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Tejera-Muñoz A, Cortés M, Rodriguez-Rodriguez A, Tejedor-Santamaria L, Marchant V, Rayego-Mateos S, Gimeno-Longas MJ, Leask A, Nguyen TQ, Martín M, Tuñón J, Rodríguez I, Ruiz-Ortega M, Rodrigues-Díez RR. Ccn2 Deletion Reduces Cardiac Dysfunction, Oxidative Markers, and Fibrosis Induced by Doxorubicin Administration in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9617. [PMID: 39273564 PMCID: PMC11394698 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular Communication Network Factor 2 (CCN2) is a matricellular protein implicated in cell communication and microenvironmental signaling. Overexpression of CCN2 has been documented in various cardiovascular pathologies, wherein it may exert either deleterious or protective effects depending on the pathological context, thereby suggesting that its role in the cardiovascular system is not yet fully elucidated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of Ccn2 gene deletion on the progression of acute cardiac injury induced by doxorubicin (DOX), a widely utilized chemotherapeutic agent. To this end, we employed conditional knockout (KO) mice for the Ccn2 gene (CCN2-KO), which were administered DOX and compared to DOX-treated wild-type (WT) control mice. Our findings demonstrated that the ablation of CCN2 ameliorated DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction, as evidenced by improvements in ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) of the left ventricle. Furthermore, DOX-treated CCN2-KO mice exhibited a significant reduction in the gene expression and activation of oxidative stress markers (Hmox1 and Nfe2l2/NRF2) relative to DOX-treated WT controls. Additionally, the deletion of Ccn2 markedly attenuated DOX-induced cardiac fibrosis. Collectively, these results suggest that CCN2 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of DOX-mediated cardiotoxicity by modulating oxidative stress and fibrotic pathways. These findings provide a novel avenue for future investigations to explore the therapeutic potential of targeting CCN2 in the prevention of DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Tejera-Muñoz
- Research Unit, Complejo Hospitalario La Mancha Centro, 13600 Alcázar de San Juan, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), 45004 Toledo, Spain
| | - Marcelino Cortés
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Lucia Tejedor-Santamaria
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- RICORS2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa Marchant
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- RICORS2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- RICORS2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria José Gimeno-Longas
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrew Leask
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, 105 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E4, Canada
| | - Tri Q Nguyen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - María Martín
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Cardiac Pathology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jose Tuñón
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Rodríguez
- Cardiac Pathology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- RICORS2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raul R Rodrigues-Díez
- RICORS2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Lin YM, Zhang K, Geesala R, Lipson KE, Qiu S, Powell DW, Cohn S, Shi XZ. Mechanical stress-induced connective tissue growth factor plays a critical role in intestinal fibrosis in Crohn's-like colitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 327:G295-G305. [PMID: 38954823 PMCID: PMC11427090 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00123.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by transmural inflammation and intestinal fibrosis. Mechanisms of fibrosis in CD are not well understood. Transmural inflammation is associated with inflammatory cell infiltration, stenosis, and distention, which present mechanical stress (MS) to the bowel wall. We hypothesize that MS induces gene expression of profibrotic mediators such as connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), which may contribute to fibrosis in CD. A rodent model of CD was induced by intracolonic instillation of TNBS to the distal colon. TNBS instillation induced a localized transmural inflammation (site I), with a distended colon segment (site P) proximal to site I. We detected significant fibrosis and collagen content not only in site I but also in site P in CD rats by day 7. CTGF expression increased significantly in sites P and I, but not in the segment distal to the inflammation site. Increased CTGF expression was detected mainly in the smooth muscle cells (SMCs). When rats were fed exclusively with clear liquid diet to prevent mechanical distention in colitis, expression of CTGF in sites P and I was blocked. Direct stretch led to robust expression of CTGF in colonic SMC. Treatment of CD rats with anti-CTGF antibody FG-3149 reduced fibrosis and collagen content in both sites P and I and exhibited consistent trends toward normalizing expression of collagen mRNAs. In conclusion, our studies suggest that mechanical stress, by upregulating profibrotic mediators, i.e., CTGF, may play a critical role in fibrosis in CD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We found that CTGF expression increased significantly not only in the inflammation site but in the distended segment proximal to inflammation in a rodent model of CD-like colitis. Release of mechanical distention prevented CTGF expression in CD rats, whereas direct stretch induced CTGF expression. Treatment with anti-CTGF antibody reduced fibrosis and collagen contents in CD rats. Thus, mechanical stress, via upregulating profibrotic mediators, i.e., CTGF, may play a critical role in fibrosis in CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Min Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, John Sealy School of Medicine, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, John Sealy School of Medicine, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Ramasatyaveni Geesala
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, John Sealy School of Medicine, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | | | - Suimin Qiu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, John Sealy School of Medicine, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Don W Powell
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, John Sealy School of Medicine, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Steven Cohn
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, John Sealy School of Medicine, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Xuan-Zheng Shi
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, John Sealy School of Medicine, Galveston, Texas, United States
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Humeres C, Shinde AV, Tuleta I, Hernandez SC, Hanna A, Huang S, Venugopal H, Aguilan JT, Conway SJ, Sidoli S, Frangogiannis NG. Fibroblast Smad7 Induction Protects the Remodeling Pressure-Overloaded Heart. Circ Res 2024; 135:453-469. [PMID: 38899461 PMCID: PMC11257802 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac fibroblast activation contributes to adverse remodeling, fibrosis, and dysfunction in the pressure-overloaded heart. Although early fibroblast TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β)/Smad (small mother against decapentaplegic)-3 activation protects the pressure-overloaded heart by preserving the matrix, sustained TGF-β activation is deleterious, accentuating fibrosis and dysfunction. Thus, endogenous mechanisms that negatively regulate the TGF-β response in fibroblasts may be required to protect from progressive fibrosis and adverse remodeling. We hypothesized that Smad7, an inhibitory Smad that restrains TGF-β signaling, may be induced in the pressure-overloaded myocardium and may regulate fibrosis, remodeling, and dysfunction. METHODS The effects of myofibroblast-specific Smad7 loss were studied in a mouse model of transverse aortic constriction, using echocardiography, histological analysis, and molecular analysis. Proteomic studies in S7KO (Smad7 knockout) and overexpressing cells were used to identify fibroblast-derived mediators modulated by Smad7. In vitro experiments using cultured cardiac fibroblasts, fibroblasts populating collagen lattices, and isolated macrophages were used to dissect the molecular signals responsible for the effects of Smad7. RESULTS Following pressure overload, Smad7 was upregulated in cardiac myofibroblasts. TGF-β and angiotensin II stimulated fibroblast Smad7 upregulation via Smad3, whereas GDF15 (growth differentiation factor 15) induced Smad7 through GFRAL (glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor α-like). MFS7KO (myofibroblast-specific S7KO) mice had increased mortality, accentuated systolic dysfunction and dilative remodeling, and accelerated diastolic dysfunction in response to transverse aortic constriction. Increased dysfunction in MFS7KO hearts was associated with accentuated fibrosis and increased MMP (matrix metalloproteinase)-2 activity and collagen denaturation. Secretomic analysis showed that Smad7 loss accentuates secretion of structural collagens and matricellular proteins and markedly increases MMP2 secretion. In contrast, Smad7 overexpression reduced MMP2 levels. In fibroblasts populating collagen lattices, the effects of Smad7 on fibroblast-induced collagen denaturation and pad contraction were partly mediated via MMP2 downregulation. Surprisingly, MFS7KO mice also exhibited significant macrophage expansion caused by paracrine actions of Smad7 null fibroblasts that stimulate macrophage proliferation and fibrogenic activation. Macrophage activation involved the combined effects of the fibroblast-derived matricellular proteins CD5L (CD5 antigen-like), SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine), CTGF (connective tissue growth factor), ECM1 (extracellular matrix protein 1), and TGFBI (TGFB induced). CONCLUSIONS The antifibrotic effects of Smad7 in the pressure-overloaded heart protect from dysfunction and involve not only reduction in collagen deposition but also suppression of MMP2-mediated matrix denaturation and paracrine effects that suppress macrophage activation through inhibition of matricellular proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Humeres
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
| | - Arti V Shinde
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
| | - Izabela Tuleta
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
| | - Silvia C Hernandez
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
| | - Anis Hanna
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
| | - Shuaibo Huang
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
| | - Harikrishnan Venugopal
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
| | - Jennifer T Aguilan
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY
| | - Simon J Conway
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
| | - Simone Sidoli
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY
| | - Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN
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Rodrigues-Díez R, Tejera-Muñoz A, Rodrigues-Diez RR. A new procedure to induce aortic aneurysms in mice. Methods Cell Biol 2024; 188:61-71. [PMID: 38880528 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Aortic aneurysms (AAs) are a major public health challenge, featured by a progressive impairs in aortic wall integrity that drives to aortic dilation and, in end stage, to its rupture. Despite important advances in the surgical treatment of aortic aneurysms, there is currently no pharmacological intervention that prevents their development, reduces their expansion, or avoids their rupture. In addition to classic risk factors such age or gender, several heritable connective tissue disorders have been associated with AA developing, highlighting the role of extracellular matrix (ECM) genes alterations in the developing of AA. In this sense, we have recently demonstrated that global deletion of the cellular communicating network factor 2 (CCN2), previously known as connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) due to its role in the extracellular matrix formation, predisposes to early and lethal AAs development after Angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion in mice. Here, we detail the protocol to induce and detect AAs generation in inducible global CCN2 knockout mice after Ang II infusion which allow the characterization of CCN role in AA development and may help to the development of pharmacological target for AA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Rodrigues-Díez
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antonio Tejera-Muñoz
- Research Support Unit, Hospital General Mancha Centro, Alcázar de San Juan, Spain; Health Research Institute of Castilla-La Mancha, IDISCAM, Tomelloso, Spain
| | - Raúl R Rodrigues-Diez
- Translational Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias ISPA, Oviedo, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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Suominen A, Saldo Rubio G, Ruohonen S, Szabó Z, Pohjolainen L, Ghimire B, Ruohonen ST, Saukkonen K, Ijas J, Skarp S, Kaikkonen L, Cai M, Wardlaw SL, Ruskoaho H, Talman V, Savontaus E, Kerkelä R, Rinne P. α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone alleviates pathological cardiac remodeling via melanocortin 5 receptor. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:1987-2014. [PMID: 38454158 PMCID: PMC11014855 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00109-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) regulates diverse physiological functions by activating melanocortin receptors (MC-R). However, the role of α-MSH and its possible target receptors in the heart remain completely unknown. Here we investigate whether α-MSH could be involved in pathological cardiac remodeling. We found that α-MSH was highly expressed in the mouse heart with reduced ventricular levels after transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Administration of a stable α-MSH analog protected mice against TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy and systolic dysfunction. In vitro experiments revealed that MC5-R in cardiomyocytes mediates the anti-hypertrophic signaling of α-MSH. Silencing of MC5-R in cardiomyocytes induced hypertrophy and fibrosis markers in vitro and aggravated TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in vivo. Conversely, pharmacological activation of MC5-R improved systolic function and reduced cardiac fibrosis in TAC-operated mice. In conclusion, α-MSH is expressed in the heart and protects against pathological cardiac remodeling by activating MC5-R in cardiomyocytes. These results suggest that analogs of naturally occurring α-MSH, that have been recently approved for clinical use and have agonistic activity at MC5-R, may be of benefit in treating heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Suominen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Drug Research Doctoral Programme (DRDP), University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Guillem Saldo Rubio
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Saku Ruohonen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Zoltán Szabó
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Lotta Pohjolainen
- Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bishwa Ghimire
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Suvi T Ruohonen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Karla Saukkonen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jani Ijas
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sini Skarp
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Leena Kaikkonen
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Minying Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Sharon L Wardlaw
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Heikki Ruskoaho
- Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Virpi Talman
- Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eriika Savontaus
