1
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Challa AA, Vidal P, Maurya SK, Maurya CK, Baer LA, Wang Y, James NM, Pardeshi PJ, Fasano M, Carley AN, Stanford KI, Lewandowski ED. UCP1-dependent brown adipose activation accelerates cardiac metabolic remodeling and reduces initial hypertrophic and fibrotic responses to pathological stress. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23709. [PMID: 38809700 PMCID: PMC11163965 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400922r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is correlated to cardiovascular health in rodents and humans, but the physiological role of BAT in the initial cardiac remodeling at the onset of stress is unknown. Activation of BAT via 48 h cold (16°C) in mice following transverse aortic constriction (TAC) reduced cardiac gene expression for LCFA uptake and oxidation in male mice and accelerated the onset of cardiac metabolic remodeling, with an early isoform shift of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) toward increased CPT1a, reduced entry of long chain fatty acid (LCFA) into oxidative metabolism (0.59 ± 0.02 vs. 0.72 ± 0.02 in RT TAC hearts, p < .05) and increased carbohydrate oxidation with altered glucose transporter content. BAT activation with TAC reduced early hypertrophic expression of β-MHC by 61% versus RT-TAC and reduced pro-fibrotic TGF-β1 and COL3α1 expression. While cardiac natriuretic peptide expression was yet to increase at only 3 days TAC, Nppa and Nppb expression were elevated in Cold TAC versus RT TAC hearts 2.7- and 2.4-fold, respectively. Eliminating BAT thermogenic activation with UCP1 KO mice eliminated differences between Cold TAC and RT TAC hearts, confirming effects of BAT activation rather than autonomous cardiac responses to cold. Female responses to BAT activation were blunted, with limited UCP1 changes with cold, partly due to already activated BAT in females at RT compared to thermoneutrality. These data reveal a previously unknown physiological mechanism of UCP1-dependent BAT activation in attenuating early cardiac hypertrophic and profibrotic signaling and accelerating remodeled metabolic activity in the heart at the onset of cardiac stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azariyas A. Challa
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Pablo Vidal
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH., 43210, USA
- Department of Surgery, General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University. Columbus, OH., 43210, USA
| | - Santosh K. Maurya
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Chandan K. Maurya
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Lisa A. Baer
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH., 43210, USA
- Department of Surgery, General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University. Columbus, OH., 43210, USA
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Natasha Maria James
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH., 43210, USA
- Department of Surgery, General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University. Columbus, OH., 43210, USA
| | - Parth J. Pardeshi
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH., 43210, USA
- Department of Surgery, General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University. Columbus, OH., 43210, USA
| | - Matthew Fasano
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Andrew N. Carley
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Kristin I. Stanford
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH., 43210, USA
- Department of Surgery, General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University. Columbus, OH., 43210, USA
| | - E. Douglas Lewandowski
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University. Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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2
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Wei J, Duan X, Chen J, Zhang D, Xu J, Zhuang J, Wang S. Metabolic adaptations in pressure overload hypertrophic heart. Heart Fail Rev 2024; 29:95-111. [PMID: 37768435 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-023-10353-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
This review article offers a detailed examination of metabolic adaptations in pressure overload hypertrophic hearts, a condition that plays a pivotal role in the progression of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) to heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The paper delves into the complex interplay between various metabolic pathways, including glucose metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, branched-chain amino acid metabolism, and ketone body metabolism. In-depth insights into the shifts in substrate utilization, the role of different transporter proteins, and the potential impact of hypoxia-induced injuries are discussed. Furthermore, potential therapeutic targets and strategies that could minimize myocardial injury and promote cardiac recovery in the context of pressure overload hypertrophy (POH) are examined. This work aims to contribute to a better understanding of metabolic adaptations in POH, highlighting the need for further research on potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Wei
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuefei Duan
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaying Chen
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dengwen Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jindong Xu
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Zhuang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Sheng Wang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Linzhi People's Hospital, Linzhi, Tibet, China.
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3
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Lewandowski ED. Metabolic flux in the driver's seat during cardiac health and disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 182:15-24. [PMID: 37451081 PMCID: PMC10529670 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac function is a dynamic process that must adjust efficiently to the immediate demands of physical state and activity. So too, the metabolic support of cardiac function is a dynamic process that must respond, in time, to the demands of cardiac function and viability. Flux through metabolic pathways provides chemical energy and generates signaling molecules that regulate activity among intracellular compartments to meet these demands. Thus, flux through metabolic pathways provides a dynamic mode of support of cardiomyocytes during physiological and pathophysiological challenges. Any inability of metabolic flux to keep pace with the demands of the cardiomyocyte results in progressive dysfunction that contributes to cardiac disease. Thus, the priority in maintaining and regulating flux through metabolic pathways in the cardiomyocyte cannot be understated. Great potential exists in current efforts to elucidate metabolic mechanisms as therapeutic targets for the diseased heart. As a consequence, detecting metabolic flux in the functioning myocardium of the heart, under normal and diseased conditions, is essential in elucidating the metabolic basis of contractile dysfunction. As a companion to the 2022 ISHR Research Achievement Award lecture, this review examines the use and applications of stable isotope kinetics to quantify metabolic flux through intermediary pathways and the exchange and transport of intermediates across the mitochondrial membrane and sarcolemma of intact functioning hearts in determining how these intracellular events are coordinated to support cardiac function and health. Finally, this work reviews recently demonstrated metabolic defects in diseased hearts and the potential for metabolic alleviation of heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Douglas Lewandowski
- Department of Internal Medicine and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America.
