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Zheng K, Hao Y, Xia C, Cheng S, Yu J, Chen Z, Li Y, Niu Y, Ran S, Wang S, Ye W, Luo Z, Li X, Zhao J, Li R, Zong J, Zhang H, Lai L, Huang P, Zhou C, Xia J, Zhang X, Wu J. Effects and mechanisms of the myocardial microenvironment on cardiomyocyte proliferation and regeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1429020. [PMID: 39050889 PMCID: PMC11266095 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1429020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The adult mammalian cardiomyocyte has a limited capacity for self-renewal, which leads to the irreversible heart dysfunction and poses a significant threat to myocardial infarction patients. In the past decades, research efforts have been predominantly concentrated on the cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration. However, the heart is a complex organ that comprises not only cardiomyocytes but also numerous noncardiomyocyte cells, all playing integral roles in maintaining cardiac function. In addition, cardiomyocytes are exposed to a dynamically changing physical environment that includes oxygen saturation and mechanical forces. Recently, a growing number of studies on myocardial microenvironment in cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration is ongoing. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in myocardial microenvironment, which plays an important role in cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexiao Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanglin Hao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenkun Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaoxian Cheng
- Jingshan Union Hospital, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jizhang Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhang Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuqing Niu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuan Ran
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weicong Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zilong Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiulu Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junjie Zong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Longyong Lai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pinyan Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahong Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Zheng S, Ye L. Hemodynamic Melody of Postnatal Cardiac and Pulmonary Development in Children with Congenital Heart Diseases. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:234. [PMID: 38666846 PMCID: PMC11048247 DOI: 10.3390/biology13040234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Hemodynamics is the eternal theme of the circulatory system. Abnormal hemodynamics and cardiac and pulmonary development intertwine to form the most important features of children with congenital heart diseases (CHDs), thus determining these children's long-term quality of life. Here, we review the varieties of hemodynamic abnormalities that exist in children with CHDs, the recently developed neonatal rodent models of CHDs, and the inspirations these models have brought us in the areas of cardiomyocyte proliferation and maturation, as well as in alveolar development. Furthermore, current limitations, future directions, and clinical decision making based on these inspirations are highlighted. Understanding how CHD-associated hemodynamic scenarios shape postnatal heart and lung development may provide a novel path to improving the long-term quality of life of children with CHDs, transplantation of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, and cardiac regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixie Zheng
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai 200127, China;
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Lincai Ye
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai 200127, China;
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai 200127, China
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Li D, Hong H, Li M, Xu X, Wang S, Xiao Y, Zheng S, Wang Z, Yan Y, Chen H, Zhou C, Zhang H, Sun Q, Ye L. A surgical mouse model of neonatal right ventricular outflow tract obstruction by pulmonary artery banding. J Heart Lung Transplant 2024; 43:496-507. [PMID: 37839791 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUD Diseased animal models play an extremely important role in preclinical research. Lacking the corresponding animal models, many basic research studies cannot be carried out, and the conclusions obtained are incomplete or even incorrect. Right ventricular (RV) outflow tract (RVOT) obstruction leads to RV pressure overload (PO) and reduced pulmonary blood flow (RPF), which are 2 of the most important pathophysiological characteristics in pediatric cardiovascular diseases and seriously affect the survival rate and long-term quality of life of many children. Due to the lack of a neonatal mouse model for RVOT obstruction, it is largely unknown how RV PO and RPF regulate postnatal RV and pulmonary development. The aim of this study was to construct a neonatal RVOT obstruction mouse model. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we first introduced a neonatal mouse model of RVOT obstruction by pulmonary artery banding (PAB) on postnatal day 1. PAB induced neonatal RVOT obstruction, RV PO, and RPF. Neonatal RV PO induced cardiomyocyte proliferation, and neonatal RPF induced pulmonary dysplasia, the 2 features that are not observed in adult RVOT obstruction. As a result, PAB neonates exhibited overall developmental dysplasia, a sign similar to that of children with RVOT obstruction. CONCLUSIONS Because many pediatric cardiovascular diseases are associated with RV PO and RPF, the introduction of a neonatal mouse model of RVOT obstruction may greatly enhance our understanding of these diseases and eventually improve or save the lives of many children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debao Li
