1
|
Wang L, Xie Z, Wu M, Chen Y, Wang X, Li X, Liu F. The role of taurine through endoplasmic reticulum in physiology and pathology. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 226:116386. [PMID: 38909788 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid found in many cell organelles that plays a wide range of biological roles, including bile salt production, osmoregulation, oxidative stress reduction, and neuromodulation. Taurine treatments have also been shown to ameliorate the onset and development of many diseases, including hypertension, fatty liver, neurodegenerative diseases and ischemia-reperfusion injury, by exerting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a dynamic organelle involved in a wide range of cellular functions, including lipid metabolism, calcium storage and protein stabilization. Under stress, the disruption of the ER environment leads to the accumulation of misfolded proteins and a characteristic stress response called the unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR protects cells from stress and helps to restore cellular homeostasis, but its activation promotes cell death under prolonged ER stress. Recent studies have shown that ER stress is closely related to the onset and development of many diseases. This article reviews the beneficial effects and related mechanisms of taurine by regulating the ER in different physiological and pathological states, with the aim of providing a reference for further research and clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Wang
- Institute of Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Engineering Research Center for Applied Microbiology of Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Zhenxing Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Mengxian Wu
- Institute of Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Engineering Research Center for Applied Microbiology of Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yunayuan Chen
- Institute of Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Engineering Research Center for Applied Microbiology of Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Engineering Research Center for Applied Microbiology of Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xingke Li
- Institute of Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Engineering Research Center for Applied Microbiology of Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Fangli Liu
- College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiménez-González S, Delgado-Valero B, Islas F, Romero-Miranda A, Luaces M, Ramchandani B, Cuesta-Corral M, Montoro-Garrido A, Martínez-Martínez E, Cachofeiro V. The detrimental role of galectin-3 and endoplasmic reticulum stress in the cardiac consequences of myocardial ischemia in the context of obesity. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23818. [PMID: 38989572 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400747r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The association between cardiac fibrosis and galectin-3 was evaluated in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI). The role of galectin-3 and its association with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activation in the progression of cardiovascular fibrosis was also evaluated in obese-infarcted rats. The inhibitor of galectin-3 activity, modified citrus pectin (MCP; 100 mg/kg/day), and the inhibitor of the ER stress activation, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA; 500 mg/kg/day), were administered for 4 weeks after MI in obese rats. Overweight-obese patients who suffered a first MI showed higher circulating galectin-3 levels, higher extracellular volume, and LV infarcted size, as well as lower E/e'ratio and LVEF compared with normal-weight patients. A correlation was observed between galectin-3 levels and extracellular volume. Obese-infarcted animals presented cardiac hypertrophy and reduction in LVEF, and E/A ratio as compared with control animals. They also showed an increase in galectin-3 gene expression, as well as cardiac fibrosis and reduced autophagic flux. These alterations were associated with ER stress activation characterized by enhanced cardiac levels of binding immunoglobulin protein, which were correlated with those of galectin-3. Both MCP and 4-PBA not only reduced cardiac fibrosis, oxidative stress, galectin-3 levels, and ER stress activation, but also prevented cardiac functional alterations and ameliorated autophagic flux. These results show the relevant role of galectin-3 in the development of diffuse fibrosis associated with MI in the context of obesity in both the animal model and patients. Galectin-3 in tandem with ER stress activation could modulate different downstream mechanisms, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Jiménez-González
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Delgado-Valero
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fabian Islas
- Unidad de Imagen Cardíaca, Hospital General Universitario de Talavera de la Reina, Toledo, Spain
| | - Ana Romero-Miranda
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luaces
- Servicio de Cardiología, Instituto Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bunty Ramchandani
- Servicio de Cirugía Cardiaca Infantil, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Cuesta-Corral
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Montoro-Garrido
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ernesto Martínez-Martínez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Victoria Cachofeiro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Balhara M, Neikirk K, Marshall A, Hinton A, Kirabo A. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Hypertension and Salt Sensitivity of Blood Pressure. Curr Hypertens Rep 2024; 26:273-290. [PMID: 38602583 PMCID: PMC11166838 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-024-01300-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hypertension is a principal risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, with its severity exacerbated by high sodium intake, particularly in individuals with salt-sensitive blood pressure. However, the mechanisms underlying hypertension and salt sensitivity are only partly understood. Herein, we review potential interactions in hypertension pathophysiology involving the immune system, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, the unfolded protein response (UPR), and proteostasis pathways; identify knowledge gaps; and discuss future directions. RECENT FINDINGS Recent advancements by our research group and others reveal interactions within and between adaptive and innate immune responses in hypertension pathophysiology. The salt-immune-hypertension axis is further supported by the discovery of the role of dendritic cells in hypertension, marked by isolevuglandin (IsoLG) formation. Alongside these broadened understandings of immune-mediated salt sensitivity, the contributions of T cells to hypertension have been recently challenged by groups whose findings did not support increased resistance of Rag-1-deficient mice to Ang II infusion. Hypertension has also been linked to ER stress and the UPR. Notably, a holistic approach is needed because the UPR engages in crosstalk with autophagy, the ubiquitin proteasome, and other proteostasis pathways, that may all involve hypertension. There is a critical need for studies to establish cause and effect relationships between ER stress and the UPR in hypertension pathophysiology in humans and to determine whether the immune system and ER stress function mainly to exacerbate or initiate hypertension and target organ injury. This review of recent studies proposes new avenues for future research for targeted therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Balhara
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37212-8802, USA
| | - Kit Neikirk
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Andrea Marshall
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Antentor Hinton
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37212-8802, USA.
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Nashville, USA.
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Nashville, USA.
- Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Nashville, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Eguchi S, Torimoto K, Adebiyi A, Kanthakumar P, Bomfim GF, Wenceslau CF, Dahlen SA, Osei-Owusu P. Milestone Papers on Signal Transduction Mechanisms of Hypertension and Its Complications. Hypertension 2024; 81:977-990. [PMID: 38372140 PMCID: PMC11023792 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.21365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
To celebrate 100 years of American Heart Association-supported cardiovascular disease research, this review article highlights milestone papers that have significantly contributed to the current understanding of the signaling mechanisms driving hypertension and associated cardiovascular disorders. This article also includes a few of the future research directions arising from these critical findings. To accomplish this important mission, 4 principal investigators gathered their efforts to cover distinct yet intricately related areas of signaling mechanisms pertaining to the pathogenesis of hypertension. The renin-angiotensin system, canonical and novel contractile and vasodilatory pathways in the resistance vasculature, vascular smooth muscle regulation by membrane channels, and noncanonical regulation of blood pressure and vascular function will be described and discussed as major subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Eguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Science, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University
- Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University
| | - Keiichi Torimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Science, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University
| | - Adebowale Adebiyi
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Praghalathan Kanthakumar
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Gisele F. Bomfim
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine
| | - Camilla Ferreira Wenceslau
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine
| | - Shelby A. Dahlen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University
| | - Patrick Osei-Owusu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zavadskis S, Shiganyan A, Müllebner A, Oesterreicher J, Holnthoner W, Duvigneau JC, Kozlov AV. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Induces Vasodilation in Liver Vessels That Is Not Mediated by Unfolded Protein Response. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3865. [PMID: 38612675 PMCID: PMC11012071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence that ER stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) play a key role in numerous diseases. Impaired liver perfusion and ER stress often accompany each other in liver diseases. However, the exact impact of ER stress and UPR on the hepatic perfusion is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to disclose the effect of ER stress and UPR on the size of liver vessels and on the levels of Ca2+ and nitric oxide (NO), critical regulators of vascular tonus. This study was carried out in precisely cut liver tissue slices. Confocal microscopy was used to create 3D images of vessels. NO levels were determined either using either laser scan microscopy (LSM) in cells or by NO-analyser in medium. Ca2+ levels were analysed by LSM. We show that tunicamycin, an inducer of ER stress, acts similarly with vasodilator acetylcholine. Both exert a similar effect on the NO and Ca2+ levels; both induce significant vasodilation. Notably, this vasodilative effect persisted despite individual inhibition of UPR pathways-ATF-6, PERK, and IRE1-despite confirming the activation of UPR. Experiments with HUVEC cells showed that elevated NO levels did not result from endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activation. Our study suggests that tunicamycin-mediated ER stress induces liver vessel vasodilation in an NO-dependent manner, which is mediated by intracellular nitrodilator-activatable NO store (NANOS) in smooth muscle cells rather than by eNOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergejs Zavadskis
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (S.Z.)
| | - Anna Shiganyan
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (S.Z.)
| | - Andrea Müllebner
- Department of Biological Sciences and Pathobiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Oesterreicher
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (S.Z.)
| | - Wolfgang Holnthoner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (S.Z.)