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Risto Kerkelä
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Petteri Rinne
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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Nettersheim FS, Schlüter JD, Kreuzberg W, Mehrkens D, Grimm S, Nemade H, Braumann S, Hof A, Guthoff H, Peters V, Hoyer FF, Kargapolova Y, Lackmann JW, Müller S, Pallasch CP, Hallek M, Sachinidis A, Adam M, Winkels H, Baldus S, Geißen S, Mollenhauer M. Myeloperoxidase is a critical mediator of anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy. Basic Res Cardiol 2023; 118:36. [PMID: 37656254 PMCID: PMC10474188 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-01006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity is a major complication of anthracycline therapy that negatively impacts prognosis. Effective pharmacotherapies for prevention of anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy (AICM) are currently lacking. Increased plasma levels of the neutrophil-derived enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) predict occurrence of AICM in humans. We hypothesized that MPO release causally contributes to AICM. Mice intravenously injected with the anthracycline doxorubicin (DOX) exhibited higher neutrophil counts and MPO levels in the circulation and cardiac tissue compared to saline (NaCl)-treated controls. Neutrophil-like HL-60 cells exhibited increased MPO release upon exposition to DOX. DOX induced extensive nitrosative stress in cardiac tissue alongside with increased carbonylation of sarcomeric proteins in wildtype but not in Mpo-/- mice. Accordingly, co-treatment of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) with DOX and MPO aggravated loss of hiPSC-CM-contractility compared to DOX treatment alone. DOX-treated animals exhibited pronounced cardiac apoptosis and inflammation, which was attenuated in MPO-deficient animals. Finally, genetic MPO deficiency and pharmacological MPO inhibition protected mice from the development of AICM. The anticancer efficacy of DOX was unaffected by MPO deficiency. Herein we identify MPO as a critical mediator of AICM. We demonstrate that DOX induces cardiac neutrophil infiltration and release of MPO, which directly impairs cardiac contractility through promoting oxidation of sarcomeric proteins, cardiac inflammation and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. MPO thus emerges as a promising pharmacological target for prevention of AICM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Sebastian Nettersheim
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Johannes David Schlüter
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wiebke Kreuzberg
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dennis Mehrkens
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Simon Grimm
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Harshal Nemade
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Simon Braumann
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Hof
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Guthoff
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Vera Peters
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Friedrich Felix Hoyer
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yulia Kargapolova
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan-Wilm Lackmann
- CECAD, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Müller
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian P Pallasch
- CECAD, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Köln-Bonn, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Hallek
- CECAD, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Köln-Bonn, Cologne, Germany
| | - Agapios Sachinidis
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matti Adam
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Holger Winkels
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephan Baldus
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Simon Geißen
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Mollenhauer
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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7
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Connolly AM, Zaidman CM, Brandsema JF, Phan HC, Tian C, Zhang X, Li J, Eisner MD, Carrier E. Pamrevlumab, a Fully Human Monoclonal Antibody Targeting Connective Tissue Growth Factor, for Non-Ambulatory Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. J Neuromuscul Dis 2023:JND230019. [PMID: 37248912 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-230019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a neuromuscular disease stemming from dystrophin gene mutations. Lack of dystrophin leads to progressive muscle damage and replacement of muscle with fibrotic and adipose tissue. Pamrevlumab (FG-3019), a fully human monoclonal antibody that binds to connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), is in Phase III development for treatment of DMD and other diseases. METHODS MISSION (Study 079; NCT02606136) was an open-label, Phase II, single-arm trial of pamrevlumab in 21 non-ambulatory patients with DMD (aged≥12 years, receiving corticosteroids) who received 35-mg/kg intravenous infusions every 2 weeks for 2 years. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in percent predicted forced vital capacity (ppFVC). Secondary endpoints included other pulmonary function tests, upper limb function and strength assessments, and changes in upper arm fat and fibrosis scores on magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS Fifteen patients completed the trial. Annual change from baseline (SE) in ppFVC was -4.2 (0.7) (95% CI -5.5, -2.8). Rate of decline in ppFVC in pamrevlumab-treated patients was slower than observed in historical published trials of non-ambulatory patients. MISSION participants experienced slower-than-anticipated muscle function declines compared with natural history and historical published trials of non-ambulatory patients with DMD. Pamrevlumab was well-tolerated. Treatment-emergent adverse events were mild to moderate, and none led to study discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS nti-CTGF therapy with pamrevlumab represents a potential treatment for DMD. The lack of internal control group limits the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Connolly
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Craig M Zaidman
- Department of Neurology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John F Brandsema
- Division of Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Han C Phan
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cuixia Tian
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Jack Li
- FibroGen, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
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8
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Dong XL, Yuan BH, Yu SZ, Liu H, Pan XH, Sun J, Pan LL. Adriamycin induces cardiac fibrosis in mice via PRMT5-mediated cardiac fibroblast activation. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:573-583. [PMID: 36056082 PMCID: PMC9958096 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00963-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term treatment with adriamycin (ADR) is associated with higher incidences of cumulative cardiotoxicity manifest as heart failure. ADR-induced cardiomyopathy is characterized by extensive fibrosis that is caused by cardiac fibroblast activation. To date, however, no specific treatment is available to alleviate ADR-induced cardiotoxicity. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), a major enzyme responsible for methylation of arginine, regulates numerous cellular processes such as cell differentiation. In the present study we investigated the role of PRMT5 in cardiac fibrosis. Mice were administered ADR (3 mg/kg, i.p., every 2 days) for 2 weeks. We showed that aberrant PRMT5 expression was largely co-localized with α-SMA-positive activated cardiac fibroblasts in ADR-injected mice and in ADR-treated cardiac fibroblasts in vitro. PRMT5-overexpression exacerbated, whereas PRMT5 knockdown alleviated ADR-induced cardiac fibrosis in vivo and TGF-β1-induced cardiac fibroblast activation in vitro. We demonstrated that PRMT5-overexpression enhanced methylated-Smad3 levels in vivo and in vitro. Pretreatment with a specific PRMT5 inhibitor EPZ015666 (5 nM) or overexpression of a catalytically inactive mutant of PRMT5, PRMT5(E444Q), reduced PRMT5-induced methylation of Smad3, thus suppressing PRMT5-mediated cardiac fibroblast activation in vitro. Furthermore, ADR activated cardiac fibroblasts was depending on autocrine TGF-β1. Taken together, our results demonstrate that PRMT5 promotes ADR-induced cardiac fibrosis via activating cardiac fibroblasts, suggesting that it may be a potential therapeutic target of ADR-caused cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Liang Dong
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Bao-Hui Yuan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Sheng-Zhou Yu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - He Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Pan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jia Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Li-Long Pan
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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9
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Tejera-Muñoz A, Rodríguez I, Del Río-García Á, Mohamedi Y, Martín M, Chiminazzo V, Suárez-Álvarez B, López-Larrea C, Ruiz-Ortega M, Rodrigues-Díez RR. The CCN2 Polymorphism rs12526196 Is a Risk Factor for Ascending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315406. [PMID: 36499730 PMCID: PMC9740045 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular communication network factor 2 (CCN2/CTGF) has been traditionally described as a downstream mediator of other profibrotic factors including transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and angiotensin II. However, recent evidence from our group demonstrated the direct role of CCN2 in maintaining aortic wall homeostasis and acute and lethal aortic aneurysm development induced by angiotensin II in the absence of CCN2 in mice. In order to translate these findings to humans, we evaluated the potential association between three polymorphisms in the CCN2 gene and the presence of a thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). Patients with and without TAA retrospectively selected were genotyped for rs6918698, rs9402373 and rs12526196 polymorphisms related to the CCN2 gene. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed. In our population of 366 patients (69 with TAA), no associations were found between rs6918698 and rs9402373 and TAA. However, the presence of one C allele from rs12526196 was associated with TAA comparing with the TT genotype, independently of risk factors such as sex, age, hypertension, type of valvulopathy and the presence of a bicuspid aortic valve (OR = 3.17; 95% CI = 1.30-7.88; p = 0.011). In conclusion, we demonstrated an association between the C allele of rs12526196 in the CCN2 gene and the presence of TAA. This study extrapolates to humans the relevance of CCN2 in aortic aneurysm observed in mice and postulates, for the first time, a potential protective role to CCN2 in aortic aneurysm pathology. Our results encourage future research to explore new variants in the CCN2 gene that could be predisposed to TAA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Tejera-Muñoz
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Av Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Research Support Unit, Hospital General Mancha Centro, 13600 Alcázar de San Juan, Spain
| | - Isabel Rodríguez
- Cardiac Pathology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Álvaro Del Río-García
- Cardiac Pathology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Yamina Mohamedi
- Cardiac Pathology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - María Martín
- Cardiac Pathology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Valentina Chiminazzo
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Platform, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Suárez-Álvarez
- Translational Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carlos López-Larrea
- Translational Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Av Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.R.-O.); (R.R.R.-D.)
| | - Raúl R. Rodrigues-Díez
- Translational Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.R.-O.); (R.R.R.-D.)
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10
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Ni SH, OuYang XL, Liu X, Lin JH, Li Y, Sun SN, Deng JP, Han XW, Zhang XJ, Li H, Huang YS, Chen ZX, Lian ZM, Wang ZK, Long WJ, Wang LJ, Yang ZQ, Lu L. A molecular phenotypic screen reveals that lobetyolin alleviates cardiac dysfunction in 5/6 nephrectomized mice by inhibiting osteopontin. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 107:154412. [PMID: 36191549 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of mortality in patients with advanced chronic kidney diseases. The predominant abnormality observed among this population is cardiac dysfunction secondary to myocardial remodelings, such as hypertrophy and fibrosis, emphasizing the need to develop potent therapies that maintain cardiac function in patients with end-stage renal disease. AIMS To identify potential compounds and their targets as treatments for cardiorenal syndrome type 4 (CRS) using molecular phenotyping and in vivo/in vitro experiments. METHODS Gene expression was assessed using bioinformatics and verified in animal experiments using 5/6 nephrectomized mice (NPM). Based on this information, a molecular phenotyping strategy was pursued to screen potential compounds. Picrosirius red staining, wheat germ agglutinin staining, Echocardiography, immunofluorescence staining, and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) were utilized to evaluate the effects of compounds on CRS in vivo. Furthermore, qPCR, immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry were applied to assess the effects of these compounds on macrophages/cardiac fibroblasts/cardiomyocytes. RNA-Seq analysis was performed to locate the targets of the selected compounds. Western blotting was performed to validate the targets and mechanisms. The reversibility of these effects was tested by overexpressing Osteopontin (OPN). RESULTS OPN expression increased more remarkably in individuals with uremia-induced cardiac dysfunction than in other cardiomyopathies. Lobetyolin (LBT) was identified in the compound screen, and it improved cardiac dysfunction and suppressed remodeling in NPM mice. Additionally, OPN modulated the effect of LBT on cardiac dysfunction in vivo and in vitro. Further experiments revealed that LBT suppressed OPN expression via the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS LBT improved CRS by inhibiting OPN expression through the JNK pathway. This study is the first to describe a cardioprotective effect of LBT and provides new insights into CRS drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Hao Ni
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Xiao-Lu OuYang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Xin Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Jin-Hai Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Yue Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Shu-Ning Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Jian-Ping Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Han
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Huan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Zi-Xin Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Lian
- Guangzhou integrated traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Zhen-Kui Wang
- Guangzhou integrated traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Wen-Jie Long
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China.
| | - Ling-Jun Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China.
| | - Zhong-Qi Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China.
| | - Lu Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China.
