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Ciullo A, Li L, Li C, Tsi K, Farrell C, Pellegrini M, Marbán E, Ibrahim AGE. Non-coding RNA yREX3 from human extracellular vesicles exerts macrophage-mediated cardioprotection via a novel gene-methylating mechanism. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:2660-2673. [PMID: 38865332 PMCID: PMC11297535 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by cardiosphere-derived cells exert immunomodulatory effects through the transmission of small non-coding RNAs. METHODS The mechanism and role of yREX3, a small Y RNA abundant in EVs in myocardial injury, was investigated. RESULTS yREX3 attenuates cardiac ischaemic injury by selective DNA methylation. Synthetic yREX3 encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles triggers broad transcriptomic changes in macrophages, localizes to the nucleus, and mediates epigenetic silencing of protein interacting with C kinase-1 (Pick1) through methylation of upstream CpG sites. Moreover, yREX3 interacts with polypyrimidine tract binding protein 3 (PTBP3) to methylate the Pick1 gene locus in a DNA methyltransferase-dependent manner. Suppression of Pick1 in macrophages potentiates Smad3 signalling and enhances efferocytosis, minimizing heart necrosis in rats with myocardial infarction. Adoptive transfer of Pick1-deficient macrophages recapitulates the cardioprotective effects of yREX3 in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the role of a small Y RNA mined from EVs with a novel gene-methylating mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Ciullo
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Smidt Heart Institute, 8700 Beverly Blvd, 1090 Davis Bldg, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Liang Li
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Smidt Heart Institute, 8700 Beverly Blvd, 1090 Davis Bldg, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Chang Li
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Smidt Heart Institute, 8700 Beverly Blvd, 1090 Davis Bldg, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Kara Tsi
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Smidt Heart Institute, 8700 Beverly Blvd, 1090 Davis Bldg, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Colin Farrell
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matteo Pellegrini
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eduardo Marbán
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Smidt Heart Institute, 8700 Beverly Blvd, 1090 Davis Bldg, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Ahmed G E Ibrahim
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Smidt Heart Institute, 8700 Beverly Blvd, 1090 Davis Bldg, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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Wei YR, Hou YL, Yin YJ, Li Z, Liu Y, Han NX, Wang ZX, Liu L, Wang XQ, Hao YJ, Ma K, Gu JJ, Jia ZH. Tongxinluo Activates PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway to Inhibit Endothelial Mesenchymal Transition and Attenuate Myocardial Fibrosis after Ischemia-Reperfusion in Mice. Chin J Integr Med 2024; 30:608-615. [PMID: 38386252 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-024-3652-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential role of Tongxinluo (TXL) in attenuating myocardial fibrosis after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) in mice. METHODS A MIRI mouse model was established by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation for 45 min. According to a random number table, 66 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=11 per group): the sham group, the model group, the LY-294002 group, the TXL group, the TXL+LY-294002 group and the benazepril (BNPL) group. The day after modeling, TXL and BNPL were administered by gavage. Intraperitoneal injection of LY-294002 was performed twice a week for 4 consecutive weeks. Echocardiography was used to measure cardiac function in mice. Masson staining was used to evaluate the degree of myocardial fibrosis in mice. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of endothelial mesenchymal transition (EndMT) after MIRI was performed by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry, respectively. The protein expressions of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31), α-smoth muscle actin (α-SMA), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and phospho protein kinase B (p-AKT) were assessed using Western blot. RESULTS TXL improved cardiac function in MIRI mice, reduced the degree of myocardial fibrosis, increased the expression of CD31 and inhibited the expression of α-SMA, thus inhibited the occurrence of EndMT (P<0.05 or P<0.01). TXL significantly increased the protein expressions of PI3K and p-AKT (P<0.05 or P<0.01). There was no significant difference between TXL and BNPL group (P>0.05). In addition, the use of the PI3K/AKT pathway-specific inhibitor LY-294002 to block this pathway and combination with TXL intervention, eliminated the protective effect of TXL, further supporting the protective effect of TXL. CONCLUSION TXL activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to inhibit EndMT and attenuated myocardial fibrosis after MIRI in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ru Wei
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050090, China
| | - Yun-Long Hou
- Shijiazhuang Yiling Pharmaceutical New Drug Evaluation Center, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Yu-Jie Yin
- Hebei Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei Yiling Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Ning-Xin Han
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Wang
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Hebei Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei Yiling Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China
| | - Xiao-Qi Wang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050090, China
| | - Yuan-Jie Hao
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Kun Ma
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050090, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Gu
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050090, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Jia
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050090, China.
- Hebei Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China.
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei Yiling Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China.
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3
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Barile L, Marbán E. Injury minimization after myocardial infarction: focus on extracellular vesicles. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:1602-1609. [PMID: 38366191 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite improvements in clinical outcomes following acute myocardial infarction, mortality remains high, especially in patients with severely reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF <30%), emphasizing the need for effective cardioprotective strategies adjunctive to recanalization. Traditional cell therapy has shown equivocal success, shifting the focus to innovative cardioactive biologicals and cell mimetic therapies, particularly extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs, as carriers of non-coding RNAs and other essential biomolecules, influence neighbouring and remote cell function in a paracrine manner. Compared to cell therapy, EVs possess several clinically advantageous traits, including stability, ease of storage (enabling off-the-shelf clinical readiness), and decreased immunogenicity. Allogeneic EVs from mesenchymal and/or cardiac stromal progenitor cells demonstrate safety and potential efficacy in preclinical settings. This review delves into the translational potential of EV-based therapeutic approaches, specifically highlighting findings from large-animal studies, and offers a synopsis of ongoing early-stage clinical trials in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Barile
- Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, CH-6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Euler Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, CH-6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Eduardo Marbán
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Ravani S, Chatzianastasiou A, Papapetropoulos A. Using mechanism-based combinations of H 2S-donors to maximize the cardioprotective action of H 2S. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1853-1864. [PMID: 37773523 PMCID: PMC10858931 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02729-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
H2S-donors are cardioprotective in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Some H2S-donors exert their beneficial effects in a nitric oxide (NO)-dependent manner, while others act using NO-independent pathways. The aims of the present study were to (i) evaluate whether H2S-donors with distinct pharmacodynamic properties act synergistically in I/R injury and (ii) determine if H2S-donors remain cardioprotective in obese mice. C57BL/6 mice were subjected to 30 min of ischemia followed by 120 min of reperfusion. Donors were administered intravenously at the end of ischemia (Na2S: 1 μmol/kg, GYY4137: 25 μmol/kg, AP39: 0,25 μmol/kg), while the 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (10 mg/kg) inhibitor was given intraperitonially 1 h prior to ischemia. Infarct size was estimated by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium staining, while the area at risk was calculated using Evans blue. All three donors reduced infarct size when administered as a sole treatment. Co-administration of Na2S/GYY4137, as well as Na2S/AP39 reduced further the I/R injury, beyond what was observed with each individual donor. Since inhibition of the H2S-producing enzyme 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase is known to reduce infarct size, we co-administered C3 with Na2S to determine possible additive effects between the two agents. In this case, combination of C3 with Na2S did not yield superior results compared to the individual treatments. Similarly, to what was observed in healthy mice, administration of a H2S-donor (Na2S or AP39) reduced I/R injury in mice rendered obese by consumption of a high fat diet. We conclude that combining a NO-dependent with a NO-independent H2S-donor leads to enhanced cardioprotection and that H2S-donors remain effective in obese animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Ravani
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasia Chatzianastasiou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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5
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Ibrahim AGE, Ciullo A, Miyamoto K, Liao K, Jones XM, Yamaguchi S, Li C, Rannou A, Nawaz A, Morris A, Tsi K, Marbán CH, Lee J, Manriquez N, Hong Y, Kumar AN, Dawkins JF, Rogers RG, Marbán E. Augmentation of DNA exonuclease TREX1 in macrophages as a therapy for cardiac ischemic injury. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.20.581294. [PMID: 39026690 PMCID: PMC11257602 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.20.581294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are increasingly recognized as bioactive. Here we report the development of TY1, a synthetic ncRNA bioinspired by a naturally-occurring human small Y RNA with immunomodulatory properties. TY1 upregulates TREX1, an exonuclease that rapidly degrades cytosolic DNA. In preclinical models of myocardial infarction (MI) induced by ischemia/reperfusion, TY1 reduced scar size. The cardioprotective effect of TY1 was abrogated by prior depletion of macrophages and mimicked by adoptive transfer of macrophages exposed either to TY1 or TREX1. Inhibition of TREX1 in macrophages blocked TY1 cardioprotection. Consistent with a central role for TREX1, TY1 attenuated DNA damage in the post-MI heart. This novel mechanism-pharmacologic upregulation of TREX1 in macrophages-establishes TY1 as the prototype for a new class of ncRNA drugs with disease-modifying bioactivity. One Sentence Summary Upregulation of three prime exonuclease, TREX1, in macrophages enhances tissue repair post myocardial infarction.
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Zhang Q, Siyuan Z, Xing C, Ruxiu L. SIRT3 regulates mitochondrial function: A promising star target for cardiovascular disease therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116004. [PMID: 38086147 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of mitochondrial homeostasis is common to all types of cardiovascular diseases. SIRT3 regulates apoptosis and autophagy, material and energy metabolism, mitochondrial oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. As an important mediator and node in the network of mechanisms, SIRT3 is essential to many activities. This review explains how SIRT3 regulates mitochondrial homeostasis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle to treat common cardiovascular diseases. A novel description of the impact of lifestyle factors on SIRT3 expression from the angles of nutrition, exercise, and temperature is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of traditional Chinese medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhou Siyuan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of traditional Chinese medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Xing
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of traditional Chinese medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Ruxiu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of traditional Chinese medicine, Beijing, China.
