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Mohd Efendy Goon MD, Zulkifli S, Abdullah Soheimi SS, Ab Rahim S, Abd Latip N, Hashim N, Kerisnan ND, E M Yahaya NK, Mohamed A, Sheikh Abdul Kadir SH. Association between polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and dioxin with metabolic syndrome (METS): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17941. [PMID: 39095444 PMCID: PMC11297331 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxin are persistent endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and have been associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the associations of PCBs and dioxin with MetS and its risk factors, including obesity, hypertriglyceridaemia (HTG), hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM). We searched three electronic databases for epidemiological studies concerning PCBs and dioxin with MetS published up to the end of 2023. Meta-analysis was performed for MetS itself and each of the MetS risks based on a random-effects meta-analysis model, and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained. Publication bias was assessed based on Egger's test. Eleven studies were included from three databases up to 2023. There were 40,528 participants aged 18-89, where 18-100% of them were males, included in our meta-analysis. The meta-analysis results showed a strong association between PCB exposure and DM (OR = 3.593, 95% CI 2.566, 5.031), while most of the risk factors for MetS, including obesity (OR = 1.875, 95% CI 0.883, 3.979), HTN (OR = 1.335, 95% CI 0.902, 1.976) and HTG (OR = 1.611, 95% CI 0.981, 2.643), were weakly associated with PCB. Furthermore, both PCBs (OR = 1.162, 95% CI 0.994, 1.357) and dioxin (OR = 2.742, 95% CI 1.936, 3.883) were found to be weakly and strongly associated with MetS, respectively. Meta-regression analysis showed that DM in the Asian population is associated with PCB exposure, while HTG in the Northern American population is associated with PCB exposure. Our meta-analysis has demonstrated a strong relationship between DM and PCBs, while the relationship between PCBs with MetS and other risk factors is less pronounced. Additionally, MetS is weakly associated with dioxin exposure. To improve primary care outcomes, healthcare providers should consider incorporating the assessment of patients' risk of exposure to PCBs and dioxins into their evaluation procedures for more targeted medical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Danial Mohd Efendy Goon
- Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerFoRM), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sarah Zulkifli
- Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerFoRM), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine Biotechnology (IMMB), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Suhana Abdullah Soheimi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine Biotechnology (IMMB), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sharaniza Ab Rahim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Normala Abd Latip
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, Puncak Alam, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norbaya Hashim
- National Water Research Institute of Malaysia (NAHRIM), Lot 5377, Jalan Putra Permai, 43300, Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nirmala Devi Kerisnan
- Sewerage Service Department (JPP), Block B, Level 2 and 3, Atmosphere PjH No 2, Jalan Tun Abdul Razak, Precinct 2, 62100, Federal Territory of Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Nasehir Khan E M Yahaya
- National Water Research Institute of Malaysia (NAHRIM), Lot 5377, Jalan Putra Permai, 43300, Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Alias Mohamed
- Sewerage Service Department (JPP), Block B, Level 2 and 3, Atmosphere PjH No 2, Jalan Tun Abdul Razak, Precinct 2, 62100, Federal Territory of Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Siti Hamimah Sheikh Abdul Kadir
- Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerFoRM), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Mancuso G, Violi F, Nocella C. Food contamination and cardiovascular disease: a narrative review. Intern Emerg Med 2024:10.1007/s11739-024-03610-x. [PMID: 38743129 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-024-03610-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among non-communicable diseases worldwide. Evidence shows that a healthy dietary pattern positively influences many risk factors of cardiometabolic health, stroke, and heart disease, supported by the effectiveness of healthy diet and lifestyles for the prevention of CVD. High quality and safety of foods are prerequisites to ensuring food security and beneficial effects. Contaminants can be present in foods mainly because of contamination from environmental sources (water, air, or soil pollution), or artificially introduced by the human. Moreover, the cross-contamination or formation during food processing, food packaging, presence or contamination by natural toxins, or use of unapproved food additives and adulterants. Numerous studies reported the association between food contaminants and cardiovascular risk by demonstrating that (1) the cross-contamination or artificial sweeteners, additives, and adulterants in food processing can be the cause of the risk for major adverse cardiovascular events and (2) environmental factors, such as heavy metals and chemical products can be also significant contributors to food contamination with a negative impact on cardiovascular systems. Furthermore, oxidative stress can be a common mechanism that mediates food contamination-associated CVDs as substantiated by studies showing impaired oxidative stress biomarkers after exposure to food contaminants.This narrative review summarizes the data suggesting how food contaminants may elicit artery injury and proposing oxidative stress as a mediator of cardiovascular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Mancuso
- Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Lamezia Terme Hospital, 88046, Lamezia Terme, Italy
| | - Francesco Violi
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Nocella
