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Giovou AE, Gladka MM, Christoffels VM. The Impact of Natriuretic Peptides on Heart Development, Homeostasis, and Disease. Cells 2024; 13:931. [PMID: 38891063 PMCID: PMC11172276 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
During mammalian heart development, the clustered genes encoding peptide hormones, Natriuretic Peptide A (NPPA; ANP) and B (NPPB; BNP), are transcriptionally co-regulated and co-expressed predominately in the atrial and ventricular trabecular cardiomyocytes. After birth, expression of NPPA and a natural antisense transcript NPPA-AS1 becomes restricted to the atrial cardiomyocytes. Both NPPA and NPPB are induced by cardiac stress and serve as markers for cardiovascular dysfunction or injury. NPPB gene products are extensively used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for various cardiovascular disorders. Membrane-localized guanylyl cyclase receptors on many cell types throughout the body mediate the signaling of the natriuretic peptide ligands through the generation of intracellular cGMP, which interacts with and modulates the activity of cGMP-activated kinase and other enzymes and ion channels. The natriuretic peptide system plays a fundamental role in cardio-renal homeostasis, and its potent diuretic and vasodilatory effects provide compensatory mechanisms in cardiac pathophysiological conditions and heart failure. In addition, both peptides, but also CNP, have important intracardiac actions during heart development and homeostasis independent of the systemic functions. Exploration of the intracardiac functions may provide new leads for the therapeutic utility of natriuretic peptide-mediated signaling in heart diseases and rhythm disorders. Here, we review recent insights into the regulation of expression and intracardiac functions of NPPA and NPPB during heart development, homeostasis, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E Giovou
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monika M Gladka
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent M Christoffels
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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2
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Mangmool S, Duangrat R, Parichatikanond W, Kurose H. New Therapeutics for Heart Failure: Focusing on cGMP Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12866. [PMID: 37629047 PMCID: PMC10454066 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Current drugs for treating heart failure (HF), for example, angiotensin II receptor blockers and β-blockers, possess specific target molecules involved in the regulation of the cardiac circulatory system. However, most clinically approved drugs are effective in the treatment of HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Novel drug classes, including angiotensin receptor blocker/neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI), sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channel blocker, soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) stimulator/activator, and cardiac myosin activator, have recently been introduced for HF intervention based on their proposed novel mechanisms. SGLT2 inhibitors have been shown to be effective not only for HFrEF but also for HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). In the myocardium, excess cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) stimulation has detrimental effects on HFrEF, whereas cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling inhibits cAMP-mediated responses. Thus, molecules participating in cGMP signaling are promising targets of novel drugs for HF. In this review, we summarize molecular pathways of cGMP signaling and clinical trials of emerging drug classes targeting cGMP signaling in the treatment of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supachoke Mangmool
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (R.D.)
| | - Ratchanee Duangrat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (R.D.)
| | | | - Hitoshi Kurose
- Pharmacology for Life Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
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3
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Tsutsui H, Albert NM, Coats AJS, Anker SD, Bayes-Genis A, Butler J, Chioncel O, Defilippi CR, Drazner MH, Felker GM, Filippatos G, Fiuzat M, Ide T, Januzzi JL, Kinugawa K, Kuwahara K, Matsue Y, Mentz RJ, Metra M, Pandey A, Rosano G, Saito Y, Sakata Y, Sato N, Seferovic PM, Teerlink J, Yamamoto K, Yoshimura M. Natriuretic peptides: role in the diagnosis and management of heart failure: a scientific statement from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology, Heart Failure Society of America and Japanese Heart Failure Society. Eur J Heart Fail 2023; 25:616-631. [PMID: 37098791 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Natriuretic peptides, brain (B-type) natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) are globally and most often used for the diagnosis of heart failure (HF). In addition, they can have an important complementary role in the risk stratification of its prognosis. Since the development of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs), the use of natriuretic peptides as therapeutic agents has grown in importance. The present document is the result of the Trilateral Cooperation Project among the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology, the Heart Failure Society of America and the Japanese Heart Failure Society. It represents an expert consensus that aims to provide a comprehensive, up-to-date perspective on natriuretic peptides in the diagnosis and management of HF, with a focus on the following main issues: (1) history and basic research: discovery, production and cardiovascular protection; (2) diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers: acute HF, chronic HF, inclusion/endpoint in clinical trials, and natriuretic peptide-guided therapy; (3) therapeutic use: nesiritide (BNP), carperitide (ANP) and ARNIs; and (4) gaps in knowledge and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Tsutsui
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nancy M Albert
- Research and Innovation-Nursing Institute, Kaufman Center for Heart Failure-Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Andrew J S Coats
- University of Warwick, Warwick, UK, and Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Stefan D Anker
- Department of Cardiology and Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin, Germany; Charite Universit atsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- Heart Institute, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, CIBERCV, Badalona, Spain
- Universitat Autonoma Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javed Butler
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
- University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Ovidiu Chioncel
- Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu Bucharest, University of Medicine Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Mark H Drazner
- Clinical Chief of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine/Division of Cardiology, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - G Michael Felker
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Gerasimos Filippatos
- School of Medicine of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens University Hospital Attikon, Athens, Greece
| | - Mona Fiuzat
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Tomomi Ide
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - James L Januzzi
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School and Baim Institute for Clinical Research, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Koichiro Kinugawa
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Koichiro Kuwahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yuya Matsue
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Robert J Mentz
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Marco Metra
- Cardiology. ASST Spedali Civili and Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ambarish Pandey
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Giuseppe Rosano
- Centre for Clinical and Basic Research, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Yoshihiko Saito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
- Nara Prefecture Seiwa Medical Center, Sango, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sakata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Sato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kawaguchi Cardiovascular and Respiratory Hospital, Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Petar M Seferovic
- University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, and Heart Failure Center, Belgrade University Medical Center, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - John Teerlink
- Section of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Michihiro Yoshimura
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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4
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Tsutsui H, Albert NM, Coats AJS, Anker SD, Bayes-Genis A, Butler J, Chioncel O, Defilippi CR, Drazner MH, Felker GM, Filippatos G, Fiuzat M, Ide T, Januzzi JL, Kinugawa K, Kuwahara K, Matsue Y, Mentz RJ, Metra M, Pandey A, Rosano G, Saito Y, Sakata Y, Sato N, Seferovic PM, Teerlink J, Yamamoto K, Yoshimura M. Natriuretic Peptides: Role in the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure: A Scientific Statement From the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology, Heart Failure Society of America and Japanese Heart Failure Society. J Card Fail 2023; 29:787-804. [PMID: 37117140 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Natriuretic peptides, brain (B-type) natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) are globally and most often used for the diagnosis of heart failure (HF). In addition, they can have an important complementary role in the risk stratification of its prognosis. Since the development of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs), the use of natriuretic peptides as therapeutic agents has grown in importance. The present document is the result of the Trilateral Cooperation Project among the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology, the Heart Failure Society of America and the Japanese Heart Failure Society. It represents an expert consensus that aims to provide a comprehensive, up-to-date perspective on natriuretic peptides in the diagnosis and management of HF, with a focus on the following main issues: (1) history and basic research: discovery, production and cardiovascular protection; (2) diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers: acute HF, chronic HF, inclusion/endpoint in clinical trials, and natriuretic peptides-guided therapy; (3) therapeutic use: nesiritide (BNP), carperitide (ANP) and ARNIs; and (4) gaps in knowledge and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Tsutsui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Nancy M Albert
- Research and Innovation-Nursing Institute, Kaufman Center for Heart Failure-Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Andrew J S Coats
- University of Warwick, Warwick, UK, and Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Stefan D Anker
- Department of Cardiology and Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research partner site Berlin, Germany; Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Institute of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- Heart Institute, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, CIBERCV, Badalona, Spain; Universitat Autonoma Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javed Butler
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas, USA; University of Mississippi, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Ovidiu Chioncel
- Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu Bucharest, University of Medicine Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Mark H Drazner
- Clinical Chief of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine/Division of Cardiology, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - G Michael Felker
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gerasimos Filippatos
- School of Medicine of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens University Hospital Attikon, Athens, Greece
| | - Mona Fiuzat
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tomomi Ide
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - James L Januzzi
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School and Baim Institute for Clinical Research, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Koichiro Kinugawa
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Koichiro Kuwahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yuya Matsue
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Robert J Mentz
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, Nortth Carolina, USA; Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Marco Metra
- Cardiology. ASST Spedali Civili and Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ambarish Pandey
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Giuseppe Rosano
- Centre for Clinical and Basic Research, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Yoshihiko Saito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan; Nara Prefecture Seiwa Medical Center, Sango, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sakata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Sato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kawaguchi Cardiovascular and Respiratory Hospital, Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Petar M Seferovic
- University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, and Heart Failure Center, Belgrade University Medical Center, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - John Teerlink
- Section of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Michihiro Yoshimura
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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5
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Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases as therapeutic targets in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:90-108. [PMID: 36050457 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00756-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) modulate the neurohormonal regulation of cardiac function by degrading cAMP and cGMP. In cardiomyocytes, multiple PDE isozymes with different enzymatic properties and subcellular localization regulate local pools of cyclic nucleotides and specific functions. This organization is heavily perturbed during cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure (HF), which can contribute to disease progression. Clinically, PDE inhibition has been considered a promising approach to compensate for the catecholamine desensitization that accompanies HF. Although PDE3 inhibitors, such as milrinone or enoximone, have been used clinically to improve systolic function and alleviate the symptoms of acute HF, their chronic use has proved to be detrimental. Other PDEs, such as PDE1, PDE2, PDE4, PDE5, PDE9 and PDE10, have emerged as new potential targets to treat HF, each having a unique role in local cyclic nucleotide signalling pathways. In this Review, we describe cAMP and cGMP signalling in cardiomyocytes and present the various PDE families expressed in the heart as well as their modifications in pathological cardiac hypertrophy and HF. We also appraise the evidence from preclinical models as well as clinical data pointing to the use of inhibitors or activators of specific PDEs that could have therapeutic potential in HF.