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7
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Pan DB, Ren MX, Ding WL, Zha DY. UBIAD1 effectively alleviated myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury by activating SIRT1/PGC1α. Perfusion 2023; 38:1268-1276. [PMID: 35491985 DOI: 10.1177/02676591221097220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) threatens global health and lowers people's sense of happiness. Till now, the mechanism of MIRI has not been well-understood. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the role of UBIAD1 in MIRI as well as its detailed reaction mechanism. METHODS The mRNA and protein expressions of UBIAD1 before or after transfection were measured using RT-qPCR and western blot. Western blot was also adopted to measure the expressions of signaling pathway-, mitochondrial damage- and apoptosis-related proteins. Moreover, mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP level were verified by JC-1 immunofluorescence and ATP kits, respectively. With the application of CCK-8, LDH and CK-MB assays, the cell viability, LDH and CK-MB levels were evaluated, respectively. In addition, the cell apoptosis was detected using TUNEL. Finally, the expressions of ROS, SOD, MDA and CAT were measured using DCFH-DA, SOD, MDA and CAT assays, respectively. RESULTS In the present study, we found that UBIAD1 was downregulated in hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) -induced H9C2 cells and its upregulation could activate SIRT1/PGC1α signaling pathway. It was also found that UBIAD1 regulated mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP level via activating SIRT1/PGC1α signaling pathway. In addition, the injury of H/R-induced H9C2 cells could be relieved by UBIAD1 through the activation of SIRT1/PGC1α signaling pathway. Moreover, UBIAD1 exhibited inhibitory effects on apoptosis and oxidative stress of H/R-induced H9C2 cells through activating SIRT1/PGC1α signaling pathway. CONCLUSION To sum up, UBIAD1 could alleviate apoptosis, oxidative stress and H9C2 cell injury by activating SIRT1/PGC1α, which laid experimental foundation for the clinical treatment of MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Bin Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Yijishan Hospital Wannan Medical College, Anhui Province, China
| | - Meng-Xiang Ren
- Graduate School of Wannan Medical College, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wen-Long Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Xuancheng People's Hospital, Anhui Province, China
| | - Da-Yong Zha
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhu Second People's Hospital, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
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8
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Chiari P, Desebbe O, Durand M, Fischer MO, Lena-Quintard D, Palao JC, Samson G, Varillon Y, Vaz B, Joseph P, Ferraris A, Jacquet-Lagreze M, Pozzi M, Maucort-Boulch D, Ovize M, Bidaux G, Mewton N, Fellahi JL. A Multimodal Cardioprotection Strategy During Cardiac Surgery: The ProCCard Study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2023; 37:1368-1376. [PMID: 37202231 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The ProCCard study tested whether combining several cardioprotective interventions would reduce the myocardial and other biological and clinical damage in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. DESIGN Prospective, randomized, controlled trial. SETTING Multicenter tertiary care hospitals. PARTICIPANTS 210 patients scheduled to undergo aortic valve surgery. INTERVENTIONS A control group (standard of care) was compared to a treated group combining five perioperative cardioprotective techniques: anesthesia with sevoflurane, remote ischemic preconditioning, close intraoperative blood glucose control, moderate respiratory acidosis (pH 7.30) just before aortic unclamping (concept of the "pH paradox"), and gentle reperfusion just after aortic unclamping. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The primary outcome was the postoperative 72-h area under the curve (AUC) for high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hsTnI). Secondary endpoints were biological markers and clinical events occurring during the 30 postoperative days and the prespecified subgroup analyses. The linear relationship between the 72-h AUC for hsTnI and aortic clamping time, significant in both groups (p < 0.0001), was not modified by the treatment (p = 0.57). The rate of adverse events at 30 days was identical. A non-significant reduction of the 72-h AUC for hsTnI (-24%, p = 0.15) was observed when sevoflurane was administered during cardiopulmonary bypass (46% of patients in the treated group). The incidence of postoperative renal failure was not reduced (p = 0.104). CONCLUSION This multimodal cardioprotection has not demonstrated any biological or clinical benefit during cardiac surgery. The cardio- and reno-protective effects of sevoflurane and remote ischemic preconditioning therefore remain to be demonstrated in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Chiari
- Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Inserm U1060, Laboratoire CarMeN, IHU OPeRa, Lyon, France..
| | - Olivier Desebbe
- Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Clinique de la Sauvegarde, Ramsay Générale de Santé, Lyon, France
| | - Michel Durand
- Pole d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Albert Michallon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Marc-Olivier Fischer
- Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, Université de Normandie, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| | - Diane Lena-Quintard
- Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Institut Arnault Tzanck, Saint Laurent du Var, France
| | - Jean-Charles Palao
- Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Nord, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint Etienne, Saint Etienne, France
| | - Géraldine Samson
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Lyon (CIC 1407 Inserm), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Yvonne Varillon
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Lyon (CIC 1407 Inserm), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Bernadette Vaz
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Lyon (CIC 1407 Inserm), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Joseph
- Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Arnaud Ferraris
- Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Matthias Jacquet-Lagreze
- Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Inserm U1060, Laboratoire CarMeN, IHU OPeRa, Lyon, France
| | - Matteo Pozzi
- Service de Chirurgie Cardiaque, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Delphine Maucort-Boulch
- Service de Biostatistique-Bioinformatique, Pôle Santé Publique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France; CNRS, UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, Équipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne France
| | - Michel Ovize
- Inserm U1060, Laboratoire CarMeN, IHU OPeRa, Lyon, France.; Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Lyon (CIC 1407 Inserm), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Gabriel Bidaux
- Inserm U1060, Laboratoire CarMeN, IHU OPeRa, Lyon, France
| | - Nathan Mewton
- Inserm U1060, Laboratoire CarMeN, IHU OPeRa, Lyon, France.; Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Lyon (CIC 1407 Inserm), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Service d'Insuffisance Cardiaque, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Luc Fellahi
- Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Inserm U1060, Laboratoire CarMeN, IHU OPeRa, Lyon, France
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Onat E, Kocaman N, Hancer S. The protective effects of humanin in rats with experimental myocardial infarction: The role of asprosin and spexin. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18739. [PMID: 37576267 PMCID: PMC10412837 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective In this study, by applying humanin (HN) before myocardial infarction (MI) in rats, its protection in MI and the possible roles in asprosin and spexin were investigated. Materials and methods The rats were divided into 7 groups each with 6 rats (group I (control), group II (HN 48th hour), group III (HN 7th day), group IV (MI 48th hour), group V (MI 7th day), group VI (MI + HN 48th hour), group VII (MI + HN 7th day). To create MI, 200 mg/kg isoproterenol (ISO) was administered subcutaneously to the rats. 2 mg/kg HN was given intraperitoneally (ip) to rats alone and before MI. Molecular parameters asprosin and spexin were examined by immunohistochemical in heart tissue. Biochemical parameters (aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), Troponin I) were studied in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Results It was found in the study that the levels of spexin elevated especially towards the 7th day after MI and decreased more significantly towards the 7th day, after HN application before MI. Asprosin elevated significantly towards the 7th day after MI and decreased especially on the 7th day after HN application before MI. Also, serum AST, LDH, CK-MB, and Troponin I levels tended to decrease and a significant decrease was detected in congested veins in the heart tissue at the 48th hour of MI and erythrocyte extravasation, congested veins and necrotic muscle fibers at the 7th day of MI in rats given HN before MI. Conclusion It was concluded that HN has a cardioprotective effect in MI and asprosin and spexin might mediate this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Onat
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, 02040, Turkey
| | - Nevin Kocaman
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, 23119, Turkey
| | - Serhat Hancer
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, 23119, Turkey
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Assessment of Myocardial Diastolic Dysfunction as a Result of Myocardial Infarction and Extracellular Matrix Regulation Disorders in the Context of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11185430. [PMID: 36143077 PMCID: PMC9502668 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11185430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The decline in cardiac contractility due to damage or loss of cardiomyocytes is intensified by changes in the extracellular matrix leading to heart remodeling. An excessive matrix response in the ischemic cardiomyopathy may contribute to the elevated fibrotic compartment and diastolic dysfunction. Fibroproliferation is a defense response aimed at quickly closing the damaged area and maintaining tissue integrity. Balance in this process is of paramount importance, as the reduced post-infarction response causes scar thinning and more pronounced left ventricular remodeling, while excessive fibrosis leads to impairment of heart function. Under normal conditions, migration of progenitor cells to the lesion site occurs. These cells have the potential to differentiate into myocytes in vitro, but the changed micro-environment in the heart after infarction does not allow such differentiation. Stem cell transplantation affects the extracellular matrix remodeling and thus may facilitate the improvement of left ventricular function. Studies show that mesenchymal stem cell therapy after infarct reduces fibrosis. However, the authors did not specify whether they meant the reduction of scarring as a result of regeneration or changes in the matrix. Research is also necessary to rule out long-term negative effects of post-acute infarct stem cell therapy.