| | - Johanna Catharina Duvigneau
- Department of Biological Sciences and Pathobiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrey V. Kozlov
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (S.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Saaoud F, Lu Y, Xu K, Shao Y, Praticò D, Vazquez-Padron RI, Wang H, Yang X. Protein-rich foods, sea foods, and gut microbiota amplify immune responses in chronic diseases and cancers - Targeting PERK as a novel therapeutic strategy for chronic inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 255:108604. [PMID: 38360205 PMCID: PMC10917129 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a cellular organelle that is physiologically responsible for protein folding, calcium homeostasis, and lipid biosynthesis. Pathological stimuli such as oxidative stress, ischemia, disruptions in calcium homeostasis, and increased production of normal and/or folding-defective proteins all contribute to the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER, causing ER stress. The adaptive response to ER stress is the activation of unfolded protein response (UPR), which affect a wide variety of cellular functions to maintain ER homeostasis or lead to apoptosis. Three different ER transmembrane sensors, including PKR-like ER kinase (PERK), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), and inositol-requiring enzyme-1 (IRE1), are responsible for initiating UPR. The UPR involves a variety of signal transduction pathways that reduce unfolded protein accumulation by boosting ER-resident chaperones, limiting protein translation, and accelerating unfolded protein degradation. ER is now acknowledged as a critical organelle in sensing dangers and determining cell life and death. On the other hand, UPR plays a critical role in the development and progression of several diseases such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD), metabolic disorders, chronic kidney diseases, neurological disorders, and cancer. Here, we critically analyze the most current knowledge of the master regulatory roles of ER stress particularly the PERK pathway as a conditional danger receptor, an organelle crosstalk regulator, and a regulator of protein translation. We highlighted that PERK is not only ER stress regulator by sensing UPR and ER stress but also a frontier sensor and direct senses for gut microbiota-generated metabolites. Our work also further highlighted the function of PERK as a central hub that leads to metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic modification which further enhanced inflammatory response and promoted trained immunity. Moreover, we highlighted the contribution of ER stress and PERK in the pathogenesis of several diseases such as cancer, CVD, kidney diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic target of ER stress and PERK for cancer treatment and the potential novel therapeutic targets for CVD, metabolic disorders, and neurodegenerative disorders. Inhibition of ER stress, by the development of small molecules that target the PERK and UPR, represents a promising therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Saaoud
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics and Vascular Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yifan Lu
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics and Vascular Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Keman Xu
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics and Vascular Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ying Shao
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics and Vascular Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Domenico Praticò
- Alzheimer's Center, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Hong Wang
- Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics and Vascular Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
An Y, Wang X, Guan X, Yuan P, Liu Y, Wei L, Wang F, Qi X. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated cell death in cardiovascular disease. Cell Stress Chaperones 2024; 29:158-174. [PMID: 38295944 PMCID: PMC10939083 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstres.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a vital function in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) can trigger various modes of cell death by activating the unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathway. Cell death plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of diseases such as cancer, liver diseases, neurological diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Several cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure are associated with ER stress. ER stress-mediated cell death is of interest in cardiovascular disease. Moreover, an increasing body of evidence supports the potential of modulating ERS for treating cardiovascular disease. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the UPR signaling pathway, the mechanisms that induce cell death, and the modes of cell death in cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, we discuss the mechanisms of ERS and UPR in common cardiovascular diseases, along with potential therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan An
- School of Graduate Studies, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinshuang Wang
- School of Graduate Studies, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuju Guan
- School of Graduate Studies, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Yuan
- School of Graduate Studies, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Liping Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Xin Qi
- School of Graduate Studies, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang Z, Fu X, Zhou F, Zhang D, Xu Y, Fan Z, Wen S, Shao Y, Yao Z, He Y. Huaju Xiaoji Formula Regulates ERS-lncMGC/miRNA to Enhance the Renal Function of Hypertensive Diabetic Mice with Nephropathy. J Diabetes Res 2024; 2024:6942156. [PMID: 38282657 PMCID: PMC10821808 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6942156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Better therapeutic drugs are required for treating hypertensive diabetic nephropathy. In our previous study, the Huaju Xiaoji (HJXJ) formula promoted the renal function of patients with diabetes and hypertensive nephropathy. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effect and regulation mechanism of HJXJ in hypertensive diabetic mice with nephropathy. Methods We constructed a mouse hypertensive diabetic nephropathy (HDN) model by treating mice with streptozotocin (STZ) and nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (LNAME). We also constructed a human glomerular mesangial cell (HGMC) model that was induced by high doses of sugar (30 mmol/mL) and TGFβ1 (5 ng/mL). Pathological changes were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining, and Masson staining. The fibrosis-related molecules (TGFβ1, fibronectin, laminin, COL I, COL IV, α-SMA, and p-smad2/3) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA levels and protein expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress, fibrosis molecules, and their downstream molecules were assessed using qPCR and Western blotting assays. Results Administering HJXJ promoted the renal function of HDN mice. HJXJ reduced the expression of ER stress makers (CHOP and GRP78) and lncMGC, miR379, miR494, miR495, miR377, CUGBP2, CPEB4, EDEM3, and ATF3 in HDN mice and model HGMCs. The positive control drugs (dapagliflozin and valsartan) also showed similar effects after treatment with HJXJ. Additionally, in model HGMCs, the overexpression of CHOP or lncMGC decreased the effects of HJXJ-M on the level of fibrosis molecules and downstream target molecules. Conclusion In this study, we showed that the HJXJ formula may regulate ERS-lncMGC/miRNA to enhance renal function in hypertensive diabetic mice with nephropathy. This study may act as a reference for further investigating whether combining HJXJ with other drugs can enhance its therapeutic effect. The findings of this study might provide new insights into the clinical treatment of hypertensive diabetic nephropathy with HJXJ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Xiaodong Fu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Fengzhu Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Duanchun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Yanqiu Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Zhaohua Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Shimei Wen
- Department of Endocrinology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Yanting Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Zheng Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Yanming He
- Department of Endocrinology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li RL, Zhuo CL, Yan X, Li H, Lin L, Li LY, Jiang Q, Zhang D, Wang XM, Liu LL, Huang WJ, Wang YL, Li XY, Mao Y, Chen Y, Liu X, Xu QC, Cai YY, Yang XJ, Chen HY, Wu SS, Jiang W. Irisin attenuates vascular remodeling in hypertensive mice induced by Ang II by suppressing Ca 2+-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress in VSMCs. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:680-700. [PMID: 38169582 PMCID: PMC10758105 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.84153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular remodeling plays a vital role in hypertensive diseases and is an important target for hypertension treatment. Irisin, a newly discovered myokine and adipokine, has been found to have beneficial effects on various cardiovascular diseases. However, the pharmacological effect of irisin in antagonizing hypertension-induced vascular remodeling is not well understood. In the present study, we investigated the protection and mechanisms of irisin against hypertension and vascular remodeling induced by angiotensin II (Ang II). Adult male mice of wild-type, FNDC5 (irisin-precursor) knockout, and FNDC5 overexpression were used to develop hypertension by challenging them with Ang II subcutaneously in the back using a microosmotic pump for 4 weeks. Similar to the attenuation of irisin on Ang II-induced VSMCs remodeling, endogenous FNDC5 ablation exacerbated, and exogenous FNDC5 overexpression alleviated Ang II-induced hypertension and vascular remodeling. Aortic RNA sequencing showed that irisin deficiency exacerbated intracellular calcium imbalance and increased vasoconstriction, which was parallel to the deterioration in both ER calcium dysmetabolism and ER stress. FNDC5 overexpression/exogenous irisin supplementation protected VSMCs from Ang II-induced remodeling by improving endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis. This improvement includes inhibiting Ca2+ release from the ER and promoting the re-absorption of Ca2+ into the ER, thus relieving Ca2+-dependent ER stress. Furthermore, irisin was confirmed to bind to its receptors, αV/β5 integrins, to further activate the AMPK pathway and inhibit the p38 pathway, leading to vasoprotection in Ang II-insulted VSMCs. These results indicate that irisin protects against hypertension and vascular remodeling in Ang II-challenged mice by restoring calcium homeostasis and attenuating ER stress in VSMCs via activating AMPK and suppressing p38 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ru-li Li
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, PR China
| | - Cai-li Zhuo
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Xin Yan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - He Li
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Lan Lin
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Ling-yu Li
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Qiying Jiang
- West China College of Preclinical Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Die Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Xue-mei Wang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Lin-ling Liu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
- West China College of Preclinical Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Wen-jing Huang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Ying-ling Wang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Xin-yue Li
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Yan Mao
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Yixin Chen
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Quan-chen Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong 518055, PR. China
| | - Yu-yan Cai
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Xi-jing Yang
- Core Facilities, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Hong-ying Chen
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
- Core Facilities, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Si-si Wu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
- Core Facilities, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Campeau MA, Leask RL. Empagliflozin reduces endoplasmic reticulum stress associated TXNIP/NLRP3 activation in tunicamycin-stimulated aortic endothelial cells. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:267-279. [PMID: 37421429 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02607-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have proven to be of therapeutic significance for cardiovascular diseases beyond the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Recent studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of SGLT2i on endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction, but the underlying cellular mechanisms remain to be clarified. In this study, we sought to understand the effect of empagliflozin (EMPA; Jardiance®) on cell homeostasis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling. ER stress was induced by tunicamycin (Tm) in human abdominal aortic ECs treated with EMPA over 24 h. Tm-induced ER stress caused increases in the protein expression of thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP), NLR-family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and in the ratio of phospho-eIF2α/eIF2α. EMPA (50-100 µM) resulted in a dampened downstream activation of ER stress as seen by the reduced expression of CHOP and TXNIP/NLRP3 in a dose-dependent manner. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (nrf2) translocation was also attenuated in EMPA-treated ECs. These results suggest that EMPA improves redox signaling under ER stress which in turn attenuates the activation of TXNIP/NLRP3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard L Leask
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Camargo LL, Wang Y, Rios FJ, McBride M, Montezano AC, Touyz RM. Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticular Stress Interplay in the Vasculopathy of Hypertension. Can J Cardiol 2023; 39:1874-1887. [PMID: 37875177 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Under physiologic conditions, reactive oxygen species (ROS) function as signalling molecules that control cell function. However, in pathologic conditions, increased generation of ROS triggers oxidative stress, which plays a role in vascular changes associated with hypertension, including endothelial dysfunction, vascular reactivity, and arterial remodelling (termed the vasculopathy of hypertension). The major source of ROS in the vascular system is NADPH oxidase (NOX). Increased NOX activity drives vascular oxidative stress in hypertension. Molecular mechanisms underlying vascular damage in hypertension include activation of redox-sensitive signalling pathways, post-translational modification of proteins, and oxidative damage of DNA and cytoplasmic proteins. In addition, oxidative stress leads to accumulation of proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (termed ER stress), with consequent activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). ER stress is emerging as a potential player in hypertension as abnormal protein folding in the ER leads to oxidative stress and dysregulated activation of the UPR promotes inflammation and injury in vascular and cardiac cells. In addition, the ER engages in crosstalk with exogenous sources of ROS, such as mitochondria and NOX, which can amplify redox processes. Here we provide an update of the role of ROS and NOX in hypertension and discuss novel concepts on the interplay between oxidative stress and ER stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Livia L Camargo
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Francisco J Rios
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Martin McBride
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Augusto C Montezano
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada; McGill University, Department of Medicine and Department of Family Medicine, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Alluri K, Srinivas B, Belmadani S, Matrougui K. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells contribute to vascular endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1222243. [PMID: 38094119 PMCID: PMC10716216 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1222243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to macro- and microvascular dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate the potential involvement of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in T2D-related vascular dysfunction. Approach and results pDCs were isolated from db/db and control mice. It was found that pDCs from db/db mice impaired endothelial cell eNOS phosphorylation in response to ATP and decreased vascular endothelium-dependent relaxation compared to pDCs from control mice. Moreover, isolated CD4+ cells from control mice, when stimulated overnight with high glucose and lipids, and isolated pDCs from db/db mice, display elevated levels of ER stress, inflammation, and apoptosis markers. Flow cytometry revealed that pDC frequency was higher in db/db mice than in controls. In vivo, the reduction of pDCs using anti-PDCA-1 antibodies in male and female db/db mice for 4 weeks significantly improved vascular endothelial function and eNOS phosphorylation. Conclusion pDCs may contribute to vascular dysfunction in T2D by impairing endothelial cell function. Targeting pDCs with anti-PDCA-1 antibodies may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for improving vascular endothelial function in T2D patients. This study provides new insights into the pathogenesis of T2D-related vascular dysfunction and highlights the potential of immunomodulatory therapies for treating this complication. Further studies are warranted to explore the clinical potential of this approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - K. Matrougui
