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Rodriguez-Muñoz A, Motahari-Rad H, Martin-Chaves L, Benitez-Porres J, Rodriguez-Capitan J, Gonzalez-Jimenez A, Insenser M, Tinahones FJ, Murri M. A Systematic Review of Proteomics in Obesity: Unpacking the Molecular Puzzle. Curr Obes Rep 2024; 13:403-438. [PMID: 38703299 PMCID: PMC11306592 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-024-00561-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The present study aims to review the existing literature to identify pathophysiological proteins in obesity by conducting a systematic review of proteomics studies. Proteomics may reveal the mechanisms of obesity development and clarify the links between obesity and related diseases, improving our comprehension of obesity and its clinical implications. RECENT FINDINGS Most of the molecular events implicated in obesity development remain incomplete. Proteomics stands as a powerful tool for elucidating the intricate interactions among proteins in the context of obesity. This methodology has the potential to identify proteins involved in pathological processes and to evaluate changes in protein abundance during obesity development, contributing to the identification of early disease predisposition, monitoring the effectiveness of interventions and improving disease management overall. Despite many non-targeted proteomic studies exploring obesity, a comprehensive and up-to-date systematic review of the molecular events implicated in obesity development is lacking. The lack of such a review presents a significant challenge for researchers trying to interpret the existing literature. This systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines and included sixteen human proteomic studies, each of which delineated proteins exhibiting significant alterations in obesity. A total of 41 proteins were reported to be altered in obesity by at least two or more studies. These proteins were involved in metabolic pathways, oxidative stress responses, inflammatory processes, protein folding, coagulation, as well as structure/cytoskeleton. Many of the identified proteomic biomarkers of obesity have also been reported to be dysregulated in obesity-related disease. Among them, seven proteins, which belong to metabolic pathways (aldehyde dehydrogenase and apolipoprotein A1), the chaperone family (albumin, heat shock protein beta 1, protein disulfide-isomerase A3) and oxidative stress and inflammation proteins (catalase and complement C3), could potentially serve as biomarkers for the progression of obesity and the development of comorbidities, contributing to personalized medicine in the field of obesity. Our systematic review in proteomics represents a substantial step forward in unravelling the complexities of protein alterations associated with obesity. It provides valuable insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying obesity, thereby opening avenues for the discovery of potential biomarkers and the development of personalized medicine in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Rodriguez-Muñoz
- Endocrinology and Nutrition UGC, Hospital Universitario Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Hospital Clínico Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
| | - Hanieh Motahari-Rad
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Laura Martin-Chaves
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de La Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Malaga, Spain
- Department of Dermatology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Javier Benitez-Porres
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Hospital Clínico Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Human Physiology, Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Jorge Rodriguez-Capitan
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de La Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Malaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Maria Insenser
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group, Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal & Universidad de Alcalá & Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Endocrinology and Nutrition UGC, Hospital Universitario Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Hospital Clínico Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Dermatology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Mora Murri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition UGC, Hospital Universitario Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Hospital Clínico Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain.
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Li N. Platelets as an inter-player between hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis. J Intern Med 2024; 296:39-52. [PMID: 38704820 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Platelet hyperreactivity and hyperlipidaemia contribute significantly to atherosclerosis. Thus, it is desirable to review the platelet-hyperlipidaemia interplay and its impact on atherogenesis. Native low-density lipoprotein (nLDL) and oxidized LDL (oxLDL) are the key proatherosclerotic components of hyperlipidaemia. nLDL binds to the platelet-specific LDL receptor (LDLR) ApoE-R2', whereas oxLDL binds to the platelet-expressed scavenger receptor CD36, lectin-type oxidized LDLR 1 and scavenger receptor class A 1. Ligation of nLDL/oxLDL induces mild platelet activation and may prime platelets for other platelet agonists. Platelets, in turn, can modulate lipoprotein metabolisms. Platelets contribute to LDL oxidation by enhancing the production of reactive oxygen species and LDLR degradation via proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 release. Platelet-released platelet factor 4 and transforming growth factor β modulate LDL uptake and foam cell formation. Thus, platelet dysfunction and hyperlipidaemia work in concert to aggravate atherogenesis. Hypolipidemic drugs modulate platelet function, whereas antiplatelet drugs influence lipid metabolism. The research prospects of the platelet-hyperlipidaemia interplay in atherosclerosis are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nailin Li
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine-Solna, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
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Gawaz M, Geisler T, Borst O. Current concepts and novel targets for antiplatelet therapy. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:583-599. [PMID: 37016032 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00854-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Platelets have a crucial role in haemostasis and atherothrombosis. Pharmacological control of platelet hyper-reactivity has become a cornerstone in the prevention of thrombo-ischaemic complications in atherosclerotic diseases. Current antiplatelet therapies substantially improve clinical outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease, but at the cost of increased risk of bleeding. Beyond their role in thrombosis, platelets are known to regulate inflammatory (thrombo-inflammatory) and microcirculatory pathways. Therefore, controlling platelet hyper-reactivity might have implications for both tissue inflammation (myocardial ischaemia) and vascular inflammation (vulnerable plaque formation) to prevent atherosclerosis. In this Review, we summarize the pathophysiological role of platelets in acute myocardial ischaemia, vascular inflammation and atherosclerotic progression. Furthermore, we highlight current clinical concepts of antiplatelet therapy that have contributed to improving patient care and have facilitated more individualized therapy. Finally, we discuss novel therapeutic targets and compounds for antiplatelet therapy that are currently in preclinical development, some of which have a more favourable safety profile than currently approved drugs with regard to bleeding risk. These novel antiplatelet targets might offer new strategies to treat cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meinrad Gawaz
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Tobias Geisler
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Borst
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Gusev E, Sarapultsev A. Atherosclerosis and Inflammation: Insights from the Theory of General Pathological Processes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097910. [PMID: 37175617 PMCID: PMC10178362 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances have greatly improved our understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind atherosclerosis pathogenesis. However, there is still a need to systematize this data from a general pathology perspective, particularly with regard to atherogenesis patterns in the context of both canonical and non-classical inflammation types. In this review, we analyze various typical phenomena and outcomes of cellular pro-inflammatory stress in atherosclerosis, as well as the role of endothelial dysfunction in local and systemic manifestations of low-grade inflammation. We also present the features of immune mechanisms in the development of productive inflammation in stable and unstable plaques, along with their similarities and differences compared to canonical inflammation. There are numerous factors that act as inducers of the inflammatory process in atherosclerosis, including vascular endothelium aging, metabolic dysfunctions, autoimmune, and in some cases, infectious damage factors. Life-critical complications of atherosclerosis, such as cardiogenic shock and severe strokes, are associated with the development of acute systemic hyperinflammation. Additionally, critical atherosclerotic ischemia of the lower extremities induces paracoagulation and the development of chronic systemic inflammation. Conversely, sepsis, other critical conditions, and severe systemic chronic diseases contribute to atherogenesis. In summary, atherosclerosis can be characterized as an independent form of inflammation, sharing similarities but also having fundamental differences from low-grade inflammation and various variants of canonical inflammation (classic vasculitis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenii Gusev
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 620049 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Alexey Sarapultsev
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 620049 Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Russian-Chinese Education and Research Center of System Pathology, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia
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Splice factor polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (Ptbp1) primes endothelial inflammation in atherogenic disturbed flow conditions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2122227119. [PMID: 35858420 PMCID: PMC9335344 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2122227119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Plaque forms in low and disturbed flow regions of the vasculature, where platelets adhere and endothelial cells are “primed” to respond to cytokines (e.g., tumor necrosis factor-α) with elevated levels of cell adhesion molecules via the NF-κB signaling pathway. We show that the splice factor polypyrimidine tract binding protein (Ptbp1; purple) mediates priming. Ptbp1 is induced in endothelial cells by platelet recruitment, promoting priming and subsequent myeloid cell infiltration into plaque. Mechanistically, Ptbp1 regulates splicing of genes (e.g., Ripk1) involved in the NF-κB signaling pathway and is required for efficient nuclear translocation of NF-κB in endothelial cells. This provides new insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying an endothelial priming process that reinforces vascular inflammation. NF-κB–mediated endothelial activation drives leukocyte recruitment and atherosclerosis, in part through adhesion molecules Icam1 and Vcam1. The endothelium is primed for cytokine activation of NF-κB by exposure to low and disturbed blood flow (LDF)but the molecular underpinnings are not fully understood. In an experimental in vivo model of LDF, platelets were required for the increased expression of several RNA-binding splice factors, including polypyrimidine tract binding protein (Ptbp1). This was coordinated with changes in RNA splicing in the NF-κB pathway in primed cells, leading us to examine splice factors as mediators of priming. Using Icam1 and Vcam1 induction by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α stimulation as a readout, we performed a CRISPR Cas9 knockout screen and identified a requirement for Ptbp1 in priming. Deletion of Ptbp1 had no effect on cell growth or response to apoptotic stimuli, but reversed LDF splicing patterns and inhibited NF-κB nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation of downstream targets, including Icam1 and Vcam1. In human coronary arteries, elevated PTBP1 correlates with expression of TNF pathway genes and plaque. In vivo, endothelial-specific deletion of Ptbp1 reduced Icam1 expression and myeloid cell infiltration at regions of LDF in atherosclerotic mice, limiting atherosclerosis. This may be mediated, in part, by allowing inclusion of a conserved alternative exon in Ripk1 leading to a reduction in Ripk1 protein. Our data show that Ptbp1, which is induced in a subset of the endothelium by platelet recruitment at regions of LDF, is required for priming of the endothelium for subsequent NF-κB activation, myeloid cell recruitment and atherosclerosis.