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4
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Li X, Bi X. Integrated Control of Fatty Acid Metabolism in Heart Failure. Metabolites 2023; 13:615. [PMID: 37233656 PMCID: PMC10220550 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Disrupted fatty acid metabolism is one of the most important metabolic features in heart failure. The heart obtains energy from fatty acids via oxidation. However, heart failure results in markedly decreased fatty acid oxidation and is accompanied by the accumulation of excess lipid moieties that lead to cardiac lipotoxicity. Herein, we summarized and discussed the current understanding of the integrated regulation of fatty acid metabolism (including fatty acid uptake, lipogenesis, lipolysis, and fatty acid oxidation) in the pathogenesis of heart failure. The functions of many enzymes and regulatory factors in fatty acid homeostasis were characterized. We reviewed their contributions to the development of heart failure and highlighted potential targets that may serve as promising new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xukun Bi
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China;
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Capone F, Sotomayor-Flores C, Bode D, Wang R, Rodolico D, Strocchi S, Schiattarella GG. Cardiac metabolism in HFpEF: from fuel to signalling. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 118:3556-3575. [PMID: 36504368 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is marked by distinctive changes in myocardial uptake and utilization of energy substrates. Among the different types of HF, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a highly prevalent, complex, and heterogeneous condition for which metabolic derangements seem to dictate disease progression. Changes in intermediate metabolism in cardiometabolic HFpEF-among the most prevalent forms of HFpEF-have a large impact both on energy provision and on a number of signalling pathways in the heart. This dual, metabolic vs. signalling, role is played in particular by long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) and short-chain carbon sources [namely, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and ketone bodies (KBs)]. LCFAs are key fuels for the heart, but their excess can be harmful, as in the case of toxic accumulation of lipid by-products (i.e. lipotoxicity). SCFAs and KBs have been proposed as a potential major, alternative source of energy in HFpEF. At the same time, both LCFAs and short-chain carbon sources are substrate for protein post-translational modifications and other forms of direct and indirect signalling of pivotal importance in HFpEF pathogenesis. An in-depth molecular understanding of the biological functions of energy substrates and their signalling role will be instrumental in the development of novel therapeutic approaches to HFpEF. Here, we summarize the current evidence on changes in energy metabolism in HFpEF, discuss the signalling role of intermediate metabolites through, at least in part, their fate as substrates for post-translational modifications, and highlight clinical and translational challenges around metabolic therapy in HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Capone
- Translational Approaches in Heart Failure and Cardiometabolic Disease, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Cristian Sotomayor-Flores
- Max Rubner Center for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research (MRC), Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Bode
- Max Rubner Center for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research (MRC), Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rongling Wang
- Max Rubner Center for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research (MRC), Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniele Rodolico
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Strocchi
- Translational Approaches in Heart Failure and Cardiometabolic Disease, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriele G Schiattarella
- Translational Approaches in Heart Failure and Cardiometabolic Disease, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,Max Rubner Center for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research (MRC), Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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6
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Goddi A, Carmona A, Park SY, Dalgin G, Gonzalez Porras MA, Brey EM, Cohen RN. Laminin-α4 Negatively Regulates Adipocyte Beiging Through the Suppression of AMPKα in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6704644. [PMID: 36124842 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Laminin-α4 (LAMA4) is an extracellular matrix protein implicated in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation and function. Prior research describes a role for LAMA4 in modulating adipocyte thermogenesis and uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) expression in white adipose; however, the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Here, we describe that Lama4 knockout mice (Lama4-/-) exhibit heightened mitochondrial biogenesis and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 (PGC-1) expression in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT). Furthermore, the acute silencing of LAMA4 with small interfering RNA in primary murine adipocytes was sufficient to upregulate the expression of thermogenic markers UCP1 and PR domain containing 16 (PRDM16). Silencing also resulted in an upregulation of PGC1-α and adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-α expression. Subsequently, we show that integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is downregulated in the sWAT of Lama4-/- mice, and its silencing in adipocytes similarly resulted in elevated expression of UCP1 and AMPKα. Last, we demonstrate that treatment of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived thermogenic adipocytes with LAMA4 (LN411) inhibited the expression of thermogenic markers and AMPKα. Overall, our results indicate that LAMA4 negatively regulates a thermogenic phenotype and pathways involving mitochondrial biogenesis in adipocytes through the suppression of AMPKα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Goddi
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Alanis Carmona
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Soo-Young Park
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Gokhan Dalgin
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Maria A Gonzalez Porras
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, USA
| | - Eric M Brey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, USA
| | - Ronald N Cohen
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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7
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Abstract
As a muscular pump that contracts incessantly throughout life, the heart must constantly generate cellular energy to support contractile function and fuel ionic pumps to maintain electrical homeostasis. Thus, mitochondrial metabolism of multiple metabolic substrates such as fatty acids, glucose, ketones, and lactate is essential to ensuring an uninterrupted supply of ATP. Multiple metabolic pathways converge to maintain myocardial energy homeostasis. The regulation of these cardiac metabolic pathways has been intensely studied for many decades. Rapid adaptation of these pathways is essential for mediating the myocardial adaptation to stress, and dysregulation of these pathways contributes to myocardial pathophysiology as occurs in heart failure and in metabolic disorders such as diabetes. The regulation of these pathways reflects the complex interactions of cell-specific regulatory pathways, neurohumoral signals, and changes in substrate availability in the circulation. Significant advances have been made in the ability to study metabolic regulation in the heart, and animal models have played a central role in contributing to this knowledge. This review will summarize metabolic pathways in the heart and describe their contribution to maintaining myocardial contractile function in health and disease. The review will summarize lessons learned from animal models with altered systemic metabolism and those in which specific metabolic regulatory pathways have been genetically altered within the heart. The relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic regulators of cardiac metabolism and the pathophysiology of heart failure and how these have been informed by animal models will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Bugger
- University Heart Center Graz, Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria, Austria (H.B., N.J.B.)
| | - Nikole J Byrne
- University Heart Center Graz, Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria, Austria (H.B., N.J.B.)
| | - E Dale Abel
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (E.D.A.)
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8
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Short-Chain Carbon Sources. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2022; 7:730-742. [PMID: 35958686 PMCID: PMC9357564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed world, highlighting the urgent need for novel, effective therapeutics. Recent studies support the proposition that improved myocardial energetics as a result of ketone body (KB) oxidation may account for the intriguing beneficial effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in patients with HF. Similar small molecules, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are now realized to be preferentially oxidized over KBs in failing hearts, contradicting the notion of KBs as a rescue "superfuel." In addition to KBs and SCFAs being alternative fuels, both exert a wide array of nonmetabolic functions, including molecular signaling and epigenetics and as effectors of inflammation and immunity, blood pressure regulation, and oxidative stress. In this review, the authors present a perspective supported by new evidence that the metabolic and unique nonmetabolic activities of KBs and SCFAs hold promise for treatment of patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction and those with HF with preserved ejection fraction.