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Nakagawa H, Saito Y. Roles of Natriuretic Peptides and the Significance of Neprilysin in Cardiovascular Diseases. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11071017. [PMID: 36101398 PMCID: PMC9312343 DOI: 10.3390/biology11071017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The endocrine effects of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in the vasculature, and the autocrine effects of ANP and BNP in cardiomyocytes are mediated by the common guanylyl cyclase A receptor (GC-A) expressed in various tissues and cell types. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) has paracrine actions that regulate vascular resistance and moderate myocardial stiffness via guanylyl cyclase B receptor (GC-B). Genetically modified mice have revealed the physiological roles of ANP and BNP in blood pressure, cardiac remodeling, and acute myocardial infarction. Molecular pathways in GC-A signaling specifically in cardiomyocytes were also investigated. ANP and BNP via the GC-A signaling phosphorylate regulator of G-protein signaling subtype 4 (RGS4) result in the inhibition of Gαq signaling coupled with angiotensin II type 1A receptor, inhibit the activation of transient receptor potential C6 (TRPC6), and attenuate genomic actions of the cardiac mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). Moreover, recent studies showed the physiological roles of CNP via GC-B in blood pressure and cardiac stiffness. Since natriuretic peptides are degraded by neprilysin (NEP), inhibiting NEP activity is expected to enhance the actions of natriuretic peptides. Experimental studies and clinical trials have shown the effect of NEP inhibition on cardiac remodeling, acute myocardial infarction, and hypertension. Abstract Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) activate the guanylyl cyclase A receptor (GC-A), which synthesizes the second messenger cGMP in a wide variety of tissues and cells. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) activates the cGMP-producing guanylyl cyclase B receptor (GC-B) in chondrocytes, endothelial cells, and possibly smooth muscle cells, cardiomyocytes, and cardiac fibroblasts. The development of genetically modified mice has helped elucidate the physiological roles of natriuretic peptides via GC-A or GC-B. These include the hormonal effects of ANP/BNP in the vasculature, autocrine effects of ANP/BNP in cardiomyocytes, and paracrine effects of CNP in the vasculature and cardiomyocytes. Neprilysin (NEP) is a transmembrane neutral endopeptidase that degrades the three natriuretic peptides. Recently, mice overexpressing NEP, specifically in cardiomyocytes, revealed that local cardiac NEP plays a vital role in regulating natriuretic peptides in the heart tissue. Since NEP inhibition is a clinically accepted approach for heart failure treatment, the physiological roles of natriuretic peptides have regained attention. This article focuses on the physiological roles of natriuretic peptides elucidated in mice with GC-A or GC-B deletion, the significance of NEP in natriuretic peptide metabolism, and the long-term effects of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) on cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Nakagawa
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8522, Nara, Japan;
| | - Yoshihiko Saito
- Nara Prefecture Seiwa Medical Center, Mimuro 636-0802, Nara, Japan
- Correspondence:
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Mishra S, Kass DA. Cellular and molecular pathobiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Nat Rev Cardiol 2021; 18:400-423. [PMID: 33432192 PMCID: PMC8574228 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-020-00480-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) affects half of all patients with heart failure worldwide, is increasing in prevalence, confers substantial morbidity and mortality, and has very few effective treatments. HFpEF is arguably the greatest unmet medical need in cardiovascular disease. Although HFpEF was initially considered to be a haemodynamic disorder characterized by hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction, the pandemics of obesity and diabetes mellitus have modified the HFpEF syndrome, which is now recognized to be a multisystem disorder involving the heart, lungs, kidneys, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, vascular system, and immune and inflammatory signalling. This multiorgan involvement makes HFpEF difficult to model in experimental animals because the condition is not simply cardiac hypertrophy and hypertension with abnormal myocardial relaxation. However, new animal models involving both haemodynamic and metabolic disease, and increasing efforts to examine human pathophysiology, are revealing new signalling pathways and potential therapeutic targets. In this Review, we discuss the cellular and molecular pathobiology of HFpEF, with the major focus being on mechanisms relevant to the heart, because most research has focused on this organ. We also highlight the involvement of other important organ systems, including the lungs, kidneys and skeletal muscle, efforts to characterize patients with the use of systemic biomarkers, and ongoing therapeutic efforts. Our objective is to provide a roadmap of the signalling pathways and mechanisms of HFpEF that are being characterized and which might lead to more patient-specific therapies and improved clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumita Mishra
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David A. Kass
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,
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Current trends and future perspectives for heart failure treatment leveraging cGMP modifiers and the practical effector PKG. J Cardiol 2021; 78:261-268. [PMID: 33814252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), an intracellular second messenger molecule synthesized by guanylated cyclases (GCs), controls various myocardial properties, including cell growth and survival, interstitial fibrosis, endothelial permeability, cardiac contractility, and cardiovascular remodeling. These processes are mediated by the main cGMP effector protein kinase G (PKG) activation of which exerts intrinsic protective responses against the adverse effects of neurohormonal stimulation and pathological cardiac stress. Therapeutic strategies that enhance cGMP levels and PKG activation have been used for heart failure, which can be executed by reducing natriuretic peptide (NP) proteolysis, enhancing cGMP synthesis, or blocking cGMP hydrolysis. Among these, reducing NP clearance with neprilysin inhibitor combined with angiotensin receptor blocker has been shown to greatly improve the prognosis of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) compared to the prognosis of patients on standard therapy using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Moreover, in a recent phase III clinical trial, soluble GC-derived cGMP generation was shown to have potential efficacy in the management of HFrEF. Despite the clinical significance of cGMP/PKG signaling activated by either soluble or particulate GCs in heart failure, the differential signaling events downstream of intracellular cGMP, which are precisely controlled not only by PKG activation but also by the changes in its targeting and compartmentalization depending on the pathophysiology of heart disease, are not yet completely understood. Hitherto, the importance of the latter PKG regulatory mechanisms in developing therapeutic strategies has not been elucidated. Further investigation of redox-based PKG modulation will aid in the successful development of clinical therapies and could also lead to the establishment of improved personalized treatments for patients with heart failure.
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Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases comprise an 11-member superfamily yielding near 100 isoform variants that hydrolyze cAMP or cGMP to their respective 5'-monophosphate form. Each plays a role in compartmentalized cyclic nucleotide signaling, with varying selectivity for each substrate, and conveying cell and intracellular-specific localized control. This review focuses on the 5 phosphodiesterases (PDEs) expressed in the cardiac myocyte capable of hydrolyzing cGMP and that have been shown to play a role in cardiac physiological and pathological processes. PDE1, PDE2, and PDE3 catabolize cAMP as well, whereas PDE5 and PDE9 are cGMP selective. PDE3 and PDE5 are already in clinical use, the former for heart failure, and PDE1, PDE9, and PDE5 are all being actively studied for this indication in patients. Research in just the past few years has revealed many novel cardiac influences of each isoform, expanding the therapeutic potential from their selective pharmacological blockade or in some instances, activation. PDE1C inhibition was found to confer cell survival protection and enhance cardiac contractility, whereas PDE2 inhibition or activation induces beneficial effects in hypertrophied or failing hearts, respectively. PDE3 inhibition is already clinically used to treat acute decompensated heart failure, although toxicity has precluded its long-term use. However, newer approaches including isoform-specific allosteric modulation may change this. Finally, inhibition of PDE5A and PDE9A counter pathological remodeling of the heart and are both being pursued in clinical trials. Here, we discuss recent research advances in each of these PDEs, their impact on the myocardium, and cardiac therapeutic potential.
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10
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Abstract
The 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase type I (cGKI aka PKGI) is a major cardiac effector acting downstream of nitric oxide (NO)-sensitive soluble guanylyl cyclase and natriuretic peptides (NPs), which signal through transmembrane guanylyl cyclases. Consistent with the wide distribution of the cGMP-generating guanylyl cyclases, cGKI, which usually elicits its cellular effects by direct phosphorylation of its targets, is present in multiple cardiac cell types including cardiomyocytes (CMs). Although numerous targets of cGMP/cGKI in heart were identified in the past, neither their exact patho-/physiological functions nor cell-type specific roles are clear. Herein, we inform about the current knowledge on the signal transduction downstream of CM cGKI. We believe that better insights into the specific actions of cGMP and cGKI in these cells will help to guide future studies in the search for predictive biomarkers for the response to pharmacological cGMP pathway modulation. In addition, targets downstream of cGMP/cGKI may be exploited for refined and optimized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in different types of heart disease and their causes. Importantly, key functions of these proteins and particularly sites of regulatory phosphorylation by cGKI should, at least in principle, remain intact, although upstream signaling through the second messenger cGMP is impaired or dysregulated in a stressed or diseased heart state.
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Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a common consequence of several cardiovascular diseases and is understood as a vicious cycle of cardiac and hemodynamic decline. The current inventory of treatments either alleviates the pathophysiological features (eg, cardiac dysfunction, neurohumoral activation, and ventricular remodeling) and/or targets any underlying pathologies (eg, hypertension and myocardial infarction). Yet, since these do not provide a cure, the morbidity and mortality associated with HF remains high. Therefore, the disease constitutes an unmet medical need, and novel therapies are desperately needed. Cyclic guanosine-3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP), synthesized by nitric oxide (NO)- and natriuretic peptide (NP)-responsive guanylyl cyclase (GC) enzymes, exerts numerous protective effects on cardiac contractility, hypertrophy, fibrosis, and apoptosis. Impaired cGMP signaling, which can occur after GC deactivation and the upregulation of cyclic nucleotide-hydrolyzing phosphodiesterases (PDEs), promotes cardiac dysfunction. In this study, we review the role that NO/cGMP and NP/cGMP signaling plays in HF. After considering disease etiology, the physiological effects of cGMP in the heart are discussed. We then assess the evidence from preclinical models and patients that compromised cGMP signaling contributes to the HF phenotype. Finally, the potential of pharmacologically harnessing cardioprotective cGMP to rectify the present paucity of effective HF treatments is examined.
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Sadek MS, Cachorro E, El-Armouche A, Kämmerer S. Therapeutic Implications for PDE2 and cGMP/cAMP Mediated Crosstalk in Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7462. [PMID: 33050419 PMCID: PMC7590001 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are the principal superfamily of enzymes responsible for degrading the secondary messengers 3',5'-cyclic nucleotides cAMP and cGMP. Their refined subcellular localization and substrate specificity contribute to finely regulate cAMP/cGMP gradients in various cellular microdomains. Redistribution of multiple signal compartmentalization components is often perceived under pathological conditions. Thereby PDEs have long been pursued as therapeutic targets in diverse disease conditions including neurological, metabolic, cancer and autoimmune disorders in addition to numerous cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). PDE2 is a unique member of the broad family of PDEs. In addition to its capability to hydrolyze both cAMP and cGMP, PDE2 is the sole isoform that may be allosterically activated by cGMP increasing its cAMP hydrolyzing activity. Within the cardiovascular system, PDE2 serves as an integral regulator for the crosstalk between cAMP/cGMP pathways and thereby may couple chronically adverse augmented cAMP signaling with cardioprotective cGMP signaling. This review provides a comprehensive overview of PDE2 regulatory functions in multiple cellular components within the cardiovascular system and also within various subcellular microdomains. Implications for PDE2- mediated crosstalk mechanisms in diverse cardiovascular pathologies are discussed highlighting the prospective use of PDE2 as a potential therapeutic target in cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ali El-Armouche
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.S.S.); (E.C.)
| | - Susanne Kämmerer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.S.S.); (E.C.)
