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Choksey A, Carter RD, Thackray BD, Ball V, Kennedy BWC, Ha LHT, Sharma E, Broxholme J, Castro-Guarda M, Murphy MP, Heather LC, Tyler DJ, Timm KN. AICAR confers prophylactic cardioprotection in doxorubicin-induced heart failure in rats. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 191:12-22. [PMID: 38643934 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2024.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent that can cause serious cardiotoxic side effects, leading to heart failure (HF). Impaired mitochondrial function is thought to be key factor driving progression into HF. We have previously shown in a rat model of DOX-HF that heart failure with reduced ejection fraction correlates with mitochondrial loss and dysfunction. Adenosine monophosphate-dependent kinase (AMPK) is a cellular energy sensor, regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism, including fatty acid oxidation. We hypothesised that AMPK activation could restore mitochondrial function and therefore be a novel cardioprotective strategy for the prevention of DOX-HF. Consequently, we set out to assess whether 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR), an activator of AMPK, could prevent cardiac functional decline in this chronic intravenous rat model of DOX-HF. In line with our hypothesis, AICAR improved cardiac systolic function. AICAR furthermore improved cardiac mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, independent of mitochondrial number, and in the absence of observable AMPK-activation. In addition, we found that AICAR prevented loss of myocardial mass. RNAseq analysis showed that this may be driven by normalisation of pathways associated with ribosome function and protein synthesis, which are impaired in DOX-treated rat hearts. AICAR furthermore prevented dyslipidemia and excessive body-weight loss in DOX-treated rats, which may contribute to preservation of myocardial mass. Though it is unclear whether AICAR exerted its cardioprotective effect through cardiac or extra-cardiac AMPK-activation or via an AMPK-independent effect, these results show promise for the use of AICAR as a cardioprotective agent in DOX-HF to both preserve cardiac function and mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Choksey
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Ryan D Carter
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK; Doctoral Training Centre, University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3NP, UK
| | | | - Vicky Ball
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Brett W C Kennedy
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | | | - Eshita Sharma
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Dr, Headington, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - John Broxholme
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Dr, Headington, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | | | | | - Lisa C Heather
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Damian J Tyler
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Kerstin N Timm
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK; Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, UK.
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Ma Y, Zhao HP, Yang LG, Li L, Wang AL, Zhang XJ, Wang K, Yang B, Zhu ZF, Zhang PJ, Wang JP, Chi RF, Li B, Qin FZ, Wang ZP. NADPH oxidase 2 mediates cardiac sympathetic denervation and myocyte autophagy, resulting in cardiac atrophy and dysfunction in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6971. [PMID: 38521855 PMCID: PMC10960835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57090-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin has been used extensively as a potent anticancer agent, but its clinical use is limited by its cardiotoxicity. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we tested whether NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) mediates cardiac sympathetic nerve terminal abnormalities and myocyte autophagy, resulting in cardiac atrophy and dysfunction in doxorubicin-induced heart failure. Nox2 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice were randomly assigned to receive a single injection of doxorubicin (15 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline. WT doxorubicin mice exhibited the decreases in survival rate, left ventricular (LV) wall thickness and LV fractional shortening and the increase in the lung wet-to-dry weight ratio 1 week after the injections. These alterations were attenuated in Nox2 KO doxorubicin mice. In WT doxorubicin mice, myocardial oxidative stress was increased, myocardial noradrenergic nerve fibers were reduced, myocardial expression of PGP9.5, GAP43, tyrosine hydroxylase and norepinephrine transporter was decreased, and these changes were prevented in Nox2 KO doxorubicin mice. Myocyte autophagy was increased and myocyte size was decreased in WT doxorubicin mice, but not in Nox2 KO doxorubicin mice. Nox2 mediates cardiac sympathetic nerve terminal abnormalities and myocyte autophagy-both of which contribute to cardiac atrophy and failure after doxorubicin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ma
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Ping Zhao
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Guo Yang
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Li
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Lin Wang
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Wang
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yang
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zong-Feng Zhu
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Jun Zhang
- Shanxi Datong University School of Medicine, Datong, 037009, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Pu Wang
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Fang Chi
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao Li
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Zhong Qin
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhi-Peng Wang
- Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
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3
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Zhao HP, Ma Y, Zhang XJ, Guo HX, Yang B, Chi RF, Zhang NP, Wang JP, Li B, Qin FZ, Yang LG. NADPH oxidase 2 inhibitor GSK2795039 prevents doxorubicin-induced cardiac atrophy by attenuating cardiac sympathetic nerve terminal abnormalities and myocyte autophagy. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 967:176351. [PMID: 38290568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Doxorubicin is widely used for the treatment of human cancer, but its clinical use is limited by a cumulative dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. However, the mechanism of doxorubicin-induced cardiac atrophy and failure remains to be fully understood. In this study, we tested whether the specific NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) inhibitor GSK2795039 attenuates cardiac sympathetic nerve terminal abnormalities and myocyte autophagy, leading to the amelioration of cardiac atrophy and dysfunction in chronic doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. Mice were randomized to receive saline, doxorubicin (2.5 mg/kg, every other day, 6 times) or doxorubicin plus GSK2795039 (2.5 mg/kg, twice a day, 9 weeks). Left ventricular (LV) total wall thickness and LV ejection fraction were decreased in doxorubicin-treated mice compared with saline-treated mice and the decreases were prevented by the treatment of the specific Nox2 inhibitor GSK2795039. The ratio of total heart weight to tibia length and myocyte cross-sectional area were decreased in doxorubicin-treated mice, and the decreases were attenuated by the GSK2795039 treatment. In doxorubicin-treated mice, myocardial Nox2 and 4-hydroxynonenal levels were increased, myocardial expression of GAP43, tyrosine hydroxylase and norepinephrine transporter, markers of sympathetic nerve terminals, was decreased, and these changes were prevented by the GSK2795039 treatment. The ratio of LC3 II/I, a marker of autophagy, and Atg5, Atg12 and Atg12-Atg5 conjugate proteins were increased in doxorubicin-treated mice, and the increases were attenuated by the GSK2795039 treatment. These findings suggest that inhibition of Nox2 by GSK2795039 attenuates cardiac sympathetic nerve terminal abnormalities and myocyte autophagy, thereby ameliorating cardiac atrophy and dysfunction after chronic doxorubicin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ping Zhao
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Yuan Ma
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Hong-Xia Guo
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Bin Yang
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Rui-Fang Chi
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Nian-Ping Zhang
- Shanxi Datong University School of Medicine, Datong, 037009, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Jia-Pu Wang
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Bao Li
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Fu-Zhong Qin
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China.
| | - Li-Guo Yang
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China
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Chi J, Wu N, Li P, Hu J, Cai H, Lin C, Lai Y, Yang H, Huang J, Li M, Xu L. Hygrothermal stress increases malignant arrhythmias susceptibility by inhibiting the LKB1-AMPK-Cx43 pathway. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5010. [PMID: 38424223 PMCID: PMC10904738 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55804-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
High mortality due to hygrothermal stress during heat waves is mostly linked to cardiovascular malfunction, the most serious of which are malignant arrhythmias. However, the mechanism associated with hygrothermal stress leading to malignant arrhythmias remains unclear. The energy metabolism regulated by liver kinase B1 (LKB1) and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the electrical signaling based on gap junction protein, connexin43 (Cx43), plays important roles in the development of cardiac arrhythmias. In order to investigate whether hygrothermal stress induces arrhythmias via the LKB1-AMPK-Cx43 pathway, Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to high temperature and humidity for constructing the hygrothermal stress model. A final choice of 40 °C and 85% humidity was made by pre-exploration based on different gradient environmental conditions with reference to arrhythmia event-inducing stability and risk of sudden death. Then, the incidence of arrhythmic events, as well as the expression, phosphorylation at Ser368, and distribution of Cx43 in the myocardium, were examined. Meanwhile, the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activator, Acadesine, was also administered to investigate the role played by AMPK in the process. Our results showed that hygrothermal stress induced malignant arrhythmias such as ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, and severe atrioventricular block. Besides, hygrothermal stress decreased the phosphorylation of Cx43 at Ser368, induced proarrhythmic redistribution of Cx43 from polar to lateral sides of the cardiomyocytes, and also caused LKB1 and phosphorylated-AMPK expression to be less abundant. While, pretreatment with Acadesine significantly actived the LKB1-AMPK-Cx43 pathway and thus ameliorated malignant arrhythmias, indicating that the hygrothermal stress-induced arrhythmias is associated with the redistribution of gap junctions in cardiomyocytes and the organism's energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Chi
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ningxia Wu
- Graduate School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaman Hu
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Cai
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
- Graduate School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cailong Lin
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Lai
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han Yang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianyu Huang
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Xu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China.
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Guangzhou, China.
