1
|
Mokhonova EI, Malik R, Mamsa H, Walker J, Gibbs EM, Crosbie RH. The Development of Robust Antibodies to Sarcospan, a Dystrophin- and Integrin-Associated Protein, for Basic and Translational Research. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6121. [PMID: 38892308 PMCID: PMC11173052 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcospan (SSPN) is a 25-kDa transmembrane protein that is broadly expressed at the cell surface of many tissues, including, but not limited to, the myofibers from skeletal and smooth muscles, cardiomyocytes, adipocytes, kidney epithelial cells, and neurons. SSPN is a core component of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) that links the intracellular actin cytoskeleton with the extracellular matrix. It is also associated with integrin α7β1, the predominant integrin expressed in skeletal muscle. As a tetraspanin-like protein with four transmembrane spanning domains, SSPN functions as a scaffold to facilitate protein-protein interactions at the cell membrane. Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Becker muscular dystrophy, and X-linked dilated cardiomyopathy are caused by the loss of dystrophin at the muscle cell surface and a concomitant loss of the entire DGC, including SSPN. SSPN overexpression ameliorates Duchenne muscular dystrophy in the mdx murine model, which supports SSPN being a viable therapeutic target. Other rescue studies support SSPN as a biomarker for the proper assembly and membrane expression of the DGC. Highly specific and robust antibodies to SSPN are needed for basic research on the molecular mechanisms of SSPN rescue, pre-clinical studies, and biomarker evaluations in human samples. The development of SSPN antibodies is challenged by the presence of its four transmembrane domains and limited antigenic epitopes. To address the significant barrier presented by limited commercially available antibodies, we aimed to generate a panel of robust SSPN-specific antibodies that can serve as a resource for the research community. We created antibodies to three SSPN protein epitopes, including the intracellular N- and C-termini as well as the large extracellular loop (LEL) between transmembrane domains 3 and 4. We developed a panel of rabbit antibodies (poly- and monoclonal) against an N-terminal peptide fragment of SSPN. We used several assays to show that the rabbit antibodies recognize mouse SSPN with a high functional affinity and specificity. We developed mouse monoclonal antibodies against the C-terminal peptide and the large extracellular loop of human SSPN. These antibodies are superior to commercially available antibodies and outperform them in various applications, including immunoblotting, indirect immunofluorescence analysis, immunoprecipitation, and an ELISA. These newly developed antibodies will significantly improve the quality and ease of SSPN detection for basic and translational research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina I. Mokhonova
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ravinder Malik
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Hafsa Mamsa
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jackson Walker
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Gibbs
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Rachelle H. Crosbie
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Espinoza-Derout J, Arambulo JML, Ramirez-Trillo W, Rivera JC, Hasan KM, Lao CJ, Jordan MC, Shao XM, Roos KP, Sinha-Hikim AP, Friedman TC. The lipolysis inhibitor acipimox reverses the cardiac phenotype induced by electronic cigarettes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18239. [PMID: 37880325 PMCID: PMC10600141 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44082-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are a prevalent alternative to conventional nicotine cigarettes among smokers and people who have never smoked. Increased concentrations of serum free fatty acids (FFAs) are crucial in generating lipotoxicity. We studied the effects of acipimox, an antilipolytic drug, on e-cigarette-induced cardiac dysfunction. C57BL/6J wild-type mice on high fat diet were treated with saline, e-cigarette with 2.4% nicotine [e-cigarette (2.4%)], and e-cigarette (2.4%) plus acipimox for 12 weeks. Fractional shortening and ejection fraction were diminished in mice exposed to e-cigarettes (2.4%) compared with saline and acipimox-treated mice. Mice exposed to e-cigarette (2.4%) had increased circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines and FFAs, which were diminished by acipimox. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed that e-cigarette (2.4%)-treated mice had gene expression changes in the G2/M DNA damage checkpoint pathway that was normalized by acipimox. Accordingly, we showed that acipimox suppressed the nuclear localization of phospho-p53 induced by e-cigarette (2.4%). Additionally, e-cigarette (2.4%) increased the apurinic/apyrimidinic sites, a marker of oxidative DNA damage which was normalized by acipimox. Mice exposed to e-cigarette (2.4%) had increased cardiac Heme oxygenase 1 protein levels and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). These markers of oxidative stress were decreased by acipimox. Therefore, inhibiting lipolysis with acipimox normalizes the physiological changes induced by e-cigarettes and the associated increase in inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and DNA damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Espinoza-Derout
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 E. 120th Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA.