- Department of Physiological Sciences, EVMS, Norfolk, VA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hasan M, Al-Thani H, El-Menyar A, Zeidan A, Al-Thani A, Yalcin HC. Disturbed hemodynamics and oxidative stress interaction in endothelial dysfunction and AAA progression: Focus on Nrf2 pathway. Int J Cardiol 2023; 389:131238. [PMID: 37536420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Hemodynamic shear stress is one of the major factors that are involved in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), through its modulatory effect on the endothelial cell's redox homeostasis and mechanosensitive gene expression. Among important mechanisms, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress activation, and the subsequent endothelial dysfunction are attributed to disturbed blood flow and low shear stress in the vascular curvature and bifurcations which are considered atheroprone regions and aneurysm occurrence spots. Many pathways were shown to be involved in AAA progression. Of particular interest from recent findings is, the (Nrf2)/Keap-1 pathway, where Nrf2 is a transcription factor that has antioxidant properties and is strongly associated with several CVDs, yet, the exact mechanism by which Nrf2 alleviates CVDs still to be elucidated. Nrf2 expression is closely affected by shear stress and was shown to participate in AAA. In the current review paper, we discussed the link between disturbed hemodynamics and its effect on Nrf2 as a mechanosensitive gene and its role in the development of endothelial dysfunction which is linked to the progression of AAA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maram Hasan
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hassan Al-Thani
- Department of Surgery, Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ayman El-Menyar
- Department of Surgery, Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar; Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asad Zeidan
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, QU health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asmaa Al-Thani
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Huseyin C Yalcin
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhong M, Wu Z, Chen Z, Ren Q, Zhou J. Advances in the interaction between endoplasmic reticulum stress and osteoporosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115134. [PMID: 37437374 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the main site for protein synthesis, folding, and secretion, and accumulation of the unfolded/misfolded proteins in the ER may induce ER stress. ER stress is an important participant in various intracellular signaling pathways. Prolonged- or high-intensity ER stress may induce cell apoptosis. Osteoporosis, characterized by imbalanced bone remodeling, is a global disease caused by many factors, such as ER stress. ER stress stimulates osteoblast apoptosis, increases bone loss, and promotes osteoporosis development. Many factors, such as the drug's adverse effects, metabolic disorders, calcium ion imbalance, bad habits, and aging, have been reported to activate ER stress, resulting in the pathological development of osteoporosis. Increasing evidence shows that ER stress regulates osteogenic differentiation, osteoblast activity, and osteoclast formation and function. Various therapeutic agents have been developed to counteract ER stress and thereby suppress osteoporosis development. Thus, inhibition of ER stress has become a potential target for the therapeutic management of osteoporosis. However, the in-depth understanding of ER stress in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis still needs more effort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Zhong
- College of Rehabilitation, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Zhenyu Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Zhixi Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Qun Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Jianguo Zhou
- Department of Joint Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Puertas-Umbert L, Almendra-Pegueros R, Jiménez-Altayó F, Sirvent M, Galán M, Martínez-González J, Rodríguez C. Novel pharmacological approaches in abdominal aortic aneurysm. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1167-1194. [PMID: 37559446 PMCID: PMC10415166 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a severe vascular disease and a major public health issue with an unmet medical need for therapy. This disease is featured by a progressive dilation of the abdominal aorta, boosted by atherosclerosis, ageing, and smoking as major risk factors. Aneurysm growth increases the risk of aortic rupture, a life-threatening emergency with high mortality rates. Despite the increasing progress in our knowledge about the etiopathology of AAA, an effective pharmacological treatment against this disorder remains elusive and surgical repair is still the unique available therapeutic approach for high-risk patients. Meanwhile, there is no medical alternative for patients with small aneurysms but close surveillance. Clinical trials assessing the efficacy of antihypertensive agents, statins, doxycycline, or anti-platelet drugs, among others, failed to demonstrate a clear benefit limiting AAA growth, while data from ongoing clinical trials addressing the benefit of metformin on aneurysm progression are eagerly awaited. Recent preclinical studies have postulated new therapeutic targets and pharmacological strategies paving the way for the implementation of future clinical studies exploring these novel therapeutic strategies. This review summarises some of the most relevant clinical and preclinical studies in search of new therapeutic approaches for AAA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lídia Puertas-Umbert
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Francesc Jiménez-Altayó
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Neuroscience Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Sirvent
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular del Hospital Universitari General de Granollers, Granollers, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Galán
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - José Martínez-González
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Rodríguez
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Srinivas BK, Bourdi A, O'Regan JD, Malavalli KD, Rhaleb N, Belmadani S, Matrougui K. Interleukin-1β Disruption Protects Male Mice From Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Pathogenesis. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e029668. [PMID: 37345828 PMCID: PMC10382083 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.029668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a significant unmet need in cardiovascular medicine and remains an untreatable cardiovascular disease. The role and mechanism of interleukin-1β in HFpEF pathogenesis are poorly understood. Methods and Results C57/Bl6J and interleukin-1β-/- male mice were randomly divided into 4 groups. Groups 1 and 2: C57/Bl6J and interleukin-1β-/- mice were fed a regular diet for 4 months and considered controls. Groups 3 and 4: C57/Bl6 and interleukin-1β-/- mice were fed a high-fat diet with N[w]-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, 0.5 g/L) in the drinking water for 4 months. We measured body weight, blood pressure, diabetes status, cardiac function/hypertrophy/inflammation, fibrosis, vascular endothelial function, and signaling. C57/Bl6 fed a high-fat diet and N[w]-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester in the drinking water for 4 months developed HFpEF pathogenesis characterized by obesity, diabetes, hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, lung edema, low running performance, macrovascular and microvascular endothelial dysfunction, and diastolic cardiac dysfunction but no change in cardiac ejection fraction compared with control mice. Interestingly, the genetic disruption of interleukin-1β protected mice from HFpEF pathogenesis through the modulation of the inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress mechanisms. Conclusions Our data suggest that interleukin-1β is a critical driver in the development of HFpEF pathogenesis, likely through regulating inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways. Our findings provide a potential therapeutic target for HFpEF treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aya Bourdi
- Department of Physiological SciencesEVMSNorfolkVAUSA
| | | | | | - Nour‐Eddine Rhaleb
- Hypertension & Vascular Research DivisionDepartment of Internal MedicineHenry Ford HealthDetroitMIUSA
- Department of PhysiologySchool of MedicineWayne State UniversityDetroitMIUSA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ahmed AA, Mohamed SK, Nofal S, El Morsy EM, Ahmed AAE. Effect of bempedoic acid on angiotensin-II induced hypertension and vascular tissue remodelling in renal hypertensive rats through AMPK multiple signalling pathways modulation. Life Sci 2023; 320:121573. [PMID: 36931497 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (Ang II), the effector of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), is a key player in the pathogenesis of chronic hypertension, accompanied by vascular tissue resistance, remodelling, and damage. Chronic activation of Ang II receptor 1 (AT-1R) impairs multiple cellular targets implicated in cellular protection and survival, including adenosine Monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signalling. In addition, it induces oxidative damage, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and fibrotic changes in resistance vessels. Our study investigated the antihypertensive and antifibrotic effects of bempedoic acid, a first-in-class antihyperlipidemic drug that targets adenosine triphosphate-citrate lyase enzyme to inhibit cholesterol synthesis. We also studied the modulation of multiple AMPK signalling pathways by bempedoic acid in a chronic hypertension model in rats. Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: sham group, hypertensive group, standard captopril group, and bempedoic treated group. All groups underwent left renal artery ligation except the sham group. Fourteen days post-surgery, captopril and bempedoic acid were administered with a dose of 30 mg/kg/day orally to captopril-standard and bempedoic acid-treated groups for two weeks, respectively. In mesenteric resistance arteries, bempedoic acid activated AMPK energy independently and augmented AMPK multiple cellular targets to adapt to Ang II-induced cellular stress. It exerted antioxidant activity, increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and reversed the ER stress. Bempedoic acid maintained vascular integrity and prevented vascular remodelling by inhibiting extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/transforming growth factor-β fibrotic pathway. These effects were reflected in the improved hemodynamic measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa A Ahmed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Egypt.
| | - Shimaa K Mohamed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Egypt
| | - Shahira Nofal
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Egypt
| | - Engy M El Morsy
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Egypt
| | - Amany A E Ahmed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Suhail H, Peng H, Xu J, Sabbah HN, Matrougui K, Liao TD, Ortiz PA, Bernstein KE, Rhaleb NE. Knockout of ACE-N facilitates improved cardiac function after myocardial infarction. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY PLUS 2023; 3:100024. [PMID: 36778784 PMCID: PMC9910327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmccpl.2022.100024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) hydrolyzes N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP) into inactive fragments through its N-terminal site (ACE-N). We previously showed that Ac-SDKP mediates ACE inhibitors' cardiac effects. Whether increased bioavailability of endogenous Ac-SDKP caused by knocking out ACE-N also improves cardiac function in myocardial infarction (MI)-induced heart failure (HF) is unknown. Wild-type (WT) and ACE-N knockout (ACE-NKO) mice were subjected to MI by ligating the left anterior descending artery and treated with vehicle or Ac-SDKP (1.6 mg/kg/day, s.c.) for 5 weeks, after which echocardiography was performed and left ventricles (LV) were harvested for histology and molecular biology studies. ACE-NKO mice showed increased plasma Ac-SDKP concentrations in both sham and MI group compared to WT. Exogenous Ac-SDKP further increased its circulating concentrations in WT and ACE-NKO. Shortening (SF) and ejection (EF) fractions were significantly decreased in both WT and ACE-NKO mice post-MI, but ACE-NKO mice exhibited significantly lesser decrease. Exogenous Ac-SDKP ameliorated cardiac function post-MI only in WT but failed to show any additive improvement in ACE-NKO mice. Sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium transport ATPase (SERCA2), a marker of cardiac function and calcium homeostasis, was significantly decreased in WT post-MI but rescued with Ac-SDKP, whereas ACE-NKO mice displayed less loss of SERCA2 expression. Our study demonstrates that gene deletion of ACE-N resulted in improved LV cardiac function in mice post-MI, which is likely mediated by increased circulating Ac-SDKP and minimally reduced expression of SERCA2. Thus, future development of specific and selective inhibitors for ACE-N could represent a novel approach to increase endogenous Ac-SDKP toward protecting the heart from post-MI remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Suhail
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular
Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Hongmei Peng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular
Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Jiang Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular
Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of
Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Hani N. Sabbah
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of
Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Khalid Matrougui
- Department of Physiology Sciences, Eastern Virginia
Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23501, USA
| | - Tang-Dong Liao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular
Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Pablo A. Ortiz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular
Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit,
MI 48201, USA
| | - Kenneth E. Bernstein
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical
Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nour-Eddine Rhaleb
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular
Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit,
MI 48201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sankrityayan H, Rao PD, Shelke V, Kulkarni YA, Mulay SR, Gaikwad AB. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Renin-Angiotensin System Crosstalk in Endothelial Dysfunction. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2023; 16:139-146. [PMID: 35232343 DOI: 10.2174/1874467215666220301113833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED) significantly results in catastrophic cardiovascular diseases with multiple aetiologies. Variations in vasoactive peptides, including angiotensin II and endothelin 1, and metabolic perturbations like hyperglycaemia, altered insulin signalling, and homocysteine levels result in pathogenic signalling cascades, which ultimately lead to VED. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress reduces nitric oxide availability, causes aberrant angiogenesis, and enhances oxidative stress pathways, consequently promoting endothelial dysfunction. Moreover, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has widely been acknowledged to impact angiogenesis, endothelial repair and inflammation. Interestingly, experimental studies at the preclinical level indicate a possible pathological link between the two pathways in the development of VED. Furthermore, pharmacological modulation of ER stress ameliorates angiotensin-II mediated VED as well as RAS intervention either through inhibition of the pressor arm or enhancement of the depressor arm of RAS, mitigating ER stress-induced endothelial dysfunction and thus emphasizing a vital crosstalk. CONCLUSION Deciphering the pathway overlap between RAS and ER stress may open potential therapeutic avenues to combat endothelial dysfunction and associated diseases. Several studies suggest that alteration in a component of RAS may induce ER stress or induction of ER stress may modulate the RAS components. In this review, we intend to elaborate on the crosstalk of ER stress and RAS in the pathophysiology of VED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Sankrityayan
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan-333031, India
| | - Pooja Dhileepkumar Rao
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan-333031, India
| | - Vishwadeep Shelke
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan-333031, India
| | - Yogesh A Kulkarni
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Shrikant R Mulay
