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Niedecker RW, Delaney JA, Doyle MF, Sparks AD, Sitlani CM, Buzkova P, Zeb I, Tracy RP, Psaty BM, Budoff MJ, Olson NC. Investigating peripheral blood monocyte and T-cell subsets as non-invasive biomarkers for asymptomatic hepatic steatosis: results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1243526. [PMID: 38596669 PMCID: PMC11002077 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1243526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Circulating immune cells have gained interest as biomarkers of hepatic steatosis. Data on the relationships between immune cell subsets and early-stage steatosis in population-based cohorts are limited. Methods This study included 1,944 asymptomatic participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) with immune cell phenotyping and computed tomography measures of liver fat. Participants with heavy alcohol use were excluded. A liver-to-spleen ratio Hounsfield units (HU) <1.0 and liver attenuation <40 HU were used to diagnose liver fat presence and >30% liver fat content, respectively. Logistic regression estimated cross-sectional associations of immune cell subsets with liver fat parameters adjusted for risk factors. We hypothesized that higher proportions of non-classical monocytes, Th1, Th17, and memory CD4+ T cells, and lower proportions of classical monocytes and naive CD4+ T cells, were associated with liver fat. Exploratory analyses evaluated additional immune cell phenotypes (n = 19). Results None of the hypothesized cells were associated with presence of liver fat. Higher memory CD4+ T cells were associated with >30% liver fat content, but this was not significant after correction for multiple hypothesis testing (odds ratio (OR): 1.31, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.66). In exploratory analyses unadjusted for multiple testing, higher proportions of CD8+CD57+ T cells were associated with liver fat presence (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.44) and >30% liver fat content (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.69). Conclusions Higher circulating memory CD4+ T cells may reflect liver fat severity. CD8+CD57+ cells were associated with liver fat presence and severity, but replication of findings is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhys W. Niedecker
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Joseph A. Delaney
- General Internal Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Margaret F. Doyle
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Andrew D. Sparks
- Department of Medical Biostatistics, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Colleen M. Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Petra Buzkova
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Irfan Zeb
- Department of Medicine, West Virginia University Heart and Vascular Institute, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Russell P. Tracy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Matthew J. Budoff
- Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States
| | - Nels C. Olson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
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2
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Gianopoulos I, Daskalopoulou SS. Macrophage profiling in atherosclerosis: understanding the unstable plaque. Basic Res Cardiol 2024; 119:35-56. [PMID: 38244055 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-01023-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The development and rupture of atherosclerotic plaques is a major contributor to myocardial infarctions and ischemic strokes. The dynamic evolution of the plaque is largely attributed to monocyte/macrophage functions, which respond to various stimuli in the plaque microenvironment. To this end, macrophages play a central role in atherosclerotic lesions through the uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein that gets trapped in the artery wall, and the induction of an inflammatory response that can differentially affect the stability of the plaque in men and women. In this environment, macrophages can polarize towards pro-inflammatory M1 or anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes, which represent the extremes of the polarization spectrum that include Mhem, M(Hb), Mox, and M4 populations. However, this traditional macrophage model paradigm has been redefined to include numerous immune and nonimmune cell clusters based on in-depth unbiased single-cell approaches. The goal of this review is to highlight (1) the phenotypic and functional properties of monocyte subsets in the circulation, and macrophage populations in atherosclerotic plaques, as well as their contribution towards stable or unstable phenotypes in men and women, and (2) single-cell RNA sequencing studies that have advanced our knowledge of immune, particularly macrophage signatures present in the atherosclerotic niche. We discuss the importance of performing high-dimensional approaches to facilitate the development of novel sex-specific immunotherapies that aim to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Gianopoulos
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Stella S Daskalopoulou
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Glen Site, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, EM1.2210, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada.