- Departments of Physiology, Medicine, and Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Jose Mari Luis Arambulo
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 E. 120th Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
| | - William Ramirez-Trillo
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 E. 120th Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Rivera
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 E. 120th Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
| | - Kamrul M Hasan
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 E. 120th Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
- Departments of Physiology, Medicine, and Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Candice J Lao
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 E. 120th Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
- Departments of Physiology, Medicine, and Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Maria C Jordan
- Departments of Physiology, Medicine, and Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Xuesi M Shao
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 E. 120th Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
- Departments of Physiology, Medicine, and Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Kenneth P Roos
- Departments of Physiology, Medicine, and Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Amiya P Sinha-Hikim
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 E. 120th Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
- Departments of Physiology, Medicine, and Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Theodore C Friedman
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 E. 120th Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
- Departments of Physiology, Medicine, and Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hwang HS, Kahmini AR, Prascak J, Cejas-Carbonell A, Valera IC, Champion S, Corrigan M, Mumbi F, Parvatiyar MS. Sarcospan Deficiency Increases Oxidative Stress and Arrhythmias in Hearts after Acute Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11868. [PMID: 37511627 PMCID: PMC10380899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The protein sarcospan (SSPN) is an integral member of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) and has been shown to be important in the heart during the development and the response to acute stress. In this study, we investigated the role of SSPN in the cardiac response to acute ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in SSPN-deficient (SSPN-/-) mice. First, the hemodynamic response of SSPN-/- mice was tested and was similar to SSPN+/+ (wild-type) mice after isoproterenol injection. Using the in situ Langendorff perfusion method, SSPN-/- hearts were subjected to IR injury and found to have increased infarct size and arrhythmia susceptibility compared to SSPN+/+. Ca2+ handling was assessed in single cardiomyocytes and diastolic Ca2+ levels were increased after acute β-AR stimulation in SSPN+/+ but not SSPN-/-. It was also found that SSPN-/- cardiomyocytes had reduced Ca2+ SR content compared to SSPN+/+ but similar SR Ca2+ release. Next, we used qRT-PCR to examine gene expression of Ca2+ handling proteins after acute IR injury. SSPN-/- hearts showed a significant decrease in L-type Ca2+ channels and a significant increase in Ca2+ release channel (RyR2) expression. Interestingly, under oxidizing conditions reminiscent of IR, SSPN-/- cardiomyocytes, had increased H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species production compared to SSPN+/+. Examination of oxidative stress proteins indicated that NADPH oxidase 4 and oxidized CAMKII were increased in SSPN-/- hearts after acute IR injury. These results suggest that increased arrhythmia susceptibility in SSPN-/- hearts post-IR injury may arise from alterations in Ca2+ handling and a reduced capacity to regulate oxidative stress pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Seok Hwang
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, 107 Chieftan Way, Biomedical Research Facility, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1490, USA
| | - Aida Rahimi Kahmini
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, 107 Chieftan Way, Biomedical Research Facility, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1490, USA
| | - Julia Prascak
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, 107 Chieftan Way, Biomedical Research Facility, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1490, USA
| | - Alexis Cejas-Carbonell
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, 107 Chieftan Way, Biomedical Research Facility, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1490, USA
| | - Isela C Valera
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, 107 Chieftan Way, Biomedical Research Facility, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1490, USA
| | - Samantha Champion
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, 107 Chieftan Way, Biomedical Research Facility, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1490, USA
| | - Mikayla Corrigan
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, 107 Chieftan Way, Biomedical Research Facility, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1490, USA
| | - Florence Mumbi
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, 107 Chieftan Way, Biomedical Research Facility, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1490, USA
| | - Michelle S Parvatiyar
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, 107 Chieftan Way, Biomedical Research Facility, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1490, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
McCourt JL, Stearns-Reider KM, Mamsa H, Kannan P, Afsharinia MH, Shu C, Gibbs EM, Shin KM, Kurmangaliyev YZ, Schmitt LR, Hansen KC, Crosbie RH. Multi-omics analysis of sarcospan overexpression in mdx skeletal muscle reveals compensatory remodeling of cytoskeleton-matrix interactions that promote mechanotransduction pathways. Skelet Muscle 2023; 13:1. [PMID: 36609344 PMCID: PMC9817407 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-022-00311-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) is a critical adhesion complex of the muscle cell membrane, providing a mechanical link between the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the cortical cytoskeleton that stabilizes the sarcolemma during repeated muscle contractions. One integral component of the DGC is the transmembrane protein, sarcospan (SSPN). Overexpression of SSPN in the skeletal muscle of mdx mice (murine model of DMD) restores muscle fiber attachment to the ECM in part through an associated increase in utrophin and integrin adhesion complexes at the cell membrane, protecting the muscle from contraction-induced injury. In this study, we utilized transcriptomic and ECM protein-optimized proteomics data sets from wild-type, mdx, and mdx transgenic (mdxTG) skeletal muscle tissues to identify pathways and proteins driving the compensatory action of SSPN overexpression. METHODS The tibialis anterior and quadriceps muscles were isolated from wild-type, mdx, and mdxTG mice and subjected to bulk RNA-Seq and global proteomics analysis using methods to enhance capture of ECM proteins. Data sets were further analyzed through the ingenuity pathway analysis (QIAGEN) and integrative gene set enrichment to identify candidate networks, signaling pathways, and upstream regulators. RESULTS Through our multi-omics approach, we identified 3 classes of differentially expressed genes and proteins in mdxTG muscle, including those that were (1) unrestored (significantly different from wild type, but not from mdx), (2) restored (significantly different from mdx, but not from wild type), and (3) compensatory (significantly different from both wild type and mdx). We identified signaling pathways that may contribute to the rescue phenotype, most notably cytoskeleton and ECM organization pathways. ECM-optimized proteomics revealed an increased abundance of collagens II, V, and XI, along with β-spectrin in mdxTG samples. Using ingenuity pathway analysis, we identified upstream regulators that are computationally predicted to drive compensatory changes, revealing a possible mechanism of SSPN rescue through a rewiring of cell-ECM bidirectional communication. We found that SSPN overexpression results in upregulation of key signaling molecules associated with regulation of cytoskeleton organization and mechanotransduction, including Yap1, Sox9, Rho, RAC, and Wnt. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that SSPN overexpression rescues dystrophin deficiency partially through mechanotransduction signaling cascades mediated through components of the ECM and the cortical cytoskeleton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jackie L. McCourt
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Kristen M. Stearns-Reider
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA ,grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Orthopedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Hafsa Mamsa
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Pranav Kannan
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Mohammad Hossein Afsharinia
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Cynthia Shu
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Gibbs
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Kara M. Shin
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Yerbol Z. Kurmangaliyev
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Biological Chemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Lauren R. Schmitt
- grid.241116.10000000107903411Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Denver, CO USA
| | - Kirk C. Hansen
- grid.241116.10000000107903411Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Denver, CO USA
| | - Rachelle H. Crosbie
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA ,grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA ,grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA ,grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
High-Throughput Screening to Identify Modulators of Sarcospan. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2587:479-493. [PMID: 36401045 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2772-3_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
High-throughput screening enables the discovery of disease-modifying small molecules. Here, we describe the development of a scalable, cell-based assay to screen for small molecules that modulate sarcospan for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. We detail the hit validation pipeline, which includes secondary screening, gene/protein quantification, and an in vitro membrane stability assay.