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13
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Abstract
The cyclic nucleotides cyclic adenosine-3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine-3′,5′-monophosphate (cGMP) maintain physiological cardiac contractility and integrity. Cyclic nucleotide–hydrolysing phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are the prime regulators of cAMP and cGMP signalling in the heart. During heart failure (HF), the expression and activity of multiple PDEs are altered, which disrupt cyclic nucleotide levels and promote cardiac dysfunction. Given that the morbidity and mortality associated with HF are extremely high, novel therapies are urgently needed. Herein, the role of PDEs in HF pathophysiology and their therapeutic potential is reviewed. Attention is given to PDEs 1–5, and other PDEs are briefly considered. After assessing the role of each PDE in cardiac physiology, the evidence from pre-clinical models and patients that altered PDE signalling contributes to the HF phenotype is examined. The potential of pharmacologically harnessing PDEs for therapeutic gain is considered.
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14
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Hu LYR, Kontrogianni-Konstantopoulos A. Proteomic Analysis of Myocardia Containing the Obscurin R4344Q Mutation Linked to Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Front Physiol 2020; 11:478. [PMID: 32528308 PMCID: PMC7247546 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Obscurin is a giant cytoskeletal protein with structural and regulatory roles encoded by the OBSCN gene. Recently, mutations in OBSCN were associated with the development of different forms of cardiomyopathies, including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). We previously reported that homozygous mice carrying the HCM-linked R4344Q obscurin mutation develop arrhythmia by 1-year of age under sedentary conditions characterized by increased heart rate, frequent incidents of premature ventricular contractions, and episodes of spontaneous ventricular tachycardia. In an effort to delineate the molecular mechanisms that contribute to the observed arrhythmic phenotype, we subjected protein lysates prepared from left ventricles of 1-year old R4344Q and wild-type mice to comparative proteomics analysis using tandem mass spectrometry; raw data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD017314. We found that the expression levels of proteins involved in cardiac function and disease, cytoskeletal organization, electropotential regulation, molecular transport and metabolism were significantly altered. Moreover, phospho-proteomic evaluation revealed changes in the phosphorylation profile of Ca2+ cycling proteins, including sAnk1.5, a major binding partner of obscurin localized in the sarcoplasmic reticulum; notably, this is the first report indicating that sAnk1 undergoes phosphorylation. Taken together, our findings implicate obscurin in diverse cellular processes within the myocardium, which is consistent with its multiple binding partners, localization in different subcellular compartments, and disease association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yen R Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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15
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Huang Z, Shu J, Jiang W, Jiang M, Lu Y, Dai H, Xu N, Yuan H, Cai J. Regulator of G Protein Signaling 6 Facilities Cardiac Hypertrophy by Activating Apoptosis Signal-Regulating Kinase 1-P38/c-JUN N-Terminal Kinase 1/2 Signaling. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 7:e009179. [PMID: 30371330 PMCID: PMC6404897 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.009179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Regulator of G protein signaling 6 (RGS6) is an important member of the RGS family and produces pleiotropic regulatory effects on cardiac pathophysiology. However, the role of RGS6 protein in cardiomyocytes during angiotensin II– and pressure overload–induced cardiac hypertrophy remain unknown. Methods and Results Here, we used a genetic approach to study the regulatory role of RGS6 in cardiomyocytes during pathological cardiac hypertrophy. RGS6 expression was significantly increased in failing human hearts and in hypertrophic murine hearts. The extent of aortic banding–induced cardiac hypertrophy, dysfunction, and fibrosis in cardiac‐specific RGS6 knockout mice was alleviated, whereas the hearts of transgenic mice with cardiac‐specific RGS6 overexpression exhibited exacerbated responses to pressure overload. Consistent with these findings, RGS6 also facilitated an angiotensin II–induced hypertrophic response in isolated cardiomyocytes. According to the mechanistic studies, RGS6 mediated cardiac hypertrophy by directly interacting with apoptosis signal–regulating kinase 1, which further activates the P38‐c‐JUN N‐terminal kinase 1/2 signaling pathway. Conclusions Based on our findings, RGS6 aggravates cardiac hypertrophy, and the RGS6‐apoptosis signal–regulating kinase 1 pathway represents a potential therapeutic target to attenuate pressure overload–driven cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Huang
- 2 The Center of Clinical Pharmacology The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Jingxian Shu
- 2 The Center of Clinical Pharmacology The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Weihong Jiang
- 1 Department of Cardiology The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Mengqing Jiang
- 1 Department of Cardiology The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Yao Lu
- 2 The Center of Clinical Pharmacology The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Haijiang Dai
- 1 Department of Cardiology The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Nana Xu
- 2 The Center of Clinical Pharmacology The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Hong Yuan
- 2 The Center of Clinical Pharmacology The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- 1 Department of Cardiology The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China.,2 The Center of Clinical Pharmacology The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
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16
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Okamoto R, Ali Y, Hashizume R, Suzuki N, Ito M. BNP as a Major Player in the Heart-Kidney Connection. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143581. [PMID: 31336656 PMCID: PMC6678680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is an important biomarker for patients with heart failure, hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. Although it is known that BNP levels are relatively higher in patients with chronic kidney disease and no heart disease, the mechanism remains unknown. Here, we review the functions and the roles of BNP in the heart-kidney interaction. In addition, we discuss the relevant molecular mechanisms that suggest BNP is protective against chronic kidney diseases and heart failure, especially in terms of the counterparts of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). The renal medulla has been reported to express depressor substances. The extract of the papillary tips from kidneys may induce the expression and secretion of BNP from cardiomyocytes. A better understanding of these processes will help accelerate pharmacological treatments for heart-kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Okamoto
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Yusuf Ali
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Hashizume
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Noboru Suzuki
- Department of Animal Genomics, Functional Genomics Institute, Mie University Life Science Research Center, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Masaaki Ito
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
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17
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Nakamura T, Zhu G, Ranek MJ, Kokkonen-Simon K, Zhang M, Kim GE, Tsujita K, Kass DA. Prevention of PKG-1α Oxidation Suppresses Antihypertrophic/Antifibrotic Effects From PDE5 Inhibition but not sGC Stimulation. Circ Heart Fail 2019; 11:e004740. [PMID: 29545395 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.117.004740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stimulation of sGC (soluble guanylate cyclase) or inhibition of PDE5 (phosphodiesterase type 5) activates PKG (protein kinase G)-1α to counteract cardiac hypertrophy and failure. PKG1α acts within localized intracellular domains; however, its oxidation at cysteine 42, linking homomonomers, alters this localization, impairing suppression of pathological cardiac stress. Because PDE5 and sGC reside in separate microdomains, we speculated that PKG1α oxidation might also differentially influence the effects from their pharmacological modulation. METHODS AND RESULTS Knock-in mice expressing a redox-dead PKG1α (PKG1αC42S) or littermate controls (PKG1αWT) were subjected to transaortic constriction to induce pressure overload and treated with a PDE5 inhibitor (sildenafil), sGC activator (BAY602770 [BAY]), or vehicle. In PKG1αWT controls, sildenafil and BAY similarly enhanced PKG activity and reduced pathological hypertrophy/fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction after transaortic constriction. However, sildenafil failed to protect the heart in PKG1αC42S, unlike BAY, which activated PKG and thereby facilitated protective effects. This corresponded with minimal PDE5 activation in PKG1αC42S exposed to transaortic constriction versus higher activity in controls and little colocalization of PDE5 with PKG1αC42S (versus colocalization with PKG1αWT) in stressed myocytes. CONCLUSIONS In the stressed heart and myocytes, PKG1α C42-disulfide formation contributes to PDE5 activation. This augments the pathological role of PDE5 and so in turn enhances the therapeutic impact from its inhibition. PKG1α oxidation does not change the benefits from sGC activation. This finding favors the use of sGC activators regardless of PKG1α oxidation and may help guide precision therapy leveraging the cyclic GMP/PKG pathway to treat heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taishi Nakamura
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (T.N., G.Z., M.J.R., K.K.-S., M.Z., G.E.K., D.A.K.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.N., K.T.)
| | - Guangshuo Zhu
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (T.N., G.Z., M.J.R., K.K.-S., M.Z., G.E.K., D.A.K.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.N., K.T.)
| | - Mark J Ranek
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (T.N., G.Z., M.J.R., K.K.-S., M.Z., G.E.K., D.A.K.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.N., K.T.)
| | - Kristen Kokkonen-Simon
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (T.N., G.Z., M.J.R., K.K.-S., M.Z., G.E.K., D.A.K.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.N., K.T.)
| | - Manling Zhang
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (T.N., G.Z., M.J.R., K.K.-S., M.Z., G.E.K., D.A.K.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.N., K.T.)
| | - Grace E Kim
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (T.N., G.Z., M.J.R., K.K.-S., M.Z., G.E.K., D.A.K.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.N., K.T.)
| | - Kenichi Tsujita
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (T.N., G.Z., M.J.R., K.K.-S., M.Z., G.E.K., D.A.K.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.N., K.T.)
| | - David A Kass
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD (T.N., G.Z., M.J.R., K.K.-S., M.Z., G.E.K., D.A.K.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan (T.N., K.T.).
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18
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Strassheim D, Karoor V, Stenmark K, Verin A, Gerasimovskaya E. A current view of G protein-coupled receptor - mediated signaling in pulmonary hypertension: finding opportunities for therapeutic intervention. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 2. [PMID: 31380505 PMCID: PMC6677404 DOI: 10.20517/2574-1209.2018.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pathological vascular remodeling is observed in various cardiovascular diseases including pulmonary hypertension (PH), a disease of unknown etiology that has been characterized by pulmonary artery vasoconstriction, right ventricular hypertrophy, vascular inflammation, and abnormal angiogenesis in pulmonary circulation. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family in the genome and widely expressed in cardiovascular system. They regulate all aspects of PH pathophysiology and represent therapeutic targets. We overview GPCRs function in vasoconstriction, vasodilation, vascular inflammation-driven remodeling and describe signaling cross talk between GPCR, inflammatory cytokines, and growth factors. Overall, the goal of this review is to emphasize the importance of GPCRs as critical signal transducers and targets for drug development in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Strassheim
- Departments of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Vijaya Karoor
- Departments of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research laboratories, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kurt Stenmark
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research laboratories, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Alexander Verin
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Evgenia Gerasimovskaya
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research laboratories, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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19
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Phosphodiesterase 2 inhibition preferentially promotes NO/guanylyl cyclase/cGMP signaling to reverse the development of heart failure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E7428-E7437. [PMID: 30012589 PMCID: PMC6077693 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1800996115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a shared manifestation of several cardiovascular pathologies, including hypertension and myocardial infarction, and a limited repertoire of treatment modalities entails that the associated morbidity and mortality remain high. Impaired nitric oxide (NO)/guanylyl cyclase (GC)/cyclic guanosine-3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) signaling, underpinned, in part, by up-regulation of cyclic nucleotide-hydrolyzing phosphodiesterase (PDE) isozymes, contributes to the pathogenesis of HF, and interventions targeted to enhancing cGMP have proven effective in preclinical models and patients. Numerous PDE isozymes coordinate the regulation of cardiac cGMP in the context of HF; PDE2 expression and activity are up-regulated in experimental and human HF, but a well-defined role for this isoform in pathogenesis has yet to be established, certainly in terms of cGMP signaling. Herein, using a selective pharmacological inhibitor of PDE2, BAY 60-7550, and transgenic mice lacking either NO-sensitive GC-1α (GC-1α-/-) or natriuretic peptide-responsive GC-A (GC-A-/-), we demonstrate that the blockade of PDE2 promotes cGMP signaling to offset the pathogenesis of experimental HF (induced by pressure overload or sympathetic hyperactivation), reversing the development of left ventricular hypertrophy, compromised contractility, and cardiac fibrosis. Moreover, we show that this beneficial pharmacodynamic profile is maintained in GC-A-/- mice but is absent in animals null for GC-1α or treated with a NO synthase inhibitor, revealing that PDE2 inhibition preferentially enhances NO/GC/cGMP signaling in the setting of HF to exert wide-ranging protection to preserve cardiac structure and function. These data substantiate the targeting of PDE2 in HF as a tangible approach to maximize myocardial cGMP signaling and enhancing therapy.