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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Mohammadkhani MA, Shahrzad S, Haghighi M, Ghanbari R, Mohamadkhani A. Insights into Organochlorine Pesticides Exposure in the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review. ARCHIVES OF IRANIAN MEDICINE 2023; 26:592-599. [PMID: 38310416 PMCID: PMC10862093 DOI: 10.34172/aim.2023.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Many human diseases such as cancer, neurological diseases, autism and diabetes are associated with exposure to pesticides, especially organochlorine pesticides. However, pesticide exposure is also associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) as the leading cause of death worldwide. In this systematic review, results on the link between organochlorine pesticide pollution and CVD were collected from databases (Medline (PubMed), Scopus and Science Direct) in May 2022 from studies published between 2010 and 2022. A total of 24 articles were selected for this systematic review. Sixteen articles were extracted by reviewers using a standardized form that included cross-sectional, cohort, and ecological studies that reported exposure to organochlorine pesticides in association with increased CVD risk. In addition, eight articles covering molecular mechanisms organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on cardiovascular effects were retrieved for detailed evaluation. Based on the findings of the study, it seems elevated circulating levels of organochlorine pesticides and PCBs increase the risk of coronary heart disease, especially in early life exposure to these pesticides and especially in men. Changes in the regulatory function of peroxisome proliferator-activated γ receptor (PPARγ), reduction of paroxonase activity (PON1), epigenetic changes of histone through induction of reactive oxygen species, vascular endothelial inflammation with miR-expression 126 and miR-31, increased collagen synthesis enzymes in the extracellular matrix and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and fibrosis are mechanisms by which PCBs increase the risk of CVD. According to this systematic review, organochlorine pesticide exposure is associated with increased risk of CVD and CVD mortality through the atherogenic and inflammatory molecular mechanism involving fatty acid and glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soraya Shahrzad
- Department of Cardiology, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Haghighi
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ghanbari
- Gene Therapy Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashraf Mohamadkhani
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Alonso-Pedrero L, Donat-Vargas C, Bes-Rastrollo M, Ojeda-Rodríguez A, Zalba G, Razquin C, Martínez-González MA, Marti A. Dietary Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Dioxins and Its Relationship to Telomere Length in Subjects Older Than 55 Years from the SUN Project. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14020353. [PMID: 35057533 PMCID: PMC8779661 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) may influence telomere length (TL), which is considered as a marker of biological age associated with the risk of chronic disease. We hypothesized that dietary exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxins could affect TL. Our aim was to evaluate the association of dietary exposure to PCBs and dioxins with TL. In this cross-sectional study of 886 subjects older than 55 y (mean age: 67.7; standard deviation (SD): 6.1; 27% women) from the “Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra” (SUN) project. TL was determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and dietary PCBs and dioxins exposure was collected using a validated 136-item Food Frequency Questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression models were used to control for potential confounding factors. Shorter TL was associated with dietary total PCBs (SD of T/S ratio/(ng/day) = −0.30 × 10−7; 95% CI, −0.55 × 10−7 to −0.06 × 10−7), dioxin-like PCBs (DL-PCBs) (SD of T/S ratio/(pg WHO TEQ (Toxic Equivalents)/day) = −6.17 × 10−7; 95% CI, −11.30 × 10−7 to −1.03 × 10−7), and total TEQ exposure (SD of T/S ratio/(pg WHO TEQ/day) = −5.02 × 10−7; 95% CI, −9.44 × 10−7 to −0.61 × 10−7), but not with dioxins (SD of T/S ratio/(pg WHO TEQ/day) = −13.90 × 10−7; 95% CI, −37.70 × 10−7 to 9.79 × 10−7). In this sample of middle-aged and older Spanish adults, dietary exposure to total PCBs and DL-PCBs alone and together with dioxins was associated with shorter TL. Further longitudinal studies, preferably with POPs measured in biological samples, are needed to confirm this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Alonso-Pedrero
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.A.-P.); (A.O.-R.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.B.-R.); (G.Z.); (M.A.M.-G.)
| | - Carolina Donat-Vargas
- Departament of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CEI UAM+ CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Unit of Nutritional and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Environmental Medicine Institute (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERobn), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Maira Bes-Rastrollo
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.B.-R.); (G.Z.); (M.A.M.-G.)
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERobn), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Ojeda-Rodríguez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.A.-P.); (A.O.-R.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.B.-R.); (G.Z.); (M.A.M.-G.)
| | - Guillermo Zalba
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.B.-R.); (G.Z.); (M.A.M.-G.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristina Razquin
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERobn), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Martínez-González
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.B.-R.); (G.Z.); (M.A.M.-G.)
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERobn), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amelia Marti
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.A.-P.); (A.O.-R.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.B.-R.); (G.Z.); (M.A.M.-G.)