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan-333031, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cicalese S, Torimoto K, Okuno K, Elliott KJ, Rizzo V, Hashimoto T, Eguchi S. Endoplasmic Reticulum Chemical Chaperone 3-Hydroxy-2-Naphthoic Acid Reduces Angiotensin II-Induced Vascular Remodeling and Hypertension In Vivo and Protein Synthesis In Vitro. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e028201. [PMID: 36444851 PMCID: PMC9851446 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.028201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Investigations into alternative treatments for hypertension are necessary because current treatments cannot fully reduce the risk for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Chronic activation of unfolded protein response attributable to the endoplasmic reticulum stress has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target for hypertension and associated vascular remodeling. Triggered by the accumulation of misfolded proteins, chronic unfolded protein response leads to downstream signaling of cellular inflammation and dysfunction. Here, we have tested our hypothesis that a novel chemical chaperone, 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (3HNA) can attenuate angiotensin II (AngII)-induced vascular remodeling and hypertension. Methods and Results Mice were infused with AngII for 2 weeks to induce vascular remodeling and hypertension with or without 3HNA treatment. We found that injections of 3HNA prevented hypertension and increase in heart weight body weight ratio induced by AngII infusion. Histological assessment revealed that 3HNA treatment prevented vascular medial thickening as well as perivascular fibrosis in response to AngII infusion. In cultured vascular smooth muscle cells, 3HNA attenuated enhancement in protein synthesis induced by AngII. In vascular adventitial fibroblasts, 3HNA prevented induction of unfolded protein response markers. Conclusions We present evidence that a chemical chaperone 3HNA prevents vascular remodeling and hypertension in mice with AngII infusion, and 3HNA further prevents increase in protein synthesis in AngII-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells. Using 3HNA may represent a novel therapy for hypertension with multiple benefits by preserving protein homeostasis under cardiovascular stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Cicalese
- Cardiovascular Research CenterLewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA
| | - Keiichi Torimoto
- Cardiovascular Research CenterLewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA
| | - Keisuke Okuno
- Cardiovascular Research CenterLewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA
| | - Katherine J. Elliott
- Cardiovascular Research CenterLewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA
| | - Victor Rizzo
- Cardiovascular Research CenterLewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA
| | - Tomoki Hashimoto
- Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, Departments of Neurosurgery and NeurobiologyBarrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixAZ
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Cardiovascular Research CenterLewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Devaux CA, Camoin-Jau L. An update on angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 structure/functions, polymorphism, and duplicitous nature in the pathophysiology of coronavirus disease 2019: Implications for vascular and coagulation disease associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1042200. [PMID: 36519165 PMCID: PMC9742611 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1042200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been known for many years that the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a cell surface enzyme involved in the regulation of blood pressure. More recently, it was proven that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) interacts with ACE2 to enter susceptible human cells. This functional duality of ACE2 tends to explain why this molecule plays such an important role in the clinical manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). At the very start of the pandemic, a publication from our Institute (entitled "ACE2 receptor polymorphism: susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2, hypertension, multi-organ failure, and COVID-19 disease outcome"), was one of the first reviews linking COVID-19 to the duplicitous nature of ACE2. However, even given that COVID-19 pathophysiology may be driven by an imbalance in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), we were still far from understanding the complexity of the mechanisms which are controlled by ACE2 in different cell types. To gain insight into the physiopathology of SARS-CoV-2 infection, it is essential to consider the polymorphism and expression levels of the ACE2 gene (including its alternative isoforms). Over the past 2 years, an impressive amount of new results have come to shed light on the role of ACE2 in the pathophysiology of COVID-19, requiring us to update our analysis. Genetic linkage studies have been reported that highlight a relationship between ACE2 genetic variants and the risk of developing hypertension. Currently, many research efforts are being undertaken to understand the links between ACE2 polymorphism and the severity of COVID-19. In this review, we update the state of knowledge on the polymorphism of ACE2 and its consequences on the susceptibility of individuals to SARS-CoV-2. We also discuss the link between the increase of angiotensin II levels among SARS-CoV-2-infected patients and the development of a cytokine storm associated microvascular injury and obstructive thrombo-inflammatory syndrome, which represent the primary causes of severe forms of COVID-19 and lethality. Finally, we summarize the therapeutic strategies aimed at preventing the severe forms of COVID-19 that target ACE2. Changing paradigms may help improve patients' therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian A. Devaux
- Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU–Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Center National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Laurence Camoin-Jau
- Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU–Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Hôpital de La Timone, APHM, Boulevard Jean-Moulin, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhou J, Weng J, Huang X, Sun S, Yang Q, Lin H, Yang J, Guo H, Chi J. Repair effect of the poly (D,L-lactic acid) nanoparticle containing tauroursodeoxycholic acid-eluting stents on endothelial injury after stent implantation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1025558. [PMID: 36426231 PMCID: PMC9678935 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1025558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) plays a crucial role in cardiovascular diseases. Thus, it can be considered a therapeutic target for these diseases. In this study, poly (D,L-lactic acid) (PDLLA) nanoparticle-eluting stents loaded with tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an ER stress inhibitor, was fabricated to assess their ability to reduce endothelial cell apoptosis and promote re-endothelialization after stent implantation. Materials and methods PDLLA nanoparticles loaded with TUDCA were prepared via the emulsification-solvent evaporation method. The cumulative release rates of TUDCA were measured in vitro via high-performance liquid chromatography. The carotid arteries of rabbits were subsequently implanted with stents in vivo. The rabbits were then sacrificed after 4 weeks for scanning electron microscopy. Meanwhile, TUDCA concentration in the homogenate of the peripheral blood and distal vascular tissue after stent implantation was measured. The effect of TUDCA on ERS, apoptosis, and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) function was investigated in vitro by performing cell migration assay, wound healing assay, cell proliferation assays, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-specific fluorescence staining, immunofluorescence, and western blotting. Results TUDCA nanoparticles were released slowly over 28 days. In addition, TUDCA-eluting stents enhanced re-endothelialization and accelerated the recovery of endotheliocytes in vivo. ERS and apoptosis significantly increased in H2O2-treated HUVECs in vitro. Meanwhile, TUDCA reduced apoptosis and improved function by inhibiting ERS in H2O2-treated HUVECs. Decreased rates of apoptosis and ERS were observed after silencing XBP-1s in H2O2-treated HUVECs. Conclusion TUDCA can inhibit apoptosis and promote re-endothelialization after stent implantation by inhibiting IRE/XBP1s-related ERS. These results indicate the potential therapeutic application of TUDCA as a drug-coated stent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiedong Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Jingfan Weng
- Zhejiang Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingxiao Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Shimin Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Jinjin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Hangyuan Guo
- Shaoxing University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jufang Chi
- Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
- *Correspondence: Jufang Chi,
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hamilton S, Terentyev D. ER stress and calcium-dependent arrhythmias. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1041940. [PMID: 36425292 PMCID: PMC9679650 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1041940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) plays the key role in cardiac function as the major source of Ca2+ that activates cardiomyocyte contractile machinery. Disturbances in finely-tuned SR Ca2+ release by SR Ca2+ channel ryanodine receptor (RyR2) and SR Ca2+ reuptake by SR Ca2+-ATPase (SERCa2a) not only impair contraction, but also contribute to cardiac arrhythmia trigger and reentry. Besides being the main Ca2+ storage organelle, SR in cardiomyocytes performs all the functions of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in other cell types including protein synthesis, folding and degradation. In recent years ER stress has become recognized as an important contributing factor in many cardiac pathologies, including deadly ventricular arrhythmias. This brief review will therefore focus on ER stress mechanisms in the heart and how these changes can lead to pro-arrhythmic defects in SR Ca2+ handling machinery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanna Hamilton
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States,*Correspondence: Shanna Hamilton,
| | - Dmitry Terentyev
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Improves Acetylcholine-Mediated Relaxation in the Aorta of Type-2 Diabetic Rats. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165107. [PMID: 36014347 PMCID: PMC9413505 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to insulin resistance and macro- and microvascular complications associated with diabetes. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ER stress inhibition on endothelial function in the aorta of type-2 diabetic rats. Type-2 diabetes was developed in male Sprague–Dawley rats using a high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin. Rat aortic tissues were harvested to study endothelial-dependent relaxation. The mechanisms for acetylcholine-mediated relaxation were investigated using pharmacological blockers, Western blotting, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers. Acetylcholine-mediated relaxation was diminished in the aorta of diabetic rats compared to control rats; supplementation with TUDCA improved relaxation. In the aortas of control and diabetic rats receiving TUDCA, the relaxation was mediated via eNOS/PI3K/Akt, NAD(P)H, and the KATP channel. In diabetic rats, acetylcholine-mediated relaxation involved eNOS/PI3K/Akt and NAD(P)H, but not the KATP channel. The expression of ER stress markers was upregulated in the aorta of diabetic rats and reduced with TUDCA supplementation. The expression of eNOS and Akt were lower in diabetic rats but were upregulated after supplementation with TUDCA. The levels of MDA, IL-6, and SOD activity were higher in the aorta of the diabetic rats compared to control rats. This study demonstrated that endothelial function was impaired in diabetes, however, supplementation with TUDCA improved the function via eNOS/Akt/PI3K, NAD(P)H, and the KATP channel. The improvement of endothelial function was associated with increased expressions of eNOS and Akt. Thus, ER stress plays a crucial role in the impairment of endothelial-dependent relaxation. Mitigating ER stress could be a potential strategy for improving endothelial dysfunction in type-2 diabetes.
Collapse
|
25
|
Cao Q, Tartaglia G, Alexander M, Park PH, Poojan S, Farshchian M, Fuentes I, Chen M, McGrath JA, Palisson F, Salas-Alanis J, South AP. A role for Collagen VII in matrix protein secretion. Matrix Biol 2022; 111:226-244. [PMID: 35779741 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lack of type VII collagen (C7) disrupts cellular proteostasis yet the mechanism remains undescribed. By studying the relationship between C7 and the extracellular matrix (ECM)-associated proteins thrombospondin-1 (TSP1), type XII collagen (C12) and tissue transglutaminase (TGM2) in primary human dermal fibroblasts from multiple donors with or without the genetic disease recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) (n=31), we demonstrate that secretion of each of these proteins is increased in the presence of C7. In dermal fibroblasts isolated from patients with RDEB, where C7 is absent or defective, association with the COPII outer coat protein SEC31 and ultimately secretion of each of these ECM-associated proteins is reduced and intracellular levels are increased. In RDEB fibroblasts, overall collagen secretion (as determined by the levels of hydroxyproline in the media) is unchanged while traffic from the ER to Golgi of TSP1, C12 and TGM2 occurs in a type I collagen (C1) dependent manner. In normal fibroblasts association of TSP1, C12 and TGM2 with the ER exit site transmembrane protein Transport ANd Golgi Organization-1 (TANGO1) as determined by proximity ligation assays, requires C7. In the absence of wild-type C7, or when ECM-associated proteins are overexpressed, C1 proximity and intracellular levels increase resulting in elevated cellular stress responses and elevated TGFβ signaling. Collectively, these data demonstrate a role for C7 in loading COPII vesicle cargo and provides a mechanism for disrupted proteostasis, elevated cellular stress and increased TGFβ signaling in patients with RDEB. Furthermore, our data point to a threshold of cargo loading that can be exceeded with increased protein levels leading to pathological outcomes in otherwise normal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Cao
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Grace Tartaglia
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Michael Alexander
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Pyung Hung Park
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Shiv Poojan
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Mehdi Farshchian
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ignacia Fuentes
- DEBRA Chile, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad de Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mei Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - John A McGrath
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), UK
| | - Francis Palisson
- DEBRA Chile, Santiago, Chile; Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad de Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Andrew P South
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; The Joan and Joel Rosenbloom Research Center for Fibrotic Diseases, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pasha M, Kirschenman R, Wooldridge A, Spaans F, Cooke CLM, Davidge ST. The Effect of Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid (TUDCA) Treatment on Pregnancy Outcomes and Vascular Function in a Rat Model of Advanced Maternal Age. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071275. [PMID: 35883766 PMCID: PMC9312116 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced maternal age (≥35 years) increases the risk of vascular complications in pregnancy that can result in fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes in these complicated pregnancies. However, the role of ER stress in advanced maternal age is not known. We hypothesize that increased ER stress contributes to altered vascular function and poor pregnancy outcomes, and that treatment with the ER-stress inhibitor TUDCA will improve pregnancy outcomes. First, young and aged non-pregnant/pregnant rats were used to assess ER stress markers in mesenteric arteries; mesenteric artery phospho-eIF2α and CHOP expression were increased in aged dams compared to young dams. In a second study, young and aged control and TUDCA-treated dams were studied on gestational day (GD) 20 (term = 22 days). TUDCA treatment was provided via the drinking water throughout pregnancy (GD0-GD20; calculated dose of 150 mg/kg/day TUDCA). ER stress markers were quantified in mesenteric arteries, blood pressure was measured, pregnancy outcomes were recorded, mesenteric and main uterine arteries were isolated and vascular function was assessed by wire myography. Aged dams had increased phospho-eIF2α and CHOP expression, reduced fetal weight, reduced litter size, and impaired uterine artery relaxation. In the aged dams, TUDCA treatment reduced phospho-eIF2α and CHOP expression, reduced blood pressure, improved fetal body weight, and tended to improve uterine artery function compared to control-treated aged dams. In conclusion, our data illustrate the role of ER stress, as well as TUDCA as a potential therapeutic that may benefit pregnancy outcomes in advanced maternal age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mazhar Pasha
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada; (R.K.); (A.W.); (F.S.); (C.-L.M.C.)