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifa Hong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghui Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiuxia Xu
- Department of Radiology, Huangpu Branch, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shoubao Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Xiao
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sixie Zheng
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Yan
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Rare Pediatric Diseases, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Research Center for Pediatric Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Heart Center and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxia Zhou
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Rare Pediatric Diseases, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Research Center for Pediatric Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Heart Center and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lincai Ye
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Liu X, Li X, Zhou H. Changes in glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase 2 during rat physiological and pathological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:595. [PMID: 38053021 PMCID: PMC10696840 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03648-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physiological and pathological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy are important pathophysiological processes of adult congenital heart disease-associated ventricular hypertrophy. Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) is a vital marker of myocardial injury. This study aimed to investigate the changes in GOT levels during physiological and pathological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in rats. METHODS RNA-seq analysis and colorimetric methods were used to evaluate the changes in GOT mRNA and activity, respectively. GOT2 protein expression was detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence. Hematoxylin-eosin and wheat germ agglutinin methods were used to observe changes in rat cardiomyocyte morphology. RESULTS In juvenile rat hearts, GOT mRNA expression and activity, and GOT2 protein level increased with age-related physiological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy; however, GOT2 protein level was reduced in hypoxia-induced pathological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. CONCLUSIONS GOT2 may regulate physiological and pathological myocardial hypertrophy in rats. We speculated that the low GOT2 level contributed to the rapid occurrence of pathological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, causing strong plasticity of right ventricular cardiomyocytes in the early postnatal period and heart failure in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Experimental Research Center, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Haotan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
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Dong Z, Chen D, Zheng S, Wang Z, Li D, Xiao Y, Sun S, Ye L, Qiu L, Hu Y, Hong H. Volume overload impedes the maturation of sarcomeres and T-tubules in the right atria: a potential cause of atrial arrhythmia following delayed atrial septal defect closure. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1237187. [PMID: 37908335 PMCID: PMC10614073 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1237187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Adult patients with atrial septal defects (ASD), the most common form of adult congenital heart disease, often die of arrhythmias, and the immaturity of cardiomyocytes contributes significantly to arrhythmias. ASD typically induces a left-to-right shunt, which then leads to the right atrium (RA) volume overload (VO). Whether or not VO contributes to RA cardiomyocyte immaturity and thereby causes arrhythmias in adult patients with ASD remains unclear. Methods: Here, we developed the first neonatal RA VO mouse model by creating a fistula between the inferior vena cava and abdominal aorta on postnatal day 7. RA VO was confirmed by increases in the mean flow velocity, mean pressure gradient, and velocity time integral across the tricuspid valve, and an increase in the RA diameter and RA area middle section. Results: We found that VO decreased the regularity and length of sarcomeres, and decreased the T-element density, regularity, and index of integrity of T-tubules in RA cardiomyocytes, suggesting that the two most important maturation hallmarks (sarcomere and T-tubules) of RA cardiomyocytes were impaired by VO. Accordingly, the calcium handling capacity of cardiomyocytes from postnatal day 21 (P21) RA was decreased by VO. VO caused a significant elongation of the PR interval. The expression of connexin 43 (Cx43) was decreased in RA VO. Moreover, gene ontology (GO) analysis of the downregulated genes in RA demonstrated that there was an abundance of enriched terms associated with sarcomeres and T-tubules exposed to VO. The results were further verified by qRT-PCR. Conclusions: In conclusion, the first neonatal RA VO mouse model was developed; furthermore, using this neonatal RA VO mouse model, we revealed that VO impeded RA sarcomere and T-tubule maturation, which may be the underlying causes of atrial arrhythmias in adult patients with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoya Dong
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Ningbo Women and Children’s Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dian Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sixie Zheng
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Debao Li
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Xiao
