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Min L, Zhong F, Gu L, Lee K, He JC. Krüppel-like factor 2 is an endoprotective transcription factor in diabetic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 327:C477-C486. [PMID: 38981608 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00222.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a microvascular complication of diabetes, and glomerular endothelial cell (GEC) dysfunction is a key driver of DKD pathogenesis. Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2), a shear stress-induced transcription factor, is among the highly regulated genes in early DKD. In the kidney, KLF2 expression is mostly restricted to endothelial cells, but its expression is also found in immune cell subsets. KLF2 expression is upregulated in response to increased shear stress by the activation of mechanosensory receptors but suppressed by inflammatory cytokines, both of which characterize the early diabetic kidney milieu. KLF2 expression is reduced in progressive DKD and hypertensive nephropathy in humans and mice, likely due to high glucose and inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α. However, KLF2 expression is increased in glomerular hyperfiltration-induced shear stress without metabolic dysregulation, such as in settings of unilateral nephrectomy. Lower KLF2 expression is associated with CKD progression in patients with unilateral nephrectomy, consistent with its endoprotective role. KLF2 confers endoprotection by inhibition of inflammation, thrombotic activation, and angiogenesis, and thus KLF2 is considered a protective factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Based on similar mechanisms, KLF2 also exhibits renoprotection, and its reduced expression in endothelial cells worsens glomerular injury and albuminuria in settings of diabetes or unilateral nephrectomy. Thus KLF2 confers endoprotective effects in both CVD and DKD, and its activators could potentially be developed as a novel class of drugs for cardiorenal protection in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulin Min
- Department of Nephrology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Medicine/Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Fang Zhong
- Department of Medicine/Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Leyi Gu
- Department of Nephrology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kyung Lee
- Department of Medicine/Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - John Cijiang He
- Department of Medicine/Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
- Renal Section, James J. Peters Veterans Affair Medical Center, Bronx, New York, United States
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2
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Luo J, Wang L, Cui C, Chen H, Zeng W, Li X. MicroRNA-19a-3p inhibits endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis by targeting JCAD. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:394. [PMID: 39080547 PMCID: PMC11287888 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-04063-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the influences and mechanisms of MicroRNA-19a-3p (miR-19a-3p) on endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis. METHODS An analysis of miR-19a expression was carried out using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The effect of miR-19a-3p on endothelial function in HUVECs was evaluated by miR-19a-3p overexpression under TNF-α treatment. Luciferase assays were performed to explore the potential target genes. Overexpression of junctional protein associated with coronary artery disease (JCAD) was used to examine the effects of miR-19a-3p on cell adhesion, and proliferation. RESULTS MiR-19a-3p expression in endothelial cells decreased after exposure to TNF-α and/or oscillatory flow, consistent with the expression change of miR-19a-3p found in atherosclerotic plaques. Additionally, endothelial cell dysfunction and inflammation were significantly diminished by miR-19a-3p overexpression but markedly exacerbated by miR-19a-3p inhibition. MiR-19a-3p transfection significantly decreased the expression of JCAD by binding to the 3'-UTR of JCAD mRNA. Furthermore, the protective effect of miR-19a-3p against endothelial cell dysfunction and inflammation was achieved by regulating JCAD and was closely linked to the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway. CONCLUSION MiR-19a-3p expression is a crucial molecular switch in the onset of atherosclerosis and miR-19a-3p overexpression is a possible pharmacological therapeutic strategy for reversing the development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinque Luo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, "The 14th Five-Year Plan" Application Characteristic Discipline of Hunan Province (Pharmaceutical Science), College of Pharmacy, Changsha Medical University, 1501 Leifeng Avenue, Changsha, 410219, Hunan, China
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Functional Nucleic Acid, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, Hunan, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, "The 14th Five-Year Plan" Application Characteristic Discipline of Hunan Province (Pharmaceutical Science), College of Pharmacy, Changsha Medical University, 1501 Leifeng Avenue, Changsha, 410219, Hunan, China
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Functional Nucleic Acid, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, Hunan, China
| | - Chaoyue Cui
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, "The 14th Five-Year Plan" Application Characteristic Discipline of Hunan Province (Pharmaceutical Science), College of Pharmacy, Changsha Medical University, 1501 Leifeng Avenue, Changsha, 410219, Hunan, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, "The 14th Five-Year Plan" Application Characteristic Discipline of Hunan Province (Pharmaceutical Science), College of Pharmacy, Changsha Medical University, 1501 Leifeng Avenue, Changsha, 410219, Hunan, China
| | - Wanli Zeng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, "The 14th Five-Year Plan" Application Characteristic Discipline of Hunan Province (Pharmaceutical Science), College of Pharmacy, Changsha Medical University, 1501 Leifeng Avenue, Changsha, 410219, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, "The 14th Five-Year Plan" Application Characteristic Discipline of Hunan Province (Pharmaceutical Science), College of Pharmacy, Changsha Medical University, 1501 Leifeng Avenue, Changsha, 410219, Hunan, China.
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3
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Meng Y, Hu Z, Zhang C, Bai H, Li Z, Guo X, Chen L. miR-92a-3p regulates ethanol-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Cell Stress Chaperones 2024; 29:381-391. [PMID: 38582327 PMCID: PMC11035041 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstres.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of miR-92a-3p in the ethanol-induced apoptosis of H9c2 cardiomyocytes remains unclear. In this study, we explored the role of miR-92a-3p in the ethanol-induced apoptosis of H9c2 cardiomyocytes and identified its target genes and signaling pathways. H9c2 cells were cultured with or without 100 mM ethanol for 24 h. The differential expression of miR-92a-3p was verified in H9c2 cells through reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). To manipulate the expression of miR-92a-3p, both a mimic and an inhibitor were transfected into H9c2 cells. An Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide apoptosis detection kit and apoptosis-related antibodies were used for apoptosis detection through flow cytometry and Western blotting, respectively. Target genes were verified through RT-qPCR, Western blotting, and double luciferase reporter gene assays. miR-92a-3p was significantly overexpressed in ethanol-stimulated H9c2 cardiomyocytes (P < 0.001). After ethanol stimulation, H9c2 myocardial cells exhibited increased apoptosis. The apoptosis rate was higher in the miR-92a-3p mimic group than in the control group. However, the apoptosis rate was lower in the miR-92a-3p inhibitor group than in the control group, indicating that miR-92a-3p promotes the ethanol-induced apoptosis of H9c2 myocardial cells. RT-qPCR and Western blotting revealed that the miR-92a-3p mimic and inhibitor significantly regulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase 2 and cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 (CREB3L2), suggesting that miR-92a-3p promotes the apoptosis of H9c2 cardiomyocytes by inhibiting the MSK2/CREB/Bcl-2 pathway. Therefore, the apoptosis of H9c2 cardiomyocytes increases after ethanol stimulation, and miR-92a-3p can directly target MSK2 and CREB3L2, thereby promoting the ethanol-induced apoptosis of H9c2 myocardial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Meng
- Department of Nutrition, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Hu
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Nutrition, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chenyi Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Nutrition, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hao Bai
- Department of Nutrition, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaoping Li
- Department of Nutrition, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinru Guo
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Nutrition, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Liyong Chen
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Nutrition, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Baek KI, Ryu K. Role of Flow-Sensitive Endothelial Genes in Atherosclerosis and Antiatherogenic Therapeutics Development. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024; 17:609-623. [PMID: 38010480 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10463-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is the underlying cause of cardiovascular disease which initiates from endothelial dysfunction from genetic and environmental risk factors, including biomechanical forces: blood flow. Endothelial cells (ECs) lining the inner arterial wall regions exposed to disturbed flow are prone to atherosclerosis development, whereas the straight regions exposed to stable flow are spared from the disease. These flow patterns induce genome- and epigenome-wide changes in gene expression in ECs. Through the sweeping changes in gene expression, disturbed flow reprograms ECs from athero-protected cell types under the stable flow condition to pro-atherogenic cell conditions. The pro-atherogenic changes induced by disturbed flow, in combination with additional risk factors such as hypercholesterolemia, lead to the progression of atherosclerosis. The flow-sensitive genes and proteins are critical in understanding the mechanisms and serve as novel targets for antiatherogenic therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung In Baek
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kitae Ryu
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Suwon, 17, Wauan-Gil, Bongdam-Eup, Hwaseong-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 18323, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Sriram K, Qi Z, Yuan D, Malhi NK, Liu X, Calandrelli R, Luo Y, Tapia A, Jin S, Shi J, Salas M, Dang R, Armstrong B, Priceman SJ, Wang PH, Liao J, Natarajan R, Zhong S, Bouman Chen Z. Regulation of nuclear transcription by mitochondrial RNA in endothelial cells. eLife 2024; 13:e86204. [PMID: 38251974 PMCID: PMC10803041 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Chromatin-associated RNAs (caRNAs) form a relatively poorly recognized layer of the epigenome. The caRNAs reported to date are transcribed from the nuclear genome. Here, leveraging a recently developed assay for detection of caRNAs and their genomic association, we report that mitochondrial RNAs (mtRNAs) are attached to the nuclear genome and constitute a subset of caRNA, thus termed mt-caRNA. In four human cell types analyzed, mt-caRNAs preferentially attach to promoter regions. In human endothelial cells (ECs), the level of mt-caRNA-promoter attachment changes in response to environmental stress that mimics diabetes. Suppression of a non-coding mt-caRNA in ECs attenuates stress-induced nascent RNA transcription from the nuclear genome, including that of critical genes regulating cell adhesion, and abolishes stress-induced monocyte adhesion, a hallmark of dysfunctional ECs. Finally, we report increased nuclear localization of multiple mtRNAs in the ECs of human diabetic donors, suggesting many mtRNA translocate to the nucleus in a cell stress and disease-dependent manner. These data nominate mt-caRNAs as messenger molecules responsible for mitochondrial-nuclear communication and connect the immediate product of mitochondrial transcription with the transcriptional regulation of the nuclear genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Sriram
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
| | - Zhijie Qi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
| | - Dongqiang Yuan
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
| | - Naseeb Kaur Malhi
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
| | - Xuejing Liu
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
| | - Riccardo Calandrelli
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
| | - Yingjun Luo
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
| | - Alonso Tapia
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
| | - Shengyan Jin
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Ji Shi
- Translura, IncNew HavenUnited States
| | - Martha Salas
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
| | - Runrui Dang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California RiversideRiversideUnited States
| | - Brian Armstrong
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
| | - Saul J Priceman
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Department of Immuno-oncology, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
| | - Ping H Wang
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
| | - Jiayu Liao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California RiversideRiversideUnited States
| | - Rama Natarajan
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
| | - Sheng Zhong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
| | - Zhen Bouman Chen
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
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6
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Shaheen N, Shaheen A, Diab RA, Desouki MT. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) role in hypertension: pathogenesis and promising therapeutics. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:319-328. [PMID: 38222760 PMCID: PMC10783350 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules that play a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and disease development. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of miRNAs in the development and progression of essential hypertension, a common form of high blood pressure that affects millions of individuals worldwide. The molecular mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate hypertension are complex and multifaceted. MiRNAs target the 3' untranslated regions of mRNA molecules, thereby regulating the synthesis of specific proteins involved in cardiovascular function. For instance, miRNAs are known to regulate the expression of genes involved in blood vessel tone, cardiac function, and inflammation. The growing body of research on miRNAs in hypertension has highlighted their potential as therapeutic targets for managing this condition. Studies have shown that miRNA-based therapies can modulate the expression of key genes involved in hypertension, leading to improvements in blood pressure and cardiovascular function. However, more research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of miRNA-mediated hypertension and to develop effective therapeutic strategies. Conclusions In summary, this review highlights the current understanding of the role of miRNAs in essential hypertension, including their molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic applications. Further research is needed to fully understand the impact of miRNAs on hypertension and to develop new treatments for this common and debilitating condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Shaheen
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria
| | - Ahmed Shaheen
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria
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Kotlyarov S. Identification of Important Genes Associated with the Development of Atherosclerosis. Curr Gene Ther 2024; 24:29-45. [PMID: 36999180 DOI: 10.2174/1566523223666230330091241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the most important medical problems due to its prevalence and significant contribution to the structure of temporary and permanent disability and mortality. Atherosclerosis is a complex chain of events occurring in the vascular wall over many years. Disorders of lipid metabolism, inflammation, and impaired hemodynamics are important mechanisms of atherogenesis. A growing body of evidence strengthens the understanding of the role of genetic and epigenetic factors in individual predisposition and development of atherosclerosis and its clinical outcomes. In addition, hemodynamic changes, lipid metabolism abnormalities, and inflammation are closely related and have many overlapping links in regulation. A better study of these mechanisms may improve the quality of diagnosis and management of such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University Named After Academician I.P. Pavlov, Russian Federation
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8
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Tamargo IA, Baek KI, Kim Y, Park C, Jo H. Flow-induced reprogramming of endothelial cells in atherosclerosis. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:738-753. [PMID: 37225873 PMCID: PMC10206587 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00883-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic diseases such as myocardial infarction, ischaemic stroke and peripheral artery disease continue to be leading causes of death worldwide despite the success of treatments with cholesterol-lowering drugs and drug-eluting stents, raising the need to identify additional therapeutic targets. Interestingly, atherosclerosis preferentially develops in curved and branching arterial regions, where endothelial cells are exposed to disturbed blood flow with characteristic low-magnitude oscillatory shear stress. By contrast, straight arterial regions exposed to stable flow, which is associated with high-magnitude, unidirectional shear stress, are relatively well protected from the disease through shear-dependent, atheroprotective endothelial cell responses. Flow potently regulates structural, functional, transcriptomic, epigenomic and metabolic changes in endothelial cells through mechanosensors and mechanosignal transduction pathways. A study using single-cell RNA sequencing and chromatin accessibility analysis in a mouse model of flow-induced atherosclerosis demonstrated that disturbed flow reprogrammes arterial endothelial cells in situ from healthy phenotypes to diseased ones characterized by endothelial inflammation, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, endothelial-to-immune cell-like transition and metabolic changes. In this Review, we discuss this emerging concept of disturbed-flow-induced reprogramming of endothelial cells (FIRE) as a potential pro-atherogenic mechanism. Defining the flow-induced mechanisms through which endothelial cells are reprogrammed to promote atherosclerosis is a crucial area of research that could lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets to combat the high prevalence of atherosclerotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian A Tamargo
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kyung In Baek
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yerin Kim
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christian Park
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hanjoong Jo
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Berger AG, Deiss-Yehiely E, Vo C, McCoy MG, Almofty S, Feinberg MW, Hammond PT. Electrostatically assembled wound dressings deliver pro-angiogenic anti-miRs preferentially to endothelial cells. Biomaterials 2023; 300:122188. [PMID: 37329684 PMCID: PMC10424785 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Chronic non-healing wounds occur frequently in individuals affected by diabetes, yet standard-of-care treatment leaves many patients inadequately treated or with recurring wounds. MicroRNA (miR) expression is dysregulated in diabetic wounds and drives an anti-angiogenic phenotype, but miRs can be inhibited with short, chemically-modified RNA oligonucleotides (anti-miRs). Clinical translation of anti-miRs is hindered by delivery challenges such as rapid clearance and uptake by off-target cells, requiring repeated injections, excessively large doses, and bolus dosing mismatched to the dynamics of the wound healing process. To address these limitations, we engineered electrostatically assembled wound dressings that locally release anti-miR-92a, as miR-92a is implicated in angiogenesis and wound repair. In vitro, anti-miR-92a released from these dressings was taken up by cells and inhibited its target. An in vivo cellular biodistribution study in murine diabetic wounds revealed that endothelial cells, which play a critical role in angiogenesis, exhibit higher uptake of anti-miR eluted from coated dressings than other cell types involved in the wound healing process. In a proof-of-concept efficacy study in the same wound model, anti-miR targeting anti-angiogenic miR-92a de-repressed target genes, increased gross wound closure, and induced a sex-dependent increase in vascularization. Overall, this proof-of-concept study demonstrates a facile, translational materials approach for modulating gene expression in ulcer endothelial cells to promote angiogenesis and wound healing. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of probing cellular interactions between the drug delivery system and the target cells to drive therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam G Berger
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elad Deiss-Yehiely
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Chau Vo
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael G McCoy
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Almofty
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mark W Feinberg
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Paula T Hammond
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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10
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Davis MJ, Earley S, Li YS, Chien S. Vascular mechanotransduction. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1247-1421. [PMID: 36603156 PMCID: PMC9942936 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00053.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to survey the current state of mechanotransduction in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs), including their sensing of mechanical stimuli and transduction of mechanical signals that result in the acute functional modulation and longer-term transcriptomic and epigenetic regulation of blood vessels. The mechanosensors discussed include ion channels, plasma membrane-associated structures and receptors, and junction proteins. The mechanosignaling pathways presented include the cytoskeleton, integrins, extracellular matrix, and intracellular signaling molecules. These are followed by discussions on mechanical regulation of transcriptome and epigenetics, relevance of mechanotransduction to health and disease, and interactions between VSMCs and ECs. Throughout this review, we offer suggestions for specific topics that require further understanding. In the closing section on conclusions and perspectives, we summarize what is known and point out the need to treat the vasculature as a system, including not only VSMCs and ECs but also the extracellular matrix and other types of cells such as resident macrophages and pericytes, so that we can fully understand the physiology and pathophysiology of the blood vessel as a whole, thus enhancing the comprehension, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Davis
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Scott Earley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Yi-Shuan Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, California
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Shu Chien
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, California
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
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11
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Effects of shear stress on vascular endothelial functions in atherosclerosis and potential therapeutic approaches. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114198. [PMID: 36916427 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Different blood flow patterns in the arteries can alter the adaptive phenotype of vascular endothelial cells (ECs), thereby affecting the functions of ECs and are directly associated with the occurrence of lesions in the early stages of atherosclerosis (AS). Atherosclerotic plaques are commonly found at curved or bifurcated arteries, where the blood flow pattern is dominated by oscillating shear stress (OSS). OSS can induce ECs to transform into pro-inflammatory phenotypes, increase cellular inflammation, oxidative stress response, mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic abnormalities and endothelial permeability, thereby promoting the progression of AS. On the other hand, the straight artery has a stable laminar shear stress (LSS), which promotes the transformation of ECs into an anti-inflammatory phenotype, improves endothelial cell function, thereby inhibits atherosclerotic progression. ECs have the ability to actively sense, integrate, and convert mechanical stimuli by shear stress into biochemical signals that further induces intracellular changes (such as the opening and closing of ion channels, activation and transcription of signaling pathways). Here we not only outline the relationship between functions of vascular ECs and different forms of fluid shear stress in AS, but also aim to provide new solutions for potential atherosclerotic therapies targeting intracellular mechanical transductions.
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Chabowski DS, Hughes WE, Hockenberry JC, LoGiudice J, Beyer AM, Gutterman DD. Lipid phosphate phosphatase 3 maintains NO-mediated flow-mediated dilatation in human adipose resistance arterioles. J Physiol 2023; 601:469-481. [PMID: 36575638 PMCID: PMC10979460 DOI: 10.1113/jp283923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Microvascular dysfunction predicts adverse cardiovascular events despite absence of large vessel disease. A shift in the mediator of flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) from nitric oxide (NO) to mitochondrial-derived hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) occurs in arterioles from patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The underlying mechanisms governing this shift are not completely defined. Lipid phosphate phosphatase 3 (LPP3) is a transmembrane protein that dephosphorylates lysophosphatidic acid, a bioactive lipid, causing a receptor-mediated increase in reactive oxygen species. A single nucleotide loss-of-function polymorphism in the gene coding for LPP3 (rs17114036) is associated with elevated risk for CAD, independent of traditional risk factors. LPP3 is suppressed by miR-92a, which is elevated in the circulation of patients with CAD. Repression of LPP3 increases vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis in animal models. We investigated the role of LPP3 and miR-92a as a mechanism for microvascular dysfunction in CAD. We hypothesized that modulation of LPP3 is critically involved in the disease-associated shift in mediator of FMD. LPP3 protein expression was reduced in left ventricle tissue from CAD relative to non-CAD patients (P = 0.004), with mRNA expression unchanged (P = 0.96). Reducing LPP3 expression (non-CAD) caused a shift from NO to H2 O2 (% maximal dilatation: Control 78.1 ± 11.4% vs. Peg-Cat 30.0 ± 11.2%; P < 0.0001). miR-92a is elevated in CAD arterioles (fold change: 1.9 ± 0.01 P = 0.04), while inhibition of miR-92a restored NO-mediated FMD (CAD), and enhancing miR-92a expression (non-CAD) elicited H2 O2 -mediated dilatation (P < 0.0001). Our data suggests LPP3 is crucial in the disease-associated switch in the mediator of FMD. KEY POINTS: Lipid phosphate phosphatase 3 (LPP3) expression is reduced in heart tissue patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Loss of LPP3 in CAD is associated with an increase in the LPP3 inhibitor, miR-92a. Inhibition of LPP3 in the microvasculature of healthy patients mimics the CAD flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) phenotype. Inhibition of miR-92a restores nitric oxide-mediated FMD in the microvasculature of CAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid S Chabowski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - William E Hughes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Joseph C Hockenberry
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - John LoGiudice
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Andreas M Beyer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - David D Gutterman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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13
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Samak M, Kues A, Kaltenborn D, Klösener L, Mietsch M, Germena G, Hinkel R. Dysregulation of Krüppel-like Factor 2 and Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2D Drive Cardiac Microvascular Inflammation and Dysfunction in Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2482. [PMID: 36768805 PMCID: PMC9916909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications are the main cause of morbidity and mortality from diabetes. Herein, vascular inflammation is a major pathological manifestation. We previously characterized the cardiac microvascular inflammatory phenotype in diabetic patients and highlighted micro-RNA 92a (miR-92a) as a driver of endothelial dysfunction. In this article, we further dissect the molecular underlying of these findings by addressing anti-inflammatory Krüppel-like factors 2 and 4 (KLF2 and KLF4). We show that KLF2 dysregulation in diabetes correlates with greater monocyte adhesion as well as migratory defects in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells. We also describe, for the first time, a role for myocyte enhancer factor 2D (MEF2D) in cardiac microvascular dysfunction in diabetes. We show that both KLFs 2 and 4, as well as MEF2D, are dysregulated in human and porcine models of diabetes. Furthermore, we prove a direct interaction between miR-92a and all three targets. Altogether, our data strongly qualify miR-92a as a potential therapeutic target for diabetes-associated cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Samak
- Laboratory Animal Science Unit, Leibniz-Institut für Primatenforschung, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Kues
- Laboratory Animal Science Unit, Leibniz-Institut für Primatenforschung, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Diana Kaltenborn
- Laboratory Animal Science Unit, Leibniz-Institut für Primatenforschung, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lina Klösener
- Laboratory Animal Science Unit, Leibniz-Institut für Primatenforschung, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Mietsch
- Laboratory Animal Science Unit, Leibniz-Institut für Primatenforschung, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Giulia Germena
- Laboratory Animal Science Unit, Leibniz-Institut für Primatenforschung, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rabea Hinkel
- Laboratory Animal Science Unit, Leibniz-Institut für Primatenforschung, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine, 30173 Hannover, Germany
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14
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Oxidative Stress Modulation by ncRNAs and Their Emerging Role as Therapeutic Targets in Atherosclerosis and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020262. [PMID: 36829822 PMCID: PMC9952114 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are pathologies related to ectopic fat accumulation, both of which are continuously increasing in prevalence. These threats are prompting researchers to develop effective therapies for their clinical management. One of the common pathophysiological alterations that underlies both diseases is oxidative stress (OxS), which appears as a result of lipid deposition in affected tissues. However, the molecular mechanisms that lead to OxS generation are different in each disease. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNA transcripts that do not encode proteins and function by regulating gene expression. In recent years, the involvement of ncRNAs in OxS modulation has become more recognized. This review summarizes the most recent advances regarding ncRNA-mediated regulation of OxS in atherosclerosis and NAFLD. In both diseases, ncRNAs can exert pro-oxidant or antioxidant functions by regulating gene targets and even other ncRNAs, positioning them as potential therapeutic targets. Interestingly, both diseases have common altered ncRNAs, suggesting that the same molecule can be targeted simultaneously when both diseases coexist. Finally, since some ncRNAs have already been used as therapeutic agents, their roles as potential drugs for the clinical management of atherosclerosis and NAFLD are analyzed.