Collapse
|
6
|
Hart CC, Lee YI, Hammers DW, Sweeney HL. Evaluation of the DBA/2J mouse as a potential background strain for genetic models of cardiomyopathy. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY PLUS 2022; 1:100012. [PMID: 37206988 PMCID: PMC10195103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmccpl.2022.100012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The potential use of the D2.mdx mouse (the mdx mutation on the DBA/2J genetic background) as a preclinical model of the cardiac aspects of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) has been criticized based on speculation that the DBA/2J genetic background displays an inherent hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) phenotype. Accordingly, the goal of the current study was to further examine the cardiac status of this mouse strain over a 12-month period to determine if observable signs of HCM develop, including histopathology and pathological enlargement of the myocardium. Previous reports have documented heightened TGFβ signaling in the DBA2/J striated muscles, as compared to the C57 background, which, as expected, is manifested as increased cardiomyocyte size, wall thickness, and heart mass as compared to the C57 background. While normalized heart mass is larger in the DBA/2J mice, compared to age-matched C57/BL10 mice, both strains similarly increase in size from 4 to 12 months of age. We also report that DBA/2J mice contain equivalent amounts of left ventricular collagen as healthy canine and human samples. In a longitudinal echocardiography study, neither sedentary nor exercised DBA/2J mice demonstrated left ventricular wall thickening or cardiac functional deficits. In summary, we find no evidence of HCM, nor any other cardiac pathology, and thus propose that it is an appropriate background strain for genetic modeling of cardiac diseases, including the cardiomyopathy associated with DMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - H. Lee Sweeney
- Corresponding author at: 1200 Newell, Dr. ARB R5-216, Gainesville, FL 32610-0267, United States of America. (H.L. Sweeney)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cunningham AM, Walker DM, Ramakrishnan A, Doyle MA, Bagot RC, Cates HM, Peña CJ, Issler O, Lardner CK, Browne C, Russo SJ, Shen L, Nestler EJ. Sperm Transcriptional State Associated with Paternal Transmission of Stress Phenotypes. J Neurosci 2021; 41:6202-6216. [PMID: 34099514 PMCID: PMC8287983 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3192-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Paternal stress can induce long-lasting changes in germ cells potentially propagating heritable changes across generations. To date, no studies have investigated differences in transmission patterns between stress-resilient and stress-susceptible mice. We tested the hypothesis that transcriptional alterations in sperm during chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) transmit increased susceptibility to stress phenotypes to the next generation. We demonstrate differences in offspring from stressed fathers that depend on paternal category (resilient vs susceptible) and offspring sex. Importantly, artificial insemination (AI) reveals that sperm mediates some of the behavioral phenotypes seen in offspring. Using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), we report substantial and distinct changes in the transcriptomic profiles of sperm following CSDS in susceptible versus resilient fathers, with alterations in long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) predominating especially in susceptibility. Correlation analysis revealed that these alterations were accompanied by a loss of regulation of protein-coding genes by lncRNAs in sperm of susceptible males. We also identify several co-expression gene modules that are enriched in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in sperm from either resilient or susceptible fathers. Taken together, these studies advance our understanding of intergenerational epigenetic transmission of behavioral experience.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This manuscript contributes to the complex factors that influence the paternal transmission of stress phenotypes. By leveraging the segregation of males exposed to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) into either resilient or susceptible categories we were able to identify the phenotypic differences in the paternal transmission of stress phenotypes across generations between the two lineages. Importantly, this work also alludes to the significance of both long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and protein coding genes (PCGs) mediating the paternal transmission of stress. The knowledge gained from these data are of particular interest in understanding the risk for the development of psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Cunningham
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, New York, New York 10029
| | - Deena M Walker
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, New York, New York 10029
| | - Aarthi Ramakrishnan
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, New York, New York 10029
| | - Marie A Doyle
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, New York, New York 10029
| | - Rosemary C Bagot
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, New York, New York 10029
| | - Hannah M Cates
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, New York, New York 10029
| | - Catherine J Peña
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, New York, New York 10029
| | - Orna Issler
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, New York, New York 10029
| | - Casey K Lardner
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, New York, New York 10029
| | - Caleb Browne
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, New York, New York 10029
| | - Scott J Russo
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, New York, New York 10029
| | - Li Shen
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, New York, New York 10029
| | - Eric J Nestler
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, New York, New York 10029
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gibbs EM, McCourt JL, Shin KM, Hammond KG, Marshall JL, Crosbie RH. Loss of sarcospan exacerbates pathology in mdx mice, but does not affect utrophin amelioration of disease. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:149-159. [PMID: 33432327 PMCID: PMC8091037 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) is a membrane adhesion complex that provides structural stability at the sarcolemma by linking the myocyte's internal cytoskeleton and external extracellular matrix. In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the absence of dystrophin leads to the loss of the DGC at the sarcolemma, resulting in sarcolemmal instability and progressive muscle damage. Utrophin (UTRN), an autosomal homolog of dystrophin, is upregulated in dystrophic muscle and partially compensates for the loss of dystrophin in muscle from patients with DMD. Here, we examine the interaction between Utr and sarcospan (SSPN), a small transmembrane protein that is a core component of both UTRN-glycoprotein complex (UGC) and DGC. We show that additional loss of SSPN causes an earlier onset of disease in dystrophin-deficient mdx mice by reducing the expression of the UGC at the sarcolemma. In order to further evaluate the role of SSPN in maintaining therapeutic levels of Utr at the sarcolemma, we tested the effect of Utr transgenic overexpression in mdx mice lacking SSPN (mdx:SSPN -/-:Utr-Tg). We found that overexpression of Utr restored SSPN to the sarcolemma in mdx muscle but that the ablation of SSPN in mdx muscle reduced Utr at the membrane. Nevertheless, Utr overexpression reduced central nucleation and improved grip strength in both lines. These findings demonstrate that high levels of Utr transgenic overexpression ameliorate the mdx phenotype independently of SSPN expression but that loss of SSPN may impair Utr-based mechanisms that rely on lower levels of Utr protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Gibbs