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5
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Rahman FA, Hian-Cheong DJ, Boonstra K, Ma A, Thoms JP, Zago AS, Quadrilatero J. Augmented mitochondrial apoptotic signaling impairs C2C12 myoblast differentiation following cellular aging through sequential passaging. J Cell Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38212955 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Aging is associated with the steady decline of several cellular processes. The loss of skeletal muscle mass, termed sarcopenia, is one of the major hallmarks of aging. Aged skeletal muscle exhibits a robust reduction in its regenerative capacity due to dysfunction (i.e., senescence, lack of self-renewal, and impaired differentiation) of resident muscle stem cells, called satellite cells. To replicate aging in vitro, immortalized skeletal muscle cells (myoblasts) can be treated with various agents to mimic age-related dysfunction; however, these come with their own set of limitations. In the present study, we used sequential passaging of mouse myoblasts to mimic impaired differentiation that is observed in aged skeletal muscle. Further, we investigated mitochondrial apoptotic mechanisms to better understand the impaired differentiation in these "aged" cells. Our data shows that sequential passaging (>20 passages) of myoblasts is accompanied with significant reductions in differentiation and elevated cell death. Furthermore, high-passage (HP) myoblasts exhibit greater mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic signaling through mitochondrial BAX translocation, CYCS and AIFM1 release, and caspase-9 activation. Finally, we show that inhibition of mitochondrial outer membrane permeability partly recovered differentiation in HP myoblasts. Together, our findings suggests that mitochondrial apoptotic signaling is a contributing factor to the diminished differentiation that is observed in aged myoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fasih A Rahman
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Dylan J Hian-Cheong
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Kristen Boonstra
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Ma
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - James P Thoms
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Anderson S Zago
- Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Joe Quadrilatero
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Sudharma AA, Siginam S, Husain GM, Mullapudi SV, Ismail A. ATROPHIC REMODELING OF THE HEART DURING VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AND INSUFFICIENCY IN A RAT MODEL. J Nutr Biochem 2023:109382. [PMID: 37209952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is associated with skeletal muscle wasting and impaired cardiac function in humans and animals. However, the molecular events that cause cardiac dysfunction in VDD are poorly understood, and therefore, therapeutic approaches are limited. In the present study, we investigated the effects of VDD on heart function with an emphasis on signaling pathways that regulate anabolism/catabolism in cardiac muscle. A Vitamin D deficient or insufficient rat model was employed. Heart electrical activity was measured by electrocardiography. Gene expression was monitored by qPCR, while protein expression was assessed by western blotting. Catalytic activities of the proteasome, lysosomal cathepsin activity, and apoptotic caspases were measured by fluorimetry. Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency led to cardiac arrhythmia, a decrease in heart weight, and an increase in apoptosis and interstitial fibrosis. Ex-vivo cultures of atria revealed an increase in total protein degradation and a decrease in de-novo protein synthesis. The catalytic activities of the major proteolytic systems: ubiquitin-proteasome system, autophagy-lysosome, and calpains were upregulated in the heart of VDD and insufficient rats. In contrast, the mTOR pathway that regulates protein synthesis was suppressed. These catabolic events were exacerbated by a decrease in the expression of myosin heavy chain and troponin genes, as well as decreased expression and activities of metabolic enzymes. These latter changes occurred despite the activation of the energy sensor, AMPK. Our results provide, compelling evidence for cardiac atrophy in Vitamin D deficient rats. Unlike the skeletal muscle, the heart responded to VDD by activating all three proteolytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gulam M Husain
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute of Unani Medicine for Skin Disorders, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Ayesha Ismail
- Department of Endocrinology, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India.
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Neill T, Iozzo RV. The Role of Decorin Proteoglycan in Mitophagy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030804. [PMID: 35159071 PMCID: PMC8834502 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The eminent rise of extracellular matrix constituents, chiefly hailing from the proteoglycan gene family, has revolutionized our understanding of how intracellular catabolism is regulated at the intersection of autophagy and breast cancer. In this review, we examine the mechanisms of decorin, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan, as it relates to autophagy and mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy). In each case, decorin signals via a unique cell surface receptor tyrosine kinase to evoke autophagy (VEGFR2) or mitophagy (MET receptor) that converges on a novel tumor suppressor gene. The downstream function of either Peg3 or mitostatin in response to decorin manifests as potent means to subdue breast cancer development and progression. Abstract Proteoglycans are emerging as critical regulators of intracellular catabolism. This rise in prominence has transformed our basic understanding and alerted us to the existence of non-canonical pathways, independent of nutrient deprivation, that potently control the autophagy downstream of a cell surface receptor. As a member of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan gene family, decorin has single-handedly pioneered the connection between extracellular matrix signaling and autophagy regulation. Soluble decorin evokes protracted endothelial cell autophagy via Peg3 and breast carcinoma cell mitophagy via mitostatin by interacting with VEGFR2 or the MET receptor tyrosine kinase, respectively. In this paper, we give a mechanistic perspective of the vital factors underlying the nutrient-independent, SLRP-dependent programs utilized for autophagic and/or mitophagic progression in breast cancer. Future protein therapies based on decorin (or fellow proteoglycan members) will represent a quantum leap forward in transforming autophagic progression into a powerful tool to control intracellular cell catabolism from the outside.
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Tivendale ND, Fenske R, Duncan O, Millar AH. In vivo homopropargylglycine incorporation enables sampling, isolation and characterization of nascent proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:1260-1276. [PMID: 34152049 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Determining which proteins are actively synthesized at a given point in time and extracting a representative sample for analysis is important to understand plant responses. Here we show that the methionine (Met) analogue homopropargylglycine (HPG) enables Bio-Orthogonal Non-Canonical Amino acid Tagging (BONCAT) of a small sample of the proteins being synthesized in Arabidopsis plants or cell cultures, facilitating their click-chemistry enrichment for analysis. The sites of HPG incorporation could be confirmed by peptide mass spectrometry at Met sites throughout protein amino acid sequences and correlation with independent studies of protein labelling with 15 N verified the data. We provide evidence that HPG-based BONCAT tags a better sample of nascent plant proteins than azidohomoalanine (AHA)-based BONCAT in Arabidopsis and show that the AHA induction of Met metabolism and greater inhibition of cell growth rate than HPG probably limits AHA incorporation at Met sites in Arabidopsis. We show HPG-based BONCAT provides a verifiable method for sampling, which plant proteins are being synthesized at a given time point and enriches a small portion of new protein molecules from the bulk protein pool for identification, quantitation and subsequent biochemical analysis. Enriched nascent polypeptides samples were found to contain significantly fewer common post-translationally modified residues than the same proteins from whole plant extracts, providing evidence for age-related accumulation of post-translational modifications in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D Tivendale
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Ricarda Fenske
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Owen Duncan
- Western Australian Proteomics, The University Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - A Harvey Millar
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Western Australian Proteomics, The University Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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9
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Neill T, Kapoor A, Xie C, Buraschi S, Iozzo RV. A functional outside-in signaling network of proteoglycans and matrix molecules regulating autophagy. Matrix Biol 2021; 100-101:118-149. [PMID: 33838253 PMCID: PMC8355044 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Proteoglycans and selected extracellular matrix constituents are emerging as intrinsic and critical regulators of evolutionarily conversed, intracellular catabolic pathways. Often, these secreted molecules evoke sustained autophagy in a variety of cell types, tissues, and model systems. The unique properties of proteoglycans have ushered in a paradigmatic shift to broaden our understanding of matrix-mediated signaling cascades. The dynamic cellular pathway controlling autophagy is now linked to an equally dynamic and fluid signaling network embedded in a complex meshwork of matrix molecules. A rapidly emerging field of research encompasses multiple matrix-derived candidates, representing a menagerie of soluble matrix constituents including decorin, biglycan, endorepellin, endostatin, collagen VI and plasminogen kringle 5. These matrix constituents are pro-autophagic and simultaneously anti-angiogenic. In contrast, perlecan, laminin α2 chain, and lumican have anti-autophagic functions. Mechanistically, each matrix constituent linked to intracellular catabolic events engages a specific cell surface receptor that often converges on a common core of the autophagic machinery including AMPK, Peg3 and Beclin 1. We consider this matrix-evoked autophagy as non-canonical given that it occurs in an allosteric manner and is independent of nutrient availability or prevailing bioenergetics control. We propose that matrix-regulated autophagy is an important outside-in signaling mechanism for proper tissue homeostasis that could be therapeutically leveraged to combat a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Neill
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Aastha Kapoor
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christopher Xie
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Simone Buraschi
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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10
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Neill T, Buraschi S, Kapoor A, Iozzo RV. Proteoglycan-driven Autophagy: A Nutrient-independent Mechanism to Control Intracellular Catabolism. J Histochem Cytochem 2020; 68:733-746. [PMID: 32623955 PMCID: PMC7649965 DOI: 10.1369/0022155420937370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteoglycans are rapidly emerging as versatile regulators of intracellular catabolic pathways. This is predominantly achieved via the non-canonical induction of autophagy, a fundamentally and evolutionarily conserved eukaryotic pathway necessary for maintaining organismal homeostasis. Autophagy facilitated by either decorin, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan, or perlecan, a basement membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan, proceeds independently of ambient nutrient conditions. We found that soluble decorin evokes endothelial cell autophagy and breast carcinoma cell mitophagy by directly interacting with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) or the Met receptor tyrosine kinase, respectively. Endorepellin, a soluble, proteolytic fragment of perlecan, induces autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress within the vasculature, downstream of VEGFR2. These potent matrix-derived cues transduce key biological information via receptor binding to converge upon a newly discovered nexus of core autophagic machinery comprised of Peg3 (paternally expressed gene 3) for autophagy or mitostatin for mitophagy. Here, we give a mechanistic overview of the nutrient-independent, proteoglycan-driven programs utilized for autophagic or mitophagic progression. We propose that catabolic control of cell behavior is an underlying basis for proteoglycan versatility and may provide novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Neill
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Simone Buraschi
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Aastha Kapoor
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
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11
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Kaur N, Raja R, Ruiz-Velasco A, Liu W. Cellular Protein Quality Control in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: From Bench to Bedside. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:585309. [PMID: 33195472 PMCID: PMC7593653 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.585309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a serious comorbidity and the most common cause of mortality in diabetes patients. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) features impaired cellular structure and function, culminating in heart failure; however, there is a dearth of specific clinical therapy for treating DCM. Protein homeostasis is pivotal for the maintenance of cellular viability under physiological and pathological conditions, particularly in the irreplaceable cardiomyocytes; therefore, it is tightly regulated by a protein quality control (PQC) system. Three evolutionarily conserved molecular processes, the unfolded protein response (UPR), the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), and autophagy, enhance protein turnover and preserve protein homeostasis by suppressing protein translation, degrading misfolded or unfolded proteins in cytosol or organelles, disposing of damaged and toxic proteins, recycling essential amino acids, and eliminating insoluble protein aggregates. In response to increased cellular protein demand under pathological insults, including the diabetic condition, a coordinated PQC system retains cardiac protein homeostasis and heart performance, on the contrary, inappropriate PQC function exaggerates cardiac proteotoxicity with subsequent heart dysfunction. Further investigation of the PQC mechanisms in diabetes propels a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of DCM and opens new prospective treatment strategies for heart disease and heart failure in diabetes patients. In this review, the function and regulation of cardiac PQC machinery in diabetes mellitus, and the therapeutic potential for the diabetic heart are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrita Kaur
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rida Raja
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Ruiz-Velasco
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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12
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Peris-Moreno D, Taillandier D, Polge C. MuRF1/TRIM63, Master Regulator of Muscle Mass. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186663. [PMID: 32933049 PMCID: PMC7555135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The E3 ubiquitin ligase MuRF1/TRIM63 was identified 20 years ago and suspected to play important roles during skeletal muscle atrophy. Since then, numerous studies have been conducted to decipher the roles, molecular mechanisms and regulation of this enzyme. This revealed that MuRF1 is an important player in the skeletal muscle atrophy process occurring during catabolic states, making MuRF1 a prime candidate for pharmacological treatments against muscle wasting. Indeed, muscle wasting is an associated event of several diseases (e.g., cancer, sepsis, diabetes, renal failure, etc.) and negatively impacts the prognosis of patients, which has stimulated the search for MuRF1 inhibitory molecules. However, studies on MuRF1 cardiac functions revealed that MuRF1 is also cardioprotective, revealing a yin and yang role of MuRF1, being detrimental in skeletal muscle and beneficial in the heart. This review discusses data obtained on MuRF1, both in skeletal and cardiac muscles, over the past 20 years, regarding the structure, the regulation, the location and the different functions identified, and the first inhibitors reported, and aim to draw the picture of what is known about MuRF1. The review also discusses important MuRF1 characteristics to consider for the design of future drugs to maintain skeletal muscle mass in patients with different pathologies.