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Raven Kirschenman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada; (R.K.); (A.W.); (F.S.); (C.-L.M.C.)
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Amy Wooldridge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada; (R.K.); (A.W.); (F.S.); (C.-L.M.C.)
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Floor Spaans
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada; (R.K.); (A.W.); (F.S.); (C.-L.M.C.)
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Christy-Lynn M. Cooke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada; (R.K.); (A.W.); (F.S.); (C.-L.M.C.)
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Sandra T. Davidge
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada; (R.K.); (A.W.); (F.S.); (C.-L.M.C.)
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-780-492-1864; Fax: +1-780-492-1308
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Li L, Guo ZY, Wang J, Fei PP, Ji YF, Xu CG. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid inhibits TGF‑β1‑induced renal fibrosis markers in cultured renal mesangial cells by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:432. [PMID: 35607370 PMCID: PMC9121212 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a worldwide prevalence of higher than 10% with an increasing mortality rate. As it involves the deterioration of renal function, it represents a serious risk to human health and, if left untreated, significantly lowers the quality of the patient's life. CKD is characterized by renal fibrosis. Studies have shown that transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), a key driving factor of renal fibrosis, is closely related to the activation of renal fibrosis pathways such as endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an endogenous bile acid derivative, can effectively inhibit endogenous ERS. Here, we explored the effects and actions of TUDCA on renal fibrosis by establishing a renal mesangial cell (RMC) model. The RMC was stimulated with TGF-β1, and PCR and western blotting were used to detect the expression of ERS-related chaperone proteins and fibrotic indicators. The expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) was silenced in RMC cells to investigate the role of GRP78 in renal fibrosis. Finally, PCR and western blotting were used to detect the effects of TUDCA on the expression of GRP78, C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and fibronectin (FN) in the TGF-β1-stimulated RMCs. The results showed that TUDCA significantly downregulated TGF-β1-induced levels of GRP78, CHOP, α-SMA and FN in RMCs. In addition, downregulation of GRP78 inhibited the expression of FN and α-SMA in the RMCs. In conclusion, downregulation of GRP78 and CHOP expression is one of the mechanisms by which TUDCA inhibits TGF-β1-induced renal mesangial cell fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Nephrology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Yun Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Pei Fei
- Department of Nephrology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Fei Ji
- Department of Nephrology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Gang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Liu M, Kang GJ, Dudley SC. Preventing unfolded protein response-induced ion channel dysregulation to treat arrhythmias. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:443-451. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
29
|
Li D, Qiao H, Yang X, Li J, Dai W, Chen X, Shen J, Zhao X. Co-existing Hypertension and Hyperhomocysteinemia Increases the Risk of Carotid Vulnerable Plaque and Subsequent Vascular Event: An MR Vessel Wall Imaging Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:858066. [PMID: 35433864 PMCID: PMC9005821 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.858066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study sought to determine the associations of co-existing hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia (H-Hcy) with carotid vulnerable plaque features and subsequent vascular events. Methods Symptomatic patients with carotid atherosclerosis were enrolled and underwent carotid magnetic resonance (MR) vessel wall imaging. The patients were divided into the following groups: co-existing hypertension and H-Hcy group; isolated hypertension group; isolated H-Hcy group; and control group. The morphological and compositional characteristics of carotid plaques were assessed on MR images and compared among different groups. Univariate and multivariate cox regressions were used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) of co-existing hypertension and H-Hcy in predicting subsequent vascular events after at least 1-year followed-up. Results In total, 217 patients (mean age, 59.4 ± 11.9 years; 154 males) were recruited. Patients in co-existing hypertension and H-Hcy group had a significantly higher prevalence of carotid lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC) than isolated H-Hcy and control group (73.2 vs. 43.3 vs. 50%, p = 0.015). During the median follow-up time of 12.2 ± 4.3 months, 61 (39.8%) patients experienced vascular events. After adjusting for baseline confounding factors, co-existing hypertension and H-Hcy (HR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.01–3.27; p = 0.044), presence of carotid LRNC (HR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.09–4.65; p = 0.029), and combination of co-existing hypertension and H-Hcy and carotid LRNC (HR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.26–4.43; p = 0.007) were significantly associated with subsequent vascular events. Conclusions Co-existing hypertension and H-Hcy are associated with carotid vulnerable plaque features, such as LRNC. Combining co-existing hypertension and H-Hcy with carotid vulnerable plaque features has a stronger predictive value for subsequent vascular events than each measurement alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongye Li
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiyu Qiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xieqing Yang
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Neurology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Shen
| | - Xihai Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
- Xihai Zhao
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang C, Du Z, Ye N, Shi C, Liu S, Geng D, Sun Y. Hyperlipidemia and hypertension have synergistic interaction on ischemic stroke: insights from a general population survey in China. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:47. [PMID: 35152896 PMCID: PMC8842864 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02491-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperlipidemia (HLP) and hypertension (HTN) are both independent risk factors for ischemic stroke. This study aimed to assess whether HTN and HLP have a synergistic effect on the risk of ischemic stroke. Methods Between January and August 2013, 11,695 subjects in rural areas of northeastern China were enrolled. The additive and multiplicative scales were used to evaluate the interaction. Results The prevalence of ischemic stroke was 5.7%. Using the healthy group (without HTN or HLP) as the reference group, subjects with both HTN and HLP had a higher risk of ischemic stroke (odds ratio [OR]: 3.369, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.579–4.402), and this OR was greater than that of subjects with only HTN (OR: 1.995, 95% CI 1.526–2.610) or HLP (OR: 1.321, 95% CI 0.937–1.862) (adjusting for age, sex, race, education level, family income, current smoking and drinking status, physical activity, body mass index, diabetes, family history of stroke, and atrial fibrillation). Regarding the additive scale, the relative excess risk due to interaction (OR: 1.053, 95% CI 0.458–1.648) was positive after adjusting for confounders. Moreover, the attributable proportion was 31.3%, which means that 31.3% of the total risk of ischemic stroke was due to the synergistic interaction between HTN and HLP. Furthermore, the synergistic index (S) of ischemic stroke was 1.8 (95% CI 1.157–2.801), which also indicates a synergistic interaction between HTN and HLP. Regarding the multiplicative scale, the interaction effect was also significant after adjusting for confounders (OR: 2.163, 95% CI 1.817–2.575). Conclusion The results suggest that the synergistic effect of HTN and HLP on ischemic stroke is significantly higher than the sum of their independent effects. The quantification of the combined effect should help to promote healthy blood pressure and blood lipid levels among the general population.
Collapse
|
31
|
Radwan E, Belmadani S, Matrougui K. Disrupting Interleukin 12 Improves Microvascular Endothelial Function in Type 2 Diabetes Through ER Stress CHOP and Oxidative Stress Mechanisms. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:2633-2642. [PMID: 36065460 PMCID: PMC9440700 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s369488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Vascular endothelial dysfunction is well established in type 2 diabetes. Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are up-regulated in type 2 diabetic patients and animal models of type 2 diabetes. However, the role and underlying mechanisms of IL-12 and the ER stress CHOP in endothelial dysfunction are not fully understood. METHODS We generated double knockout mice between db-/db- and p40IL-12-/- mice (db-/db-p40-IL-12-/-) and endoplasmic (ER) stress-CHOP-/- mice (db-/db-CHOP-/-). We performed a glucose tolerance test (GTT) to determine the effect of IL-12 and ER stress CHOP on glucose metabolism. We assessed the endothelial function and determined the phosphorylation level of eNOS, Akt, AMPK, and the expression of ER stress (CHOP, BIP), and oxidative stress (Nox2 and Nox4 and NADPH oxidase activity). RESULTS The results showed that GTT was improved in db-/db-p40-IL-12-/- and db-/db-CHOP-/- suggesting IL-12 and CHOP as parts of a mechanism involved in the development of type 2 diabetes. The microvascular endothelial dysfunction in db-/db- mouse is associated with decreased phosphorylated eNOS, Akt, AMPK, and increased CHOP, BIP, Nox2, and Nox4 expressions. Interestingly, disrupting IL-12 and ER stress CHOP in db-/db- mice significantly improved endothelial function, increased survival markers expression and decreased ER and oxidative stress. CONCLUSION Using a genetic approach, these findings provide evidence that IL-12 and ER stress CHOP play a significant role in microvascular endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eman Radwan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, EVMS, Norfolk, VA, 23501, USA
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Asyut, Egypt
| | - Souad Belmadani
- Department of Physiological Sciences, EVMS, Norfolk, VA, 23501, USA
| | - Khalid Matrougui
- Department of Physiological Sciences, EVMS, Norfolk, VA, 23501, USA
- Correspondence: Khalid Matrougui, Department of Physiological Sciences, EVMS, Norfolk, VA, 23501, USA, Tel +1 757-446-5278, Email
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sepúlveda-Fragoso V, Alexandre-Santos B, Salles ACP, Proença AB, de Paula Alves AP, Vázquez-Carrera M, Nóbrega ACL, Frantz EDC, Magliano DC. Crosstalk between the renin-angiotensin system and the endoplasmic reticulum stress in the cardiovascular system: Lessons learned so far. Life Sci 2021; 284:119919. [PMID: 34480931 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin (Ang) system (RAS) is a complex hormonal system present locally in several tissues such as cardiovascular organs. RAS deregulation through overactivation of the classical arm [Ang-converting enzyme (ACE)/Ang-II/Ang type 1 receptor (AT1R)] has been linked to the development of cardiovascular diseases and activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways. The ER stress is a condition that, if unresolved, might lead to heart failure, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and endothelial dysfunction. Accumulated evidence has shown that the RAS modulates the UPR activation. Several studies reported increased ER stress markers in response to Ang-II treatment, in both in vivo and in vitro models. Evidence has also pointed that targeting the RAS classical arm through RAS blockers, gene silencing or genetic models leads to lower levels of ER stress markers. Few studies demonstrated protective effects of the counter-regulatory arm (ACE-2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas receptor) over ER stress. However, the crosstalk mechanisms between the arms of the RAS and ER stress remain unclear. In this review, we sought to explore the classical arm of the RAS as a key mechanism in UPR activation and to suggest a possible protective role of the counter-regulatory arm in mitigating ER stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Sepúlveda-Fragoso
- Research Center on Morphology and Metabolism, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil; Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Alexandre-Santos
- Research Center on Morphology and Metabolism, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil; Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Amanda Conceição Pimenta Salles
- Research Center on Morphology and Metabolism, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil; Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Proença
- Research Center on Morphology and Metabolism, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil; Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de Paula Alves
- Research Center on Morphology and Metabolism, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Manuel Vázquez-Carrera
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Antonio Claudio Lucas Nóbrega
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil; National Institute for Science & Technology - INCT (In)activity & Exercise, CNPq, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eliete Dalla Corte Frantz
- Research Center on Morphology and Metabolism, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil; Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil; National Institute for Science & Technology - INCT (In)activity & Exercise, CNPq, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - D'Angelo Carlo Magliano
- Research Center on Morphology and Metabolism, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kim S, Lee SE, Yi S, Jun S, Yi YS, Nagar H, Kim CS, Shin C, Yeo MK, Kang YE, Oh SH. Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Decreases Keloid Formation by Reducing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress as Implicated in the Pathogenesis of Keloid. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910765. [PMID: 34639105 PMCID: PMC8509846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Keloids are a common form of pathologic wound healing and are characterized by an excessive production of extracellular matrix. This study examined the major contributing mechanism of human keloid pathogenesis using transcriptomic analysis. We identified the upregulation of mitochondrial oxidative stress response, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, and TGF-β signaling in human keloid tissue samples compared to controls, based on ingenuity pathway and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. Electron microscopic examinations revealed an increased number of dysmorphic mitochondria and expanded endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in human keloid tissue samples than that in controls. Western blot analysis performed using human tissues suggested noticeably higher ER stress signaling in keloids than in normal tissues. Treatment with tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an ER stress inhibitor, significantly decreased scar formation in rabbit models, compared to normal saline and steroid injections. In summary, our findings demonstrate the contributions of mitochondrial dysfunction and dysregulated ER stress signaling in human keloid formation and the potential of TUDCA in the treatment of keloids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunje Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.K.); (C.S.)