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERobn), Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-948-425600 (ext. 806244)
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Lind L, Araujo JA, Barchowsky A, Belcher S, Berridge BR, Chiamvimonvat N, Chiu WA, Cogliano VJ, Elmore S, Farraj AK, Gomes AV, McHale CM, Meyer-Tamaki KB, Posnack NG, Vargas HM, Yang X, Zeise L, Zhou C, Smith MT. Key Characteristics of Cardiovascular Toxicants. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2021; 129:95001. [PMID: 34558968 PMCID: PMC8462506 DOI: 10.1289/ehp9321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The concept of chemical agents having properties that confer potential hazard called key characteristics (KCs) was first developed to identify carcinogenic hazards. Identification of KCs of cardiovascular (CV) toxicants could facilitate the systematic assessment of CV hazards and understanding of assay and data gaps associated with current approaches. OBJECTIVES We sought to develop a consensus-based synthesis of scientific evidence on the KCs of chemical and nonchemical agents known to cause CV toxicity along with methods to measure them. METHODS An expert working group was convened to discuss mechanisms associated with CV toxicity. RESULTS The group identified 12 KCs of CV toxicants, defined as exogenous agents that adversely interfere with function of the CV system. The KCs were organized into those primarily affecting cardiac tissue (numbers 1-4 below), the vascular system (5-7), or both (8-12), as follows: 1) impairs regulation of cardiac excitability, 2) impairs cardiac contractility and relaxation, 3) induces cardiomyocyte injury and death, 4) induces proliferation of valve stroma, 5) impacts endothelial and vascular function, 6) alters hemostasis, 7) causes dyslipidemia, 8) impairs mitochondrial function, 9) modifies autonomic nervous system activity, 10) induces oxidative stress, 11) causes inflammation, and 12) alters hormone signaling. DISCUSSION These 12 KCs can be used to help identify pharmaceuticals and environmental pollutants as CV toxicants, as well as to better understand the mechanistic underpinnings of their toxicity. For example, evidence exists that fine particulate matter [PM ≤2.5μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5)] air pollution, arsenic, anthracycline drugs, and other exogenous chemicals possess one or more of the described KCs. In conclusion, the KCs could be used to identify potential CV toxicants and to define a set of test methods to evaluate CV toxicity in a more comprehensive and standardized manner than current approaches. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9321.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology, University of Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jesus A. Araujo
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health and Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Aaron Barchowsky
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Scott Belcher
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brian R. Berridge
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nipavan Chiamvimonvat
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Weihsueh A. Chiu
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Vincent J. Cogliano
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Oakland, California, USA
| | - Sarah Elmore
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Oakland, California, USA
| | - Aimen K. Farraj
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Aldrin V. Gomes
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Cliona M. McHale
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | | | - Nikki Gillum Posnack
- Children’s National Heart Institute and the Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Hugo M. Vargas
- Translational Safety & Bioanalytical Sciences, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - Xi Yang
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Office of Cardiology, Hematology, Endocrinology, and Nephrology, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Lauren Zeise
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Oakland, California, USA
| | - Changcheng Zhou
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Martyn T. Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
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Raffetti E, Donat-Vargas C, Mentasti S, Chinotti A, Donato F. Association between exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and risk of hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 255:126984. [PMID: 32679627 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Experimental and epidemiological studies have suggested an association between exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), ubiquitous environmental toxic compounds, and the risk of hypertension. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies of the association between PCB exposure and the risk of hypertension. Studies were identified by searching PubMed, Embase and Web of Science and by reviewing reference lists. Study-specific risk estimates comparing the highest versus lowest quantile of PCB distribution were combined using random-effects models. We identified 10 cross-sectional studies, 6 cohort studies, and 1 nested case-control study. A pooled excess risk of hypertension was found for total PCBs (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.28-2.26), dioxin-like (DL)-PCBs (OR 1.46, 1.19-1.79), but not for non-dioxin like (NDL)-PCBs (OR 1.19, 0.81-1.73) comparing the highest with the lowest quartile of the distribution. According to a dose-response meta-analysis, a linear dose-effect relationship was found for total PCBs [OR 2.23 (95% CI: 1.59-3.14) for 1000 ng PCB/g lipid increase]. This positive association remained when stratifying the analyses by study design (cohort vs cross-sectional studies) and population (general population vs high exposed workers/residents). Among single PCB congeners, DL-PCB 105 and 118, and non-DL-PCB138 and 153 were related to hypertension. In conclusion, this meta-analysis suggests that exposure to PCBs, particularly to DL-PCBs, may be a risk factor for hypertension, independently of other risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Raffetti
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
| | - Carolina Donat-Vargas
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain; CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Mentasti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Unit of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chinotti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Unit of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Donato
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Unit of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