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13
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Flores K, Siques P, Brito J, Ordenes S, Arriaza K, Pena E, León-Velarde F, López R, López de Pablo ÁL, Arribas S. Lower Body Weight in Rats Under Hypobaric Hypoxia Exposure Would Lead to Reduced Right Ventricular Hypertrophy and Increased AMPK Activation. Front Physiol 2020; 11:342. [PMID: 32372974 PMCID: PMC7185171 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Both chronic hypoxia (CH) and long-term chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) exposure lead to right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). Weight loss is an effective intervention to improve cardiac function and energy metabolism in cardiac hypertrophy. Likewise, caloric restriction (CR) also plays an important role in this cardioprotection through AMPK activation. We aimed to determine the influence of body weight (BW) on RVH, AMPK and related variables by comparing rats exposed to both hypoxic conditions. Methods Sixty male adult rats were separated into two groups (n = 30 per group) according to their previous diet: a caloric restriction (CR) group and an ad libitum (AL) group. Rats in both groups were randomly assigned to 3 groups: a normoxic group (NX, n = 10), a CIH group (2 days hypoxia/2 days normoxia; n = 10) and a CH group (n = 10). The CR group was previously fed 10 g daily, and the other was fed ad libitum. Rats were exposed to simulated hypobaric hypoxia in a hypobaric chamber set to 428 Torr (the equivalent pressure to that at an altitude of 4,600 m above sea level) for 30 days. Measurements included body weight; hematocrit; serum insulin; glycemia; the degree of RVH (Fulton's index and histology); and AMPK, mTOR, and PP2C expression levels in the right ventricle determined by western blotting. Results A lower degree of RVH, higher AMPK activation, and no activation of mTOR were found in the CR groups exposed to hypobaric hypoxia compared to the AL groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, decreased glycemia and serum insulin levels were observed. Interestingly, PP2C expression showed an increase in the AL groups but not in the CR groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion Maintaining a low weight before and during exposure to high-altitude hypoxia, during either CH or CIH, could prevent a major degree of RVH. This cardioprotection would likely be due to the activation of AMPK. Thus, body weight is a factor that might contribute to RVH at high altitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Flores
- Institute of Health Studies, University Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile.,Institute DECIPHER, German-Chilean Institute for Research on Pulmonary Hypoxia and Its Health Sequelae, Iquique, Chile
| | - Patricia Siques
- Institute of Health Studies, University Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile.,Institute DECIPHER, German-Chilean Institute for Research on Pulmonary Hypoxia and Its Health Sequelae, Iquique, Chile
| | - Julio Brito
- Institute of Health Studies, University Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile.,Institute DECIPHER, German-Chilean Institute for Research on Pulmonary Hypoxia and Its Health Sequelae, Iquique, Chile
| | - Stefany Ordenes
- Institute of Health Studies, University Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile.,Institute DECIPHER, German-Chilean Institute for Research on Pulmonary Hypoxia and Its Health Sequelae, Iquique, Chile
| | - Karem Arriaza
- Institute of Health Studies, University Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile.,Institute DECIPHER, German-Chilean Institute for Research on Pulmonary Hypoxia and Its Health Sequelae, Iquique, Chile
| | - E Pena
- Institute of Health Studies, University Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile.,Institute DECIPHER, German-Chilean Institute for Research on Pulmonary Hypoxia and Its Health Sequelae, Iquique, Chile
| | - Fabiola León-Velarde
- Department of Biological and Physiological Sciences, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía/IIA, Cayetano Heredia University, Lima, Peru
| | - Rosario López
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University Autónoma of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Silvia Arribas
- Department of Physiology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Li J, Minćzuk K, Massey JC, Howell NL, Roy RJ, Paul S, Patrie JT, Kramer CM, Epstein FH, Carey RM, Taegtmeyer H, Keller SR, Kundu BK. Metformin Improves Cardiac Metabolism and Function, and Prevents Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e015154. [PMID: 32248762 PMCID: PMC7428616 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.015154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background In spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) we observed profound myocardial metabolic changes during early hypertension before development of cardiac dysfunction and left ventricular hypertrophy. In this study, we evaluated whether metformin improved myocardial metabolic abnormalities and simultaneously prevented contractile dysfunction and left ventricular hypertrophy in SHR. Methods and Results SHR and control Wistar–Kyoto rats were treated with metformin from 2 to 5 months of age, when SHR hearts exhibit metabolic abnormalities and develop cardiac dysfunction and left ventricular hypertrophy. We evaluated the effect of metformin on myocardial glucose uptake rates with dynamic 2‐[18F] fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose positron emission tomography. We used cardiac MRI in vivo to assess the effect of metformin on ejection fraction, left ventricular mass, and end‐diastolic wall thickness, and also analyzed metabolites, AMP‐activated protein kinase and mammalian target‐of‐rapamycin activities, and mean arterial blood pressure. Metformin‐treated SHR had lower mean arterial blood pressure but remained hypertensive. Cardiac glucose uptake rates, left ventricular mass/tibia length, wall thickness, and circulating free fatty acid levels decreased to normal, and ejection fraction improved in treated SHR. Hearts of treated SHR exhibited increased AMP‐activated protein kinase phosphorylation and reduced mammalian target‐of‐rapamycin activity. Cardiac metabolite profiling demonstrated that metformin decreased fatty acyl carnitines and markers of oxidative stress in SHR. Conclusions Metformin reduced blood pressure, normalized myocardial glucose uptake, prevented left ventricular hypertrophy, and improved cardiac function in SHR. Metformin may exert its effects by normalizing myocardial AMPK and mammalian target‐of‐rapamycin activities, improving fatty acid oxidation, and reducing oxidative stress. Thus, metformin may be a new treatment to prevent or ameliorate chronic hypertension–induced left ventricular hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging University of Virginia Charlottesville VA
| | - Krzysztof Minćzuk
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging University of Virginia Charlottesville VA.,Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology Medical University of Białystok Białystok Poland
| | - James C Massey
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging University of Virginia Charlottesville VA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Virginia Charlottesville VA
| | - Nancy L Howell
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Medicine University of Virginia Charlottesville VA
| | - R Jack Roy
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging University of Virginia Charlottesville VA
| | - Soumen Paul
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging University of Virginia Charlottesville VA
| | - James T Patrie
- Department of Public Health Sciences University of Virginia Charlottesville VA
| | | | - Frederick H Epstein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Virginia Charlottesville VA
| | - Robert M Carey
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Medicine University of Virginia Charlottesville VA
| | - Heinrich Taegtmeyer
- McGovern Medical School The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX
| | - Susanna R Keller
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Medicine University of Virginia Charlottesville VA
| | - Bijoy K Kundu
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging University of Virginia Charlottesville VA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Virginia Charlottesville VA.,Cardiovascular Research Center University of Virginia Charlottesville VA
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15
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Hwang YJ, Cho DH. Activation of AMPK/proteasome/MLCK degradation signaling axis by telmisartan inhibits VSMC contractility and vessel contraction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 524:853-860. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Maurya R, Kumar R, Saran S. AMPKα promotes basal autophagy induction in Dictyostelium discoideum. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:4941-4953. [PMID: 31680241 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a degradation process, wherein long-lived proteins, damaged organelles, and protein aggregates are degraded to maintain cellular homeostasis. Upon starvation, 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) initiates autophagy. We show that ampkα- cells exhibit 50% reduction in pinocytosis and display defective phagocytosis. Re-expression of AMPKα in ampkα- cells co-localizes with red fluorescence protein-tagged bacteria. The ampkα- cells show reduced cell survival and autophagic flux under basal and starvation conditions. Co-immunoprecipitation studies show conservation of the AMPK-ATG1 axis in basal autophagy. Computational analyses suggest that the N-terminal region of DdATG1 is amenable for interaction with AMPK. Furthermore, β-actin was found to be a novel interacting partner of AMPK, attributed to the alteration in macropinocytosis and phagocytosis in the absence of AMPK. Additionally, ampkα- cells exhibit enhanced poly-ubiquitinated protein levels and allied large ubiquitin-positive protein aggregates. Our findings suggest that AMPK provides links among pinocytosis, phagocytosis, autophagy, and is a requisite for basal autophagy in Dictyostelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjana Maurya
- Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology Lab, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology Lab, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Shweta Saran
- Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology Lab, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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17