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15
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Moonen JR, Chappell J, Shi M, Shinohara T, Li D, Mumbach MR, Zhang F, Nair RV, Nasser J, Mai DH, Taylor S, Wang L, Metzger RJ, Chang HY, Engreitz JM, Snyder MP, Rabinovitch M. KLF4 recruits SWI/SNF to increase chromatin accessibility and reprogram the endothelial enhancer landscape under laminar shear stress. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4941. [PMID: 35999210 PMCID: PMC9399231 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32566-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiologic laminar shear stress (LSS) induces an endothelial gene expression profile that is vasculo-protective. In this report, we delineate how LSS mediates changes in the epigenetic landscape to promote this beneficial response. We show that under LSS, KLF4 interacts with the SWI/SNF nucleosome remodeling complex to increase accessibility at enhancer sites that promote the expression of homeostatic endothelial genes. By combining molecular and computational approaches we discover enhancers that loop to promoters of KLF4- and LSS-responsive genes that stabilize endothelial cells and suppress inflammation, such as BMPR2, SMAD5, and DUSP5. By linking enhancers to genes that they regulate under physiologic LSS, our work establishes a foundation for interpreting how non-coding DNA variants in these regions might disrupt protective gene expression to influence vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Renier Moonen
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- BASE Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children's Heart Center, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - James Chappell
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Minyi Shi
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Tsutomu Shinohara
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- BASE Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children's Heart Center, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Dan Li
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Maxwell R Mumbach
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ramesh V Nair
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Joseph Nasser
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Daniel H Mai
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Shalina Taylor
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Lingli Wang
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- BASE Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children's Heart Center, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ross J Metzger
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Howard Y Chang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jesse M Engreitz
- BASE Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children's Heart Center, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Michael P Snyder
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Marlene Rabinovitch
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- BASE Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children's Heart Center, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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16
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Zheng Q, Zou Y, Teng P, Chen Z, Wu Y, Dai X, Li X, Hu Z, Wu S, Xu Y, Zou W, Song H, Ma L. Mechanosensitive Channel PIEZO1 Senses Shear Force to Induce KLF2/4 Expression via CaMKII/MEKK3/ERK5 Axis in Endothelial Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142191. [PMID: 35883633 PMCID: PMC9317998 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Shear stress exerted by the blood stream modulates endothelial functions through altering gene expression. KLF2 and KLF4, the mechanosensitive transcription factors, are promoted by laminar flow to maintain endothelial homeostasis. However, how the expression of KLF2/4 is regulated by shear stress is poorly understood. Here, we showed that the activation of PIEZO1 upregulates the expression of KLF2/4 in endothelial cells. Mice with endothelial-specific deletion of Piezo1 exhibit reduced KLF2/4 expression in thoracic aorta and pulmonary vascular endothelial cells. Mechanistically, shear stress activates PIEZO1, which results in a calcium influx and subsequently activation of CaMKII. CaMKII interacts with and activates MEKK3 to promote MEKK3/MEK5/ERK5 signaling and ultimately induce the transcription of KLF2/4. Our data provide the molecular insight into how endothelial cells sense and convert mechanical stimuli into a biological response to promote KLF2/4 expression for the maintenance of endothelial function and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Q.Z.); (P.T.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (S.W.)
| | - Yonggang Zou
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (Z.H.); (Y.X.)
| | - Peng Teng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Q.Z.); (P.T.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (S.W.)
| | - Zhenghua Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Q.Z.); (P.T.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (S.W.)
| | - Yuefeng Wu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (Z.H.); (Y.X.)
| | - Xiaoyi Dai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Q.Z.); (P.T.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (S.W.)
| | - Xiya Li
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (Z.H.); (Y.X.)
| | - Zonghao Hu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (Z.H.); (Y.X.)
| | - Shengjun Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Q.Z.); (P.T.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (S.W.)
| | - Yanhua Xu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (Z.H.); (Y.X.)
| | - Weiguo Zou
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (H.S.); (L.M.)
| | - Hai Song
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (Z.H.); (Y.X.)
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (H.S.); (L.M.)
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Q.Z.); (P.T.); (Z.C.); (X.D.); (S.W.)
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (H.S.); (L.M.)
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Liu JT, Yao QP, Chen Y, Lv F, Liu Z, Bao H, Han Y, Zhang ML, Jiang ZL, Qi YX. Arterial cyclic stretch regulates Lamtor1 and promotes neointimal hyperplasia via circSlc8a1/miR-20a-5p axis in vein grafts. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:4851-4865. [PMID: 35836818 PMCID: PMC9274756 DOI: 10.7150/thno.69551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Neointimal hyperplasia caused by dedifferentiation and proliferation of venous smooth muscle cells (SMCs) is the major challenge for restenosis after coronary artery bypass graft. Herein, we investigated the role of Lamtor1 in neointimal formation and the regulatory mechanism of non-coding RNA underlying this process. Methods: Using a "cuff" model, veins were grafted into arterial system and Lamtor1 expression which was correlated with the activation of mTORC1 signaling and dedifferentiation of SMCs, were measured by Western blot. Whole transcriptome deep sequencing (RNA-seq) of the grafted veins combined with bioinformatic analysis identified highly conserved circSlc8a1 and its interaction with miR-20a-5p, which may target Lamtor1. CircSlc8a1 was biochemically characterized by Sanger sequencing and resistant to RNase R digestion. The cytoplasmic location of circSlc8a1 was shown by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). RNA pull-down, luciferase assays and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) with Ago2 assays were used to identify the interaction circSlc8a1 with miR-20a-5p. Furthermore, arterial mechanical stretch (10% elongation) was applied in vitro. Results:In vivo, Lamtor1 was significantly enhanced in grafted vein and activated mTORC1 signaling to promote dedifferentiation of SMCs. Arterial mechanical stretch (10% elongation) induced circSlc8a1 expression and positively regulated Lamtor1, activated mTORC1 and promoted SMC dedifferentiation and proliferation. Local injection of circSlc8a1 siRNA or SMC-specific Lamtor1 knockout mice prevented neointimal hyperplasia in vein grafts in vivo. Conclusions: Our study reveals a novel mechanobiological mechanism underlying the dedifferentiation and proliferation of venous SMCs in neointimal hyperplasia. CircSlc81/miR-20a-5p/Lamtor1 axis induced by arterial cyclic stretch may be a potential clinical target that attenuates neointimal hyperplasia in grafted vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Ting Liu
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Ping Yao
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Lv
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ze Liu
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Bao
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Han
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-Liang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Dr. Ying-Xin Qi, Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, Shanghai 200240, China. Tel.: +86-21-34204863, Fax: +86-21-34204118, E-mail: ; Dr. Zong-Lai Jiang, Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, Shanghai 200240, China. Tel.: +86-21-34204863, Fax: +86-21-34204118, E-mail: ; Dr. Ming-Liang Zhang, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai 200233 China. Tel.: +86-21-24058337, Fax: +86-21-24058337, E-mail:
| | - Zong-Lai Jiang
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Dr. Ying-Xin Qi, Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, Shanghai 200240, China. Tel.: +86-21-34204863, Fax: +86-21-34204118, E-mail: ; Dr. Zong-Lai Jiang, Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, Shanghai 200240, China. Tel.: +86-21-34204863, Fax: +86-21-34204118, E-mail: ; Dr. Ming-Liang Zhang, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai 200233 China. Tel.: +86-21-24058337, Fax: +86-21-24058337, E-mail:
| | - Ying-Xin Qi
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Dr. Ying-Xin Qi, Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, Shanghai 200240, China. Tel.: +86-21-34204863, Fax: +86-21-34204118, E-mail: ; Dr. Zong-Lai Jiang, Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, Shanghai 200240, China. Tel.: +86-21-34204863, Fax: +86-21-34204118, E-mail: ; Dr. Ming-Liang Zhang, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai 200233 China. Tel.: +86-21-24058337, Fax: +86-21-24058337, E-mail:
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Jia YZ, Liu J, Wang GQ, Song ZF. miR-484: A Potential Biomarker in Health and Disease. Front Oncol 2022; 12:830420. [PMID: 35356223 PMCID: PMC8959652 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.830420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Disorders of miR-484 expression are observed in cancer, different diseases or pathological states. There is accumulating evidence that miR-484 plays an essential role in the development as well as the regression of different diseases, and miR-484 has been reported as a key regulator of common cancer and non-cancer diseases. The miR-484 targets that have effects on inflammation, apoptosis and mitochondrial function include SMAD7, Fis1, YAP1 and BCL2L13. For cancer, identified targets include VEGFB, VEGFR2, MAP2, MMP14, HNF1A, TUSC5 and KLF12. The effects of miR-484 on these targets have been documented separately. Moreover, miR-484 is typically described as an oncosuppressor, but this claim is simplistic and one-sided. This review will combine relevant basic and clinical studies to find that miR-484 promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis in liver, prostate and lung tissues. It will provide a basis for the possible mechanisms of miR-484 in early tumor diagnosis, prognosis determination, disease assessment, and as a potential therapeutic target for tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Zhao Jia
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Geng-Qiao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zi-Fang Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Jebari-Benslaiman S, Galicia-García U, Larrea-Sebal A, Olaetxea JR, Alloza I, Vandenbroeck K, Benito-Vicente A, Martín C. Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063346. [PMID: 35328769 PMCID: PMC8954705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 122.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the main risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Atherosclerosis is initiated by endothelium activation and, followed by a cascade of events (accumulation of lipids, fibrous elements, and calcification), triggers the vessel narrowing and activation of inflammatory pathways. The resultant atheroma plaque, along with these processes, results in cardiovascular complications. This review focuses on the different stages of atherosclerosis development, ranging from endothelial dysfunction to plaque rupture. In addition, the post-transcriptional regulation and modulation of atheroma plaque by microRNAs and lncRNAs, the role of microbiota, and the importance of sex as a crucial risk factor in atherosclerosis are covered here in order to provide a global view of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifa Jebari-Benslaiman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; (S.J.-B.); (I.A.); (K.V.)