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Donat-Vargas C, Moreno-Franco B, Laclaustra M, Sandoval-Insausti H, Jarauta E, Guallar-Castillon P. Exposure to dietary polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins, and its relationship with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis: The Aragon Workers' Health Study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 136:105433. [PMID: 31918334 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experimental evidence has revealed that exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxins directly impairs endothelial function and induces atherosclerosis progression. In the general population, despite a small number of recent studies finding a link between PCBs, and stroke and myocardial infraction, the association with early coronary atherosclerosis has not been examined yet. OBJECTIVE To examine whether dietary exposure to PCBs and dioxins is associated with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in a middle-aged men. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis comprising 1844 men in their 50 s and free of cardiovascular disease, who participated in the Aragon Workers' Health Study (AWHS). Individual dietary exposures to PCBs and dioxins were estimated by the contaminant's concentration in food coupled with the corresponding consumption and then participants were classified into quartiles of consumption. Coronary artery calcium score (CACS) was assessed by computerized tomography. We conducted ordered logistic regressions to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for progression to the categories of more coronary artery calcium, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Among the participants, coronary calcium was not shown in 60.1% (n = 1108), 29.8% had a CACS > 0 and <100 (n = 550), and the remaining 10.1% (n = 186) had a CACS ≥ 100. Compared with those in the first quartile of PCBs exposure, those in the fourth one had an increased odds for having coronary calcium (OR 2.02, 95% CI [1.18, 3.47], p trend 0.019) and for having progressed to categories of more intense calcification (OR 2.03, 95% CI [1.21, 3.40], p trend 0.012). However, no association was found between dietary dioxins exposure and prevalent coronary artery calcium. CONCLUSIONS In this general male population, dietary exposure to PCBs, but not to dioxins, was associated with a higher prevalence of coronary calcium and to more intense subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. PCBs exposure seems to increase the risk of coronary disease in men from the very early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Donat-Vargas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Unit of Nutritional and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Environmental Medicine Institute (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Moreno-Franco
- IIS Aragón, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain; CIBERCV Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martín Laclaustra
- IIS Aragón, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain; CIBERCV Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Agencia Aragonesa para la Investigación y el Desarrollo (ARAID), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Helena Sandoval-Insausti
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estibaliz Jarauta
- IIS Aragón, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain; CIBERCV Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Guallar-Castillon
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain; CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain; IMDEA-Food Institute, Madrid, Spain.
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8
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Pavuk M, Serio TC, Cusack C, Cave M, Rosenbaum PF, Birnbaum LS. Hypertension in Relation to Dioxins and Polychlorinated Biphenyls from the Anniston Community Health Survey Follow-Up. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2019; 127:127007. [PMID: 31858832 PMCID: PMC6957279 DOI: 10.1289/ehp5272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2014, we conducted a longitudinal study [Anniston Community Health Survey (ACHS II)] 8 y after the baseline (ACHS I). OBJECTIVES We investigated the relationship between persistent chlorinated compounds and hypertension in residents living around the former polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) production plant in Anniston, Alabama. We also examined the potential role of inflammatory cytokines in those with hypertension. METHODS A total of 338 participants had their blood pressure measured and medications recorded, gave a blood sample, and completed a questionnaire. Prevalent hypertension was defined as taking antihypertensive medication or having systolic blood pressure >140 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure >90 mmHg; incident hypertension used similar criteria in those who developed hypertension since the baseline in 2005-2007. PCB congeners were categorized into structure-activity groups, and toxic equivalencies (TEQs) were calculated for dioxin-like compounds. Descriptive statistics, logistic and linear regressions, as well as Cox proportional hazard models, were used to analyze the associations between exposures and hypertension. RESULTS Prevalent hypertension (78%) in ACHS II showed statistically significant adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for PCBs 74, 99, 138, 153, 167, 177, 183, and 187, ranging from 2.18 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10, 4.33] to 2.76 (95% CI: 1.14, 6.73), as well as for two estrogenic-like PCB groups, and the thyroid-like group [ORs ranging from 2.25 (95% CI: 1.07, 4.75) to 2.54 (95% CI: 1.13, 5.74)]. Furthermore, analysis of quartiles demonstrated a monotonic relationship for dioxin-like non-ortho (non-o)-PCB TEQs [fourth vs. first quartile: 3.66 (95% CI: 1.40, 9.56)]. Longitudinal analyses of incident hypertension supported those positive associations. The results were strongest for the di-o-PCBs [hazard ratio (HR)=1.93 (95% CI: 0.93, 4.00)] and estrogenic II PCB group [HR=1.90 (95% CI: 0.96, 3.78)] but were weaker for the dioxin TEQs. DISCUSSION Findings supportive of positive associations were reported for dioxin-like mono-o- and non-o-PCBs as well as for nondioxin-like estrogenic and thyroid-like congeners with prevalent and incident hypertension, suggesting that multiple pathways may be involved in hypertension development. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP5272.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Pavuk
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Tara C. Serio
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), ATSDR, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Caroline Cusack
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Matt Cave
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Paula F. Rosenbaum