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11
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Li D, Tian K, Guo J, Wang Q, Qin Z, Lu Y, Xu Y, Scott N, Charles CJ, Liu G, Zhang J, Cui X, Tang J. Growth factors: avenues for the treatment of myocardial infarction and potential delivery strategies. Regen Med 2022; 17:561-579. [PMID: 35638395 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2022-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Despite recent advances in clinical management, reoccurence of heart failure after AMI remains high, in part because of the limited capacity of cardiac tissue to repair after AMI-induced cell death. Growth factor-based therapy has emerged as an alternative AMI treatment strategy. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of growth factor cardioprotective and regenerative actions is important. This review focuses on the function of different growth factors at each stage of the cardiac repair process. Recent evidence for growth factor therapy in preclinical and clinical trials is included. Finally, different delivery strategies are reviewed with a view to providing workable strategies for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demin Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Kang Tian
- Department of Bone and Joint, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, China
| | - Jiacheng Guo
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Qiguang Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Zhen Qin
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Yongzheng Lu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Yanyan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Nicola Scott
- Department of Medicine, Christchurch Heart Institute, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Chris J Charles
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering Group, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Guozhen Liu
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Jinying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Xiaolin Cui
- Department of Bone and Joint, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering Group, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Junnan Tang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.,Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
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12
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Vytrykhovskyi AI, Fedorchenko MV. REPERFUSION INJURY IN ACUTE PERIOD OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION - WAYS OF PREVENTION AND CORRECTION. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2022; 75:2514-2518. [PMID: 36472290 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202210137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: To identify pathophysiological peculiarities of myocardial reperfusion injury and ways of its reduction based on the literature data analysis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methots: This literature review was made by searching the PubMed database using key words . Additional data were sought in the Google search engine by entering key words: " risk factors, ischemic heart disease, arrhythmia, sudden cardiac death, heart rhythm, heart failure." in the Polish, English, Russian and Ukrainian language versions. CONCLUSION Conclusions: Considering conducted data analysis, provided data indicate the prospects of phosphocreatine usage in treatment scheme of heart rhythm disorders and heart failure on the background of myocardial ischemia and elimination of reperfusion injury and myocardial remodeling consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriy I Vytrykhovskyi
- IVANO-FRANKIVSK NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, IVANO-FRANKIVSK, UKRAINE; CNO «IVANO-FRANKIVSK REGIONAL CARDIOLOGICAL CENTER» IFSS, IVANO-FRANKIVSK, UKRAINE
| | - Muhaylo V Fedorchenko
- IVANO-FRANKIVSK NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, IVANO-FRANKIVSK, UKRAINE; CNO «IVANO-FRANKIVSK REGIONAL CARDIOLOGICAL CENTER» IFSS, IVANO-FRANKIVSK, UKRAINE
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13
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Lin B, Zheng W, Jiang X. Crosstalk between Circulatory Microenvironment and Vascular Endothelial Cells in Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:5597-5610. [PMID: 34744446 PMCID: PMC8565985 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s316414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The reason of high mortality of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was the lack of exploring the cellular and molecular mechanism of AMI. Therefore, we explored the crosstalk among cells, as well as its potential molecular mechanism of mediating AMI. Methods The gene expression profile of peripheral blood, endothelial, platelets and mononuclear cells were applied to differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis. ClusterProfiler and the package of gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were applied to explore the potential functional pathways of DEGs in 3 types of intravascular cells (endothelial, platelets and mononuclear cells) and peripheral blood. Subsequently, we extracted the surface receptors, secreted proteins and extracellular matrix from the up-regulated DEGs to explore their potential interactions mechanism of AMI by crosstalk and pivot analysis. Findings A total 11 common regulated DEGs (CDEGs) were identified, which might be potential biomarkers for AMI diagnosis. The abnormal pathways involved in DEGs of 3 types of intravascular cells and peripheral blood were shown, which also verified by GSEA. Afterwards, it was found that there was crosstalk in 3 types of intravascular cells and peripheral blood. Furthermore, we constructed a cell–cell interaction map among cells in AMI regulated by exosome lncRNA, which was involved in the development of AMI. Finally, we identified 8 hub genes, which might be potential biomarkers of AMI. Interpretation The result of this study can not only be used as a reference for subsequent experiments and further exploration, but also contribute to the development of novel cell and molecular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beiyou Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Zhuhai People's Hospital, (Zhuhai hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital & Zhengzhou University People's Hospital & Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhuhai People's Hospital, (Zhuhai hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, People's Republic of China
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14
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Nernpermpisooth N, Sarre C, Barrere C, Contreras R, Luz-Crawford P, Tejedor G, Vincent A, Piot C, Kumphune S, Nargeot J, Jorgensen C, Barrère-Lemaire S, Djouad F. PPARβ/δ Is Required for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Cardioprotective Effects Independently of Their Anti-inflammatory Properties in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:681002. [PMID: 34616778 PMCID: PMC8488150 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.681002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction ranks first for the mortality worldwide. Because the adult heart is unable to regenerate, fibrosis develops to compensate for the loss of contractile tissue after infarction, leading to cardiac remodeling and heart failure. Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) regenerative properties, as well as their safety and efficacy, have been demonstrated in preclinical models. However, in clinical trials, their beneficial effects are controversial. In an experimental model of arthritis, we have previously shown that PPARβ/δ deficiency enhanced the therapeutic effect of MSC. The aim of the present study was to compare the therapeutic effects of wild-type MSC (MSC) and MSC deficient for PPARβ/δ (KO MSC) perfused in an ex vivo mouse model of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. For this purpose, hearts from C57BL/6J mice were subjected ex vivo to 30 min ischemia followed by 1-h reperfusion. MSC and KO MSC were injected into the Langendorff system during reperfusion. After 1 h of reperfusion, the TTC method was used to assess infarct size. Coronary effluents collected in basal condition (before ischemia) and after ischemia at 1 h of reperfusion were analyzed for their cytokine profiles. The dose-response curve for the cardioprotection was established ex vivo using different doses of MSC (3.105, 6.105, and 24.105 cells/heart) and the dose of 6.105 MSC was found to be the optimal concentration. We showed that the cardioprotective effect of MSC was PPARβ/δ-dependent since it was lost using KO MSC. Moreover, cytokine profiling of the coronary effluents collected in the eluates after 60 min of reperfusion revealed that MSC treatment decreases CXCL1 chemokine and interleukin-6 release compared with untreated hearts. This anti-inflammatory effect of MSC was also observed when hearts were treated with PPARβ/δ-deficient MSC. In conclusion, our study revealed that the acute cardioprotective properties of MSC in an ex vivo model of IR injury, assessed by a decreased infarct size at 1 h of reperfusion, are PPARβ/δ-dependent but not related to their anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitirut Nernpermpisooth
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,Department of Cardio-Thoracic Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Integrative Biomedical Research Unit, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Charlotte Sarre
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Christian Barrere
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Rafaël Contreras
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Patricia Luz-Crawford
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gautier Tejedor
- MedXCell Science, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Vincent
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Piot
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,Département de Cardiologie Interventionnelle, Clinique du Millénaire, Montpellier, France
| | - Sarawut Kumphune
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Integrative Biomedical Research Unit, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.,Biomedical Engineering Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Joel Nargeot
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Christian Jorgensen
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Farida Djouad
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
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15
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Boyle AJ, Schultz C, Selvanayagam JB, Moir S, Kovacs R, Dib N, Zlotnick D, Al-Omary M, Sugito S, Selvarajah A, Collins N, McLachlan G. Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Delta Inhibition and Ventricular Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Cardiol 2021; 6:762-768. [PMID: 33851966 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2021.0676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Importance After anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), left ventricular (LV) remodeling results in heart failure and death. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II delta (CaMKIId) is a key molecular mediator of adverse LV remodeling. Objective To determine whether NP202, an orally active inhibitor of CaMKIId, prevents LV remodeling in patients after anterior STEMI with early residual LV dysfunction. Design, Setting, and Participants A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter clinical trial of NP202 vs placebo in patients after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for anterior STEMI was performed from November 19, 2015, to August 1, 2018. The study was performed at 32 sites across the US, Australia, and New Zealand. Patients presenting with anterior STEMI who underwent PCI within 12 hours of symptom onset and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) less than 45% on screening echocardiogram 48 hours after primary PCI were included in the study. Baseline cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging was performed within 5 days of the STEMI and before administration of the study drug. Follow-up CMR was performed after 3 months. Data were analyzed from November 19, 2015, to August 1, 2018. Interventions Patients were randomly assigned to NP202, 1000 mg, daily for 3 months vs corresponding placebo. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary end point was change in LV end-systolic volume index (LVESVi) on CMR. Secondary end points were change in LV end-diastolic volume index, change in LVEF, change in infarct size, and change in diastolic function. Safety and tolerability were also assessed. Results A total of 147 patients (mean [SD] age, 58 [11] years; 129 men [88%]; 130 White patients [88%]) who experienced anterior STEMI treated with primary PCI were randomized to receive NP202 (73 [49.7%]) or placebo (74 [50.3%]). Baseline LVEF was similar between groups. At baseline, patients randomized to NP202 had greater LVESVi (48.2 mL/m2) than that in the placebo group (41.3 mL/m2; P = .03). However, the groups were otherwise well matched. For the primary end point of change in LVESVi from baseline to 3 months, there was no significant difference between the placebo (median [interquartile range] change, -0.60 [-9.28 to 5.99] mL/m2) and NP202 groups (-3.53 [-9.24 to 4.81] mL/m2) (P = .78). There was also no difference in the secondary efficacy end points assessed by CMR. NP202 was well tolerated and demonstrated an acceptable safety profile. Major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event rates were similar between groups. Two deaths occurred in each group during the follow-up period. Conclusions and Relevance Three months of treatment with NP202 after primary PCI for anterior STEMI with residual LV dysfunction did not improve LV remodeling. The drug was safe and well tolerated. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02557217.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Boyle
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carl Schultz
- University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Perth, Australia.,Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Joseph B Selvanayagam
- Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stuart Moir
- MonashHeart, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Nabil Dib
- Dignity Healthcare, Gilbert, Arizona
| | | | - Mohammed Al-Omary
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stuart Sugito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Aravinda Selvarajah
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicholas Collins
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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16
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Wang Y, Zhang H, Wang Z, Wei Y, Wang M, Liu M, Wang X, Jiang Y, Shi G, Zhao D, Yang Z, Ren Z, Li J, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Zhang B, Zong B, Lou X, Liu C, Wang Z, Zhang H, Tao N, Li X, Zhang X, Guo Y, Ye Y, Qi Y, Li H, Wang M, Guo R, Cheng G, Li S, Zhang J, Liu G, Chai L, Lou Q, Li X, Cui X, Gao E, Dong Z, Hu Y, Chen YH, Ma Y. Blocking the death checkpoint protein TRAIL improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction in monkeys, pigs, and rats. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/540/eaaw3172. [PMID: 32321866 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaw3172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of death worldwide for which there is no cure. Although cardiac cell death is a well-recognized pathological mechanism of MI, therapeutic blockade of cell death to treat MI is not straightforward. Death receptor 5 (DR5) and its ligand TRAIL [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand] are up-regulated in MI, but their roles in pathological remodeling are unknown. Here, we report that blocking TRAIL with a soluble DR5 immunoglobulin fusion protein diminished MI by preventing cardiac cell death and inflammation in rats, pigs, and monkeys. Mechanistically, TRAIL induced the death of cardiomyocytes and recruited and activated leukocytes, directly and indirectly causing cardiac injury. Transcriptome profiling revealed increased expression of inflammatory cytokines in infarcted heart tissue, which was markedly reduced by TRAIL blockade. Together, our findings indicate that TRAIL mediates MI directly by targeting cardiomyocytes and indirectly by affecting myeloid cells, supporting TRAIL blockade as a potential therapeutic strategy for treating MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohui Wang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Zhizeng Wang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Yinxiang Wei
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Mingli Wang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Meichen Liu
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Xuance Wang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China.,Henan University affiliated Huaihe Hospital, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Yinan Jiang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Gongning Shi
- Henan University affiliated Huaihe Hospital, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Zhao
- Henan University affiliated Huaihe Hospital, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Zhengyan Yang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Zhiguang Ren
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Zhenkai Zhang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Zhenfeng Wang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Beibei Zong
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Xueke Lou
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Chengguo Liu
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Zihui Wang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Ningya Tao
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Xuefang Li
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Xingkun Zhang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Yafei Guo
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Yang Ye
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Yu Qi
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Man Wang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Rongxin Guo
- Henan University affiliated Huaihe Hospital, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Guanchang Cheng
- Henan University affiliated Huaihe Hospital, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Shulian Li
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Guangchao Liu
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Lihui Chai
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Lou
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Xia Li
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Xiukun Cui
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Yanzhong Hu
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| | - Youhai H Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Yuanfang Ma
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China.