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3
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Lian Z, Perrard XYD, Antony AK, Peng X, Xu L, Ni J, Zhang B, O’Brien V, Saeed A, Jia X, Hussain A, Yu B, Simon SI, Sacks FM, Hoogeveen RC, Ballantyne CM, Wu H. Dietary Effects on Monocyte Phenotypes in Subjects With Hypertriglyceridemia and Metabolic Syndrome. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023; 8:460-475. [PMID: 37325398 PMCID: PMC10264566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In patients with hypertriglyceridemia, a short-term low-saturated fat vs high-saturated fat diet induced lower plasma lipids and improved monocyte phenotypes. These findings highlight the role of diet fat content and composition for monocyte phenotypes and possibly cardiovascular disease risk in these patients. (Effects of Dietary Interventions on Monocytes in Metabolic Syndrome; NCT03591588).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeqin Lian
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Xueying Peng
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jing Ni
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Bingqian Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Veronica O’Brien
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anum Saeed
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xiaoming Jia
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Cardiometabolic Disease Prevention, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Aliza Hussain
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Cardiometabolic Disease Prevention, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Scott I. Simon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Frank M. Sacks
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ron C. Hoogeveen
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Christie M. Ballantyne
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Cardiometabolic Disease Prevention, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Huaizhu Wu
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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4
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Garcés-Hernández MJ, Pedraza-Escudero K, Garibay-Nieto N, Hernández-Ruiz J, Prieto-Chávez JL, Arriaga-Pizano LA, Villanueva-Ortega E, Escobedo G, Manjarrez-Reyna AN, López-Alvarenga JC, Pérez-Hernández JL, Queipo-García G. The CCR2 + Monocyte Subsets Increase in Obese Boys but Not Girls with Abnormally High Carotid Intima-Media Thickness: A Pilot Study. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:330. [PMID: 36286282 PMCID: PMC9604509 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9100330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The differential contribution of monocyte subsets expressing the C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) to subclinical atherosclerosis in girls and boys is unclear. In this pilot study, we compared classical, intermediate, and nonclassical monocyte subsets expressing CCR2 in 33 obese children of both sexes aged 8 to 16 divided by carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), considering values above the 75th percentile (p75) as abnormally high IMT. Obesity was defined as body mass index above the 95th percentile according to age and sex. Flow cytometry analyses revealed that boys but not girls with IMT ≥ p75 displayed increased CCR2+ cell percentage and CCR2 expression in the three monocyte subsets, compared to boys with IMT < p75. The CCR2+ cell percentage and CCR2 expression in the three monocyte subsets significantly correlated with increased IMT and insulin resistance in boys but not girls, where the CCR2+ nonclassical monocyte percentage had the strongest associations (r = 0.73 and r = 0.72, respectively). The role of CCR2+ monocyte subpopulations in identifying an abnormally high IMT shows a marked sexual dimorphism, where boys seem to be at higher subclinical atherosclerosis risk than girls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen Pedraza-Escudero
- Childhood Obesity Clinic, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
| | - Nayely Garibay-Nieto
- Childhood Obesity Clinic, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
| | - Joselin Hernández-Ruiz
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Dr. Balmis 148, Doctores, Cuauhtémoc, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
| | - Jessica Lakshmi Prieto-Chávez
- Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Instrumental Center, Health Investigation Coordination, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Andrea Arriaga-Pizano
- Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Instrumental Center, Health Investigation Coordination, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
| | - Eréndira Villanueva-Ortega
- Childhood Obesity Clinic, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
| | - Galileo Escobedo
- Laboratory of Immunometabolism, Research Division, General Hospital of México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
| | - Aaron Noe Manjarrez-Reyna
- Laboratory of Immunometabolism, Research Division, General Hospital of México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos López-Alvarenga
- Population Health and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
- Research Department, Universidad México-Americana del Norte, Reynosa 88640, Mexico
| | - José Luis Pérez-Hernández
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
| | - Gloria Queipo-García
- Department of Human Genetics, Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
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5