- State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Linda S. Birnbaum
- National Cancer Institute at National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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Long Y, Liu X, Tan XZ, Jiang CX, Chen SW, Liang GN, He XM, Wu J, Chen T, Xu Y. ROS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome priming and activation mediate PCB 118- induced pyroptosis in endothelial cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 189:109937. [PMID: 31785945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Growing epidemiological evidence has shown that exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is harmful to the cardiovascular system. However, how PCB 118-induced oxidative stress mediates endothelial dysfunction is not fully understood. Here, we explored whether and how PCB 118 exposure-induced oxidative stress leads to NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis in endothelial cells. As expected, PCB 118 was cytotoxic to HUVECs and induced caspase-1 activation and cell membrane disruption, which are characteristics of pyroptosis. Moreover, PCB 118-induced pyroptosis may have been due to the activation of the NLRP3 infammasomes. PCB 118 also induced excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HUVECs. The ROS scavenger (±)-α-tocopherol and the NFκB inhibitor BAY11-7082 reversed the upregulation of NLRP3 expression and the increase in NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by PCB 118 exposure in HUVECs. Additionally, PCB 118-induced oxidative stress and pyroptosis were dependent on Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation and subsequent cytochrome P450 1A1 upregulation, which we confirmed by using the AhR selective antagonist CH 223191. These data suggest that PCB 118 exposure induces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and subsequently leads to pyroptosis in endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo. AhR-mediated ROS production play a central role in PCB 118-induced pyroptosis by priming NFκB-dependent NLRP3 expression and promoting inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Long
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, PR China; Laboratory of Endocrinology, Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xin Liu
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Tan
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Chun-Xia Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Shao-Wei Chen
- Medical Reproduction Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Guan-Nan Liang
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xue-Mei He
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jian Wu
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, PR China.
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Coxon T, Goldstein L, Odhiambo BK. Analysis of spatial distribution of trace metals, PCB, and PAH and their potential impact on human health in Virginian Counties and independent cities, USA. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2019; 41:783-801. [PMID: 30109527 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-018-0172-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Increasing anthropogenic alteration has resulted in increased exposure to both point and nonpoint source pollution. These exposures are increasingly studied for their role in human diseases, including diseases with known genetic or lifestyle risk factors. This study analyzed associations between a variety of human diseases and trace metals, PCBs, and PAHs in soil, groundwater, sediment, and fish. Contaminant spatial data at the county level from Virginia were used in ArcGIS to identify these associations among socially vulnerable populations. The neurologic and psychiatric disorders and cognitive markers were associated with numerous metals in groundwater/soil and/or aquatic system contaminants. Cancer death rates, fetal deaths, and infant deaths were also related to multiple environmental exposures from both categories of exposure. In contrast, many of the chronic diseases which are primarily attributed to lifestyle showed little association with these exposures with the exception of COPD which did appear to be associated with multiple metal exposures. Asthma showed similar associations compared to COPD. Our data suggest that within the context of socially vulnerable populations, where disease burden is often highest, exposures to metals, PAHs, and PCBs may play a role in the development or exacerbation of several highly prevalent categories of disease. These environmental exposures likely act through a variety of pathways all generally leading to increased oxidative stress, inflammation, or interference with biological systems and a subsequent role in disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Coxon
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Mary Washington, 1301, Fredericksburg, VA, 22401, USA
| | - L Goldstein
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Mary Washington, 1301, Fredericksburg, VA, 22401, USA
| | - B K Odhiambo
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Mary Washington, 1301, Fredericksburg, VA, 22401, USA.
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11
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The environmental pollutant, polychlorinated biphenyls, and cardiovascular disease: a potential target for antioxidant nanotherapeutics. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2018; 8:740-759. [PMID: 28975503 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-017-0429-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite production having stopped in the 1970s, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) represent persistent organic pollutants that continue to pose a serious human health risk. Exposure to PCBs has been linked to chronic inflammatory diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, as well as hepatic disorders, endocrine dysfunction, neurological deficits, and many others. This is further complicated by the PCB's strong hydrophobicity, resulting in their ability to accumulate up the food chain and to be stored in fat deposits. This means that completely avoiding exposure is not possible, thus requiring the need to develop intervention strategies that can mitigate disease risks associated with exposure to PCBs. Currently, there is excitement in the use of nutritional compounds as a way of inhibiting the inflammation associated with PCBs, yet the suboptimal delivery and pharmacology of these compounds may not be sufficient in more acute exposures. In this review, we discuss the current state of knowledge of PCB toxicity and some of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory nanocarrier systems that may be useful as an enhanced treatment modality for reducing PCB toxicity.