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11
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Mao Y, Zhao K, Li P, Sheng Y. The emerging role of leptin in obesity-associated cardiac fibrosis: evidence and mechanism. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 478:991-1011. [PMID: 36214893 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04562-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a hallmark of various cardiovascular diseases, which is quite commonly found in obesity, and may contribute to the increased incidence of heart failure arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death in obese populations. As an endogenous regulator of adiposity metabolism, body mass, and energy balance, obesity, characterized by increased circulating levels of the adipocyte-derived hormone leptin, is a critical contributor to the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis. Although there are some gaps in our knowledge linking leptin and cardiac fibrosis, this review will focus on the interplay between leptin and major effectors involved in the pathogenesis underlying cardiac fibrosis at both cellular and molecular levels based on the current reports. The profibrotic effect of leptin is predominantly mediated by activated cardiac fibroblasts but may also involve cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and immune cells. Moreover, a series of molecular signals with a known profibrotic property is closely involved in leptin-induced fibrotic events. A more comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms through which leptin contributes to the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis may open up a new avenue for the rapid emergence of a novel therapy for preventing or even reversing obesity-associated cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukang Mao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanhui Sheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Halmetoja E, Nagy I, Szabo Z, Alakoski T, Yrjölä R, Vainio L, Viitavaara E, Lin R, Rahtu-Korpela L, Vainio S, Kerkelä R, Magga J. Wnt11 in regulation of physiological and pathological cardiac growth. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22544. [PMID: 36098469 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101856rrrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Wnt11 regulates early cardiac development and left ventricular compaction in the heart, but it is not known how Wnt11 regulates postnatal cardiac maturation and response to cardiac stress in the adult heart. We studied cell proliferation/maturation in postnatal and adolescent Wnt11 deficient (Wnt11-/-) heart and subjected adult mice with partial (Wnt11+/-) and complete Wnt11 (Wnt11-/-) deficiency to cardiac pressure overload. In addition, we subjected primary cardiomyocytes to recombinant Wnt proteins to study their effect on cardiomyocyte growth. Wnt11 deficiency did not affect cardiomyocyte proliferation or maturation in the postnatal or adolescent heart. However, Wnt11 deficiency led to enlarged heart phenotype that was not accompanied by significant hypertrophy of individual cardiomyocytes. Analysis of stressed adult hearts from wild-type mice showed a progressive decrease in Wnt11 expression in response to pressure overload. When studied in experimental cardiac pressure overload, Wnt11 deficiency did not exacerbate cardiac hypertrophy or remodeling and cardiac function remained identical between the genotypes. When subjecting cardiomyocytes to hypertrophic stimulus, the presence of recombinant Wnt11 together with Wnt5a reduced protein synthesis. In conclusion, Wnt11 deficiency does not affect postnatal cardiomyocyte proliferation but leads to cardiac growth. Interestingly, Wnt11 deficiency alone does not substantially modulate hypertrophic response to pressure overload in vivo. Wnt11 may require cooperation with other noncanonical Wnt proteins to regulate hypertrophic response under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irina Nagy
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Northern Finland Laboratory Centre NordLab, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Zoltan Szabo
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tarja Alakoski
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Raisa Yrjölä
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Laura Vainio
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Ruizhu Lin
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Seppo Vainio
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Center for Cell Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Kvantum Institute, Infotech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Risto Kerkelä
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Magga
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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13
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Trinh K, Julovi SM, Rogers NM. The Role of Matrix Proteins in Cardiac Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031338. [PMID: 35163259 PMCID: PMC8836004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) and ECM-regulatory proteins mediate structural and cell-cell interactions that are crucial for embryonic cardiac development and postnatal homeostasis, as well as organ remodeling and repair in response to injury. These proteins possess a broad functionality that is regulated by multiple structural domains and dependent on their ability to interact with extracellular substrates and/or cell surface receptors. Several different cell types (cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial and inflammatory cells) within the myocardium elaborate ECM proteins, and their role in cardiovascular (patho)physiology has been increasingly recognized. This has stimulated robust research dissecting the ECM protein function in human health and disease and replicating the genetic proof-of-principle. This review summarizes recent developments regarding the contribution of ECM to cardiovascular disease. The clear importance of this heterogeneous group of proteins in attenuating maladaptive repair responses provides an impetus for further investigation into these proteins as potential pharmacological targets in cardiac diseases and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Trinh
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (K.T.); (S.M.J.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sydney, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sohel M. Julovi
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (K.T.); (S.M.J.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sydney, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Natasha M. Rogers
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (K.T.); (S.M.J.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sydney, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Renal and Transplantation Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Correspondence:
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14
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Rodrigues-Díez Raul R, Tejera-Muñoz A, Esteban V, Steffensen Lasse B, Rodrigues-Díez R, Orejudo M, Rayego-Mateos S, Falke Lucas L, Cannata-Ortiz P, Ortiz A, Egido J, Mallat Z, Briones Ana M, Bajo Maria A, Goldschmeding R, Ruiz-Ortega M. CCN2 (Cellular Communication Network Factor 2) Deletion Alters Vascular Integrity and Function Predisposing to Aneurysm Formation. Hypertension 2021; 79:e42-e55. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.18201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
CCN2 (cellular communication network factor 2) is a matricellular protein involved in cell communication and microenvironmental signaling responses. CCN2 is known to be overexpressed in several cardiovascular diseases, but its role is not completely understood.
Methods:
Here, CCN2 involvement in aortic wall homeostasis and response to vascular injury was investigated in inducible
Ccn2
-deficient mice, with induction of vascular damage by infusion of Ang II (angiotensin II; 15 days), which is known to upregulate CCN2 expression in the aorta.
Results:
Ang II infusion in CCN2-silenced mice lead to 60% mortality within 10 days due to rapid development and rupture of aortic aneurysms, as evidenced by magnetic resonance imaging, echography, and histological examination.
Ccn2
deletion decreased systolic blood pressure and caused aortic structural and functional changes, including elastin layer disruption, smooth muscle cell alterations, augmented distensibility, and increased metalloproteinase activity, which were aggravated by Ang II administration. Gene ontology analysis of RNA sequencing data identified aldosterone biosynthesis as one of the most enriched terms in CCN2-deficient aortas. Consistently, treatment with the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone before and during Ang II infusion reduced aneurysm formation and mortality, underscoring the importance of the aldosterone pathway in Ang II–induced aorta pathology.
Conclusions:
CCN2 is critically involved in the functional and structural homeostasis of the aorta and in maintenance of its integrity under Ang II–induced stress, at least, in part, by disruption of the aldosterone pathway. Thus, this study opens new avenues to future studies in disorders associated to vascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Rodrigues-Díez Raul
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Spain (R.R.-D.R., A.T.-M., M.O., S.R.-M., M.R.-O.)
- Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (R.R.-D.R., M.O., S.R.-M., P.C.-O., A.O., A.B.M., M.R.-O.)
- Department of Pharmacology, UAM, Instituto de Investigación-Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPaz, Ciber Cardiovascular, Madrid, Spain (R.R.-D., M.B.A.)
| | - Antonio Tejera-Muñoz
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Spain (R.R.-D.R., A.T.-M., M.O., S.R.-M., M.R.-O.)
| | - Vanesa Esteban
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, Asma, Reacciones Adversas y Alérgicas Network. Madrid, Spain (V.E.)
| | - B. Steffensen Lasse
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense (B.S.L.)
| | | | - Macarena Orejudo
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Spain (R.R.-D.R., A.T.-M., M.O., S.R.-M., M.R.-O.)
- Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (R.R.-D.R., M.O., S.R.-M., P.C.-O., A.O., A.B.M., M.R.-O.)
| | - Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Spain (R.R.-D.R., A.T.-M., M.O., S.R.-M., M.R.-O.)
- Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (R.R.-D.R., M.O., S.R.-M., P.C.-O., A.O., A.B.M., M.R.-O.)
| | - L. Falke Lucas
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (L.F.L.)
| | - Pablo Cannata-Ortiz
- Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (R.R.-D.R., M.O., S.R.-M., P.C.-O., A.O., A.B.M., M.R.-O.)
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Spain (P.C.-O., A.O., J.E., R.G.)
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (R.R.-D.R., M.O., S.R.-M., P.C.-O., A.O., A.B.M., M.R.-O.)
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Spain (P.C.-O., A.O., J.E., R.G.)
| | - Jesus Egido
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Spain (P.C.-O., A.O., J.E., R.G.)
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Spain (J.E.)
| | - Ziad Mallat
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (Z.M.)
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, France, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Z.M.)
| | - M. Briones Ana
- Department of Pharmacology, UAM, Instituto de Investigación-Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPaz, Ciber Cardiovascular, Madrid, Spain (R.R.-D., M.B.A.)
| | - Auxiliadora Bajo Maria
- Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (R.R.-D.R., M.O., S.R.-M., P.C.-O., A.O., A.B.M., M.R.-O.)
- Department of Nephrology, Instituto de Investigación-Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (A.B.M.)
| | - Roel Goldschmeding
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Spain (P.C.-O., A.O., J.E., R.G.)
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Spain (R.R.-D.R., A.T.-M., M.O., S.R.-M., M.R.-O.)
- Red de Investigación Renal, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (R.R.-D.R., M.O., S.R.-M., P.C.-O., A.O., A.B.M., M.R.-O.)
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15
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Tejera-Muñoz A, Marquez-Exposito L, Tejedor-Santamaría L, Rayego-Mateos S, Orejudo M, Suarez-Álvarez B, López-Larrea C, Ruíz-Ortega M, Rodrigues-Díez RR. CCN2 Increases TGF-β Receptor Type II Expression in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: Essential Role of CCN2 in the TGF-β Pathway Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:375. [PMID: 35008801 PMCID: PMC8745763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular communication network factor 2 (CCN2/CTGF) has been traditionally described as a mediator of the fibrotic responses induced by other factors including the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). However, several studies have defined a direct role of CCN2 acting as a growth factor inducing oxidative and proinflammatory responses. The presence of CCN2 and TGF-β together in the cellular context has been described as a requisite to induce a persistent fibrotic response, but the precise mechanisms implicated in this relation are not described yet. Considering the main role of TGF-β receptors (TβR) in the TGF-β pathway activation, our aim was to investigate the effects of CCN2 in the regulation of TβRI and TβRII levels in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). While no differences were observed in TβRI levels, an increase in TβRII expression at both gene and protein level were found 48 h after stimulation with the C-terminal fragment of CCN2 (CCN2(IV)). Cell pretreatment with a TβRI inhibitor did not modify TβRII increment induced by CCN2(VI), demonstrating a TGF-β-independent response. Secondly, CCN2(IV) rapidly activated the SMAD pathway in VSMCs, this being crucial in the upregulation of TβRII since the preincubation with an SMAD3 inhibitor prevented it. Similarly, pretreatment with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor erlotinib abolished TβRII upregulation, indicating the participation of this receptor in the observed responses. Our findings suggest a direct role of CCN2 maintaining the TGF-β pathway activation by increasing TβRII expression in an EGFR-SMAD dependent manner activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Tejera-Muñoz
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.T.-M.); (L.M.-E.); (L.T.-S.); (S.R.-M.); (M.O.)
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (B.S.-Á.); (C.L.-L.)
| | - Laura Marquez-Exposito
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.T.-M.); (L.M.-E.); (L.T.-S.); (S.R.-M.); (M.O.)
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (B.S.-Á.); (C.L.-L.)
| | - Lucía Tejedor-Santamaría
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.T.-M.); (L.M.-E.); (L.T.-S.); (S.R.-M.); (M.O.)
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (B.S.-Á.); (C.L.-L.)
| | - Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.T.-M.); (L.M.-E.); (L.T.-S.); (S.R.-M.); (M.O.)
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (B.S.-Á.); (C.L.-L.)
| | - Macarena Orejudo
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.T.-M.); (L.M.-E.); (L.T.-S.); (S.R.-M.); (M.O.)
| | - Beatriz Suarez-Álvarez
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (B.S.-Á.); (C.L.-L.)
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carlos López-Larrea
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (B.S.-Á.); (C.L.-L.)
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Central De Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marta Ruíz-Ortega
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.T.-M.); (L.M.-E.); (L.T.-S.); (S.R.-M.); (M.O.)
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (B.S.-Á.); (C.L.-L.)
| | - Raúl R. Rodrigues-Díez
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (B.S.-Á.); (C.L.-L.)