- Biofisika Institute (UPV/EHU, CSIC), Barrio Sarriena s/n., 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; (U.G.-G.); (A.L.-S.)
| | - Unai Galicia-García
- Biofisika Institute (UPV/EHU, CSIC), Barrio Sarriena s/n., 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; (U.G.-G.); (A.L.-S.)
- Fundación Biofisika Bizkaia, Barrio Sarriena s/n., 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Asier Larrea-Sebal
- Biofisika Institute (UPV/EHU, CSIC), Barrio Sarriena s/n., 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; (U.G.-G.); (A.L.-S.)
- Fundación Biofisika Bizkaia, Barrio Sarriena s/n., 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | - Iraide Alloza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; (S.J.-B.); (I.A.); (K.V.)
- Inflammation & Biomarkers Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Koen Vandenbroeck
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; (S.J.-B.); (I.A.); (K.V.)
- Inflammation & Biomarkers Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Asier Benito-Vicente
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; (S.J.-B.); (I.A.); (K.V.)
- Biofisika Institute (UPV/EHU, CSIC), Barrio Sarriena s/n., 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; (U.G.-G.); (A.L.-S.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.-V.); (C.M.); Tel.: +34-946-01-2741 (C.M.)
| | - César Martín
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; (S.J.-B.); (I.A.); (K.V.)
- Biofisika Institute (UPV/EHU, CSIC), Barrio Sarriena s/n., 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; (U.G.-G.); (A.L.-S.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.-V.); (C.M.); Tel.: +34-946-01-2741 (C.M.)
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20
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Santovito D, Weber C. Non-canonical features of microRNAs: paradigms emerging from cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2022; 19:620-638. [PMID: 35304600 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00680-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Research showing that microRNAs (miRNAs) are versatile regulators of gene expression has instigated tremendous interest in cardiovascular research. The overwhelming majority of studies are predicated on the dogmatic notion that miRNAs regulate the expression of specific target mRNAs by inhibiting mRNA translation or promoting mRNA decay in the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). These efforts mostly identified and dissected contributions of multiple regulatory networks of miRNA-target mRNAs to cardiovascular pathogenesis. However, evidence from studies in the past decade indicates that miRNAs also operate beyond this canonical paradigm, featuring non-conventional regulatory functions and cellular localizations that have a pathophysiological role in cardiovascular disease. In this Review, we highlight the functional relevance of atypical miRNA biogenesis and localization as well as RISC heterogeneity. Moreover, we delineate remarkable non-canonical examples of miRNA functionality, including direct interactions with proteins beyond the Argonaute family and their role in transcriptional regulation in the nucleus and in mitochondria. We scrutinize the relevance of non-conventional biogenesis and non-canonical functions of miRNAs in cardiovascular homeostasis and pathology, and contextualize how uncovering these non-conventional properties can expand the scope of translational research in the cardiovascular field and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Santovito
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany. .,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany. .,Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), Unit of Milan, National Research Council, Milan, Italy.
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany. .,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany. .,Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands. .,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
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21
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Yang J, Hao J, Lin Y, Guo Y, Liao K, Yang M, Cheng H, Yang M, Chen K. Profile and Functional Prediction of Plasma Exosome-Derived CircRNAs From Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients. Front Genet 2022; 13:810974. [PMID: 35360855 PMCID: PMC8963851 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.810974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the major causes of death and long-term disability, of which acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is the most common type. Although circular RNA (circRNA) expression profiles of AIS patients have been reported to be significantly altered in blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cells, the role of exosome-containing circRNAs after AIS is still unknown. Plasma exosomes from 10 AIS patients and 10 controls were isolated, and through microarray and bioinformatics analysis, the profile and putative function of circRNAs in the plasma exosomes were studied. A total of 198 circRNAs were differentially quantified (|log2 fold change| ≥ 1.00, p < 0.05) between AIS patients and controls. The levels of 12 candidate circRNAs were verified by qRT-PCR, and the quantities of 10 of these circRNAs were consistent with the data of microarray. The functions of host genes of differentially quantified circRNAs, including RNA and protein process, focal adhesion, and leukocyte transendothelial migration, were associated with the development of AIS. As a miRNA sponge, differentially quantified circRNAs had the potential to regulate pathways related to AIS, like PI3K-Akt, AMPK, and chemokine pathways. Of 198 differentially quantified circRNAs, 96 circRNAs possessing a strong translational ability could affect cellular structure and activity, like focal adhesion, tight junction, and endocytosis. Most differentially quantified circRNAs were predicted to bind to EIF4A3 and AGO2—two RNA-binding proteins (RBPs)—and to play a role in AIS. Moreover, four of ten circRNAs with verified levels by qRT-PCR (hsa_circ_0112036, hsa_circ_0066867, hsa_circ_0093708, and hsa_circ_0041685) were predicted to participate in processes of AIS, including PI3K-Akt, AMPK, and chemokine pathways as well as endocytosis, and to be potentially useful as diagnostic biomarkers for AIS. In conclusion, plasma exosome-derived circRNAs were significantly differentially quantified between AIS patients and controls and participated in the occurrence and progression of AIS by sponging miRNA/RBPs or translating into proteins, indicating that circRNAs from plasma exosomes could be crucial molecules in the pathogenesis of AIS and promising candidates as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Medical College, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Junli Hao
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yapeng Lin
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Medical College, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yijia Guo
- International Clinical Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Liao
- International Clinical Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Medical College, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Medical College, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Medical College, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Kejie Chen
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Kejie Chen,
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22
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Chung J, Kim KH, Yu N, An SH, Lee S, Kwon K. Fluid Shear Stress Regulates the Landscape of microRNAs in Endothelial Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles and Modulates the Function of Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031314. [PMID: 35163238 PMCID: PMC8836123 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood fluid shear stress (FSS) modulates endothelial function and vascular pathophysiology. The small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) such as exosomes are potent mediators of intercellular communication, and their contents reflect cellular stress. Here, we explored the miRNA profiles in endothelial cells (EC)-derived sEVs (EC-sEVs) under atheroprotective laminar shear stress (LSS) and atheroprone low-oscillatory shear stress (OSS) and conducted a network analysis to identify the main biological processes modulated by sEVs’ miRNAs. The EC-sEVs were collected from culture media of human umbilical vein endothelial cells exposed to atheroprotective LSS (20 dyne/cm2) and atheroprone OSS (±5 dyne/cm2). We explored the miRNA profiles in FSS-induced EC-sEVs (LSS-sEVs and OSS-sEVs) and conducted a network analysis to identify the main biological processes modulated by sEVs’ miRNAs. In vivo studies were performed in a mouse model of partial carotid ligation. The sEVs’ miRNAs-targeted genes were enriched for endothelial activation such as angiogenesis, cell migration, and vascular inflammation. OSS-sEVs promoted tube formation, cell migration, monocyte adhesion, and apoptosis, and upregulated the expression of proteins that stimulate these biological processes. FSS-induced EC-sEVs had the same effects on endothelial mechanotransduction signaling as direct stimulation by FSS. In vivo studies showed that LSS-sEVs reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, whereas OSS-sEVs had the opposite effect. Understanding the landscape of EC-exosomal miRNAs regulated by differential FSS patterns, this research establishes their biological functions on a system level and provides a platform for modulating the overall phenotypic effects of sEVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihwa Chung
- Exollence Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Seoul 07985, Korea; (J.C.); (K.H.K.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Kyoung Hwa Kim
- Exollence Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Seoul 07985, Korea; (J.C.); (K.H.K.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Namhee Yu
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyangsi 10408, Korea;
| | - Shung Hyun An
- Exollence Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Seoul 07985, Korea; (J.C.); (K.H.K.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Sanghyuk Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea;
| | - Kihwan Kwon
- Exollence Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Seoul 07985, Korea; (J.C.); (K.H.K.); (S.H.A.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2650-2640
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23
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De Rosa S, Iaconetti C, Eyileten C, Yasuda M, Albanese M, Polimeni A, Sabatino J, Sorrentino S, Postula M, Indolfi C. Flow-Responsive Noncoding RNAs in the Vascular System: Basic Mechanisms for the Clinician. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11020459. [PMID: 35054151 PMCID: PMC8777617 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11020459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular system is largely exposed to the effect of changing flow conditions. Vascular cells can sense flow and its changes. Flow sensing is of pivotal importance for vascular remodeling. In fact, it influences the development and progression of atherosclerosis, controls its location and has a major influx on the development of local complications. Despite its importance, the research community has traditionally paid scarce attention to studying the association between different flow conditions and vascular biology. More recently, a growing body of evidence has been accumulating, revealing that ncRNAs play a key role in the modulation of several biological processes linking flow-sensing to vascular pathophysiology. This review summarizes the most relevant evidence on ncRNAs that are directly or indirectly responsive to flow conditions to the benefit of the clinician, with a focus on the underpinning mechanisms and their potential application as disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore De Rosa
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.I.); (M.Y.); (M.A.); (A.P.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (S.D.R.); (C.I.)
| | - Claudio Iaconetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.I.); (M.Y.); (M.A.); (A.P.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Ceren Eyileten
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (C.E.); (M.P.)
| | - Masakazu Yasuda
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.I.); (M.Y.); (M.A.); (A.P.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Michele Albanese
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.I.); (M.Y.); (M.A.); (A.P.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Alberto Polimeni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.I.); (M.Y.); (M.A.); (A.P.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Jolanda Sabatino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.I.); (M.Y.); (M.A.); (A.P.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Sabato Sorrentino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.I.); (M.Y.); (M.A.); (A.P.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Marek Postula
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (C.E.); (M.P.)
| | - Ciro Indolfi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.I.); (M.Y.); (M.A.); (A.P.); (J.S.); (S.S.)
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.D.R.); (C.I.)
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24
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Wang C, Wu H, Xing Y, Ye Y, He F, Yin Q, Li Y, Shang F, Shyy JYJ, Yuan ZY. Endothelial-derived extracellular microRNA-92a promotes arterial stiffness by regulating phenotype changes of vascular smooth muscle cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:344. [PMID: 35013491 PMCID: PMC8748448 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04341-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) plasticity are critically involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension and arterial stiffness. MicroRNAs can mediate the cellular communication between vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and neighboring cells. Here, we investigated the role of endothelial-derived extracellular microRNA-92a (miR-92a) in promoting arterial stiffness by regulating EC-VSMC communication. Serum miR-92a level was higher in hypertensive patients than controls. Circulating miR-92a level was positively correlated with pulse wave velocity (PWV), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and serum endothelin-1 (ET-1) level, but inversely with serum nitric oxide (NO) level. In vitro, angiotensin II (Ang II)-increased miR-92a level in ECs mediated a contractile-to-synthetic phenotype change of co-cultured VSMCs. In Ang II-infused mice, locked nucleic acid-modified antisense miR-92a (LNA-miR-92a) ameliorated PWV, SBP, DBP, and impaired vasodilation induced by Ang II. LNA-miR-92a administration also reversed the increased levels of proliferative genes and decreased levels of contractile genes induced by Ang II in mouse aortas. Circulating serum miR-92a level and PWV were correlated in these mice. These findings indicate that EC miR-92a may be transported to VSMCs via extracellular vesicles to regulate phenotype changes of VSMCs, leading to arterial stiffness.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Animals
- Arterial Pressure
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Communication
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Coculture Techniques
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Exosomes/genetics
- Exosomes/metabolism
- Exosomes/pathology
- Female
- Humans
- Hypertension/genetics
- Hypertension/metabolism
- Hypertension/pathology
- Hypertension/physiopathology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Phenotype
- Prospective Studies
- Vascular Stiffness
- Vasodilation
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Haoyu Wu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanming Xing
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yulan Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an GaoXin Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Fangzhou He
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Qian Yin
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujin Li
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwestern University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fenqing Shang
- Translational Medicine Centre, Xi'an Chest Hospital, Xi'an, China.