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Min Y, Hao L, Liu X, Tan S, Song H, Ni H, Sheng Z, Jooss N, Liu X, Malmström RE, Sun Y, Liu J, Tang H, Zhang H, Ma C, Peng J, Hou M, Li N. Platelets fine-tune effector responses of naïve CD4 + T cells via platelet factor 4-regulated transforming growth factor β signaling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:247. [PMID: 35437611 PMCID: PMC9016031 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04279-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background and aim Platelets are an able regulator of CD4+ T cell immunity. Herein, the mechanisms underlying platelet-regulated effector responses of naïve CD4+ T (Tn) cells were investigated. Methods Platelet–Tn cell co-cultures of human cells, genetically modified murine models, and high-throughput bioinformatic analyses were combined to elucidate molecular mechanisms of platelet-dependent regulation. Results Platelets exerted sophisticated regulation on effector responses of type 1, 2, and 17 T helper (Th1/Th2/Th17) and regulatory T (Treg) cells, in time-, concentration-, and organ-dependent manners and with close cooperation of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and platelet factor 4 (PF4). PF4 at low concentrations reinforced TGFβ signaling by heteromerizing with type III TGFβ receptor (TGFBRIII), and subsequently enhanced TGFBRII expression and TGFβ signaling. High-concentration PF4 had, however, opposite effects by directly binding to TGFBRII, blocking TGFβ–TGFBRII ligation, and thus inhibiting TGFβ signaling. Furthermore, platelet depletion markedly hampered Treg and Th17 responses in the spleen but not in the lymph nodes, blockade of platelet–Tn cell contact diminished platelet effects, while spleen injection of PF4-immobilized microparticles in PF4-deficient mice mimicked platelet effects, suggesting the importance of direct platelet–Tn contact and platelet-bound PF4 for the optimal regulatory effects by platelets. Conclusion Platelets exert context-dependent regulations on effector responses of Tn cells via PF4-TGFβ duet, suggesting new possibilities of platelet-targeted interventions of T cell immunity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00018-022-04279-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Min
- Department of Medicine-Solna, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, J8:20, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Long Hao
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xinguang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuai Tan
- Department of Medicine-Solna, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, J8:20, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hui Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Hao Ni
- Department of Medicine-Solna, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, J8:20, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zi Sheng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Natalie Jooss
- Department of Medicine-Solna, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, J8:20, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xuena Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rickard E Malmström
- Department of Medicine-Solna, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Clinical Pharmacology Group, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yang Sun
- School of Basic Medicine, Department of Immunology and Shandong University-Karolinska Institutet Collaborative Laboratory, Shandong University Cheeloo Medical College, Jinan, China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Institute of Immunology, Taian, China
| | - Hua Tang
- Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Institute of Immunology, Taian, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chunhong Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Department of Immunology and Shandong University-Karolinska Institutet Collaborative Laboratory, Shandong University Cheeloo Medical College, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Hou
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Nailin Li
- Department of Medicine-Solna, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, J8:20, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Alihajdaraj R, Grbolar A, Krasniqi X, Bekteshi T, Bakalli A. Echocardiography and Laboratory Factors Associated With Prolonged Postoperative Pericardial Effusion. JOURNAL OF DIAGNOSTIC MEDICAL SONOGRAPHY 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/87564793211070233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Pericardial effusion is a frequent finding in patients who undergo cardiac surgery. There are currently limited data providing information regarding the factors that may contribute to postoperative pericarditis. The aim was to evaluate laboratory and echocardiographic features that may influence the presence of pericardial effusion 6 to 8 weeks following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Materials and Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study that included 90 patients after CABG operation who were divided into two groups. A total of 32 (35.56%) patients with pericardial effusion on follow-up echocardiography formed the first group and 58 patients without pericardial effusion the second group, which were compared in respect to components that were taken prior to the operation. Results: The groups did not differ regarding sex (males 65.62% vs 63.79%, P = .86) or age (59.59 ± 9.29 vs 61.69 ± 10.71, P = .35). Platelet count (184.74 ± 58.79 vs 222.62 ± 88.97, P = .03) and left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS) (−14.64 ± 6.86 vs −16.96 ± 4.1, P = .04) demonstrated statistical significance. Conclusion: Prolonged postoperative pericardial effusion in small amounts may be found in patients, with preoperative lower thrombocyte count and LV GLS, which could be possible predisposing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adem Grbolar
- Clinic of Invasive Cardiology and Cardiosurgery, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Xhevdet Krasniqi
- Clinic of Invasive Cardiology and Cardiosurgery, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Pristina, Kosovo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Tefik Bekteshi
- Clinic of Invasive Cardiology and Cardiosurgery, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Aurora Bakalli
- Clinic of Invasive Cardiology and Cardiosurgery, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Pristina, Kosovo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Pristina, Kosovo
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Role of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 in Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Mediated Vascular Repair and Regeneration. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 18:747-758. [PMID: 34449064 PMCID: PMC8440704 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-021-00366-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are immature endothelial cells that participate in vascular repair and postnatal neovascularization and provide a novel and promising therapy for the treatment of vascular disease. Studies in different animal models have shown that EPC mobilization through pharmacological agents and autologous EPC transplantation contribute to restoring blood supply and tissue regeneration after ischemic injury. However, these effects of the progenitor cells in clinical studies exhibit mixed results. The therapeutic efficacy of EPCs is closely associated with the number of the progenitor cells recruited into ischemic regions and their functional abilities and survival in injury tissues. In this review, we discussed the regulating role of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (also known CXCL12, SDF-1) in EPC mobilization, recruitment, homing, vascular repair and neovascularization, and analyzed the underlying machemisms of these functions. Application of SDF-1 to improve the regenerative function of EPCs following vascular injury was also discussed. SDF-1 plays a crucial role in mobilizing EPC from bone marrow into peripheral circulation, recruiting the progenitor cells to target tissue and protecting against cell death under pathological conditions; thus improve EPC regenerative capacity. SDF-1 are crucial for regulating EPC regenerative function, and provide a potential target for improve therapeutic efficacy of the progenitor cells in treatment of vascular disease.
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Coenen DM, Heinzmann ACA, Karel MFA, Cosemans JMEM, Koenen RR. The multifaceted contribution of platelets in the emergence and aftermath of acute cardiovascular events. Atherosclerosis 2021; 319:132-141. [PMID: 33468314 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an underlying cause of a broad array of cardiovascular diseases characterized by plaques, arterial wall thickening initiated by hyperlipidemia, pro-inflammatory signals, endothelial dysfunction and the influx of inflammatory cells. By still incompletely characterized mechanisms, these plaques can destabilize or erode, leading to thrombosis and blood vessel occlusion and becomes clinically manifest as angina pectoris, myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke. Among the several blood cell types that are involved in the development of atherosclerosis, the role of platelets during the thrombotic occlusion of ruptured or eroded plaques is well established and clinically exploited as evident by the extensive use of platelet inhibitors. However, there is increasing evidence that platelets are also involved in the earlier stages of atheroma development by exhibiting pro-inflammatory activities. The scope of this review is to describe the role of platelets in the initiation and propagation stages of atherosclerosis and beyond; in atherothrombotic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniëlle M Coenen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandra C A Heinzmann
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Mieke F A Karel
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Judith M E M Cosemans
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Rory R Koenen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Abstract
Thrombosis is the most feared complication of cardiovascular diseases and a main cause of death worldwide, making it a major health-care challenge. Platelets and the coagulation cascade are effectively targeted by antithrombotic approaches, which carry an inherent risk of bleeding. Moreover, antithrombotics cannot completely prevent thrombotic events, implicating a therapeutic gap due to a third, not yet adequately addressed mechanism, namely inflammation. In this Review, we discuss how the synergy between inflammation and thrombosis drives thrombotic diseases. We focus on the huge potential of anti-inflammatory strategies to target cardiovascular pathologies. Findings in the past decade have uncovered a sophisticated connection between innate immunity, platelet activation and coagulation, termed immunothrombosis. Immunothrombosis is an important host defence mechanism to limit systemic spreading of pathogens through the bloodstream. However, the aberrant activation of immunothrombosis in cardiovascular diseases causes myocardial infarction, stroke and venous thromboembolism. The clinical relevance of aberrant immunothrombosis, referred to as thromboinflammation, is supported by the increased risk of cardiovascular events in patients with inflammatory diseases but also during infections, including in COVID-19. Clinical trials in the past 4 years have confirmed the anti-ischaemic effects of anti-inflammatory strategies, backing the concept of a prothrombotic function of inflammation. Targeting inflammation to prevent thrombosis leaves haemostasis mainly unaffected, circumventing the risk of bleeding associated with current approaches. Considering the growing number of anti-inflammatory therapies, it is crucial to appreciate their potential in covering therapeutic gaps in cardiovascular diseases.
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11
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Wang L, Tang C. Targeting Platelet in Atherosclerosis Plaque Formation: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249760. [PMID: 33371312 PMCID: PMC7767086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides their role in hemostasis and thrombosis, it has become increasingly clear that platelets are also involved in many other pathological processes of the vascular system, such as atherosclerotic plaque formation. Atherosclerosis is a chronic vascular inflammatory disease, which preferentially develops at sites under disturbed blood flow with low speeds and chaotic directions. Hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension are all risk factors for atherosclerosis. When the vascular microenvironment changes, platelets can respond quickly to interact with endothelial cells and leukocytes, participating in atherosclerosis. This review discusses the important roles of platelets in the plaque formation under pro-atherogenic factors. Specifically, we discussed the platelet behaviors under disturbed flow, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia conditions. We also summarized the molecular mechanisms involved in vascular inflammation during atherogenesis based on platelet receptors and secretion of inflammatory factors. Finally, we highlighted the studies of platelet migration in atherogenesis. In general, we elaborated an atherogenic role of platelets and the aspects that should be further studied in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China;
| | - Chaojun Tang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China;
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-512-6588-0899
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12
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van Geffen JP, Swieringa F, van Kuijk K, Tullemans BME, Solari FA, Peng B, Clemetson KJ, Farndale RW, Dubois LJ, Sickmann A, Zahedi RP, Ahrends R, Biessen EAL, Sluimer JC, Heemskerk JWM, Kuijpers MJE. Mild hyperlipidemia in mice aggravates platelet responsiveness in thrombus formation and exploration of platelet proteome and lipidome. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21407. [PMID: 33293576 PMCID: PMC7722935 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78522-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Millions of people worldwide display mildly elevated levels of plasma lipids and cholesterol linked to diet and life-style. While the prothrombotic risk of severe hyperlipidemia has been established, the effects of moderate hyperlipidemia are less clear. Here, we studied platelet activation and arterial thrombus formation in Apoe-/- and Ldlr-/- mice fed a normal chow diet, resulting in mildly increased plasma cholesterol. In blood from both knockout mice, collagen-dependent thrombus and fibrin formation under flow were enhanced. These effects did not increase in severe hyperlipidemic blood from aged mice and upon feeding a high-fat diet (Apoe-/- mice). Bone marrow from wild-type or Ldlr-/- mice was transplanted into irradiated Ldlr-/- recipients. Markedly, thrombus formation was enhanced in blood from chimeric mice, suggesting that the hyperlipidemic environment altered the wild-type platelets, rather than the genetic modification. The platelet proteome revealed high similarity between the three genotypes, without clear indication for a common protein-based gain-of-function. The platelet lipidome revealed an altered lipid profile in mildly hyperlipidemic mice. In conclusion, in Apoe-/- and Ldlr-/- mice, modest elevation in plasma and platelet cholesterol increased platelet responsiveness in thrombus formation and ensuing fibrin formation, resulting in a prothrombotic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna P van Geffen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frauke Swieringa
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS- e.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Kim van Kuijk
- Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bibian M E Tullemans
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Fiorella A Solari
- Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS- e.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Bing Peng
- Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS- e.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Kenneth J Clemetson
- Department of Haematology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Ludwig J Dubois
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Sickmann
- Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS- e.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - René P Zahedi
- Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS- e.V, Dortmund, Germany.,Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Robert Ahrends
- Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS- e.V, Dortmund, Germany.,Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - Erik A L Biessen
- Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Judith C Sluimer
- Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Johan W M Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke J E Kuijpers
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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13
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Martins Lima A, Saint Auguste DS, Cuenot F, Martins Cavaco AC, Lachkar T, Khawand CME, Fraga-Silva RA, Stergiopulos N. Standardization and Validation of Fluorescence-Based Quantitative Assay to Study Human Platelet Adhesion to Extracellular-Matrix in a 384-Well Plate. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186539. [PMID: 32906775 PMCID: PMC7554887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets play a crucial role in the immunological response and are involved in the pathological settings of vascular diseases, and their adhesion to the extracellular matrix is important to bring leukocytes close to the endothelial cells and to form and stabilize the thrombus. Currently there are several methods to study platelet adhesion; however, the optimal parameters to perform the assay vary among studies, which hinders their comparison and reproducibility. Here, a standardization and validation of a fluorescence-based quantitative adhesion assay to study platelet-ECM interaction in a high-throughput screening format is proposed. Our study confirms that fluorescence-based quantitative assays can be effectively used to detect platelet adhesion, in which BCECF-AM presents the highest sensitivity in comparison to other dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Martins Lima
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology (LHTC), Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (D.S.S.A.); (F.C.); (T.L.); (C.M.E.K.); (R.A.F.-S.); (N.S.)