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9
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Beuchel C, Dittrich J, Pott J, Henger S, Beutner F, Isermann B, Loeffler M, Thiery J, Ceglarek U, Scholz M. Whole Blood Metabolite Profiles Reflect Changes in Energy Metabolism in Heart Failure. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12030216. [PMID: 35323659 PMCID: PMC8949022 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12030216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A variety of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) phenotypes are tightly linked to changes in the cardiac energy metabolism that can lead to a loss of metabolic flexibility and to unfavorable clinical outcomes. We conducted an association analysis of 31 ASCVD phenotypes and 97 whole blood amino acids, acylcarnitines and derived ratios in the LIFE-Adult (n = 9646) and LIFE-Heart (n = 5860) studies, respectively. In addition to hundreds of significant associations, a total of 62 associations of six phenotypes were found in both studies. Positive associations of various amino acids and a range of acylcarnitines with decreasing cardiovascular health indicate disruptions in mitochondrial, as well as peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation. We complemented our metabolite association analyses with whole blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) gene-expression analyses of fatty acid oxidation and ketone-body metabolism related genes. This revealed several differential expressions for the heart failure biomarker N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) gene expression. Finally, we constructed and compared three prediction models of significant stenosis in the LIFE-Heart study using (1) traditional risk factors only, (2) the metabolite panel only and (3) a combined model. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) comparison of these three models shows an improved prediction accuracy for the combined metabolite and classical risk factor model (AUC = 0.78, 95%-CI: 0.76–0.80). In conclusion, we improved our understanding of metabolic implications of ASCVD phenotypes by observing associations with metabolite concentrations and gene expression of the mitochondrial and peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation. Additionally, we demonstrated the predictive potential of the metabolite profile to improve classification of patients with significant stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Beuchel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany; (J.P.); (S.H.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (U.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Julia Dittrich
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (J.D.); (B.I.); (J.T.)
| | - Janne Pott
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany; (J.P.); (S.H.); (M.L.)
- LIFE—Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sylvia Henger
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany; (J.P.); (S.H.); (M.L.)
- LIFE—Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Berend Isermann
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (J.D.); (B.I.); (J.T.)
| | - Markus Loeffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany; (J.P.); (S.H.); (M.L.)
- LIFE—Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joachim Thiery
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (J.D.); (B.I.); (J.T.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Christian-Albrecht University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Uta Ceglarek
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (J.D.); (B.I.); (J.T.)
- LIFE—Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (U.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany; (J.P.); (S.H.); (M.L.)
- LIFE—Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- IFB AdiposityDiseases, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (U.C.); (M.S.)
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10
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Abstract
Alterations in cardiac energy metabolism contribute to the severity of heart failure. However, the energy metabolic changes that occur in heart failure are complex and are dependent not only on the severity and type of heart failure present but also on the co-existence of common comorbidities such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. The failing heart faces an energy deficit, primarily because of a decrease in mitochondrial oxidative capacity. This is partly compensated for by an increase in ATP production from glycolysis. The relative contribution of the different fuels for mitochondrial ATP production also changes, including a decrease in glucose and amino acid oxidation, and an increase in ketone oxidation. The oxidation of fatty acids by the heart increases or decreases, depending on the type of heart failure. For instance, in heart failure associated with diabetes and obesity, myocardial fatty acid oxidation increases, while in heart failure associated with hypertension or ischemia, myocardial fatty acid oxidation decreases. Combined, these energy metabolic changes result in the failing heart becoming less efficient (ie, a decrease in cardiac work/O2 consumed). The alterations in both glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in the failing heart are due to both transcriptional changes in key enzymes involved in these metabolic pathways, as well as alterations in NAD redox state (NAD+ and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide levels) and metabolite signaling that contribute to posttranslational epigenetic changes in the control of expression of genes encoding energy metabolic enzymes. Alterations in the fate of glucose, beyond flux through glycolysis or glucose oxidation, also contribute to the pathology of heart failure. Of importance, pharmacological targeting of the energy metabolic pathways has emerged as a novel therapeutic approach to improving cardiac efficiency, decreasing the energy deficit and improving cardiac function in the failing heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary D Lopaschuk
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (G.D.L., Q.G.K.)
| | - Qutuba G Karwi
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (G.D.L., Q.G.K.)
| | - Rong Tian
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington, Seattle (R.T.)
| | - Adam R Wende
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (A.R.W.)
| | - E Dale Abel
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (E.D.A.).,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City (E.D.A.)
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11
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Carley AN, Maurya SK, Fasano M, Wang Y, Selzman CH, Drakos SG, Lewandowski ED. Short-Chain Fatty Acids Outpace Ketone Oxidation in the Failing Heart. Circulation 2021; 143:1797-1808. [PMID: 33601938 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.052671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The failing heart is energy starved with impaired oxidation of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) at the level of reduced CPT1 (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1) activity at the outer mitochondrial membrane. Recent work shows elevated ketone oxidation in failing hearts as an alternate carbon source for oxidative ATP generation. We hypothesized that another short-chain carbon source, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that bypass carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, could similarly support energy production in failing hearts. METHODS Cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction were induced in rats by transverse-aortic constriction (TAC). Fourteen weeks after TAC or sham operation, isolated hearts were perfused with either the 4 carbon, 13C-labeled ketone (D3-hydroxybutyrate) or the 4 carbon, 13C-labeled SCFA butyrate in the presence of glucose and the LCFA palmitate. Oxidation of ketone and SCFA was compared by in vitro 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, as was the capacity for short-chain carbon sources to compensate for impaired LCFA oxidation in the hypertrophic heart. Adaptive changes in enzyme expression and content for the distinct pathways of ketone and SCFA oxidation were examined in both failing rat and human hearts. RESULTS TAC produced pathological hypertrophy and increased the fractional contributions of ketone to acetyl coenzyme-A production in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (0.60±0.02 sham ketone versus 0.70±0.02 TAC ketone; P<0.05). However, butyrate oxidation in failing hearts was 15% greater (0.803±0.020 TAC SCFA) than ketone oxidation. SCFA was also more readily oxidized than ketone in sham hearts by 15% (0.693±0.020 sham SCFA). Despite greater SFCA oxidation, TAC did not change short-chain acyl coenzyme-A dehydrogenase content. However, failing hearts of humans and the rat model both contain significant increases in acyl coenzyme-A synthetase medium-chain 3 enzyme gene expression and protein content. The increased oxidation of SCFA and ketones occurred at the expense of LCFA oxidation, with LCFA contributing less to acetyl coenzyme-A production in failing hearts perfused with SCFA (0.190±0.012 TAC SCFA versus 0.3163±0.0360 TAC ketone). CONCLUSIONS SCFAs are more readily oxidized than ketones in failing hearts, despite both bypassing reduced CPT1 activity and represent an unexplored carbon source for energy production in failing hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew N Carley
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus (A.N.C., S.K.M., M.F., Y.W., E.D.L.)