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Zu-Yi Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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25
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Abstract
Regulatory RNAs like microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) control vascular and immune cells' phenotype and thus play a crucial role in atherosclerosis. Moreover, the mutual interactions between miRNAs and lncRNAs link both types of regulatory RNAs in a functional network that affects lesion formation. In this review, we deduce novel concepts of atherosclerosis from the analysis of the current data on regulatory RNAs' role in endothelial cells (ECs) and macrophages. In contrast to arterial ECs, which adopt a stable phenotype by adaptation to high shear stress, macrophages are highly plastic and quickly change their activation status. At predilection sites of atherosclerosis, such as arterial bifurcations, ECs are exposed to disturbed laminar flow, which generates a dysadaptive stress response mediated by miRNAs. Whereas the highly abundant miR-126-5p promotes regenerative proliferation of dysadapted ECs, miR-103-3p stimulates inflammatory activation and impairs endothelial regeneration by aberrant proliferation and micronuclei formation. In macrophages, miRNAs are essential in regulating energy and lipid metabolism, which affects inflammatory activation and foam cell formation.Moreover, lipopolysaccharide-induced miR-155 and miR-146 shape inflammatory macrophage activation through their oppositional effects on NF-kB. Most lncRNAs are not conserved between species, except a small group of very long lncRNAs, such as MALAT1, which blocks numerous miRNAs by providing non-functional binding sites. In summary, regulatory RNAs' roles are highly context-dependent, and therapeutic approaches that target specific functional interactions of miRNAs appear promising against cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schober
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
| | - Saffiyeh Saboor Maleki
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Maliheh Nazari-Jahantigh
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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26
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Zhou Z, Yeh CF, Mellas M, Oh MJ, Zhu J, Li J, Huang RT, Harrison DL, Shentu TP, Wu D, Lueckheide M, Carver L, Chung EJ, Leon L, Yang KC, Tirrell MV, Fang Y. Targeted polyelectrolyte complex micelles treat vascular complications in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2114842118. [PMID: 34880134 PMCID: PMC8685925 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2114842118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and globally. Pathological vascular remodeling, such as atherosclerosis and stenosis, largely develop at arterial sites of curvature, branching, and bifurcation, where disturbed blood flow activates vascular endothelium. Current pharmacological treatments of vascular complications principally target systemic risk factors. Improvements are needed. We previously devised a targeted polyelectrolyte complex micelle to deliver therapeutic nucleotides to inflamed endothelium in vitro by displaying the peptide VHPKQHR targeting vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) on the periphery of the micelle. This paper explores whether this targeted nanomedicine strategy effectively treats vascular complications in vivo. Disturbed flow-induced microRNA-92a (miR-92a) has been linked to endothelial dysfunction. We have engineered a transgenic line (miR-92aEC-TG /Apoe-/- ) establishing that selective miR-92a overexpression in adult vascular endothelium causally promotes atherosclerosis in Apoe-/- mice. We tested the therapeutic effectiveness of the VCAM-1-targeting polyelectrolyte complex micelles to deliver miR-92a inhibitors and treat pathological vascular remodeling in vivo. VCAM-1-targeting micelles preferentially delivered miRNA inhibitors to inflamed endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo. The therapeutic effectiveness of anti-miR-92a therapy in treating atherosclerosis and stenosis in Apoe-/- mice is markedly enhanced by the VCAM-1-targeting polyelectrolyte complex micelles. These results demonstrate a proof of concept to devise polyelectrolyte complex micelle-based targeted nanomedicine approaches treating vascular complications in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Zhou
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- Biological Sciences Division, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Chih-Fan Yeh
- Biological Sciences Division, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Michael Mellas
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Myung-Jin Oh
- Biological Sciences Division, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Jiayu Zhu
- Biological Sciences Division, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Jin Li
- Biological Sciences Division, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Ru-Ting Huang
- Biological Sciences Division, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Devin L Harrison
- Biological Sciences Division, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- Graduate Program in Biophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Tzu-Pin Shentu
- Biological Sciences Division, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - David Wu
- Biological Sciences Division, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Michael Lueckheide
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Lauryn Carver
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- Biological Sciences Division, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Eun Ji Chung
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Lorraine Leon
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Kai-Chien Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Matthew V Tirrell
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637;
- Graduate Program in Biophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439
| | - Yun Fang
- Biological Sciences Division, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637;
- Graduate Program in Biophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
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27
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Yang CY, Chang PY, Wu BS, Tarng DC, Lee OKS. Mechanical and chemical cues synergistically promote human venous smooth muscle cell osteogenesis through integrin β1-ERK1/2 signaling: A cell model of hemodialysis fistula calcification. FASEB J 2021; 35:e22042. [PMID: 34758125 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101064rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the vascular access of choice for renal replacement therapy. However, AVF is susceptible to calcification with a high prevalence of 40%-65% in chronic hemodialysis patients. Repeated needle puncture for hemodialysis cannulation results in intimal denudation of AVF. We hypothesized that exposure to blood shear stress in the medial layer promotes venous smooth muscle cell (SMC) osteogenesis. While previous studies of shear stress focused on arterial-type SMCs, SMCs isolated from the vein had not been investigated. This study established a venous cell model of AVF using the fluid shear device, combined with a high phosphate medium to mimic the uremic milieu. Osteogenic gene expression of venous SMCs upon mechanical and chemical cues was analyzed in addition to the activated cell signaling pathways. Our findings indicated that upon shear stress and high phosphate environment, mechanical stimulation (shear stress) had an additive effect in up-regulation of an early osteogenic marker, Runx2. We further identified that the integrin β1-ERK1/2 signaling pathway was responsible for the molecular basis of venous SMC osteogenesis upon shear stress exposure. Mitochondrial biogenesis also took part in the early stage of this venopathy pathogenesis, evident by the up-regulated mitochondrial transcription factor A and mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ in venous SMCs. In conclusion, synergistic effects of fluid shear stress and high phosphate induce venous SMC osteogenesis via the ERK1/2 pathway through activating the mechanosensing integrin β1 signaling. The present study identified a promising druggable target for reducing AVF calcification, which deserves further in vivo investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yu Yang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices (IDS2B), Ministry of Education, Taipei, Taiwan.,Stem Cell Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pu-Yuan Chang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Sheng Wu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Der-Cherng Tarng
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices (IDS2B), Ministry of Education, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Oscar Kuang-Sheng Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Stem Cell Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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28
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Ambari AM, Lilihata G, Zuhri E, Ekawati E, Wijaya SA, Dwiputra B, Sukmawan R, Radi B, Haryana SM, Adiarto S, Hanafy DA, Zamroni D, Elen E, Mangkuanom AS, Santoso A. External Counterpulsation Improves Angiogenesis by Preserving Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 but Not Regulating MicroRNA-92a Expression in Patients With Refractory Angina. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:761112. [PMID: 34760951 PMCID: PMC8573065 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.761112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: External counterpulsation (ECP) provides long-term benefits of improved anginal frequency and exercise tolerance in patients with refractory angina (RA). This is postulated as a result of improved angiogenesis and endothelial function through an increase in shear stress. Angiogenesis is mainly represented by vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and its receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). The microRNA-92a (miR-92a) is a flow-sensitive miRNA that regulates atherosclerosis and angiogenesis in response to shear stress. Thus, ECP beneficial effect might be achieved through interaction between VEGF-A, VEGFR-2, and miR-92a. This study aims to evaluate the ECP effect on VEGF-A, VEGFR-2, and miR-92a in patients with RA in a sham-controlled manner. Methods: This was a randomized sham-controlled trial, enrolling 50 patients with RA who have coronary artery disease (CAD). Participants were randomized (1:1 ratio) to 35 sessions of either ECP (n = 25) or sham (n = 25), each session lasting for 1 h. Plasma levels of VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 were assayed by the ELISA technique. The quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to measure miR-92a circulating levels in plasma. Result: External counterpulsation significantly preserved VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 level compared to sham [ΔVEGF-A: 1 (-139 to 160) vs.-136 (-237 to 67) pg/ml, p = 0.026; ΔVEGFR-2: -171(-844 to +1,166) vs. -517(-1,549 to +1,407) pg/ml, p = 0.021, respectively]. Circulating miR-92a increased significantly in ECP [5.1 (4.2-6.4) to 5.9 (4.8-6.4), p < 0.001] and sham [5.2 (4.1-9.4) to 5.6 (4.8-6.3), p = 0.008] post-intervention. The fold changes tended to be higher in ECP group, although was not statistically different from sham [fold changes ECP = 4.6 (0.3-36.5) vs. sham 2.8 (0-15), p = 0.33)]. Conclusion: External counterpulsation improved angiogenesis by preserving VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 levels. Both ECP and sham increased miR-92a significantly, yet the changes were not different between the two groups. (Study registered on www.clinicaltrials.gov, no: NCT03991871, August 8, 2019, and received a grant from the National Health Research and Development of Ministry of Health of Indonesia, No: HK.02.02/I/27/2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ade Meidian Ambari
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Gracia Lilihata
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ervan Zuhri
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Elok Ekawati
- Division of Cardiovascular Research and Development, National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Shoma Adhi Wijaya
- Division of Cardiovascular Research and Development, National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Bambang Dwiputra
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Renan Sukmawan
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Basuni Radi
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sofia Mubarika Haryana
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Suko Adiarto
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dicky A. Hanafy
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dian Zamroni
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Elen Elen
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Arwin S. Mangkuanom
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Anwar Santoso
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia
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29
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Chen ZB, Liu X, Chen AT. "Enhancing" mechanosensing: Enhancers and enhancer-derived long non-coding RNAs in endothelial response to flow. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2021; 87:153-169. [PMID: 34696884 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs), uniquely localized and strategically forming the inner lining of vascular wall, constitute the largest cell surface by area in the human body. The dynamic sensing and response of ECs to mechanical cues, especially shear stress, is crucial for maintenance of vascular homeostasis. It is well recognized that different flow patterns associated with atheroprotective vs atheroprone regions in the arterial tree, result in distinct EC functional phenotypes with differential transcriptome profiles. Mounting evidence has demonstrated an integrative and essential regulatory role of non-coding genome in EC biology. In particular, recent studies have begun to reveal the importance of enhancers and enhancer-derived transcripts in flow-regulated EC gene expression and function. In this minireview, we summarize studies in this area and discuss examples in support of the emerging importance of enhancers and enhancer(-derived) long non-coding RNAs (elncRNAs) in EC mechanosensing, with a focus on flow-responsive EC transcription. Finally, we will provide perspective and discuss standing questions to elucidate the role of these novel regulators in EC mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Bouman Chen
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Duarte, CA, United States; Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Duarte, CA, United States.