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Sun X, Zhao D, Lu F, Peng S, Yu M, Liu N, Sun Y, Du H, Wang B, Chen J, Dong S, Lu F, Zhang W. Hydrogen sulfide regulates muscle RING finger-1 protein S-sulfhydration at Cys 44 to prevent cardiac structural damage in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 177:836-856. [PMID: 30734268 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) plays important roles as a gasotransmitter in pathologies. Increased expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligase, muscle RING finger-1 (MuRF1), may be involved in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Here we have investigated whether and how exogenous H2 S alleviates cardiac muscle degradation through modifications of MuRF1 S-sulfhydration in db/db mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were treated with high glucose (40 mM), oleate (100 μM), palmitate (400 μM), and NaHS (100 μM) for 72 hr. MuRF1 was silenced with siRNA technology and mutation at Cys44 . Endoplasmic reticulum stress markers, MuRF1 expression, and ubiquitination level were measured. db/db mice were injected with NaHS (39 μmol·kg-1 ) for 20 weeks. Echocardiography, cardiac ultrastructure, cystathionine-γ-lyase, cardiac structure proteins expression, and S-sulfhydration production were measured. KEY RESULTS H2 S levels and cystathionine-γ-lyase protein expression in myocardium were decreased in db/db mice. Exogenous H2 S reversed endoplasmic reticulum stress, including impairment of the function of cardiomyocytes and structural damage in db/db mice. Exogenous H2 S could suppress the levels of myosin heavy chain 6 and myosin light chain 2 ubiquitination in cardiac tissues of db/db mice, and MuRF1 was modified by S-sulfhydration, following treatment with exogenous H2 S, to reduce the interaction between MuRF1 and myosin heavy chain 6 and myosin light chain 2. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our findings suggest that H2 S regulates MuRF1 S-sulfhydration at Cys44 to prevent myocardial degradation in the cardiac tissues of db/db mice. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Hydrogen Sulfide in Biology & Medicine. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.4/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dechao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fangping Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuo Peng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haining Du
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bingzhu Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shiyun Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fanghao Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Harbin Medical University Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
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18
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Gubbiotti MA, Seifert E, Rodeck U, Hoek JB, Iozzo RV. Metabolic reprogramming of murine cardiomyocytes during autophagy requires the extracellular nutrient sensor decorin. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:16940-16950. [PMID: 30049794 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix is a master regulator of tissue homeostasis in health and disease. Here we examined how the small, leucine-rich, extracellular matrix proteoglycan decorin regulates cardiomyocyte metabolism during fasting in vivo First, we validated in Dcn -/- mice that decorin plays an essential role in autophagy induced by fasting. High-throughput metabolomics analyses of cardiac tissue in Dcn -/- mice subjected to fasting revealed striking differences in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway resulting in aberrant cardiac O-β-N-acetylglycosylation as compared with WT mice. Functionally, Dcn -/- mice maintained cardiac function at a level comparable with nonfasted animals whereas fasted WT mice showed reduced ejection fraction. Collectively, our results suggest that reduced sensing of nutrient deprivation in the absence of decorin preempts functional adjustments of cardiac output associated with metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Gubbiotti
- From the Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Erin Seifert
- From the Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.,MitoCare Center, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, and
| | - Ulrich Rodeck
- From the Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.,Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Jan B Hoek
- From the Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.,MitoCare Center, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, and
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- From the Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107,
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19
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Nam DH, Kim E, Benham A, Park HK, Soibam B, Taffet GE, Kaelber JT, Suh JH, Taegtmeyer H, Entman ML, Reineke EL. Transient activation of AMPK preceding left ventricular pressure overload reduces adverse remodeling and preserves left ventricular function. FASEB J 2018; 33:711-721. [PMID: 30024790 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800602r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Coordinated changes in signaling pathways and gene expression in hearts subjected to prolonged stress maintain cardiac function. Loss of steroid receptor coactivator-2 (SRC-2) results in a reversal to the fetal gene program and disrupts the response to pressure overload, accompanied by prominent effects on metabolism and growth signaling, including increased AMPK activation. We proposed that early metabolic stress driven by AMPK activation induces contractile dysfunction in mice lacking SRC-2. We used 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) to activate AMPK transiently before transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in wild-type and cardiomyocyte-specific SRC-2 knockout (CKO) animals. In contrast to AMPK activities during stress, in unstressed hearts, AICAR induced a mild activation of Akt signaling, and, in SRC-2-CKO mice, partially relieved an NAD+ deficiency and increased antioxidant signaling. These molecular changes translated to a mild hypertrophic response to TAC with decreased maladaptive remodeling, including markedly decreased fibrosis. Additionally, preactivation of AMPK in SRC-2-CKO mice was accompanied by a dramatic improvement in cardiac function compared with saline-treated SRC-2-CKO mice. Our results show that altered molecular signaling before stress onset has extended effects on sustained cardiac stress responses, and prestress modulation of transient growth and metabolism pathways may control those effects.-Nam, D. H., Kim, E., Benham, A., Park, H.-K., Soibam, B., Taffet, G. E., Kaelber, J. T., Suh, J. H., Taegtmeyer, H., Entman, M. L., Reineke, E. L. Transient activation of AMPK preceding left ventricular pressure overload reduces adverse remodeling and preserves left ventricular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deok Hwa Nam
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Eunah Kim
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Hye-Kyung Park
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Benjamin Soibam
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering Technology, University of Houston-Downtown, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - George E Taffet
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jason T Kaelber
- National Center for Macromolecular Imaging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and
| | - Ji Ho Suh
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Heinrich Taegtmeyer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mark L Entman
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Erin L Reineke
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
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20
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Basisty NB, Liu Y, Reynolds J, Karunadharma PP, Dai DF, Fredrickson J, Beyer RP, MacCoss MJ, Rabinovitch PS. Stable Isotope Labeling Reveals Novel Insights Into Ubiquitin-Mediated Protein Aggregation With Age, Calorie Restriction, and Rapamycin Treatment. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018; 73:561-570. [PMID: 28958078 PMCID: PMC6380815 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of protein aggregates with age was first described in aged human tissue over 150 years ago and has since been described in virtually every human tissue. Ubiquitin modifications are a canonical marker of insoluble protein aggregates; however, the composition of most age-related inclusions remains relatively unknown. To examine the landscape of age-related protein aggregation in vivo, we performed an antibody-based pulldown of ubiquitinated proteins coupled with metabolic labeling and mass spectrometry on young and old mice on calorie restriction (CR), rapamycin (RP)-supplemented, and control diets. We show increased abundance of many ubiquitinated proteins in old mice and greater retention of preexisting (unlabeled) ubiquitinated proteins relative to their unmodified counterparts-fitting the expected profile of age-increased accumulation of long-lived aggregating proteins. Both CR and RP profoundly affected ubiquitinome composition, half-live, and the insolubility of proteins, consistent with their ability to mobilize these age-associated accumulations. Finally, confocal microscopy confirmed the aggregation of two of the top predicted aggregating proteins, keratins 8/18 and catalase, as well as their attenuation by CR and RP. Stable-isotope labeling is a powerful tool to gain novel insights into proteostasis mechanisms, including protein aggregation, and could be used to identify novel therapeutic targets in aging and protein aggregation diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan B Basisty
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California
| | - Yuxin Liu
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Jason Reynolds
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | | | - Dao-Fu Dai
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City
| | | | - Richard P Beyer
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Washington, Seattle
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21
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Abstract
Progressive loss of proteostasis is a hallmark of aging that is marked by declines in various components of proteostasis machinery, including: autophagy, ubiquitin-mediated degradation, protein synthesis, and others. While declines in proteostasis have historically been observed as changes in these processes, or as bulk changes in the proteome, recent advances in proteomic methodologies have enabled the comprehensive measurement of turnover directly at the level of individual proteins in vivo. These methods, which utilize a combination of stable-isotope labeling, mass spectrometry, and specialized software analysis, have now been applied to various studies of aging and longevity. Here we review the role of proteostasis in aging and longevity, with a focus on the proteomic methods available to conduct protein turnover in aging models and the insights these studies have provided thus far.
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22
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Integrated omics dissection of proteome dynamics during cardiac remodeling. Nat Commun 2018; 9:120. [PMID: 29317621 PMCID: PMC5760723 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02467-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcript abundance and protein abundance show modest correlation in many biological models, but how this impacts disease signature discovery in omics experiments is rarely explored. Here we report an integrated omics approach, incorporating measurements of transcript abundance, protein abundance, and protein turnover to map the landscape of proteome remodeling in a mouse model of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Analyzing the hypertrophy signatures that are reproducibly discovered from each omics data type across six genetic strains of mice, we find that the integration of transcript abundance, protein abundance, and protein turnover data leads to 75% gain in discovered disease gene candidates. Moreover, the inclusion of protein turnover measurements allows discovery of post-transcriptional regulations across diverse pathways, and implicates distinct disease proteins not found in steady-state transcript and protein abundance data. Our results suggest that multi-omics investigations of proteome dynamics provide important insights into disease pathogenesis in vivo.