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17
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Pahlavan S, Abrishami S. Upgrading treatment strategies of cardiovascular diseases using biotechnology: Are we still there? J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2021; 13:90-91. [PMID: 33815709 PMCID: PMC8007892 DOI: 10.34172/jcvtr.2021.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pahlavan
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahand Abrishami
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University Medical Center, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Heart Transplantation From Brain Dead Donors: A Systematic Review of Animal Models. Transplantation 2021; 104:2272-2289. [PMID: 32150037 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in mechanical circulatory devices and pharmacologic therapies, heart transplantation (HTx) is the definitive and most effective therapy for an important proportion of qualifying patients with end-stage heart failure. However, the demand for donor hearts significantly outweighs the supply. Hearts are sourced from donors following brain death, which exposes donor hearts to substantial pathophysiological perturbations that can influence heart transplant success and recipient survival. Although significant advances in recipient selection, donor and HTx recipient management, immunosuppression, and pretransplant mechanical circulatory support have been achieved, primary graft dysfunction after cardiac transplantation continues to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Animal models, when appropriate, can guide/inform medical practice, and fill gaps in knowledge that are unattainable in clinical settings. Consequently, we performed a systematic review of existing animal models that incorporate donor brain death and subsequent HTx and assessed studies for scientific rigor and clinical relevance. Following literature screening via the U.S National Library of Medicine bibliographic database (MEDLINE) and Embase, 29 studies were assessed. Analysis of included studies identified marked heterogeneity in animal models of donor brain death coupled to HTx, with few research groups worldwide identified as utilizing these models. General reporting of important determinants of heart transplant success was mixed, and assessment of posttransplant cardiac function was limited to an invasive technique (pressure-volume analysis), which is limitedly applied in clinical settings. This review highlights translational challenges between available animal models and clinical heart transplant settings that are potentially hindering advancement of this field of investigation.
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Herrera-Zelada N, Zuñiga-Cuevas U, Ramirez-Reyes A, Lavandero S, Riquelme JA. Targeting the Endothelium to Achieve Cardioprotection. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:636134. [PMID: 33603675 PMCID: PMC7884828 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.636134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite considerable improvements in the treatment of myocardial infarction, it is still a highly prevalent disease worldwide. Novel therapeutic strategies to limit infarct size are required to protect myocardial function and thus, avoid heart failure progression. Cardioprotection is a research topic with significant achievements in the context of basic science. However, translation of the beneficial effects of protective approaches from bench to bedside has proven difficult. Therefore, there is still an unmet need to study new avenues leading to protecting the myocardium against infarction. In line with this, the endothelium is an essential component of the cardiovascular system with multiple therapeutic targets with cardioprotective potential. Endothelial cells are the most abundant non-myocyte cell type in the heart and are key players in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology. These cells can regulate vascular tone, angiogenesis, hemostasis, and inflammation. Accordingly, endothelial dysfunction plays a fundamental role in cardiovascular diseases, which may ultimately lead to myocardial infarction. The endothelium is of paramount importance to protect the myocardium from ischemia/reperfusion injury via conditioning strategies or cardioprotective drugs. This review will provide updated information on the most promising therapeutic agents and protective approaches targeting endothelial cells in the context of myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Herrera-Zelada
- Advanced Center for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas and Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ursula Zuñiga-Cuevas
- Advanced Center for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas and Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andres Ramirez-Reyes
- Advanced Center for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas and Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas and Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Jaime A. Riquelme
- Advanced Center for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas and Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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20
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Boisguérin P, Covinhes A, Gallot L, Barrère C, Vincent A, Busson M, Piot C, Nargeot J, Lebleu B, Barrère-Lemaire S. A novel therapeutic peptide targeting myocardial reperfusion injury. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:633-644. [PMID: 31147690 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Regulated cell death is a main contributor of myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury during acute myocardial infarction. In this context, targeting apoptosis could be a potent therapeutical strategy. In a previous study, we showed that DAXX (death-associated protein) was essential for transducing the FAS-dependent apoptotic signal during IR injury. The present study aims at evaluating the cardioprotective effects of a synthetic peptide inhibiting FAS:DAXX interaction. METHODS AND RESULTS An interfering peptide was engineered and then coupled to the Tat cell penetrating peptide (Tat-DAXXp). Its internalization and anti-apoptotic properties were demonstrated in primary cardiomyocytes. Importantly, an intravenous bolus injection of Tat-DAXXp (1 mg/kg) 5 min before reperfusion in a murine myocardial IR model decreased infarct size by 48% after 24 h of reperfusion. In addition, Tat-DAXXp was still efficient after a 30-min delayed administration, and was completely degraded and eliminated within 24 h thereby reducing risks of potential side effects. Importantly, Tat-DAXXp reduced mouse early post-infarction mortality by 67%. Mechanistically, cardioprotection was supported by both anti-apoptotic and pro-survival effects, and an improvement of myocardial functional recovery as evidenced in ex vivo experiments. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that a single dose of Tat-DAXXp injected intravenously at the onset of reperfusion leads to a strong cardioprotection in vivo by inhibiting IR injury validating Tat-DAXXp as a promising candidate for therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prisca Boisguérin
- CRBM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, F-34293 Montpellier, France.,DIMNP, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Aurélie Covinhes
- IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, F-34094 Montpellier, France.,Laboratory of Excellence Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, F-06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Laura Gallot
- IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, F-34094 Montpellier, France.,Laboratory of Excellence Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, F-06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Christian Barrère
- IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, F-34094 Montpellier, France.,Laboratory of Excellence Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, F-06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Anne Vincent
- IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, F-34094 Montpellier, France.,Laboratory of Excellence Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, F-06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Muriel Busson
- IRCM, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Piot
- IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, F-34094 Montpellier, France.,Laboratory of Excellence Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, F-06560 Valbonne, France.,Département de Cardiologie Interventionnelle, Clinique du Millénaire, F-34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Joël Nargeot
- IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, F-34094 Montpellier, France.,Laboratory of Excellence Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, F-06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Bernard Lebleu
- DIMNP, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphanie Barrère-Lemaire
- IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, F-34094 Montpellier, France.,Laboratory of Excellence Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, F-06560 Valbonne, France
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21
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Li J, Zhang WJ, Yao H, Li TM. Therapeutic effects of interleukin-37 and induced cardiosphere on treating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106719. [PMID: 32916625 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI-RI) has many adverse complications with high mortality rate. In the current study, we investigated the therapeutic advantages of delivering Interleukin-37 (IL-37) by induced cardiospheres (iCS), generated from adult skin fibroblasts via somatic reprogramming, in treating the mice model MI-RI. METHODS The mouse model of MI-RI was established and the iCS cells with IL-37 overexpression (iCS-IL37) were transplanted into the mice via tail-vein injection. Left ventricular (LV) dimensions and LV pressure-volume measurements were assessed by parasternal long-axis echocardiography and hemodynamic assessment. The infarct size was determined by histology analysis. And the inflammatory responses were analyzed by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS The LV function was significantly improved after the iCS-IL37 transplantation when compared to the vehicle control group and iCS group, including the end-systolic pressure and dP/dtMax. Furthermore, the infarct size was significantly decreased after the iCS-IL37 transplantation. The protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), were down-regulated by the iCS-IL37 transplantation. CONCLUSION The present study indicated that the iCS with IL-37 overexpression had therapeutic effects on the mice model of MI-RI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Preventive Medicine Ward, Wei Hai Municpal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai 2642, Shandong, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit(ICU), Wei Hai Municpal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Intensive Care Unit(ICU), Wei Hai Municpal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, Shandong, China
| | - Tian-Min Li
- Intensive Care Unit(ICU), Wei Hai Municpal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, Shandong, China.