| | - Santosh K Maurya
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus (A.N.C., S.K.M., M.F., Y.W., E.D.L.)
| | - Matthew Fasano
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus (A.N.C., S.K.M., M.F., Y.W., E.D.L.)
| | - Yang Wang
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus (A.N.C., S.K.M., M.F., Y.W., E.D.L.)
| | - Craig H Selzman
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (C.H.S., S.G.D.).,Divisions of Cardiothoracic Surgery (C.H.S.), University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City
| | - Stavros G Drakos
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (C.H.S., S.G.D.).,Divisions of Cardiothoracic Surgery (C.H.S.), University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City
| | - E Douglas Lewandowski
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus (A.N.C., S.K.M., M.F., Y.W., E.D.L.)
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12
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Cellular, mitochondrial and molecular alterations associate with early left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in a porcine model of diabetic metabolic derangement. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13173. [PMID: 32764569 PMCID: PMC7413251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68637-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetic metabolic derangement (DMetD) has increased dramatically over the last decades. Although there is increasing evidence that DMetD is associated with cardiac dysfunction, the early DMetD-induced myocardial alterations remain incompletely understood. Here, we studied early DMetD-related cardiac changes in a clinically relevant large animal model. DMetD was established in adult male Göttingen miniswine by streptozotocin injections and a high-fat, high-sugar diet, while control animals remained on normal pig chow. Five months later left ventricular (LV) function was assessed by echocardiography and hemodynamic measurements, followed by comprehensive biochemical, molecular and histological analyses. Robust DMetD developed, evidenced by hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. DMetD resulted in altered LV nitroso-redox balance, increased superoxide production—principally due to endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling—reduced nitric oxide (NO) production, alterations in myocardial gene-expression—particularly genes related to glucose and fatty acid metabolism—and mitochondrial dysfunction. These abnormalities were accompanied by increased passive force of isolated cardiomyocytes, and impaired LV diastolic function, evidenced by reduced LV peak untwist velocity and increased E/e′. However, LV weight, volume, collagen content, and cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area were unchanged at this stage of DMetD. In conclusion, DMetD, in a clinically relevant large-animal model results in myocardial oxidative stress, eNOS uncoupling and reduced NO production, together with an altered metabolic gene expression profile and mitochondrial dysfunction. These molecular alterations are associated with stiffening of the cardiomyocytes and early diastolic dysfunction before any structural cardiac remodeling occurs. Therapies should be directed to ameliorate these early DMetD-induced myocardial changes to prevent the development of overt cardiac failure.
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13
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Lewandowski ED, Goldenberg JR, Carley AN, Schulze PC. Response by Lewandowski et al to Letter Regarding Article, "Preservation of Acyl Coenzyme A Attenuates Pathological and Metabolic Cardiac Remodeling Through Selective Lipid Trafficking". Circulation 2019; 140:e764-e765. [PMID: 31682528 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.043152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Douglas Lewandowski
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus (E.D.L., A.N.C.).,Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus (E.D.L., A.N.C.)
| | - Joseph R Goldenberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago (J.R.G.).,Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Hospitals, IL (J.R.G.)
| | - Andrew N Carley
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus (E.D.L., A.N.C.).,Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus (E.D.L., A.N.C.)
| | - P Christian Schulze
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Germany (P.C.S.)
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14
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Koop AMC, Bossers GPL, Ploegstra MJ, Hagdorn QAJ, Berger RMF, Silljé HHW, Bartelds B. Metabolic Remodeling in the Pressure-Loaded Right Ventricle: Shifts in Glucose and Fatty Acid Metabolism-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e012086. [PMID: 31657265 PMCID: PMC6898858 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.012086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Right ventricular (RV) failure because of chronic pressure load is an important determinant of outcome in pulmonary hypertension. Progression towards RV failure is characterized by diastolic dysfunction, fibrosis and metabolic dysregulation. Metabolic modulation has been suggested as therapeutic option, yet, metabolic dysregulation may have various faces in different experimental models and disease severity. In this systematic review and meta‐analysis, we aimed to identify metabolic changes in the pressure loaded RV and formulate recommendations required to optimize translation between animal models and human disease. Methods and Results Medline and EMBASE were searched to identify original studies describing cardiac metabolic variables in the pressure loaded RV. We identified mostly rat‐models, inducing pressure load by hypoxia, Sugen‐hypoxia, monocrotaline (MCT), pulmonary artery banding (PAB) or strain (fawn hooded rats, FHR), and human studies. Meta‐analysis revealed increased Hedges’ g (effect size) of the gene expression of GLUT1 and HK1 and glycolytic flux. The expression of MCAD was uniformly decreased. Mitochondrial respiratory capacity and fatty acid uptake varied considerably between studies, yet there was a model effect in carbohydrate respiratory capacity in MCT‐rats. Conclusions This systematic review and meta‐analysis on metabolic remodeling in the pressure‐loaded RV showed a consistent increase in glucose uptake and glycolysis, strongly suggest a downregulation of beta‐oxidation, and showed divergent and model‐specific changes regarding fatty acid uptake and oxidative metabolism. To translate metabolic results from animal models to human disease, more extensive characterization, including function, and uniformity in methodology and studied variables, will be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie C Koop
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology University Medical Center Groningen Center for Congenital Heart Diseases University of Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Guido P L Bossers
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology University Medical Center Groningen Center for Congenital Heart Diseases University of Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Mark-Jan Ploegstra
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology University Medical Center Groningen Center for Congenital Heart Diseases University of Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Quint A J Hagdorn
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology University Medical Center Groningen Center for Congenital Heart Diseases University of Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Rolf M F Berger