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23
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Suh JH, Lai L, Nam D, Kim J, Jo J, Taffet GE, Kim E, Kaelber JT, Lee HK, Entman ML, Cooke JP, Reineke EL. Steroid receptor coactivator-2 (SRC-2) coordinates cardiomyocyte paracrine signaling to promote pressure overload-induced angiogenesis. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:21643-21652. [PMID: 29127200 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.804740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pressure overload-induced cardiac stress induces left ventricular hypertrophy driven by increased cardiomyocyte mass. The increased energetic demand and cardiomyocyte size during hypertrophy necessitate increased fuel and oxygen delivery and stimulate angiogenesis in the left ventricular wall. We have previously shown that the transcriptional regulator steroid receptor coactivator-2 (SRC-2) controls activation of several key cardiac transcription factors and that SRC-2 loss results in extensive cardiac transcriptional remodeling. Pressure overload in mice lacking SRC-2 induces an abrogated hypertrophic response and decreases sustained cardiac function, but the cardiomyocyte-specific effects of SRC-2 in these changes are unknown. Here, we report that cardiomyocyte-specific loss of SRC-2 (SRC-2 CKO) results in a blunted hypertrophy accompanied by a rapid, progressive decrease in cardiac function. We found that SRC-2 CKO mice exhibit markedly decreased left ventricular vasculature in response to transverse aortic constriction, corresponding to decreased expression of the angiogenic factor VEGF. Of note, SRC-2 knockdown in cardiomyocytes decreased VEGF expression and secretion to levels sufficient to blunt in vitro tube formation and proliferation of endothelial cells. During pressure overload, both hypertrophic and hypoxic signals can stimulate angiogenesis, both of which stimulated SRC-2 expression in vitro Furthermore, SRC-2 coactivated the transcription factors GATA-binding protein 4 (GATA-4) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and -2α in response to angiotensin II and hypoxia, respectively, which drive VEGF expression. These results suggest that SRC-2 coordinates cardiomyocyte secretion of VEGF downstream of the two major angiogenic stimuli occurring during pressure overload bridging both hypertrophic and hypoxia-stimulated paracrine signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ho Suh
- From the Center for Bioenergetics and
| | - Li Lai
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas 77030
| | | | - Jong Kim
- the University of Houston 77004, Houston, Texas
| | - Juyeon Jo
- the Department of Pediatrics and Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine and Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, and
| | - George E Taffet
- the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Eunah Kim
- From the Center for Bioenergetics and
| | - Jason T Kaelber
- the National Center for Macromolecular Imaging and Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Hyun-Kyoung Lee
- the Department of Pediatrics and Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine and Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, and
| | - Mark L Entman
- the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, and
| | - John P Cooke
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas 77030
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24
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Bobela W, Nazeeruddin S, Knott G, Aebischer P, Schneider BL. Modulating the catalytic activity of AMPK has neuroprotective effects against α-synuclein toxicity. Mol Neurodegener 2017; 12:80. [PMID: 29100525 PMCID: PMC5670705 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-017-0220-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic perturbations and slower renewal of cellular components associated with aging increase the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Declining activity of AMPK, a critical cellular energy sensor, may therefore contribute to neurodegeneration. Methods Here, we overexpress various genetic variants of the catalytic AMPKα subunit to determine how AMPK activity affects the survival and function of neurons overexpressing human α-synuclein in vivo. Results Both AMPKα1 and α2 subunits have neuroprotective effects against human α-synuclein toxicity in nigral dopaminergic neurons. Remarkably, a modified variant of AMPKα1 (T172Dα1) with constitutive low activity most effectively prevents the loss of dopamine neurons, as well as the motor impairments caused by α-synuclein accumulation. In the striatum, T172Dα1 decreases the formation of dystrophic axons, which contain aggregated α-synuclein. In primary cortical neurons, overexpression of human α-synuclein perturbs mitochondrial and lysosomal activities. Co-expressing AMPKα with α-synuclein induces compensatory changes, which limit the accumulation of lysosomal material and increase the mitochondrial mass. Conclusions Together, these results indicate that modulating AMPK activity can mitigate α-synuclein toxicity in nigral dopamine neurons, which may have implications for the development of neuroprotective treatments against PD. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13024-017-0220-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Bobela
- Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 19, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sameer Nazeeruddin
- Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 19, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Graham Knott
- Centre of Interdisciplinary Electron Microscopy, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Aebischer
- Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 19, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bernard L Schneider
- Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 19, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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25
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Tuomainen T, Tavi P. The role of cardiac energy metabolism in cardiac hypertrophy and failure. Exp Cell Res 2017; 360:12-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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26
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Brown DI, Parry TL, Willis MS. Ubiquitin Ligases and Posttranslational Regulation of Energy in the Heart: The Hand that Feeds. Compr Physiol 2017. [PMID: 28640445 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a costly and deadly syndrome characterized by the reduced capacity of the heart to adequately provide systemic blood flow. Mounting evidence implicates pathological changes in cardiac energy metabolism as a contributing factor in the development of HF. While the main source of fuel in the healthy heart is the oxidation of fatty acids, in the failing heart the less energy efficient glucose and glycogen metabolism are upregulated. The ubiquitin proteasome system plays a key role in regulating metabolism via protein-degradation/regulation of autophagy and regulating metabolism-related transcription and cell signaling processes. In this review, we discuss recent research that describes the role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in regulating metabolism in the context of HF. We focus on ubiquitin ligases (E3s), the component of the UPS that confers substrate specificity, and detail the current understanding of how these E3s contribute to cardiac pathology and metabolism. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:841-862, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- David I Brown
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Traci L Parry
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Monte S Willis
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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27
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Sato Y, Tsuyama T, Sato C, Karim MF, Yoshizawa T, Inoue M, Yamagata K. Hypoxia reduces HNF4α/MODY1 protein expression in pancreatic β-cells by activating AMP-activated protein kinase. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:8716-8728. [PMID: 28364040 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.767574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia plays a role in the deterioration of β-cell function. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) has an important role in pancreatic β-cells, and mutations of the human HNF4A gene cause a type of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY1). However, it remains unclear whether hypoxia affects the expression of HNF4α in β-cells. Here, we report that hypoxia reduces HNF4α protein expression in β-cells. Hypoxia-inducible factor was not involved in the down-regulation of HNF4α under hypoxic conditions. The down-regulation of HNF4α was dependent on the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and the reduction of HNF4α protein expression by metformin, an AMPK activator, and hypoxia was inhibited by the overexpression of a kinase-dead (KD) form of AMPKα2. In addition, hypoxia decreased the stability of the HNF4α protein, and the down-regulation of HNF4α was sensitive to proteasome inhibitors. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of KD-AMPKα2 improved insulin secretion in metformin-treated islets, hypoxic islets, and ob/ob mouse islets. These results suggest that down-regulation of HNF4α could be of importance in β-cell dysfunction by hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Sato
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556 and
| | - Tomonori Tsuyama
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556 and
| | - Chinami Sato
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556 and
| | - Md Fazlul Karim
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556 and
| | - Tatsuya Yoshizawa
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556 and
| | - Masahiro Inoue
- the Department of Biochemistry, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, 1-3-3 Nakamichi, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-8511, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yamagata
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556 and
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28
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Hinson JT, Chopra A, Lowe A, Sheng CC, Gupta RM, Kuppusamy R, O'Sullivan J, Rowe G, Wakimoto H, Gorham J, Burke MA, Zhang K, Musunuru K, Gerszten RE, Wu SM, Chen CS, Seidman JG, Seidman CE. Integrative Analysis of PRKAG2 Cardiomyopathy iPS and Microtissue Models Identifies AMPK as a Regulator of Metabolism, Survival, and Fibrosis. Cell Rep 2016; 17:3292-3304. [PMID: 28009297 PMCID: PMC5193246 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a metabolic enzyme that can be activated by nutrient stress or genetic mutations. Missense mutations in the regulatory subunit, PRKAG2, activate AMPK and cause left ventricular hypertrophy, glycogen accumulation, and ventricular pre-excitation. Using human iPS cell models combined with three-dimensional cardiac microtissues, we show that activating PRKAG2 mutations increase microtissue twitch force by enhancing myocyte survival. Integrating RNA sequencing with metabolomics, PRKAG2 mutations that activate AMPK remodeled global metabolism by regulating RNA transcripts to favor glycogen storage and oxidative metabolism instead of glycolysis. As in patients with PRKAG2 cardiomyopathy, iPS cell and mouse models are protected from cardiac fibrosis, and we define a crosstalk between AMPK and post-transcriptional regulation of TGFβ isoform signaling that has implications in fibrotic forms of cardiomyopathy. Our results establish critical connections among metabolic sensing, myocyte survival, and TGFβ signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Travis Hinson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
| | - Anant Chopra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andre Lowe
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Calvin C Sheng
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rajat M Gupta
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rajarajan Kuppusamy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - John O'Sullivan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Glenn Rowe
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Hiroko Wakimoto
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joshua Gorham
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael A Burke
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kehan Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kiran Musunuru
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Robert E Gerszten
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sean M Wu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Christopher S Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Christine E Seidman
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
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29
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Chen B, Wu Q, Xiong Z, Ma Y, Yu S, Chen D, Huang S, Dong Y. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase attenuates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through regulation of FOXO3a/MAFbx signaling pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2016; 48:827-32. [PMID: 27521792 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmw076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Control of cardiac muscle mass is thought to be determined by a dynamic balance of protein synthesis and degradation. Recent studies have demonstrated that atrophy-related forkhead box O 3a (FOXO3a)/muscle atrophy F-box (MAFbx) signaling pathway plays a central role in the modulation of proteolysis and exert inhibitory effect on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation attenuates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by regulating FOXO3a/MAFbx signaling pathway and its downstream protein degradation. The results showed that activation of AMPK with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) attenuated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by angiotensin II (Ang II). The antihypertrophic effects of AICAR were blunted by AMPK inhibitor Compound C. In addition, AMPK dramatically increased the activity of transcription factor FOXO3a, up-regulated the expression of its downstream ubiquitin ligase MAFbx, and enhanced cardiomyocyte proteolysis. Meanwhile, the effects of AMPK on protein degradation and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy were blocked after MAFbx was silenced by transfection of cardiomyocytes with MAFbx-siRNA. These results indicate that AMPK plays an important role in the inhibition of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by activating protein degradation via FOXO3a/MAFbx signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Zhaojun Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yuedong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Sha Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Shengwen Huang
- Department of Laboratory, The Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Yugang Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou 510080, China
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30
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Zhao L, Fan C, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Wang D, Deng C, Hu W, Ma Z, Jiang S, Di S, Qin Z, Lv J, Sun Y, Yi W. Adiponectin enhances bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell resistance to flow shear stress through AMP-activated protein kinase signaling. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28752. [PMID: 27418435 PMCID: PMC4945870 DOI: 10.1038/srep28752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin has been demonstrated to protect the cardiovascular system and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). However, it is unclear whether adiponectin can protect BMSCs against flow shear stress (FSS). In this study, our aim was to explore the effects of adiponectin on BMSCs and to explore the role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling in this process. Shear stress significantly inhibits the survival and increases the apoptosis of BMSCs in an intensity-dependent manner. The expression levels of TGF-β, bFGF, VEGF, PDGF, and Bcl2 are simultaneously reduced, and the phosphorylation levels of AMPK and ACC, as well as the expression level of Bax, are increased. Supplementation with adiponectin promotes the survival of BMSCs; reverses the changes in the expression levels of TGF-β, bFGF, VEGF, PDGF, Bcl2, and Bax; and further amplifies the phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC. Furthermore, the protective effects of adiponectin can be partially neutralized by AMPK siRNA. In summary, we have demonstrated for the first time that adiponectin can effectively protect BMSCs from FSS and that this effect depends, at least in part, on the activation of AMPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China.,Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Chongxi Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Dongjin Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Shouyi Di