| | - Xuejing Liu
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Aleysha T Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
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30
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Xu S, Ilyas I, Little PJ, Li H, Kamato D, Zheng X, Luo S, Li Z, Liu P, Han J, Harding IC, Ebong EE, Cameron SJ, Stewart AG, Weng J. Endothelial Dysfunction in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases and Beyond: From Mechanism to Pharmacotherapies. Pharmacol Rev 2021; 73:924-967. [PMID: 34088867 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 393] [Impact Index Per Article: 131.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelium, a cellular monolayer lining the blood vessel wall, plays a critical role in maintaining multiorgan health and homeostasis. Endothelial functions in health include dynamic maintenance of vascular tone, angiogenesis, hemostasis, and the provision of an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antithrombotic interface. Dysfunction of the vascular endothelium presents with impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation, heightened oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, leukocyte adhesion and hyperpermeability, and endothelial cell senescence. Recent studies have implicated altered endothelial cell metabolism and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition as new features of endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial dysfunction is regarded as a hallmark of many diverse human panvascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes. Endothelial dysfunction has also been implicated in severe coronavirus disease 2019. Many clinically used pharmacotherapies, ranging from traditional lipid-lowering drugs, antihypertensive drugs, and antidiabetic drugs to proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors and interleukin 1β monoclonal antibodies, counter endothelial dysfunction as part of their clinical benefits. The regulation of endothelial dysfunction by noncoding RNAs has provided novel insights into these newly described regulators of endothelial dysfunction, thus yielding potential new therapeutic approaches. Altogether, a better understanding of the versatile (dys)functions of endothelial cells will not only deepen our comprehension of human diseases but also accelerate effective therapeutic drug discovery. In this review, we provide a timely overview of the multiple layers of endothelial function, describe the consequences and mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction, and identify pathways to effective targeted therapies. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The endothelium was initially considered to be a semipermeable biomechanical barrier and gatekeeper of vascular health. In recent decades, a deepened understanding of the biological functions of the endothelium has led to its recognition as a ubiquitous tissue regulating vascular tone, cell behavior, innate immunity, cell-cell interactions, and cell metabolism in the vessel wall. Endothelial dysfunction is the hallmark of cardiovascular, metabolic, and emerging infectious diseases. Pharmacotherapies targeting endothelial dysfunction have potential for treatment of cardiovascular and many other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suowen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Iqra Ilyas
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Peter J Little
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Danielle Kamato
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Xueying Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Sihui Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Zhuoming Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Jihong Han
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Ian C Harding
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Eno E Ebong
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Scott J Cameron
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Alastair G Stewart
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
| | - Jianping Weng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (S.X., I.I., X.Z., S.L., J.W.); Sunshine Coast Health Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia (P.J.L.); School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia (P.J.L., D.K.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China (H.L.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangzhou, China (Z.L., P.L.); College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China (J.H.); Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (I.C.H., E.E.E.); Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (E.E.E.); Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York (E.E.E.); Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (S.J.C.); and ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (A.G.S.)
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Abstract
Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) form the wall of the hepatic sinusoids. Unlike other capillaries, they lack an organized basement membrane and have cytoplasm that is penetrated by open fenestrae, making the hepatic microvascular endothelium discontinuous. LSECs have essential roles in the maintenance of hepatic homeostasis, including regulation of the vascular tone, inflammation and thrombosis, and they are essential for control of the hepatic immune response. On a background of acute or chronic liver injury, LSECs modify their phenotype and negatively affect neighbouring cells and liver disease pathophysiology. This Review describes the main functions and phenotypic dysregulations of LSECs in liver diseases, specifically in the context of acute injury (ischaemia-reperfusion injury, drug-induced liver injury and bacterial and viral infection), chronic liver disease (metabolism-associated liver disease, alcoholic steatohepatitis and chronic hepatotoxic injury) and hepatocellular carcinoma, and provides a comprehensive update of the role of LSECs as therapeutic targets for liver disease. Finally, we discuss the open questions in the field of LSEC pathobiology and future avenues of research.
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32
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Xiang D, Li Y, Cao Y, Huang Y, Zhou L, Lin X, Qiao Y, Li X, Liao D. Different Effects of Endothelial Extracellular Vesicles and LPS-Induced Endothelial Extracellular Vesicles on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: Role of Curcumin and Its Derivatives. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:649352. [PMID: 34150863 PMCID: PMC8210670 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.649352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: During the progression of atherosclerosis (AS), the vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells are reciprocally regulated by extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs have different effects on pathological and physiological processes due to the different cargoes contained in EVs. Purpose: To study the effects of endothelial cells-derived EVs on normal and inflammatory conditions. To investigate the effects of curcumin and curcumin derivatives (Nicotinic-curcumin) on endothelial EVs. Methods: EVs were isolated from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by ultracentrifugation. To examined the effect of normal and LPS-induced endothelial cells-derived EVs on the proliferation of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs), the CCK-8 assay was performed. Transwell and wound healing assays were conducted to assess cell migration. The effects of EVs on lipid accumulation following treatment with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) were evaluated with the oil red O staining assay and HPLC. The number of EVs was calculated using the nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and BCA. The expression levels of Rab27a and Rab27b that regulate the EVs secretion were measured by Western blotting assay. The differential expression of miRNAs in endothelial EVs and LPS-induced endothelial EVs was analyzed using miRNA-Sequencing (miRNA-Seq) and RT-PCR. Results: Treatment with endothelial EVs reduced the proliferation and migration of HASMCs as well as lipid accumulation in HASMCs. However, treatment with LPS-induced endothelial EVs did not inhibit the migration of HASMCs or lipid accumulation, instead it promoted the proliferation of HASMCs. Treatment with the two types of EVs induced differential expression of several miRNAs, including miR-92a-3p, miR-126-5p, miR-125a-3p, miR-143-3p, etc. Moreover, 1 μg/mL LPS induction greatly increased secretion of endothelial EVs. Treatment with curcumin and nicotinic-curcumin reduced endothelial EVs secretion, possibly by inhibiting inflammation. Conclusion: Endothelial EVs may confer beneficial effects on atherosclerosis by regulating vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMCs), whereas pro-inflammatory factors may disrupt this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yamei Li
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yuling Cao
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiulian Lin
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Qiao
- The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Li
- The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Duanfang Liao
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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33
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Nicoleau S, Fellows A, Wojciak-Stothard B. Role of Krüppel-like factors in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 134:105977. [PMID: 33839307 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.105977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a rare but deadly disease with a complex pathogenesis. Recent evidence demonstrates that Krüppel-like factors, a diverse family of transcription factors, are involved in several key disease processes such as the phenotypic transition of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. Importantly, manipulation of certain Krüppel-like factors enables protection or attenuation against pulmonary arterial hypertension in both animal models and preliminary human studies. In this review, we discuss how Krüppel-like factors, in particular Krüppel-like factors 2, 4 and 5 contribute to the pathological phenomena seen in pulmonary arterial hypertension and how associated signaling and microRNA pathways may be suitable targets for new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salina Nicoleau
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, W12 0NN, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Fellows
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, W12 0NN, London, United Kingdom
| | - Beata Wojciak-Stothard
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, W12 0NN, London, United Kingdom.
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34
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Wang WL, Chen LJ, Wei SY, Shih YT, Huang YH, Lee PL, Lee CI, Wang MC, Lee DY, Chien S, Chiu JJ. Mechanoresponsive Smad5 Enhances MiR-487a Processing to Promote Vascular Endothelial Proliferation in Response to Disturbed Flow. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:647714. [PMID: 33959608 PMCID: PMC8093806 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.647714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) and bone morphogenetic protein receptor-specific Smads are mechano-responsive molecules that play vital roles in modulating endothelial cell (EC) functions in response to blood flow. However, the roles of interplay between these molecules in modulating EC functions under flows remain unclear. We elucidated the regulatory roles of the interplay between miR-487a and Smad5 in EC proliferation in response to different flow patterns. Microarray and quantitative RT-PCR showed that disturbed flow with low and oscillatory shear stress (OS, 0.5 ± 4 dynes/cm2) upregulates EC miR-487a in comparison to static controls and pulsatile shear stress (12 ± 4 dynes/cm2). MiR-487a expression was higher in ECs in the inner curvature (OS region) than the outer curvature of the rat aortic arch and thoracic aorta and also elevated in diseased human coronary arteries. MiR-487a expression was promoted by nuclear phospho-Smad5, which bound to primary-miR-487a to facilitate miR-487a processing. Algorithm prediction and luciferase reporter and argonaute 2-immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that miR-487a binds to 3'UTR of CREB binding protein (CBP) and p53. Knockdown and overexpression of miR-487a decreased and increased, respectively, phospho-Rb and cyclin A expressions through CBP and p53. A BrdU incorporation assay showed that miR-487a enhanced EC proliferation under OS in vitro and in disturbed flow regions of experimentally stenosed rat abdominal aorta in vivo. These results demonstrate that disturbed flow with OS induces EC expression of miR-487a through its enhanced processing by activated-Smad5. MiR-487 inhibits its direct targets CBP and p53 to induce EC cycle progression and proliferation. Our findings suggest that EC miR-487 may serve as an important molecular target for intervention against disturbed flow-associated vascular disorders resulting from atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Li Wang
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jing Chen
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Departments of Bioengineering and Medicine and Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Shu-Yi Wei
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tsung Shih
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Huang
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lin Lee
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chih-I Lee
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Cun Wang
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ding-Yu Lee
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu Chien
- Departments of Bioengineering and Medicine and Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Jeng-Jiann Chiu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.,School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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35
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Peng H, Wang X, Du J, Cui Q, Huang Y, Jin H. Metabolic Reprogramming of Vascular Endothelial Cells: Basic Research and Clinical Applications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:626047. [PMID: 33681205 PMCID: PMC7930387 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.626047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells (VECs) build a barrier separating the blood from the vascular wall. The vascular endothelium is the largest endocrine organ, and is well-known for its crucial role in the regulation of vascular function. The initial response to endothelial cell injury can lead to the activation of VECs. However, excessive activation leads to metabolic pathway disruption, VEC dysfunction, and angiogenesis. The pathways related to VEC metabolic reprogramming recently have been considered as key modulators of VEC function in processes such as angiogenesis, inflammation, and barrier maintenance. In this review, we focus on the changes of VEC metabolism under physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junbao Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Centre for Non-coding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqian Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongfang Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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36