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
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16
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Lin R, Rahtu-Korpela L, Szabo Z, Kemppi A, Skarp S, Kiviniemi AM, Lepojärvi ES, Halmetoja E, Kilpiö T, Porvari K, Pakanen L, Tolva J, Paakkanen R, Segersvärd H, Tikkanen I, Laine M, Sinisalo J, Lakkisto P, Huikuri H, Magga J, Junttila J, Kerkelä R. MiR-185-5p regulates the development of myocardial fibrosis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 165:130-140. [PMID: 34973276 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac fibrosis stiffens the ventricular wall, predisposes to cardiac arrhythmias and contributes to the development of heart failure. In the present study, our aim was to identify novel miRNAs that regulate the development of cardiac fibrosis and could serve as potential therapeutic targets for myocardial fibrosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Analysis for cardiac samples from sudden cardiac death victims with extensive myocardial fibrosis as the primary cause of death identified dysregulation of miR-185-5p. Analysis of resident cardiac cells from mice subjected to experimental cardiac fibrosis model showed induction of miR-185-5p expression specifically in cardiac fibroblasts. In vitro, augmenting miR-185-5p induced collagen production and profibrotic activation in cardiac fibroblasts, whereas inhibition of miR-185-5p attenuated collagen production. In vivo, targeting miR-185-5p in mice abolished pressure overload induced cardiac interstitial fibrosis. Mechanistically, miR-185-5p targets apelin receptor and inhibits the anti-fibrotic effects of apelin. Finally, analysis of left ventricular tissue from patients with severe cardiomyopathy showed an increase in miR-185-5p expression together with pro-fibrotic TGF-β1 and collagen I. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that miR-185-5p targets apelin receptor and promotes myocardial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhu Lin
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Lea Rahtu-Korpela
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Zoltan Szabo
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland; Division of Cardiology, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anna Kemppi
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Sini Skarp
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Antti M Kiviniemi
- Division of Cardiology, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - E Samuli Lepojärvi
- Division of Cardiology, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Eveliina Halmetoja
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Teemu Kilpiö
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Katja Porvari
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Lasse Pakanen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Forensic Medicine Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Tolva
- Transplantation laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riitta Paakkanen
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heli Segersvärd
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilkka Tikkanen
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland; Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Laine
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Sinisalo
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Lakkisto
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Heikki Huikuri
- Division of Cardiology, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Magga
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland; Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juhani Junttila
- Division of Cardiology, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Risto Kerkelä
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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17
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Vainio L, Taponen S, Kinnunen SM, Halmetoja E, Szabo Z, Alakoski T, Ulvila J, Junttila J, Lakkisto P, Magga J, Kerkelä R. GSK3β Serine 389 Phosphorylation Modulates Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy and Ischemic Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13586. [PMID: 34948382 PMCID: PMC8707850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior studies show that glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) contributes to cardiac ischemic injury and cardiac hypertrophy. GSK3β is constitutionally active and phosphorylation of GSK3β at serine 9 (S9) inactivates the kinase and promotes cellular growth. GSK3β is also phosphorylated at serine 389 (S389), but the significance of this phosphorylation in the heart is not known. We analyzed GSK3β S389 phosphorylation in diseased hearts and utilized overexpression of GSK3β carrying ser→ala mutations at S9 (S9A) and S389 (S389A) to study the biological function of constitutively active GSK3β in primary cardiomyocytes. We found that phosphorylation of GSK3β at S389 was increased in left ventricular samples from patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and ischemic cardiomyopathy, and in hearts of mice subjected to thoracic aortic constriction. Overexpression of either GSK3β S9A or S389A reduced the viability of cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia-reoxygenation. Overexpression of double GSK3β mutant (S9A/S389A) further reduced cardiomyocyte viability. Determination of protein synthesis showed that overexpression of GSK3β S389A or GSK3β S9A/S389A increased both basal and agonist-induced cardiomyocyte growth. Mechanistically, GSK3β S389A mutation was associated with activation of mTOR complex 1 signaling. In conclusion, our data suggest that phosphorylation of GSK3β at S389 enhances cardiomyocyte survival and protects from cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vainio
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland; (L.V.); (S.T.); (S.M.K.); (E.H.); (Z.S.); (T.A.); (J.U.); (J.M.)
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland;
| | - Saija Taponen
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland; (L.V.); (S.T.); (S.M.K.); (E.H.); (Z.S.); (T.A.); (J.U.); (J.M.)
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland;
| | - Sini M. Kinnunen
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland; (L.V.); (S.T.); (S.M.K.); (E.H.); (Z.S.); (T.A.); (J.U.); (J.M.)
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Eveliina Halmetoja
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland; (L.V.); (S.T.); (S.M.K.); (E.H.); (Z.S.); (T.A.); (J.U.); (J.M.)
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland
| | - Zoltan Szabo
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland; (L.V.); (S.T.); (S.M.K.); (E.H.); (Z.S.); (T.A.); (J.U.); (J.M.)
| | - Tarja Alakoski
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland; (L.V.); (S.T.); (S.M.K.); (E.H.); (Z.S.); (T.A.); (J.U.); (J.M.)
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland;
| | - Johanna Ulvila
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland; (L.V.); (S.T.); (S.M.K.); (E.H.); (Z.S.); (T.A.); (J.U.); (J.M.)
| | - Juhani Junttila
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland;
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland
| | - Päivi Lakkisto
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki 00014, Finland;
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Johanna Magga
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland; (L.V.); (S.T.); (S.M.K.); (E.H.); (Z.S.); (T.A.); (J.U.); (J.M.)
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland;
| | - Risto Kerkelä
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland; (L.V.); (S.T.); (S.M.K.); (E.H.); (Z.S.); (T.A.); (J.U.); (J.M.)
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland;
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland
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18
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Röning T, Magga J, Laitakari A, Halmetoja R, Tapio J, Dimova EY, Szabo Z, Rahtu-Korpela L, Kemppi A, Walkinshaw G, Myllyharju J, Kerkelä R, Koivunen P, Serpi R. Activation of the hypoxia response pathway protects against age-induced cardiac hypertrophy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 164:148-155. [PMID: 34919895 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We have previously demonstrated protection against obesity, metabolic dysfunction, atherosclerosis and cardiac ischemia in a hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl 4-hydroxylase-2 (Hif-p4h-2) deficient mouse line, attributing these protective effects to activation of the hypoxia response pathway in a normoxic environment. We intended here to find out whether the Hif-p4h-2 deficiency affects the cardiac health of these mice upon aging. METHODS AND RESULTS When the Hif-p4h-2 deficient mice and their wild-type littermates were monitored during normal aging, the Hif-p4h-2 deficient mice had better preserved diastolic function than the wild type at one year of age and less cardiomyocyte hypertrophy at two years. On the mRNA level, downregulation of hypertrophy-associated genes was detected and shown to be associated with upregulation of Notch signaling, and especially of the Notch target gene and transcriptional repressor Hairy and enhancer-of-split-related basic helix-loop-helix (Hey2). Blocking of Notch signaling in cardiomyocytes isolated from Hif-p4h-2 deficient mice with a gamma-secretase inhibitor led to upregulation of the hypertrophy-associated genes. Also, targeting Hey2 in isolated wild-type rat neonatal cardiomyocytes with siRNA led to upregulation of hypertrophic genes and increased leucine incorporation indicative of increased protein synthesis and hypertrophy. Finally, oral treatment of wild-type mice with a small molecule inhibitor of HIF-P4Hs phenocopied the effects of Hif-p4h-2 deficiency with less cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, upregulation of Hey2 and downregulation of the hypertrophy-associated genes. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that activation of the hypoxia response pathway upregulates Notch signaling and its target Hey2 resulting in transcriptional repression of hypertrophy-associated genes and less cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. This is eventually associated with better preserved cardiac function upon aging. Activation of the hypoxia response pathway thus has therapeutic potential for combating age-induced cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapio Röning
- Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Magga
- Biocenter Oulu and Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Anna Laitakari
- Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Riikka Halmetoja
- Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Joona Tapio
- Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Elitsa Y Dimova
- Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Zoltan Szabo
- Biocenter Oulu and Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Lea Rahtu-Korpela
- Biocenter Oulu and Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Anna Kemppi
- Biocenter Oulu and Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Johanna Myllyharju
- Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Risto Kerkelä
- Biocenter Oulu and Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Peppi Koivunen
- Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Raisa Serpi
- Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Biobank Borealis of Northern Finland, Oulu University Hospital, Finland
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19
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Exogenous extracellular matrix proteins decrease cardiac fibroblast activation in stiffening microenvironment through CAPG. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 159:105-119. [PMID: 34118218 PMCID: PMC10066715 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Controlling fibrosis is an essential part of regenerating the post-ischemic heart. In the post-ischemic heart, fibroblasts differentiate to myofibroblasts that produce collagen-rich matrix to physically stabilize the infarct area. Infarct models in adult mice result in permanent scarring unlike newborn animals which fully regenerate. Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) hydrogels derived from early-aged hearts have been shown to be a transplantable therapy that preserves heart function and stimulates cardiomyocyte proliferation and vascularization. In this study, we investigate the anti-fibrotic effects of injectable dECM hydrogels in a cardiac explant model in the context of age-associated tissue compliance. Treatments with adult and fetal dECM hydrogels were tested for molecular effects on cardiac fibroblast activation and fibrosis. Altered sensitivity of fibroblasts to the mechanosignaling of the remodeling microenvironment was evaluated by manipulating the native extracellular matrix in explants and also with elastomeric substrates in the presence of dECM hydrogels. The injectable fetal dECM hydrogel treatment decreases fibroblast activation and contractility and lowers the stiffness-mediated increases in fibroblast activation observed in stiffened explants. The anti-fibrotic effect of dECM hydrogel is most observable at highest stiffness. Experiments with primary cells on elastomeric substrates with dECM treatment support this phenomenon. Transcriptome analysis indicated that dECM hydrogels affect cytoskeleton related signaling including Macrophage capping protein (CAPG) and Leupaxin (LPXN). CAPG was down-regulated by the fetal dECM hydrogel. LPXN expression was decreased by stiffening the explants; however, this effect was reversed by dECM hydrogel treatment. Pharmacological disruption of cytoskeleton polymerization lowered fibroblast activation and CAPG levels. Knocking down CAPG expression with siRNA inhibited fibroblast activation and collagen deposition. Collectively, fibroblast activation is dependent on cooperative action of extracellular molecular signals and mechanosignaling by cytoskeletal integrity.
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20
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Fibrosis, the Bad Actor in Cardiorenal Syndromes: Mechanisms Involved. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071824. [PMID: 34359993 PMCID: PMC8307805 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiorenal syndrome is a term that defines the complex bidirectional nature of the interaction between cardiac and renal disease. It is well established that patients with kidney disease have higher incidence of cardiovascular comorbidities and that renal dysfunction is a significant threat to the prognosis of patients with cardiac disease. Fibrosis is a common characteristic of organ injury progression that has been proposed not only as a marker but also as an important driver of the pathophysiology of cardiorenal syndromes. Due to the relevance of fibrosis, its study might give insight into the mechanisms and targets that could potentially be modulated to prevent fibrosis development. The aim of this review was to summarize some of the pathophysiological pathways involved in the fibrotic damage seen in cardiorenal syndromes, such as inflammation, oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress, which are known to be triggers and mediators of fibrosis.