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Zhigang Qin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jianjun Lv
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wei Yi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, China
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31
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Bairwa SC, Parajuli N, Dyck JRB. The role of AMPK in cardiomyocyte health and survival. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:2199-2210. [PMID: 27412473 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cellular energy homeostasis is a fundamental process that governs the overall health of the cell and is paramount to cell survival. Central to this is the control of ATP generation and utilization, which is regulated by a complex myriad of enzymatic reactions controlling cellular metabolism. In the cardiomyocyte, ATP generated from substrate catabolism is used for numerous cellular processes including maintaining ionic homeostasis, cell repair, protein synthesis and turnover, organelle turnover, and contractile function. In many instances, cardiovascular disease is associated with impaired cardiac energetics and thus the signalling that regulates pathways involved in cardiomyocyte metabolism may be potential targets for pharmacotherapy designed to help treat cardiovascular disease. An important regulator of cardiomyocyte energy homeostasis is adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is a serine-threonine kinase that functions primarily as a metabolic sensor to coordinate anabolic and catabolic activities in the cell via the phosphorylation of multiple proteins involved in metabolic pathways. In addition to the direct role that AMPK plays in the regulation of cardiomyocyte metabolism, AMPK can also either directly or indirectly influence other cellular processes such as regulating mitochondrial function, post-translation acetylation, autophagy, mitophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptosis. Thus, AMPK is implicated in the control of a wide variety of cellular processes that can influence cardiomyocyte health and survival. In this review, we will discuss the important role that AMPK plays in regulating cardiac metabolism, as well as the additional cellular processes that may contribute to cardiomyocyte function and survival in the healthy and the diseased heart. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The role of post-translational protein modifications on heart and vascular metabolism edited by Jason R.B. Dyck & Jan. F.C. Glatz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh C Bairwa
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nirmal Parajuli
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jason R B Dyck
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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32
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Bai T, Wang F, Mellen N, Zheng Y, Cai L. Diabetic cardiomyopathy: role of the E3 ubiquitin ligase. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2016; 310:E473-83. [PMID: 26732687 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00467.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the leading cause of mortality in diabetes. As the number of cases of diabetes continues to rise, it is urgent to develop new strategies to protect against DCM, which is characterized by cardiac hypertrophy, increased apoptosis, fibrosis, and altered insulin metabolism. The E3 ubiquitin ligases (E3s), one component of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, play vital roles in all of the features of DCM listed above. They also modulate the activity of several transcription factors involved in the pathogenesis of DCM. In addition, the E3s degrade both insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrates and also regulate insulin gene transcription, leading to insulin resistance and insulin deficiency. Therefore, the E3s may be a driving force for DCM. This review summarizes currently available studies to analyze the roles of the E3s in DCM, enriches our knowledge of how DCM develops, and provides a novel strategy to protect heart from diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Bai
- Cardiovascular Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Fan Wang
- Internal Medicine, People's Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, China; and
| | - Nicholas Mellen
- Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Yang Zheng
- Cardiovascular Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China;
| | - Lu Cai
- Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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33
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Taegtmeyer H, Young ME, Lopaschuk GD, Abel ED, Brunengraber H, Darley-Usmar V, Des Rosiers C, Gerszten R, Glatz JF, Griffin JL, Gropler RJ, Holzhuetter HG, Kizer JR, Lewandowski ED, Malloy CR, Neubauer S, Peterson LR, Portman MA, Recchia FA, Van Eyk JE, Wang TJ. Assessing Cardiac Metabolism: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circ Res 2016; 118:1659-701. [PMID: 27012580 DOI: 10.1161/res.0000000000000097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In a complex system of interrelated reactions, the heart converts chemical energy to mechanical energy. Energy transfer is achieved through coordinated activation of enzymes, ion channels, and contractile elements, as well as structural and membrane proteins. The heart's needs for energy are difficult to overestimate. At a time when the cardiovascular research community is discovering a plethora of new molecular methods to assess cardiac metabolism, the methods remain scattered in the literature. The present statement on "Assessing Cardiac Metabolism" seeks to provide a collective and curated resource on methods and models used to investigate established and emerging aspects of cardiac metabolism. Some of those methods are refinements of classic biochemical tools, whereas most others are recent additions from the powerful tools of molecular biology. The aim of this statement is to be useful to many and to do justice to a dynamic field of great complexity.
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Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism, Lipid Metabolism, and Protein Metabolism by AMPK. EXPERIENTIA SUPPLEMENTUM (2012) 2016; 107:23-43. [PMID: 27812975 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-43589-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This chapter summarizes AMPK function in the regulation of substrate and energy metabolism with the main emphasis on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, protein turnover, mitochondrial biogenesis, and whole-body energy homeostasis. AMPK acts as whole-body energy sensor and integrates different signaling pathway to meet both cellular and body energy requirements while inhibiting energy-consuming processes but also activating energy-producing ones. AMPK mainly promotes glucose and fatty acid catabolism, whereas it prevents protein, glycogen, and fatty acid synthesis.
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Tsui H, Zi M, Wang S, Chowdhury SK, Prehar S, Liang Q, Cartwright EJ, Lei M, Liu W, Wang X. Smad3 Couples Pak1 With the Antihypertrophic Pathway Through the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase, Fbxo32. Hypertension 2015; 66:1176-83. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.06068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is regarded as a critical intermediate step toward the development of heart failure. Many signal transduction cascades are demonstrated to dictate the induction and progression of pathological hypertrophy; however, our understanding in regulatory mechanisms responsible for the suppression of hypertrophy remains limited. In this study, we showed that exacerbated hypertrophy induced by pressure overload in cardiac-deleted Pak1 mice was attributable to a failure to upregulate the antihypertrophic E3 ligase, Fbxo32, responsible for targeting proteins for the ubiquitin-degradation pathway. Under pressure overload, cardiac overexpression of constitutively active Pak1 mice manifested strong resilience against pathological hypertrophic remodeling. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that subsequent to Pak1 activation, the binding of Smad3 on a critical singular AGAC
-286
-binding site on the
FBXO32
promoter was crucial for its transcriptional regulation. Pharmacological upregulation of Fbxo32 by Berberine ameliorated hypertrophic remodeling and improved cardiac performance in cardiac-deficient Pak1 mice under pressure overload. Our findings discover Smad3 and Fbxo32 as novel downstream components of the Pak1-dependent signaling pathway for the suppression of hypertrophy. This discovery opens a new venue for opportunities to identify novel targets for the management of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoyee Tsui
- From the Faculty of Life Sciences (H.T, S.W., S.K.C., W.L., X.W.) and Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences (M.Z., S.P., E.J.C.), University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, NY (Q.L.); and Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.)
| | - Min Zi
- From the Faculty of Life Sciences (H.T, S.W., S.K.C., W.L., X.W.) and Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences (M.Z., S.P., E.J.C.), University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, NY (Q.L.); and Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.)
| | - Shunyao Wang
- From the Faculty of Life Sciences (H.T, S.W., S.K.C., W.L., X.W.) and Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences (M.Z., S.P., E.J.C.), University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, NY (Q.L.); and Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.)
| | - Sanjoy K. Chowdhury
- From the Faculty of Life Sciences (H.T, S.W., S.K.C., W.L., X.W.) and Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences (M.Z., S.P., E.J.C.), University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, NY (Q.L.); and Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.)
| | - Sukhpal Prehar
- From the Faculty of Life Sciences (H.T, S.W., S.K.C., W.L., X.W.) and Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences (M.Z., S.P., E.J.C.), University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, NY (Q.L.); and Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.)
| | - Qiangrong Liang
- From the Faculty of Life Sciences (H.T, S.W., S.K.C., W.L., X.W.) and Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences (M.Z., S.P., E.J.C.), University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, NY (Q.L.); and Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.)
| | - Elizabeth J. Cartwright
- From the Faculty of Life Sciences (H.T, S.W., S.K.C., W.L., X.W.) and Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences (M.Z., S.P., E.J.C.), University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, NY (Q.L.); and Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.)
| | - Ming Lei
- From the Faculty of Life Sciences (H.T, S.W., S.K.C., W.L., X.W.) and Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences (M.Z., S.P., E.J.C.), University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, NY (Q.L.); and Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.)
| | - Wei Liu
- From the Faculty of Life Sciences (H.T, S.W., S.K.C., W.L., X.W.) and Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences (M.Z., S.P., E.J.C.), University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, NY (Q.L.); and Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.)
| | - Xin Wang
- From the Faculty of Life Sciences (H.T, S.W., S.K.C., W.L., X.W.) and Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences (M.Z., S.P., E.J.C.), University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, NY (Q.L.); and Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (M.L.)
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Rodríguez JE, Liao JY, He J, Schisler JC, Newgard CB, Drujan D, Glass DJ, Frederick CB, Yoder BC, Lalush DS, Patterson C, Willis MS. The ubiquitin ligase MuRF1 regulates PPARα activity in the heart by enhancing nuclear export via monoubiquitination. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 413:36-48. [PMID: 26116825 PMCID: PMC4523404 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The transcriptional regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α by post-translational modification, such as ubiquitin, has not been described. We report here for the first time an ubiquitin ligase (muscle ring finger-1/MuRF1) that inhibits fatty acid oxidation by inhibiting PPARα, but not PPARβ/δ or PPARγ in cardiomyocytes in vitro. Similarly, MuRF1 Tg+ hearts showed significant decreases in nuclear PPARα activity and acyl-carnitine intermediates, while MuRF1-/- hearts exhibited increased PPARα activity and acyl-carnitine intermediates. MuRF1 directly interacts with PPARα, mono-ubiquitinates it, and targets it for nuclear export to inhibit fatty acid oxidation in a proteasome independent manner. We then identified a previously undescribed nuclear export sequence in PPARα, along with three specific lysines (292, 310, 388) required for MuRF1's targeting of nuclear export. These studies identify the role of ubiquitination in regulating cardiac PPARα, including the ubiquitin ligase that may be responsible for this critical regulation of cardiac metabolism in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E Rodríguez
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jie-Ying Liao
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jun He
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, PR China
| | - Jonathan C Schisler
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Christopher B Newgard
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center and the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Doreen Drujan
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David J Glass
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - C Brandon Frederick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bryan C Yoder
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - David S Lalush
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cam Patterson
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Presbyterian Hospital/Weill-Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Monte S Willis
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Jong CJ, Ito T, Schaffer SW. The ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy are defective in the taurine-deficient heart. Amino Acids 2015; 47:2609-22. [PMID: 26193770 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-015-2053-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Taurine depletion leads to impaired mitochondrial function, as characterized by reduced ATP production and elevated superoxide generation. These defects can fundamentally alter cardiomyocyte function and if left unchanged can result in cell death. To protect against these stresses, cardiomyocytes possess quality control processes, such as the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy, which can rejuvenate cells through the degradation of damaged proteins and organelles. Hence, the present study tested the hypothesis that reactive oxygen species generated by damaged mitochondria initiates UPS and autophagy in the taurine-deficient heart. Using transgenic mice lacking the taurine transporter (TauTKO) as a model of taurine deficiency, it was shown that the levels of ubiquitinated protein were elevated, an effect associated with a decrease in ATP-dependent 26S β5 proteasome activity. Treating the TauTKO mouse with the mitochondria-specific antioxidant, mitoTEMPO, largely abolished the increase in ubiquitinated protein content. The TauTKO heart was also associated with impaired autophagy, characterized by an increase in the initiator, Beclin-1, and autophagosome content, but a defect in the generation of active autophagolysosomes. Although mitoTEMPO treatment only restores the oxidative balance within the mitochondria, it appeared to completely disrupt the crosstalk between the damaged mitochondria and the quality control processes. Thus, mitochondrial oxidative stress is the main trigger initiating the quality control systems in the taurine-deficient heart. We conclude that the activation of the UPS and autophagy is another fundamental function of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chian Ju Jong
- Department of Pharmacology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Takashi Ito
- School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Stephen W Schaffer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA.