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jackie L McCourt
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kara M Shin
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Katherine G Hammond
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jamie L Marshall
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Rachelle H Crosbie
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hasan KM, Friedman TC, Parveen M, Espinoza-Derout J, Bautista F, Razipour MM, Shao XM, Jordan MC, Roos KP, Mahata SK, Sinha-Hikim AP. Electronic cigarettes cause alteration in cardiac structure and function in diet-induced obese mice. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239671. [PMID: 33002059 PMCID: PMC7529198 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of the widespread use of electronic cigarettes, also known as e-cigarettes, and the proposed adverse cardiac effects of nicotine, the detrimental effects of e-cigarettes on the heart are not well known. This study examines the detrimental effects of e-cigarettes with nicotine at doses that yield circulating nicotine and cotinine in the ranges similar to the levels found in habitual smokers, and a high fat diet (HFD) on cardiac structure and function in a commonly used model of diet-induced obesity (DIO). C57BL/6J mice on an HFD were exposed to e-cigarette in the presence (2.4% nicotine) or absence (0% nicotine) of nicotine and saline aerosol for 12 weeks. Echocardiographic data demonstrated a decrease in left ventricular (LV) fractional shortening, LV ejection fraction, and velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (VCF) in mice treated with e-cigarette (2.4% nicotine) compared to e-cigarette (0% nicotine) or saline exposed mice. Cardiomyocytes (CMs) of mice treated with e-cigarette (2.4% nicotine) exhibited LV abnormalities, including lipid accumulation (ventricular steatosis), myofibrillar derangement and destruction, and mitochondrial hypertrophy, as revealed by transmission electron microscopy. The detrimental effects of e-cigarettes (2.4% nicotine) on cardiac structure and function was accompanied by increased oxidative stress, plasma free fatty acid levels, CM apoptosis, and inactivation of AMP-activated protein kinase and activation of its downstream target, acetyl-CoA-carboxylase. Our results indicate profound adverse effects of e-cigarettes (2.4% nicotine) on the heart in obese mice and raise questions about the safety of the nicotine e-cigarettes use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamrul M. Hasan
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (KMH); (APSH)
| | - Theodore C. Friedman
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Meher Parveen
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Jorge Espinoza-Derout
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Francisco Bautista
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Mohammad M. Razipour
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Xuesi M. Shao
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Maria C. Jordan
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Kenneth P. Roos
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Sushil K. Mahata
- VA San Diego Health Care System and University of California, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Amiya P. Sinha-Hikim
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (KMH); (APSH)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shu C, Parfenova L, Mokhonova E, Collado JR, Damoiseaux R, Campagna J, John V, Crosbie RH. High-throughput screening identifies modulators of sarcospan that stabilize muscle cells and exhibit activity in the mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Skelet Muscle 2020; 10:26. [PMID: 32948250 PMCID: PMC7499884 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-020-00244-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a degenerative muscle disease caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. Loss of dystrophin prevents the formation of a critical connection between the muscle cell membrane and the extracellular matrix. Overexpression of sarcospan (SSPN) in the mouse model of DMD restores the membrane connection and reduces disease severity, making SSPN a promising therapeutic target for pharmacological upregulation. METHODS Using a previously described cell-based promoter reporter assay of SSPN gene expression (hSSPN-EGFP), we conducted high-throughput screening on libraries of over 200,000 curated small molecules to identify SSPN modulators. The hits were validated in both hSSPN-EGFP and hSSPN-luciferase reporter cells. Hit selection was conducted on dystrophin-deficient mouse and human myotubes with assessments of (1) SSPN gene expression using quantitative PCR and (2) SSPN protein expression using immunoblotting and an ELISA. A membrane stability assay using osmotic shock was used to validate the functional effects of treatment followed by cell surface biotinylation to label cell surface proteins. Dystrophin-deficient mdx mice were treated with compound, and muscle was subjected to quantitative PCR to assess SSPN gene expression. RESULTS We identified and validated lead compounds that increased SSPN gene and protein expression in dystrophin-deficient mouse and human muscle cells. The lead compound OT-9 increased cell membrane localization of compensatory laminin-binding adhesion complexes and improved membrane stability in DMD myotubes. We demonstrated that the membrane stabilizing benefit is dependent on SSPN. Intramuscular injection of OT-9 in the mouse model of DMD increased SSPN gene expression. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies a pharmacological approach to treat DMD and sets the path for the development of SSPN-based therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Shu
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Liubov Parfenova
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Ekaterina Mokhonova
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Judd R Collado
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Robert Damoiseaux
- Department of Molecular and Medicinal Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jesus Campagna
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Drug Discovery Lab, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Varghese John
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Drug Discovery Lab, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rachelle H Crosbie
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pirruccello JP, Bick A, Wang M, Chaffin M, Friedman S, Yao J, Guo X, Venkatesh BA, Taylor KD, Post WS, Rich S, Lima JAC, Rotter JI, Philippakis A, Lubitz SA, Ellinor PT, Khera AV, Kathiresan S, Aragam KG. Analysis of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in 36,000 individuals yields genetic insights into dilated cardiomyopathy. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2254. [PMID: 32382064 PMCID: PMC7206184 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15823-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is an important cause of heart failure and the leading indication for heart transplantation. Many rare genetic variants have been associated with DCM, but common variant studies of the disease have yielded few associated loci. As structural changes in the heart are a defining feature of DCM, we report a genome-wide association study of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived left ventricular measurements in 36,041 UK Biobank participants, with replication in 2184 participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. We identify 45 previously unreported loci associated with cardiac structure and function, many near well-established genes for Mendelian cardiomyopathies. A polygenic score of MRI-derived left ventricular end systolic volume strongly associates with incident DCM in the general population. Even among carriers of TTN truncating mutations, this polygenic score influences the size and function of the human heart. These results further implicate common genetic polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of DCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James P Pirruccello