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22
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Constantinou C, Miranda AMA, Chaves P, Bellahcene M, Massaia A, Cheng K, Samari S, Rothery SM, Chandler AM, Schwarz RP, Harding SE, Punjabi P, Schneider MD, Noseda M. Human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes as a target platform for paracrine protection by cardiac mesenchymal stromal cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13016. [PMID: 32747668 PMCID: PMC7400574 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69495-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease remains the foremost cause of death globally, with survivors at risk for subsequent heart failure. Paradoxically, cell therapies to offset cardiomyocyte loss after ischemic injury improve long-term cardiac function despite a lack of durable engraftment. An evolving consensus, inferred preponderantly from non-human models, is that transplanted cells benefit the heart via early paracrine signals. Here, we tested the impact of paracrine signals on human cardiomyocytes, using human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) as the target of mouse and human cardiac mesenchymal stromal cells (cMSC) with progenitor-like features. In co-culture and conditioned medium studies, cMSCs markedly inhibited human cardiomyocyte death. Little or no protection was conferred by mouse tail tip or human skin fibroblasts. Consistent with the results of transcriptomic profiling, functional analyses showed that the cMSC secretome suppressed apoptosis and preserved cardiac mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Protection was independent of exosomes under the conditions tested. In mice, injecting cMSC-conditioned media into the infarct border zone reduced apoptotic cardiomyocytes > 70% locally. Thus, hPSC-CMs provide an auspicious, relevant human platform to investigate extracellular signals for cardiac muscle survival, substantiating human cardioprotection by cMSCs, and suggesting the cMSC secretome or its components as potential cell-free therapeutic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrystalla Constantinou
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Antonio M A Miranda
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence and Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Patricia Chaves
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence and Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Mohamed Bellahcene
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence and Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Andrea Massaia
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence and Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Kevin Cheng
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Sara Samari
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence and Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Stephen M Rothery
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Anita M Chandler
- Kardia Therapeutics, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, BioScience Research Collaborative, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Richard P Schwarz
- Kardia Therapeutics, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- CV Ventures, LLC, Blue Bell, PA, 19422, USA
| | - Sian E Harding
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence and Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Prakash Punjabi
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence and Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - Michael D Schneider
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence and Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Michela Noseda
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence and Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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23
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Vakrou S, Nana MA, Nanas IA, Nana-Leventaki E, Bonios M, Kapelios C, Nanas J. Safety and efficacy of global intracoronary administration of cardiosphere-derived cells or conditioned medium immediately after coronary reperfusion in rats. Hellenic J Cardiol 2020; 61:256-261. [PMID: 30904729 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) have been shown to reduce infarct size after myocardial infarction (MI). In the present study we investigated the safety and efficacy of global intracoronary administration (GIA) of CDCs or CDC-conditioned medium (CM) immediately after reperfusion in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion. METHODS CDCs were grown from myocardial biopsies obtained from male Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Female WKY rats underwent MI for 45minutes, followed by reperfusion for 1hour. Infarcted rats were randomized to receive GIA of CDCs (CDC group), CM (CM group) or vehicle (control group) immediately after the onset of reperfusion. Cell retention was quantified by PCR for the male specific SRY gene; area at risk (AR) and no reflow area (NR) were measured by histopathology. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography at 1 and 2 months post-MI. RESULTS Cell retention at 1hour after GIA was 25.1% ±5.1. The myocardial AR and NR (measured at 1 hour post-reperfusion) were similar between groups [AR: 28.8% ±7.4 of LV mass in control vs 27.2% ±8 in CM vs 27% ±7 in CDCs group. NR: 7.0% ±3.3 in control vs 7.3% ±3.8 in CM vs 7.1% ±3.6 in CDCs]. One and 2 months post-MI, systolic function and LV volumes did not differ between control and CM groups. CONCLUSION Intracoronary administration of CDCs during the acute phase of MI, at the beginning of reperfusion, does not aggravate microvascular obstruction and results in high cell retention. Delivery of CM in the acute phase of MI did not confer long-term cardiac functional benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Styliani Vakrou
- 3(rd) Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria A Nana
- 3(rd) Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis A Nanas
- 3(rd) Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Emmeleia Nana-Leventaki
- 3(rd) Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Bonios
- 3(rd) Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Chris Kapelios
- 3(rd) Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - John Nanas
- 3(rd) Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Barile
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Theranostics, Cardiocentro Ticino Foundation, Lugano 6900, Switzerland.,Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universita' Svizzera Italiana, Lugano 6900, Switzerland.,Institute of Life Science, Scuola Superiore Sant Anna, Pisa 56127, Italy
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, 126 University Place, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK.,Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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25
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Efficacy of a Novel Mitochondrial-Derived Peptide in a Porcine Model of Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2020; 5:699-714. [PMID: 32760857 PMCID: PMC7393416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2020.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A mitochondrial-derived peptide therapy, HNG, was safe and was delivered as adjunctive therapy with standard-of-care reperfusion in a translational large animal model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. HNG reduced infarct size per area-at-risk by 41% with an ischemic time of 60 min followed by 48 h of reperfusion. The infarct-sparing effects of HNG were abolished when the ischemic time was increased to 75 min followed by 48 h of reperfusion. The use of rigorous translational large animal models that account for clinically relevant variables is a prerequisite to better predict the clinical efficacy and outcomes of novel therapeutic strategies.
With the complexities that surround myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury, therapies adjunctive to reperfusion that elicit beneficial pleiotropic effects and do not overlap with standard of care are necessary. This study found that the mitochondrial-derived peptide S14G-humanin (HNG) (2 mg/kg), an analogue of humanin, reduced infarct size in a large animal model of MI/R. However, when ischemic time was increased, the infarct-sparing effects were abolished with the same dose of HNG. Thus, although the 60-min MI/R study showed that HNG cardioprotection translates beyond small animal models, further studies are needed to optimize HNG therapy for longer, more patient-relevant periods of cardiac ischemia.
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Key Words
- AAR, area-at-risk
- Bax, Bcl-2–associated X protein
- DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay
- HNG, S14G-humanin analogue
- IGFBP3, insulin-like growth factor–binding protein-3
- IV, intravenously
- LAD, left anterior coronary artery
- LV, left ventricular
- MDP, mitochondrial-derived peptide
- MI, myocardial infarction
- MI/R, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion
- NIZ, nonischemic zone
- RMBF, regional myocardial blood flow
- STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription
- TBARS, thiobarbituric acid–reactive substances
- TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling
- acute myocardial infarction
- adjunctive therapy
- cTnI, cardiac troponin I
- h-FABP, heart fatty acid–binding protein
- large animal model
- mitochondrial-derived peptide
- myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury
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26
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Alegre P, Mathias L, Lourenço MA, Santos PPD, Gonçalves A, Fernandes AA, Gaiolla PSA, Minicucci MF, Zornoff L, Paiva SAR, Polegato BF. Euterpe Oleracea Mart. (Açaí) Reduces Oxidative Stress and Improves Energetic Metabolism in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 114:78-86. [PMID: 31751439 PMCID: PMC7025309 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20180140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) is a fruit with high antioxidant capacity and could be an adjuvant strategy to attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury. Objective To evaluate the influence of açaí in global ischemia-reperfusion model in rats. Methods Wistar rats were assigned to 2 groups: Control (C: receiving standard chow; n = 9) and Açaí (A: receiving standard chow supplemented with 5% açaí; n = 10). After six weeks, the animals were subjected to the global ischemia-reperfusion protocol and an isolated heart study to evaluate left ventricular function. Level of significance adopted: 5%. Results There was no difference between the groups in initial body weight, final body weight and daily feed intake. Group A presented lower lipid hydroperoxide myocardial concentration and higher catalase activity, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase than group C. We also observed increased myocardial activity of b-hydroxyacyl coenzyme-A dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, complex I, complex II and ATP synthase in the A group as well as lower activity of the lactate dehydrogenase and phosphofructokinase enzymes. The systolic function was similar between the groups, and the A group presented poorer diastolic function than the C group. We did not observe any difference between the groups in relation to myocardial infarction area, total and phosphorylated NF-kB, total and acetylated FOXO1, SIRT1 and Nrf-2 protein expression. Conclusion despite improving energy metabolism and attenuating oxidative stress, açai supplementation did not decrease the infarcted area or improve left ventricular function in the global ischemia-reperfusion model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Alegre
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | - Livia Mathias
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | | | | | - Andrea Gonçalves
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Leonardo Zornoff
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
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27
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Balbi C, Costa A, Barile L, Bollini S. Message in a Bottle: Upgrading Cardiac Repair into Rejuvenation. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030724. [PMID: 32183455 PMCID: PMC7140681 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischaemic cardiac disease is associated with a loss of cardiomyocytes and an intrinsic lack of myocardial renewal. Recent work has shown that the heart retains limited cardiomyocyte proliferation, which remains inefficient when facing pathological conditions. While broadly active in the neonatal mammalian heart, this mechanism becomes quiescent soon after birth, suggesting loss of regenerative potential with maturation into adulthood. A key question is whether this temporary regenerative window can be enhanced via appropriate stimulation and further extended. Recently the search for novel therapeutic approaches for heart disease has centred on stem cell biology. The “paracrine effect” has been proposed as a promising strategy to boost endogenous reparative and regenerative mechanisms from within the cardiac tissue by exploiting the modulatory potential of soluble stem cell-secreted factors. As such, growing interest has been specifically addressed towards stem/progenitor cell-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs), which can be easily isolated in vitro from cell-conditioned medium. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of the current paradigm on cardiac repair and regeneration, with a specific focus on the role and mechanism(s) of paracrine action of EVs from cardiac stromal progenitors as compared to exogenous stem cells in order to discuss the optimal choice for future therapy. In addition, the challenges to overcoming translational EV biology from bench to bedside for future cardiac regenerative medicine will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Balbi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Cardiocentro Ticino Foundation, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland;
| | - Ambra Costa
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Dept. of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Lucio Barile
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Theranostics, Cardiocentro Ticino Foundation, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Sveva Bollini
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Dept. of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy;
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (S.B.)
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28
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Qi L, Zhang J, Wu K, Shi S, Ji Q, Miao H, Que B. IL-19 as a Biomarker for the Severity of Acute Myocardial Infarction. Arch Med Res 2020; 51:160-166. [PMID: 32111500 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-19 (IL-19) has been shown to be involved in coronary artery diseases and atherosclerosis, while its expression in myocardial infarction is poorly understood. In this study, the dynamic increase in circulating IL-19 in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients was detected. METHOD Both plasma IL-19 levels and IL-19 mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from STEMI patients and chest pain syndrome (CPS) patients were detected at different time points, including 1 d, 3 d, 7 d and 14 d after treatment and on admission. RESULTS Compared with the CPS patients, IL-19 levels and IL-19 gene expression were significantly increased in STEMI patients and peaked at 1 d. From 1-14 d, refocusing treatment, including emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and thrombolysis, markedly reduced IL-19 expression and promoted its recovery; of the treatments, the effect of emergency PCI was most significant. In addition, similar trends were also observed with cTnI, NT-proBNP and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Furthermore, correlation analysis showed that IL-19 levels were positively correlated with cTnI, NT-proBNP, CRP levels and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in STEMI patients. CONCLUSIONS IL-19 is correlated with the severity of acute myocardial infarction, which may be a new idea for the clinical treatment of myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Qi
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Clinical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Kui Wu
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, and Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shutian Shi
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, and Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qingwei Ji
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, and Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Huangtai Miao
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, and Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Que
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, and Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Beijing, China.