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Sinha A, Sitlani CM, Doyle MF, Fohner AE, Buzkova P, Floyd JS, Huber SA, Olson NC, Njoroge JN, Kizer JR, Delaney JA, Shah SS, Tracy RP, Psaty B, Feinstein M. Association of immune cell subsets with incident heart failure in two population-based cohorts. ESC Heart Fail 2022; 9:4177-4188. [PMID: 36097332 PMCID: PMC9773780 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Circulating inflammatory markers are associated with incident heart failure (HF), but prospective data on associations of immune cell subsets with incident HF are lacking. We determined the associations of immune cell subsets with incident HF as well as HF subtypes [with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)]. METHODS AND RESULTS Peripheral blood immune cell subsets were measured in adults from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) and Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS). Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for demographics, HF risk factors, and cytomegalovirus serostatus were used to evaluate the association of the immune cell subsets with incident HF. The average age of the MESA cohort at the time of immune cell measurements was 63.0 ± 10.4 years with 51% women, and in the CHS cohort, it was 79.6 ± 4.4 years with 62% women. In the meta-analysis of CHS and MESA, a higher proportion of CD4+ T helper (Th) 1 cells (per one standard deviation) was associated with a lower risk of incident HF [hazard ratio (HR) 0.91, (95% CI 0.83-0.99), P = 0.03]. Specifically, higher proportion of CD4+ Th1 cells was significantly associated with a lower risk of HFrEF [HR 0.73, (95% CI 0.62-0.85), <0.001] after correction for multiple testing. No association was observed with HFpEF. No other cell subsets were associated with incident HF. CONCLUSIONS We observed that higher proportions of CD4+ Th1 cells were associated with a lower risk of incident HFrEF in two distinct population-based cohorts, with similar effect sizes in both cohorts demonstrating replicability. Although unexpected, the consistency of this finding across cohorts merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Sinha
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA,Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA
| | - Colleen M. Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Margaret F. Doyle
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVTUSA
| | | | - Petra Buzkova
- Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - James S. Floyd
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA,Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Sally A. Huber
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVTUSA
| | - Nels C. Olson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVTUSA
| | - Joyce N. Njoroge
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California at San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Jorge R. Kizer
- Cardiology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System and Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and BiostatisticsUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Joseph A. Delaney
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA,College of PharmacyUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Sanjiv S. Shah
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA
| | - Russell P. Tracy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVTUSA,Department of Biochemistry, Robert Larner M.D. College of MedicineUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVTUSA
| | - Bruce Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA,Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA,Department of Health Systems and Population HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Matthew Feinstein
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA,Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA
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6
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Meng S, Jing L, Zhang W, Wang F, Dong Y, Dong D. Research progress on serological indices and their clinical application in rheumatoid arthritis. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24576. [PMID: 35838016 PMCID: PMC9459337 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a chronic systemic autoimmune disease of undetermined etiology, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has a complex pathogenesis, which involves multiple proteins and cytokines. The 2010 ACR/EULAR classification criteria facilitate early diagnosis of RA with reduced specificity when compared to the 1987 ACR criteria. Hence, it is imperative to identify novel serological inflammatory indicators and targets, in order to explain the complex regulatory network of RA. The present review discusses the associations of various inflammatory factors with RA and its underlying mechanism. Besides, the review also provides a novel insight into the clinical treatment of RA. MATERIALS AND METHODS According to the PRISMA guidelines, databases like Web of Science, Google-Scholar, Pubmed and Scopus were systematically searched for articles from January 1, 2018 to January 1, 2022 using The following 2 keywords: "rheumatoid arthritis", "Inflammatory cytokines", "ILs", "serum amyloid protein A", "matrix metalloproteinase 3", "RANKL", "Glucose-6-phosphoisomerase", "Anti-keratin antibody", "1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3". RESULTS Indicators like MMPs, ILs, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI), anti-keratin antibody (AKA) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) are the current hotspots in the efficacy research of RA. The present review suggests that ILs are highly expressed in the serum and synovial tissues of RA patients. By targeted inhibition of ILs with inhibitor application, precise RA treatment can be achieved. CONCLUSIONS Based on these results, it can be concluded that inflammatory factors have certain guiding significance in the diagnosis and efficacy evaluation of RA. However, the mechanisms of interactions among them are rather complex, which deserve further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Longxiao Jing