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alexander Bick
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Minxian Wang
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mark Chaffin
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Jie Yao
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | | | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Wendy S Post
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA, USA
| | - Stephen Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Joao A C Lima
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Anthony Philippakis
- Data Sciences Platform, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- GV, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Steven A Lubitz
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrick T Ellinor
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amit V Khera
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sekar Kathiresan
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Verve Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Krishna G Aragam
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shu C, Kaxon-Rupp AN, Collado JR, Damoiseaux R, Crosbie RH. Development of a high-throughput screen to identify small molecule enhancers of sarcospan for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Skelet Muscle 2019; 9:32. [PMID: 31831063 PMCID: PMC6907331 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-019-0218-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is caused by loss of sarcolemma connection to the extracellular matrix. Transgenic overexpression of the transmembrane protein sarcospan (SSPN) in the DMD mdx mouse model significantly reduces disease pathology by restoring membrane adhesion. Identifying SSPN-based therapies has the potential to benefit patients with DMD and other forms of muscular dystrophies caused by deficits in muscle cell adhesion. METHODS Standard cloning methods were used to generate C2C12 myoblasts stably transfected with a fluorescence reporter for human SSPN promoter activity. Assay development and screening were performed in a core facility using liquid handlers and imaging systems specialized for use with a 384-well microplate format. Drug-treated cells were analyzed for target gene expression using quantitative PCR and target protein expression using immunoblotting. RESULTS We investigated the gene expression profiles of SSPN and its associated proteins during myoblast differentiation into myotubes, revealing an increase in expression after 3 days of differentiation. We created C2C12 muscle cells expressing an EGFP reporter for SSPN promoter activity and observed a comparable increase in reporter levels during differentiation. Assay conditions for high-throughput screening were optimized for a 384-well microplate format and a high-content imager for the visualization of reporter levels. We conducted a screen of 3200 compounds and identified seven hits, which include an overrepresentation of L-type calcium channel antagonists, suggesting that SSPN gene activity is sensitive to calcium. Further validation of a select hit revealed that the calcium channel inhibitor felodipine increased SSPN transcript and protein levels in both wild-type and dystrophin-deficient myotubes, without increasing differentiation. CONCLUSIONS We developed a stable muscle cell line containing the promoter region of the human SSPN protein fused to a fluorescent reporter. Using the reporter cells, we created and validated a scalable, cell-based assay that is able to identify compounds that increase SSPN promoter reporter, transcript, and protein levels in wild-type and dystrophin-deficient muscle cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Shu
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.,Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Ariana N Kaxon-Rupp
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Judd R Collado
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Robert Damoiseaux
- Department of Molecular and Medicinal Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.,California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rachelle H Crosbie
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA. .,Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. .,Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA. .,Department of Neurology David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Parvatiyar MS, Brownstein AJ, Kanashiro-Takeuchi RM, Collado JR, Dieseldorff Jones KM, Gopal J, Hammond KG, Marshall JL, Ferrel A, Beedle AM, Chamberlain JS, Renato Pinto J, Crosbie RH. Stabilization of the cardiac sarcolemma by sarcospan rescues DMD-associated cardiomyopathy. JCI Insight 2019; 5:123855. [PMID: 31039133 PMCID: PMC6629091 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.123855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current preclinical study, we demonstrate the therapeutic potential of sarcospan (SSPN) overexpression to alleviate cardiomyopathy associated with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) utilizing dystrophin-deficient mdx mice with utrophin haploinsufficiency that more accurately represent the severe disease course of human DMD. SSPN interacts with dystrophin, the DMD disease gene product, and its autosomal paralog utrophin, which is upregulated in DMD as a partial compensatory mechanism. SSPN transgenic mice have enhanced abundance of fully glycosylated α-dystroglycan, which may further protect dystrophin-deficient cardiac membranes. Baseline echocardiography reveals SSPN improves systolic function and hypertrophic indices in mdx and mdx:utr-heterozygous mice. Assessment of SSPN transgenic mdx mice by hemodynamic pressure-volume methods highlights enhanced systolic performance compared to mdx controls. SSPN restores cardiac sarcolemma stability, the primary defect in DMD disease, reduces fibrotic response and improves contractile function. We demonstrate that SSPN ameliorates more advanced cardiac disease in the context of diminished sarcolemma expression of utrophin and β1D integrin that mitigate disease severity and partially restores responsiveness to β-adrenergic stimulation. Overall, our current and previous findings suggest SSPN overexpression in DMD mouse models positively impacts skeletal, pulmonary and cardiac performance by addressing the stability of proteins at the sarcolemma that protect the heart from injury, supporting SSPN and membrane stabilization as a therapeutic target for DMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle S. Parvatiyar
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology and
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alexandra J. Brownstein
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology and
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rosemeire M. Kanashiro-Takeuchi
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami, Florida, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | | | - Jay Gopal
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology and
| | - Katherine G. Hammond
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology and
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jamie L. Marshall
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology and
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Abel Ferrel
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology and
| | - Aaron M. Beedle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binghamton University State University of New York, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | | | - Jose Renato Pinto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Rachelle H. Crosbie