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Donat-Vargas C, Åkesson A, Tornevi A, Wennberg M, Sommar J, Kiviranta H, Rantakokko P, Bergdahl IA. Persistent Organochlorine Pollutants in Plasma, Blood Pressure, and Hypertension in a Longitudinal Study. Hypertension 2018; 71:1258-1268. [PMID: 29712742 PMCID: PMC5959216 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.10691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Persistent organochlorine pollutants (POPs) have shown to be involved in the atherosclerotic process and to cause endothelial cell dysfunction. To assess longitudinally whether plasma concentrations of different POPs were associated with blood pressure and risk of hypertension in middle-aged women and men. Study subjects were 850 participants in the VIP (Västerbotten Intervention Programme) with 2 blood samples and blood pressure measurements, 10 years apart, during 1990 to 2003 (baseline) and during 2000 to 2013 (follow-up). Dioxin-like and nondioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs, NDL-PCBs) and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) were measured. Associations were assessed using generalized estimating equations. At baseline sampling 49% and at follow-up 64% had hypertension. DL-PCBs and DDE, but not NDL-PCBs or hexachlorobenzene, were associated with hypertension. Only the association for DL-PCBs remained statistically significant after lipid-standardization and adjustment for body mass index and total serum lipids. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio of hypertension based on repeated measurements were 1.52 (95% confidence interval, 1.08-2.13) for DL-PCBs (third versus first tertile of lipid-standardized POPs). In stratified adjusted analyses, odds ratio for those born after 1950 increased to 3.99 (95% confidence interval, 2.15-7.43), whereas no association was observed among those born earlier. Based on repeated measurements, the accumulated exposure to DL-PCBs and DDE, although less clear for the latter, may disrupt the normal blood pressure levels and increase the odds of hypertension. Moreover, individuals experiencing early-life POP exposure may be at elevated risk of vascular POP effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Donat-Vargas
- From the Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (C.D.-V., A.A.)
| | - Agneta Åkesson
- From the Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (C.D.-V., A.A.)
| | - Andreas Tornevi
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine (A.T., J.S., I.A.B.)
| | | | - Johan Sommar
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine (A.T., J.S., I.A.B.)
| | - Hannu Kiviranta
- Umeå University, Sweden; and Department for Health Security, Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland (H.K., P.R.)
| | - Panu Rantakokko
- Umeå University, Sweden; and Department for Health Security, Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland (H.K., P.R.)
| | - Ingvar A Bergdahl
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine (A.T., J.S., I.A.B.)
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Dominguez LJ, Barbagallo M. Not All Fats Are Unhealthy. THE PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE THROUGH THE MEDITERRANEAN DIET 2018:35-58. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-811259-5.00003-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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14
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Tang L, Cheng JN, Long Y, He XM, Liang GN, Tang XP, Jiang CX, Chen F. PCB 118-induced endothelial cell apoptosis is partially mediated by excessive ROS production. Toxicol Mech Methods 2017; 27:394-399. [PMID: 28399781 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2017.1296050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cell apoptosis, which may alter the integrity of the endothelium and lead to plaque instability, plays a critical role in the development and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Exposure of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. In our present study, we explored whether exposure to PCB 118 influences endothelial cell apoptosis in vitro and the underlying mechanisms involved. As expected, exposure to PCB 118 increased the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in HUVECs. Increases in apoptosis and Bax/Bcl-2 ratios were observed in PCB 118-treated HUVECs. N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger, partially reduced PCB 118-induced apoptosis and Bax/Bcl-2 ratios in HUVECs. Taken together, PCB 118-induced endothelial cell apoptosis was partially initiated by excessive ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tang
- a Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Jin-Nan Cheng
- b Department of Dermatology , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Yang Long
- a Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China.,c Department of Endocrinology , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Xue-Mei He
- a Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Guan-Nan Liang
- a Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Xiao-Ping Tang
- a Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Chun-Xia Jiang
- a Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China.,c Department of Endocrinology , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Feng Chen
- a Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
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15
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Long Y, Huang C, Wu J, Cheng JN, Liang GN, Jiang CX, Wan Q. 2,3',4,4',5-Pentachlorobiphenyl impairs insulin-induced NO production partly through excessive ROS production in endothelial cells. Toxicol Mech Methods 2017; 27:592-597. [PMID: 28592194 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2017.1337259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been reported to be associated with increased risk to hypertension, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, etc. 2,3',4,4',5-Pentachlorobiphenyl, known as PCB-118, is a member of coplanar PCBs which renders their structure similar to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and has dioxin-like activity. In our current study, we investigated the effect of PCB-118 exposure on nitric oxide (NO) production and the underlying mechanisms in vitro. Exposure of PCB-118 impaired insulin-induced NO production and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with no significant effect on cell viability. Furthermore, PCB-118 treatment induced oxidative stress. In addition, scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by 10 μM N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) partly rescued impaired insulin-induced eNOS activities and NO productions induced by PCB-118 in HUVECs. Taken together, these results indicate that PCB-118 mediates lower eNOS activity and impairs insulin-induced NO production partly through excessive ROS production in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Long