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijuan Sun
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lincai Ye
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisheng Qiu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifa Hong
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Ningbo Women and Children’s Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Li D, Qiu L, Hong H, Chen H, Zhao P, Xiao Y, Zhang H, Sun Q, Ye L. A neonatal rat model of pulmonary vein stenosis. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:112. [PMID: 37337290 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01058-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS), one of the most challenging clinical problems in congenital heart disease, leads to secondary pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy. Due to the lack of a rodent model, the mechanisms underlying PVS and its associated secondary effects are largely unknown, and treatments are minimally successful. This study developed a neonatal rat PVS model with the aim of increasing our understanding of the mechanisms and developing possible treatments for PVS. METHODS PVS was created at postnatal day 1 (P1) by banding pulmonary veins that receive blood from the right anterior and mid lobes. The condition was confirmed using echocardiography, computed tomography (CT), gross anatomic examination, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, fibrosis staining, and immunofluorescence. Lung and RV remodeling under the condition of PVS were evaluated using H&E staining, fibrosis staining, and immunofluorescence. RESULTS At P21, echocardiography revealed a change in wave form and a decrease in pulmonary artery acceleration time-indicators of PAH-at the transpulmonary valve site in the PVS group. CT at P21 showed a decrease in pulmonary vein diameter in the PVS group. At P30 in the PVS group, gross anatomic examination showed pulmonary congestion, H&E staining showed wall thickening and lumen narrowing in the upstream pulmonary veins, and immunofluorescence showed an increase in the smooth muscle layers in the upstream pulmonary veins. In addition, at P30 in the PVS group, lung remodeling was evidenced by hyperemia, thickening of pulmonary small vessel walls and smooth muscle layers, and reduction of the number of alveoli. RV remodeling was evidenced by an increase in RV free wall thickness. CONCLUSIONS A neonatal rat model of PVS was successfully established, showing secondary lung and RV remodeling. This model may serve as a useful platform for understanding the mechanisms and treatments for PVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debao Li
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Lisheng Qiu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Haifa Hong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Peibin Zhao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Yingying Xiao
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Children's Heart Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Lincai Ye
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
- Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Li DB, Xu XX, Hu YQ, Cui Q, Xiao YY, Sun SJ, Chen LJ, Ye LC, Sun Q. Congenital heart disease-associated pulmonary dysplasia and its underlying mechanisms. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 324:L89-L101. [PMID: 36472329 PMCID: PMC9925164 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00195.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical observation indicates that exercise capacity, an important determinant of survival in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), is most decreased in children with reduced pulmonary blood flow (RPF). However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we obtained human RPF lung samples from children with tetralogy of Fallot as well as piglet and rat RPF lung samples from animals with pulmonary artery banding surgery. We observed impaired alveolarization and vascularization, the main characteristics of pulmonary dysplasia, in the lungs of RPF infants, piglets, and rats. RPF caused smaller lungs, cyanosis, and body weight loss in neonatal rats and reduced the number of alveolar type 2 cells. RNA sequencing demonstrated that RPF induced the downregulation of metabolism and migration, a key biological process of late alveolar development, and the upregulation of immune response, which was confirmed by flow cytometry and cytokine detection. In addition, the immunosuppressant cyclosporine A rescued pulmonary dysplasia and increased the expression of the Wnt signaling pathway, which is the driver of postnatal lung development. We concluded that RPF results in pulmonary dysplasia, which may account for the reduced exercise capacity of patients with CHD with RPF. The underlying mechanism is associated with immune response activation, and immunosuppressants have a therapeutic effect in CHD-associated pulmonary dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Bao Li
- 1Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Xia Xu
- 4Department of Radiology, Huangpu Branch, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qing Hu
- 3Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Cui
- 3Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Ying Xiao
- 1Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si-Juan Sun
- 5Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Jun Chen
- 3Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin-Cai Ye
- 2Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Sun