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20
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Hofmann F. A concise discussion of the regulatory role of cGMP kinase I in cardiac physiology and pathology. Basic Res Cardiol 2018; 113:31. [PMID: 29934662 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-018-0690-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The underlying cause of cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and heart failure has been investigated in great detail using different mouse models. These studies indicated that cGMP and cGMP-dependent protein kinase type I (cGKI) may ameliorate these negative phenotypes in the adult heart. Recently, evidence has been published that cardiac mitochondrial BKCa channels are a target for cGKI and that activation of mitoBKCa channels may cause some of the positive effects of conditioning in ischemia/reperfusion injury. It will be pointed out that most studies could not present convincing evidence that it is the cGMP level and the activity cGKI in specific cardiac cells that reduces hypertrophy or heart failure. However, anti-fibrotic compounds stimulating nitric oxide-sensitive guanylyl cyclase may be an upcoming therapy for abnormal cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Hofmann
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, TU München, Biedersteiner Str. 29, 80802, Munich, Germany.
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21
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Ishii M, Kaikita K, Sato K, Sueta D, Fujisue K, Arima Y, Oimatsu Y, Mitsuse T, Onoue Y, Araki S, Yamamuro M, Nakamura T, Izumiya Y, Yamamoto E, Kojima S, Kim-Mitsuyama S, Ogawa H, Tsujita K. Cardioprotective Effects of LCZ696 (Sacubitril/Valsartan) After Experimental Acute Myocardial Infarction. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2017; 2:655-668. [PMID: 30062181 PMCID: PMC6059351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
LCZ696 (sacubitril/valsartan) can lower the risk of cardiovascular events in chronic heart failure. However, it is unclear whether LCZ696 can improve prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI). The present study shows that LCZ696 can prevent cardiac rupture after MI, probably due to the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity and aldosterone production, and enhancement of natriuretic peptides in mice. These findings suggest the mechanistic insight of cardioprotective effects of LCZ696 against acute MI, resulting in the belief that LCZ696 might be useful clinically to improve survival after acute MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Ishii
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Koichi Kaikita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Koji Sato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sueta
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Koichiro Fujisue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Arima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yu Oimatsu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Mitsuse
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Onoue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Araki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Megumi Yamamuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Taishi Nakamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Izumiya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Sunao Kojima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shokei Kim-Mitsuyama
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hisao Ogawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tsujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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22
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Cardiac Phosphodiesterases and Their Modulation for Treating Heart Disease. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2017; 243:249-269. [PMID: 27787716 DOI: 10.1007/164_2016_82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
An important hallmark of cardiac failure is abnormal second messenger signaling due to impaired synthesis and catabolism of cyclic adenosine 3',5'- monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine 3',5'- monophosphate (cGMP). Their dysregulation, altered intracellular targeting, and blunted responsiveness to stimulating pathways all contribute to pathological remodeling, muscle dysfunction, reduced cell survival and metabolism, and other abnormalities. Therapeutic enhancement of either cyclic nucleotides can be achieved by stimulating their synthesis and/or by suppressing members of the family of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs). The heart expresses seven of the eleven major PDE subtypes - PDE1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, and 9. Their differential control over cAMP and cGMP signaling in various cell types, including cardiomyocytes, provides intriguing therapeutic opportunities to counter heart disease. This review examines the roles of these PDEs in the failing and hypertrophied heart and summarizes experimental and clinical data that have explored the utility of targeted PDE inhibition.
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23
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Compartmentation of Natriuretic Peptide Signalling in Cardiac Myocytes: Effects on Cardiac Contractility and Hypertrophy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-54579-0_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
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24
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Di Biase S, Shim HS, Kim KH, Vinciguerra M, Rappa F, Wei M, Brandhorst S, Cappello F, Mirzaei H, Lee C, Longo VD. Fasting regulates EGR1 and protects from glucose- and dexamethasone-dependent sensitization to chemotherapy. PLoS Biol 2017; 15:e2001951. [PMID: 28358805 PMCID: PMC5373519 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2001951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Fasting reduces glucose levels and protects mice against chemotoxicity, yet drugs that promote hyperglycemia are widely used in cancer treatment. Here, we show that dexamethasone (Dexa) and rapamycin (Rapa), commonly administered to cancer patients, elevate glucose and sensitize cardiomyocytes and mice to the cancer drug doxorubicin (DXR). Such toxicity can be reversed by reducing circulating glucose levels by fasting or insulin. Furthermore, glucose injections alone reversed the fasting-dependent protection against DXR in mice, indicating that elevated glucose mediates, at least in part, the sensitizing effects of rapamycin and dexamethasone. In yeast, glucose activates protein kinase A (PKA) to accelerate aging by inhibiting transcription factors Msn2/4. Here, we show that fasting or glucose restriction (GR) regulate PKA and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to protect against DXR in part by activating the mammalian Msn2/4 ortholog early growth response protein 1 (EGR1). Increased expression of the EGR1-regulated cardioprotective peptides atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in heart tissue may also contribute to DXR resistance. Our findings suggest the existence of a glucose-PKA pathway that inactivates conserved zinc finger stress-resistance transcription factors to sensitize cells to toxins conserved from yeast to mammals. Our findings also describe a toxic role for drugs widely used in cancer treatment that promote hyperglycemia and identify dietary interventions that reverse these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Di Biase
- Longevity Institute, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Hong Seok Shim
- Longevity Institute, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Kyung Hwa Kim
- Longevity Institute, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Manlio Vinciguerra
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Royal Free Hospital, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
- Center for Translational Medicine (CTM), International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Centro Studi Fegato (CSF)-Liver Research Center, Fondazione Italiana Fegato, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesca Rappa
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Min Wei
- Longevity Institute, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Sebastian Brandhorst
- Longevity Institute, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Francesco Cappello
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Longevity Institute, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Changhan Lee
- Longevity Institute, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Valter D. Longo
- Longevity Institute, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano, Italy
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25
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Straubinger J, Boldt K, Kuret A, Deng L, Krattenmacher D, Bork N, Desch M, Feil R, Feil S, Nemer M, Ueffing M, Ruth P, Just S, Lukowski R. Amplified pathogenic actions of angiotensin II in cysteine-rich LIM-only protein 4-negative mouse hearts. FASEB J 2017; 31:1620-1638. [PMID: 28138039 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
LIM domain proteins have been identified as essential modulators of cardiac biology and pathology; however, it is unclear which role the cysteine-rich LIM-only protein (CRP)4 plays in these processes. In studying CRP4 mutant mice, we found that their hearts developed normally, but lack of CRP4 exaggerated multiple parameters of the cardiac stress response to the neurohormone angiotensin II (Ang II). Aiming to dissect the molecular details, we found a link between CRP4 and the cardioprotective cGMP pathway, as well as a multiprotein complex comprising well-known hypertrophy-associated factors. Significant enrichment of the cysteine-rich intestinal protein (CRIP)1 in murine hearts lacking CRP4, as well as severe cardiac defects and premature death of CRIP1 and CRP4 morphant zebrafish embryos, further support the notion that depleting CRP4 is incompatible with a proper cardiac development and function. Together, amplified Ang II signaling identified CRP4 as a novel antiremodeling factor regulated, at least to some extent, by cardiac cGMP.-Straubinger, J., Boldt, K., Kuret, A., Deng, L., Krattenmacher, D., Bork, N., Desch, M., Feil, R., Feil, S., Nemer, M., Ueffing, M., Ruth, P., Just, S., Lukowski, R. Amplified pathogenic actions of angiotensin II in cysteine-rich LIM-only protein 4 negative mouse hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Straubinger
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karsten Boldt
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Molecular Biology of Retinal Degenerations and Medical Proteome Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna Kuret
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lisa Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Diana Krattenmacher
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nadja Bork
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Desch
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Feil
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; and
| | - Susanne Feil
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; and
| | - Mona Nemer
- Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Immunology, and Microbiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marius Ueffing
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Molecular Biology of Retinal Degenerations and Medical Proteome Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Ruth
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Steffen Just
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Robert Lukowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany;
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26
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Necela BM, Axenfeld BC, Serie DJ, Kachergus JM, Perez EA, Thompson EA, Norton N. The antineoplastic drug, trastuzumab, dysregulates metabolism in iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Clin Transl Med 2017; 6:5. [PMID: 28101782 PMCID: PMC5243239 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-016-0133-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The targeted ERBB2 therapy, trastuzumab, has had a tremendous impact on management of patients with HER2+ breast cancer, leading to development and increased use of further HER2 targeted therapies. The major clinical side effect is cardiotoxicity but the mechanism is largely unknown. On the basis that gene expression is known to be altered in multiple models of heart failure, we examined differential gene expression of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes treated at day 11 with the ERBB2 targeted monoclonal antibody, trastuzumab for 48 h and the small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor of EGFR and ERBB2. Results Transcriptome sequencing was performed on four replicates from each group (48 h untreated, 48 h trastuzumab and 48 h lapatinib) and differential gene expression analyses were performed on each treatment group relative to untreated cardiomyocytes. 517 and 1358 genes were differentially expressed, p < 0.05, respectively in cardiomyocytes treated with trastuzumab and lapatinib. Gene ontology analyses revealed in cardiomyocytes treated with trastuzumab, significant down-regulation of genes involved in small molecule metabolism (p = 3.22 × 10−9) and cholesterol (p = 0.01) and sterol (p = 0.03) processing. We next measured glucose uptake and lactate production in iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes 13 days post-plating, treated with trastuzumab up to 96 h. We observed significantly decreased glucose uptake from the media of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes treated with trastuzumab as early as 24 h (p = 0.001) and consistently up to 96 h (p = 0.03). Conclusions Our study suggests dysregulation of cardiac gene expression and metabolism as key elements of ERBB2 signaling that could potentially be early biomarkers of cardiotoxicity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40169-016-0133-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Necela
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Daniel J Serie
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Edith A Perez
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Nadine Norton
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
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27
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Regulator of G protein signaling 4 is a novel target of GATA-6 transcription factor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 483:923-929. [PMID: 27746176 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
GATA transcription factors regulate an array of genes important in cell proliferation and differentiation. Here we report the identification of regulator of G protein signaling 4 (RGS4) as a novel target for GATA-6 transcription factor. Although three sites (a, b, c) within the proximal region of rabbit RGS4 promoter for GATA transcription factors were predicted by bioinformatics analysis, only GATA-a site (16 bp from the core TATA box) is essential for RGS4 transcriptional regulation. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that only GATA-6 was highly expressed in rabbit colonic smooth muscle cells but GATA-4/6 were expressed in cardiac myocytes and GATA-1/2/3 expressed in blood cells. Adenovirus-mediated expression of GATA-6 but not GATA-1 significantly increased the constitutive and IL-1β-induced mRNA expression of the endogenous RGS4 in colonic smooth muscle cells. IL-1β stimulation induced GATA-6 nuclear translocation and increased GATA-6 binding to RGS4 promoter. These data suggest that GATA factor could affect G protein signaling through regulating RGS4 expression, and GATA signaling may develop as a future therapeutic target for RGS4-related diseases.