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Station 09, MED 3.2924, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
| | - Damian S. Saint Auguste
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology (LHTC), Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (D.S.S.A.); (F.C.); (T.L.); (C.M.E.K.); (R.A.F.-S.); (N.S.)
- Laboratory for Orthopaedic Technology, Institute for Biomechanics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - François Cuenot
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology (LHTC), Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (D.S.S.A.); (F.C.); (T.L.); (C.M.E.K.); (R.A.F.-S.); (N.S.)
| | - Ana C. Martins Cavaco
- Luis Costa Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Tom Lachkar
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology (LHTC), Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (D.S.S.A.); (F.C.); (T.L.); (C.M.E.K.); (R.A.F.-S.); (N.S.)
| | - Cindy Marie Elodie Khawand
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology (LHTC), Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (D.S.S.A.); (F.C.); (T.L.); (C.M.E.K.); (R.A.F.-S.); (N.S.)
| | - Rodrigo A. Fraga-Silva
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology (LHTC), Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (D.S.S.A.); (F.C.); (T.L.); (C.M.E.K.); (R.A.F.-S.); (N.S.)
| | - Nikolaos Stergiopulos
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology (LHTC), Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (D.S.S.A.); (F.C.); (T.L.); (C.M.E.K.); (R.A.F.-S.); (N.S.)
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14
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Liu J, Wang S, Hou J, Cai H, Pan W, Dong H, Sun R, Dong H, Fang S, Yu B. Proteomics Profiling Reveals Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1, Collagen Type VI α-2 Chain, and Fermitin Family Homolog 3 as Potential Biomarkers of Plaque Erosion in ST-Segment Elevated Myocardial Infarction. Circ J 2020; 84:985-993. [PMID: 32350230 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-19-1206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plaque erosion (PE) has been considered a secondary pathogenesis of ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) following plaque rupture (PR). Previous studies demonstrated that they had different demographic and histology characteristics and need different treatment strategy. But there are few non-invasive plasma biomarkers for distinguishing them. The present study aimed to identify non-invasive predictive biomarkers for PE and PR in patients with STEMI.Methods and Results:A total 108 patients were recruited and grouped into a PE group (n=36), a PR group (n=36), and an unstable angina pectoris (UAP) (n=36) group for analysis. A 9-plex tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomics was used to compare plasma protein profiles of PE, PR, and UAP. In total, 36 significant differential proteins (DPs) were identified among groups, 10 of which were screened out using bio-information analysis and validated with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The relationship of angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging data and the 10 target DPs was analyzed statistically. Logistic regression showed elevated collagen type VI α-2 chain (COL6A2) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), and decreased fermitin family homolog 3 (FERMT3), were positively associated with PE. Multivariate analysis indicated IGF1, FERMT3, and COL6A2 had independent predictive ability for PE. IGF1 was inversely correlated with lumen stenosis and the lipid arc of the plaque. CONCLUSIONS IGF1, COL6A2, and FERMT3 are potential predictive biomarkers of PE in STEMI patients. And IGF1 was negatively correlated with the developing of culprit plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry Education
| | - Shanjie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry Education
| | - Jingbo Hou
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry Education
| | - Hengxuan Cai
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry Education
| | - Weili Pan
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry Education
| | - Haimeng Dong
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
| | - Rong Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry Education
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry Education
| | - Shaohong Fang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry Education
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry Education
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15
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Eosinophil-platelet interactions promote atherosclerosis and stabilize thrombosis with eosinophil extracellular traps. Blood 2020; 134:1859-1872. [PMID: 31481482 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019000518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical observations implicate a role of eosinophils in cardiovascular diseases because markers of eosinophil activation are elevated in atherosclerosis and thrombosis. However, their contribution to atherosclerotic plaque formation and arterial thrombosis remains unclear. In these settings, we investigated how eosinophils are recruited and activated through an interplay with platelets. Here, we provide evidence for a central importance of eosinophil-platelet interactions in atherosclerosis and thrombosis. We show that eosinophils support atherosclerotic plaque formation involving enhanced von Willebrand factor exposure on endothelial cells and augmented platelet adhesion. During arterial thrombosis, eosinophils are quickly recruited in an integrin-dependent manner and engage in interactions with platelets leading to eosinophil activation as we show by intravital calcium imaging. These direct interactions induce the formation of eosinophil extracellular traps (EETs), which are present in human thrombi and constitute a substantial part of extracellular traps in murine thrombi. EETs are decorated with the granule protein major basic protein, which causes platelet activation by eosinophils. Consequently, targeting of EETs diminished thrombus formation in vivo, which identifies this approach as a novel antithrombotic concept. Finally, in our clinical analysis of coronary artery thrombi, we identified female patients with stent thrombosis as the population that might derive the greatest benefit from an eosinophil-inhibiting strategy. In summary, eosinophils contribute to atherosclerotic plaque formation and thrombosis through an interplay with platelets, resulting in mutual activation. Therefore, eosinophils are a promising new target in the prevention and therapy of atherosclerosis and thrombosis.
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16
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Zhao Z, Qiu P, Lu H, Yin M, Liu X, Li F, Liu K, Li D, Lu X, Li B. Near-infrared -triggered release of tirofiban from nanocarriers for the inhibition of platelet integrin αIIbβ3 to decrease early-stage neointima formation. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:4676-4685. [PMID: 32048702 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00555j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Platelets play an important role in the early stage of arterial remodeling after injury. Integrin GPIIb/IIIα (αIIbβ3) regulates platelet activation in the inside-out and outside-in signaling pathways. The use of tirofiban, an integrin αIIbβ3 inhibitor, in clinical therapy is limited by its short in vivo circulation time. Herein, a controlled drug-release system was formulated using CuS@mSiO2-PEG core-shell nanoparticles as near-infrared-triggered nanocarriers to release tirofiban on demand. The nanocarriers possessed good colloidal stability and very high loading efficiency for the integrin αIIbβ3 inhibitor (14.5 wt% for tirofiban). Local application of αIIbβ3 antagonist-tirofiban on an injured arterial wall inhibited platelet activation, which was accelerated by laser irradiation. Ex vivo platelet-promoted monocyte transmigration trans-well assays revealed decreased monocyte transmigration after platelet activation was inhibited by tirofiban. Two weeks after the wire-induced injury, the intimal area and cellular content were analyzed. The neointimal area was decreased in ApoE-/- mice with CuS@mSiO2-PEG/tirofiban and laser irradiation-promoted tirofiban release, which had limited the neointima formation. The lesions showed a decreased content of macrophages and smooth muscle cells compared with ApoE-/- mice without tirofiban inhibition. Therefore, the action of platelet-integrin αIIbβ3 in neointima formation after vascular injury was successfully inhibited in vivo through the controlled release of tirofiban using a near-infrared-triggered nanocarrier, leading to the decrease of early-stage neointima formation. This study also emphasizes the role of platelets in vascular remodeling and provides a new target, namely integrin αIIbβ3, for the inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia during vascular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Peng Qiu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Huaxiang Lu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Minyi Yin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Xiaobing Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Fengshi Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China. and Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Dalin Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xinwu Lu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
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17
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Ya F, Xu XR, Tian Z, Gallant RC, Song F, Shi Y, Wu Y, Wan J, Zhao Y, Adili R, Ling W, Ni H, Yang Y. Coenzyme Q10 attenuates platelet integrin αIIbβ3 signaling and platelet hyper-reactivity in ApoE-deficient mice. Food Funct 2020; 11:139-152. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01686d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
CoQ10 supplementation in ApoE−/− mice attenuates high-fat diet-induced platelet hyper-reactivity via down-regulating platelet αIIbβ3 signaling, and thus protecting against atherothrombosis.
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Hidalgo
- From the Area of Cell and Developmental Biology, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain (A.H.)
| | - Alan R Tall
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.R.T.)
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19
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Ya F, Xu XR, Shi Y, Gallant RC, Song F, Zuo X, Zhao Y, Tian Z, Zhang C, Xu X, Ling W, Ni H, Yang Y. Coenzyme Q10 Upregulates Platelet cAMP/PKA Pathway and Attenuates Integrin αIIbβ3 Signaling and Thrombus Growth. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1900662. [PMID: 31512815 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Platelet integrin αIIbβ3 is the key mediator of atherothrombosis. Supplementation of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a fat-soluble molecule that exists in various foods, exerts protective cardiovascular effects. This study aims to investigate whether and how CoQ10 acts on αIIbβ3 signaling and thrombosis, the major cause of cardiovascular diseases. METHODS AND RESULTS Using a series of platelet functional assays in vitro, it is demonstrated that CoQ10 reduces human platelet aggregation, granule secretion, platelet spreading, and clot retraction. It is further demonstrated that CoQ10 inhibits platelet integrin αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling. These inhibitory effects are mainly mediated by upregulating cAMP/PKA pathway, where CoQ10 stimulates the A2A adenosine receptor and decreases phosphodiesterase 3A phosphorylation. Moreover, CoQ10 attenuates murine thrombus growth and vessel occlusion in a ferric chloride (FeCl3 )-induced thrombosis model in vivo. Importantly, the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in dyslipidemic patients demonstrates that 24 weeks of CoQ10 supplementation increases platelet CoQ10 concentrations, enhances the cAMP/PKA pathway, and attenuates αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling, leading to decreased platelet aggregation and granule release. CONCLUSION Through upregulating the platelet cAMP/PKA pathway, and attenuating αIIbβ3 signaling and thrombus growth, CoQ10 supplementation may play an important protective role in patients with risks of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuli Ya
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China.,Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Nutrition Translation, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China
| | - Xiaohong Ruby Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Yilin Shi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China.,Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Nutrition Translation, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China
| | - Reid C Gallant
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Fenglin Song
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, China
| | - Xiao Zuo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China.,Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Nutrition Translation, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China.,School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, China
| | - Yimin Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China.,Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Nutrition Translation, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China.,School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, China
| | - Zezhong Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China.,Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Nutrition Translation, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China.,School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Xiping Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
| | - Wenhua Ling
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China.,Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Nutrition Translation, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China
| | - Heyu Ni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada.,Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M1, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A1, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A1, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Yan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China.,Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Nutrition Translation, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, China.,School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, China
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20
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Lebas H, Yahiaoui K, Martos R, Boulaftali Y. Platelets Are at the Nexus of Vascular Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:132. [PMID: 31572732 PMCID: PMC6749018 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are important actors of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Current antiplatelet drugs that inhibit platelet aggregation have been shown to be effective in CVD treatment. However, the management of bleeding complications is still an issue in vascular diseases. While platelets can act individually, they interact with vascular cells and leukocytes at sites of vascular injury and inflammation. The main goal remains to better understand platelet mechanisms in thrombo-inflammatory diseases and provide new lines of safe treatments. Beyond their role in hemostasis and thrombosis, recent studies have reported the role of several aspects of platelet functions in CVD progression. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive overview of platelet mechanisms involved in several vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héloïse Lebas
- Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sorbonne Paris Cite, Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Katia Yahiaoui
- Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sorbonne Paris Cite, Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Martos
- Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sorbonne Paris Cite, Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Yacine Boulaftali
- Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sorbonne Paris Cite, Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France
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21
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Inhibition of platelet GPVI induces intratumor hemorrhage and increases efficacy of chemotherapy in mice. Blood 2019; 133:2696-2706. [PMID: 30952674 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2018877043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of tumor vasculature integrity is indispensable for tumor growth and thus affects tumor progression. Previous studies have identified platelets as major regulators of tumor vascular integrity, as their depletion selectively rendered tumor vessels highly permeable and caused massive intratumoral hemorrhage. While these results established platelets as potential targets for antitumor therapy, their depletion is not a treatment option due to their essential role in hemostasis. Thus, a detailed understanding of how platelets safeguard vascular integrity in tumors is urgently demanded. Here, we show for the first time that functional inhibition of glycoprotein VI (GPVI) on the platelet surface with an antibody (JAQ1) F(ab)2 fragment rapidly induces tumor hemorrhage and diminishes tumor growth similar to complete platelet depletion while not inducing systemic bleeding complications. The intratumor bleeding and tumor growth arrest could be reverted by depletion of Ly6G+ cells, confirming them to be responsible for the induction of bleeding and necrosis within the tumor. In addition, JAQ1 F(ab)2-mediated GPVI inhibition increased intratumoral accumulation of coadministered chemotherapeutic agents, such as Doxil and paclitaxel, thereby resulting in a profound antitumor effect. In summary, our findings identify platelet GPVI as a key regulator of vascular integrity specifically in growing tumors and could serve as a basis for the development of antitumor strategies based on the interference with platelet function.