- a Department of Endocrinology , t he Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China.,b Laboratory of Endocrinology , Experimental Medicine Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Can Huang
- b Laboratory of Endocrinology , Experimental Medicine Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Jian Wu
- b Laboratory of Endocrinology , Experimental Medicine Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Jin-Nan Cheng
- c Department of Dermatology , t he Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Guan-Nan Liang
- b Laboratory of Endocrinology , Experimental Medicine Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Chun-Xia Jiang
- a Department of Endocrinology , t he Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China.,b Laboratory of Endocrinology , Experimental Medicine Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Qin Wan
- a Department of Endocrinology , t he Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , PR China
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Wahlang B, Perkins JT, Petriello MC, Hoffman JB, Stromberg AJ, Hennig B. A compromised liver alters polychlorinated biphenyl-mediated toxicity. Toxicology 2017; 380:11-22. [PMID: 28163111 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental toxicants namely polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is correlated with multiple health disorders including liver and cardiovascular diseases. The liver is important for both xenobiotic and endobiotic metabolism. However, the responses of an injured liver to subsequent environmental insults has not been investigated. The current study aims to evaluate the role of a compromised liver in PCB-induced toxicity and define the implications on overall body homeostasis. Male C57Bl/6 mice were fed either an amino acid control diet (CD) or a methionine-choline deficient diet (MCD) during the 12-week study. Mice were subsequently exposed to either PCB126 (4.9mg/kg) or the PCB mixture, Arcolor1260 (20mg/kg) and analyzed for inflammatory, calorimetry and metabolic parameters. Consistent with the literature, MCD diet-fed mice demonstrated steatosis, indicative of a compromised liver. Mice fed the MCD-diet and subsequently exposed to PCB126 showed observable wasting syndrome leading to mortality. PCB126 and Aroclor1260 exposure worsened hepatic fibrosis exhibited by the MCD groups. Interestingly, PCB126 but not Aroclor1260 induced steatosis and inflammation in CD-fed mice. Mice with liver injury and subsequently exposed to PCBs also manifested metabolic disturbances due to alterations in hepatic gene expression. Furthermore, PCB exposure in MCD-fed mice led to extra-hepatic toxicity such as upregulated circulating inflammatory biomarkers, implicating endothelial cell dysfunction. Taken together, these results indicate that environmental pollution can exacerbate toxicity caused by diet-induced liver injury which may be partially due to dysfunctional energy homeostasis. This is relevant to PCB-exposed human cohorts who suffer from alcohol or diet-induced fatty liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banrida Wahlang
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Jordan T Perkins
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Michael C Petriello
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Jessie B Hoffman
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Graduate Center for Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Arnold J Stromberg
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Department of Statistics, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Bernhard Hennig
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Graduate Center for Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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Harmouche-Karaki M, Matta J, Helou K, Mahfouz Y, Fakhoury-Sayegh N, Narbonne JF. Serum concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in a Lebanese population: ENASB study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:3705-3716. [PMID: 27888480 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8139-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants that are still routinely detected 30 years after their restriction in many countries. PCBs have been associated with several non-communicable diseases. They are best measured via human biomonitoring (HBM). The concentrations of six indicator PCBs (PCBs 28, 52, 101, 138, 153, and 180) were measured in the serum samples of 316 Lebanese students and employees from Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Lebanon, using gas chromatography coupled to an iron trap mass spectrometer detector. PCBs were detected in 56.3 to 59.2% of the serum samples. The sum of PCB (∑PCBs) levels ranged from <LOD to 338.84 ng/g lipids, with a geometric mean level of 10.34 ± 0.98 ng/g lipids. The major contributor to the ∑PCBs was PCB 180. In the present study, the levels were, in general, lower than the values observed in several Western and European countries. No association was found between age and concentration of any of the PCBs. In terms of risk for health, the highest levels were lower than critical limits such as HBM I and II values. We observed an inverted U-shaped association between levels of serum PCBs and the risk of overweight/obesity (OR = 2.140; CI = 1.095-4.185; p = 0.026). Regarding potential food contributors, we found no relation between PCB levels and fish consumption and a moderate relation with dairy product consumption (moderate consumers of dairy products had higher PCB levels compared to lower consumers) (16.92 ± 0.1/6.92 ± 0.12; p = 0.025). The present study is the first to provide information regarding PCB levels in a Lebanese population. Larger studies are required in order to estimate the PCB exposure parameters of the Lebanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Matta
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Industrial Research Institute, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Yara Mahfouz