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Research Institute for Medicinal Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.E.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Shinae Yi
- Research Institute for Medicinal Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.E.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Sangmi Jun
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea; (S.J.); (Y.-S.Y.)
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Korea
| | - Yoon-Sun Yi
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea; (S.J.); (Y.-S.Y.)
| | - Harsha Nagar
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.N.); (C.-S.K.)
| | - Cuk-Seong Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (H.N.); (C.-S.K.)
| | - Chungmin Shin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.K.); (C.S.)
| | - Min-Kyung Yeo
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Research Institute for Medicinal Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.E.L.); (S.Y.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.E.K.); (S.-H.O.); Tel.: +82-42-280-7148 (Y.E.K.); +82-42-280-7387 (S.-H.O.); Fax: +82-42-280-7168 (Y.E.K.); +82-42-280-7384 (S.-H.O.)
| | - Sang-Ha Oh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.K.); (C.S.)
- Brain Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.E.K.); (S.-H.O.); Tel.: +82-42-280-7148 (Y.E.K.); +82-42-280-7387 (S.-H.O.); Fax: +82-42-280-7168 (Y.E.K.); +82-42-280-7384 (S.-H.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Fatima MT, Hasan M, Abdelsalam SS, Sivaraman SK, El-Gamal H, Zahid MA, Elrayess MA, Korashy HM, Zeidan A, Parray AS, Agouni A. Sestrin2 suppression aggravates oxidative stress and apoptosis in endothelial cells subjected to pharmacologically induced endoplasmic reticulum stress. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 907:174247. [PMID: 34116045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is an inflammatory response that contributes to endothelial cell dysfunction, a hallmark of cardiovascular diseases, in close interplay with oxidative stress. Recently, Sestrin2 (SESN2) emerged as a novel stress-inducible protein protecting cells from oxidative stress. We investigated here, for the first time, the impact of SESN2 suppression on oxidative stress and cell survival in human endothelial cells subjected to pharmacologically (thapsigargin)-induced ER stress and studied the underlying cellular pathways. We found that SESN2 silencing, though did not specifically induce ER stress, it aggravated the effects of thapsigargin-induced ER stress on oxidative stress and cell survival. This was associated with a dysregulation of Nrf-2, AMPK and mTORC1 signaling pathways. Furthermore, SESN2 silencing aggravated, in an additive manner, apoptosis caused by thapsigargin. Importantly, SESN2 silencing, unlike thapsigargin, caused a dramatic decrease in protein expression and phosphorylation of Akt, a critical pro-survival hub and component of the AMPK/Akt/mTORC1 axis. Our findings suggest that patients with conditions characterized by ER stress activation, such as diabetes, may be at higher risk for cardiovascular complications if their endogenous ability to stimulate and/or maintain expression levels of SESN2 is disturbed or impaired. Therefore, identifying novel or repurposing existing pharmacotherapies to enhance and/or maintain SESN2 expression levels would be beneficial in these conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Munazza T Fatima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit (BPRU), QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maram Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit (BPRU), QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahenda S Abdelsalam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit (BPRU), QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Siveen K Sivaraman
- Interim Translational Research Insititute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Heba El-Gamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit (BPRU), QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muhammad A Zahid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit (BPRU), QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed A Elrayess
- Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hesham M Korashy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit (BPRU), QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asad Zeidan
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit (BPRU), QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aijaz S Parray
- The Neuroscience Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdelali Agouni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit (BPRU), QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Office of Vice President for Research and Graduate Studies, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chen JH, Wu CH, Chiang CK. Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Proteostasis in Kidney Disease and Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168674. [PMID: 34445377 PMCID: PMC8395452 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological insults usually disturb the folding capacity of cellular proteins and lead to the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which leads to so-called “ER stress”. Increasing evidence indicates that ER stress acts as a trigger factor for the development and progression of many kidney diseases. The unfolded protein responses (UPRs), a set of molecular signals that resume proteostasis under ER stress, are thought to restore the adaptive process in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and renal fibrosis. Furthermore, the idea of targeting UPRs for CKD treatment has been well discussed in the past decade. This review summarizes the up-to-date literature regarding studies on the relationship between the UPRs, systemic fibrosis, and renal diseases. We also address the potential therapeutic possibilities of renal diseases based on the modulation of UPRs and ER proteostasis. Finally, we list some of the current UPR modulators and their therapeutic potentials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Huang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan; (J.-H.C.); (C.-H.W.)
| | - Chia-Hsien Wu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan; (J.-H.C.); (C.-H.W.)
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Chih-Kang Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan; (J.-H.C.); (C.-H.W.)
- Department of Integrated Diagnostics & Therapeutics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10672, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2312-3456 (ext. 88347)
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Souza-Neto FV, Jiménez-González S, Delgado-Valero B, Jurado-López R, Genty M, Romero-Miranda A, Rodríguez C, Nieto ML, Martínez-Martínez E, Cachofeiro V. The Interplay of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Cardiovascular Fibrosis in Obese Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081274. [PMID: 34439522 PMCID: PMC8389298 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We have evaluated the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress and its association with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activation in the progression of obesity-related cardiovascular fibrosis. MitoQ (200 µM) was orally administered for 7 weeks to male Wistar rats that were fed a high-fat diet (HFD, 35% fat) or a control diet (CT, 3.5% fat). Obese animals presented cardiovascular fibrosis accompanied by increased levels of extracellular matrix proteins and profibrotic mediators. These alterations were associated with ER stress activation characterized by enhanced levels (in heart and aorta vs. CT group, respectively) of immunoglobulin binding protein (BiP; 2.1-and 2.6-fold, respectively), protein disulfide-isomerase A6 (PDIA6; 1.9-fold) and CCAAT-enhancer-binding homologous protein (CHOP; 1.5- and 1.8-fold, respectively). MitoQ treatment was able to prevent (p < 0.05) these modifications at cardiac and aortic levels. MitoQ (5 nM) and the ER stress inhibitor, 4-phenyl butyric acid (4 µM), were able to block the prooxidant and profibrotic effects of angiotensin II (Ang II, 10−6 M) in cardiac and vascular cells. Therefore, the data show a crosstalk between mitochondrial oxidative stress and ER stress activation, which mediates the development of cardiovascular fibrosis in the context of obesity and in which Ang II can play a relevant role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco V. Souza-Neto
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.V.S.-N.); (S.J.-G.); (B.D.-V.); (R.J.-L.); (M.G.); (A.R.-M.)
| | - Sara Jiménez-González
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.V.S.-N.); (S.J.-G.); (B.D.-V.); (R.J.-L.); (M.G.); (A.R.-M.)
| | - Beatriz Delgado-Valero
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.V.S.-N.); (S.J.-G.); (B.D.-V.); (R.J.-L.); (M.G.); (A.R.-M.)
| | - Raquel Jurado-López
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.V.S.-N.); (S.J.-G.); (B.D.-V.); (R.J.-L.); (M.G.); (A.R.-M.)
| | - Marie Genty
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.V.S.-N.); (S.J.-G.); (B.D.-V.); (R.J.-L.); (M.G.); (A.R.-M.)
| | - Ana Romero-Miranda
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.V.S.-N.); (S.J.-G.); (B.D.-V.); (R.J.-L.); (M.G.); (A.R.-M.)
| | - Cristina Rodríguez
- Institut de Recerca del Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau (IB Sant Pau), 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda, Spain;
| | - María Luisa Nieto
- Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda, Spain;
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, 47002 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ernesto Martínez-Martínez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.V.S.-N.); (S.J.-G.); (B.D.-V.); (R.J.-L.); (M.G.); (A.R.-M.)
- Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda, Spain;
- Correspondence: (E.M.-M.); (V.C.); Tel.: +34-913941483 (E.M.-M.); +34-913941489 (V.C.)
| | - Victoria Cachofeiro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.V.S.-N.); (S.J.-G.); (B.D.-V.); (R.J.-L.); (M.G.); (A.R.-M.)
- Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda, Spain;
- Correspondence: (E.M.-M.); (V.C.); Tel.: +34-913941483 (E.M.-M.); +34-913941489 (V.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Hong J, Park E, Lee J, Lee Y, Rooney BV, Park Y. Exercise training mitigates ER stress and UCP2 deficiency-associated coronary vascular dysfunction in atherosclerosis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15449. [PMID: 34326395 PMCID: PMC8322067 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94944-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) activation are opposing modulators of endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis. Exercise reduces atherosclerosis plaques and enhances endothelial function. Our aim was to understand how exercise affects ER stress and UCP2 activation, and how that relates to endothelial dysfunction in an atherosclerotic murine model. Wild type (C57BL/6, WT) and apolipoprotein-E-knockout (ApoEtm1Unc, ApoE KO) mice underwent treadmill exercise training (EX) or remained sedentary for 12 weeks. Acetylcholine (ACh)-induced endothelium-dependent vasodilation was determined in the presence of an eNOS inhibitor (L-NAME), UCP2 inhibitor (genipin), and ER stress inducer (tunicamycin). UCP2, ER stress markers and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling were quantified by western blotting. p67phox and superoxide were visualized using immunofluorescence and DHE staining. Nitric oxide (NO) was measured by nitrate/nitrite assay. ACh-induced vasodilation was attenuated in coronary arterioles of ApoE KO mice but improved in ApoE KO-EX mice. Treatment of coronary arterioles with L-NAME, tunicamycin, and genipin significantly attenuated ACh-induced vasodilation in all mice except for ApoE KO mice. Exercise reduced expression of ER stress proteins, TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling cascades, and Bax expression in the heart of ApoE KO-EX mice. Further, exercise diminished superoxide production and NADPH oxidase p67phox expression in coronary arterioles while simultaneously increasing UCP2 expression and nitric oxide (NO) production in the heart of ApoE KO-EX mice. Routine exercise alleviates endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerotic coronary arterioles in an eNOS, UCP2, and ER stress signaling specific manner, and resulting in reduced TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome activity and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junyoung Hong
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, University of Houston, 3875 Holman St, Houston, TX, 77204-6015, USA
| | - Eunkyung Park
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, University of Houston, 3875 Holman St, Houston, TX, 77204-6015, USA
| | - Jonghae Lee
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, University of Houston, 3875 Holman St, Houston, TX, 77204-6015, USA
| | - Yang Lee
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77807, USA
| | - Bridgette V Rooney
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, University of Houston, 3875 Holman St, Houston, TX, 77204-6015, USA.,Geocontrol Systems Inc, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, 77058, USA
| | - Yoonjung Park
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, University of Houston, 3875 Holman St, Houston, TX, 77204-6015, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abdelsalam SS, Pasha M, El-Gamal H, Hasan M, Elrayess MA, Zeidan A, Korashy HM, Agouni A. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibition improves endoplasmic reticulum stress‑impaired endothelial cell angiogenic response: A critical role for cell survival. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:665. [PMID: 34296297 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to endothelial dysfunction, which is the initial step in atherogenesis. Blockade of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP)1B, a negative regulator of insulin receptors that is critically located on the surface of ER membrane, has been found to improve endothelial dysfunction. However, the role of ER stress and its related apoptotic sub‑pathways in PTP1B‑mediated endothelial dysfunction, particularly its angiogenic capacity, have not yet been fully elucidated. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the impact of PTP1B suppression on ER stress‑mediated impaired angiogenesis and examined the contribution of apoptotic signals in this process. Endothelial cells were exposed to pharmacological ER stressors, including thapsigargin (TG) or 1,4‑dithiothreitol (DTT), in the presence or absence of a PTP1B inhibitor or small interfering (si)RNA duplexes. Then, ER stress, angiogenic capacity, cell cycle, apoptosis and the activation of key apoptotic signals were assessed. It was identified that the inhibition of PTP1B prevented ER stress caused by DTT and TG. Moreover, ER stress induction impaired the activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and the angiogenic capacity of endothelial cells, while PTP1B inhibition exerted a protective effect. The results demonstrated that blockade or knockdown of PTP1B prevented ER stress‑induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. This effect was associated with reduced expression levels of caspase‑12 and poly (ADP‑Ribose) polymerase 1. PTP1B blockade also suppressed autophagy activated by TG. The current data support the critical role of PTP1B in ER stress‑mediated endothelial dysfunction, characterized by reduced angiogenic capacity, with an underlying mechanism involving reduced eNOS activation and cell survival. These findings provide evidence of the therapeutic potential of targeting PTP1B in cardiovascular ischemic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahenda S Abdelsalam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Mazhar Pasha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Heba El-Gamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Maram Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Asad Zeidan
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Hesham M Korashy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdelali Agouni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713 Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhou Y, Murugan DD, Khan H, Huang Y, Cheang WS. Roles and Therapeutic Implications of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081167. [PMID: 34439415 PMCID: PMC8388996 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In different pathological states that cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium depletion, altered glycosylation, nutrient deprivation, oxidative stress, DNA damage or energy perturbation/fluctuations, the protein folding process is disrupted and the ER becomes stressed. Studies in the past decade have demonstrated that ER stress is closely associated with pathogenesis of obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Excess nutrients and inflammatory cytokines associated with metabolic diseases can trigger or worsen ER stress. ER stress plays a critical role in the induction of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Signaling pathways including AMP-activated protein kinase and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor have been identified to regulate ER stress, whilst ER stress contributes to the imbalanced production between nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing oxidative stress. Several drugs or herbs have been proved to protect against cardiovascular diseases (CVD) through inhibition of ER stress and oxidative stress. The present article reviews the involvement of ER stress and oxidative stress in cardiovascular dysfunction and the potential therapeutic implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China;
| | - Dharmani Devi Murugan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan;
| | - Yu Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Wai San Cheang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +853-8822-4914
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chatterjee N, Fraile-Bethencourt E, Baris A, Espinosa-Diez C, Anand S. MicroRNA-494 Regulates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Endothelial Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:671461. [PMID: 34322482 PMCID: PMC8311360 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.671461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in stress responses are important contributors in many chronic conditions including cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity-driven pathologies like non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Specifically, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is linked with these pathologies and control of ER stress can ameliorate tissue damage. MicroRNAs have a critical role in regulating diverse stress responses including ER stress. Here, we show that miR-494 plays a functional role during ER stress. Pharmacological ER stress inducers (tunicamycin (TCN) and thapsigargin) and hyperglycemia robustly increase the expression of miR-494 in vitro. ATF6 impacts the primary miR-494 levels whereas all three ER stress pathways are necessary for the increase in mature miR-494. Surprisingly, miR-494 pretreatment dampens the induction and magnitude of ER stress in response to TCN in endothelial cells and increases cell viability. Conversely, inhibition of miR-494 increases ER stress de novo and amplifies the effects of ER stress inducers. Using Mass Spectrometry (TMT-MS) we identified 23 proteins that are downregulated by both TCN and miR-494 in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Among these, we found 6 transcripts which harbor a putative miR-494 binding site. We validated the anti-apoptotic gene BIRC5 (survivin) and GINS4 as targets of miR-494 during ER stress. In summary, our data indicates that ER stress driven miR-494 may act in a feedback inhibitory loop to dampen downstream ER stress signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Namita Chatterjee
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Eugenia Fraile-Bethencourt
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Adrian Baris
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Cristina Espinosa-Diez
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Sudarshan Anand
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yang M, Li C, Sun L. Mitochondria-Associated Membranes (MAMs): A Novel Therapeutic Target for Treating Metabolic Syndrome. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1347-1362. [PMID: 32048952 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200212100644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria-associated Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Membranes (MAMs) are the cellular structures that connect the ER and mitochondria and mediate communication between these two organelles. MAMs have been demonstrated to be involved in calcium signaling, lipid transfer, mitochondrial dynamic change, mitophagy, and the ER stress response. In addition, MAMs are critical for metabolic regulation, and their dysfunction has been reported to be associated with metabolic syndrome, including the downregulation of insulin signaling and the accelerated progression of hyperlipidemia, obesity, and hypertension. This review covers the roles of MAMs in regulating insulin sensitivity and the molecular mechanism underlying MAM-regulated cellular metabolism and reveals the potential of MAMs as a therapeutic target in treating metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Chenrui Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Long F, Yang D, Wang J, Wang Q, Ni T, Wei G, Zhu Y, Liu X. SMYD3-PARP16 axis accelerates unfolded protein response and mediates neointima formation. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:1261-1273. [PMID: 34094832 PMCID: PMC8148056 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neointimal hyperplasia after vascular injury is a representative complication of restenosis. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced unfolded protein response (UPR) is involved in the pathogenesis of vascular intimal hyperplasia. PARP16, a member of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases family, is correlated with the nuclear envelope and the ER. Here, we found that PERK and IRE1α are ADP-ribosylated by PARP16, and this might promote proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) during the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB stimulating. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with deep sequencing (ChIP-seq) analysis, PARP16 was identified as a novel target gene for histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methyltransferase SMYD3, and SMYD3 could bind to the promoter of Parp16 and increased H3K4me3 level to activate its host gene's transcription, which causes UPR activation and SMC proliferation. Moreover, knockdown either of PARP16 or SMYD3 impeded the ER stress and SMC proliferation. On the contrary, overexpression of PARP16 induced ER stress and SMC proliferation and migration. In vivo depletion of PARP16 attenuated injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia by mediating UPR activation and neointimal SMC proliferation. This study identified SMYD3-PARP16 is a novel signal axis in regulating UPR and neointimal hyperplasia, and targeting this axis has implications in preventing neointimal hyperplasia related diseases.