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28
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Kokkonen K, Kass DA. Nanodomain Regulation of Cardiac Cyclic Nucleotide Signaling by Phosphodiesterases. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2016; 57:455-479. [PMID: 27732797 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010716-104756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) form an 11-member superfamily comprising 100 different isoforms that regulate the second messengers cyclic adenosine or guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP or cGMP). These PDE isoforms differ with respect to substrate selectivity and their localized control of cAMP and cGMP within nanodomains that target specific cellular pools and synthesis pathways for the cyclic nucleotides. Seven PDE family members are physiologically relevant to regulating cardiac function, disease remodeling of the heart, or both: PDE1 and PDE2, both dual-substrate (cAMP and cGMP) esterases; PDE3, PDE4, and PDE8, which principally hydrolyze cAMP; and PDE5A and PDE9A, which target cGMP. New insights regarding the different roles of PDEs in health and disease and their local signaling control are broadening the potential therapeutic utility for PDE-selective inhibitors. In this review, we discuss these PDEs, focusing on the different mechanisms by which they control cardiac function in health and disease by regulating intracellular nanodomains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Kokkonen
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - David A Kass
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205; .,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
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29
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Urodilatin reverses the detrimental influence of bradykinin in acute ischemic stroke. Exp Neurol 2016; 284:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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30
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Nakagawa H, Somekawa S, Onoue K, Kumazawa T, Ueda T, Seno A, Nakada Y, Nakano T, Matsui M, Soeda T, Okayama S, Kawakami R, Kawata H, Okura H, Saito Y. Salt accelerates aldosterone-induced cardiac remodeling in the absence of guanylyl cyclase-A signaling. Life Sci 2016; 165:9-15. [PMID: 27647418 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Excess sodium causes the development of cardiovascular diseases in conjunction with enhancing renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Natriuretic peptides are sodium regulators and prevent pathological cardiac alterations by counteracting RAAS. However, it is unknown whether natriuretic peptides inhibit the sodium effect in adverse cardiac alterations. Here, we investigated whether excess salt intake could exacerbate cardiac remodeling in mice with impaired natriuretic peptide signaling. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice lacking the gene encoding the natriuretic peptide receptor, guanylyl cyclase-A (GC-A), and wild-type mice were administered with either a vehicle substance or a subpressor dose of aldosterone (100ng/kg/min), alongside low salt (0.001% NaCl), normal salt (0.6% NaCl), or high salt diets (6.0% NaCl) for four weeks. Mice were then sacrificed and the hearts were evaluated by histology and RT-PCR. KEY FINDINGS Salt load did not induce cardiac changes in vehicle and aldosterone groups in wild-type mice. On the other hand, cardiac hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis were significantly exacerbated in a salt dependent manner in GC-A knockout (KO) mice administered aldosterone, and were associated with enhanced gene expression relevant to hypertrophy, fibrosis, and oxidative stress conditions. Of note, excess salt intake increased the expression of Sgk1, serum and glucocorticoid responsive kinase-1, in aldosterone-administered GC-A KO mice. These molecular changes were not observed in wild-type mice. SIGNIFICANCE The results of the present study demonstrate that excess salt intake induced cardiac remodeling in conjunction with aldosterone administration in GC-A KO mice, indicating that GC-A signaling attenuated the deleterious salt effect in aldosterone-induced cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Nakagawa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Satoshi Somekawa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kenji Onoue
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Takuya Kumazawa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Tomoya Ueda
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Ayako Seno
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yasuki Nakada
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Tomoya Nakano
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Masaru Matsui
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Tunenari Soeda
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okayama
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Rika Kawakami
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kawata
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okura
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Saito
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
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31
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The angiotensin II type 1 receptor-neprilysin inhibitor LCZ696 blocked aldosterone synthesis in a human adrenocortical cell line. Hypertens Res 2016; 39:758-763. [PMID: 27334058 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2016.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A recent clinical study indicated that an angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 (AT1) receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi) designated LCZ696 (sacubitril/valsartan, as combined sodium complex) was superior to enalapril at reducing the risks of death and hospitalization due to heart failure. Therefore, we investigated the possible mechanisms of the beneficial effect of LCZ696, in which the inhibition of neprilysin enhances atrial natriuretic peptide (NP) or brain NP (ANP or BNP)-evoked signals that can block Ang II/AT1 receptor-induced aldosterone (Ald) synthesis in human adrenocortical cells. The binding affinity of valsartan+LBQ657 (active moiety of sacubitril) to the AT1 receptor was greater than that of valsartan alone in an AT1 receptor-expressing human embryonic kidney cell-based assay. There was no difference in the dissociation from the AT1 receptor between valsartan+LBQ657 and valsartan alone. In Ang II-sensitized human adrenocortical cells, ANP or BNP alone, but not LBQ657 or valsartan alone, significantly decreased Ald synthesis. The level of suppression of Ald synthesis by ANP or BNP with LBQ657 was greater than that by ANP or BNP without LBQ657. The suppression of ANP was blocked by inhibitors of regulator of G-protein signaling proteins and cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase. The inhibition of neprilysin did not change the mRNA levels of the AT1 receptor, ANP receptor A, regulator of G-protein signaling protein, renin or 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases. In conclusion, the inhibition of neprilysin by LBQ657 enhances the NP-evoked signals that can block Ang II/AT1 receptor-induced Ald synthesis in human adrenocortical cells.
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32
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Rainer PP, Kass DA. Old dog, new tricks: novel cardiac targets and stress regulation by protein kinase G. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 111:154-62. [PMID: 27297890 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The second messenger cyclic guanosine 3'5' monophosphate (cGMP) and its downstream effector protein kinase G (PKG) have been discovered more than 40 years ago. In vessels, PKG1 induces smooth muscle relaxation in response to nitric oxide signalling and thus lowers systemic and pulmonary blood pressure. In platelets, PKG1 stimulation by cGMP inhibits activation and aggregation, and in experimental models of heart failure (HF), PKG1 activation by inhibiting cGMP degradation is protective. The net effect of the above-mentioned signalling is cardiovascular protection. Yet, while modulation of cGMP-PKG has entered clinical practice for treating pulmonary hypertension or erectile dysfunction, translation of promising studies in experimental HF to clinical success has failed thus far. With the advent of new technologies, novel mechanisms of PKG regulation, including mechanosensing, redox regulation, protein quality control, and cGMP degradation, have been discovered. These novel, non-canonical roles of PKG1 may help understand why clinical translation has disappointed thus far. Addressing them appears to be a requisite for future, successful translation of experimental studies to the clinical arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter P Rainer
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, A-8036 Graz, Austria
| | - David A Kass
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
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33
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Kirk JA, Holewinski RJ, Crowgey EL, Van Eyk JE. Protein kinase G signaling in cardiac pathophysiology: Impact of proteomics on clinical trials. Proteomics 2016; 16:894-905. [PMID: 26670943 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The protective role of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-stimulated protein kinase G (PKG) in the heart makes it an attractive target for therapeutic drug development to treat a variety of cardiac diseases. Phosphodiesterases degrade cGMP, thus phosphodiesterase inhibitors that can increase PKG are of translational interest and the subject of ongoing human trials. PKG signaling is complex, however, and understanding its downstream phosphorylation targets and upstream regulation are necessary steps toward safe and efficacious drug development. Proteomic technologies have paved the way for assays that allow us to peer broadly into signaling minutia, including protein quantity changes and phosphorylation events. However, there are persistent challenges to the proteomic study of PKG, such as the impact of the expression of different PKG isoforms, changes in its localization within the cell, and alterations caused by oxidative stress. PKG signaling is also dependent upon sex and potentially the genetic and epigenetic background of the individual. Thus, the rigorous application of proteomics to the field will be necessary to address how these effectors can alter PKG signaling and interfere with pharmacological interventions. This review will summarize PKG signaling, how it is being targeted clinically, and the proteomic challenges and techniques that are being used to study it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Kirk
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Ronald J Holewinski
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Erin L Crowgey
- Center for Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Jennifer E Van Eyk
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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34
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Tokudome T, Kishimoto I, Shindo T, Kawakami H, Koyama T, Otani K, Nishimura H, Miyazato M, Kohno M, Nakao K, Kangawa K. Importance of Endogenous Atrial and Brain Natriuretic Peptides in Murine Embryonic Vascular and Organ Development. Endocrinology 2016; 157:358-67. [PMID: 26517044 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) bind to the receptor guanylyl cyclase (GC)-A, leading to diuresis, natriuresis, and blood vessel dilation. In addition, ANP and BNP have various angiogenic properties in ischemic tissue. When breeding mice devoid of GC-A, we noted significant skewing of the Mendelian ratio in the offspring, suggesting embryonic lethality due to knockout of GC-A. Consequently, we here investigated the roles of endogenous ANP and BNP in embryonic neovascularization and organ morphogenesis. Embryos resulting from GC-A(-/-) × GC-A(+/-) crosses developed hydrops fetalis (HF) beginning at embryonic day (E)14.5. All embryos with HF had the genotype GC-A(-/-). At E17.5, 33.3% (12 of 36) of GC-A(-/-) embryos had HF, and all GC-A(-/-) embryos with HF were dead. Beginning at E16.0, HF-GC-A(-/-) embryos demonstrated poorly developed superficial vascular vessels and sc hemorrhage, the fetal side of the placenta appeared ischemic, and vitelline vessels on the yolk sac were poorly developed. Furthermore, HF-GC-A(-/-) embryos also showed abnormal constriction of umbilical cord vascular vessels, few cardiac trabeculae and a thin compact zone, hepatic hemorrhage, and poor bone development. Electron microscopy of E16.5 HF-GC-A(-/-) embryos revealed severe vacuolar degeneration in endothelial cells, and the expected 3-layer structure of the smooth muscle wall of the umbilical artery was indistinct. These data demonstrate the importance of the endogenous ANP/BNP-GC-A system not only in the neovascularization of ischemic tissues but also in embryonic vascular development and organ morphogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Atrial Natriuretic Factor/genetics
