principle that governs this novel system is that dynamic changes in cell shape and adhesion during fibrosis can be measured accurately by monitoring the changes in the impedance. This is achieved by growing the cells on a transparent interdigitated indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes. It was demonstrated by monitoring the efficacy of a model antifibrotic compound, PXS64, on cells collected from patients with Dupuytren's contracture. We confirmed the validity of the developed biochemical impedance biosensor as an tool for in vitro screening of antifibrotic compounds and provided quantitative information on subcellular influences of the examined chemical molecules using correlative microscopy analyses that monitor the average cell area, cell morphology, and the amount and directionality of the deposited extracellular matrix protein collagen and measurement of cytosolic Ca2+ changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Livia C. Hool
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - P. Mark W. Fear
- Burns
Service of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia 6000, Australia
| | - Fiona M. Wood
- Burns
Service of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia 6000, Australia
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41
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Muralidharan P, Cserne Szappanos H, Ingley E, Hool LC. The cardiac L-type calcium channel alpha subunit is a target for direct redox modification during oxidative stress-the role of cysteine residues in the alpha interacting domain. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2017; 44 Suppl 1:46-54. [PMID: 28306174 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the Western world. The incidence of cardiovascular disease is predicted to further rise with the increase in obesity and diabetes and with the aging population. Even though the survival rate from ischaemic heart disease has improved over the past 30 years, many patients progress to a chronic pathological condition, known as cardiac hypertrophy that is associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium play an essential role in mediating cardiac hypertrophy. The L-type calcium channel is the main route for calcium influx into cardiac myocytes. There is now good evidence for a direct role for the L-type calcium channel in the development of cardiac hypertrophy. Cysteines on the channel are targets for redox modification and glutathionylation of the channel can modulate the function of the channel protein leading to the onset of pathology. The cysteine responsible for modification of L-type calcium channel function has now been identified. Detailed understanding of the role of cysteines as possible targets during oxidative stress may assist in designing therapy to prevent the development of hypertrophy and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmapriya Muralidharan
- School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Henrietta Cserne Szappanos
- School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Evan Ingley
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Livia C Hool
- School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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42
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Mitochondrial pathway is involved in the protective effects of alpha-ketoglutarate on hydrogen peroxide induced damage to intestinal cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:74820-74835. [PMID: 29088826 PMCID: PMC5650381 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-ketoglutarate, a key intermediate in the Krebs cycle, has been reported to benefit intestinal health. We tested whether alpha-ketoglutarate can protect intestinal cells against hydrogen peroxide induced damage and aimed to reveal the underlying mechanism. Intestinal porcine epithelial cell line J2 were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium-High glucose with or without alpha-ketoglutarate and hydrogen peroxide. Cell viability, proliferation, mitochondrial respiration, mitochondrial membrane potential, antioxidant function, apoptosis and mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathways were determined. Our experiments demonstrated that, first, exposure to 100μM hydrogen peroxide decreased cell viability, DNA synthesis, mitochondrial respiration and antioxidant function, and increased apoptosis. Second, 2mM alpha-ketoglutarate addition attenuated hydrogen peroxide-induced cell cycle arrest, and improved cell viability, DNA synthesis, mitochondrial respiration and antioxidant function. Third, alpha-ketoglutarate enhanced tricarboxylic acid cycle activity, mitochondrial respiration, and decrease the intracellular content of reactive oxygen species. Finally, alpha-ketoglutarate stabilized the mitochondrial membrane potential, increased the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, decreased the release of cytochrome c and activation of caspase-3, thereby prevented cell apoptosis. Altogether, we proposed that alpha-ketoglutarate protects intestinal cells against hydrogen peroxide-induced damage partly via mitochondria dependent pathway.