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Insulin down-regulates the expression of ubiquitin E3 ligases partially by inhibiting the activity and expression of AMP-activated protein kinase in L6 myotubes. Biosci Rep 2015; 35:BSR20150017. [PMID: 26193886 PMCID: PMC4613693 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20150017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We conclude that insulin inhibits AMPK through Akt phosphorylation in L6 myotubes, which may serve as a possible signalling pathway for the down-regulation of protein degradation. Besides, decreased expression of AMPK α2 may partially participate in inhibiting the activity of AMPK. While insulin is an anabolic hormone, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is not only a key energy regulator, but it can also control substrate metabolism directly by inducing skeletal muscle protein degradation. The hypothesis of the present study was that insulin inhibits AMPK and thus down-regulates the expression of the ubiquitin E3 ligases, muscle atrophy F-box (MAFbx) and muscle RING finger 1 (MuRF1) in skeletal muscle cells. Differentiated L6 myotubes were treated with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-4-ribofuranoside (AICAR) and/or compound C to stimulate and/or block AMPK respectively. These treatments were also conducted in the presence or absence of insulin and the cells were analysed by western blot and quantitative real-time PCR. In addition, nuleotide levels were determined using HPLC. The activation of AMPK with AICAR enhanced the mRNA levels of MAFbx and MuRF1. Insulin reduced the phosphorylation and activity AMPK, which was accompanied by reduced MAFbx and MuRF1 mRNA levels. Using a protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) inhibitor, we found that insulin regulates AMPK through the activation of Akt. Furthermore, insulin down-regulated AMPK α2 mRNA. We conclude that insulin inhibits AMPK through Akt phosphorylation in L6 myotubes, which may serve as a possible signalling pathway for the down-regulation of protein degradation. In addition, decreased expression of AMPK α2 may partially participate in inhibiting the activity of AMPK.
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Wu HC, Yamankurt G, Luo J, Subramaniam J, Hashmi SS, Hu H, Cunha SR. Identification and characterization of two ankyrin-B isoforms in mammalian heart. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 107:466-77. [PMID: 26109584 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Excitation-contraction coupling in cardiomyocytes requires the proper targeting and retention of membrane proteins to unique domains by adaptor proteins like ankyrin-B. While ankyrin-B has been shown to interact with a variety of membrane and structural proteins located at different subcellular domains in cardiomyocytes, what regulates the specificity of ankyrin-B for particular interacting proteins remains elusive. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we report the identification of two novel ankyrin-B isoforms AnkB-188 and AnkB-212 in human, rat, and mouse hearts. Novel cDNAs for both isoforms were isolated by long-range PCR of reverse-transcribed mRNA isolated from human ventricular tissue. The isoforms can be discriminated based on their function and subcellular distribution in cardiomyocytes. Heterologous overexpression of AnkB-188 increases sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) membrane expression and current, while selective knockdown of AnkB-188 in cardiomyocytes reduces NCX expression and localization in addition to causing irregular contraction rhythms. Using an isoform-specific antibody, we demonstrate that the expression of AnkB-212 is restricted to striated muscles and is localized to the M-line of cardiomyocytes by interacting with obscurin. Selective knockdown of AnkB-212 significantly attenuates the expression of endogenous ankyrin-B at the M-line but does not disrupt NCX expression at transverse tubules in cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSION The identification and characterization of two functionally distinct ankyrin-B isoforms in heart provide compelling evidence that alternative splicing of the ANK2 gene regulates the fidelity of ankyrin-B interactions with proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry C Wu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, MSE R331, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gokay Yamankurt
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - JiaLie Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Janani Subramaniam
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, MSE R331, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Syed Shahrukh Hashmi
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hongzhen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Shane R Cunha
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, MSE R331, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Exon organization and novel alternative splicing of Ank3 in mouse heart. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128177. [PMID: 26024478 PMCID: PMC4449188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Ankyrin-G is an adaptor protein that links membrane proteins to the underlying cytoskeletal network. Alternative splicing of the Ank3 gene gives rise to multiple ankyrin-G isoforms in numerous tissues. To date, only one ankyrin-G isoform has been characterized in heart and transcriptional regulation of the Ank3 gene is completely unknown. In this study, we describe the first comprehensive analysis of Ank3 expression in heart. Using a PCR-based screen of cardiac mRNA transcripts, we identify two new exons and 28 alternative splice variants of the Ank3 gene. We measure the relative expression of each splice variant using quantitative real-time PCR and exon-exon boundary spanning primers that specifically amplify individual Ank3 variants. Six variants are rarely expressed (<1%), while the remaining variants display similar expression patterns in three hearts. Of the five first exons in the Ank3 gene, exon 1d is only expressed in heart and skeletal muscle as it was not detected in brain, kidney, cerebellum, and lung. Immunoblot analysis reveals multiple ankyrin-G isoforms in heart, and two ankyrin-G subpopulations are detected in adult cardiomyocytes by immunofluorescence. One population co-localizes with the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.5 at the intercalated disc, while the other population expresses at the Z-line. Two of the rare splice variants excise a portion of the ZU5 motif, which encodes the minimal spectrin-binding domain, and these variants lack β-spectrin binding. Together, these data demonstrate that Ank3 is subject to complex splicing regulation resulting in a diverse population of ankyrin-G isoforms in heart.
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Jiao R, Postnikoff S, Harkness TA, Arnason TG. The SNF1 Kinase Ubiquitin-associated Domain Restrains Its Activation, Activity, and the Yeast Life Span. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:15393-15404. [PMID: 25869125 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.647032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The enzyme family of heterotrimeric AMP-dependent protein kinases is activated upon low energy states, conferring a switch toward energy-conserving metabolic pathways through immediate kinase actions on enzyme targets and delayed alterations in gene expression through its nuclear relocalization. This family is evolutionarily conserved, including the presence of a ubiquitin-associated (UBA) motif in most catalytic subunits. The potential for the UBA domain to promote protein associations or direct subcellular location, as seen in other UBA-containing proteins, led us to query whether the UBA domain within the yeast AMP-dependent protein kinase ortholog, SNF1 kinase, was important in these aspects of its regulation. Here, we demonstrate that conserved UBA motif mutations significantly alter SNF1 kinase activation and biological activity, including enhanced allosteric subunit associations and increased oxidative stress resistance and life span. Significantly, the enhanced UBA-dependent longevity and oxidative stress response are at least partially dependent on the Fkh1 and Fkh2 stress response transcription factors, which in turn are shown to influence Snf1 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubin Jiao
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology and University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Spike Postnikoff
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology and University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Troy A Harkness
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology and University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Terra G Arnason
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology and University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada; Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada.
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Drews O, Taegtmeyer H. Targeting the ubiquitin-proteasome system in heart disease: the basis for new therapeutic strategies. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:2322-43. [PMID: 25133688 PMCID: PMC4241867 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Novel therapeutic strategies to treat heart failure are greatly needed. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) affects the structure and function of cardiac cells through targeted degradation of signaling and structural proteins. This review discusses both beneficial and detrimental consequences of modulating the UPS in the heart. RECENT ADVANCES Proteasome inhibitors were first used to test the role of the UPS in cardiac disease phenotypes, indicating therapeutic potential. In early cardiac remodeling and pathological hypertrophy with increased proteasome activities, proteasome inhibition prevented or restricted disease progression and contractile dysfunction. Conversely, enhancing proteasome activities by genetic manipulation, pharmacological intervention, or ischemic preconditioning also improved the outcome of cardiomyopathies and infarcted hearts with impaired cardiac and UPS function, which is, at least in part, caused by oxidative damage. CRITICAL ISSUES An understanding of the UPS status and the underlying mechanisms for its potential deregulation in cardiac disease is critical for targeted interventions. Several studies indicate that type and stage of cardiac disease influence the dynamics of UPS regulation in a nonlinear and multifactorial manner. Proteasome inhibitors targeting all proteasome complexes are associated with cardiotoxicity in humans. Furthermore, the type and dosage of proteasome inhibitor impact the pathogenesis in nonuniform ways. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Systematic analysis and targeting of individual UPS components with established and innovative tools will unravel and discriminate regulatory mechanisms that contribute to and protect against the progression of cardiac disease. Integrating this knowledge in drug design may reduce adverse effects on the heart as observed in patients treated with proteasome inhibitors against noncardiac diseases, especially cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Drews
- 1 Division of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology , Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Zhao J, Miyamoto S, You YH, Sharma K. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation inhibits nuclear translocation of Smad4 in mesangial cells and diabetic kidneys. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014; 308:F1167-77. [PMID: 25428125 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00234.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is characterized by diffuse mesangial matrix expansion and is largely dependent on the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Smad4 is required for TGF-β signaling; however, its regulation has not been well characterized in diabetic kidney disease. Here, we report that high glucose is sufficient to stimulate nuclear translocation of Smad4 in mesangial cells and that stimulation of the major energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has a potent effect to block Smad4 nuclear translocation. Activation of AMPK by 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR) inhibited high glucose-induced and TGF-β stimulation of nuclear Smad4. To identify which of the catalytic α-subunits may be involved, small interfering (si) RNA-based inhibition of AMPK α1- or α2-subunit was employed. Inhibition of either subunit reduced overall AMPK activity and contributed to Smad4 nuclear accumulation. In an animal model of early diabetic kidney disease, induction of diabetes was found to markedly stimulate Smad4 protein levels and enhance nuclear accumulation. AMPK activation with AICAR completely prevented the upregulation of Smad4 and reduced mesangial matrix accumulation. We conclude that stimulation of Smad4 in cell culture and in in vivo models of early diabetic kidney disease is dependent on AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghong Zhao
- Center for Renal Translational Medicine, Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, University of California, La Jolla, California; Institute of Nephrology of Chongqing and Department of Nephrology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and
| | - Satoshi Miyamoto
- Center for Renal Translational Medicine, Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, University of California, La Jolla, California; Veterans Administration San Diego HealthCare System, La Jolla, California
| | - Young-Hyun You
- Center for Renal Translational Medicine, Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, University of California, La Jolla, California; Veterans Administration San Diego HealthCare System, La Jolla, California
| | - Kumar Sharma
- Center for Renal Translational Medicine, Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, University of California, La Jolla, California; Veterans Administration San Diego HealthCare System, La Jolla, California
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Taegtmeyer H, Lubrano G. Rethinking cardiac metabolism: metabolic cycles to refuel and rebuild the failing heart. F1000PRIME REPORTS 2014; 6:90. [PMID: 25374668 PMCID: PMC4191265 DOI: 10.12703/p6-90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The heart is a self-renewing biological pump that converts chemical energy into mechanical energy. The entire process of energy conversion is subject to complex regulation at the transcriptional, translational and post-translational levels. Within this system, energy transfer occurs with high efficiency, facilitated by a series of compound-conserved cycles. At the same time, the constituent myocardial proteins themselves are continuously made and degraded in order to adjust to changes in energy demand and changes in the extracellular environment. We recently have identified signals arising from intermediary metabolism that regulate the cycle of myocardial protein turnover. Using a new conceptual framework, we discuss the principle of metabolic cycles and their importance for refueling and for rebuilding the failing heart.