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22
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Gawaz M, Borst O. The Role of Platelets in Atherothrombosis. Platelets 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-813456-6.00026-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Coller BS. Foreword: A Brief History of Ideas About Platelets in Health and Disease. Platelets 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-813456-6.09988-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Harrison MJ, Chimen M, Hussain M, Iqbal AJ, Senis YA, Nash GB, Watson SP, Rainger GE. Signalling through Src family kinase isoforms is not redundant in models of thrombo-inflammatory vascular disease. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4317-4327. [PMID: 29974666 PMCID: PMC6111872 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Src family kinases (SFK) are a group of signalling molecules with important regulatory functions in inflammation and haemostasis. Leucocytes and platelets express multiple isoforms of the SFKs. Previous studies used broad‐spectrum pharmacological inhibitors, or murine models deficient in multiple SFK isoforms, to demonstrate the functional consequences of deficiencies in SFK signalling. Here, we hypothesized that individual SFK operate in a non‐redundant fashion in the thrombo‐inflammatory recruitment of monocyte during atherosclerosis. Using in vitro adhesion assays and single SFK knockout mice crossed with the ApoE−/− model of atherosclerosis, we find that SFK signalling regulates platelet‐dependent recruitment of monocytes. However, loss of a single SFK, Fgr or Lyn, reduced platelet‐mediated monocyte recruitment in vitro. This translated into a significant reduction in the burden of atherosclerotic disease in Fgr−/−/ApoE−/− or Lyn−/−/ApoE−/− animals. SFK signalling is not redundant in thrombo‐inflammatory vascular disease and individual SFK may represent targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Harrison
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Science, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Myriam Chimen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Science, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mohammed Hussain
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Science, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Asif J Iqbal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Science, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Yotis A Senis
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Science, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gerard B Nash
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Science, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Steve P Watson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Science, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - G Ed Rainger
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Science, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Abstract
This overview article for the Comprehensive Physiology collection is focused on detailing platelets, how platelets respond to various stimuli, how platelets interact with their external biochemical environment, and the role of platelets in physiological and pathological processes. Specifically, we will discuss the four major functions of platelets: activation, adhesion, aggregation, and inflammation. We will extend this discussion to include various mechanisms that can induce these functional changes and a discussion of some of the salient receptors that are responsible for platelets interacting with their external environment. We will finish with a discussion of how platelets interact with their vascular environment, with a special focus on interactions with the extracellular matrix and endothelial cells, and finally how platelets can aid and possibly initiate the progression of various vascular diseases. Throughout this overview, we will highlight both the historical investigations into the role of platelets in health and disease as well as some of the more current work. Overall, the authors aim for the readers to gain an appreciation for the complexity of platelet functions and the multifaceted role of platelets in the vascular system. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 8:1117-1156, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Rubenstein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Wei Yin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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Doddapattar P, Dhanesha N, Chorawala MR, Tinsman C, Jain M, Nayak MK, Staber JM, Chauhan AK. Endothelial Cell-Derived Von Willebrand Factor, But Not Platelet-Derived, Promotes Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:520-528. [PMID: 29348121 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE VWF (von Willebrand factor) is synthesized by endothelial cells and megakaryocytes and is known to contribute to atherosclerosis. In vitro studies suggest that platelet-derived VWF (Plt-VWF) is biochemically and functionally different from endothelial cell-derived VWF (EC-VWF). We determined the role of different pools of VWF in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. APPROACH AND RESULTS Using bone marrow transplantation, we generated chimeric Plt-VWF, EC-VWF, and Plt-VWF mice lacking a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type I repeats-13 in platelets and plasma on apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe-/-) background. Controls were chimeric Apoe-/- mice transplanted with bone marrow from Apoe-/- mice (wild type) and Vwf-/-Apoe-/- mice transplanted with bone marrow from Vwf-/-Apoe-/- mice (VWF-knock out). Susceptibility to atherosclerosis was evaluated in whole aortae and cross-sections of the aortic sinus in female mice fed a high-fat Western diet for 14 weeks. VWF-knock out, Plt-VWF, and Plt-VWF mice lacking a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type I repeats-13 exhibited reduced plaque size characterized by smaller necrotic cores, reduced neutrophil and monocytes/macrophages content, decreased MMP9 (matrix metalloproteinase), MMP2, and CX3CL1 (chemokine [C-X3-C motif] ligand 1)-positive area, and abundant interstitial collagen (P<0.05 versus wild-type or EC-VWF mice). Atherosclerotic lesion size and composition were comparable between wild-type or EC-VWF mice. Together these findings suggest that EC-VWF, but not Plt-VWF, promotes atherosclerosis exacerbation. Furthermore, intravital microscopy experiments revealed that EC-VWF, but not Plt-VWF, contributes to platelet and leukocyte adhesion under inflammatory conditions at the arterial shear rate. CONCLUSIONS EC-VWF, but not Plt-VWF, contributes to VWF-dependent atherosclerosis by promoting platelet adhesion and vascular inflammation. Plt-VWF even in the absence of a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type I repeats-13, both in platelet and plasma, was not sufficient to promote atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Doddapattar
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (P.D., N.D., M.R.C., M.J., M.K.N., A.K.C.) and Stead Family Department of Pediatrics (C.T., J.M.S.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Nirav Dhanesha
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (P.D., N.D., M.R.C., M.J., M.K.N., A.K.C.) and Stead Family Department of Pediatrics (C.T., J.M.S.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Mehul R Chorawala
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (P.D., N.D., M.R.C., M.J., M.K.N., A.K.C.) and Stead Family Department of Pediatrics (C.T., J.M.S.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Chandler Tinsman
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (P.D., N.D., M.R.C., M.J., M.K.N., A.K.C.) and Stead Family Department of Pediatrics (C.T., J.M.S.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Manish Jain
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (P.D., N.D., M.R.C., M.J., M.K.N., A.K.C.) and Stead Family Department of Pediatrics (C.T., J.M.S.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Manasa K Nayak
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (P.D., N.D., M.R.C., M.J., M.K.N., A.K.C.) and Stead Family Department of Pediatrics (C.T., J.M.S.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Janice M Staber
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (P.D., N.D., M.R.C., M.J., M.K.N., A.K.C.) and Stead Family Department of Pediatrics (C.T., J.M.S.), University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Anil K Chauhan
- From the Department of Internal Medicine (P.D., N.D., M.R.C., M.J., M.K.N., A.K.C.) and Stead Family Department of Pediatrics (C.T., J.M.S.), University of Iowa, Iowa City.
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27
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Nurden A. Platelets, inflammation and tissue regeneration. Thromb Haemost 2017; 105 Suppl 1:S13-33. [DOI: 10.1160/ths10-11-0720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 469] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SummaryBlood platelets have long been recognised to bring about primary haemostasis with deficiencies in platelet production and function manifesting in bleeding while upregulated function favourises arterial thrombosis. Yet increasing evidence indicates that platelets fulfil a much wider role in health and disease. First, they store and release a wide range of biologically active substances including the panoply of growth factors, chemokines and cytokines released from α-granules. Membrane budding gives rise to microparticles (MPs), another active participant within the blood stream. Platelets are essential for the innate immune response and combat infection (viruses, bacteria, micro-organisms). They help maintain and modulate inflammation and are a major source of pro-inflammatory molecules (e.g. P-selectin, tissue factor, CD40L, metalloproteinases). As well as promoting coagulation, they are active in fibrinolysis; wound healing, angiogenesis and bone formation as well as in maternal tissue and foetal vascular remodelling. Activated platelets and MPs intervene in the propagation of major diseases. They are major players in atherosclerosis and related diseases, pathologies of the central nervous system (Alzheimers disease, multiple sclerosis), cancer and tumour growth. They participate in other tissue-related acquired pathologies such as skin diseases and allergy, rheumatoid arthritis, liver disease; while, paradoxically, autologous platelet-rich plasma and platelet releasate are being used as an aid to promote tissue repair and cellular growth. The above mentioned roles of platelets are now discussed.
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Tseng CN, Chang YT, Lengquist M, Kronqvist M, Hedin U, Eriksson EE. Platelet adhesion on endothelium early after vein grafting mediates leukocyte recruitment and intimal hyperplasia in a murine model. Thromb Haemost 2017; 113:813-25. [DOI: 10.1160/th14-07-0608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
SummaryIntimal hyperplasia (IH) is the substrate for accelerated atherosclerosis and limited patency of vein grafts. However, there is still no specific treatment targeting IH following graft surgery. In this study, we used a mouse model of vein grafting to investigate the potential for early intervention with platelet function for later development of graft IH. We transferred the inferior vena cava (IVC) from donor C57BL/6 mice to the carotid artery in recipients using a cuff technique. We found extensive endothelial injury and platelet adhesion one hour following grafting. Adhesion of leukocytes was distinct in areas of platelet adhesion. Platelet and leukocyte adhesion was strongly reduced in mice receiving a function-blocking antibody against the integrin αIIbβ3. This was followed by a reduction of IH one month following grafting. Depletion of platelets using antiserum also reduced IH at later time points. These findings indicate platelets as pivotal to leukocyte recruitment to the wall of vein grafts. In conclusion, the data also highlight early intervention of platelets and inflammation as potential treatment for later formation of IH and accelerated atherosclerosis following bypass surgery.
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29
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Li N. CD4+ T cells in atherosclerosis: Regulation by platelets. Thromb Haemost 2017; 109:980-90. [DOI: 10.1160/th12-11-0819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SummaryAtherosclerosis is an inflammatory and thrombotic disease, in which both CD4+ T cells and platelets play important roles throughout all stages of atherogenesis. CD4+ T cells are the most abundant T cells present in atherosclerotic lesions. They are primarily seen as type 1 T helper (Th1) cells, while the other CD4+ T cell subsets Th2, Th17, and regulatory T (Treg) cells are also found in the lesions with lower frequencies. CD4+ T effector cells release various cytokines, which exert paracrine or autocrine effects among different CD4+ T cell subsets and other lesional cells and subsequently modulate inflammatory processes in the lesions. Platelets are instrumental in thrombosis and haemostasis, but also play important regulatory roles in immune response, inflammation, and angiogenesis. The present review summarises the current knowledge and/or understanding on how platelets regulate recruitment, activation, differentiation, and cytokine production of different CD4+ T cell subsets, as well as impacts of the platelet-CD4+ T cell interactions on atherogenesis. The research perspectives of platelet-CD4+ T cell interaction in atherosclerosis are also discussed.