- Atrial Natriuretic Factor/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Crosses, Genetic
- Embryo, Mammalian/cytology
- Embryo, Mammalian/metabolism
- Embryo, Mammalian/pathology
- Embryo, Mammalian/ultrastructure
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/cytology
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/ultrastructure
- Humans
- Hydrops Fetalis/genetics
- Hydrops Fetalis/pathology
- Hydrops Fetalis/veterinary
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Mice, Knockout
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/genetics
- Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Physiologic
- Organogenesis
- Pregnancy
- Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor/agonists
- Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor/deficiency
- Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor/genetics
- Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Tokudome
- Department of Biochemistry (T.T., I.K., H.N., M.M.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Research (T.S., T.K.), Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Anatomy (H.K.), Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, 565-8565 Japan; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (K.O.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiorenal and Cerebrovascular Medicine (M.K.), Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, 565-8565 Japan; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Medical Innovation Center (K.N.), Kyoto, 565-8565 Japan; and Director General (K.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan
| | - Ichiro Kishimoto
- Department of Biochemistry (T.T., I.K., H.N., M.M.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Research (T.S., T.K.), Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Anatomy (H.K.), Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, 565-8565 Japan; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (K.O.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiorenal and Cerebrovascular Medicine (M.K.), Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, 565-8565 Japan; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Medical Innovation Center (K.N.), Kyoto, 565-8565 Japan; and Director General (K.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan
| | - Takayuki Shindo
- Department of Biochemistry (T.T., I.K., H.N., M.M.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Research (T.S., T.K.), Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Anatomy (H.K.), Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, 565-8565 Japan; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (K.O.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiorenal and Cerebrovascular Medicine (M.K.), Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, 565-8565 Japan; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Medical Innovation Center (K.N.), Kyoto, 565-8565 Japan; and Director General (K.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan
| | - Hayato Kawakami
- Department of Biochemistry (T.T., I.K., H.N., M.M.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Research (T.S., T.K.), Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Anatomy (H.K.), Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, 565-8565 Japan; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (K.O.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiorenal and Cerebrovascular Medicine (M.K.), Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, 565-8565 Japan; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Medical Innovation Center (K.N.), Kyoto, 565-8565 Japan; and Director General (K.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan
| | - Teruhide Koyama
- Department of Biochemistry (T.T., I.K., H.N., M.M.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Research (T.S., T.K.), Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Anatomy (H.K.), Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, 565-8565 Japan; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (K.O.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiorenal and Cerebrovascular Medicine (M.K.), Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, 565-8565 Japan; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Medical Innovation Center (K.N.), Kyoto, 565-8565 Japan; and Director General (K.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan
| | - Kentaro Otani
- Department of Biochemistry (T.T., I.K., H.N., M.M.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Research (T.S., T.K.), Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Anatomy (H.K.), Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, 565-8565 Japan; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (K.O.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiorenal and Cerebrovascular Medicine (M.K.), Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, 565-8565 Japan; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Medical Innovation Center (K.N.), Kyoto, 565-8565 Japan; and Director General (K.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan
| | - Hirohito Nishimura
- Department of Biochemistry (T.T., I.K., H.N., M.M.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Research (T.S., T.K.), Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Anatomy (H.K.), Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, 565-8565 Japan; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (K.O.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiorenal and Cerebrovascular Medicine (M.K.), Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, 565-8565 Japan; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Medical Innovation Center (K.N.), Kyoto, 565-8565 Japan; and Director General (K.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan
| | - Mikiya Miyazato
- Department of Biochemistry (T.T., I.K., H.N., M.M.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Research (T.S., T.K.), Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Anatomy (H.K.), Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, 565-8565 Japan; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (K.O.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiorenal and Cerebrovascular Medicine (M.K.), Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, 565-8565 Japan; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Medical Innovation Center (K.N.), Kyoto, 565-8565 Japan; and Director General (K.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan
| | - Masakazu Kohno
- Department of Biochemistry (T.T., I.K., H.N., M.M.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Research (T.S., T.K.), Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Anatomy (H.K.), Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, 565-8565 Japan; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (K.O.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiorenal and Cerebrovascular Medicine (M.K.), Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, 565-8565 Japan; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Medical Innovation Center (K.N.), Kyoto, 565-8565 Japan; and Director General (K.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan
| | - Kazuwa Nakao
- Department of Biochemistry (T.T., I.K., H.N., M.M.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Research (T.S., T.K.), Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Anatomy (H.K.), Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, 565-8565 Japan; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (K.O.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiorenal and Cerebrovascular Medicine (M.K.), Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, 565-8565 Japan; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Medical Innovation Center (K.N.), Kyoto, 565-8565 Japan; and Director General (K.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan
| | - Kenji Kangawa
- Department of Biochemistry (T.T., I.K., H.N., M.M.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Research (T.S., T.K.), Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Anatomy (H.K.), Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, 565-8565 Japan; Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (K.O.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan; Department of Cardiorenal and Cerebrovascular Medicine (M.K.), Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, 565-8565 Japan; Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Medical Innovation Center (K.N.), Kyoto, 565-8565 Japan; and Director General (K.K.), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Research Center, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan
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Bosier B, Doyen PJ, Brolet A, Muccioli GG, Ahmed E, Desmet N, Hermans E, Deumens R. Inhibition of the regulator of G protein signalling RGS4 in the spinal cord decreases neuropathic hyperalgesia and restores cannabinoid CB1 receptor signalling. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:5333-46. [PMID: 26478461 PMCID: PMC5341217 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Regulators of G protein signalling (RGS) are major determinants of metabotropic receptor activity, reducing the lifespan of the GTP-bound state of G proteins. Because the reduced potency of analgesic agents in neuropathic pain may reflect alterations in RGS, we assessed the effects of CCG 63802, a specific RGS4 inhibitor, on pain hypersensitivity and signalling through cannabinoid receptors, in a model of neuropathic pain. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL) model in male Sprague Dawley rats was used to measure paw withdrawal thresholds to mechanical (von Frey hairs) or thermal (Hargreaves method) stimuli, during and after intrathecal injection of CCG 63802. HEK293 cells expressing CB1 receptors and conditional expression of RGS4 were used to correlate cAMP production and ERK phosphorylation with receptor activation and RGS4 action. KEY RESULTS Treatment of PSNL rats with CCG 63802, twice daily for 7 days after nerve injury, attenuated thermal hyperalgesia during treatment. Spinal levels of anandamide were higher in PSNL animals, irrespective of the treatment. Although expression of CB1 receptors was unaffected, HU210-induced CB1 receptor signalling was inhibited in PSNL rats and restored after intrathecal CCG 63802. In transfected HEK cells expressing CB1 receptors and RGS4, inhibition of cAMP production, a downstream effect of CB1 receptor signalling, was blunted after RGS4 overexpression. RGS4 expression also attenuated the CB1 receptor-controlled activation of ERK1/2. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Inhibition of spinal RGS4 restored endogenous analgesic signalling pathways and mitigated neuropathic pain. Signalling through CB1 receptors may be involved in this beneficial effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bosier
- Neuropharmacology Group, Institute of NeuroscienceUniversité catholique de LouvainBrusselsBelgium
| | - Pierre J. Doyen
- Neuropharmacology Group, Institute of NeuroscienceUniversité catholique de LouvainBrusselsBelgium
| | - Amandine Brolet
- Neuropharmacology Group, Institute of NeuroscienceUniversité catholique de LouvainBrusselsBelgium
| | - Giulio G. Muccioli
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research InstituteUniversité catholique de LouvainBrusselsBelgium
| | - Eman Ahmed
- Neuropharmacology Group, Institute of NeuroscienceUniversité catholique de LouvainBrusselsBelgium
- Department of Clinical PharmacologyFaculty of Medicine, Suez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt
| | - Nathalie Desmet
- Neuropharmacology Group, Institute of NeuroscienceUniversité catholique de LouvainBrusselsBelgium
| | - Emmanuel Hermans
- Neuropharmacology Group, Institute of NeuroscienceUniversité catholique de LouvainBrusselsBelgium
| | - Ronald Deumens
- Neuropharmacology Group, Institute of NeuroscienceUniversité catholique de LouvainBrusselsBelgium
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Kerkelä R, Ulvila J, Magga J. Natriuretic Peptides in the Regulation of Cardiovascular Physiology and Metabolic Events. J Am Heart Assoc 2015; 4:e002423. [PMID: 26508744 PMCID: PMC4845118 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.002423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Risto Kerkelä
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Finland (R.K., J.U., J.M.) Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Finland (R.K.)
| | - Johanna Ulvila
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Finland (R.K., J.U., J.M.)
| | - Johanna Magga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Finland (R.K., J.U., J.M.)