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Firoozi S, Pahlavan S, Ghanian MH, Rabbani S, Tavakol S, Barekat M, Yakhkeshi S, Mahmoudi E, Soleymani M, Baharvand H. A Cell-Free SDKP-Conjugated Self-Assembling Peptide Hydrogel Sufficient for Improvement of Myocardial Infarction. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E205. [PMID: 32019267 PMCID: PMC7072713 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials in conjunction with stem cell therapy have recently attracted attention as a new therapeutic approach for myocardial infarction (MI), with the aim to solve the delivery challenges that exist with transplanted cells. Self-assembling peptide (SAP) hydrogels comprise a promising class of synthetic biomaterials with cardiac-compatible properties such as mild gelation, injectability, rehealing ability, and potential for sequence modification. Herein, we developed an SAP hydrogel composed of a self-assembling gel-forming core sequence (RADA) modified with SDKP motif with pro-angiogenic and anti-fibrotic activity to be used as a cardioprotective scaffold. The RADA-SDKP hydrogel was intramyocardially injected into the infarct border zone of a rat model of MI induced by left anterior descending artery (LAD) ligation as a cell-free or a cell-delivering scaffold for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was markedly improved after transplantation of either free hydrogel or cell-laden hydrogel. This cardiac functional repair coincided very well with substantially lower fibrotic tissue formation, expanded microvasculature, and lower inflammatory response in the infarct area. Interestingly, BM-MSCs alone or in combination with hydrogel could not surpass the cardiac repair effects of the SDKP-modified SAP hydrogel. Taken together, we suggest that the RADA-SDKP hydrogel can be a promising cell-free construct that has the capability for functional restoration in the instances of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) that might minimize the safety concerns of cardiac cell therapy and facilitate clinical extrapolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Firoozi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran;
| | - Sara Pahlavan
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran 1665659911, Iran; (S.P.); (S.Y.)
| | - Mohammad-Hossein Ghanian
- Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran 1665659911, Iran;
| | - Shahram Rabbani
- Research Center for Advanced Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran;
| | - Shima Tavakol
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran;
| | - Maryam Barekat
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran 1665659911, Iran;
| | - Saeed Yakhkeshi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran 1665659911, Iran; (S.P.); (S.Y.)
| | - Elena Mahmoudi
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Mansoureh Soleymani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran;
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran 1665659911, Iran; (S.P.); (S.Y.)
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR, Tehran 1461968151, Iran
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Hou F, Geng Q, Zhang F, Li Y. Protective effects of induced cardiosphere on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through secreting interleukin 10. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 80:106207. [PMID: 31958742 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI-RI) has many adverse complications with high mortality rate. It has been demonstrated that the induced cardiospheres (iCS), generated from adult skin fibroblasts via somatic reprogramming, represents a novel source for cell therapy in myocardial infarction. However, whether the iCS could also be applied to treat MI-RI remains unclear. Thus, we investigated the therapeutic application of iCS in the mice model MI-RI. METHODS The mice model of MI-RI was established and the iCS cells were transplanted to the mice via tail-vein injection. Left ventricular (LV) dimensions and LV pressure-volume measurements were assessed by parasternal long-axis echocardiography. The infarct size was determined by histology analysis. And the inflammatory responses were analyzed by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS The LV function was significantly improved after the iCS transplantation when compared to the vehicle control group, including the end-systolic pressure and dP/dtMax. Furthermore, the infarct size was significantly decreased after the iCS transplantation. The protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), were down-regulated by the iCS transplantation while the IL-10 was up-regulated. The anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 was found to be expressed and secreted by the iCS cells and knocking down the IL-10 in iCS would significantly impair the therapeutic effects of iCS in the mice model of MI-RI. CONCLUSION The present study indicated that the iCS had therapeutic effects on the mice model of MI-RI through secreting the IL-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjie Hou
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Geng
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China.
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Satomi S, Patel HH, Roth DM. Dexmedetomidine and Cardiac “Postconditioning”. Anesth Analg 2020; 130:87-89. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000004497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Yu LM, Dong X, Xue XD, Zhang J, Li Z, Wu HJ, Yang ZL, Yang Y, Wang HS. Naringenin improves mitochondrial function and reduces cardiac damage following ischemia-reperfusion injury: the role of the AMPK-SIRT3 signaling pathway. Food Funct 2019; 10:2752-2765. [PMID: 31041965 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00001a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction contributed greatly to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R)-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Naringenin is a flavonoid exhibiting potential protective effects on myocardial mitochondria under stress conditions. However, the detailed down-stream signaling pathway involved remains uncovered. This study was designed to elucidate naringenin's mitochondrial protective actions during MI/R with a focus on AMPK-SIRT3 signaling. Sprague-Dawley rats were administered with naringenin (50 mg kg-1 d-1) and subjected to MI/R surgery in the presence or absence of compound C (0.25 mg kg-1, Com.C, an AMPK inhibitor) co-treatment. An in vitro study was performed on H9c2 cardiomyoblasts subjected to simulated ischemia-reperfusion treatment. Before the treatment, the cells were administered with naringenin (80 μmol L-1) with or without SIRT3 siRNA/AMPK1α siRNA transfection. Naringenin improved post-reperfusion left ventricular systolic pressure and the instantaneous first derivative of left ventricular pressure, and reduced the infarction size and myocardial apoptosis index by suppressing mitochondrial oxidative stress damage (as evidenced by decreased mitochondrial cytochrome c release and oxidative markers) and enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis [as evidenced by increased NRF1, TFAM and oxidative phosphorylation subunit complexes (II, III and IV)]. These protective actions were abolished by Com.C (in vivo) or SIRT3 siRNA (in vitro) administration. Further investigation revealed that Com.C (in vivo) or AMPK1α siRNA (in vitro) markedly suppressed PGC-1α and SIRT3 levels while SIRT3 siRNA (in vitro) inhibited SIRT3 expression without significantly changing AMPK phosphorylation and PGC-1α levels. Taken together, we found that naringenin directly inhibits mitochondrial oxidative stress damage and preserves mitochondrial biogenesis, thus attenuating MI/R injury. Importantly, AMPK-SIRT3 signaling played a key role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ming Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, , Liaoning 110016, China.
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DeGracia DJ, Taha D, Anggraini FT, Huang ZF. Nonautonomous dynamics of acute cell injury. Phys Rev E 2019; 100:052407. [PMID: 31870014 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.100.052407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Medical conditions due to acute cell injury, such as stroke and heart attack, are of tremendous impact and have attracted huge amounts of research effort. The biomedical research that seeks cures for these conditions has been dominated by a qualitative, inductive mind-set. Although the inductive approach has not been effective in developing medical treatments, it has amassed enough information to allow construction of quantitative, deductive models of acute cell injury. In this work we develop a modeling approach by extending an autonomous nonlinear dynamic theory of acute cell injury that offered new ways to conceptualize cell injury but possessed limitations that decrease its effectiveness. Here we study the global dynamics of the cell injury theory using a nonautonomous formulation. Different from the standard scenario in nonlinear dynamics that is determined by the steady state and fixed points of the model equations, in this nonautonomous model with a trivial fixed point, the system property is dominated by the transient states and the corresponding dynamic processes. The model gives rise to four qualitative types of dynamical patterns that can be mapped to the behavior of cells after clinical acute injuries. The nonautonomous theory predicts the existence of a latent stress response capacity (LSRC) possessed by injured cells. The LSRC provides a theoretical explanation of how therapies, such as hypothermia, can prevent cell death after lethal injuries. The nonautonomous theory of acute cell injury provides an improved quantitative framework for understanding cell death and recovery and lays a foundation for developing effective therapeutics for acute injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald J DeGracia
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Doaa Taha
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Fika Tri Anggraini
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Zhi-Feng Huang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
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Han H, Dai D, Hu J, Zhu J, Lu L, Tao G, Zhang R. Dexmedetomidine improves cardiac function and protects against maladaptive remodeling following myocardial infarction. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:5183-5189. [PMID: 31661145 PMCID: PMC6854534 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a highly specific and selective α2 adrenergic receptor agonist, has been demonstrated to possess potential cardioprotective effects. However, the mechanisms underlying this process remain to be fully illuminated. In the present study, a myocardial infarction (MI) animal model was generated by permanently ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery in mice. Cardiac function and collagen content were evaluated by transthoracic echocardiography and picrosirius red staining, respectively. Apoptosis was determined by the relative expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 and the myocardial caspase-3 activity. Additionally, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX)-derived oxidative stress was evaluated by the relative expression of Nox2 and Nox4, along with the myocardial contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. It was demonstrated that intraperitoneal DEX treatment (20 µg/kg/day) improved the systolic function of the left ventricle, and decreased the fibrotic changes in post-myocardial infarction mice, which was paralleled by a decrease in the levels of apoptosis. Subsequent experiments indicated that the restoration of redox signaling was achieved by DEX administration, and the over-activation of NOXs, including Nox2 and Nox4, was markedly inhibited. In conclusion, this present study suggested that DEX was cardioprotective and limited the excess production of NOX-derived ROS in ischemic heart disease, implying that DEX is a promising novel drug, especially for patients who have suffered MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Han
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Daopeng Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Jinquan Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital Affiliated with Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Jinzhou Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Guorong Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Ruiyan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
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Xiao Y, Song C, Lin Q, Shi X, Yu W, Huang X, Wang H, Chen Y, Wang R, Geng X, Qin M, Hu K, Fan Y, Qiao Y, Gao E, Zhao W, Chang J. Cardioprotection of (±)-sodium 5-bromo-2-(α-hydroxypentyl) benzoate (BZP) on mouse myocardium I/R injury through inhibiting 12/15-LOX-2 activity. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 135:52-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