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology and
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Goldberg-Smith P. Michelle Parvatiyar. Circ Res 2019; 124:475-476. [DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.314764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
15
|
Kennedy TL, Guiraud S, Edwards B, Squire S, Moir L, Babbs A, Odom G, Golebiowski D, Schneider J, Chamberlain JS, Davies KE. Micro-utrophin Improves Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Function of Severely Affected D2/ mdx Mice. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2018; 11:92-105. [PMID: 30417024 PMCID: PMC6216100 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked muscle-wasting disease caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. DMD boys are wheelchair-bound around 12 years and generally survive into their twenties. There is currently no effective treatment except palliative care, although personalized treatments such as exon skipping, stop codon read-through, and viral-based gene therapies are making progress. Patients present with skeletal muscle pathology, but most also show cardiomyopathy by the age of 10. A systemic therapeutic approach is needed that treats the heart and skeletal muscle defects in all patients. The dystrophin-related protein utrophin has been shown to compensate for the lack of dystrophin in the mildly affected BL10/mdx mouse. The purpose of this investigation was to demonstrate that AAV9-mediated micro-utrophin transgene delivery can not only functionally replace dystrophin in the heart, but also attenuate the skeletal muscle phenotype in severely affected D2/mdx mice. The data presented here show that utrophin can indeed alleviate the pathology in skeletal and cardiac muscle in D2/mdx mice. These results endorse the view that utrophin modulation has the potential to increase the quality life of all DMD patients whatever their mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahnee L Kennedy
- Oxford Neuromuscular Centre at the University of Oxford, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Simon Guiraud
- Oxford Neuromuscular Centre at the University of Oxford, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Ben Edwards
- Oxford Neuromuscular Centre at the University of Oxford, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Sarah Squire
- Oxford Neuromuscular Centre at the University of Oxford, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Lee Moir
- Oxford Neuromuscular Centre at the University of Oxford, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Arran Babbs
- Oxford Neuromuscular Centre at the University of Oxford, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Guy Odom
- Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Jeffrey S Chamberlain
- Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kay E Davies
- Oxford Neuromuscular Centre at the University of Oxford, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hor KN, Mah ML, Johnston P, Cripe TP, Cripe LH. Advances in the diagnosis and management of cardiomyopathy in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 2018; 28:711-716. [PMID: 30064893 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy suffer debilitating muscle destruction, resulting in loss of ambulation, diminished respiratory function, gastrointestinal disturbances and cardiomyopathy. Although it is the most common cause of death in these patients, cardiomyopathy is poorly understood in terms of distinct pathogenesis, natural history, and specific, effective therapeutic interventions. We review the state-of-the-art knowledge of Duchenne muscular dystrophy-associated cardiomyopathy including clinical evaluation, imaging, medical and perioperative management, and prospects for gene therapy. We also review cardiomyopathy in heterozygote carriers. By describing our current understanding and best practices, we hope to improve harmonization of care across institutions and identify collective knowledge gaps to guide future research efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kan N Hor
- The Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - May Ling Mah
- The Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Pace Johnston
- The Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Timothy P Cripe
- The Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Linda H Cripe
- The Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hightower RM, Alexander MS. Genetic modifiers of Duchenne and facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophies. Muscle Nerve 2018; 57:6-15. [PMID: 28877560 PMCID: PMC5759757 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Muscular dystrophy is defined as the progressive wasting of skeletal muscles that is caused by inherited or spontaneous genetic mutations. Next-generation sequencing has greatly improved the accuracy and speed of diagnosis for different types of muscular dystrophy. Advancements in depth of coverage, convenience, and overall reduced cost have led to the identification of genetic modifiers that are responsible for phenotypic variability in affected patients. These genetic modifiers have been postulated to explain key differences in disease phenotypes, including age of loss of ambulation, steroid responsiveness, and the presence or absence of cardiac defects in patients with the same form of muscular dystrophy. This review highlights recent findings on genetic modifiers of Duchenne and facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophies based on animal and clinical studies. These genetic modifiers hold great promise to be developed into novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of muscular dystrophies. Muscle Nerve 57: 6-15, 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rylie M. Hightower
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Matthew S. Alexander
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology at Children’s of Alabama and the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294
- Department of Genetics, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Maricelli JW, Kagel DR, Bishaw YM, Nelson OL, Lin DC, Rodgers BD. Sexually dimorphic skeletal muscle and cardiac dysfunction in a mouse model of limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2i. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2017; 123:1126-1138. [PMID: 28663375 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00287.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The fukutin-related protein P448L mutant mouse replicates many pathologies common to limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2i (LGMD2i) and is a potentially strong candidate for relevant drug screening studies. Because striated muscle function remains relatively uncharacterized in this mouse, we sought to identify metabolic, functional and histological metrics of exercise and cardiac performance. This was accomplished by quantifying voluntary exercise on running wheels, forced exercise on respiratory treadmills and cardiac output with echocardiography and isoproterenol stress tests. Voluntary exercise revealed few differences between wild-type and P448L mice. By contrast, peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) was either lower in P448L mice or reduced with repeated low intensity treadmill exercise while it increased in wild-type mice. P448L mice fatigued quicker and ran shorter distances while expending 2-fold more calories/meter. They also received over 6-fold more motivational shocks with repeated exercise. Differences in VO2peak and resting metabolic rate were consistent with left ventricle dysfunction, which often develops in human LGMD2i patients and was more evident in female P448L mice, as indicated by lower fractional shortening and ejection fraction values and higher left ventricle systolic volumes. Several traditional markers of dystrophinopathies were expressed in P448L mice and were exacerbated by exercise, some in a muscle-dependent manner. These include elevated serum creatine kinase and muscle central nucleation, smaller muscle fiber cross-sectional area and more striated muscle fibrosis. These studies together identified several markers of disease pathology that are shared between P448L mice and human subjects with LGMD2i. They also identified novel metrics of exercise and cardiac performance that could prove invaluable in preclinical drug trials.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2i is a rare dystroglycanopathy that until recently lacked an appropriate animal model. Studies with the FKRP P448L mutant mouse began assessing muscle structure and function as well as running gait. Our studies further characterize systemic muscle function using exercise and cardiac performance. They identified many markers of respiratory, cardiac and skeletal muscle function that could prove invaluable to better understanding the disease and more importantly, to preclinical drug trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph W Maricelli