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Bsat S, Halaoui A, Kobeissy F, Moussalem C, El Houshiemy MN, Kawtharani S, Omeis I. Acute ischemic stroke biomarkers: a new era with diagnostic promise? Acute Med Surg 2021; 8:e696. [PMID: 34745637 PMCID: PMC8552525 DOI: 10.1002/ams2.696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is considered as the first cause of neurological dysfunction and second cause of death worldwide. Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator is the only chemical treatment for ischemic stroke approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. It was the only standard of care for a long time with a very narrow therapeutic window, which usually ranges from 3 to 4.5 h of stroke onset; until 2015, when multiple trials demonstrated the benefit of mechanical thrombectomy during the first 6 h. In addition, recent trials showed that mechanical thrombectomy can be beneficial up to 24 h if the patients meet certain criteria including the presence of magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography perfusion mismatch, which allows better selectivity and higher recruitment of eligible stroke patients. However, magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography perfusion is not available in all stroke centers. Hence, physicians need other easy and available diagnostic tools to select stroke patients eligible for mechanical thrombectomy. Moreover, stroke management is still challenging for physicians, particularly those dealing with patients with "wake-up" stroke. The resulting brain tissue damage of ischemic stroke and the subsequent pathological processes are mediated by multiple molecular pathways that are modulated by inflammatory markers and post-transcriptional activity. A considerable number of published works suggest the role of inflammatory and cardiac brain-derived biomarkers (serum matrix metalloproteinase, thioredoxin, neuronal and glial markers, and troponin proteins) as well as different biomarkers including the emerging roles of microRNAs. In this review, we assess the accumulating evidence regarding the current status of acute ischemic stroke diagnostic biomarkers that could guide physicians for better management of stroke patients. Our review could give an insight into the roles of the different emerging markers and microRNAs that can be of high diagnostic value in patients with stroke. In fact, the field of stroke research, similar to the field of traumatic brain injury, is in immense need for novel biomarkers that can stratify diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Bsat
- Division of NeurosurgeryDepartment of SurgeryAmerican University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirutLebanon
| | - Adham Halaoui
- Division of NeurosurgeryDepartment of SurgeryAmerican University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirutLebanon
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular GeneticsFaculty of MedicineAmerican University of BeirutBeirutLebanon
| | - Charbel Moussalem
- Division of NeurosurgeryDepartment of SurgeryAmerican University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirutLebanon
| | | | - Sarah Kawtharani
- Division of NeurosurgeryDepartment of SurgeryAmerican University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirutLebanon
| | - Ibrahim Omeis
- Division of NeurosurgeryDepartment of SurgeryAmerican University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirutLebanon
- Department of NeurosurgeryBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA
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37
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Morris G, Puri BK, Olive L, Carvalho A, Berk M, Walder K, Gustad LT, Maes M. Endothelial dysfunction in neuroprogressive disorders-causes and suggested treatments. BMC Med 2020; 18:305. [PMID: 33070778 PMCID: PMC7570030 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01749-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Potential routes whereby systemic inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction may drive the development of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis, even in an environment of low cholesterol, are examined. MAIN TEXT Key molecular players involved in the regulation of endothelial cell function are described, including PECAM-1, VE-cadherin, VEGFRs, SFK, Rho GEF TRIO, RAC-1, ITAM, SHP-2, MAPK/ERK, STAT-3, NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, eNOS, nitric oxide, miRNAs, KLF-4 and KLF-2. The key roles of platelet activation, xanthene oxidase and myeloperoxidase in the genesis of endothelial cell dysfunction and activation are detailed. The following roles of circulating reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the development of endothelial cell dysfunction are then described: paracrine signalling by circulating hydrogen peroxide, inhibition of eNOS and increased levels of mitochondrial ROS, including compromised mitochondrial dynamics, loss of calcium ion homeostasis and inactivation of SIRT-1-mediated signalling pathways. Next, loss of cellular redox homeostasis is considered, including further aspects of the roles of hydrogen peroxide signalling, the pathological consequences of elevated NF-κB, compromised S-nitrosylation and the development of hypernitrosylation and increased transcription of atherogenic miRNAs. These molecular aspects are then applied to neuroprogressive disorders by considering the following potential generators of endothelial dysfunction and activation in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: NF-κB; platelet activation; atherogenic miRs; myeloperoxidase; xanthene oxidase and uric acid; and inflammation, oxidative stress, nitrosative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Finally, on the basis of the above molecular mechanisms, details are given of potential treatment options for mitigating endothelial cell dysfunction and activation in neuroprogressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - Lisa Olive
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Andre Carvalho
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, the Department of Psychiatry and the Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Ken Walder
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Lise Tuset Gustad
- Department of Circulation and medical imaging, Norwegian University of Technology and Science (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger Hospital, Levanger, Norway
| | - Michael Maes
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, King Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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38
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Peñaloza E, Soto-Carrasco G, Krause BJ. MiR-21-5p directly contributes to regulating eNOS expression in human artery endothelial cells under normoxia and hypoxia. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 182:114288. [PMID: 33075314 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Clinical conditions associated with hypoxia and oxidative stress, such as fetal growth restriction (FGR), results in endothelial dysfunction. Previous reports show that changes in eNOS expression under these conditions are tightly controlled by DNA methylation and histone posttranslational modifications. However, the contribution of an orchestrating epigenetic mechanism, such as miRNAs, on the NO-related genes expression has not been addressed. We aimed to determine the levels of miRNAs highly expressed in normal endothelial cells (EC), miR-21 and miR-126, in FGR human umbilical artery EC (HUAEC), and their effects on hypoxia-dependent regulation of both, NO-related and oxidative stress-related genes. Results were validated by transcriptome analysis of HUAEC cultured under chronic low oxygen conditions. Cultured FGR-HUAEC showed decreased hsa-miR-21, DDAH1, SOD1, and NRF2, but increased miR-126, NOX4, and eNOS levels, compared with controls. MiR-21-5p levels in FGR were associated with increased hg-miR-21 gene promoter methylation, with no changes in hg-miR-126 gene promoter methylation. HUAEC exposed to hypoxia showed a transient increase in eNOS and DDAH11, paralleled by decrease miR-21-5p levels, but no changes in miR-126-3p and the other genes under study. Transcriptome profiling showed an inverse relationship among miR-21 and several transcripts targeted by miR-21 in HUAEC exposed to hypoxia, meanwhile miR-21-5p-mimic decreased eNOS and DDAH1 transcripts stability, blocking their induction by hypoxia. Consequently, FGR programs a hypoxia-related miRNA that contributes to the regulation of the NO pathway, involving a direct effect of miR-21-5p on eNOS transcript stability, not previously reported. Moreover, hypoxia downregulates miR-21-5p, contributing to increasing the expression of NO-related genes in arterial endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefania Peñaloza
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de O'Higgins, Rancagua, Chile
| | | | - Bernardo J Krause
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de O'Higgins, Rancagua, Chile.
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39
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Harnessing Mechanosensation in Next Generation Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101419. [PMID: 33036467 PMCID: PMC7599461 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of the cells to sense mechanical cues is an integral component of ”social” cell behavior inside tissues with a complex architecture. Through ”mechanosensation” cells are in fact able to decrypt motion, geometries and physical information of surrounding cells and extracellular matrices by activating intracellular pathways converging onto gene expression circuitries controlling cell and tissue homeostasis. Additionally, only recently cell mechanosensation has been integrated systematically as a crucial element in tissue pathophysiology. In the present review, we highlight some of the current efforts to assess the relevance of mechanical sensing into pathology modeling and manufacturing criteria for a next generation of cardiovascular tissue implants.
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Karthika CL, Ahalya S, Radhakrishnan N, Kartha CC, Sumi S. Hemodynamics mediated epigenetic regulators in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:125-143. [PMID: 32844345 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03890-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Endothelium of blood vessels is continuously exposed to various hemodynamic forces. Flow-mediated epigenetic plasticity regulates vascular endothelial function. Recent studies have highlighted the significant role of mechanosensing-related epigenetics in localized endothelial dysfunction and the regional susceptibility for lesions in vascular diseases. In this article, we review the epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA de/methylation, histone modifications, as well as non-coding RNAs in promoting endothelial dysfunction in major arterial and venous diseases, consequent to hemodynamic alterations. We also discuss the current challenges and future prospects for the use of mechanoepigenetic mediators as biomarkers of early stages of vascular diseases and dysregulated mechanosensing-related epigenetic regulators as therapeutic targets in various vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Karthika
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India
| | - S Ahalya
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India
| | - N Radhakrishnan
- St.Thomas Institute of Research on Venous Diseases, Changanassery, Kerala, India
| | - C C Kartha
- Society for Continuing Medical Education & Research (SOCOMER), Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - S Sumi
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India.
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Abplanalp WT, Fischer A, John D, Zeiher AM, Gosgnach W, Darville H, Montgomery R, Pestano L, Allée G, Paty I, Fougerousse F, Dimmeler S. Efficiency and Target Derepression of Anti-miR-92a: Results of a First in Human Study. Nucleic Acid Ther 2020; 30:335-345. [PMID: 32707001 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2020.0871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) inhibition is a promising therapeutic strategy in several disease indications. MRG-110 is a locked nucleic acid-based antisense oligonucleotide that targets miR-92a-3p and experimentally was shown to have documented therapeutic effects on cardiovascular disease and wound healing. To gain first insights into the activity of anti-miR-92a in humans, we investigated miR-92a-3p expression in several blood compartments and assessed the effect of MRG-110 on target derepression. Healthy adults were randomly assigned (5:2) to receive a single intravenous dose of MRG-110 or placebo in one of seven sequential ascending intravenous dose cohorts ranging from 0.01 to 1.5 mg/kg body weight. MiR-92a-3p whole blood levels were time and dose dependently decreased with half-maximal inhibition of 0.27 and 0.31 mg/kg at 24 and 72 h after dosing, respectively. In the high-dose groups, >95% inhibition was detected at 24-72 h postinfusion and significant inhibition was observed for 2 weeks. Similar inhibitory effects were detected in isolated CD31+ cells, and miR-92a-3p expression was also inhibited in extracellular vesicles in the high-dose group. Target derepression was measured in whole blood and showed that ITGA5 and CD93 were increased at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg. Single-cell RNA sequencing of peripheral blood cells revealed a cell type-specific derepression of miR-92a targets. Together this study demonstrates that systemic infusion of anti-miR-92a efficiently inhibits miR-92a in the peripheral blood compartment and derepresses miR-92a targets in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Tyler Abplanalp
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ariane Fischer
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - David John
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas M Zeiher
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Frankfurt, Germany.,Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Willy Gosgnach
- CentEX Biotechnology, Institut de Recherche SERVIER, Paris, France
| | - Helene Darville
- CentEX Biotechnology, Institut de Recherche SERVIER, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Guillaume Allée
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Institut de Recherches Internationales SERVIER, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Paty
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Institut de Recherches Internationales SERVIER, Paris, France
| | - Francoise Fougerousse
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Institut de Recherches Internationales SERVIER, Paris, France
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Frankfurt, Germany.,Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Frankfurt, Germany
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The Interplay between Oxidative Stress and miRNAs in Obesity-Associated Hepatic and Vascular Complications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9070607. [PMID: 32664383 PMCID: PMC7402144 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the obesity pandemic is one of the most relevant health issues worldwide. This condition is tightly related to comorbidities such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), namely atherosclerosis. Dysregulated lipid metabolism and inflammation link these three diseases, leading to a subsequent increase of oxidative stress (OS) causing severe cellular damage. On the other hand, microRNAs (miRNAs) are short, single-stranded, non-coding RNAs that act as post-transcriptional negative regulators of gene expression, thus being involved in the molecular mechanisms that promote the development of many pathologies including obesity and its comorbidities. The involvement of miRNAs in promoting or opposing OS in disease progression is becoming more evident. Some miRNAs, such as miR-200a and miR.421, seem to play important roles in OS control in NAFLD. On the other hand, miR-92a and miR-133, among others, are important in the development of atherosclerosis. Moreover, since both diseases are linked to obesity, they share common altered miRNAs, being miR-34a and miR-21 related to OS. This review summarizes the latest advances in the knowledge about the mechanisms of oxidative stress (OS) generation in obesity-associated NAFLD and atherosclerosis, as well as the role played by miRNAs in the regulation of such mechanisms.