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology University Medical Center Groningen Center for Congenital Heart Diseases University of Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Herman H W Silljé
- Department of Cardiology University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Beatrijs Bartelds
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology University Medical Center Groningen Center for Congenital Heart Diseases University of Groningen The Netherlands
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15
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Lahey R, Carley AN, Wang X, Glass CE, Accola KD, Silvestry S, O'Donnell JM, Lewandowski ED. Enhanced Redox State and Efficiency of Glucose Oxidation With miR Based Suppression of Maladaptive NADPH-Dependent Malic Enzyme 1 Expression in Hypertrophied Hearts. Circ Res 2018; 122:836-845. [PMID: 29386187 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.312660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Metabolic remodeling in hypertrophic hearts includes inefficient glucose oxidation via increased anaplerosis fueled by pyruvate carboxylation. Pyruvate carboxylation to malate through elevated ME1 (malic enzyme 1) consumes NADPH necessary for reduction of glutathione and maintenance of intracellular redox state. OBJECTIVE To elucidate upregulated ME1 as a potential maladaptive mechanism for inefficient glucose oxidation and compromised redox state in hypertrophied hearts. METHODS AND RESULTS ME1 expression was selectively inhibited, in vivo, via non-native miR-ME1 (miRNA specific to ME1) in pressure-overloaded rat hearts. Rats subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) or Sham surgery received either miR-ME1 or PBS. Effects of ME1 suppression on anaplerosis and reduced glutathione (GSH) content were studied in isolated hearts supplied 13C-enriched substrate: palmitate, glucose, and lactate. Human myocardium collected from failing and nonfailing hearts during surgery enabled RT-qPCR confirmation of elevated ME1 gene expression in clinical heart failure versus nonfailing human hearts (P<0.04). TAC induced elevated ME1 content, but ME1 was lowered in hearts infused with miR-ME1 versus PBS. Although Sham miR-ME1 hearts showed no further reduction of inherently low anaplerosis in normal heart, miR-ME1 reduced anaplerosis in TAC to baseline: TAC miR-ME1=0.034±0.004; TAC PBS=0.081±0.005 (P<0.01). Countering elevated anaplerosis in TAC shifted pyruvate toward oxidation in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Importantly, via the link to NADPH consumption by pyruvate carboxylation, ME1 suppression in TAC restored GSH content, reduced lactate production, and ultimately improved contractility. CONCLUSIONS A maladaptive increase in anaplerosis via ME1 in TAC is associated with reduced GSH content. Suppressing increased ME1 expression in hypertrophied rat hearts, which is also elevated in failing human hearts, reduced pyruvate carboxylation thereby normalizing anaplerosis, restoring GSH content, and reducing lactate accumulation. Reducing ME1 induced favorable metabolic shifts for carbohydrate oxidation, improving intracellular redox state and enhanced cardiac performance in pathological hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Lahey
- From the Department of Internal Medicine and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus (A.N.C., E.D.L.); Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.N.C., C.E.G., E.D.L.); Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago (R.L., A.N.C., X.W., J.M.O., E.D.L.); and Translational Research Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (C.E.G., E.D.L.) and Department of Surgery, Florida Hospital Cardiovascular Institute, Florida Hospital Transplant Center (K.D.A., S.S.), Florida Hospital, Orlando
| | - Andrew N Carley
- From the Department of Internal Medicine and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus (A.N.C., E.D.L.); Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.N.C., C.E.G., E.D.L.); Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago (R.L., A.N.C., X.W., J.M.O., E.D.L.); and Translational Research Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (C.E.G., E.D.L.) and Department of Surgery, Florida Hospital Cardiovascular Institute, Florida Hospital Transplant Center (K.D.A., S.S.), Florida Hospital, Orlando
| | - Xuerong Wang
- From the Department of Internal Medicine and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus (A.N.C., E.D.L.); Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.N.C., C.E.G., E.D.L.); Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago (R.L., A.N.C., X.W., J.M.O., E.D.L.); and Translational Research Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (C.E.G., E.D.L.) and Department of Surgery, Florida Hospital Cardiovascular Institute, Florida Hospital Transplant Center (K.D.A., S.S.), Florida Hospital, Orlando
| | - Carley E Glass
- From the Department of Internal Medicine and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus (A.N.C., E.D.L.); Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.N.C., C.E.G., E.D.L.); Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago (R.L., A.N.C., X.W., J.M.O., E.D.L.); and Translational Research Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (C.E.G., E.D.L.) and Department of Surgery, Florida Hospital Cardiovascular Institute, Florida Hospital Transplant Center (K.D.A., S.S.), Florida Hospital, Orlando
| | - Kevin D Accola
- From the Department of Internal Medicine and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus (A.N.C., E.D.L.); Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.N.C., C.E.G., E.D.L.); Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago (R.L., A.N.C., X.W., J.M.O., E.D.L.); and Translational Research Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (C.E.G., E.D.L.) and Department of Surgery, Florida Hospital Cardiovascular Institute, Florida Hospital Transplant Center (K.D.A., S.S.), Florida Hospital, Orlando
| | - Scott Silvestry
- From the Department of Internal Medicine and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus (A.N.C., E.D.L.); Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.N.C., C.E.G., E.D.L.); Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago (R.L., A.N.C., X.W., J.M.O., E.D.L.); and Translational Research Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (C.E.G., E.D.L.) and Department of Surgery, Florida Hospital Cardiovascular Institute, Florida Hospital Transplant Center (K.D.A., S.S.), Florida Hospital, Orlando
| | - J Michael O'Donnell
- From the Department of Internal Medicine and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus (A.N.C., E.D.L.); Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.N.C., C.E.G., E.D.L.); Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago (R.L., A.N.C., X.W., J.M.O., E.D.L.); and Translational Research Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (C.E.G., E.D.L.) and Department of Surgery, Florida Hospital Cardiovascular Institute, Florida Hospital Transplant Center (K.D.A., S.S.), Florida Hospital, Orlando
| | - E Douglas Lewandowski
- From the Department of Internal Medicine and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus (A.N.C., E.D.L.); Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.N.C., C.E.G., E.D.L.); Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago (R.L., A.N.C., X.W., J.M.O., E.D.L.); and Translational Research Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (C.E.G., E.D.L.) and Department of Surgery, Florida Hospital Cardiovascular Institute, Florida Hospital Transplant Center (K.D.A., S.S.), Florida Hospital, Orlando.