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Borst S, Sim X, Poncz M, French DL, Gadue P. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Megakaryocytes and Platelets for Disease Modeling and Future Clinical Applications. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:2007-2013. [PMID: 28982668 PMCID: PMC5675007 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Platelets, derived from megakaryocytes, are anucleate cytoplasmic discs that circulate in the blood stream and play major roles in hemostasis, inflammation, and vascular biology. Platelet transfusions are used in a variety of medical settings to prevent life-threatening thrombocytopenia because of cancer therapy, other causes of acquired or inherited thrombocytopenia, and trauma. Currently, platelets used for transfusion purposes are donor derived. However, there is a drive to generate nondonor sources of platelets to help supplement donor-derived platelets. Efforts have been made by many laboratories to generate in vitro platelets and optimize their production and quality. In vitro-derived platelets have the potential to be a safer, more uniform product, and genetic manipulation could allow for better treatment of patients who become refractory to donor-derived units. This review focuses on potential clinical applications of in vitro-derived megakaryocytes and platelets, current methods to generate and expand megakaryocytes from pluripotent stem cell sources, and the use of these cells for disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Borst
- From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Perelman School of Medicine (S.B., X.S.), Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine (M.P.), and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (D.L.F., P.G.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics (S.B., X.S., D.L.F., P.G.) and Division of Hematology (M.P.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA
| | - Xiuli Sim
- From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Perelman School of Medicine (S.B., X.S.), Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine (M.P.), and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (D.L.F., P.G.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics (S.B., X.S., D.L.F., P.G.) and Division of Hematology (M.P.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA
| | - Mortimer Poncz
- From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Perelman School of Medicine (S.B., X.S.), Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine (M.P.), and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (D.L.F., P.G.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics (S.B., X.S., D.L.F., P.G.) and Division of Hematology (M.P.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA
| | - Deborah L French
- From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Perelman School of Medicine (S.B., X.S.), Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine (M.P.), and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (D.L.F., P.G.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics (S.B., X.S., D.L.F., P.G.) and Division of Hematology (M.P.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA
| | - Paul Gadue
- From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Perelman School of Medicine (S.B., X.S.), Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine (M.P.), and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (D.L.F., P.G.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics (S.B., X.S., D.L.F., P.G.) and Division of Hematology (M.P.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA.
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31
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Platelet interaction with activated endothelium: mechanistic insights from microfluidics. Blood 2017; 130:2819-2828. [PMID: 29018081 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-04-780825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, in vitro flow chamber experiments and in vivo arterial thrombosis studies have been proved to be of vital importance to elucidate the mechanisms of platelet thrombus formation after vessel wall injury. In recent years, it has become clear that platelets also act as modulators of inflammatory processes, such as atherosclerosis. A key element herein is the complex cross talk between platelets, the coagulation system, leukocytes, and the activated endothelium. This review provides insight into the platelet-endothelial interface, based on in vitro flow chamber studies and cross referenced with in vivo thrombosis studies. The main mechanisms of platelet interaction with the activated endothelium encompass (1) platelet rolling via interaction of platelet glycoprotein Ib-IX-V with endothelial-released von Willebrand factor with a supporting role for the P-selectin/P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 axis, followed by (2) firm platelet adhesion to the endothelium via interaction of platelet αIIbβ3 with endothelial αvβ3 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and (3) a stimulatory role for thrombin, the thrombospondin-1/CD36 axis and cyclooxygenase 1 in subsequent platelet activation and stable thrombus formation. In addition, the molecular mechanisms underlying the stimulatory effect of platelets on leukocyte transendothelial migration, a key mediator of atheroprogression, are discussed. Throughout the review, emphasis is placed on recommendations for setting up, reporting, interpreting, and comparing endothelial-lined flow chamber studies and suggestions for future studies.
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32
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Kiouptsi K, Gambaryan S, Walter E, Walter U, Jurk K, Reinhardt C. Hypoxia impairs agonist-induced integrin α IIbβ 3 activation and platelet aggregation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7621. [PMID: 28790378 PMCID: PMC5548784 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07988-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Under ischemic conditions, tissues are exposed to hypoxia. Although human physiology, to a certain extent, can adapt to hypoxic conditions, the impact of low oxygen levels on platelet function is unresolved. Therefore, we explored how reduction of atmospheric oxygen levels to 1% might affect agonist-induced aggregation and static adhesion of isolated human platelets. We uncovered that isolated, washed human platelets exposed to hypoxic conditions show reduced thrombin receptor-activating peptide-6 (TRAP-6) and convulxin-induced aggregation. Of note, this hypoxia-triggered effect was not observed in platelet-rich plasma. Independent of the agonist used (TRAP-6, ADP), activation of the platelet fibrinogen receptor integrin αIIbβ3 (GPIIbIIIa, CD41/CD61) was strongly reduced at 1% and 8% oxygen. The difference in agonist-induced integrin αIIbβ3 activation was apparent within 5 minutes of stimulation. Following hypoxia, re-oxygenation resulted in the recovery of integrin αIIbβ3 activation. Importantly, platelet secretion was not impaired by hypoxia. Static adhesion experiments revealed decreased platelet deposition to fibrinogen coatings, but not to collagen or vitronectin coatings, indicating that specifically the function of the integrin subunit αIIb is impaired by exposure of platelets to reduced oxygen levels. Our results reveal an unexpected effect of oxygen deprivation on platelet aggregation mediated by the fibrinogen receptor integrin αIIbβ3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klytaimnistra Kiouptsi
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, Building 708, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stepan Gambaryan
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, Building 708, 55131, Mainz, Germany.,Sechenov Instutute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena Walter
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, Building 708, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ulrich Walter
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, Building 708, 55131, Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kerstin Jurk
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, Building 708, 55131, Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Reinhardt
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, Building 708, 55131, Mainz, Germany. .,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany.
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Boulaftali Y, Owens AP, Beale A, Piatt R, Casari C, Lee RH, Conley PB, Paul DS, Mackman N, Bergmeier W. CalDAG-GEFI Deficiency Reduces Atherosclerotic Lesion Development in Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:792-9. [PMID: 26988592 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.306347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Platelets are important for the development and progression of atherosclerotic lesions. However, relatively little is known about the contribution of platelet signaling to this pathological process. Our recent work identified 2 independent, yet synergistic, signaling pathways that lead to the activation of the small GTPase Rap1; one mediated by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor, CalDAG-GEFI (CDGI), the other by P2Y12, a platelet receptor for adenosine diphosphate and the target of antiplatelet drugs. In this study, we evaluated lesion formation in atherosclerosis-prone low-density lipoprotein receptor deficient (Ldlr(-/-)) mice lacking CDGI or P2Y12 in hematopoietic cells. APPROACH AND RESULTS Lethally irradiated Ldlr(-/-) mice were reconstituted with bone marrow from wild-type (WT), Caldaggef1(-/-) (cdgI(-/-)), p2y12(-/-), or cdgI(-/-)p2y12(-/-) (double knockout [DKO]) mice and fed a high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Ldlr(-/-) chimeras deficient for CDGI or P2Y12 developed significantly smaller atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic sinus and in aortas when compared with the Ldlr(-/-)/WT controls. We also observed a significant reduction in platelet-leukocyte aggregates in blood from hypercholesterolemic Ldlr(-/-)/cdgI(-/-) and Ldlr(-/-)/p2y12(-/-) chimeras. Consistently, fewer macrophages and neutrophils were detected in the aortic sinus of Ldlr(-/-)/cdgI(-/-) and Ldlr(-/-)/ p2y12(-/-) chimeras. Compared with controls, the plaque collagen content was significantly higher in Ldlr(-/-) chimeras lacking CDGI. Interestingly, no statistically significant additive effects were seen in Ldlr(-/-)/DKO chimeras when compared with chimeras lacking only CDGI. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that CDGI is critical for atherosclerotic plaque development in hypercholesterolemic Ldlr(-/-) mice because of its contribution to platelet-leukocyte aggregate formation and leukocyte recruitment to the lesion area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacine Boulaftali
- From the McAllister Heart Institute and Department of Medicine (Y.B., A.P.O., A.B., R.P., C.C., R.H.L., D.S.P., N.M., W.B.), Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (W.B.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; and Portola Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA (P.B.C.)
| | - A Phillip Owens
- From the McAllister Heart Institute and Department of Medicine (Y.B., A.P.O., A.B., R.P., C.C., R.H.L., D.S.P., N.M., W.B.), Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (W.B.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; and Portola Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA (P.B.C.)
| | - Ashley Beale
- From the McAllister Heart Institute and Department of Medicine (Y.B., A.P.O., A.B., R.P., C.C., R.H.L., D.S.P., N.M., W.B.), Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (W.B.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; and Portola Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA (P.B.C.)
| | - Raymond Piatt
- From the McAllister Heart Institute and Department of Medicine (Y.B., A.P.O., A.B., R.P., C.C., R.H.L., D.S.P., N.M., W.B.), Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (W.B.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; and Portola Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA (P.B.C.)
| | - Caterina Casari
- From the McAllister Heart Institute and Department of Medicine (Y.B., A.P.O., A.B., R.P., C.C., R.H.L., D.S.P., N.M., W.B.), Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (W.B.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; and Portola Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA (P.B.C.)
| | - Robert H Lee
- From the McAllister Heart Institute and Department of Medicine (Y.B., A.P.O., A.B., R.P., C.C., R.H.L., D.S.P., N.M., W.B.), Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (W.B.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; and Portola Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA (P.B.C.)
| | - Pamela B Conley
- From the McAllister Heart Institute and Department of Medicine (Y.B., A.P.O., A.B., R.P., C.C., R.H.L., D.S.P., N.M., W.B.), Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (W.B.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; and Portola Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA (P.B.C.)
| | - David S Paul
- From the McAllister Heart Institute and Department of Medicine (Y.B., A.P.O., A.B., R.P., C.C., R.H.L., D.S.P., N.M., W.B.), Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (W.B.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; and Portola Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA (P.B.C.)
| | - Nigel Mackman
- From the McAllister Heart Institute and Department of Medicine (Y.B., A.P.O., A.B., R.P., C.C., R.H.L., D.S.P., N.M., W.B.), Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (W.B.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; and Portola Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA (P.B.C.)
| | - Wolfgang Bergmeier
- From the McAllister Heart Institute and Department of Medicine (Y.B., A.P.O., A.B., R.P., C.C., R.H.L., D.S.P., N.M., W.B.), Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (W.B.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; and Portola Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA (P.B.C.).
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Schmidt EP, Kuebler WM, Lee WL, Downey GP. Adhesion Molecules: Master Controllers of the Circulatory System. Compr Physiol 2016; 6:945-73. [PMID: 27065171 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c150020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript will review our current understanding of cellular adhesion molecules (CAMs) relevant to the circulatory system, their physiological role in control of vascular homeostasis, innate and adaptive immune responses, and their importance in pathophysiological (disease) processes such as acute lung injury, atherosclerosis, and pulmonary hypertension. This is a complex and rapidly changing area of research that is incompletely understood. By design, we will begin with a brief overview of the structure and classification of the major groups of adhesion molecules and their physiological functions including cellular adhesion and signaling. The role of specific CAMs in the process of platelet aggregation and hemostasis and leukocyte adhesion and transendothelial migration will be reviewed as examples of the complex and cooperative interplay between CAMs during physiological and pathophysiological processes. The role of the endothelial glycocalyx and the glycobiology of this complex system related to inflammatory states such as sepsis will be reviewed. We will then focus on the role of adhesion molecules in the pathogenesis of specific disease processes involving the lungs and cardiovascular system. The potential of targeting adhesion molecules in the treatment of immune and inflammatory diseases will be highlighted in the relevant sections throughout the manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric P Schmidt
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Wolfgang M Kuebler
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Surgery and Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Warren L Lee
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Respirology and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregory P Downey
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Departments of Medicine, and Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Gap junctions and connexin hemichannels in the regulation of haemostasis and thrombosis. Biochem Soc Trans 2016; 43:489-94. [PMID: 26009196 DOI: 10.1042/bst20150055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Platelets are involved in the maintenance of haemostasis but their inappropriate activation leads to thrombosis, a principal trigger for heart attack and ischaemic stroke. Although platelets circulate in isolation, upon activation they accumulate or aggregate together to form a thrombus, where they function in a co-ordinated manner to prevent loss of blood and control wound repair. Previous report (1) indicates that the stability and functions of a thrombus are maintained through sustained, contact-dependent signalling between platelets. Given the role of gap junctions in the co-ordination of tissue responses, it was hypothesized that gap junctions may be present within a thrombus and mediate intercellular communication between platelets. Therefore studies were performed to explore the presence and functions of connexins in platelets. In this brief review, the roles of hemichannels and gap junctions in the control of thrombosis and haemostasis and the future directions for this research will be discussed.