- Hai'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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7
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Gutierrez-Huerta CA, Turner BS, Claudel SE, Farmer N, Islam R, Mitchell VM, Collins BS, Baumer Y, Remaley AT, Powell-Wiley TM. LDL associates with pro-inflammatory monocyte subset differentiation and increases in chemokine receptor profile expression in African Americans. Int J Cardiol 2022; 358:88-93. [PMID: 35436557 PMCID: PMC9120048 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the United States, African Americans (AAs) have greater risk for Class III obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Previous reports suggest that AAs have a different immune cell profile when compared to Caucasians. METHODS The immune cell profile of AAs was characterized by flow cytometry using two experimental setups: ex vivo (N = 40) and in vitro (N = 10). For ex vivo experiments, PBMC were treated with participant serum to understand how lipid contents may contribute to monocyte phenotypic differences. For in vitro experiments, monocytes were low-density lipoprotein (LDL)- or vehicle-treated for four hours and subsequently analyzed by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR. RESULTS When PBMCs were treated with participant sera, subsequent multivariable regression analysis revealed that serum triglycerides and LDL levels were associated with monocyte subset differences. In vitro LDL treatment of monocytes induced a phenotypic switch in monocytes away from classical monocytes accompanied by subset-specific chemokine receptor CCR2 and CCR5 expression changes. These observed changes are partially translation-dependent as determined by co-incubation with cycloheximide. CONCLUSIONS LDL treatment of monocytes induces a change in monocyte subsets and increases CCR2/CCR5 expression in a subset-specific manner. Understanding the molecular mechanisms could prove to have CVD-related therapeutic benefits, especially in high-risk populations with hyperlipidemia and increased risk for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristhian A Gutierrez-Huerta
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Briana S Turner
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sophie E Claudel
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nicole Farmer
- Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rafique Islam
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Valerie M Mitchell
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Billy S Collins
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yvonne Baumer
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alan T Remaley
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tiffany M Powell-Wiley
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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8
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Monocyte subsets, T cell activation profiles, and stroke in men and women: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Health Study. Atherosclerosis 2022; 351:18-25. [PMID: 35605368 PMCID: PMC9548392 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Despite mechanistic data implicating unresolving inflammation in stroke pathogenesis, data regarding circulating immune cell phenotypes - key determinants of inflammation propagation versus resolution - and incident stroke are lacking. Therefore, we aimed to comprehensively define associations of circulating immune phenotypes and activation profiles with incident stroke. METHODS We investigated circulating leukocyte phenotypes and activation profiles with incident adjudicated stroke in 2104 diverse adults from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) followed over a median of 16.6 years. Cryopreserved cells from the MESA baseline examination were thawed and myeloid and lymphoid lineage cell subsets were measured using polychromatic flow cytometry and intracellular cytokine activation staining. We analyzed multivariable-adjusted associations of cell phenotypes, as a proportion of parent cell subsets, with incident stroke (overall) and ischemic stroke using Cox regression models. RESULTS We observed associations of intermediate monocytes, early-activated CD4+ T cells, and both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells producing interleukin-4 after cytokine stimulation (Th2 and Tc2, respectively) with higher risk for incident stroke; effect sizes ranged from 35% to 62% relative increases in risk for stroke. Meanwhile, differentiated and memory T cell phenotypes were associated with lower risk for incident stroke. In sex-stratified analyses, positive and negative associations were especially strong among men but null among women. CONCLUSIONS Circulating IL-4 producing T cells and intermediate monocytes were significantly associated with incident stroke over nearly two decades of follow-up. These associations were stronger among men and not among women. Further translational studies are warranted to define more precise targets for prognosis and intervention.