RATIONALE Metformin has been demonstrated to decrease infarct size (IS) and prevent postinfarction left ventricular (LV) remodeling in rodents when given intravenously at the time of reperfusion. It remains unclear whether similar cardioprotection can be achieved in a large animal model. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine whether intravascular infusion of metformin at the time of reperfusion reduces myocardial IS in a porcine model of acute myocardial infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS In a blinded and randomized preclinical study, closed-chest swine (n=20) were subjected to a 60-minute left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion to produce myocardial infarction. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography was performed during left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion to assess the ischemic area-at-risk. Animals were randomized to receive either metformin or vehicle as an initial intravenous bolus (5 mg/kg) 8 minutes before reperfusion, followed by a 15-minute left coronary artery infusion (1 mg/kg per minute) commencing with the onset of reperfusion. Echocardiography and computed tomographic imaging of LV function were performed 1 week later, at which time the heart was removed for postmortem pathological analysis of area-at-risk and IS (triphenyltetrazolium chloride). Baseline variables including hemodynamics and LV function were similar between groups. Peak circulating metformin concentrations of 374±35 µmol/L were achieved 15 minutes after reperfusion. There was no difference between the area-at-risk as a percent of LV mass by computed tomography (vehicle: 20.7%±1.1% versus metformin: 19.7%±1.3%; P=0.59) or postmortem pathology (22.4%±1.2% versus 20.2%±1.2%; P=0.21). IS relative to area-at-risk averaged 44.5%±5.0% in vehicle-treated versus 38.2%±6.8% in metformin-treated animals ( P=0.46). There was no difference in global function 7 days after myocardial infarction as assessed by echocardiography or computed tomographic ejection fraction (56.2%±2.6% versus 56.3%±2.4%; P=0.98). CONCLUSIONS In contrast to rodent hearts, postconditioning with high-dose metformin administered immediately before reperfusion does not reduce IS or improve LV function 7 days after myocardial infarction in swine. These results reinforce the importance of rigorously testing therapies in large animal models to facilitate clinical translation of novel cardioprotective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Techiryan
- From the VA WNY Health Care System and the Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Physiology and Biophysics, and Biomedical Engineering, and the Clinical and Translational Research Center of the University at Buffalo, NY
| | - Brian R Weil
- From the VA WNY Health Care System and the Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Physiology and Biophysics, and Biomedical Engineering, and the Clinical and Translational Research Center of the University at Buffalo, NY
| | - Beth A Palka
- From the VA WNY Health Care System and the Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Physiology and Biophysics, and Biomedical Engineering, and the Clinical and Translational Research Center of the University at Buffalo, NY
| | - John M Canty
- From the VA WNY Health Care System and the Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Physiology and Biophysics, and Biomedical Engineering, and the Clinical and Translational Research Center of the University at Buffalo, NY
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Baehr A, Klymiuk N, Kupatt C. Evaluating Novel Targets of Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Pig Models. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4749. [PMID: 31557793 PMCID: PMC6801853 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary heart diseases are of high relevance for health care systems in developed countries regarding patient numbers and costs. Disappointingly, the enormous effort put into the development of innovative therapies and the high numbers of clinical studies conducted are counteracted by the low numbers of therapies that become clinically effective. Evidently, pre-clinical research in its present form does not appear informative of the performance of treatments in the clinic and, even more relevant, it appears that there is hardly any consent about how to improve the predictive capacity of pre-clinical experiments. According to the steadily increasing relevance that pig models have gained in biomedical research in the recent past, we anticipate that research in pigs can be highly predictive for ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) therapies as well. Thus, we here describe the significance of pig models in IRI, give an overview about recent developments in evaluating such models by clinically relevant methods and present the latest insight into therapies applied to pigs under IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Baehr
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Internal Medicine I, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany.
| | - Nikolai Klymiuk
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Internal Medicine I, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany.
| | - Christian Kupatt
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Internal Medicine I, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany.
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Chiari P, Durand M, Desebbe O, Fischer MO, Lena-Quintard D, Palao JC, Mercier C, Samson G, Varillon Y, Pozzi M, Mewton N, Maucort-Boulch D, Ovize M, Fellahi JL. Multimodal cardioprotective strategy in cardiac surgery (the ProCCard trial): Study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Trials 2019; 20:560. [PMID: 31511041 PMCID: PMC6737694 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-3638-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial damage in patients undergoing cardiac surgery increases both morbidity and mortality. Different protective strategies dealing with either preconditioning or postconditioning or assessing a single aspect of cardioprotection have shown conflicting results. We tested the hypothesis that a multimodal approach would improve cardioprotection and limit myocardial damage following cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. METHODS This study is a pragmatic multicenter (six French institutions), prospective, randomized, single-blinded, controlled trial. The randomization is stratified by centers. In the study, 210 patients scheduled for aortic valve surgery with or without coronary artery bypass grafting will be assigned to a control or a treatment group (105 patients in each group). In the control group, patients receive total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and liberal intraoperative blood glucose management (initiation of insulin infusion when blood glucose, measured every 60 min, is greater than 180 mg/dl), as a standard of care. The treatment group receives a bundle of care combining five techniques of cardioprotection: (1) remote ischemic preconditioning applied before aortic cross-clamping; (2) maintenance of anesthesia with sevoflurane; (3) tight intraoperative blood glucose management (initiation of insulin infusion when blood glucose, measured every 30 min, is greater than 140 mg/dl); (4) moderate respiratory acidosis (pH 7.30) at the end of cardiopulmonary bypass; and (5) a gentle reperfusion protocol following aortic unclamping. The primary outcome is myocardial damage measured by postoperative 72-h area under the curve of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I. DISCUSSION The ProCCard study will be the first multicenter randomized controlled trial aiming to assess the role of a bundle of care combining several cardioprotective strategies to reduce myocardial damage in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03230136 . Registered on July 26, 2017. Last updated on April 17, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Chiari
- Service d’Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69677 Lyon, France
- Inserm U1060, Laboratoire CarMeN, IHU OPeRa, F-69394 Lyon, France
| | - Michel Durand
- Pole d’Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Albert Michallon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble-Alpes, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Desebbe
- Service d’Anesthésie-Réanimation, Clinique de la Sauvegarde, Ramsay Générale de Santé, F-69009 Lyon, France
| | - Marc-Olivier Fischer
- Service d’Anesthésie-Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, F-14033 Caen, France
- Université de Normandie, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| | - Diane Lena-Quintard
- Service d’Anesthésie-Réanimation, Institut Arnault Tzanck, F-06721 Saint Laurent du Var, France
| | - Jean-Charles Palao
- Service d’Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Nord, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint Etienne, F-42277 Saint Etienne, France
| | - Catherine Mercier
- Service de Biostatistique - Bioinformatique, Pôle Santé Publique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, France
- Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
- CNRS, UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, Équipe Biostatistique-Santé, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Géraldine Samson
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique de Lyon (CIC 1407 Inserm), Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69677 Lyon, France
| | - Yvonne Varillon
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique de Lyon (CIC 1407 Inserm), Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69677 Lyon, France
| | - Matteo Pozzi
- Service de Chirurgie Cardiaque, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69677 Lyon, France
| | - Nathan Mewton
- Inserm U1060, Laboratoire CarMeN, IHU OPeRa, F-69394 Lyon, France
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique de Lyon (CIC 1407 Inserm), Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69677 Lyon, France
- Service d’Insuffisance Cardiaque, Lyon, France
| | - Delphine Maucort-Boulch
- Service de Biostatistique - Bioinformatique, Pôle Santé Publique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, France
- Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
- CNRS, UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, Équipe Biostatistique-Santé, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Michel Ovize
- Inserm U1060, Laboratoire CarMeN, IHU OPeRa, F-69394 Lyon, France
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique de Lyon (CIC 1407 Inserm), Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69677 Lyon, France
- Service d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaires, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Luc Fellahi
- Service d’Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69677 Lyon, France
- Inserm U1060, Laboratoire CarMeN, IHU OPeRa, F-69394 Lyon, France
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Long Noncoding Competing Endogenous RNA Networks in Age-Associated Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20123079. [PMID: 31238513 PMCID: PMC6627372 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most serious health problem in the world, displaying high rates of morbidity and mortality. One of the main risk factors for CVDs is age. Indeed, several mechanisms are at play during aging, determining the functional decline of the cardiovascular system. Aging cells and tissues are characterized by diminished autophagy, causing the accumulation of damaged proteins and mitochondria, as well as by increased levels of oxidative stress, apoptosis, senescence and inflammation. These processes can induce a rapid deterioration of cellular quality-control systems. However, the molecular mechanisms of age-associated CVDs are only partially known, hampering the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Evidence has emerged indicating that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) and micro RNAs (miRNAs), are implicated in most patho-physiological mechanisms. Specifically, lncRNAs can bind miRNAs and act as competing endogenous-RNAs (ceRNAs), therefore modulating the levels of the mRNAs targeted by the sponged miRNA. These complex lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA networks, by regulating autophagy, apoptosis, necrosis, senescence and inflammation, play a crucial role in the development of age-dependent CVDs. In this review, the emerging knowledge on lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA networks will be summarized and the way in which they influence age-related CVDs development will be discussed.
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Ince S. David Lefer. Circ Res 2019; 124:1413-1416. [PMID: 31070999 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Exosomal Expression of CXCR4 Targets Cardioprotective Vesicles to Myocardial Infarction and Improves Outcome after Systemic Administration. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030468. [PMID: 30678240 PMCID: PMC6386845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy has been evaluated to enhance heart function after injury. Delivered cells mostly act via paracrine mechanisms, including secreted growth factors, cytokines, and vesicles, such as exosomes (Exo). Intramyocardial injection of cardiac-resident progenitor cells (CPC)-derived Exo reduced scarring and improved cardiac function after myocardial infarction in rats. Here, we explore a clinically relevant approach to enhance the homing process to cardiomyocytes (CM), which is crucial for therapeutic efficacy upon systemic delivery of Exo. By overexpressing exosomal CXCR4, we increased the efficacy of plasmatic injection of cardioprotective Exo-CPC by increasing their bioavailability to ischemic hearts. Intravenous injection of ExoCXCR4 significantly reduced infarct size and improved left ventricle ejection fraction at 4 weeks compared to ExoCTRL (p < 0.01). Hemodynamic measurements showed that ExoCXCR4 improved dp/dt min, as compared to ExoCTRL and PBS group. In vitro, ExoCXCR4 was more bioactive than ExoCTRL in preventing CM death. This in vitro effect was independent from SDF-1α, as shown by using AMD3100 as specific CXCR4 antagonist. We showed, for the first time, that systemic administration of Exo derived from CXCR4-overexpressing CPC improves heart function in a rat model of ischemia reperfusion injury These data represent a substantial step toward clinical application of Exo-based therapeutics in cardiovascular disease.