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16
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Ritterhoff J, Tian R. Metabolism in cardiomyopathy: every substrate matters. Cardiovasc Res 2017; 113:411-421. [PMID: 28395011 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac metabolism is highly adaptive to changes in fuel availability and the energy demand of the heart. This metabolic flexibility is key for the heart to maintain its output during the development and in response to stress. Alterations in substrate preference have been observed in multiple disease states; a clear understanding of their impact on cardiac function in the long term is critical for the development of metabolic therapies. In addition, the contribution of cellular metabolism to growth, survival, and other signalling pathways through the generation of metabolic intermediates has been increasingly noted, adding another layer of complexity to the impact of metabolism on cardiac function. In a quest to understand the complexity of the cardiac metabolic network, genetic tools have been engaged to manipulate cardiac metabolism in a variety of mouse models. The ability to engineer cardiac metabolism in vivo has provided tremendous insights and brought about conceptual innovations. In this review, we will provide an overview of the cardiac metabolic network and highlight alterations observed during cardiac development and pathological hypertrophy. We will focus on consequences of altered substrate preference on cardiac response to chronic stresses through energy providing and non-energy providing pathways.
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17
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Liew CW, Xu S, Wang X, McCann M, Whang Kong H, Carley AC, Pang J, Fantuzzi G, O'Donnell JM, Lewandowski ED. Multiphasic Regulation of Systemic and Peripheral Organ Metabolic Responses to Cardiac Hypertrophy. Circ Heart Fail 2017; 10:CIRCHEARTFAILURE.117.003864. [PMID: 28404627 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.117.003864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced fat oxidation in hypertrophied hearts coincides with a shift of carnitine palmitoyl transferase I from muscle to increased liver isoforms. Acutely increased carnitine palmitoyl transferase I in normal rodent hearts has been shown to recapitulate the reduced fat oxidation and elevated atrial natriuretic peptide message of cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS AND RESULTS Because of the potential for reduced fat oxidation to affect cardiac atrial natriuretic peptide, and thus, induce adipose lipolysis, we studied peripheral and systemic metabolism in male C57BL/6 mice model of transverse aortic constriction in which left ventricular hypertrophy occurred by 2 weeks without functional decline until 16 weeks (ejection fraction, -45.6%; fractional shortening, -22.6%). We report the first evidence for initially improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in response to 2 weeks transverse aortic constriction versus sham, linked to enhanced insulin signaling in liver and visceral adipose tissue (epididymal white adipose tissue [WAT]), reduced WAT inflammation, elevated adiponectin, mulitilocular subcutaneous adipose tissue (inguinal WAT) with upregulated oxidative/thermogenic gene expression, and downregulated lipolysis and lipogenesis genes in epididymal WAT. By 6 weeks transverse aortic constriction, the metabolic profile reversed with impaired insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, reduced insulin signaling in liver, epididymal WAT and heart, and downregulation of oxidative enzymes in brown adipose tissue and oxidative and lipogenic genes in inguinal WAT. CONCLUSIONS Changes in insulin signaling, circulating natriuretic peptides and adipokines, and varied expression of adipose genes associated with altered insulin response/glucose handling and thermogenesis occurred prior to any functional decline in transverse aortic constriction hearts. The findings demonstrate multiphasic responses in extracardiac metabolism to pathogenic cardiac stress, with early iWAT browning providing potential metabolic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Wee Liew
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Shanshan Xu
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Xuerong Wang
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Maximilian McCann
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Hyerim Whang Kong
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Andrew C Carley
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Jingbo Pang
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - Giamila Fantuzzi
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - J Michael O'Donnell
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.)
| | - E Douglas Lewandowski
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (C.W.L., S.X., M.M., H.W.K., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.) and Center for Cardiovascular Research (X.W., A.C.C., J.M.O., E.D.L.), University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Applied Health Sciences (J.P., G.F.); and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (A.C.C., E.D.L.).
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De Jong KA, Lopaschuk GD. Complex Energy Metabolic Changes in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction and Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction. Can J Cardiol 2017; 33:860-871. [PMID: 28579160 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in cardiac energy metabolism contribute to the severity of heart failure. However, the energy metabolic changes that occur in heart failure are complex, and are dependent not only on the severity and type of heart failure present, but also on the coexistence of common comorbidities such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. In this article we review the cardiac energy metabolic changes that occur in heart failure. An emphasis is made on distinguishing the differences in cardiac energy metabolism between heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and in clarifying the common misconceptions surrounding the fate of fatty acids and glucose in the failing heart. The major key points from this article are: (1) mitochondrial oxidative capacity is reduced in HFpEF and HFrEF; (2) fatty acid oxidation is increased in HFpEF and reduced in HFrEF (however, oxidative metabolism of fatty acids in HFrEF still exceeds that of glucose); (3) glucose oxidation is decreased in HFpEF and HFrEF; (4) there is an uncoupling between glucose uptake and oxidation in HFpEF and HFrEF, resulting in an increased rate of glycolysis; (5) ketone body oxidation is increased in HFrEF, which might further reduce fatty acid and glucose oxidation; and finally, (6) branched chain amino acid oxidation is impaired in HFrEF. The understanding of these changes in cardiac energy metabolism in heart failure are essential to allow the development of metabolic modulators in the treatment of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstie A De Jong
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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Taegtmeyer H, Young ME, Lopaschuk GD, Abel ED, Brunengraber H, Darley-Usmar V, Des Rosiers C, Gerszten R, Glatz JF, Griffin JL, Gropler RJ, Holzhuetter HG, Kizer JR, Lewandowski ED, Malloy CR, Neubauer S, Peterson LR, Portman MA, Recchia FA, Van Eyk JE, Wang TJ. Assessing Cardiac Metabolism: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circ Res 2016; 118:1659-701. [PMID: 27012580 DOI: 10.1161/res.0000000000000097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In a complex system of interrelated reactions, the heart converts chemical energy to mechanical energy. Energy transfer is achieved through coordinated activation of enzymes, ion channels, and contractile elements, as well as structural and membrane proteins. The heart's needs for energy are difficult to overestimate. At a time when the cardiovascular research community is discovering a plethora of new molecular methods to assess cardiac metabolism, the methods remain scattered in the literature. The present statement on "Assessing Cardiac Metabolism" seeks to provide a collective and curated resource on methods and models used to investigate established and emerging aspects of cardiac metabolism. Some of those methods are refinements of classic biochemical tools, whereas most others are recent additions from the powerful tools of molecular biology. The aim of this statement is to be useful to many and to do justice to a dynamic field of great complexity.