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21
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Tam AYY, Horwell AL, Trinder SL, Khan K, Xu S, Ong V, Denton CP, Norman JT, Holmes AM, Bou-Gharios G, Abraham DJ. Selective deletion of connective tissue growth factor attenuates experimentally-induced pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 134:105961. [PMID: 33662577 PMCID: PMC8111417 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.105961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF, CCN2) is a matricellular protein which plays key roles in normal mammalian development and in tissue homeostasis and repair. In pathological conditions, dysregulated CCN2 has been associated with cancer, cardiovascular disease, and tissue fibrosis. In this study, genetic manipulation of the CCN2 gene was employed to investigate the role of CCN2 expression in vitro and in experimentally-induced models of pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Knocking down CCN2 using siRNA reduced expression of pro-fibrotic markers (fibronectin p < 0.01, collagen type I p < 0.05, α-SMA p < 0.0001, TIMP-1 p < 0.05 and IL-6 p < 0.05) in TGF-β-treated lung fibroblasts derived from systemic sclerosis patients. In vivo studies were performed in mice using a conditional gene deletion strategy targeting CCN2 in a fibroblast-specific and time-dependent manner in two models of lung disease. CCN2 deletion significantly reduced pulmonary interstitial scarring and fibrosis following bleomycin-instillation, as assessed by fibrotic scores (wildtype bleomycin 3.733 ± 0.2667 vs CCN2 knockout (KO) bleomycin 4.917 ± 0.3436, p < 0.05) and micro-CT. In the well-established chronic hypoxia/Sugen model of pulmonary hypertension, CCN2 gene deletion resulted in a significant decrease in pulmonary vessel remodelling, less right ventricular hypertrophy and a reduction in the haemodynamic measurements characteristic of PAH (RVSP and RV/LV + S were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in CCN2 KO compared to WT mice in hypoxic/SU5416 conditions). These results support a prominent role for CCN2 in pulmonary fibrosis and in vessel remodelling associated with PAH. Therefore, therapeutics aimed at blocking CCN2 function are likely to benefit several forms of severe lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Y Y Tam
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Disease, Department of Inflammation, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
| | - Amy L Horwell
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Sarah L Trinder
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Disease, Department of Inflammation, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Korsa Khan
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Disease, Department of Inflammation, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Shiwen Xu
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Disease, Department of Inflammation, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Voon Ong
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Disease, Department of Inflammation, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Christopher P Denton
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Disease, Department of Inflammation, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Jill T Norman
- Department of Renal Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Alan M Holmes
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Disease, Department of Inflammation, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - George Bou-Gharios
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - David J Abraham
- Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Disease, Department of Inflammation, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
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22
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Cho JS, Lee J, Park KC, Yang KJ, Cho EJ. The relationship between miRNA-26b and connective tissue growth factor in rat models of aortic banding and debanding. Korean J Intern Med 2021; 36:596-607. [PMID: 31875666 PMCID: PMC8137408 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2019.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a profibrotic factor implicated in pressure overload-mediated myocardial fibrosis. In this study, we determined the role of predicted CTGF-targeting microRNAs (miRNAs) in rat models of aortic stenosis and reverse cardiac remodeling. METHODS Minimally invasive ascending aortic banding was performed in 24 7-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats, which were divided into three groups. The banding group consisted of eight rats that were sacrificed immediately after 6 weeks of aortic constriction. The debanding group underwent aortic constriction for 4 weeks and was sacrificed 2 weeks after band removal. The third group underwent sham surgery. We investigated the expression of CTGF, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1), and matrix metalloproteinase-2 using ELISA and examined miRNA-26b, miRNA-133a, and miRNA-19b as predicted CTGF-targeting miRNAs based on miRNA databases in 24-hour TGFβ-stimulated and TGFβ- washed fibroblasts and myocardial tissues from all subjects. RESULTS CTGF was elevated in 24-hour TGFβ-stimulated fibroblasts and decreased in 24-hour TGFβ-washed fibroblasts. miRNA-26b was significantly increased in TGFβ-washed fibroblasts compared with control and TGFβ-stimulated fibroblasts (p < 0.05). CTGF expression was significantly higher in the banding group than that in the sham and debanding groups. The relative expression levels of miRNA-26b were higher in the debanding group than in the banding group. CONCLUSION The results of our study using models of aortic banding and debanding suggested that miRNA-26b was significantly increased after aortic debanding. The in vitro model yielded the same results: miRNA-26b was upregulated after removal of TGFβ from fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Sun Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jongho Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ki Cheol Park
- Clinical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Daejeon St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Keum-Jin Yang
- Clinical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Daejeon St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Eun Joo Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Correspondence to Eun Joo Cho, M.D. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 10 63-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07345, Korea Tel: +82-2-3779-1335 Fax: +82-2-780-9114 E-mail:
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23
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Vivar R, Anfossi R, Humeres C, Catalán M, Reyes C, Cárdenas S, Contreras A, Aránguiz P, González F, Diaz-Araya G. FoxO1 is required for high glucose-dependent cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblast phenoconversion. Cell Signal 2021; 83:109978. [PMID: 33722671 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.109978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the normal heart, cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) maintain extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis, whereas in pathological conditions, such as diabetes mellitus (DM), CFs converse into cardiac myofibroblasts (CMFs) and this CFs phenoconversion increase the synthesis and secretion of ECM proteins, promoting cardiac fibrosis and heart dysfunction. High glucose (HG) conditions increase TGF-β1 expression and FoxO1 activity, whereas FoxO1 is crucial to CFs phenoconversion induced by TGF-β1. In addition, FoxO1 increases CTGF expression, whereas CTGF plays an active role in the fibrotic process induced by hyperglycemia. However, the role of FoxO1 and CTGF in CFs phenoconversion induced by HG is not clear. In this study, we investigated the effects of FoxO1 pharmacological inhibition on CFs phenoconversion in both in vitro and ex vivo models of DM. Our results demonstrate that HG induces CFs phenoconversion and FoxO1 activation. Moreover, AS1842856, a pharmacological inhibitor of FoxO1 activity, prevents CFs phenoconversion and CTGF expression increase induced by HG, whereas these results were corroborated by FoxO1 silencing. Additionally, K252a, a pharmacological blocker of CTGF receptor, prevents HG-induced CFs phenoconversion, which was corroborated with CTGF expression knockdown. Furthermore, through CFs isolation from heart of diabetic rats, we showed that hyperglycemia induces FoxO1 activation, the increase of CTGF expression and CFs phenoconversion, whereas the FoxO1 activity inhibition reverses the effects induced by hyperglycemia on CFs. Altogether, our results demonstrate that FoxO1 and CTGF are necessary for CFs phenoconversion induced by HG and suggest that both proteins are likely to become a potential targeted drug for fibrotic response induced by hyperglycemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Vivar
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Renatto Anfossi
- Department of Pharmacological & Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Humeres
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Mabel Catalán
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Christopher Reyes
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Simone Cárdenas
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Alejandra Contreras
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Aránguiz
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, 2520000 Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Fabiola González
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Biomedical Science Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Guillermo Diaz-Araya
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.; Department of Pharmacological & Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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24
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Angiotensin II blockers improve cardiac coronary flow under hemodynamic pressure overload. Hypertens Res 2021; 44:803-812. [PMID: 33568793 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-021-00617-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Coronary flow velocity (CFV) is reduced in pathologic cardiac hypertrophy. This functional reduction is linked to adverse cardiac remodeling, hypertension and fibrosis, and angiotensin II (AngII) is a key molecular player. Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are known to attenuate adverse cardiac remodeling and fibrosis following increased afterload, while the mechanism by which these drugs offer clinical benefits and regulate hemodynamics remains unknown. To establish a direct connection between coronary flow changes and angiotensin-induced hypertension, we used a Doppler echocardiographic method in two distinct disease models. First, we performed serial echocardiography to visualize coronary flow and assess heart function in patients newly diagnosed with hypertension and currently on ARBs or calcium channel blockers (CCBs). CFV improved significantly in the hypertensive patients after 12 weeks of ARB treatment but not in those treated with CCBs. Second, using murine models of pressure overload, including Ang II infusion and aortic banding, we mimicked the clinical conditions of Ang II- and mechanical stress-induced hypertension, respectively. Both Ang II infusion and aortic banding increased the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship and cardiac fibrosis, but interestingly, only Ang II infusion resulted in a significant reduction in CFV and corresponding activation of pressure-sensitive proteins, including connective tissue growth factor, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. These data support the existence of a molecular and functional link between AngII-induced hemodynamic remodeling and alterations in coronary vasculature, which, in part, can explain the clinical benefit of ARB treatment in hypertensive patients.
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25
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Abstract
Diffuse myocardial fibrosis resulting from the excessive deposition of collagen fibres through the entire myocardium is encountered in a number of chronic cardiac diseases. This lesion results from alterations in the regulation of fibrillary collagen turnover by fibroblasts, facilitating the excessive deposition of type I and type III collagen fibres within the myocardial interstitium and around intramyocardial vessels. The available evidence suggests that, beyond the extent of fibrous deposits, collagen composition and the physicochemical properties of the fibres are also relevant in the detrimental effects of diffuse myocardial fibrosis on cardiac function and clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure. In this regard, findings from the past 20 years suggest that various clinicopathological phenotypes of diffuse myocardial fibrosis exist in patients with heart failure. In this Review, we summarize the current knowledge on the mechanisms and detrimental consequences of diffuse myocardial fibrosis in heart failure. Furthermore, we discuss the validity and usefulness of available imaging techniques and circulating biomarkers to assess the clinicopathological variation in this lesion and to track its clinical evolution. Finally, we highlight the currently available and potential future therapeutic strategies aimed at personalizing the prevention and reversal of diffuse myocardial fibrosis in patients with heart failure.
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26
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Webber M, Jackson SP, Moon JC, Captur G. Myocardial Fibrosis in Heart Failure: Anti-Fibrotic Therapies and the Role of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Drug Trials. Cardiol Ther 2020; 9:363-376. [PMID: 32862327 PMCID: PMC7584719 DOI: 10.1007/s40119-020-00199-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
All heart muscle diseases that cause chronic heart failure finally converge into one dreaded pathological process that is myocardial fibrosis. Myocardial fibrosis predicts major adverse cardiovascular events and death, yet we are still missing the targeted therapies capable of halting and/or reversing its progression. Fundamentally it is a problem of disproportionate extracellular collagen accumulation that is part of normal myocardial ageing and accentuated in certain disease states. In this article we discuss the role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging biomarkers to track fibrosis and collate results from the most promising animal and human trials of anti-fibrotic therapies to date. We underscore the ever-growing role of CMR in determining the efficacy of such drugs and encourage future trialists to turn to CMR when designing their surrogate study endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Webber
- UCL MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, Fitzrovia, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
- Cardiology Department, Centre for Inherited Heart Muscle Conditions, The Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, Hampstead, London, NW3 2QG, UK
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Stephen P Jackson
- Department of Biochemistry, The Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
| | - James C Moon
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Unit, Barts Heart Centre, West Smithfield, London, UK
| | - Gabriella Captur
- UCL MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, Fitzrovia, London, WC1E 7HB, UK.
- Cardiology Department, Centre for Inherited Heart Muscle Conditions, The Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, Hampstead, London, NW3 2QG, UK.
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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27
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Aránguiz P, Romero P, Vásquez F, Flores-Vergara R, Aravena D, Sánchez G, González M, Olmedo I, Pedrozo Z. Polycystin-1 mitigates damage and regulates CTGF expression through AKT activation during cardiac ischemia/reperfusion. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1867:165986. [PMID: 33065236 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
During ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), cardiomyocytes activate pathways that regulate cell survival and death and release factors that modulate fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation. The mechanisms underlying these effects are not fully understood. Polycystin-1 (PC1) is a mechanosensor crucial for cardiac function. This work aims to assess the role of PC1 in cardiomyocyte survival, its role in profibrotic factor expression in cardiomyocytes, and its paracrine effects on I/R-induced cardiac fibroblast function. In vivo and ex vivo I/R and simulated in vitro I/R (sI/R) were induced in wild-type and PC1-knockout (PC1 KO) mice and PC1-knockdown (siPC1) neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVM), respectively. Neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts (NRCF) were stimulated with conditioned medium (CM) derived from NRVM or siPC1-NRVM supernatant after reperfusion and fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation evaluated. Infarcts were larger in PC1-KO mice subjected to in vivo and ex vivo I/R, and necrosis rates were higher in siPC1-NRVM than control after sI/R. PC1 activated the pro-survival AKT protein during sI/R and induced PC1-AKT-pathway-dependent CTGF expression. Furthermore, conditioned media from sI/R-NRVM induced PC1-dependent fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation in NRCF. This novel evidence shows that PC1 mitigates cardiac damage during I/R, likely through AKT activation, and regulates CTGF expression in cardiomyocytes via AKT. Moreover, PC1-NRVM regulates fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation during sI/R. PC1, therefore, may emerge as a new key regulator of I/R injury-induced cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Aránguiz
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - P Romero
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - F Vásquez
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - R Flores-Vergara
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - D Aravena
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - G Sánchez
- Programa de Fisiopatología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - M González
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - I Olmedo
- Programa de Fisiopatología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Z Pedrozo
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
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28
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Targeted depletion of monocyte/macrophage suppresses aortic dissection with the spatial regulation of MMP-9 in the aorta. Life Sci 2020; 254:116927. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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29
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Szabó Z, Vainio L, Lin R, Swan J, Hulmi JJ, Rahtu-Korpela L, Serpi R, Laitinen M, Pasternack A, Ritvos O, Kerkelä R, Magga J. Systemic blockade of ACVR2B ligands attenuates muscle wasting in ischemic heart failure without compromising cardiac function. FASEB J 2020; 34:9911-9924. [PMID: 32427381 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903074rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Signaling through activin receptors regulates skeletal muscle mass and activin receptor 2B (ACVR2B) ligands are also suggested to participate in myocardial infarction (MI) pathology in the heart. In this study, we determined the effect of systemic blockade of ACVR2B ligands on cardiac function in experimental MI, and defined its efficacy to revert muscle wasting in ischemic heart failure (HF). Mice were treated with soluble ACVR2B decoy receptor (ACVR2B-Fc) to study its effect on post-MI cardiac remodeling and on later HF. Cardiac function was determined with echocardiography, and myocardium analyzed with histological and biochemical methods for hypertrophy and fibrosis. Pharmacological blockade of ACVR2B ligands did not rescue the heart from ischemic injury or alleviate post-MI remodeling and ischemic HF. Collectively, ACVR2B-Fc did not affect cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis, angiogenesis, nor factors associated with cardiac regeneration except modification of certain genes involved in metabolism or cell growth/survival. ACVR2B-Fc, however, was able to reduce skeletal muscle wasting in chronic ischemic HF, accompanied by reduced LC3II as a marker of autophagy and increased mTOR signaling and Cited4 expression as markers of physiological hypertrophy in quadriceps muscle. Our results ascertain pharmacological blockade of ACVR2B ligands as a possible therapy for skeletal muscle wasting in ischemic HF. Pharmacological blockade of ACVR2B ligands preserved myofiber size in ischemic HF, but did not compromise cardiac function nor exacerbate cardiac remodeling after ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Szabó
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Laura Vainio
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ruizhu Lin
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Julia Swan
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha J Hulmi
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Neuromuscular Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lea Rahtu-Korpela
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Raisa Serpi
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mika Laitinen
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Arja Pasternack
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Ritvos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Risto Kerkelä
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Magga
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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30
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Yang HL, Hsieh PL, Hung CH, Cheng HC, Chou WC, Chu PM, Chang YC, Tsai KL. Early Moderate Intensity Aerobic Exercise Intervention Prevents Doxorubicin-Caused Cardiac Dysfunction Through Inhibition of Cardiac Fibrosis and Inflammation. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051102. [PMID: 32354131 PMCID: PMC7281105 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is known as an effective drug in the fight against various cancers. However, one of the greatest impediments is DOX-induced cardiomyopathy, which may potentially lead to heart failure. Accumulating evidence has shed light on the pathological mechanism of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, but treatments to mitigate the cardiac damage are still required. In an attempt to address this issue, we evaluated whether exercise provides cardioprotective effects on the DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. We showed that treadmill exercise (3 times/week; 1-week of exercise acclimatization and 4-weeks of endurance exercise) during the DOX treatment successfully prevented the cardiac dysfunction. The DOX-stimulated expression of IκBα, NF-κB, COX-2, and IL-8 were all downregulated by exercise as well as the fibrosis factors (TGF-β1, phosphorylated ERK, Sp1, and CTGF). Moreover, we showed that treadmill exercise diminished the expression of several cardiac remodeling-associated factors, such as FGF2, uPA, MMP2, and MMP9. These results were in line with the finding that exercise intervention reduced cardiac fibrosis and restored cardiac function, with higher values of ejection fraction and fractional shortening compared to the DOX-treated group. Two commonly used indicators of cardiac injury, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase-MB, were also decreased in the exercise group. Collectively, our results suggested that it may be beneficial to prescribe treadmill exercise as an adjunct therapy to limit cardiac damage caused by DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Lun Yang
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (H.-L.Y.); (C.-H.H.); (H.-C.C.); (W.-C.C.)
| | - Pei-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (P.-L.H.); (P.-M.C.)
| | - Ching-Hsia Hung
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (H.-L.Y.); (C.-H.H.); (H.-C.C.); (W.-C.C.)