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
| | - Denali R Kagel
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
| | - Yemeserach M Bishaw
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
| | - O Lynne Nelson
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
| | - David C Lin
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington; and
| | - Buel D Rodgers
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington; .,Department of Animal Sciences; Washington Center for Muscle Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fragakis N, Sotiriadou M, Krexi L, Vassilikos V. Electrical storm in a patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy cardiomyopathy triggered by abrupt β-blocker interruption. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2017; 22. [PMID: 28618061 DOI: 10.1111/anec.12477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a case of a young man with Duchenne muscular dystrophy cardiomyopathy (DMDC) having an implantable cardioverter defibrillator for secondary prevention, who presented with electrical storm shortly after β-blocker interruption. The patient was stabilized and remained free of ventricular arrhythmias soon after reinitiating b-adrenoreceptor antagonists. The present case highlights the importance of sympathetic blockage in patients with DMDC due to existing pathophysiology of excess diastolic Ca2+ leak from sarcoplasmic reticulum as a result of ryanodine receptor dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Fragakis
- Third Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Melani Sotiriadou
- Third Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Lydia Krexi
- Third Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vassilios Vassilikos
- Third Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gibbs EM, Marshall JL, Ma E, Nguyen TM, Hong G, Lam JS, Spencer MJ, Crosbie-Watson RH. High levels of sarcospan are well tolerated and act as a sarcolemmal stabilizer to address skeletal muscle and pulmonary dysfunction in DMD. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 25:5395-5406. [PMID: 27798107 PMCID: PMC5418831 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disorder that causes progressive muscle weakness, ultimately leading to early mortality in affected teenagers and young adults. Previous work from our lab has shown that a small transmembrane protein called sarcospan (SSPN) can enhance the recruitment of adhesion complex proteins to the cell surface. When human SSPN is expressed at three-fold levels in mdx mice, this increase in adhesion complex abundance improves muscle membrane stability, preventing many of the histopathological changes associated with DMD. However, expressing higher levels of human SSPN (ten-fold transgenic expression) causes a severe degenerative muscle phenotype in wild-type mice. Since SSPN-mediated stabilization of the sarcolemma represents a promising therapeutic strategy in DMD, it is important to determine whether SSPN can be introduced at high levels without toxicity. Here, we show that mouse SSPN (mSSPN) can be overexpressed at 30-fold levels in wild-type mice with no deleterious effects. In mdx mice, mSSPN overexpression improves dystrophic pathology and sarcolemmal stability. We show that these mice exhibit increased resistance to eccentric contraction-induced damage and reduced fatigue following exercise. mSSPN overexpression improved pulmonary function and reduced dystrophic histopathology in the diaphragm. Together, these results demonstrate that SSPN overexpression is well tolerated in mdx mice and improves sarcolemma defects that underlie skeletal muscle and pulmonary dysfunction in DMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Gibbs
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology.,Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
| | - Jamie L Marshall
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology.,Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
| | - Eva Ma
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology.,Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
| | - Thien M Nguyen
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology.,Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
| | - Grace Hong
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology.,Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
| | - Jessica S Lam
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology.,Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
| | - Melissa J Spencer
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles CA 90095, USA
| | - Rachelle H Crosbie-Watson
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology.,Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.,Department of Neurology David Geffen School of Medicine.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles CA 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Peter AK, Miller G, Capote J, DiFranco M, Solares-Pérez A, Wang EL, Heighway J, Coral-Vázquez RM, Vergara J, Crosbie-Watson RH. Nanospan, an alternatively spliced isoform of sarcospan, localizes to the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle and is absent in limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2F. Skelet Muscle 2017; 7:11. [PMID: 28587652 PMCID: PMC5461684 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-017-0127-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sarcospan (SSPN) is a transmembrane protein that interacts with the sarcoglycans (SGs) to form a tight subcomplex within the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex that spans the sarcolemma and interacts with laminin in the extracellular matrix. Overexpression of SSPN ameliorates Duchenne muscular dystrophy in murine models. Methods Standard cloning approaches were used to identify nanospan, and nanospan-specific polyclonal antibodies were generated and validated. Biochemical isolation of skeletal muscle membranes and two-photon laser scanning microscopy were used to analyze nanospan localization in muscle from multiple murine models. Duchenne muscular dystrophy biopsies were analyzed by immunoblot analysis of protein lysates as well as indirect immunofluorescence analysis of muscle cryosections. Results Nanospan is an alternatively spliced isoform of sarcospan. While SSPN has four transmembrane domains and is a core component of the sarcolemmal dystrophin-glycoprotein complex, nanospan is a type II transmembrane protein that does not associate with the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex. We demonstrate that nanospan is enriched in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) fractions and is not present in the T-tubules. SR fractions contain membranes from three distinct structural regions: a region flanking the T-tubules (triadic SR), a SR region across the Z-line (ZSR), and a longitudinal SR region across the M-line (LSR). Analysis of isolated murine muscles reveals that nanospan is mostly associated with the ZSR and triadic SR, and only minimally with the LSR. Furthermore, nanospan is absent from the SR of δ-SG-null (Sgcd−/−) skeletal muscle, a murine model for limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2F. Analysis of skeletal muscle biopsies from Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients reveals that nanospan is preferentially expressed in type I (slow) fibers in both control and Duchenne samples. Furthermore, nanospan is significantly reduced in Duchenne biopsies. Conclusions Alternative splicing of proteins from the SG-SSPN complex produces δ-SG3, microspan, and nanospan that localize to the ZSR and the triadic SR, where they may play a role in regulating resting calcium levels as supported by previous studies (Estrada et al., Biochem Biophys Res Commun 340:865–71, 2006). Thus, alternative splicing of SSPN mRNA generates three protein isoforms (SSPN, microspan, and nanospan) that differ in the number of transmembrane domains affecting subcellular membrane association into distinct protein complexes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13395-017-0127-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela K Peter