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20
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Carley AN, Lewandowski ED. Triacylglycerol turnover in the failing heart. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:1492-9. [PMID: 26993578 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
No longer regarded as physiologically inert the endogenous triacylglyceride (TAG) pool within the cardiomyocyte is now recognized to play a dynamic role in metabolic regulation. Beyond static measures of content, the relative rates of interconversion among acyl intermediates are more closely linked to dynamic processes of physiological function in normal and diseased hearts, with the potential for both adaptive and maladaptive contributions. Indeed, multiple inefficiencies in cardiac metabolism have been identified in the decompensated, hypertrophied and failing heart. Among the intracellular responses to physiological, metabolic and pathological stresses, TAG plays a central role in the balance of lipid handling and signaling mechanisms. TAG dynamics are profoundly altered from normal in both diabetic and pathologically stressed hearts. More than just expansion or contraction of the stored lipid pool, the turnover rates of TAG are sensitive to and compete against other enzymatic pathways, anabolic and catabolic, for reactive acyl-CoA units. The rates of TAG synthesis and lipolysis thusly affect multiple components of cardiomyocyte function, including energy metabolism, cell signaling, and enzyme activation, as well as the regulation of gene expression in both normal and diseased states. This review examines the multiple etiologies and metabolic consequences of the failing heart and the central role of lipid storage dynamics in the pathogenic process. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Heart Lipid Metabolism edited by G.D. Lopaschuk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew N Carley
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL, United States
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21
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Aubert G, Martin OJ, Horton JL, Lai L, Vega RB, Leone TC, Koves T, Gardell SJ, Krüger M, Hoppel CL, Lewandowski ED, Crawford PA, Muoio DM, Kelly DP. The Failing Heart Relies on Ketone Bodies as a Fuel. Circulation 2016; 133:698-705. [PMID: 26819376 PMCID: PMC4766035 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.115.017355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 482] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Significant evidence indicates that the failing heart is energy starved. During the development of heart failure, the capacity of the heart to utilize fatty acids, the chief fuel, is diminished. Identification of alternate pathways for myocardial fuel oxidation could unveil novel strategies to treat heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS Quantitative mitochondrial proteomics was used to identify energy metabolic derangements that occur during the development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure in well-defined mouse models. As expected, the amounts of proteins involved in fatty acid utilization were downregulated in myocardial samples from the failing heart. Conversely, expression of β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1, a key enzyme in the ketone oxidation pathway, was increased in the heart failure samples. Studies of relative oxidation in an isolated heart preparation using ex vivo nuclear magnetic resonance combined with targeted quantitative myocardial metabolomic profiling using mass spectrometry revealed that the hypertrophied and failing heart shifts to oxidizing ketone bodies as a fuel source in the context of reduced capacity to oxidize fatty acids. Distinct myocardial metabolomic signatures of ketone oxidation were identified. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the hypertrophied and failing heart shifts to ketone bodies as a significant fuel source for oxidative ATP production. Specific metabolite biosignatures of in vivo cardiac ketone utilization were identified. Future studies aimed at determining whether this fuel shift is adaptive or maladaptive could unveil new therapeutic strategies for heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Aubert
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Ola J Martin
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Julie L Horton
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Ling Lai
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Rick B Vega
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Teresa C Leone
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Timothy Koves
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Stephen J Gardell
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Marcus Krüger
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Charles L Hoppel
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - E Douglas Lewandowski
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Peter A Crawford
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Deborah M Muoio
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.)
| | - Daniel P Kelly
- From Cardiovascular Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL (G.A., O.J.M., J.L.H., L.L., R.B.V., T.C.L., S.J.G., P.A.C., D.P.K.); Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.K., D.M.M.); CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (M.K.); Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (C.L.H.); College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL (E.D.L.); and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (P.A.C.).
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22
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Lahey R, Wang X, Carley AN, Lewandowski ED. Dietary fat supply to failing hearts determines dynamic lipid signaling for nuclear receptor activation and oxidation of stored triglyceride. Circulation 2014; 130:1790-9. [PMID: 25266948 PMCID: PMC4229424 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.011687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intramyocardial triglyceride (TG) turnover is reduced in pressure-overloaded, failing hearts, limiting the availability of this rich source of long-chain fatty acids for mitochondrial β-oxidation and nuclear receptor activation. This study explored 2 major dietary fats, palmitate and oleate, in supporting endogenous TG dynamics and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α activation in sham-operated (SHAM) and hypertrophied (transverse aortic constriction [TAC]) rat hearts. METHODS AND RESULTS Isolated SHAM and TAC hearts were provided media containing carbohydrate with either (13)C-palmitate or (13)C-oleate for dynamic (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and end point liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry of TG dynamics. With palmitate, TAC hearts contained 48% less TG versus SHAM (P=0.0003), whereas oleate maintained elevated TG in TAC, similar to SHAM. TG turnover in TAC was greatly reduced with palmitate (TAC, 46.7±12.2 nmol/g dry weight per min; SHAM, 84.3±4.9; P=0.0212), as was β-oxidation of TG. Oleate elevated TG turnover in both TAC (140.4±11.2) and SHAM (143.9±15.6), restoring TG oxidation in TAC. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α target gene transcripts were reduced by 70% in TAC with palmitate, whereas oleate induced normal transcript levels. Additionally, mRNA levels for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ-coactivator-1α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ-coactivator-1β in TAC hearts were maintained by oleate. With these metabolic effects, oleate also supported a 25% improvement in contractility over palmitate with TAC (P=0.0202). CONCLUSIONS The findings link reduced intracellular lipid storage dynamics to impaired peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α signaling and contractility in diseased hearts, consistent with a rate-dependent lipolytic activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α. In decompensated hearts, oleate may serve as a beneficial energy substrate versus palmitate by upregulating TG dynamics and nuclear receptor signaling.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/complications
- Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/metabolism
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Ceramides/analysis
- Citric Acid Cycle
- Dietary Fats/pharmacokinetics
- Dietary Fats/pharmacology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Heart Failure/diet therapy
- Heart Failure/etiology
- Heart Failure/metabolism
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/complications
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/metabolism
- Lipolysis
- Male
- Mitochondria, Heart/metabolism
- Myocardial Contraction/drug effects
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular
- Oleic Acid/administration & dosage
- Oleic Acid/pharmacokinetics
- Oleic Acid/pharmacology
- Oxidation-Reduction
- PPAR alpha/physiology
- Palmitates/administration & dosage
- Palmitates/pharmacokinetics
- Palmitates/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Transcription, Genetic
- Triglycerides/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Lahey
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Xuerong Wang
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Andrew N Carley
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - E Douglas Lewandowski
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
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23
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Banke NH, Lewandowski ED. Impaired cytosolic NADH shuttling and elevated UCP3 contribute to inefficient citric acid cycle flux support of postischemic cardiac work in diabetic hearts. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 79:13-20. [PMID: 25450611 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 10/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic hearts are subject to more extensive ischemia/reperfusion (ISC/REP) damage. This study examined the efficiency of citric acid cycle (CAC) flux and the transfer of cytosolic reducing equivalents into the mitochondria for oxidative support of cardiac work following ISC/REP in hearts of c57bl/6 (NORM) and type 2 diabetic, db/db mouse hearts. Flux through the CAC and malate-aspartate shuttle (MA) were monitored via dynamic (13)C NMR of isolated hearts perfused with (13)C palmitate+glucose. MA flux was lower in db/db than NORM. Oxoglutarate malate carrier (OMC) was elevated in the db/db heart, suggesting a compensatory response to low NADHc. Baseline CAC flux per unit work (rate-pressure-product, RPP) was similar between NORM and db/db, but ISC/REP reduced the efficiency of CAC flux/RPP by 20% in db/db. ISC/REP also increased UCP3 transcription, indicating potential for greater uncoupling. Therefore, ISC/REP induces inefficient carbon utilization through the CAC in hearts of diabetic mice due to the combined inefficiencies in NADHc transfer per OMC content and increased uncoupling via UCP3. Ischemia and reperfusion exacerbated pre-existing mitochondrial defects and metabolic limitations in the cytosol of diabetic hearts. These limitations and defects render diabetic hearts more susceptible to inefficient carbon fuel utilization for oxidative energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha H Banke
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - E Douglas Lewandowski
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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24
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Carley AN, Taegtmeyer H, Lewandowski ED. Matrix revisited: mechanisms linking energy substrate metabolism to the function of the heart. Circ Res 2014; 114:717-29. [PMID: 24526677 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.114.301863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic signaling mechanisms are increasingly recognized to mediate the cellular response to alterations in workload demand, as a consequence of physiological and pathophysiological challenges. Thus, an understanding of the metabolic mechanisms coordinating activity in the cytosol with the energy-providing pathways in the mitochondrial matrix becomes critical for deepening our insights into the pathogenic changes that occur in the stressed cardiomyocyte. Processes that exchange both metabolic intermediates and cations between the cytosol and mitochondria enable transduction of dynamic changes in contractile state to the mitochondrial compartment of the cell. Disruption of such metabolic transduction pathways has severe consequences for the energetic support of contractile function in the heart and is implicated in the pathogenesis of heart failure. Deficiencies in metabolic reserve and impaired metabolic transduction in the cardiomyocyte can result from inherent deficiencies in metabolic phenotype or maladaptive changes in metabolic enzyme expression and regulation in the response to pathogenic stress. This review examines both current and emerging concepts of the functional linkage between the cytosol and the mitochondrial matrix with a specific focus on metabolic reserve and energetic efficiency. These principles of exchange and transport mechanisms across the mitochondrial membrane are reviewed for the failing heart from the perspectives of chronic pressure overload and diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew N Carley
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago IL (A.N.C., E.D.L.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston (H.T.)
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25
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Xiong Q, Ye L, Zhang P, Lepley M, Tian J, Li J, Zhang L, Swingen C, Vaughan JT, Kaufman DS, Zhang J. Functional consequences of human induced pluripotent stem cell therapy: myocardial ATP turnover rate in the in vivo swine heart with postinfarction remodeling. Circulation 2013; 127:997-1008. [PMID: 23371930 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.112.000641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells as cellular therapy for myocardial injury has yet to be examined in a large-animal model. METHODS AND RESULTS Immunosuppressed Yorkshire pigs were assigned to 1 of 3 groups: A myocardial infarction group (MI group; distal left anterior descending coronary artery ligation and reperfusion; n=13); a cell-treatment group (MI with 4×10(6) vascular cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells administered via a fibrin patch; n=14); and a normal group (n=15). At 4 weeks, left ventricular structural and functional abnormalities were less pronounced in hearts in the cell-treated group than in MI hearts (P<0.05), and these improvements were accompanied by declines in scar size (10.4±1.6% versus 8.3±1.1%, MI versus cell-treatment group, P<0.05). The cell-treated group displayed a significant increase in vascular density and blood flow (0.83±0.11 and 1.05±0.13 mL·min(-1)·g(-1), MI versus cell-treatment group, P<0.05) in the periscar border zone (BZ), which was accompanied by improvements in systolic thickening fractions (infarct zone, -10±7% versus 5±5%; BZ, 7±4% versus 23±6%; P<0.05). Transplantation of vascular cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells stimulated c-kit(+) cell recruitment to BZ and the rate of bromodeoxyuridine incorporation in both c-kit(+) cells and cardiomyocytes (P<0.05). Using a magnetic resonance spectroscopic saturation transfer technique, we found that the rate of ATP hydrolysis in BZ of MI hearts was severely reduced, and the severity of this reduction was linearly related to the severity of the elevations of wall stresses (r=0.82, P<0.05). This decline in BZ ATP utilization was markedly attenuated in the cell-treatment group. CONCLUSIONS Transplantation of vascular cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells mobilized endogenous progenitor cells into the BZ, attenuated regional wall stress, stimulated neovascularization, and improved BZ perfusion, which in turn resulted in marked increases in BZ contractile function and ATP turnover rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xiong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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