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9
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Peng X, Wu H. Inflammatory Links Between Hypertriglyceridemia and Atherogenesis. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2022; 24:297-306. [PMID: 35274230 PMCID: PMC9575332 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-022-01006-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Recent studies indicate an association between hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The purpose of this review is to discuss the potential mechanism connecting HTG and ASCVD risk and the potential efficacy of HTG-targeting therapies in ASCVD prevention. RECENT FINDINGS HTG, with elevations in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRL) and their remnants, are causal ASCVD risk factors. The mechanisms whereby HTG increases ASCVD risk are not well understood but may include multiple factors. Inflammation plays a crucial role in atherosclerosis. TGRL compared to low-density lipoproteins (LDL) correlate better with inflammation. TGRL remnants can penetrate endothelium and interact with macrophages leading to foam cell formation and inflammation in arterial walls, thereby contributing to atherogenesis. In addition, circulating monocytes can take up TGRL and become lipid-laden foamy monocytes, which infiltrate the arterial wall and may also contribute to atherogenesis. Novel therapies targeting HTG or inflammation are in development and have potential of reducing residual ASCVD risk associated with HTG. Clinical and preclinical studies show a causal role of HTG in promoting ASCVD, in which inflammation plays a vital role. Novel therapies targeting HTG or inflammation have potential of reducing residual ASCVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Peng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huaizhu Wu
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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10
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Sinha A, Rivera AS, Doyle MF, Sitlani C, Fohner A, Huber SA, Olson NC, Lima JA, Delaney JA, Feinstein MJ, Shah SJ, Tracy RP, Psaty BM. Association of immune cell subsets with cardiac mechanics in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. JCI Insight 2021; 6:149193. [PMID: 34236048 PMCID: PMC8410049 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.149193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundImmunomodulatory therapy may help prevent heart failure (HF). Data on immune cells and myocardial remodeling in older adults with cardiovascular risk factors are limited.MethodsIn the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis cohort, 869 adults had 19 peripheral immune cell subsets measured and underwent cardiac MRI during the baseline exam, of which 321 had assessment of left ventricular global circumferential strain (LV-GCS). We used linear regression with adjustment for demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, and cytomegalovirus serostatus to evaluate the cross-sectional association of immune cell subsets with left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and LV-GCS.ResultsThe average age of the cohort was 61.6 ± 10.0 years and 53% were women. Higher proportions of γ/δ T cells were associated with lower absolute (worse) LV-GCS (-0.105% [95% CI -0.164%, -0.046%] per 1 SD higher proportion of γ/δ T cells, P = 0.0006). This association remained significant after Bonferroni's correction. Higher proportions of classical monocytes were associated with worse absolute LV-GCS (-0.04% [95% CI -0.07%, 0.00%] per 1 SD higher proportion of classical monocytes, P = 0.04). This did not meet significance after Bonferroni's correction. There were no other significant associations with LV-GCS or LVMI.ConclusionPathways associated with γ/δ T cells may be potential targets for immunomodulatory therapy targeted at HF prevention in populations at risk.FundingContracts 75N92020D00001, HHSN268201500003I, N01-HC-95159, 75N92020D00005, N01-HC-95160, 75N92020D00002, N01-HC-95161, 75N92020D00003, N01-HC-95162, 75N92020D00006, N01-HC-95163, 75N92020D00004, N01-HC-95164, 75N92020D00007, N01-HC-95165, N01-HC-95166, N01-HC-95167, N01-HC-95168, and N01-HC-95169 and grant R01 HL98077 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/NIH and grants KL2TR001424, UL1-TR-000040, UL1-TR-001079, and UL1-TR-001420 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences/NIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Sinha
- Department of Medicine and
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Adovich S. Rivera
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Margaret F. Doyle
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Colleen Sitlani
- Department of Medicine
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, and
| | - Alison Fohner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sally A. Huber
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Nels C. Olson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Joao A.C. Lima
- Divison of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joseph A. Delaney
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Matthew J. Feinstein
- Department of Medicine and
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Russel P. Tracy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Department of Medicine
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, and
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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