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Gerdes N, Seijkens T, Lievens D, Kuijpers MJE, Winkels H, Projahn D, Hartwig H, Beckers L, Megens RTA, Boon L, Noelle RJ, Soehnlein O, Heemskerk JWM, Weber C, Lutgens E. Platelet CD40 Exacerbates Atherosclerosis by Transcellular Activation of Endothelial Cells and Leukocytes. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:482-90. [PMID: 26821950 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.307074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Beyond their eminent role in hemostasis and thrombosis, platelets are recognized as mediators of inflammation. Platelet cluster of differentiation 40 (CD40) ligand (CD40L and CD154) plays a key role in mediating platelet-induced inflammation in atherosclerosis. CD40, the receptor for CD40L, is present on platelets; however, the role of CD40 on this cell type is until now undefined. APPROACH AND RESULTS We found that in both mice and humans, platelet CD40 mediates the formation of platelet-leukocyte aggregates and the release of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 4. Leukocytes were also less prone to adhere to CD40-deficient thrombi. However, platelet CD40 was not involved in platelet aggregation. Activated platelets isolated from Cd40(-/-)Apoe(-/-) mice adhered less to the endothelium upon injection into Apoe(-/-) mice when compared with CD40-sufficient platelets. Furthermore, lack of CD40 on injected platelets led to reduced leukocyte recruitment to the carotid artery as assayed by intravital microscopy. This was accompanied by a decrease in endothelial vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule, VE-cadherin, and P-selectin expression. To investigate the effect of platelet CD40 in atherosclerosis, Apoe(-/-) mice received thrombin-activated Apoe(-/-) or Cd40(-/-)Apoe(-/-) platelets every 5 days for 12 weeks, starting at the age of 17 weeks, when atherosclerotic plaques had already formed. When compared with mice that received Apoe(-/-) platelets, those receiving Cd40(-/-)Apoe(-/-) platelets exhibited a >2-fold reduction in atherosclerosis. Plaques of mice receiving CD40-deficient platelets were less advanced, contained less macrophages, neutrophils, and collagen, and displayed smaller lipid cores. CONCLUSIONS Platelet CD40 plays a crucial role in inflammation by stimulating leukocyte activation and recruitment and activation of endothelial cells, thereby promoting atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Gerdes
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (N.G., D.L., H.W., D.P., R.T.A.M., O.S., C.W., E.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (T.S., H.H., L.B., O.S., E.L.); Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.J.E.K., J.W.M.H., C.W.); Bioceros BV, Utrecht, The Netherlands (L.B.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.N.)
| | - Tom Seijkens
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (N.G., D.L., H.W., D.P., R.T.A.M., O.S., C.W., E.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (T.S., H.H., L.B., O.S., E.L.); Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.J.E.K., J.W.M.H., C.W.); Bioceros BV, Utrecht, The Netherlands (L.B.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.N.)
| | - Dirk Lievens
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (N.G., D.L., H.W., D.P., R.T.A.M., O.S., C.W., E.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (T.S., H.H., L.B., O.S., E.L.); Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.J.E.K., J.W.M.H., C.W.); Bioceros BV, Utrecht, The Netherlands (L.B.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.N.)
| | - Marijke J E Kuijpers
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (N.G., D.L., H.W., D.P., R.T.A.M., O.S., C.W., E.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (T.S., H.H., L.B., O.S., E.L.); Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.J.E.K., J.W.M.H., C.W.); Bioceros BV, Utrecht, The Netherlands (L.B.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.N.)
| | - Holger Winkels
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (N.G., D.L., H.W., D.P., R.T.A.M., O.S., C.W., E.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (T.S., H.H., L.B., O.S., E.L.); Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.J.E.K., J.W.M.H., C.W.); Bioceros BV, Utrecht, The Netherlands (L.B.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.N.)
| | - Delia Projahn
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (N.G., D.L., H.W., D.P., R.T.A.M., O.S., C.W., E.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (T.S., H.H., L.B., O.S., E.L.); Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.J.E.K., J.W.M.H., C.W.); Bioceros BV, Utrecht, The Netherlands (L.B.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.N.)
| | - Helene Hartwig
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (N.G., D.L., H.W., D.P., R.T.A.M., O.S., C.W., E.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (T.S., H.H., L.B., O.S., E.L.); Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.J.E.K., J.W.M.H., C.W.); Bioceros BV, Utrecht, The Netherlands (L.B.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.N.)
| | - Linda Beckers
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (N.G., D.L., H.W., D.P., R.T.A.M., O.S., C.W., E.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (T.S., H.H., L.B., O.S., E.L.); Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.J.E.K., J.W.M.H., C.W.); Bioceros BV, Utrecht, The Netherlands (L.B.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.N.)
| | - Remco T A Megens
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (N.G., D.L., H.W., D.P., R.T.A.M., O.S., C.W., E.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (T.S., H.H., L.B., O.S., E.L.); Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.J.E.K., J.W.M.H., C.W.); Bioceros BV, Utrecht, The Netherlands (L.B.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.N.)
| | - Louis Boon
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (N.G., D.L., H.W., D.P., R.T.A.M., O.S., C.W., E.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (T.S., H.H., L.B., O.S., E.L.); Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.J.E.K., J.W.M.H., C.W.); Bioceros BV, Utrecht, The Netherlands (L.B.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.N.)
| | - Randolph J Noelle
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (N.G., D.L., H.W., D.P., R.T.A.M., O.S., C.W., E.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (T.S., H.H., L.B., O.S., E.L.); Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.J.E.K., J.W.M.H., C.W.); Bioceros BV, Utrecht, The Netherlands (L.B.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.N.)
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (N.G., D.L., H.W., D.P., R.T.A.M., O.S., C.W., E.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (T.S., H.H., L.B., O.S., E.L.); Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.J.E.K., J.W.M.H., C.W.); Bioceros BV, Utrecht, The Netherlands (L.B.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.N.)
| | - Johan W M Heemskerk
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (N.G., D.L., H.W., D.P., R.T.A.M., O.S., C.W., E.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (T.S., H.H., L.B., O.S., E.L.); Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.J.E.K., J.W.M.H., C.W.); Bioceros BV, Utrecht, The Netherlands (L.B.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.N.)
| | - Christian Weber
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (N.G., D.L., H.W., D.P., R.T.A.M., O.S., C.W., E.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (T.S., H.H., L.B., O.S., E.L.); Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.J.E.K., J.W.M.H., C.W.); Bioceros BV, Utrecht, The Netherlands (L.B.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.N.)
| | - Esther Lutgens
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (N.G., D.L., H.W., D.P., R.T.A.M., O.S., C.W., E.L.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (T.S., H.H., L.B., O.S., E.L.); Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.J.E.K., J.W.M.H., C.W.); Bioceros BV, Utrecht, The Netherlands (L.B.); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.N.).
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Ahmadsei M, Lievens D, Weber C, von Hundelshausen P, Gerdes N. Immune-mediated and lipid-mediated platelet function in atherosclerosis. Curr Opin Lipidol 2015; 26:438-48. [PMID: 26270811 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0000000000000212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide. Detailed knowledge of the mechanisms of atherosclerosis, the main underlying disease of CVD, will enable improved preventive and therapeutic options, thus potentially limiting the burden of vascular disease in aging societies. A large body of evidence illustrates the contribution of platelets to processes beyond their traditionally recognized role as mediators in thrombosis and hemostasis. Recent advances in molecular biology help to understand the complexity of atherosclerosis. RECENT FINDINGS This article outlines the role of platelets as modulators of immune responses in the context of atherosclerosis. It provides a short overview of interactions between platelets and endothelial cells or immune cells via direct cell contact or soluble factors during atherogenesis. By means of some well examined, exemplary pathways (e.g. CD40/CD40L dyad), this article will discuss recent discoveries in immune-related function of platelets. We also focus on the relationship between platelets and the lipid metabolism highlighting potential consequences to atherosclerosis and dyslipidemia. SUMMARY A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of platelet-related immune activity allows their utilization as powerful diagnostic tools or targets of therapeutic intervention. Those findings might help to develop new classes of drugs which may supplement or replace classical anticoagulants and help clinicians to tackle CVD more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiwand Ahmadsei
- aInstitute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany bDZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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Oksala N, Pärssinen J, Seppälä I, Klopp N, Illig T, Laaksonen R, Levula M, Raitoharju E, Kholova I, Sioris T, Kähönen M, Lehtimäki T, Hytönen VP. Kindlin 3 (FERMT3) is associated with unstable atherosclerotic plaques, anti-inflammatory type II macrophages and upregulation of beta-2 integrins in all major arterial beds. Atherosclerosis 2015; 242:145-54. [PMID: 26188538 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kindlins (FERMT) are cytoplasmic proteins required for integrin (ITG) activation, leukocyte transmigration, platelet aggregation and thrombosis. Characterization of kindlins and their association with atherosclerotic plaques in human(s) is lacking. METHODS AND RESULTS Exploratory microarray (MA) was first performed followed by selective quantitative validation of robustly expressed genes with qRT-PCR low-density array (LDA). In LDA, ITGA1 (1.30-fold, p = 0.041) and ITGB3 (1.37-fold, p = 0.036) were upregulated in whole blood samples of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) compared to healthy controls. In arterial plaques, both robustly expressed transcript variants of FERMT3 (MA: 5.90- and 3.4-fold; LDA: 3.99-fold, p < 0.0001 for all) and ITGB2 (MA: 4.81- and 4.92-fold; LDA: 5.29-fold, p < 0.0001 for all) were upregulated while FERMT2 was downregulated (MA: -1.61-fold; LDA: -2.88-fold, p < 0.0001 for both). The other integrins (ITGA1, ITGAV, ITGB3, ITGB5) were downregulated. All these results were replicated in at least one arterial bed. The latter FERMT3 transcript variant associated with unstable plaques (p = 0.0004). FERMT3 correlated with M2 macrophage markers and in hierarchical cluster analysis clustered with inflammatory and macrophage markers, while FERMT2 correlated with SMC-rich plaque markers and clustered with SMC markers. In confocal immunofluorescence analysis, FERMT3 protein colocalized with abundant CD68-positive cells of monocytic origin in the atherosclerotic plaques, while co-localization of FERMT3 with HHF35 indicative of smooth muscle cells was low. CONCLUSIONS Kindlin-3 (FERMT3) is upregulated in atherosclerotic, especially unstable plaques, mainly in cells of monocytic origin and of M2 type. Simultaneous upregulation of ITGB2 suggests a synergistic effect on leukocyte adherence and transmigration into the vessel wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niku Oksala
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland; Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Finland.