- 1Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Li D, Wang J, Fang Y, Hu Y, Xiao Y, Cui Q, Jiang C, Sun S, Chen H, Ye L, Sun Q. Impaired cell-cell communication and axon guidance because of pulmonary hypoperfusion during postnatal alveolar development. Respir Res 2023; 24:12. [PMID: 36631871 PMCID: PMC9833865 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02319-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypoperfusion is common in children with congenital heart diseases (CHDs) or pulmonary hypertension (PH) and causes adult pulmonary dysplasia. Systematic reviews have shown that some children with CHDs or PH have mitigated clinical outcomes with COVID-19. Understanding the effects of pulmonary hypoperfusion on postnatal alveolar development may aid in the development of methods to improve the pulmonary function of children with CHDs or PH and improve their care during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is characterized by cytokine storm and persistent inflammation. METHODS AND RESULTS We created a neonatal pulmonary hypoperfusion model through pulmonary artery banding (PAB) surgery at postnatal day 1 (P1). Alveolar dysplasia was confirmed by gross and histological examination at P21. Transcriptomic analysis of pulmonary tissues at P7(alveolar stage 2) and P14(alveolar stage 4) revealed that the postnatal alveolar development track had been changed due to pulmonary hypoperfusion. Under the condition of pulmonary hypoperfusion, the cell-cell communication and axon guidance, which both determine the final number of alveoli, were lost; instead, there was hyperactive cell cycle activity. The transcriptomic results were further confirmed by the examination of axon guidance and cell cycle markers. Because axon guidance controls inflammation and immune cell activation, the loss of axon guidance may explain the lack of severe COVID-19 cases among children with CHDs or PH accompanied by pulmonary hypoperfusion. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that promoting cell-cell communication or supplementation with guidance molecules may treat pulmonary hypoperfusion-induced alveolar dysplasia, and that COVID-19 is less likely to cause a cytokine storm in children with CHD or PH accompanied by pulmonary hypoperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debao Li
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127 China
| | - Jing Wang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- grid.412523.30000 0004 0386 9086Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Hu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Xiao
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127 China
| | - Qing Cui
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan Jiang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127 China
| | - Sijuan Sun
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Chen
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127 China
| | - Lincai Ye
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127 China
| | - Qi Sun
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127 China
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9
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Zhou C, Li D, Cui Q, Sun Q, Hu Y, Xiao Y, Jiang C, Qiu L, Zhang H, Ye L, Sun Y. Ability of the Right Ventricle to Serve as a Systemic Ventricle in Response to the Volume Overload at the Neonatal Stage. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121831. [PMID: 36552341 PMCID: PMC9775952 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), volume overload (VO) is inevitable, and the right ventricle (RV) pumps blood into the systemic circulation. Understanding the molecular differences and their different responses to VO between the RV and left ventricle (LV) at the neonatal and highly plastic stages may improve the long-term management of children with HLHS. METHODS AND RESULTS A neonatal rat ventricular VO model was established by the creation of a fistula between the inferior vena cava and the abdominal aorta on postnatal day 1 (P1) and confirmed by echocardiographic and histopathological analyses. Transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that some of the major differences between a normal neonatal RV and LV were associated with the thyroid hormone and insulin signaling pathways. Under the influence of VO, the levels of insulin receptors and thyroid hormone receptors were significantly increased in the LV but decreased in the RV. The transcriptomic analysis also demonstrated that under the influence of VO, the top two common enriched pathways between the RV and LV were the insulin and thyroid hormone signaling pathways, whereas the RV-specific enriched pathways were primarily associated with lipid metabolism and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC); further, the LV-specific enriched pathways were primarily associated with nucleic acid metabolism and microRNAs in cancer. CONCLUSIONS Insulin and thyroid hormones may play critical roles in the differences between a neonatal RV and LV as well as their common responses to VO. Regarding the isolated responses to VO, the RV favors an ARVC change and the LV favors a reduction in microRNAs in cancer. The current study suggests that insulin, thyroid hormone, and cancer-associated microRNAs are potential therapeutic targets that should be explored by basic science studies to improve the function of the RV to match that of the LV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Zhou
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Debao Li
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Qing Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yuqing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yingying Xiao
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Chuan Jiang
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Lisheng Qiu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (Y.S.); Tel.: +86-21-38626649 (H.Z. & Y.S.); Fax: +86-21-50891405 (H.Z. & Y.S.)
| | - Lincai Ye
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yanjun Sun
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (Y.S.); Tel.: +86-21-38626649 (H.Z. & Y.S.); Fax: +86-21-50891405 (H.Z. & Y.S.)