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Polhemus DJ, Trivedi RK, Sharp TE, Li Z, Goodchild TT, Scarborough A, de Couto G, Marbán E, Lefer DJ. Repeated cell transplantation and adjunct renal denervation in ischemic heart failure: exploring modalities for improving cell therapy efficacy. Basic Res Cardiol 2019; 114:9. [PMID: 30656501 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-019-0718-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Enthusiasm for cell therapy for myocardial injury has waned due to equivocal benefits in clinical trials. In an attempt to improve efficacy, we investigated repeated cell therapy and adjunct renal denervation (RDN) as strategies for augmenting cardioprotection with cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs). We hypothesized that combining CDC post-conditioning with repeated CDC doses or delayed RDN therapy would result in superior function and remodeling. Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats or spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were subjected to 45 min of coronary artery ligation followed by reperfusion for 12-14 weeks. In the first study arm, SHR were treated with CDCs (0.5 × 106 i.c.) or PBS 20 min following reperfusion, or additionally treated with CDCs (1.0 × 106 i.v.) at 2, 4, and 8 weeks. In the second arm, at 4 weeks following myocardial infarction (MI), SHR received CDCs (0.5 × 106 i.c.) or CDCs + RDN. In the third arm, WKY rats were treated with i.c. CDCs administered 20 min following reperfusion and RDN or a sham at 4 weeks. Early i.c. + multiple i.v. dosing, but not single i.c. dosing, of CDCs improved long-term left ventricular (LV) function, but not remodeling. Delayed CDC + RDN therapy was not superior to single-dose delayed CDC therapy. Early CDC + delayed RDN therapy improved LV ejection fraction and remodeling compared to both CDCs alone and RDN alone. Given that both RDN and CDCs are currently in the clinic, our findings motivate further translation targeting a heart failure indication with combined approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Polhemus
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, LSU Health Sciences Center, 533 Bolivar St., Suite 408, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Rishi K Trivedi
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, LSU Health Sciences Center, 533 Bolivar St., Suite 408, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Thomas E Sharp
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, LSU Health Sciences Center, 533 Bolivar St., Suite 408, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Zhen Li
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, LSU Health Sciences Center, 533 Bolivar St., Suite 408, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Traci T Goodchild
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, LSU Health Sciences Center, 533 Bolivar St., Suite 408, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Amy Scarborough
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, LSU Health Sciences Center, 533 Bolivar St., Suite 408, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Geoffrey de Couto
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eduardo Marbán
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David J Lefer
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, LSU Health Sciences Center, 533 Bolivar St., Suite 408, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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Zheng Y, Shi B, Ma M, Wu X, Lin X. The novel relationship between Sirt3 and autophagy in myocardial ischemia–reperfusion. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:5488-5495. [PMID: 30485429 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Zheng
- Cardiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei City, Anhui Province China
| | - Binhao Shi
- Cardiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei City, Anhui Province China
| | - Mengqing Ma
- Cardiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei City, Anhui Province China
| | - Xiaoqin Wu
- Cardiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei City, Anhui Province China
| | - Xianhe Lin
- Cardiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei City, Anhui Province China
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44
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Mendoza-Torres E, Riquelme JA, Vielma A, Sagredo AR, Gabrielli L, Bravo-Sagua R, Jalil JE, Rothermel BA, Sanchez G, Ocaranza MP, Lavandero S. Protection of the myocardium against ischemia/reperfusion injury by angiotensin-(1–9) through an AT2R and Akt-dependent mechanism. Pharmacol Res 2018; 135:112-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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45
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Li T, Su Y, Yu X, Mouniir DSA, Masau JF, Wei X, Yang J. Trop2 Guarantees Cardioprotective Effects of Cortical Bone-Derived Stem Cells on Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:1256-1268. [PMID: 30008230 PMCID: PMC6434467 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718786882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation represents a promising therapeutic approach for myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, where cortical bone-derived stem cells (CBSCs) stand out and hold superior cardioprotective effects on myocardial infarction than other types of stem cells. However, the molecular mechanism underlying CBSCs function on myocardial I/R injury is poorly understood. In a previous study, we reported that Trop2 (trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2) is expressed exclusively on the CBSCs membrane, and is involved in regulation of proliferation and differentiation of CBSCs. In this study, we found that the Trop2 is essential for the ameliorative effects of CBSCs on myocardial I/R-induced heart damage via promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting cardiomyocytes apoptosis in a paracrine manner. Trop2 is required for the colonization of CBSCs in recipient hearts. When Trop2 was knocked out, CBSCs largely lost their functions in lowering myocardial infarction size, improving heart function, enhancing capillary density, and suppressing myocardial cell death. Mechanistically, activating the AKT/GSK3β/β-Catenin signaling axis contributes to the essential role of Trop2 in CBSCs-rendered cardioprotective effects on myocardial I/R injury. In conclusion, maintaining the expression and/or activation of Trop2 in CBSCs might be a promising strategy for treating myocardial infarction, I/R injury, and other related heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Li
- 1 Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,2 Division of Trauma Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yunshu Su
- 1 Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiongli Yu
- 3 Division of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Endoscopy Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Durgahee S A Mouniir
- 1 Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jackson Ferdinand Masau
- 1 Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- 1 Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianye Yang
- 1 Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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46
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Gan XT, Karmazyn M. Cardioprotection by ginseng: experimental and clinical evidence and underlying mechanisms. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 96:859-868. [PMID: 29940129 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Protection of the ischemic and reperfused myocardium represents a major therapeutic challenge. Translating results from animal studies to the clinical setting has been disappointing, yet the need for effective intervention, particularly to limit heart damage following infarction or surgical procedures such as coronary artery bypass grafting, is substantial. Among the many compounds touted as cardioprotective agents is ginseng, a medicinal herb belonging to the genus Panax, which has been used as a medicinal agent for thousands of years, particularly in Asian societies. The biological actions of ginseng are very complex and reflect composition of many bioactive components, although many of the biological and therapeutic effects of ginseng have been attributed to the presence of steroid-like saponins termed ginsenosides. Both ginseng and many ginsenosides have been shown to exert cardioprotective properties in experimental models. There is also clinical evidence that traditional Chinese medications containing ginseng exert cardioprotective properties, although such clinical evidence is less robust primarily owing to the paucity of large-scale clinical trials. Here, we discuss the experimental and clinical evidence for ginseng, ginsenosides, and ginseng-containing formulations as cardioprotective agents against ischemic and reperfusion injury. We further discuss potential mechanisms, particularly as these relate to antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Tracey Gan
- University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6G 2X6, Canada.,University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6G 2X6, Canada
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47
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Tang JN, Cores J, Huang K, Cui XL, Luo L, Zhang JY, Li TS, Qian L, Cheng K. Concise Review: Is Cardiac Cell Therapy Dead? Embarrassing Trial Outcomes and New Directions for the Future. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018; 7:354-359. [PMID: 29468830 PMCID: PMC5866934 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is a promising strategy for tissue regeneration. The therapeutic benefits of cell therapy are mediated by both direct and indirect mechanisms. However, the application of stem cell therapy in the clinic is hampered by several limitations. This concise review provides a brief introduction into stem cell therapies for ischemic heart disease. It summarizes cell‐based and cell‐free paradigms, their limitations, and the benefits of using them to target disease. stemcellstranslationalmedicine2018;7:354–359
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Nan Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.,Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jhon Cores
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.,Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ke Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xiao-Lin Cui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Lan Luo
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Jin-Ying Zhang
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tao-Sheng Li
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Li Qian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.,Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.,Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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48
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Wang X, Xu L, Gillette TG, Jiang X, Wang ZV. The unfolded protein response in ischemic heart disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 117:19-25. [PMID: 29470977 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is a severe stress condition that causes extensive pathological alterations and triggers cardiac cell death. Accumulating evidence suggests that the unfolded protein response (UPR) is strongly induced by myocardial ischemia. The UPR is an evolutionarily conserved cellular response to cope with protein-folding stress, from yeast to mammals. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transmembrane sensors detect the accumulation of unfolded proteins and stimulate a signaling network to accommodate unfolded and misfolded proteins. Distinct mechanisms participate in the activation of three major signal pathways, viz. protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase, inositol-requiring protein 1, and activating transcription factor 6, to transiently suppress protein translation, enhance protein folding capacity of the ER, and augment ER-associated degradation to refold denatured proteins and restore cellular homeostasis. However, if the stress is severe and persistent, the UPR elicits inflammatory and apoptotic pathways to eliminate terminally affected cells. The ER is therefore recognized as a vitally important organelle that determines cell survival or death. Recent studies indicate the UPR plays critical roles in the pathophysiology of ischemic heart disease. The three signaling branches may elicit distinct but overlapping effects in cardiac response to ischemia. Here, we outline the findings and discuss the mechanisms of action and therapeutic potentials of the UPR in the treatment of ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoding Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Thomas G Gillette
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhao V Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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49
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Steppan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Dan E Berkowitz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Daniel Nyhan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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50
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Kim YS, Ahn Y. Functional Relevance of Macrophage-mediated Inflammation to Cardiac Regeneration. Chonnam Med J 2018; 54:10-16. [PMID: 29399560 PMCID: PMC5794473 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2018.54.1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide and regenerative medicine is a promising therapeutic option for this disease. We have developed various techniques to attenuate the cardiac remodeling and to regenerate cardiovascular systems via stem cell application. Besides cell therapy, we are interested in the modulation of pathological inflammation mediated by macrophages in the damaged heart tissue to arouse endogenous reparative responses with biocompatible small molecules. Certainly, current understanding of mechanisms of tissue regeneration will lead to the development of innovative regenerative medicine for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Sook Kim
- Biomedical Research Institute, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.,Cell Regeneration Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Youngkeun Ahn
- Cell Regeneration Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.,Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
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