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Peters LJF, Biessen EAL, Hohl M, Weber C, van der Vorst EPC, Santovito D. Small Things Matter: Relevance of MicroRNAs in Cardiovascular Disease. Front Physiol 2020; 11:793. [PMID: 32733281 PMCID: PMC7358539 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short sequences of non-coding RNA that play an important role in the regulation of gene expression and thereby in many physiological and pathological processes. Furthermore, miRNAs are released in the extracellular space, for example in vesicles, and are detectable in various biological fluids, such as serum, plasma, and urine. Over the last years, it has been shown that miRNAs are crucial in the development of several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This review discusses the (patho)physiological implications of miRNAs in CVD, ranging from cardiovascular risk factors (i.e., hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia), to atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and cardiac remodeling. Moreover, the intriguing possibility of their use as disease-specific diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for human CVDs will be discussed in detail. Finally, as several approaches have been developed to alter miRNA expression and function (i.e., mimics, antagomirs, and target-site blockers), we will highlight the miRNAs with the most promising therapeutic potential that may represent suitable candidates for therapeutic intervention in future translational studies and ultimately in clinical trials. All in all, this review gives a comprehensive overview of the most relevant miRNAs in CVD and discusses their potential use as biomarkers and even therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linsey J. F. Peters
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Erik A. L. Biessen
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Mathias Hohl
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universität des Saarlandes, Homburg, Germany
| | - Christian Weber
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
| | - Emiel P. C. van der Vorst
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Donato Santovito
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Liang J, Gu S, Mao X, Tan Y, Wang H, Li S, Zhou Y. Endothelial Cell Morphology Regulates Inflammatory Cells Through MicroRNA Transferred by Extracellular Vesicles. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:369. [PMID: 32509739 PMCID: PMC7248333 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis and the development of cardiovascular diseases such as arteriosclerosis and restenosis, and the dysfunction of endothelial cells (ECs) may result in the activation of monocytes and other inflammatory cells. ECs exhibit an elongated morphology in the straight part of arteries but a cobblestone shape near the pro-atherogenic region such as branch bifurcation. Although the effects of hemodynamic forces on ECs have been widely studied, it is not clear whether the EC morphology affects its own function and thus the inflammatory response of monocytes. Here we showed that elongated ECs cultured on poly-(dimethyl siloxane) membrane surface with microgrooves significantly suppressed the activation of the monocytes in co-culture, in comparison to ECs with a cobblestone shape. The transfer of EC-conditioned medium to monocytes had the same effect, suggesting that soluble factors were involved in EC-monocyte communication. Further investigation demonstrated that elongated ECs upregulated the expression of anti-inflammatory microRNAs, especially miR-10a. Moreover, miR-10a was found in the extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by ECs and transferred to monocytes, and the inhibition of EV secretion from ECs repressed the upregulation of miR-10a. Consistently, the inhibition of miR-10a expression in ECs reduced their anti-inflammatory effect on monocytes. These results reveal that the EC morphology can regulate inflammatory response through EVs, which provides a basis for the design and the optimization of biomaterials for vascular tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Liang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institution, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuangying Gu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institution, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuli Mao
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institution, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiling Tan
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institution, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanli Wang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institution, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Li
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yue Zhou
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institution, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Qin S, Predescu DN, Patel M, Drazkowski P, Ganesh B, Predescu SA. Sex differences in the proliferation of pulmonary artery endothelial cells: implications for plexiform arteriopathy. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/9/jcs237776. [PMID: 32409569 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.237776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The sex-biased disease pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by the proliferation and overgrowth of dysfunctional pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs). During inflammation associated with PAH, granzyme B cleaves intersectin-1 to produce N-terminal (EHITSN) and C-terminal (SH3A-EITSN) protein fragments. In a murine model of PAH, EHITSN triggers plexiform arteriopathy via p38-ELK1-c-Fos signaling. The SH3A-EITSN fragment also influences signaling, having dominant-negative effects on ERK1 and ERK2 (also known as MAPK3 and MAPK1, respectively). Using PAECs engineered to express tagged versions of EHITSN and SH3A-EITSN, we demonstrate that the two ITSN fragments increase both p38-ELK1 activation and the ratio of p38 to ERK1 and ERK2 activity, leading to PAEC proliferation, with female cells being more responsive than male cells. Furthermore, expression of EHITSN substantially upregulates the expression and activity of the long non-coding RNA Xist in female PAECs, which in turn upregulates the X-linked gene ELK1 and represses expression of krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2). These events are recapitulated by the PAECs of female idiopathic PAH patients, and may account for their proliferative phenotype. Thus, upregulation of Xist could be an important factor in explaining sexual dimorphism in the proliferative response of PAECs and the imbalanced sex ratio of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Qin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Dan N Predescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Monal Patel
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Patrick Drazkowski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Balaji Ganesh
- Division of Bioanalytics, Biophysics and Cytomics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sanda A Predescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Turpaev KT. Transcription Factor KLF2 and Its Role in the Regulation of Inflammatory Processes. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2020; 85:54-67. [PMID: 32079517 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
KLF2 is a member of the Krüppel-like transcription factor family of proteins containing highly conserved DNA-binding zinc finger domains. KLF2 participates in the differentiation and regulation of the functional activity of monocytes, T lymphocytes, adipocytes, and vascular endothelial cells. The activity of KLF2 is controlled by several regulatory systems, including the MEKK2,3/MEK5/ERK5/MEF2 MAP kinase cascade, Rho family G-proteins, histone acetyltransferases CBP and p300, and histone deacetylases HDAC4 and HDAC5. Activation of KLF2 in endothelial cells induces eNOS expression and provides vasodilatory effect. Many KLF2-dependent genes participate in the suppression of blood coagulation and aggregation of T cells and macrophages with the vascular endothelium, thereby preventing atherosclerosis progression. KLF2 can have a dual effect on the gene transcription. Thus, it induces expression of multiple genes, but suppresses transcription of NF-κB-dependent genes. Transcription factors KLF2 and NF-κB are reciprocal antagonists. KLF2 inhibits induction of NF-κB-dependent genes, whereas NF-κB downregulates KLF2 expression. KLF2-mediated inhibition of NF-κB signaling leads to the suppression of cell response to the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNFα and results in the attenuation of inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Turpaev
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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Xia Y, Feng H, Li ZW, Tang KX, Gao HQ, Wang WL, Cui XP, Li XL. Low-dose phloretin alleviates diabetic atherosclerosis through endothelial KLF2 restoration. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:815-823. [PMID: 31791197 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1699396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
We investigated whether low-dose phloretin served as daily dietary supplements could ameliorate diabetic atherosclerosis and the role of kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2). HUVECs cultured in high glucose medium were treated with different concentrations of phloretin and KLF2 mRNA, and protein level was detected. Diabetes was induced using streptozotocin in Apoe−/- mice after which they were fed a high-cholesterol diet for 8 weeks. Diabetic mice injected with KLF2 shRNA-lentivirus or control virus were treated with 20 mg/kg phloretin. Glucose, lipid profile, aortic atheroma, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression were detected. Phloretin retained endothelial function by KLF2-eNOS activation under hyperglycemia. Low-dose phloretin helped with lipid metabolism, and blocked the acceleration of atherosclerosis in STZ-induced diabetic mice since the early stage, which was diminished by KLF2 knockdown. Low-dose phloretin exhibited athero-protective effect in diabetic Apoe−/- mice dependent on KLF2 activation. This finding makes phloretin for diabetic atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xia
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qi-lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Digestive Disease, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen-Wei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mengyin People’s Hospital, Mengyin, China
| | - Kuan-Xiao Tang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qi-lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hai-Qing Gao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qi-lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei-Ling Wang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qi-lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-Pei Cui
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qi-lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-Li Li
- Department of Drug Purchase and Supply, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Song J, Hu B, Qu H, Wang L, Huang X, Li M, Zhang M. Upregulation of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 by shear stress reduced inflammation and proliferation in vascular endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 525:812-818. [PMID: 32169277 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shear stress (SS) and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) play important roles in endothelium homeostasis. Previous studies demonstrated that pulsatile shear stress (PSS) reduced the expression and activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), however, the effect of SS on angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression is unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS We exposed cultured endothelial cells (ECs) to distinct patterns of SS for indicated time points, Western blot and RT-PCR were used to determine the ACE2 expression; En Face staining was used to detect ACE2 expression in vivo; cell proliferation and apoptosis were determined by BrdU staining and TUNEL staining, respectively; the production of NO was detected by a commercial kit; the promoter activity of ACE2 was determined by a Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System, inhibitors of ACE2 and signaling pathway were added to the medium 1 h prior for PSS. Our data showed PSS induced a sustained ACE2 expression, but OSS only induced a transient ACE2 expression. The PSS-induced ACE2 expression was higher than that of OSS both in vitro and in vivo. The PSS-induced ACE2 was involved in inhibiting proliferation and inflammation, as well as promoting NO production in ECs. PSS significantly increased ACE2 expression at transcriptional level via activating AMPKα2-KLF2 pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest PSS promotes ACE2 expression via AMPKα2-KLF2 pathway to maintain the normal EC functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Song
- Department of Emergency, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China.
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Emergency, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Haiyan Qu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, 250012, Jinan, China; Department of Cardiology, Shandong provincial Qifoshan Hospital, The First Hospital affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Lin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, 250012, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaozhen Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, 250012, Jinan, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, 250012, Jinan, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, 250012, Jinan, China
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He M, Martin M, Marin T, Chen Z, Gongol B. Endothelial mechanobiology. APL Bioeng 2020; 4:010904. [PMID: 32095737 PMCID: PMC7032971 DOI: 10.1063/1.5129563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lining the luminal surface of the vasculature, endothelial cells (ECs) are in direct
contact with and differentially respond to hemodynamic forces depending on their anatomic
location. Pulsatile shear stress (PS) is defined by laminar flow and is predominantly
located in straight vascular regions, while disturbed or oscillatory shear stress (OS) is
localized to branch points and bifurcations. Such flow patterns have become a central
focus of vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, because the focal distribution of
endothelial dysfunction corresponds to regions exposed to OS, whereas endothelial
homeostasis is maintained in regions defined by PS. Deciphering the mechanotransduction
events that occur in ECs in response to differential flow patterns has required the
innovation of multidisciplinary approaches in both in vitro and
in vivo systems. The results from these studies have identified a
multitude of shear stress-regulated molecular networks in the endothelium that are
implicated in health and disease. This review outlines the significance of scientific
findings generated in collaboration with Dr. Shu Chien.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming He
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, USA
| | - Marcy Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Traci Marin
- Department of Health Sciences, Victor Valley College, Victorville, California 92395, USA
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, California 91010, USA
| | - Brendan Gongol
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, USA
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D'Ardes D, Santilli F, Guagnano MT, Bucci M, Cipollone F. From Endothelium to Lipids, Through microRNAs and PCSK9: A Fascinating Travel Across Atherosclerosis. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2020; 27:1-8. [PMID: 31925708 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-019-00356-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids and endothelium are pivotal players on the scene of atherosclerosis and their interaction is crucial for the establishment of the pathological processes. The endothelium is not only the border of the arterial wall: it plays a key role in regulating circulating fatty acids and lipoproteins and vice versa it is regulated by these lipidic molecules thereby promoting atherosclerosis. Inflammation is another important element in the relationship between lipids and endothelium. Recently, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has been recognized as a fundamental regulator of LDL-C and anti-PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies have been approved for therapeutic use in hypercholesterolemia, with the promise to subvert the natural history of the disease. Moreover, growing experimental and clinical evidence is enlarging our understanding of the mechanisms through which this protein may facilitate the genesis of atherosclerosis, independently of its impact on lipid metabolism. In addition, environmental stimuli may affect the post-transcriptional regulation of genes through micro-RNAs, which in turn play a key role in orchestrating the crosstalk between endothelium and cholesterol. Advances in experimental research, with development of high throughput techniques, have led, over the last century, to a tremendous progress in the understanding and fine tuning of the molecular mechanisms leading to atherosclerosis. Identification of pivotal keystone molecules bridging lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction and atherogenesis will provide the mechanistic substrate to test valuable targets for prediction, prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D'Ardes
- Department of Medicine and Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
- Clinica Medica Division and European Center of Excellence on Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia "SS. Annunziata" Hospital, Chieti, Italy
| | - F Santilli
- Department of Medicine and Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - M T Guagnano
- Department of Medicine and Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - M Bucci
- Department of Medicine and Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
- Clinica Medica Division and European Center of Excellence on Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia "SS. Annunziata" Hospital, Chieti, Italy
| | - F Cipollone
- Department of Medicine and Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.
- Clinica Medica Division and European Center of Excellence on Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia "SS. Annunziata" Hospital, Chieti, Italy.
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