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43
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Bhuvanalakshmi G, Arfuso F, Kumar AP, Dharmarajan A, Warrier S. Epigenetic reprogramming converts human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells into functional cardiomyocytes by differential regulation of Wnt mediators. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:185. [PMID: 28807014 PMCID: PMC5557557 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0638-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lineage commitment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to cardiac differentiation is controlled by transcription factors that are regulated by epigenetic events, mainly histone deacetylation and promoter DNA methylation. Here, we studied the differentiation of human Wharton’s jelly MSCs (WJMSCs) into the cardiomyocyte lineage via epigenetic manipulations. Methods We introduced these changes using inhibitors of DNA methyl transferase and histone deacetylase, DC301, DC302, and DC303, in various combinations. We characterized for cardiogenic differentiation by assessing the expression of cardiac-specific markers by immunolocalization, quantitative RT-PCR, and flow cytometry. Cardiac functional studies were performed by FURA2AM staining and Greiss assay. The role of Wnt signaling during cardiac differentiation was analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. In-vivo studies were performed in a doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxic mouse model by injecting cardiac progenitor cells. Promoter methylation status of the cardiac transcription factor Nkx2.5 and the Wnt antagonist, secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (sFRP4), after cardiac differentiation was studied by bisulfite sequencing. Results By induction with DC301 and DC302, WJMSCs differentiated into cardiomyocyte-like structures with an upregulation of Wnt antagonists, sFRP3 and sFRP4, and Dickkopf (Dkk)1 and Dkk3. The cardiac function enhancer, vinculin, and DDX20, a DEAD-box RNA helicase, were also upregulated in differentiated cardiomyocytes. Additionally, bisulfite sequencing revealed, for the first time in cardiogenesis, that sFRP4 is activated by promoter CpG island demethylation. In vivo, these MSC-derived cardiac progenitors could not only successfully engraft to the site of cardiac injury in mice with doxorubicin-induced cardiac injury, but also form functional cardiomyocytes and restore cardiac function. Conclusion The present study unveils a link between Wnt inhibition and epigenetic modification to initiate cardiac differentiation, which could enhance the efficacy of stem cell therapy for ischemic heart disorders. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-017-0638-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bhuvanalakshmi
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal University, Bangalore, 560 065, India
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia.,School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal University, Bangalore, 560 065, India.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.,Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia.,National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, 119074, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - Sudha Warrier
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal University, Bangalore, 560 065, India. .,School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia. .,Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6875, Australia.
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44
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Viola HM, Hool LC. Auto-regulation in the powerhouse. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28692421 PMCID: PMC5503507 DOI: 10.7554/elife.28757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial flashes have a central role in ensuring that ATP levels remain constant in heart cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena M Viola
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Livia C Hool
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.,Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
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45
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Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B is a mediator of cyclic ADP ribose-induced Ca 2+ signaling in ventricular myocytes. Exp Mol Med 2017; 49:e341. [PMID: 28572573 PMCID: PMC5519013 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2017.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) releases Ca2+ from ryanodine receptor (RyR)-sensitive calcium pools in various cell types. In cardiac myocytes, the physiological levels of cADPR transiently increase the amplitude and frequency of Ca2+ (that is, a rapid increase and decrease of calcium within one second) during the cardiac action potential. In this study, we demonstrated that cADPR levels higher than physiological levels induce a slow and gradual increase in the resting intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) level over 10 min by inhibiting the sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA). Higher cADPR levels mediate the tyrosine-dephosphorylation of α-actin by protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) present in the endoplasmic reticulum. The tyrosine dephosphorylation of α-actin dissociates phospholamban, the key regulator of SERCA, from α-actin and results in SERCA inhibition. The disruption of the integrity of α-actin by cytochalasin B and the inhibition of α-actin tyrosine dephosphorylation by a PTP1B inhibitor block cADPR-mediated Ca2+ increase. Our results suggest that levels of cADPR that are relatively higher than normal physiological levels modify calcium homeostasis through the dephosphorylation of α-actin by PTB1B and the subsequent inhibition of SERCA in cardiac myocytes.