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10
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Hu Y, Li D, Zhou C, Xiao Y, Sun S, Jiang C, Chen L, Liu J, Zhang H, Li F, Hong H, Ye L. Molecular Changes in Prepubertal Left Ventricular Development Under Experimental Volume Overload. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:850248. [PMID: 35497975 PMCID: PMC9039316 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.850248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Left ventricular (LV) volume overload (VO), commonly found in patients with chronic aortic regurgitation (AR), leads to a series of left ventricular (LV) pathological responses and eventually irreversible LV dysfunction. Recently, questions about the applicability of the guideline for the optimal timing of valvular surgery to correct chronic AR have been raised in regard to both adult and pediatric patients. Understanding how VO regulates postnatal LV development may shed light on the best timing of surgical or drug intervention. Methods and Results Prepubertal LV VO was induced by aortocaval fistula (ACF) on postnatal day 7 (P7) in mice. LV free walls were analyzed on P14 and P21. RNA-sequencing analysis demonstrated that normal (P21_Sham vs.P14_Sham) and VO-influenced (P21_VO vs. P14_VO) LV development shared common terms of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) in the downregulation of cell cycle activities and the upregulation of metabolic and sarcomere maturation. The enriched GO terms associated with cardiac condition were only observed in normal LV development, while the enriched GO terms associated with immune responses were only observed in VO-influenced LV development. These results were further validated by the examination of the markers of cell cycle, maturation, and immune responses. When normal and VO-influenced LVs of P21 were compared, they were different in terms of immune responses, angiogenesis, percentage of Ki67-positive cardiomyocytes, mitochondria number, T-tubule regularity, and sarcomere regularity and length. Conclusions A prepubertal LV VO mouse model was first established. VO has an important influence on LV maturation and development, especially in cardiac conduction, suggesting the requirement of an early correction of AR in pediatric patients. The underlying mechanism may be associated with the activation of immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Debao Li
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxia Zhou
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Xiao
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijuan Sun
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan Jiang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinfen Liu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fen Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Fen Li
| | - Haifa Hong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Haifa Hong
| | - Lincai Ye
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Lincai Ye
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11
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Accelerated Growth, Differentiation, and Ploidy with Reduced Proliferation of Right Ventricular Cardiomyocytes in Children with Congenital Heart Defect Tetralogy of Fallot. Cells 2022; 11:cells11010175. [PMID: 35011735 PMCID: PMC8750260 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The myocardium of children with tetralogy of Fallot (TF) undergoes hemodynamic overload and hypoxemia immediately after birth. Comparative analysis of changes in the ploidy and morphology of the right ventricular cardiomyocytes in children with TF in the first years of life demonstrated their significant increase compared with the control group. In children with TF, there was a predominantly diffuse distribution of Connexin43-containing gap junctions over the cardiomyocytes sarcolemma, which redistributed into the intercalated discs as cardiomyocytes differentiation increased. The number of Ki67-positive cardiomyocytes varied greatly and amounted to 7.0–1025.5/106 cardiomyocytes and also were decreased with increased myocytes differentiation. Ultrastructural signs of immaturity and proliferative activity of cardiomyocytes in children with TF were demonstrated. The proportion of interstitial tissue did not differ significantly from the control group. The myocardium of children with TF under six months of age was most sensitive to hypoxemia, it was manifested by a delay in the intercalated discs and myofibril assembly and the appearance of ultrastructural signs of dystrophic changes in the cardiomyocytes. Thus, the acceleration of ontogenetic growth and differentiation of the cardiomyocytes, but not the reactivation of their proliferation, was an adaptation of the immature myocardium of children with TF to hemodynamic overload and hypoxemia.