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Wahlang B, Petriello MC, Perkins JT, Shen S, Hennig B. Polychlorinated biphenyl exposure alters the expression profile of microRNAs associated with vascular diseases. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 35:180-7. [PMID: 27288564 PMCID: PMC4949395 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to persistent organic pollutants, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is correlated with multiple vascular complications including endothelial cell dysfunction and atherosclerosis. PCB-induced activation of the vasculature subsequently leads to oxidative stress and induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and adhesion proteins. Gene expression of these cytokines/proteins is known to be regulated by small, endogenous oligonucleotides known as microRNAs that interact with messenger RNA. MicroRNAs are an acknowledged component of the epigenome, but the role of environmentally-driven epigenetic changes such as toxicant-induced changes in microRNA profiles is currently understudied. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of PCB exposure on microRNA expression profile in primary human endothelial cells using the commercial PCB mixture Aroclor 1260. Samples were analyzed using Affymetrix GeneChip® miRNA 4.0 arrays for high throughput detection and selected microRNA gene expression was validated (RT-PCR). Microarray analysis identified 557 out of 6658 microRNAs that were changed with PCB exposure (p<0.05). In-silico analysis using MetaCore database identified 21 of these microRNAs to be associated with vascular diseases. Further validation showed that Aroclor 1260 increased miR-21, miR-31, miR-126, miR-221 and miR-222 expression levels. Upregulated miR-21 has been reported in cardiac injury while miR-126 and miR-31 modulate inflammation. Our results demonstrated evidence of altered microRNA expression with PCB exposure, thus providing novel insights into mechanisms of PCB toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banrida Wahlang
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Michael C Petriello
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Jordan T Perkins
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Shu Shen
- Department of Statistics, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Bernhard Hennig
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Graduate Center for Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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Kippler M, Larsson SC, Berglund M, Glynn A, Wolk A, Åkesson A. Associations of dietary polychlorinated biphenyls and long-chain omega-3 fatty acids with stroke risk. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 94:706-711. [PMID: 27473885 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about joint exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and long-chain omega-3 fatty acids [eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)], through fish consumption, on cerebrovascular disease risk. OBJECTIVE To explore associations of dietary PCB exposure and EPA-DHA intake with risk of different stroke subtypes. METHODS This was assessed in the prospective population-based Cohort of Swedish Men including 39,948, middle-aged and elderly men, who were free of cardiovascular disease and cancer at baseline in 1997. Validated estimates of dietary PCBs and EPA-DHA were obtained via a food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS During 12years of follow-up, 2286 and 474 incident cases of ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke, respectively, were ascertained through register linkage. Dietary PCB exposure and EPA-DHA intake were associated with hemorrhagic stroke but not ischemic stroke. Men in the highest quartile of dietary PCB exposure (median 412ng/day) had a multivariable- and EPA-DHA-adjusted RR of hemorrhagic stroke of 2.77 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.48-5.19] compared with men in the lowest quartile (median 128ng/day; p for trend <0.01). The corresponding RRs in men with and without hypertension were 5.45 (95% CI, 1.34-22.1) and 2.37 (95% CI 1.17-4.79), respectively. The multivariable- and PCB-adjusted RR of hemorrhagic stroke for the highest quartile of EPA-DHA intake (median 0.73g/day) versus the lowest quartile (median 0.18g/day) was 0.42 (95% CI, 0.22-0.79). CONCLUSION Dietary PCB exposure was associated with an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke, whereas a protective association was observed for dietary EPA-DHA intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kippler
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Susanna C Larsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Marika Berglund
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Anders Glynn
- Department of Risk and Benefit Assessment, National Food Agency, Box 622, SE 751 26, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Agneta Åkesson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Bergkvist C, Berglund M, Glynn A, Julin B, Wolk A, Åkesson A. Dietary exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and risk of myocardial infarction in men - A population-based prospective cohort study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 88:9-14. [PMID: 26690540 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major food contaminants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are proposed to play a role in the etiology of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but to date the impact of PCBs on cardiovascular health need to be explored. METHODS AND RESULTS We assessed the association between validated food frequency questionnaire-based estimates of dietary PCB exposure and risk of myocardial infarction, ascertained through register-linkage, among 36,759 men from the population-based Swedish Cohort of Men, free of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancer at baseline (1997). Relative risks were adjusted for known cardiovascular risk factors, long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids) and methyl mercury exposure. During 12years of follow-up (433,243 person-years), we ascertained 3005 incident cases of myocardial infarction (654 fatal). Compared with the lowest quintile of dietary PCB exposure (median 113ng/day), men in the highest quintile (median 436ng/day) had multivariable-adjusted relative risks of 1.74 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30-2.33; p-trend<0.001) for total and 1.97 (95% CI 1.42-2.75; p-trend<0.001) for non-fatal myocardial infarction. In mutually adjusted models, dietary PCB exposure was associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction, while the intake of long-chain omega-3 fish fatty acids was associated with a decreased risk. We also observed an effect modification by adiposity on the association between of dietary PCB exposure and myocardial infarction, with higher risk among lean men (p value for interaction =0.03). CONCLUSIONS Exposure to PCBs via diet was associated with increased risk of myocardial infarction in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bergkvist
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marika Berglund
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Glynn
- Risk and Benefit Assessment Department, National Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bettina Julin
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Agneta Åkesson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Hypertension Editors' Picks: Environmental Factors, Pollution, and Hypertension. Hypertension 2015; 66:e11-9. [PMID: 26269655 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.06073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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