Collapse
Key Words
- ATF6, activating transcription factor 6
- BIP, immunoglobulin heavy-chain binding protein
- ChIP-seq, chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with deep sequencing
- DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EGCG, epigallocatechin-3-gallate
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- H3K4, histone H3 lysine 4
- IACUC, Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee
- IRE1, inositol-requiring enzyme 1
- MMP, matrix metal proteinase
- Neointimal hyperplasia
- PARP, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases
- PARP16
- PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen
- PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor
- PERK, protein kinase R (PKR)-like ER kinase
- SMCs, smooth muscle cells
- SMYD3
- SMYD3, SET and MYND domain containing 3
- UPR, unfolded protein response
- VCAM-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1
- VSMCs, vascular smooth muscle cells
- Vascular smooth muscle cell
- XBP-1, X-box binding protein-1
- p-PERK, phosphate-PKR-like ER kinase
- p-eIF2α, phosphate-eukaryotic initiation factor 2α
- siRNA, small interfering RNA
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
A link between oxidative stress and hypertension has been firmly established in multiple animal models of hypertension but remains elusive in humans. While initial studies focused on inactivation of nitric oxide by superoxide, our understanding of relevant reactive oxygen species (superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and peroxynitrite) and how they modify complex signaling pathways to promote hypertension has expanded significantly. In this review, we summarize recent advances in delineating the primary and secondary sources of reactive oxygen species (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases, uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria), the posttranslational oxidative modifications they induce on protein targets important for redox signaling, their interplay with endogenous antioxidant systems, and the role of inflammasome activation and endoplasmic reticular stress in the development of hypertension. We highlight how oxidative stress in different organ systems contributes to hypertension, describe new animal models that have clarified the importance of specific proteins, and discuss clinical studies that shed light on how these processes and pathways are altered in human hypertension. Finally, we focus on the promise of redox proteomics and systems biology to help us fully understand the relationship between ROS and hypertension and their potential for designing and evaluating novel antihypertensive therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathy K Griendling
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Livia L Camargo
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow
| | - Francisco Rios
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow
| | - Rhéure Alves-Lopes
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow
| | - Augusto C Montezano
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
Cells respond to stress by activating a variety of defense signaling pathways, including cell survival and cell death pathways. Although cell survival signaling helps the cell to recover from acute insults, cell death or senescence pathways induced by chronic insults can lead to unresolved pathologies. Arterial hypertension results from chronic physiological maladaptation against various stressors represented by abnormal circulating or local neurohormonal factors, mechanical stress, intracellular accumulation of toxic molecules, and dysfunctional organelles. Hypertension and aging share common mechanisms that mediate or prolong chronic cell stress, such as endoplasmic reticulum stress and accumulation of protein aggregates, oxidative stress, metabolic mitochondrial stress, DNA damage, stress-induced senescence, and proinflammatory processes. This review discusses common adaptive signaling mechanisms against these stresses including unfolded protein responses, antioxidant response element signaling, autophagy, mitophagy, and mitochondrial fission/fusion, STING (signaling effector stimulator of interferon genes)-mediated responses, and activation of pattern recognition receptors. The main molecular mechanisms by which the vasculature copes with hypertensive and aging stressors are presented and recent advancements in stress-adaptive signaling mechanisms as well as potential therapeutic targets are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Cicalese
- These authors contributed equally and are considered co-first authors
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Josiane Fernandes da Silva
- These authors contributed equally and are considered co-first authors
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Priviero
- These authors contributed equally and are considered co-first authors
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center and Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - R. Clinton Webb
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center and Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rita C. Tostes
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ji C, Yi H, Huang J, Zhang W, Zheng M. Propofol alleviates inflammation and apoptosis in HCY‑induced HUVECs by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:333. [PMID: 33760174 PMCID: PMC7974316 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic vascular inflammatory disease, and is associated with oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. Homocysteine (HCY) can cause damage to endothelial cells via the enhancement of the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathway. Propofol has a protective effect on endothelial injury and can suppress inflammation and oxidation. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of propofol on HCY-induced inflammation and apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). HCY was used to establish the endothelial injury model. Cell Counting Kit-8 assays and flow cytometry were used to detect cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. Then, ELISA was performed to examine the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, and the expression levels of proteins related to inflammation, apoptosis and ERS were determined via western blotting. Results showed that propofol increased cell viability, suppressed NF-κB signaling pathway activation and decreased the expression levels of inflammatory factors in HUVECs induced by HCY. Moreover, propofol could inhibit the expression of proteins involved in ERS, including ER chaperone BiP (Bip), C/EBP-homologous protein, protein kinase R-like ER kinase and inositol-requiring 1α, and reduce cell apoptosis of HCY-induced HUVECs. However, the overexpression of Bip could reactivate ERS and the NF-κB signaling pathway, as well as promote inflammation and cell apoptosis, when compared with HCY-treated groups. In conclusion, propofol can ameliorate inflammation and cell apoptosis of HUVECs induced by HCY via inhibiting ERS, which may provide a novel insight into the treatment of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cunliang Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Hu Yi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine CSU, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine CSU, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412000, P.R. China
| | - Wenzhong Zhang
- School of Safety Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Langfang, Hebei 065201, P.R. China
| | - Mingzhi Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine CSU, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Oxidative Stress and Vascular Damage in the Context of Obesity: The Hidden Guest. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030406. [PMID: 33800427 PMCID: PMC7999611 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The vascular system plays a central role in the transport of cells, oxygen and nutrients between different regions of the body, depending on the needs, as well as of metabolic waste products for their elimination. While the structure of different components of the vascular system varies, these structures, especially those of main arteries and arterioles, can be affected by the presence of different cardiovascular risk factors, including obesity. This vascular remodeling is mainly characterized by a thickening of the media layer as a consequence of changes in smooth muscle cells or excessive fibrosis accumulation. These vascular changes associated with obesity can trigger functional alterations, with endothelial dysfunction and vascular stiffness being especially common features of obese vessels. These changes can also lead to impaired tissue perfusion that may affect multiple tissues and organs. In this review, we focus on the role played by perivascular adipose tissue, the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and endoplasmic reticulum stress in the vascular dysfunction associated with obesity. In addition, the participation of oxidative stress in this vascular damage, which can be produced in the perivascular adipose tissue as well as in other components of the vascular wall, is updated.
Collapse
|
47
|
Tan N, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Li L, Zong Y, Han W, Liu L. Berberine ameliorates vascular dysfunction by a global modulation of lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles in hypertensive mouse aortae. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247621. [PMID: 33621262 PMCID: PMC7901729 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The current study investigated the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of berberine in the vasculature in hypertension. Methods Angiotensin II (Ang II)-loaded osmotic pumps were implanted in C57BL/6J mice with or without berberine administration. Mouse aortae were suspended in myograph for force measurement. Microarray technology were performed to analyze expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the aortae. These dysregulated expressions were then validated by qRT-PCR. LncRNA-mRNA co-expression network was constructed to reveal the specific relationships. Results Ang Ⅱ resulted in a significant increase in the blood pressure of mice, which was suppressed by berberine. The impaired endothelium-dependent aortic relaxation was restored in hypertensive mice. Microarray data revealed that 578 lncRNAs and 554 mRNAs were up-regulated, while 320 lncRNAs and 377 mRNAs were down-regulated in the aortae by Ang Ⅱ; both were reversed by berberine treatment. qRT-PCR validation results of differentially expressed genes (14 lncRNAs and 6 mRNAs) were completely consistent with the microarray data. GO analysis showed that these verified differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in terms of “cellular process”, “biological regulation” and “regulation of biological process”, whilst KEGG analysis identified vascular function-related pathways including cAMP signaling pathway, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, and calcium signaling pathway etc. Importantly, we observed that lncRNA ENSMUST00000144849, ENSMUST00000155383, and AK041185 were majorly expressed in endothelial cells. Conclusion The present results suggest that the five lncRNAs ENSMUST00000144849, NR_028422, ENSMUST00000155383, AK041185, and uc.335+ might serve critical regulatory roles in hypertensive vasculature by targeting pivotal mRNAs and subsequently affecting vascular function-related pathways. Moreover, these lncRNAs were modulated by berberine, therefore providing the novel potential therapeutic targets of berberine in hypertension. Furthermore, lncRNA ENSMUST00000144849, ENSMUST00000155383, and AK041185 might be involved in the preservation of vascular endothelial cell function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Tan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenwen Han
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Limei Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response in cardiovascular diseases. Nat Rev Cardiol 2021; 18:499-521. [PMID: 33619348 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-021-00511-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 98.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as ischaemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, hypertension, stroke and heart failure, are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although specific CVDs and the associated cardiometabolic abnormalities have distinct pathophysiological and clinical manifestations, they often share common traits, including disruption of proteostasis resulting in accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). ER proteostasis is governed by the unfolded protein response (UPR), a signalling pathway that adjusts the protein-folding capacity of the cell to sustain the cell's secretory function. When the adaptive UPR fails to preserve ER homeostasis, a maladaptive or terminal UPR is engaged, leading to the disruption of ER integrity and to apoptosis. ER stress functions as a double-edged sword, with long-term ER stress resulting in cellular defects causing disturbed cardiovascular function. In this Review, we discuss the distinct roles of the UPR and ER stress response as both causes and consequences of CVD. We also summarize the latest advances in our understanding of the importance of the UPR and ER stress in the pathogenesis of CVD and discuss potential therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring ER proteostasis in CVDs.
Collapse
|
49
|
Wang W, Liu T, Liu Y, Yu L, Yan X, Weng W, Lu X, Zhang C. Astaxanthin attenuates alcoholic cardiomyopathy via inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated cardiac apoptosis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 412:115378. [PMID: 33352188 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic excessive ethanol consumption is associated with a high incidence of mortality due to ethanol-induced dilated cardiomyopathy, known as alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM). Mechanistic studies have demonstrated that apoptosis is key to the pathogenesis of ACM, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated apoptosis contributes to various ethanol-related diseases. Astaxanthin (AST) is a natural carotenoid that exerts an anti-ER stress effect. Importantly, strong evidence has shown that AST induces beneficial effects in various cardiovascular diseases. The present study aimed to investigate whether AST induces beneficial effects on ACM by suppressing cardiac apoptosis mediated by ER stress. We showed that after 2 months of chronic excessive ethanol consumption, mice displayed obvious cardiac dysfunction and morphological changes associated with increased fibrosis, oxidative stress, ER stress and apoptosis. However, cardiac damage above was attenuated in response to AST treatment. The cardioprotective effect of AST against ethanol toxicity was also confirmed in both H9c2 cells and primary cardiomyocytes, indicating that AST-induced protection directly targets cardiomyocytes. Both in vivo and in vitro studies showed that AST inhibited all three ER stress signaling pathways activated by ethanol. Furthermore, administration of the ER stress inhibitor sodium 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) strongly suppressed ethanol-induced cardiomyocyte damage. Interestingly, AST induced further anti-apoptotic effects once co-treated with 4-PBA, indicating that AST protects the heart from ACM partially by attenuating ER stress, but other mechanisms still exist. This study highlights that administration of AST ablated chronic excessive ethanol consumption-induced cardiomyopathy by suppressing cardiac ER stress and subsequent apoptosis.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/metabolism
- Cardiomyopathy, Alcoholic/etiology
- Cardiomyopathy, Alcoholic/metabolism
- Cardiomyopathy, Alcoholic/physiopathology
- Cardiomyopathy, Alcoholic/prevention & control
- Cell Line
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/drug effects
- Ethanol
- Fibrosis
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Rats
- Signal Transduction
- Ventricular Function, Left/drug effects
- Ventricular Remodeling/drug effects
- Xanthophylls/pharmacology
- Mice
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhan Wang
- Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tinghao Liu
- Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lechu Yu
- Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenya Weng
- Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuemian Lu
- Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Chi Zhang
- Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Delgado-Valero B, de la Fuente-Chávez L, Romero-Miranda A, Visitación Bartolomé M, Ramchandani B, Islas F, Luaces M, Cachofeiro V, Martínez-Martínez E. Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in renal damage after myocardial infarction. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:143-159. [PMID: 33355632 DOI: 10.1042/cs20201137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with renal alterations resulting in poor outcomes in patients with MI. Renal fibrosis is a potent predictor of progression in patients and is often accompanied by inflammation and oxidative stress; however, the mechanisms involved in these alterations are not well established. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a central role in protein processing and folding. An accumulation of unfolded proteins leads to ER dysfunction, termed ER stress. Since the kidney is the organ with highest protein synthesis fractional rate, we herein investigated the effects of MI on ER stress at renal level, as well as the possible role of ER stress on renal alterations after MI. Patients and MI male Wistar rats showed an increase in the kidney injury marker neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) at circulating level or renal level respectively. Four weeks post-MI rats presented renal fibrosis, oxidative stress and inflammation accompanied by ER stress activation characterized by enhanced immunoglobin binding protein (BiP), protein disulfide-isomerase A6 (PDIA6) and activating transcription factor 6-alpha (ATF6α) protein levels. In renal fibroblasts, palmitic acid (PA; 50-200 µM) and angiotensin II (Ang II; 10-8 to 10-6M) promoted extracellular matrix, superoxide anion production and inflammatory markers up-regulation. The presence of the ER stress inhibitor, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA; 4 µM), was able to prevent all of these modifications in renal cells. Therefore, the data show that ER stress mediates the deleterious effects of PA and Ang II in renal cells and support the potential role of ER stress on renal alterations associated with MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Delgado-Valero
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía de la Fuente-Chávez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Romero-Miranda
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Visitación Bartolomé
- Departmento de Inmunología, Oftalmología y Otorrinolaringología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense Madrid, Spain
- Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bunty Ramchandani
- Servicio de Cirugía Cardiaca Infantil, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fabián Islas
- Servicio de Cardiología, Instituto Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luaces
- Servicio de Cardiología, Instituto Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Cachofeiro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
- Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ernesto Martínez-Martínez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
- Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|