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ching Cheng
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (H.-L.Y.); (C.-H.H.); (H.-C.C.); (W.-C.C.)
| | - Wan-Ching Chou
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (H.-L.Y.); (C.-H.H.); (H.-C.C.); (W.-C.C.)
| | - Pei-Ming Chu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (P.-L.H.); (P.-M.C.)
| | - Yun-Ching Chang
- Department of Nursing, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung 821, Taiwan;
| | - Kun-Ling Tsai
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (H.-L.Y.); (C.-H.H.); (H.-C.C.); (W.-C.C.)
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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31
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Nam JM, Lim JE, Ha TW, Oh B, Kang JO. Cardiac-specific inactivation of Prdm16 effects cardiac conduction abnormalities and cardiomyopathy-associated phenotypes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 318:H764-H777. [PMID: 32083975 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00647.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A variant in the PRDM16 locus has been correlated with QRS duration in an electrocardiogram genome-wide association study, and the deletion of PRDM16 has been implicated as a causal factor of the dilated cardiomyopathy that is linked to 1p36 deletion syndrome. We aimed to determine how a null mutation of Prdm16 affects cardiac function and study the underlying mechanism of the resulting phenotype in an appropriate mouse model. We used cardiac-specific Prdm16 conditional knockout mice to examine cardiac function by electrocardiography. QRS duration and QTc interval increased significantly in cardiac-specific Prdm16 knockout animals compared with wild-type mice. Further, we assessed cardiomyopathy-associated features by trichrome staining, densitometry, and hydroxyproline assay. Prdm16-null hearts showed greater fibrosis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. By quantitative real-time PCR, Prdm16-null hearts upregulated extracellular matrix-related genes (Ctgf, Timp1) and α-smooth muscle actin (Acta2), a myofibroblast marker. Moreover, TGF-β signaling was activated in Prdm16-null hearts, as evidenced by increased Tgfb1-3 transcript levels and phosphorylated Smad2. However, the inhibition of TGF-β receptor did not reverse the aberrations in conduction in cardiac-specific Prdm16 knockout mice. To determine the underlying mechanisms, we performed RNA-seq using mouse left ventricular tissue. By functional analysis, Prdm16-null hearts experienced dysregulated expression of ion channel genes, including Kcne1, Scn5a, Cacna1h, and Cacna2d2. Mice with Prdm16-null hearts develop abnormalities in cardiac conduction and cardiomyopathy-associated phenotypes, including fibrosis and cellular hypertrophy. Further, the RNA-seq findings suggest that impairments in ion homeostasis (Ca2+, K+, and Na+) may at least partially underlie the abnormal conduction in cardiac-specific Prdm16 knockout mice.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study that describes aberrant cardiac function and cardiomyopathy-associated phenotypes in an appropriate murine genetic model with cardiomyocyte-specific Prdm16-null mutation. It is noteworthy that the correlation of PRDM16 with QRS duration is replicated in a murine animal model and the potential underlying mechanism may be the impairment of ion homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Min Nam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Woong Ha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bermseok Oh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-One Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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32
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Chaqour B. Caught between a "Rho" and a hard place: are CCN1/CYR61 and CCN2/CTGF the arbiters of microvascular stiffness? J Cell Commun Signal 2019; 14:21-29. [PMID: 31376071 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-019-00529-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a deformable dynamic structure that dictates the behavior, function and integrity of blood vessels. The composition, density, chemistry and architecture of major globular and fibrillar proteins of the matrisome regulate the mechanical properties of the vasculature (i.e., stiffness/compliance). ECM proteins are linked via integrins to a protein adhesome directly connected to the actin cytoskeleton and various downstream signaling pathways that enable the cells to respond to external stimuli in a coordinated manner and maintain optimal tissue stiffness. However, cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, ischemia and aging compromise the mechanical balance of the vascular wall. Stiffening of large blood vessels is associated with well-known qualitative and quantitative changes of fibrillar and fibrous macromolecules of the vascular matrisome. However, the mechanical properties of the thin-walled microvasculature are essentially defined by components of the subendothelial matrix. Cellular communication network (CCN) 1 and 2 proteins (aka Cyr61 and CTGF, respectively) of the CCN protein family localize in and act on the pericellular matrix of microvessels and constitute primary candidate markers and regulators of microvascular compliance. CCN1 and CCN2 bind various integrin and non-integrin receptors and initiate signaling pathways that regulate connective tissue remodeling and response to injury, the associated mechanoresponse of vascular cells, and the subsequent inflammatory response. The CCN1 and CCN2 genes are themselves responsive to mechanical stimuli in vascular cells, wherein mechanotransduction signaling converges into the common Rho GTPase pathway, which promotes actomyosin-based contractility and cellular stiffening. However, CCN1 and CCN2 each exhibit unique functional attributes in these processes. A better understanding of their synergistic or antagonistic effects on the maintenance (or loss) of microvascular compliance in physiological and pathological situations will assist more broadly based studies of their functional properties and translational value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahim Chaqour
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York - SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Avenue, MSC 5, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA.
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33
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Rocca C, Scavello F, Colombo B, Gasparri AM, Dallatomasina A, Granieri MC, Amelio D, Pasqua T, Cerra MC, Tota B, Corti A, Angelone T. Physiological levels of chromogranin A prevent doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity without impairing its anticancer activity. FASEB J 2019; 33:7734-7747. [PMID: 30973759 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802707r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The clinical use of doxorubicin (Doxo), a widely used anticancer chemotherapeutic drug, is limited by dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. We have investigated whether chromogranin A (CgA), a cardioregulatory protein released in the blood by the neuroendocrine system and by the heart itself, may contribute to regulation of the cardiotoxic and antitumor activities of Doxo. The effects of a physiologic dose of full-length recombinant CgA on Doxo-induced cardiotoxicity and antitumor activity were investigated in rats using in vivo and ex vivo models and in murine models of melanoma, fibrosarcoma, lymphoma, and lung cancer, respectively. The effect of Doxo on circulating levels of CgA was also investigated. In vivo and ex vivo mechanistic studies showed that CgA can prevent Doxo-induced heart inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, fibrosis, and ischemic injury. On the other hand, CgA did not impair the anticancer activity of Doxo in all the murine models investigated. Furthermore, we observed that Doxo can reduce the intracardiac expression and release of CgA in the blood (i.e., an important cardioprotective agent). These findings suggest that administration of low-dose CgA to patients with low levels of endogenous CgA might represent a novel approach to prevent Doxo-induced adverse events without impairing antitumor effects.-Rocca, C., Scavello, F., Colombo, B., Gasparri, A. M., Dallatomasina, A., Granieri, M. C., Amelio, D., Pasqua, T., Cerra, M. C., Tota, B., Corti, A., Angelone, T. Physiological levels of chromogranin A prevent doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity without impairing its anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Rocca
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiac Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology, and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende (Cosenza), Italy
| | - Francesco Scavello
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiac Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology, and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende (Cosenza), Italy
| | - Barbara Colombo
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Gasparri
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Dallatomasina
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Granieri
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiac Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology, and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende (Cosenza), Italy
| | - Daniela Amelio
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiac Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology, and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende (Cosenza), Italy
| | - Teresa Pasqua
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiac Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology, and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende (Cosenza), Italy
| | - Maria Carmela Cerra
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiac Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology, and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende (Cosenza), Italy.,National Institute of Cardiovascular Research (INRC), Bologna, Italy
| | - Bruno Tota
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiac Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology, and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende (Cosenza), Italy.,National Institute of Cardiovascular Research (INRC), Bologna, Italy
| | - Angelo Corti
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Tommaso Angelone
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiac Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology, and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende (Cosenza), Italy.,National Institute of Cardiovascular Research (INRC), Bologna, Italy
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34
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Inflammation and fibrosis in murine models of heart failure. Basic Res Cardiol 2019; 114:19. [PMID: 30887214 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-019-0722-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure is a consequence of various cardiovascular diseases and associated with poor prognosis. Despite progress in the treatment of heart failure in the past decades, prevalence and hospitalisation rates are still increasing. Heart failure is typically associated with cardiac remodelling. Here, inflammation and fibrosis are thought to play crucial roles. During cardiac inflammation, immune cells invade the cardiac tissue and modulate tissue-damaging responses. Cardiac fibrosis, however, is characterised by an increased amount and a disrupted composition of extracellular matrix proteins. As evidence exists that cardiac inflammation and fibrosis are potentially reversible in experimental and clinical set ups, they are interesting targets for innovative heart failure treatments. In this context, animal models are important as they mimic clinical conditions of heart failure patients. The advantages of mice in this respect are short generation times and genetic modifications. As numerous murine models of heart failure exist, the selection of a proper disease model for a distinct research question is demanding. To facilitate this selection, this review aims to provide an overview about the current understanding of the pathogenesis of cardiac inflammation and fibrosis in six frequently used murine models of heart failure. Hence, it compares the models of myocardial infarction with or without reperfusion, transverse aortic constriction, chronic subjection to angiotensin II or deoxycorticosterone acetate, and coxsackievirus B3-induced viral myocarditis in this context. It furthermore provides information about the clinical relevance and the limitations of each model, and, if applicable, about the recent advancements in their methodological proceedings.
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35
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Vainio LE, Szabó Z, Lin R, Ulvila J, Yrjölä R, Alakoski T, Piuhola J, Koch WJ, Ruskoaho H, Fouse SD, Seeley TW, Gao E, Signore P, Lipson KE, Magga J, Kerkelä R. Connective Tissue Growth Factor Inhibition Enhances Cardiac Repair and Limits Fibrosis After Myocardial Infarction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 4:83-94. [PMID: 30847422 PMCID: PMC6390503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI)-induced cardiac fibrosis attenuates cardiac contractile function, and predisposes to arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is elevated in affected organs in virtually every fibrotic disorder and in the diseased human myocardium. Mice were subjected to treatment with a CTGF monoclonal antibody (mAb) during infarct repair, post-MI left ventricular (LV) remodeling, or acute ischemia-reperfusion injury. CTGF mAb therapy during infarct repair improved survival and reduced LV dysfunction, and reduced post-MI LV hypertrophy and fibrosis. Mechanistically, CTGF mAb therapy induced expression of cardiac developmental and/or repair genes and attenuated expression of inflammatory and/or fibrotic genes.