| | - Jenita Pärssinen
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland and Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ilkka Seppälä
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Norman Klopp
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany; Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Illig
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany; Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland
| | - Mari Levula
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Emma Raitoharju
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ivana Kholova
- Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Thanos Sioris
- Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland; Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland
| | - Vesa P Hytönen
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland and Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Clopidogrel response variability is associated with endothelial dysfunction in coronary artery disease patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy. Atherosclerosis 2015; 242:102-8. [PMID: 26188531 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and a platelet P2Y12 ADP receptor antagonist is the cornerstone of treatment following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Several clinical and genetic factors can cause suboptimal clopidogrel response. We examined the impact of endothelial dysfunction on clopidogrel response variability in subjects with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) after PCI. METHODS We consecutively enrolled 198 patients with stable CAD one month after successful PCI. All patients were receiving dual antiplatelet therapy (clopidogrel 75 mg and aspirin 100 mg/day). Platelet reactivity was measured by VerifyNow P2Y12 assay (Accumetrics, San Diego, CA). VerifyNow reports its results in P2Y12 reaction units (PRU) and the diagnostic cut-off value is 230. Endothelial function was evaluated by flow mediated dilation (FMD). RESULTS Patients with high on treatment platelet reactivity (32% of the study population), compared to subjects with low on treatment platelet reactivity, presented decreased FMD values (4.35 ± 2.22% vs. 5.74 ± 3.29%, p = 0.01). Moreover, an inverse association between endothelial function measurement and platelet reactivity (r = -0.24, p = 0.001) was found. Importantly, multivariate analysis after adjustment for age, gender and confounders revealed by the univariate analysis (left ventricle ejection fraction, body mass index, diabetes, dyslipidemia, coronary lesion number) showed that for every decrease in FMD by 1% there is an anticipated increased in the odds of patients to have HPR by 1.66 (95% CI 1.03-2.57, p = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS Endothelial dysfunction is associated with clopidogrel response variability in patients after PCI receiving dual antiplatelet therapy. These findings shed some light on the mechanisms affecting individual platelet response to antiplatelet therapy and may explain the non-straight forward association between clopidogrel dose, platelet inhibition and cardiovascular outcome.
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Clopidogrel significantly lowers the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE-deficient mice in vivo. Heart Vessels 2015; 31:783-94. [PMID: 26062773 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-015-0696-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The anti-platelet drug clopidogrel has been shown to modulate adhesion molecule and cytokine expression, both playing an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of clopidogrel on the development and progression of atherosclerosis. ApoE(-/-) mice fed an atherogenic diet (cholesterol: 1 %) for 6 months received a daily dose of clopidogrel (1 mg/kg) by i.p. injection. Anti-platelet treatment was started immediately in one experimental group, and in another group clopidogrel was started 2 month after beginning of the atherogenic diet. Blood was analysed at days 30, 60 and 120 to monitor the lipid profile. After 6 months the aortic arch and brachiocephalic artery were analysed by Sudan IV staining for plaque size and by morphometry for luminal occlusion. Serum levels of various adhesion molecules were investigated by ELISA and the cellular infiltrate was analysed by immunofluorescence. After daily treatment with 1 mg/kg clopidogrel mice showed a significant reduction of atherosclerotic lesions in the thoracic aorta and within cross sections of the aortic arch [plaque formation 55.2 % (clopidogrel/start) vs. 76.5 % (untreated control) n = 8, P < 0.05]. After treatment with clopidogrel P-/E-selectin levels and cytokine levels of MCP-1 and PDGFβ were significantly reduced as compared to controls. The cellular infiltrate showed significantly reduced macrophage and T-cell infiltration in clopidogrel-treated animals. These results show that clopidogrel can effectively delay the development and progression of 'de-novo' atherosclerosis. However, once atherosclerotic lesions were already present, anti-platelet treatment alone did not result in reverse remodelling of these lesions.
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Mezger M, Göbel K, Kraft P, Meuth SG, Kleinschnitz C, Langer HF. Platelets and vascular inflammation of the brain. Hamostaseologie 2015; 35:244-51. [PMID: 25987266 DOI: 10.5482/hamo-14-11-0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED There is emerging evidence that platelets have an important role in inflammation beyond their involvement in hemostasis. Platelets can contribute to inflammatory reactions via crosstalk both with immune cells and endothelial cells. Inflamed vessels are characterized by the presence of activated endothelial cells. These activated endothelial cells upregulate receptors necessary for leukocyte recruitment, but also for the adhesion of platelets. Subsequently, immune cells can bind to platelets through adhesion receptors presented on the platelet surface, thus supporting leukocyte recruitment to the vessel wall. There are several neurological diseases associated with vascular inflammation including multiple sclerosis (MS) and stroke. Increased markers of platelet activation could be demonstrated in patients suffering from MS compared to healthy individuals. Reports from murine models indicate that platelets may be of importance for disease progression and severity by mediating leukocyte recruitment as one potential underlying mechanism. Blocking platelet function disease severity was considerably ameliorated. Moreover, processes of tissue remodelling may be influenced by platelet derived mediators. Whether a role of platelets for vascular inflammation can be extrapolated to further neurological diseases will have to be investigated in further in depth experimental and clinical trials. CONCLUSION Platelets and platelet associated mechanisms may offer novel starting points to understand neurovascular diseases from a different point of view and to develop novel approaches to access the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - H F Langer
- Harald Langer, MD Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Germany, E-mail:
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Liang M, Wang Y, Liang A, Dong JF, Du J, Cheng J. Impaired integrin β3 delays endothelial cell regeneration and contributes to arteriovenous graft failure in mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:607-15. [PMID: 25614287 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.305089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neointima formation is associated with stenosis and subsequent thrombosis in arteriovenous grafts (AVGs). A role of integrin β3 in the neointima formation of AVGs remains poorly understood. APPROACH AND RESULTS In integrin β3(-/-) mice, we found significantly accelerated occlusion of AVGs compared with the wild-type mice. This is caused by the development of neointima and lack of endothelial regeneration. The latter is a direct consequence of impaired functions of circulating angiogenic cells (CACs) and platelets in integrin β3(-/-) mice. Evidence suggests the involvement of platelet regulating CAC homing to and differentiation at graft sites via transforming growth factor-β1 and Notch signaling pathway. First, CACs deficient of integrin β3 impaired adhesion activity toward exposed subendothelium. Second, platelets from integrin β3(-/-) mice failed to sufficiently stimulate CACs to differentiate into mature endothelial cells. Finally, we found that transforming growth factor-β1 level was increased in platelets from integrin β3(-/-) mice and resulted in enhanced Notch1 activation in CACs in AVGs. These results demonstrate that integrin β3 is critical for endothelial cell homing and differentiation. The increased transforming growth factor-β1 and Notch1 signaling mediates integrin β3(-/-)-induced AVG occlusion. This accelerated occlusion of AVGs was reversed in integrin β3(-/-) mice transplanted with the bone marrow from wild-type mice. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that boosting integrin β3 function in the endothelial cells and platelets could prevent neointima and thrombosis in AVGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liang
- From the Department of Nephrology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (M.L.); Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (Y.W.); Puget Sound Blood Research Institute, Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (J.-F.D.); Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China (J.D.); and Nephrology Division, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (M.L., Y.W., A.L., J.C.)
| | - Yun Wang
- From the Department of Nephrology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (M.L.); Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (Y.W.); Puget Sound Blood Research Institute, Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (J.-F.D.); Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China (J.D.); and Nephrology Division, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (M.L., Y.W., A.L., J.C.)
| | - Anlin Liang
- From the Department of Nephrology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (M.L.); Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (Y.W.); Puget Sound Blood Research Institute, Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (J.-F.D.); Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China (J.D.); and Nephrology Division, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (M.L., Y.W., A.L., J.C.)
| | - Jin-Fei Dong
- From the Department of Nephrology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (M.L.); Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (Y.W.); Puget Sound Blood Research Institute, Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (J.-F.D.); Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China (J.D.); and Nephrology Division, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (M.L., Y.W., A.L., J.C.)
| | - Jie Du
- From the Department of Nephrology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (M.L.); Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (Y.W.); Puget Sound Blood Research Institute, Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (J.-F.D.); Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China (J.D.); and Nephrology Division, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (M.L., Y.W., A.L., J.C.)
| | - Jizhong Cheng
- From the Department of Nephrology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (M.L.); Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (Y.W.); Puget Sound Blood Research Institute, Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (J.-F.D.); Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China (J.D.); and Nephrology Division, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (M.L., Y.W., A.L., J.C.).
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Orban M, Goedel A, Haas J, Sandrock-Lang K, Gärtner F, Jung CB, Zieger B, Parrotta E, Kurnik K, Sinnecker D, Wanner G, Laugwitz KL, Massberg S, Moretti A. Functional comparison of induced pluripotent stem cell- and blood-derived GPIIbIIIa deficient platelets. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0115978. [PMID: 25607928 PMCID: PMC4301811 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) represent a versatile tool to model genetic diseases and are a potential source for cell transfusion therapies. However, it remains elusive to which extent patient-specific hiPSC-derived cells functionally resemble their native counterparts. Here, we generated a hiPSC model of the primary platelet disease Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT), characterized by dysfunction of the integrin receptor GPIIbIIIa, and compared side-by-side healthy and diseased hiPSC-derived platelets with peripheral blood platelets. Both GT-hiPSC-derived platelets and their peripheral blood equivalents showed absence of membrane expression of GPIIbIIIa, a reduction of PAC-1 binding, surface spreading and adherence to fibrinogen. We demonstrated that GT-hiPSC-derived platelets recapitulate molecular and functional aspects of the disease and show comparable behavior to their native counterparts encouraging the further use of hiPSC-based disease models as well as the transition towards a clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Orban
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Goedel
- I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jessica Haas
- I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Kirstin Sandrock-Lang
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florian Gärtner
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Billy Jung
- I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Zieger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Elvira Parrotta
- I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Medical School, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Karin Kurnik
- Paediatric Haemophilia Centre, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Sinnecker
- I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Gerhard Wanner
- Ultrastructural Research, Department Biology I, Biozentrum, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Karl-Ludwig Laugwitz
- I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)-partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Massberg
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität, Munich, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)-partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Alessandra Moretti
- I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)-partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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Gros A, Ollivier V, Ho-Tin-Noé B. Platelets in inflammation: regulation of leukocyte activities and vascular repair. Front Immunol 2015; 5:678. [PMID: 25610439 PMCID: PMC4285099 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There is now a large body of evidence that platelets are central actors of inflammatory reactions. Indeed, platelets play a significant role in a variety of inflammatory diseases. These diseases include conditions as varied as atherosclerosis, arthritis, dermatitis, glomerulonephritis, or acute lung injury. In this context, one can note that inflammation is a convenient but imprecise catch-all term that is used to cover a wide range of situations. Therefore, when discussing the role of platelets in inflammation, it is important to clearly define the pathophysiological context and the exact stage of the reaction. Inflammatory reactions are indeed multistep processes that can be either acute or chronic, and their sequence can vary greatly depending on the situation and organ concerned. Here, we focus on how platelets contribute to inflammatory reactions involving recruitment of neutrophils and/or macrophages. Specifically, we review past and recent data showing that platelets intervene at various stages of these reactions to regulate parameters such as endothelial permeability, the recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages and their effector functions, as well as inflammatory bleeding. The mechanisms underlying these various modulating effect of platelets are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angèle Gros
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France ; Unit 1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, INSERM , Paris , France
| | - Véronique Ollivier
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France ; Unit 1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, INSERM , Paris , France
| | - Benoît Ho-Tin-Noé
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France ; Unit 1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, INSERM , Paris , France
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Karshovska E, Zhao Z, Blanchet X, Schmitt MMN, Bidzhekov K, Soehnlein O, von Hundelshausen P, Mattheij NJ, Cosemans JMEM, Megens RTA, Koeppel TA, Schober A, Hackeng TM, Weber C, Koenen RR. Hyperreactivity of junctional adhesion molecule A-deficient platelets accelerates atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic mice. Circ Res 2014; 116:587-99. [PMID: 25472975 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.304035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Besides their essential role in hemostasis, platelets also have functions in inflammation. In platelets, junctional adhesion molecule (JAM)-A was previously identified as an inhibitor of integrin αIIbβ3-mediated outside-in signaling and its genetic knockdown resulted in hyperreactivity. OBJECTIVE This gain-of-function was specifically exploited to investigate the role of platelet hyperreactivity in plaque development. METHODS AND RESULTS JAM-A-deficient platelets showed increased aggregation and cellular and sarcoma tyrosine-protein kinase activation. On αIIbβ3 ligation, JAM-A was shown to be dephosphorylated, which could be prevented by protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 1 inhibition. Mice with or without platelet-specific (tr)JAM-A-deficiency in an apolipoprotein e (apoe(-/-)) background were fed a high-fat diet. After ≤12 weeks of diet, trJAM-A(-/-)apoe-/- mice showed increased aortic plaque formation when compared with trJAM-A(+/+) apoe(-/-) controls, and these differences were most evident at early time points. At 2 weeks, the plaques of the trJAM-A(-/-) apoe(-/-) animals revealed increased macrophage, T cell, and smooth muscle cell content. Interestingly, plasma levels of chemokines CC chemokine ligand 5 and CXC-chemokine ligand 4 were increased in the trJAM-A(-/-) apoe(-/-)mice, and JAM-A-deficient platelets showed increased binding to monocytes and neutrophils. Whole-blood perfusion experiments and intravital microscopy revealed increased recruitment of platelets and monocytes to the inflamed endothelium in blood of trJAM-A(-/-) apoe(-/-)mice. Notably, these proinflammatory effects of JAM-A-deficient platelets could be abolished by the inhibition of αIIbβ3 signaling in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Deletion of JAM-A causes a gain-of-function in platelets, with lower activation thresholds and increased inflammatory activities. This leads to an increase of plaque formation, particularly in early stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ela Karshovska
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Zhen Zhao
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Xavier Blanchet
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Martin M N Schmitt
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Kiril Bidzhekov
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Philipp von Hundelshausen
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Nadine J Mattheij
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Judith M E M Cosemans
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Remco T A Megens
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Thomas A Koeppel
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Andreas Schober
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Tilman M Hackeng
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Christian Weber
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Rory R Koenen
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.).