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12
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Costa A, Cushman S, Haubner BJ, Derda AA, Thum T, Bär C. Neonatal injury models: integral tools to decipher the molecular basis of cardiac regeneration. Basic Res Cardiol 2022; 117:26. [PMID: 35503383 PMCID: PMC9064850 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00931-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial injury often leads to heart failure due to the loss and insufficient regeneration of resident cardiomyocytes. The low regenerative potential of the mammalian heart is one of the main drivers of heart failure progression, especially after myocardial infarction accompanied by large contractile muscle loss. Preclinical therapies for cardiac regeneration are promising, but clinically still missing. Mammalian models represent an excellent translational in vivo platform to test drugs and treatments for the promotion of cardiac regeneration. Particularly, short-lived mice offer the possibility to monitor the outcome of such treatments throughout the life span. Importantly, there is a short period of time in newborn mice in which the heart retains full regenerative capacity after cardiac injury, which potentially also holds true for the neonatal human heart. Thus, in vivo neonatal mouse models of cardiac injury are crucial to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the cardiac regenerative processes and to devise novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of diseased adult hearts. Here, we provide an overview of the established injury models to study cardiac regeneration. We summarize pioneering studies that demonstrate the potential of using neonatal cardiac injury models to identify factors that may stimulate heart regeneration by inducing endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation in the adult heart. To conclude, we briefly summarize studies in large animal models and the insights gained in humans, which may pave the way toward the development of novel approaches in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Costa
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany ,REBIRTH-Centre for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sarah Cushman
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bernhard J. Haubner
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology and Angiology), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria ,Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anselm A. Derda
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany ,Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany ,REBIRTH-Centre for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany ,Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Bär
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany ,REBIRTH-Centre for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany ,Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hannover, Germany
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13
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Cui Q, Sun S, Zhu H, Xiao Y, Jiang C, Zhang H, Liu J, Ye L, Shen J. Volume Overload Initiates an Immune Response in the Right Ventricle at the Neonatal Stage. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:772336. [PMID: 34869688 PMCID: PMC8635051 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.772336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pulmonary regurgitation caused by the correction or palliation of pediatric tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) leads to chronic right ventricular (RV) volume overload (VO), which induces adolescent RV dysfunction. A better understanding of the molecular mechanism by which VO initiates neonatal RV remodeling may bring new insights into the post-surgical management of pediatric TOF. Methods and Results: We created a fistula between the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava on postnatal day 1 (P1) using a rat model to induce neonatal VO. Echocardiography revealed that the velocity and velocity- time-integral of the pulmonary artery (PA) were significantly elevated, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining showed that the diameter of the RV significantly increased. RNA-seq analysis of the RV on P7 indicated that the top 10 enriched Gene Ontology (GO) terms and the top 20 enriched terms in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were associated with immune responses. Flow-cytometric analysis demonstrated that the number of CD4+and CD8+ immune cells were significantly augmented in the VO group compared with the sham group. Conclusions: A neonatal cardiac VO rat model on P1 was successfully created, providing a platform for studying the molecular biology of neonatal RV under the influence of VO. VO - induces an immune response at the neonatal stage (from P1 to P7), suggesting that immune responses may be an initiating factor for neonatal RV remodeling under the influence of VO and that immunosuppressants may be used to prevent pediatric RV remodeling caused by VO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijuan Sun
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbin Zhu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Xiao
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan Jiang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinfen Liu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lincai Ye
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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14
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Bossers GPL, Günthel M, van der Feen DE, Hagdorn QAJ, Koop AMC, van Duijvenboden K, Barnett P, Borgdorff MAJ, Christoffels VM, Silljé HHW, Berger RMF, Bartelds B. Neuregulin-1 enhances cell-cycle activity, delays cardiac fibrosis, and improves cardiac performance in rat pups with right ventricular pressure load. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 164:e493-e510. [PMID: 34922752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Right ventricular (RV) failure is a leading cause of death in patients with congenital heart disease. RV failure is kept at bay during childhood. Limited proliferation of cardiomyocytes is present in the postnatal heart. We propose that cardiomyocyte proliferation improves RV adaptation to pressure load (PL). We studied adaptation in response to increased RV PL and the role of increased cardiomyocyte cell cycle activity (CCA) in rat pups growing into adulthood. METHODS We induced RV PL at day of weaning in rats (3 weeks; 30-40 g) by pulmonary artery banding and followed rats into adulthood (300 g). We performed histological analyses and RNA sequencing analysis. To study the effects of increased cardiomyocyte cell cycle activity, we administered neuregulin-1 (NRG1), a growth factor involved in cardiac development. RESULTS PL induced an increase in CCA, with subsequent decline of CCA (sham/PL at 4 weeks: 0.14%/0.83%; P = .04 and 8 weeks: 0.00%/0.00%; P = .484) and cardiac function (cardiac index: control/PL 4 weeks: 4.41/3.29; P = .468 and 8 weeks: 3.57/1.44; P = .024). RNA sequencing analysis revealed delayed maturation and increased CCA pathways. NRG1 stimulated CCA (PL vehicle/NRG1 at 2 weeks: 0.62%/2.28%; P = .003), improved cardiac function (cardiac index control vs vehicle/NRG1 at 2 weeks: 4.21 vs 3.07/4.17; P = .009/.705) and postponed fibrosis (control vs vehicle/NRG1 at 4 weeks: 1.66 vs 4.82%/2.97%; P = .009/.078) in RV PL rats during childhood. CONCLUSIONS RV PL during growth induces a transient CCA increase. Further CCA stimulation improves cardiac function and delays fibrosis. This proof-of-concept study shows that stimulation of CCA can improve RV adaptation to PL in the postnatal developing heart and might provide a new approach to preserve RV function in patients with congenital heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido P L Bossers