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Key Words
- CTGF, connective tissue growth factor
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase
- FB, fibroblast
- HF, heart failure
- I/R, ischemia−reperfusion
- Ig, immunoglobulin
- JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase
- LV, left ventricular
- MI, myocardial infarction
- TGF, transforming growth factor
- connective tissue growth factor monoclonal antibody
- fibrosis
- heart failure
- ischemia−reperfusion injury
- left ventricle
- mAb, monoclonal antibody
- myocardial infarction
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Vainio
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Zoltán Szabó
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ruizhu Lin
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Ulvila
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Raisa Yrjölä
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tarja Alakoski
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jarkko Piuhola
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Walter J Koch
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Heikki Ruskoaho
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Johanna Magga
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Risto Kerkelä
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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36
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de Boer RA, De Keulenaer G, Bauersachs J, Brutsaert D, Cleland JG, Diez J, Du XJ, Ford P, Heinzel FR, Lipson KE, McDonagh T, Lopez-Andres N, Lunde IG, Lyon AR, Pollesello P, Prasad SK, Tocchetti CG, Mayr M, Sluijter JPG, Thum T, Tschöpe C, Zannad F, Zimmermann WH, Ruschitzka F, Filippatos G, Lindsey ML, Maack C, Heymans S. Towards better definition, quantification and treatment of fibrosis in heart failure. A scientific roadmap by the Committee of Translational Research of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur J Heart Fail 2019; 21:272-285. [PMID: 30714667 PMCID: PMC6607480 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a pivotal player in heart failure development and progression. Measurements of (markers of) fibrosis in tissue and blood may help to diagnose and risk stratify patients with heart failure, and its treatment may be effective in preventing heart failure and its progression. A lack of pathophysiological insights and uniform definitions has hampered the research in fibrosis and heart failure. The Translational Research Committee of the Heart Failure Association discussed several aspects of fibrosis in their workshop. Early insidious perturbations such as subclinical hypertension or inflammation may trigger first fibrotic events, while more dramatic triggers such as myocardial infarction and myocarditis give rise to full blown scar formation and ongoing fibrosis in diseased hearts. Aging itself is also associated with a cardiac phenotype that includes fibrosis. Fibrosis is an extremely heterogeneous phenomenon, as several stages of the fibrotic process exist, each with different fibrosis subtypes and a different composition of various cells and proteins — resulting in a very complex pathophysiology. As a result, detection of fibrosis, e.g. using current cardiac imaging modalities or plasma biomarkers, will detect only specific subforms of fibrosis, but cannot capture all aspects of the complex fibrotic process. Furthermore, several anti‐fibrotic therapies are under investigation, but such therapies generally target aspecific aspects of the fibrotic process and suffer from a lack of precision. This review discusses the mechanisms and the caveats and proposes a roadmap for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf A de Boer
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dirk Brutsaert
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - John G Cleland
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics & Clinical Trials, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Javier Diez
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, Departments of Nephrology, and Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University Clinic, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Xiao-Jun Du
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Frank R Heinzel
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charite Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Natalia Lopez-Andres
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Universidad Publica de Navarra, Idisna, Spain
| | - Ida G Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexander R Lyon
- Royal Brompton Hospital, and Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Carlo G Tocchetti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Manuel Mayr
- The James Black Centre, King's College, University of London, London, UK
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- University Medical Centre Utrecht, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Excellence Cluster, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Tschöpe
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charite Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Faiez Zannad
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, CHU de Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Wolfram-Hubertus Zimmermann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gerasimos Filippatos
- Heart Failure Unit, Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Athens University Hospital Attikon, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Merry L Lindsey
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Heart Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center and Research Service, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Christoph Maack
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stephane Heymans
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,The Netherlands Heart Institute, Nl-HI, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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37
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Piek A, Silljé HHW, de Boer RA. The vicious cycle of arrhythmia and myocardial fibrosis. Eur J Heart Fail 2019; 21:492-494. [PMID: 30698320 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arnold Piek
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Herman H W Silljé
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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38
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Shababi M, Villalón E, Kaifer KA, DeMarco V, Lorson CL. A Direct Comparison of IV and ICV Delivery Methods for Gene Replacement Therapy in a Mouse Model of SMARD1. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2018; 10:348-360. [PMID: 30202772 PMCID: PMC6127875 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 (SMARD1) is an infantile autosomal recessive disease caused by the loss of the ubiquitously expressed IGHMBP2 gene. SMARD1 causes degeneration of alpha-motor neurons, resulting in distal muscle weakness, diaphragm paralysis, and respiratory malfunction. We have reported that delivery of a low dose of AAV9-IGHMBP2 to the CNS results in a significant rescue of the SMARD1 mouse model (nmd). To examine how a delivery route can impact efficacy, a direct comparison of intravenous (IV) and intracerebroventricular (ICV) delivery of AAV9-IGHMBP2 was performed. Using a low-dose, both IV and ICV delivery routes led to a significant extension in survival and increased body weight. Conversely, only ICV-treated animals demonstrated improvements in the hindlimb muscle, neuromuscular junction, and motor function. The hindlimb phenotype of IV-treated mice resembled the untreated nmd mice. We investigated whether the increased survival of IV-treated nmd mice was the result of a positive impact on the cardiac function. Our results revealed that cardiac function and pathology were similarly improved in IV- and ICV-treated mice. We concluded that while IV delivery of a low dose does not improve the hindlimb phenotype and motor function, partial restoration of cardiac performance is sufficient to significantly extend survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monir Shababi
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Eric Villalón
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Kevin A Kaifer
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Vince DeMarco
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Christian L Lorson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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39
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Koentges C, Pepin ME, Müsse C, Pfeil K, Alvarez SVV, Hoppe N, Hoffmann MM, Odening KE, Sossalla S, Zirlik A, Hein L, Bode C, Wende AR, Bugger H. Gene expression analysis to identify mechanisms underlying heart failure susceptibility in mice and humans. Basic Res Cardiol 2017; 113:8. [PMID: 29288409 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-017-0666-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Genetic factors are known to modulate cardiac susceptibility to ventricular hypertrophy and failure. To determine how strain influences the transcriptional response to pressure overload-induced heart failure (HF) and which of these changes accurately reflect the human disease, we analyzed the myocardial transcriptional profile of mouse strains with high (C57BL/6J) and low (129S1/SvImJ) susceptibility for HF development, which we compared to that of human failing hearts. Following transverse aortic constriction (TAC), C57BL/6J mice developed overt HF while 129S1/SvImJ did not. Despite a milder aortic constriction, impairment of ejection fraction and ventricular remodeling (dilation, fibrosis) was more pronounced in C57BL/6J mice. Similarly, changes in myocardial gene expression were more robust in C57BL/6J (461 genes) compared to 129S1/SvImJ mice (71 genes). When comparing these patterns to human dilated cardiomyopathy (1344 genes), C57BL/6J mice tightly grouped to human hearts. Overlay and bioinformatic analysis of the transcriptional profiles of C57BL/6J mice and human failing hearts identified six co-regulated genes (POSTN, CTGF, FN1, LOX, NOX4, TGFB2) with established link to HF development. Pathway enrichment analysis identified angiotensin and IGF-1 signaling as most enriched putative upstream regulator and pathway, respectively, shared between TAC-induced HF in C57BL/6J mice and in human failing hearts. TAC-induced heart failure in C57BL/6J mice more closely reflects the gene expression pattern of human dilated cardiomyopathy compared to 129S1/SvImJ mice. Unbiased as well as targeted gene expression and pathway analyses identified periostin, angiotensin signaling, and IGF-1 signaling as potential causes of increased HF susceptibility in C57BL/6J mice and as potentially useful drug targets for HF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Koentges
- Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, Freiburg University, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mark E Pepin
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 19th Street South, BMR2 Rm 506, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Carolyn Müsse
- Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, Freiburg University, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Pfeil
- Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, Freiburg University, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sonia V Viteri Alvarez
- Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, Freiburg University, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Natalie Hoppe
- Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, Freiburg University, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael M Hoffmann
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katja E Odening
- Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, Freiburg University, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Sossalla
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Zirlik
- Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, Freiburg University, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lutz Hein
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, BIOSS Center for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Bode
- Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, Freiburg University, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Adam R Wende
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 19th Street South, BMR2 Rm 506, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| | - Heiko Bugger
- Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, Freiburg University, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany. .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Laskaratos F, Rombouts K, Caplin M, Toumpanakis C, Thirlwell C, Mandair D. Neuroendocrine tumors and fibrosis: An unsolved mystery? Cancer 2017; 123:4770-4790. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Krista Rombouts
- Regenerative Medicine and Fibrosis Group, Institute for Liver and Digestive HealthUniversity College London, Royal Free HospitalLondon United Kingdom
| | - Martyn Caplin
- Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, ENETS Centre of ExcellenceRoyal Free HospitalLondon United Kingdom
| | - Christos Toumpanakis
- Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, ENETS Centre of ExcellenceRoyal Free HospitalLondon United Kingdom
| | - Christina Thirlwell
- Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, ENETS Centre of ExcellenceRoyal Free HospitalLondon United Kingdom
- University College London Cancer InstituteUniversity College LondonLondon United Kingdom
| | - Dalvinder Mandair
- Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, ENETS Centre of ExcellenceRoyal Free HospitalLondon United Kingdom
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41
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Higa R, Roberti SL, Capobianco E, Fornes D, White V, Jawerbaum A. Pro-oxidant/pro-inflammatory alterations in the offspring´s heart of mild diabetic rats are regulated by maternal treatments with a mitochondrial antioxidant. Reprod Toxicol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
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Schreckenberg R, Horn AM, da Costa Rebelo RM, Simsekyilmaz S, Niemann B, Li L, Rohrbach S, Schlüter KD. Effects of 6-months' Exercise on Cardiac Function, Structure and Metabolism in Female Hypertensive Rats-The Decisive Role of Lysyl Oxidase and Collagen III. Front Physiol 2017; 8:556. [PMID: 28824452 PMCID: PMC5541302 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: According to the current therapeutic guidelines of the WHO physical activity and exercise are recommended as first-line therapy of arterial hypertension. Previous results lead to the conclusion, however, that hearts of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with established hypertension cannot compensate for the haemodynamic stresses caused by long-term exercise. The current study was initiated to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on the cardiac remodeling as the sole therapeutic measure before and during hypertension became established. Methods: Beginning at their 6th week of life, six SHR were provided with a running wheel over a period of 6 months. Normotensive Wistar rats served as non-hypertensive controls. Results: In Wistar rats and SHR, voluntary exercise led to cardioprotective adaptation reactions that were reflected in increased mitochondrial respiration, reduced heart rate and improved systolic function. Exercise also had antioxidant effects and reduced the expression of maladaptive genes (TGF-β1, CTGF, and FGF2). However, at the end of the 6-months' training, the echocardiograms revealed that SHR runners developed a restrictive cardiomyopathy. The induction of lysyl oxidase (LOX), which led to an increased network of matrix proteins and a massive elevation in collagen III expression, was identified as the underlying cause. Conclusions: Running-induced adaptive mechanisms effectively counteract the classic remodeling of hearts subject to chronic pressure loads. However, with sustained running stress, signaling pathways are activated that have a negative effect on left ventricular relaxation. Our data suggest that the induction of LOX may play a causative role in the diagnosed filling disorder in trained SHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Schreckenberg
- Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität GiessenGiessen, Germany
| | - Anja-Maria Horn
- Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität GiessenGiessen, Germany
| | | | - Sakine Simsekyilmaz
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum DüsseldorfDüsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bernd Niemann
- Klinik für Herz-, Kinderherz- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum GiessenGiessen, Germany
| | - Ling Li
- Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität GiessenGiessen, Germany
| | - Susanne Rohrbach
- Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität GiessenGiessen, Germany
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43
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Yao Y, Li B, Fu C, Teng G, Ma G, Liu N. Anti-connective tissue growth factor detects and reduces plaque inflammation in early-stage carotid atherosclerotic lesions. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 13:2385-2394. [PMID: 28782610 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This study explored connective tissue growth factor (CTGF)-targeted ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxides (USPIOs) for noninvasive MRI of CTGF within carotid atherosclerotic lesions in apoE-deficient (apoE-/-) mice. Anti-CTGF polyclonal and nonspecific IgG antibodies were conjugated to polyethylene glycol-coated USPIOs, and apoE-/- carotid partial ligation-model mice were imaged via MRI before and after contrast administration. ApoE-/- mice were treated with CTGF-neutralizing antibodies for 3 weeks. Carotid artery diameter and plaque volume were measured via MRI in IgG and CTGF antibody-treated groups. Anti-CTGF-USPIO-treated macrophages showed the greatest iron uptake. MRI signal loss was observed in carotid atherosclerotic lesions 24 h after anti-CTGF-USPIO administration, consistent with the presence of nanoparticles, as indicated by pathological examinations. Atheromata in anti-CTGF-treated mice showed reduced macrophage deposition, CTGF expression, and plaque volume. Anti-CTGF-USPIOs can be used for the direct detection of CTGF and imaging of atherosclerotic lesions in vivo. CTGF is a potential therapeutic target for treating atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyu Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Cong Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Gaojun Teng