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45
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Ronnebaum SM, Patterson C, Schisler JC. Minireview: hey U(PS): metabolic and proteolytic homeostasis linked via AMPK and the ubiquitin proteasome system. Mol Endocrinol 2014; 28:1602-15. [PMID: 25099013 DOI: 10.1210/me.2014-1180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the master regulators of both glucose and lipid cellular metabolism is 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). As a metabolic pivot that dynamically responds to shifts in nutrient availability and stress, AMPK dysregulation is implicated in the underlying molecular pathology of a variety of diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, neurological diseases, and aging. Although the regulation of AMPK enzymatic activity by upstream kinases is an active area of research, less is known about regulation of AMPK protein stability and activity by components of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), the cellular machinery responsible for both the recognition and degradation of proteins. Furthermore, there is growing evidence that AMPK regulates overall proteasome activity and individual components of the UPS. This review serves to identify the current understanding of the interplay between AMPK and the UPS and to promote further exploration of the relationship between these regulators of energy use and amino acid availability within the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Ronnebaum
- McAllister Heart Institute (S.M.R., J.C.S.) and Department of Pharmacology (J.C.S.), The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599; and Presbyterian Hospital/Weill-Cornell Medical Center (C.P.), New York, New York 10065
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Drews O. The left and right ventricle in the grip of protein degradation: Similarities and unique patterns in regulation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 72:52-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Campen MJ, Paffett ML, Colombo ES, Lucas SN, Anderson T, Nysus M, Norenberg JP, Gershman B, Hesterman J, Hoppin J, Willis M. Muscle RING finger-1 promotes a maladaptive phenotype in chronic hypoxia-induced right ventricular remodeling. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97084. [PMID: 24811453 PMCID: PMC4014601 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to chronic hypoxia (CH) induces elevated pulmonary artery pressure/resistance, leading to an eventual maladaptive right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). Muscle RING finger-1 (MuRF1) is a muscle-specific ubiquitin ligase that mediates myocyte atrophy and has been shown to play a role in left ventricular hypertrophy and altered cardiac bioenergetics in pressure overloaded hearts. However, little is known about the contribution of MuRF1 impacting RVH in the setting of CH. Therefore, we hypothesized that MuRF1 deletion would enhance RVH compared to their wild-type littermates, while cardiac-specific overexpression would reduce hypertrophy following CH-induced pulmonary hypertension. We assessed right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), right ventricle to left ventricle plus septal weight ratio (RV/LV+S) and hematocrit (Hct) following a 3-wk isobaric CH exposure. Additionally, we conducted dual-isotope SPECT/CT imaging with cardiac function agent 201Tl-chloride and cell death agent 99mTc-annexin V. Predictably, CH induced pulmonary hypertension, measured by increased RVSP, RV/LV+S and Hct in WT mice compared to normoxic WT mice. Normoxic WT and MuRF1-null mice exhibited no significant differences in RVSP, RV/LV+S or Hct. CH-induced increases in RVSP were also similar between WT and MuRF1-null mice; however, RV/LV+S and Hct were significantly elevated in CH-exposed MuRF1-null mice compared to WT. In cardiac-specific MuRF1 overexpressing mice, RV/LV+S increased significantly due to CH exposure, even greater than in WT mice. This remodeling appeared eccentric, maladaptive and led to reduced systemic perfusion. In conclusion, these results are consistent with an atrophic role for MuRF1 regulating the magnitude of right ventricular hypertrophy following CH-induction of pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Campen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Michael L. Paffett
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - E. Sage Colombo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Selita N. Lucas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Tamara Anderson
- Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Program, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Monique Nysus
- Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Program, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey P. Norenberg
- Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Program, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Ben Gershman
- inviCRO, LLC., Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jacob Hesterman
- inviCRO, LLC., Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jack Hoppin
- inviCRO, LLC., Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Monte Willis
- McAllister Heart Institute and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
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Reineke EL, Benham A, Soibam B, Stashi E, Taegtmeyer H, Entman ML, Schwartz RJ, O'Malley BW. Steroid receptor coactivator-2 is a dual regulator of cardiac transcription factor function. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:17721-31. [PMID: 24811170 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.539908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated the potential role of steroid receptor coactivator-2 (SRC-2) as a co-regulator in the transcription of critical molecules modulating cardiac function and metabolism in normal and stressed hearts. The present study seeks to extend the previous information by demonstrating SRC-2 fulfills this role by serving as a critical coactivator for the transcription and activity of critical transcription factors known to control cardiac growth and metabolism as well as in their downstream signaling. This knowledge broadens our understanding of the mechanism by which SRC-2 acts in normal and stressed hearts and allows further investigation of the transcriptional modifications mediating different types and degrees of cardiac stress. Moreover, the genetic manipulation of SRC-2 in this study is specific for the heart and thereby eliminating potential indirect effects of SRC-2 deletion in other organs. We have shown that SRC-2 is critical to transcriptional control modulated by MEF2, GATA-4, and Tbx5, thereby enhancing gene expression associated with cardiac growth. Additionally, we describe SRC-2 as a novel regulator of PPARα expression, thus controlling critical steps in metabolic gene expression. We conclude that through regulation of cardiac transcription factor expression and activity, SRC-2 is a critical transcriptional regulator of genes important for cardiac growth, structure, and metabolism, three of the main pathways altered during the cardiac stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Reineke
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Ashley Benham
- the Stem Cell Engineering Department, Texas Heart Institute at St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Benjamin Soibam
- the Stem Cell Engineering Department, Texas Heart Institute at St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Erin Stashi
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Heinrich Taegtmeyer
- the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Mark L Entman
- the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, and
| | - Robert J Schwartz
- the Stem Cell Engineering Department, Texas Heart Institute at St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, the Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030,
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Carley AN, Taegtmeyer H, Lewandowski ED. Matrix revisited: mechanisms linking energy substrate metabolism to the function of the heart. Circ Res 2014; 114:717-29. [PMID: 24526677 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.114.301863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic signaling mechanisms are increasingly recognized to mediate the cellular response to alterations in workload demand, as a consequence of physiological and pathophysiological challenges. Thus, an understanding of the metabolic mechanisms coordinating activity in the cytosol with the energy-providing pathways in the mitochondrial matrix becomes critical for deepening our insights into the pathogenic changes that occur in the stressed cardiomyocyte. Processes that exchange both metabolic intermediates and cations between the cytosol and mitochondria enable transduction of dynamic changes in contractile state to the mitochondrial compartment of the cell. Disruption of such metabolic transduction pathways has severe consequences for the energetic support of contractile function in the heart and is implicated in the pathogenesis of heart failure. Deficiencies in metabolic reserve and impaired metabolic transduction in the cardiomyocyte can result from inherent deficiencies in metabolic phenotype or maladaptive changes in metabolic enzyme expression and regulation in the response to pathogenic stress. This review examines both current and emerging concepts of the functional linkage between the cytosol and the mitochondrial matrix with a specific focus on metabolic reserve and energetic efficiency. These principles of exchange and transport mechanisms across the mitochondrial membrane are reviewed for the failing heart from the perspectives of chronic pressure overload and diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew N Carley
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago IL (A.N.C., E.D.L.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (H.T.)
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Kwartler CS, Chen J, Thakur D, Li S, Baskin K, Wang S, Wang ZV, Walker L, Hill JA, Epstein HF, Taegtmeyer H, Milewicz DM. Overexpression of smooth muscle myosin heavy chain leads to activation of the unfolded protein response and autophagic turnover of thick filament-associated proteins in vascular smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:14075-88. [PMID: 24711452 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.499277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Duplications spanning nine genes at the genomic locus 16p13.1 predispose individuals to acute aortic dissections. The most likely candidate gene in this region leading to the predisposition for dissection is MYH11, which encodes smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SM-MHC). The effects of increased expression of MYH11 on smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotypes were explored using mouse aortic SMCs with transgenic overexpression of one isoform of SM-MHC. We found that these cells show increased expression of Myh11 and myosin filament-associated contractile genes at the message level when compared with control SMCs, but not at the protein level due to increased protein degradation. Increased expression of Myh11 resulted in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in SMCs, which led to a paradoxical decrease of protein levels through increased autophagic degradation. An additional consequence of ER stress in SMCs was increased intracellular calcium ion concentration, resulting in increased contractile signaling and contraction. The increased signals for contraction further promote transcription of contractile genes, leading to a feedback loop of metabolic abnormalities in these SMCs. We suggest that overexpression of MYH11 can lead to increased ER stress and autophagy, findings that may be globally implicated in disease processes associated with genomic duplications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiyuan Chen
- From the Departments of Internal Medicine and
| | - Dhananjay Thakur
- Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Shumin Li
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555
| | | | | | - Zhao V Wang
- the Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, and
| | - Lori Walker
- the Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado 80217
| | - Joseph A Hill
- the Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, and
| | - Henry F Epstein
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555
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