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Wang Y, Li ZC, Zhang P, Poon E, Kong CW, Boheler KR, Huang Y, Li RA, Yao X. Nitric Oxide-cGMP-PKG Pathway Acts on Orai1 to Inhibit the Hypertrophy of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Stem Cells 2015; 33:2973-84. [PMID: 26269433 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is an abnormal enlargement of heart muscle. It frequently results in congestive heart failure, which is a leading cause of human death. Previous studies demonstrated that the nitric oxide (NO), cyclic GMP (cGMP), and protein kinase G (PKG) signaling pathway can inhibit cardiac hypertrophy and thus improve cardiac function. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, based on the human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hESC-CM) model system, we showed that Orai1, the pore-forming subunit of store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE), is the downstream effector of PKG. Treatment of hESC-CMs with an α-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine (PE) caused a marked hypertrophy, which was accompanied by an upregulation of Orai1. Moreover, suppression of Orai1 expression/activity using Orai1-siRNAs or a dominant-negative construct Orai1(G98A) inhibited the hypertrophy, suggesting that Orai1-mediated SOCE is indispensable for the PE-induced hypertrophy of hESC-CMs. In addition, the hypertrophy was inhibited by NO and cGMP via activating PKG. Importantly, substitution of Ala for Ser(34) in Orai1 abolished the antihypertrophic effects of NO, cGMP, and PKG. Furthermore, PKG could directly phosphorylate Orai1 at Ser(34) and thus prevent Orai1-mediated SOCE. Together, we conclude that NO, cGMP, and PKG inhibit the hypertrophy of hESC-CMs via PKG-mediated phosphorylation on Orai1-Ser-34. These results provide novel mechanistic insights into the action of cGMP-PKG-related antihypertrophic agents, such as NO donors and sildenafil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Z C Li
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - P Zhang
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - E Poon
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Consortium, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,The Department of Physiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - C W Kong
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Consortium, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - K R Boheler
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Consortium, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,The Department of Physiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Huang
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - R A Li
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Consortium, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - X Yao
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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Straubinger J, Schöttle V, Bork N, Subramanian H, Dünnes S, Russwurm M, Gawaz M, Friebe A, Nemer M, Nikolaev VO, Lukowski R. Sildenafil Does Not Prevent Heart Hypertrophy and Fibrosis Induced by Cardiomyocyte Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Signaling. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015; 354:406-16. [PMID: 26157043 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.115.226092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Analyses of several mouse models imply that the phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor sildenafil (SIL), via increasing cGMP, affords protection against angiotensin II (Ang II)-stimulated cardiac remodeling. However, it is unclear which cell types are involved in these beneficial effects, because Ang II may exert its adverse effects by modulating multiple renovascular and cardiac functions via Ang II type 1 receptors (AT1Rs). To test the hypothesis that SIL/cGMP inhibit cardiac stress provoked by amplified Ang II/AT1R directly in cardiomyocytes (CMs), we studied transgenic mice with CM-specific overexpression of the AT1R under the control of the α-myosin heavy chain promoter (αMHC-AT1R(tg/+)). The extent of cardiac growth was assessed in the absence or presence of SIL and defined by referring changes in heart weight to body weight or tibia length. Hypertrophic marker genes, extracellular matrix-regulating factors, and expression patterns of fibrosis markers were examined in αMHC-AT1R(tg/+) ventricles (with or without SIL) and corroborated by investigating different components of the natriuretic peptide/PDE5/cGMP pathway as well as cardiac functions. cGMP levels in heart lysates and intact CMs were measured by competitive immunoassays and Förster resonance energy transfer. We found higher cardiac and CM cGMP levels and upregulation of the cGMP-dependent protein kinase type I with AT1R overexpression. However, even a prolonged SIL treatment regimen did not limit the progressive CM growth, fibrosis, or decline in cardiac functions in the αMHC-AT1R(tg/+) model, suggesting that SIL does not interfere with the pathogenic actions of amplified AT1R signaling in CMs. Hence, the cardiac/noncardiac cells involved in the cross-talk between SIL-sensitive PDE activity and Ang II/AT1R still need to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Straubinger
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Verena Schöttle
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Nadja Bork
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Hariharan Subramanian
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Sarah Dünnes
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Michael Russwurm
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Meinrad Gawaz
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Andreas Friebe
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Mona Nemer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Viacheslav O Nikolaev
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
| | - Robert Lukowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (J.S., V.S., N.B., R.L.); Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.); Physiologisches Institut I, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (S.D., A.F.); Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (M.R.); Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (M.G.); Laboratory of Cardiac Development and Differentiation, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.N.); and Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.N.)
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Regulation of Gβγi-dependent PLC-β3 activity in smooth muscle: inhibitory phosphorylation of PLC-β3 by PKA and PKG and stimulatory phosphorylation of Gαi-GTPase-activating protein RGS2 by PKG. Cell Biochem Biophys 2015; 70:867-80. [PMID: 24777815 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-014-9992-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In gastrointestinal smooth muscle, agonists that bind to Gi-coupled receptors activate preferentially PLC-β3 via Gβγ to stimulate phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis and generate inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) leading to IP3-dependent Ca(2+) release and muscle contraction. In the present study, we identified the mechanism of inhibition of PLC-β3-dependent PI hydrolysis by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG). Cyclopentyl adenosine (CPA), an adenosine A1 receptor agonist, caused an increase in PI hydrolysis in a concentration-dependent fashion; stimulation was blocked by expression of the carboxyl-terminal sequence of GRK2(495-689), a Gβγ-scavenging peptide, or Gαi minigene but not Gαq minigene. Isoproterenol and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) induced phosphorylation of PLC-β3 and inhibited CPA-induced PI hydrolysis, Ca(2+) release, and muscle contraction. The effect of isoproterenol on all three responses was inhibited by PKA inhibitor, myristoylated PKI, or AKAP inhibitor, Ht-31, whereas the effect of GSNO was selectively inhibited by PKG inhibitor, Rp-cGMPS. GSNO, but not isoproterenol, also phosphorylated Gαi-GTPase-activating protein, RGS2, and enhanced association of Gαi3-GTP and RGS2. The effect of GSNO on PI hydrolysis was partly reversed in cells (i) expressing constitutively active GTPase-resistant Gαi mutant (Q204L), (ii) phosphorylation-site-deficient RGS2 mutant (S46A/S64A), or (iii) siRNA for RGS2. We conclude that PKA and PKG inhibit Gβγi-dependent PLC-β3 activity by direct phosphorylation of PLC-β3. PKG, but not PKA, also inhibits PI hydrolysis indirectly by a mechanism involving phosphorylation of RGS2 and its association with Gαi-GTP. This allows RGS2 to accelerate Gαi-GTPase activity, enhance Gαβγi trimer formation, and inhibit Gβγi-dependent PLC-β3 activity.
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Kang JH, Lee HS, Kang YW, Cho KH. Systems biological approaches to the cardiac signaling network. Brief Bioinform 2015; 17:419-28. [DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbv039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Nakamura T, Ranek MJ, Lee DI, Shalkey Hahn V, Kim C, Eaton P, Kass DA. Prevention of PKG1α oxidation augments cardioprotection in the stressed heart. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:2468-72. [PMID: 25938783 DOI: 10.1172/jci80275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The cGMP-dependent protein kinase-1α (PKG1α) transduces NO and natriuretic peptide signaling; therefore, PKG1α activation can benefit the failing heart. Disease modifiers such as oxidative stress may depress the efficacy of PKG1α pathway activation and underlie variable clinical results. PKG1α can also be directly oxidized, forming a disulfide bond between homodimer subunits at cysteine 42 to enhance oxidant-stimulated vasorelaxation; however, the impact of PKG1α oxidation on myocardial regulation is unknown. Here, we demonstrated that PKG1α is oxidized in both patients with heart disease and in rodent disease models. Moreover, this oxidation contributed to adverse heart remodeling following sustained pressure overload or Gq agonist stimulation. Compared with control hearts and myocytes, those expressing a redox-dead protein (PKG1α(C42S)) better adapted to cardiac stresses at functional, histological, and molecular levels. Redox-dependent changes in PKG1α altered intracellular translocation, with the activated, oxidized form solely located in the cytosol, whereas reduced PKG1α(C42S) translocated to and remained at the outer plasma membrane. This altered PKG1α localization enhanced suppression of transient receptor potential channel 6 (TRPC6), thereby potentiating antihypertrophic signaling. Together, these results demonstrate that myocardial PKG1α oxidation prevents a beneficial response to pathological stress, may explain variable responses to PKG1α pathway stimulation in heart disease, and indicate that maintaining PKG1α in its reduced form may optimize its intrinsic cardioprotective properties.
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Arnold C, Feldner A, Pfisterer L, Hödebeck M, Troidl K, Genové G, Wieland T, Hecker M, Korff T. RGS5 promotes arterial growth during arteriogenesis. EMBO Mol Med 2015; 6:1075-89. [PMID: 24972930 PMCID: PMC4154134 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201403864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Arteriogenesis—the growth of collateral arterioles—partially compensates for the progressive occlusion of large conductance arteries as it may occur as a consequence of coronary, cerebral or peripheral artery disease. Despite being clinically highly relevant, mechanisms driving this process remain elusive. In this context, our study revealed that abundance of regulator of G-protein signalling 5 (RGS5) is increased in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) of remodelling collateral arterioles. RGS5 terminates G-protein-coupled signalling cascades which control contractile responses of SMCs. Consequently, overexpression of RGS5 blunted Gαq/11-mediated mobilization of intracellular calcium, thereby facilitating Gα12/13-mediated RhoA signalling which is crucial for arteriogenesis. Knockdown of RGS5 evoked opposite effects and thus strongly impaired collateral growth as evidenced by a blockade of RhoA activation, SMC proliferation and the inability of these cells to acquire an activated phenotype in RGS5-deficient mice after the onset of arteriogenesis. Collectively, these findings establish RGS5 as a novel determinant of arteriogenesis which shifts G-protein signalling from Gαq/11-mediated calcium-dependent contraction towards Gα12/13-mediated Rho kinase-dependent SMC activation. Subject Categories Vascular Biology & Angiogenesis
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Arnold
- Division of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anja Feldner
- Division of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Larissa Pfisterer
- Division of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maren Hödebeck
- Division of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Troidl
- Department of Pharmacology, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Guillem Genové
- Division of Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Wieland
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Markus Hecker
- Division of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Korff
- Division of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Ganss R. Keeping the Balance Right. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2015; 133:93-121. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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44
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Miura SI, Nakayama A, Tomita S, Matsuo Y, Suematsu Y, Saku K. Comparison of aldosterone synthesis in adrenal cells, effect of various AT1 receptor blockers with or without atrial natriuretic peptide. Clin Exp Hypertens 2014; 37:353-7. [PMID: 25496380 DOI: 10.3109/10641963.2014.987391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Bifunctional angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 (AT1) receptor blockers (ARBs) that can block the activation of not only AT1 receptor, but also neprilysin, which metabolizes vasoactive peptides including atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), are currently being developed. However, the usefulness of the inactivation of ANP in addition to the AT1 receptor with regard to aldosterone (Ald) synthesis is not yet clear. We evaluated the inhibitory effects of various ARBs combined with or without ANP on Ang II-induced adrenal Ald synthesis using a human adrenocortical cell line (NCI-H295R). Ang II increased Ald synthesis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Ald synthesis induced by Ang II was completely blocked by azilsartan, but not PD123319 (AT2 receptor antagonist). CGP42112 AT2 receptor agonist did not affect Ald synthesis. While most ARBs block Ang II-induced Ald synthesis to different extents, azilsartan and olmesartan have similar blocking effects on Ald synthesis. The different effects of ARBs were particularly observed at 10(-7) and 10(-8 )M. ANP attenuated Ang II-induced Ald synthesis, and ANP-mediated attenuation of Ang II-induced Ald synthesis were blocked by inhibitors of G-protein signaling subtype 4 and protein kinase G. ANP (10(-8) and 10(-7 )M) without ARBs inhibited Ald synthesis, and the combination of ANP (10(-7 )M) and ARB (10(-8 )M) had an additive effect with respect to the inhibition of Ald synthesis. In conclusions, ARBs had differential effects on Ang II-induced Ald synthesis, and ANP may help to block Ald synthesis when the dose of ARB is not sufficient to block its secretion.