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Molecular and Function Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Genshan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Naifeng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
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44
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Chung CC, Kao YH, Yao CJ, Lin YK, Chen YJ. A comparison of left and right atrial fibroblasts reveals different collagen production activity and stress-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling in rats. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 220:432-445. [PMID: 27875022 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM Atrial fibrosis plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of heart failure (HF). The left atrium (LA) experiences greater fibrosis than the right atrium (RA) during HF. It is not clear whether LA cardiac fibroblasts contain distinctive activities that predispose LA to fibrosis. METHODS LA and RA fibrosis were evaluated in healthy and isoproterenol-induced HF Sprague Dawley rats. Rat LA and RA primary isolated fibroblasts were subjected to proliferation assay, oxidative stress assay, cell migration analysis, collagen measurement, cytokine array and Western blot. RESULTS Healthy rat LA and RA had a similar extent of collagen deposition. HF significantly increased fibrosis to a greater severity in LA than in RA. Compared to isolated RA fibroblasts, the in vitro experiments showed that isolated LA fibroblasts had higher oxidative stress and exhibited higher collagen, transforming growth factor-β1, connective tissue growth factor production and less vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production, but had similar migration, myofibroblast differentiation and proliferation activities. VEGF significantly increased the collagen production ability of LA fibroblasts, but not RA fibroblasts. LA fibroblasts had more phosphorylated ERK1/2 and P38 expression. ERK inhibitor (PD98059, 50 μmol L-1 ) significantly attenuated collagen production and increased VEGF production in RA fibroblasts but not in LA fibroblasts. P38 inhibitor (SB203580, 30 μmol L-1 ) significantly attenuated collagen production in LA fibroblasts but not in RA fibroblasts. P38 inhibitor also significantly increased VEGF production in RA and LA fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS Differences in profibrotic activity between LA and RA fibroblasts may be caused by different responses to mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- C.-C. Chung
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine; College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine; Wan Fang Hospital; School of Medicine; College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Y.-H. Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine; College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research; Wan Fang Hospital; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - C.-J. Yao
- Cancer Center; Wan Fang Hospital; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine; School of Medicine; College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Y.-K. Lin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine; Wan Fang Hospital; School of Medicine; College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Y.-J. Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine; College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine; Wan Fang Hospital; School of Medicine; College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
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45
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Hermida N, Michel L, Esfahani H, Dubois-Deruy E, Hammond J, Bouzin C, Markl A, Colin H, Steenbergen AV, De Meester C, Beauloye C, Horman S, Yin X, Mayr M, Balligand JL. Cardiac myocyte β3-adrenergic receptors prevent myocardial fibrosis by modulating oxidant stress-dependent paracrine signaling. Eur Heart J 2017; 39:888-898. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Hermida
- Department of Medicine, Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, 52 avenue Mounier, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lauriane Michel
- Department of Medicine, Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, 52 avenue Mounier, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hrag Esfahani
- Department of Medicine, Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, 52 avenue Mounier, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emilie Dubois-Deruy
- Department of Medicine, Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, 52 avenue Mounier, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joanna Hammond
- Department of Medicine, Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, 52 avenue Mounier, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- Department of Medicine, Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, 52 avenue Mounier, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Andreas Markl
- Department of Medicine, Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, 52 avenue Mounier, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Henri Colin
- Department of Medicine, Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, 52 avenue Mounier, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Van Steenbergen
- Division of Cardiology, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, 10 Avenue Hippocrate, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe De Meester
- Division of Cardiology, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, 10 Avenue Hippocrate, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe Beauloye
- Division of Cardiology, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, 10 Avenue Hippocrate, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Horman
- Division of Cardiology, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, 10 Avenue Hippocrate, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xiaoke Yin
- King’s British Heart Foundation Center, King’s College, 125 Coldharbour Lane, SE5 9NU, London, UK
| | - Manuel Mayr
- King’s British Heart Foundation Center, King’s College, 125 Coldharbour Lane, SE5 9NU, London, UK
| | - Jean-Luc Balligand
- Department of Medicine, Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, 52 avenue Mounier, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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Rani S, Sreenivasaiah PK, Kim JO, Lee MY, Kang WS, Kim YS, Ahn Y, Park WJ, Cho C, Kim DH. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) attenuates pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176071. [PMID: 28426781 PMCID: PMC5398705 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pressure overload in the heart induces pathological hypertrophy and is associated with cardiac dysfunction. Apoptosis and fibrosis signaling initiated by the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is known to contribute to these maladaptive effects. The aim of this study was to investigate whether reduction of ERS by a known chemical chaperone, tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) can attenuate pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling in a mouse model of transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Oral administration of TUDCA at a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight (BW) in the TUDCA-TAC group reduced ERS markers (GRP78, p-PERK, and p-eIf2α), compared to the Vehicle (Veh)-TAC group. TUDCA administration, for 4 weeks after TAC significantly reduced cardiac hypertrophy as shown by the reduced heart weight (HW) to BW ratio, and expression of hypertrophic marker genes (ANF, BNP, and α-SKA). Masson's trichrome staining showed that myocardial fibrosis and collagen deposition were also significantly reduced in the TUDCA-TAC group. We also found that TUDCA significantly decreased expression of TGF-β signaling proteins and collagen isoforms. TUDCA administration also reduced cardiac apoptosis and the related proteins in the TUDCA-TAC group. Microarray analysis followed by gene ontology (GO) and pathway analysis demonstrated that extracellular matrix genes responsible for hypertrophy and fibrosis, and mitochondrial genes responsible for apoptosis and fatty acid metabolism were significantly altered in the Veh-TAC group, but the alterations were normalized in the TUDCA-TAC group, suggesting potential of TUDCA in treatment of heart diseases related to pressure-overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Rani
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
| | | | - Jin Ock Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Mi Young Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Wan Seok Kang
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yong Sook Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Youngkeun Ahn
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Woo Jin Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Chunghee Cho
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Do Han Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Pedram A, Razandi M, Narayanan R, Levin ER. Estrogen receptor beta signals to inhibition of cardiac fibrosis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 434:57-68. [PMID: 27321970 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis evolves from the cardiac hypertrophic state. In this respect, estrogen and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) inhibit the effects of cardiac hypertrophic peptides that also stimulate fibrosis. Here we determine details of the anti-fibrotic functions of ERβ. In acutely isolated rat cardiac fibroblasts. E2 or a specific ERβ agonist (βLGND2) blocked angiotensin II (AngII) signaling to fibrosis. This resulted from ERβ activating protein kinase A and AMP kinase, inhibiting both AngII de-phosphorylation of RhoA and the resulting stimulation of Rho kinase. Inhibition of Rho kinase from ERβ signaling resulted in marked decrease of TGFβ expression, connective tissue growth factor production and function, matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 expression and activity, and the conversion of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. Production of collagens I and III were also significantly decreased. Several important aspects were corroborated in-vivo from βLGND2-treated mice that underwent AngII-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Thus, ERβ in cardiac fibroblasts prevents key aspects of cardiac fibrosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Pedram
- Division of Endocrinology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA 90822, United States
| | - Mahnaz Razandi
- Division of Endocrinology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA 90822, United States
| | - Ramesh Narayanan
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TE, 38163, United States
| | - Ellis R Levin
- Division of Endocrinology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA 90822, United States; Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717, United States.
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Barallobre-Barreiro J, Lynch M, Yin X, Mayr M. Systems biology-opportunities and challenges: the application of proteomics to study the cardiovascular extracellular matrix. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 112:626-636. [PMID: 27635058 PMCID: PMC5157133 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Systems biology approaches including proteomics are becoming more widely used in cardiovascular research. In this review article, we focus on the application of proteomics to the cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM remodelling is a hallmark of many cardiovascular diseases. Proteomic techniques using mass spectrometry (MS) provide a platform for the comprehensive analysis of ECM proteins without a priori assumptions. Proteomics overcomes various constraints inherent to conventional antibody detection. On the other hand, studies that use whole tissue lysates for proteomic analysis mask the identification of the less abundant ECM constituents. In this review, we first discuss decellularization-based methods that enrich for ECM proteins in cardiac tissue, and how targeted MS allows for accurate protein quantification. The second part of the review will focus on post-translational modifications including hydroxylation and glycosylation and on the release of matrix fragments with biological activity (matrikines), all of which can be interrogated by proteomic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Lynch
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Xiaoke Yin
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Manuel Mayr
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
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Zheng X, Li X, Lyu Y, He Y, Wan W, Jiang X. Renal Sympathetic Denervation in Rats Ameliorates Cardiac Dysfunction and Fibrosis Post-Myocardial Infarction Involving MicroRNAs. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:2751-60. [PMID: 27490896 PMCID: PMC4982530 DOI: 10.12659/msm.898105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role of renal sympathetic denervation (RSD) in ameliorating post-myocardial infarction (MI) left ventricular (LV) fibrosis via microRNA-dependent regulation of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) remains unknown. Material/Methods MI and RSD were induced in Sprague–Dawley rats by ligating the left coronary artery and denervating the bilateral renal nerves, respectively. Norepinephrine, renin, angiotensin II and aldosterone in plasma, collagen, microRNA21, microRNA 101a, microRNA 133a and CTGF in heart tissue, as well as cardiac function were evaluated six weeks post-MI. Results In the RSD group, parameters of cardiac function were significantly improved as evidenced by increased LV ejection fraction (p<0.01), LV end-systolic diameter (p<0.01), end-diastolic diameter (p<0.05), LV systolic pressure (p<0.05), maximal rate of pressure rise and decline (dP/dtmax and dP/dtmin, p<0.05), and decreased LV end-diastolic pressure (p<0.05) when compared with MI rats. Further, reduced collagen deposition in peri-infarct myocardium was observed in RSD-treated rats along with higher microRNA101a and microRNA133a (p<0.05) and lower microRNA21 expression (p<0.01) than in MI rats. CTGF mRNA and protein levels were decreased in LV following RSD (p<0.01), accompanied by decreased expression of norepinephrine, renin, angiotensin II and aldosterone in plasma (p<0.05) compared with untreated MI rats. Conclusions The potential therapeutic effects of RSD on post-MI LV fibrosis may be partly mediated by inhibition of CTGF expression via upregulation of microRNA 101a and microRNA 133a and downregulation of microRNA21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxin Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Yongnan Lyu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Yiyu He
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Weiguo Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
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50
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Gerritsen KG, Falke LL, van Vuuren SH, Leeuwis JW, Broekhuizen R, Nguyen TQ, de Borst GJ, Nathoe HM, Verhaar MC, Kok RJ, Goldschmeding R, Visseren FL. Plasma CTGF is independently related to an increased risk of cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with atherosclerotic disease: the SMART study. Growth Factors 2016; 34:149-58. [PMID: 27686612 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2016.1210142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) plays a key role in tissue fibrogenesis and growing evidence indicates a pathogenic role in cardiovascular disease. Aim of this study is to investigate the association of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2) with cardiovascular risk and mortality in patients with manifest vascular disease. METHODS AND RESULTS Plasma CTGF was measured by ELISA in a prospective cohort study of 1227 patients with manifest vascular disease (mean age 59.0 ± 9.9 years). Linear regression analysis was performed to quantify the association between CTGF and cardiovascular risk factors. Results are expressed as beta (β) regression coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The relation between CTGF and the occurrence of new cardiovascular events and mortality was assessed with Cox proportional hazard analysis. Adjustments were made for potential confounding factors. Plasma CTGF was positively related to total cholesterol (β 0.040;95%CI 0.013-0.067) and LDL cholesterol (β 0.031;95%CI 0.000-0.062) and inversely to glomerular filtration rate (β -0.004;95%CI -0.005 to -0.002). CTGF was significantly lower in patients with cerebrovascular disease. During a median follow-up of 6.5 years (IQR 5.3-7.4) 131 subjects died, 92 experienced an ischemic cardiac complication and 45 an ischemic stroke. CTGF was associated with an increased risk of new vascular events (HR 1.21;95%CI 1.04-1.42), ischemic cardiac events (HR 1.41;95%CI 1.18-1.67) and all-cause mortality (HR 1.18;95%CI 1.00-1.38) for every 1 nmol/L increase in CTGF. No relation was observed between CTGF and the occurrence of ischemic stroke. CONCLUSIONS In patients with manifest vascular disease, elevated plasma CTGF confers an increased risk of new cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin G Gerritsen
- a Department of Pathology
- b Department of Nephrology and Hypertension
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hendrik M Nathoe
- d Department of Cardiology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | | | - Robbert J Kok
- e Department of Pharmaceutics , Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands , and
| | | | - Frank L Visseren
- f Department of Vascular Medicine , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
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