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Johnstone VPA, Viola HM, Hool LC. Dystrophic Cardiomyopathy-Potential Role of Calcium in Pathogenesis, Treatment and Novel Therapies. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8040108. [PMID: 28338606 PMCID: PMC5406855 DOI: 10.3390/genes8040108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is caused by defects in the DMD gene and results in progressive wasting of skeletal and cardiac muscle due to an absence of functional dystrophin. Cardiomyopathy is prominent in DMD patients, and contributes significantly to mortality. This is particularly true following respiratory interventions that reduce death rate and increase ambulation and consequently cardiac load. Cardiomyopathy shows an increasing prevalence with age and disease progression, and over 95% of patients exhibit dilated cardiomyopathy by the time they reach adulthood. Development of the myopathy is complex, and elevations in intracellular calcium, functional muscle ischemia, and mitochondrial dysfunction characterise the pathophysiology. Current therapies are limited to treating symptoms of the disease and there is therefore an urgent need to treat the underlying genetic defect. Several novel therapies are outlined here, and the unprecedented success of phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs) in preclinical and clinical studies is overviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria P A Johnstone
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Helena M Viola
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Livia C Hool
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.
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Cserne Szappanos H, Viola H, Hool LC. L-type calcium channel: Clarifying the "oxygen sensing hypothesis". Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 86:32-36. [PMID: 28323207 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The heart is able to respond acutely to changes in oxygen tension. Since ion channels can respond rapidly to stimuli, the "ion channel oxygen sensing hypothesis" has been proposed to explain acute adaptation of cells to changes in oxygen demand. However the exact mechanism for oxygen sensing continues to be debated. Mitochondria consume the lion's share of oxygen in the heart, fuelling the production of ATP that drives excitation and contraction. Mitochondria also produce reactive oxygen species that are capable of altering the redox state of proteins. The cardiac L-type calcium channel is responsible for maintaining excitation and contraction. Recently, the reactive cysteine on the cardiac L-type calcium channel was identified. These data clarified that the channel does not respond directly to changes in oxygen tension, but rather responds to cellular redox state. This leads to acute alterations in cell signalling responsible for the development of arrhythmias and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrietta Cserne Szappanos
- School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Helena Viola
- School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Livia C Hool
- School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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48
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Yoon MN, Kim DK, Kim SH, Park HS. Hydrogen peroxide attenuates refilling of intracellular calcium store in mouse pancreatic acinar cells. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 21:233-239. [PMID: 28280417 PMCID: PMC5343057 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2017.21.2.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular calcium (Ca2+) oscillation is an initial event in digestive enzyme secretion of pancreatic acinar cells. Reactive oxygen species are known to be associated with a variety of oxidative stress-induced cellular disorders including pancreatitis. In this study, we investigated the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on intracellular Ca2+ accumulation in mouse pancreatic acinar cells. Perfusion of H2O2 at 300 µM resulted in additional elevation of intracellular Ca2+ levels and termination of oscillatory Ca2+ signals induced by carbamylcholine (CCh) in the presence of normal extracellular Ca2+. Antioxidants, catalase or DTT, completely prevented H2O2-induced additional Ca2+ increase and termination of Ca2+ oscillation. In Ca2+-free medium, H2O2 still enhanced CCh-induced intracellular Ca2+ levels and thapsigargin (TG) mimicked H2O2-induced cytosolic Ca2+ increase. Furthermore, H2O2-induced elevation of intracellular Ca2+ levels was abolished under sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase-inactivated condition by TG pretreatment with CCh. H2O2 at 300 µM failed to affect store-operated Ca2+ entry or Ca2+ extrusion through plasma membrane. Additionally, ruthenium red, a mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter blocker, failed to attenuate H2O2-induced intracellular Ca2+ elevation. These results provide evidence that excessive generation of H2O2 in pathological conditions could accumulate intracellular Ca2+ by attenuating refilling of internal Ca2+ stores rather than by inhibiting Ca2+ extrusion to extracellular fluid or enhancing Ca2+ mobilization from extracellular medium in mouse pancreatic acinar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Na Yoon
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
| | - Dong Kwan Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