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45
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Liu Y, Huang H, Zhang Y, Zhu XY, Zhang R, Guan LH, Tang Q, Jiang H, Huang C. Regulator of G protein signaling 3 protects against cardiac hypertrophy in mice. J Cell Biochem 2014; 115:977-86. [PMID: 24375609 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Regulator of G protein signaling 3 (RGS3) is a negative regulator of G protein-mediated signaling. RGS3 has previously been shown to be expressed among various cell types within the mature heart. Basic and clinical studies have reported abnormal expressions of RGS3 in hypertrophic hearts and in the failing myocardium. However, the role of RGS3 in cardiac remodeling remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of cardiac overexpression of human RGS3 on cardiac hypertrophy induced by aortic banding (AB) in RGS3 transgenic mice and wild-type littermates. The extent of cardiac hypertrophy was evaluated by echocardiography as well as pathological and molecular analyses of heart samples. RGS3 overexpression in the heart markedly reduced the extent of cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and left ventricular dysfunction in response to AB. These beneficial effects were associated with the inhibition of MEK-ERK1/2 signaling. In vitro studies performed in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes confirmed that RGS3 overexpression inhibits hypertrophic growth induced by angiotensin II, which was associated with the attenuation of MEK-ERK1/2 signaling. Therefore, cardiac overexpression of RGS3 inhibits maladaptive hypertrophy and fibrosis and improves cardiac function by blocking MEK-ERK1/2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
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46
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Dobrivojević M, Špiranec K, Sinđić A. Involvement of bradykinin in brain edema development after ischemic stroke. Pflugers Arch 2014; 467:201-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-014-1519-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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47
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Wang S, Gong H, Jiang G, Ye Y, Wu J, You J, Zhang G, Sun A, Komuro I, Ge J, Zou Y. Src is required for mechanical stretch-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through angiotensin II type 1 receptor-dependent β-arrestin2 pathways. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92926. [PMID: 24699426 PMCID: PMC3974699 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin II (AngII) type 1 receptor (AT1-R) can be activated by mechanical stress (MS) without the involvement of AngII during the development of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, in which G protein-independent pathways are critically involved. Although β-arrestin2-biased signaling has been speculated, little is known about how AT1-R/β-arrestin2 leads to ERK1/2 activation. Here, we present a novel mechanism by which Src kinase mediates AT1-R/β-arrestin2-dependent ERK1/2 phosphorylation in response to MS. Differing from stimulation by AngII, MS-triggered ERK1/2 phosphorylation is neither suppressed by overexpression of RGS4 (the negative regulator of the G-protein coupling signal) nor by inhibition of Gαq downstream protein kinase C (PKC) with GF109203X. The release of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) is increased by AngII but not by MS. These results collectively suggest that MS-induced ERK1/2 activation through AT1-R might be independent of G-protein coupling. Moreover, either knockdown of β-arrestin2 or overexpression of a dominant negative mutant of β-arrestin2 prevents MS-induced activation of ERK1/2. We further identifies a relationship between Src, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase and β-arrestin2 using analyses of co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence after MS stimulation. Furthermore, MS-, but not AngII-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation is attenuated by Src inhibition, which also significantly improves pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction in mice lacking AngII. Finally, MS-induced Src activation and hypertrophic response are abolished by candesartan but not by valsartan whereas AngII-induced responses can be abrogated by both blockers. Our results suggest that Src plays a critical role in MS-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through β-arrestin2-associated angiotensin II type 1 receptor signaling.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensinogen/physiology
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Arrestins/genetics
- Arrestins/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Cardiomegaly/metabolism
- Cardiomegaly/pathology
- Cells, Cultured
- Echocardiography
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Immunoprecipitation
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/genetics
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/metabolism
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/genetics
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Phosphorylation
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Rats
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Signal Transduction
- Stress, Mechanical
- beta-Arrestins
- src-Family Kinases/genetics
- src-Family Kinases/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoliang Jiang
- Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Ye
- Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieyun You
- Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aijun Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junbo Ge
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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48
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Jaba IM, Zhuang ZW, Li N, Jiang Y, Martin KA, Sinusas AJ, Papademetris X, Simons M, Sessa WC, Young LH, Tirziu D. NO triggers RGS4 degradation to coordinate angiogenesis and cardiomyocyte growth. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:1718-31. [PMID: 23454748 DOI: 10.1172/jci65112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial hypertrophy is an adaptation to increased hemodynamic demands. An increase in heart tissue must be matched by a corresponding expansion of the coronary vasculature to maintain and adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients for the heart. The physiological mechanisms that underlie the coordination of angiogenesis and cardiomyocyte growth are unknown. We report that induction of myocardial angiogenesis promotes cardiomyocyte growth and cardiac hypertrophy through a novel NO-dependent mechanism. We used transgenic, conditional overexpression of placental growth factor (PlGF) in murine cardiac tissues to stimulate myocardial angiogenesis and increase endothelial-derived NO release. NO production, in turn, induced myocardial hypertrophy by promoting proteasomal degradation of regulator of G protein signaling type 4 (RGS4), thus relieving the repression of the Gβγ/PI3Kγ/AKT/mTORC1 pathway that stimulates cardiomyocyte growth. This hypertrophic response was prevented by concomitant transgenic expression of RGS4 in cardiomyocytes. NOS inhibitor L-NAME also significantly attenuated RGS4 degradation, and reduced activation of AKT/mTORC1 signaling and induction of myocardial hypertrophy in PlGF transgenic mice, while conditional cardiac-specific PlGF expression in eNOS knockout mice did not induce myocardial hypertrophy. These findings describe a novel NO/RGS4/Gβγ/PI3Kγ/AKT mechanism that couples cardiac vessel growth with myocyte growth and heart size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina M Jaba
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
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Turovsky EA, Turovskaya MV, Dolgacheva LP, Zinchenko VP, Dynnik VV. Acetylcholine promotes Ca2+ and NO-oscillations in adipocytes implicating Ca2+→NO→cGMP→cADP-ribose→Ca2+ positive feedback loop--modulatory effects of norepinephrine and atrial natriuretic peptide. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63483. [PMID: 23696827 PMCID: PMC3656004 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated possible mechanisms of autoregulation of Ca(2+) signalling pathways in adipocytes responsible for Ca(2+) and NO oscillations and switching phenomena promoted by acetylcholine (ACh), norepinephrine (NE) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). METHODS Fluorescent microscopy was used to detect changes in Ca(2+) and NO in cultures of rodent white adipocytes. Agonists and inhibitors were applied to characterize the involvement of various enzymes and Ca(2+)-channels in Ca(2+) signalling pathways. RESULTS ACh activating M3-muscarinic receptors and Gβγ protein dependent phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase induces Ca(2+) and NO oscillations in adipocytes. At low concentrations of ACh which are insufficient to induce oscillations, NE or α1, α2-adrenergic agonists act by amplifying the effect of ACh to promote Ca(2+) oscillations or switching phenomena. SNAP, 8-Br-cAMP, NAD and ANP may also produce similar set of dynamic regimes. These regimes arise from activation of the ryanodine receptor (RyR) with the implication of a long positive feedback loop (PFL): Ca(2+)→NO→cGMP→cADPR→Ca(2+), which determines periodic or steady operation of a short PFL based on Ca(2+)-induced Ca(2+) release via RyR by generating cADPR, a coagonist of Ca(2+) at the RyR. Interplay between these two loops may be responsible for the observed effects. Several other PFLs, based on activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase or of protein kinase B by Ca(2+)-dependent kinases, may reinforce functioning of main PFL and enhance reliability. All observed regimes are independent of operation of the phospholipase C/Ca(2+)-signalling axis, which may be switched off due to negative feedback arising from phosphorylation of the inositol-3-phosphate receptor by protein kinase G. CONCLUSIONS This study presents a kinetic model of Ca(2+)-signalling system operating in adipocytes and integrating signals from various agonists, which describes it as multivariable multi feedback network with a family of nested positive feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egor A. Turovsky
- Department of Intracellular Signalling, Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Mariya V. Turovskaya
- Department of Intracellular Signalling, Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Ludmila P. Dolgacheva
- Department of Intracellular Signalling, Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Valery P. Zinchenko
- Department of Intracellular Signalling, Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Vladimir V. Dynnik
- Department of Intracellular Signalling, Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
- Department of System Biochemistry, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
- * E-mail:
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50
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Holobotovskyy V, Manzur M, Tare M, Burchell J, Bolitho E, Viola H, Hool LC, Arnolda LF, McKitrick DJ, Ganss R. Regulator of G-protein signaling 5 controls blood pressure homeostasis and vessel wall remodeling. Circ Res 2013; 112:781-91. [PMID: 23303165 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.111.300142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Regulator of G-protein signaling 5 (RGS5) modulates G-protein-coupled receptor signaling and is prominently expressed in arterial smooth muscle cells. Our group first reported that RGS5 is important in vascular remodeling during tumor angiogenesis. We hypothesized that RGS5 may play an important role in vessel wall remodeling and blood pressure regulation. OBJECTIVE To demonstrate that RGS5 has a unique and nonredundant role in the pathogenesis of hypertension and to identify crucial RGS5-regulated signaling pathways. METHODS AND RESULTS We observed that arterial RGS5 expression is downregulated with chronically elevated blood pressure after angiotensin II infusion. Using a knockout mouse model, radiotelemetry, and pharmacological inhibition, we subsequently showed that loss of RGS5 results in profound hypertension. RGS5 signaling is linked to the renin-angiotensin system and directly controls vascular resistance, vessel contractility, and remodeling. RGS5 deficiency aggravates pathophysiological features of hypertension, such as medial hypertrophy and fibrosis. Moreover, we demonstrate that protein kinase C, mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and Rho kinase signaling pathways are major effectors of RGS5-mediated hypertension. CONCLUSIONS Loss of RGS5 results in hypertension. Loss of RGS5 signaling also correlates with hyper-responsiveness to vasoconstrictors and vascular stiffening. This establishes a significant, distinct, and causal role of RGS5 in vascular homeostasis. RGS5 modulates signaling through the angiotensin II receptor 1 and major Gαq-coupled downstream pathways, including Rho kinase. So far, activation of RhoA/Rho kinase has not been associated with RGS molecules. Thus, RGS5 is a crucial regulator of blood pressure homeostasis with significant clinical implications for vascular pathologies, such as hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasyl Holobotovskyy
- Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, Rear, 50 Murray St, Perth, WA 6010, Australia
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