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Mitroulis I, Alexaki VI, Kourtzelis I, Ziogas A, Hajishengallis G, Chavakis T. Leukocyte integrins: role in leukocyte recruitment and as therapeutic targets in inflammatory disease. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 147:123-135. [PMID: 25448040 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Infection or sterile inflammation triggers site-specific attraction of leukocytes. Leukocyte recruitment is a process comprising several steps orchestrated by adhesion molecules, chemokines, cytokines and endogenous regulatory molecules. Distinct adhesive interactions between endothelial cells and leukocytes and signaling mechanisms contribute to the temporal and spatial fine-tuning of the leukocyte adhesion cascade. Central players in the leukocyte adhesion cascade include the leukocyte adhesion receptors of the β2-integrin family, such as the αLβ2 and αMβ2 integrins, or of the β1-integrin family, such as the α4β1-integrin. Given the central involvement of leukocyte recruitment in different inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, the leukocyte adhesion cascade in general, and leukocyte integrins in particular, represent key therapeutic targets. In this context, the present review focuses on the role of leukocyte integrins in the leukocyte adhesion cascade. Experimental evidence that has implicated leukocyte integrins as targets in animal models of inflammatory disorders, such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, psoriasis, inflammatory bone loss and inflammatory bowel disease as well as preclinical and clinical therapeutic applications of antibodies that target leukocyte integrins in various inflammatory disorders are presented. Finally, we review recent findings on endogenous inhibitors that modify leukocyte integrin function, which could emerge as promising therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Mitroulis
- Department of Clinical Pathobiochemistry and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Vasileia I Alexaki
- Department of Clinical Pathobiochemistry and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ioannis Kourtzelis
- Department of Clinical Pathobiochemistry and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Athanassios Ziogas
- Department of Clinical Pathobiochemistry and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - George Hajishengallis
- Department of Microbiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Triantafyllos Chavakis
- Department of Clinical Pathobiochemistry and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Reduced platelet hyperreactivity and platelet-monocyte aggregation in HIV-infected individuals receiving a raltegravir-based regimen. AIDS 2014; 28:2091-6. [PMID: 25265076 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000000415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Platelets are key cells in atherosclerosis and acute cardiovascular events. Platelet hyperreactivity and increased platelet-monocyte aggregation (PMA) are found in HIV-infected patients and may contribute to the excess cardiovascular risk. The integrase inhibitor raltegravir (RAL) has been associated with better residual viral suppression and reduction in inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers. The aim of our study was to investigate whether RAL-treated patients have reduced platelet reactivity and PMA. DESIGN AND METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study involving 80 virologically suppressed adult HIV1-infected patients on a RAL-based (n = 25), nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based (n = 30) or a protease inhibitor based (n = 25) regimen and 30 healthy controls. Platelet reactivity was determined by measuring platelet P-selectin expression and the binding of fibrinogen to platelets to stimulation with two concentrations of ADP. PMA was determined by measuring the expression of the platelet marker CD42b on CD14 positive cells. RESULTS HIV-infected individuals had higher platelet reactivity and PMA than controls. RAL-treated individuals showed significantly lower P-selectin expression to stimulation with low (P = 0.026 vs. NNRTI and P = 0.005 vs. protease inhibitor group) and high-dose ADP (P = 0.009 vs. NNRTI and P = 0.003 vs. protease inhibitor group). A similar trend for was found for fibrinogen binding, although only the difference in P-selectin expression between RAL and protease inhibitor treated patients reached statistical significance (P = 0.038). PMA was also lower in the RAL group than in the NNRTI (P = 0.037) and protease inhibitor (P = 0.034) groups. CONCLUSION Use of a RAL-based regimen was associated with a reduction in persistent HIV-induced platelet hyperreactivity and PMA compared with NNRTI and protease inhibitor based regimen.
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von Hundelshausen P, Schmitt MMN. Platelets and their chemokines in atherosclerosis-clinical applications. Front Physiol 2014; 5:294. [PMID: 25152735 PMCID: PMC4126210 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of platelets as important players in the process of atherogenesis has become increasingly accepted due to accumulating experimental and clinical evidence. Despite the progress in understanding the molecular details of atherosclerosis, particularly by using animal models, the inflammatory and thrombotic roles of activated platelet s especially in the human system remain difficult to dissect, as often only the complications of atherosclerosis, i.e., stroke and myocardial infarction are definable but not the plaque burden. Platelet indices including platelet count and mean platelet volume (MPV) and soluble mediators released by activated platelets are associated with atherosclerosis. The chemokine CXCL4 has multiple atherogenic activities, e.g., altering the differentiation of T cells and macrophages by inhibiting neutrophil and monocyte apoptosis and by increasing the uptake of oxLDL and synergizing with CCL5. CCL5 is released and deposited on endothelium by activated platelets thereby triggering atherogenic monocyte recruitment, which can be attenuated by blocking the corresponding chemokine receptor CCR5. Atheroprotective and plaque stabilizing properties are attributed to CXCL12, which plays an important role in regenerative processes by attracting progenitor cells. Its release from luminal attached platelets accelerates endothelial healing after injury. Platelet surface molecules GPIIb/IIIa, GP1bα, P-selectin, JAM-A and the CD40/CD40L dyade are crucially involved in the interaction with endothelial cells, leukocytes and matrix molecules affecting atherogenesis. Beyond the effects on the arterial inflammatory infiltrate, platelets affect cholesterol metabolism by binding, modifying and endocytosing LDL particles via their scavenger receptors and contribute to the formation of lipid laden macrophages. Current medical therapies for the prevention of atherosclerotic therapies enable the elucidation of mechanisms linking platelets to inflammation and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp von Hundelshausen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich Munich, Germany ; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance Munich, Germany
| | - Martin M N Schmitt
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich Munich, Germany
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Koltsova EK, Sundd P, Zarpellon A, Ouyang H, Mikulski Z, Zampolli A, Ruggeri ZM, Ley K. Genetic deletion of platelet glycoprotein Ib alpha but not its extracellular domain protects from atherosclerosis. Thromb Haemost 2014; 112:1252-63. [PMID: 25104056 DOI: 10.1160/th14-02-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis involves the interplay of haematopoietic, stromal and endothelial cells. Platelet interactions with endothelium and leukocytes are pivotal for atherosclerosis promotion. Glycoprotein (GP) Ibα is the ligand-binding subunit of the platelet GPIb-IX-V receptor complex; its deficiency causes the Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS), characterised by absent platelet GPIb-IX-V, macrothrombocytopenia and bleeding. We designed this study to determine the role of platelet GPIbα in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis using two unique knockout models. Ldlr-/- mice were reconstituted with wild-type (wt), GPIbα-/- (lacks GPIbα) or chimeric IL-4R/GPIbα-Tg (lacks GPIbα extracellular domain) bone marrow and assayed for atherosclerosis development after feeding with pro-atherogenic "western diet". Here, we report that Ldlr-/-mice reconstituted with GPIbα-/- bone marrow developed less atherosclerosis compared to wt controls; accompanied by augmented accumulation of pro-inflammatory CD11b+ and CD11c+ myeloid cells, reduced oxLDL uptake and decreased TNF and IL 12p35 gene expression in the aortas. Flow cytometry and live cell imaging in whole blood-perfused microfluidic chambers revealed reduced platelet-monocyte aggregates in GPIbα-/- mice, which resulted in decreased monocyte activation. Interestingly, Ldlr-/-mice reconstituted with IL-4R/GPIbα-Tg bone marrow, producing less abnormal platelets, showed atherosclerotic lesions similar to wt mice. Platelet interaction with blood monocytes and accumulation of myeloid cells in the aortas were also essentially unaltered. Moreover, only complete GPIbα ablation altered platelet microparticles and CCL5 chemokine production. Thus, atherosclerosis reduction in mice lacking GPIbα may not result from the defective GPIbα-ligand binding, but more likely is a consequence of functional defects of GPIbα-/- platelets and reduced blood platelet counts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - K Ley
- Klaus Ley, MD, Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA, Fax: +1 858 752 6985, E-mail:
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50
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Csányi G, Miller FJ. Oxidative stress in cardiovascular disease. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:6002-8. [PMID: 24722571 PMCID: PMC4013610 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15046002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the special issue "Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Disease" authors were invited to submit papers that investigate key questions in the field of cardiovascular free radical biology. The original research articles included in this issue provide important information regarding novel aspects of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated signaling, which have important implications in physiological and pathophysiological cardiovascular processes. The issue also included a number of review articles that highlight areas of intense research in the fields of free radical biology and cardiovascular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Csányi
- Vascular Medicine Institute, E1228-1B BST, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - Francis J Miller
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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