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Present Address: Biofrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Gaynor Miller
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Present Address: Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Joana Capote
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marino DiFranco
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alhondra Solares-Pérez
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Emily L Wang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jim Heighway
- Cancer Communications and Consultancy Ltd, Knutsford, Cheshire, UK
| | - Ramón M Coral-Vázquez
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Julio Vergara
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rachelle H Crosbie-Watson
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. .,Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. .,Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Panzer AA, Regmi SD, Cormier D, Danzo MT, Chen IBD, Winston JB, Hutchinson AK, Salm D, Schulkey CE, Cochran RS, Wilson DB, Jay PY. Nkx2-5 and Sarcospan genetically interact in the development of the muscular ventricular septum of the heart. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46438. [PMID: 28406175 PMCID: PMC5390293 DOI: 10.1038/srep46438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The muscular ventricular septum separates the flow of oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood in air-breathing vertebrates. Defects within it, termed muscular ventricular septal defects (VSDs), are common, yet less is known about how they arise than rarer heart defects. Mutations of the cardiac transcription factor NKX2-5 cause cardiac malformations, including muscular VSDs. We describe here a genetic interaction between Nkx2-5 and Sarcospan (Sspn) that affects the risk of muscular VSD in mice. Sspn encodes a protein in the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex. Sspn knockout (SspnKO) mice do not have heart defects, but Nkx2-5+/−/SspnKO mutants have a higher incidence of muscular VSD than Nkx2-5+/− mice. Myofibers in the ventricular septum follow a stereotypical pattern that is disrupted around a muscular VSD. Subendocardial myofibers normally run in parallel along the left ventricular outflow tract, but in the Nkx2-5+/−/SspnKO mutant they commonly deviate into the septum even in the absence of a muscular VSD. Thus, Nkx2-5 and Sspn act in a pathway that affects the alignment of myofibers during the development of the ventricular septum. The malalignment may be a consequence of a defect in the coalescence of trabeculae into the developing ventricular septum, which has been hypothesized to be the mechanistic basis of muscular VSDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam A Panzer
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8208 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Suk D Regmi
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8208 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - DePorres Cormier
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8208 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Megan T Danzo
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8208 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Iuan-Bor D Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8208 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Julia B Winston
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8208 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Alayna K Hutchinson
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8208 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Diana Salm
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8208 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Claire E Schulkey
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8208 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Rebecca S Cochran
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8208 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - David B Wilson
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8208 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8208 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Patrick Y Jay
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8208 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8208 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pereira JA, Mauricio AF, Marques MJ, Neto HS. Dual Therapy Deflazacort/Doxycyclyne Is Better Than Deflazacort Monotherapy to Alleviate Cardiomyopathy in Dystrophin-Deficient mdx Mice. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2016; 22:458-466. [PMID: 28793824 DOI: 10.1177/1074248416686189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy related to the absence of dystrophin is an important feature in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and in the mdx mouse. Doxycycline (DOX) could be a potential therapy for mdx skeletal muscles dystrophy. We investigated whether the corticoid deflazacort (DFZ) plus DOX could improve cardiac mdx dystrophy better than DFZ alone, later (17 months) in dystrophy. Mdx mice (8 months old) received DFZ/DOX or DFZ for 9 months. The combined therapy was greater than DFZ in reducing fibrosis (60% decrease with DFZ/DOX and 40% with DFZ alone) in the right ventricle and transforming growth factor β levels (6.8 ± 3.2 in untreated mdx mice, 2.8 ± 1.4 in combined therapy, and 4.6 ± 1.7 in DFZ; P < .05). Combined therapy more effectively ameliorated cardiac dysfunction (electrocardiogram [ECG]) than DFZ. Improvements were seen in the cardiomyopathy index (0.8 ± 0.1 in combined therapy and 1.0 ± 0.2 in DFZ), heart rate (418 ± 46 bpm in combined therapy and 457 ± 29 bpm in DFZ), QRS interval (11.3 ± 2 in combined therapy and 13.6 ± 1 in DFZ), and Q wave amplitude (-40.7 ± 21 in combined therapy and -90.9 ± 36 in DFZ). Both therapies decreased markers of inflammation (tumor necrosis factor α, nuclear factor κB, and metalloproteinase 9). DFZ/DOX improved mdx cardiomyopathy at this stage of the disease, supporting further clinical investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliano Alves Pereira
- 1 Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Fogagnolo Mauricio
- 1 Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Julia Marques
- 1 Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Humberto Santo Neto
- 1 Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Vander Heide RS. Mending a Broken Heart: The Role of Sarcospan in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy-Associated Cardiomyopathy. J Am Heart Assoc 2015; 4:JAHA.115.002928. [PMID: 26702081 PMCID: PMC4845299 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.002928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard S Vander Heide
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA (R.S.V.H.)
| |
Collapse
|