| | - Se Hoon Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
| | - Hyung Seo Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea.; Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
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49
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O'Hare Doig RL, Bartlett CA, Smith NM, Hodgetts SI, Dunlop SA, Hool L, Fitzgerald M. Specific combinations of ion channel inhibitors reduce excessive Ca 2+ influx as a consequence of oxidative stress and increase neuronal and glial cell viability in vitro. Neuroscience 2016; 339:450-462. [PMID: 27725216 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Combinations of Ca2+ channel inhibitors have been proposed as an effective means to prevent excess Ca2+ flux and death of neurons and glia following neurotrauma in vivo. However, it is not yet known if beneficial outcomes such as improved viability have been due to direct effects on intracellular Ca2+ concentrations. Here, the effects of combinations of Lomerizine (Lom), 2,3-dioxo-7-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)6-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-quinoxalinyl]acetic acid monohydrate (YM872), 3,5-dimethyl-1-adamantanamine (memantine (Mem)) and/or adenosine 5'-triphosphate periodate oxidized sodium salt (oxATP) to block voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ permeable α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors, NMDA receptors and purinergic P2X7 receptors (P2X7R) respectively, on Ca2+ concentration and viability of rat primary mixed cortical (MC) cultures exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) insult, were assessed. The contribution of ryanodine-sensitive intracellular stores to intracellular Ca2+ concentration was also assessed. Live cell calcium imaging revealed that a 30min H2O2 insult induced a slow increase in intracellular Ca2+, in part from intracellular sources, associated with loss of cell viability by 6h. Most combinations of inhibitors that included oxATP significantly decreased Ca2+ influx and increased cell viability when administered simultaneously with H2O2. However, reductions in intracellular Ca2+ concentration were not always linked to improved cell viability. Examination of the density of specific cell subpopulations demonstrated that most combinations of inhibitors that included oxATP preserved NG2+ non-oligodendroglial cells, but preservation of astrocytes and neurons required additional inhibitors. Olig2+ oligodendroglia and ED-1+ activated microglia/macrophages were not preserved by any of the inhibitor combinations. These data indicate that following H2O2 insult, limiting intracellular Ca2+ entry via P2X7R is generally associated with increased cell viability. Protection of NG2+ non-oligodendroglial cells by Ca2+ channel inhibitor combinations may contribute to observed beneficial outcomes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan L O'Hare Doig
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia; School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia; School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Carole A Bartlett
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia; School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nicole M Smith
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia; School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia; School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Stuart I Hodgetts
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia; School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sarah A Dunlop
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia; School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Livia Hool
- School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Melinda Fitzgerald
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia; School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.
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50
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Is Hydrogen Peroxide a Suitable Apoptosis Inducer for All Cell Types? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:7343965. [PMID: 27595106 PMCID: PMC4993923 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7343965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide is currently the most widely used apoptosis inducer due to its broad cytotoxic efficacy against nearly all cell types. However, equivalent cytotoxicity is achieved over a wide range of doses, although the reasons for this differential sensitivity are not always clear. In this study, three kinds of cells, the 293T cell line, primary fibroblasts, and terminally differentiated myocardial cells, were treated with a wide range of H2O2 doses. Times to apoptosis initiation and end were measured cytochemically and the changes in expression of caspase-9, P53, NF-κB, and RIP were determined by RT-PCR. The 293T cell line was the most sensitive to H2O2, undergoing necroptosis and/or apoptosis at all concentrations from 0.1 to 1.6 mM. At > 0.4 mM, H2O2 also caused necroptosis in primary cells. At < 0.4 mM, however, primary cells exhibited classic signs of apoptosis, although they tended to survive for 36 hours in < 0.2 mM H2O2. Thus, H2O2 is a broadly effective apoptosis inducer, but the dose range differs by cell type. For cell lines, a low dose is required and the exposure time must be reduced compared to primary cells to avoid cell death primarily by necroptosis or necrosis.
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