- Center for Congenital Heart Diseases, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Marie Günthel
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diederik E van der Feen
- Center for Congenital Heart Diseases, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Quint A J Hagdorn
- Center for Congenital Heart Diseases, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne-Marie C Koop
- Center for Congenital Heart Diseases, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Karel van Duijvenboden
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Phil Barnett
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marinus A J Borgdorff
- Center for Congenital Heart Diseases, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent M Christoffels
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Herman H W Silljé
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rolf M F Berger
- Center for Congenital Heart Diseases, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Beatrijs Bartelds
- Center for Congenital Heart Diseases, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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15
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Wang S, Jiang C, Zhao L, Sun S, Xiao Y, Ye L, Sun Q, Li J. Metabolic maturation during postnatal right ventricular development switches to heart-contraction regulation due to volume overload. J Cardiol 2021; 79:110-120. [PMID: 34518077 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2021.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic maturation is one of the primary processes of postnatal cardiomyocyte development. How volume overload (VO), a pathological state of the right ventricle (RV) in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) and patients with heart failure, affects cardiomyocyte metabolic maturation is unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS A fistula between the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava on postnatal day 7 (P7) was created in a mouse model to induce a young-aged RV VO. RNA sequencing revealed that the most enriched gene ontology (GO) terms of the upregulated transcriptome had been changed from metabolic maturation to heart contraction by VO. Transmission electron microscopy imaging showed that metabolic maturation marker-mitochondria were converted into the maturation style in the sham group while remaining unchanged in VO group. Calcium imaging showed that the calcium handling ability had slightly increased in the sham group but dramatically increased in the VO group, even with irregular contraction. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that the top three enriched KEGG pathways for the upregulated transcriptome during normal RV development were the citrate cycle, cardiac muscle contraction, and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum. VO changed those to arrhythmogenic RV cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic maturation of postnatal RV development was partly interrupted by VO, and the underlining mechanism was associated with the activation of cardiomyopathy pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoubao Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan Jiang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Long Zhao
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sijuan Sun
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Xiao
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lincai Ye
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Junpeng Li
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
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16
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Sun S, Hu Y, Xiao Y, Wang S, Jiang C, Liu J, Zhang H, Hong H, Li F, Ye L. Postnatal Right Ventricular Developmental Track Changed by Volume Overload. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e020854. [PMID: 34387124 PMCID: PMC8475045 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.020854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Current right ventricular (RV) volume overload (VO) is established in adult mice. There are no neonatal mouse VO models and how VO affects postnatal RV development is largely unknown. Methods and Results Neonatal VO was induced by the fistula between abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava on postnatal day 7 and confirmed by abdominal ultrasound, echocardiography, and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The RNA-sequencing results showed that the top 5 most enriched gene ontology terms in normal RV development were energy derivation by oxidation of organic compounds, generation of precursor metabolites and energy, cellular respiration, striated muscle tissue development, and muscle organ development. Under the influence of VO, the top 5 most enriched gene ontology terms were angiogenesis, regulation of cytoskeleton organization, regulation of vasculature development, regulation of mitotic cell cycle, and regulation of the actin filament-based process. The top 3 enriched signaling pathways for the normal RV development were PPAR signaling pathway, citrate cycle (Tricarboxylic acid cycle), and fatty acid degradation. VO changed the signaling pathways to focal adhesion, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and pathways in cancer. The RNA sequencing results were confirmed by the examination of the markers of metabolic and cardiac muscle maturation and the markers of cell cycle and angiogenesis. Conclusions A neonatal mouse VO model was successfully established, and the main processes of postnatal RV development were metabolic and cardiac muscle maturation, and VO changed that to angiogenesis and cell cycle regulation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Aorta, Abdominal/physiopathology
- Aorta, Abdominal/surgery
- Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- RNA-Seq
- Time Factors
- Transcriptome
- Vena Cava, Inferior/physiopathology
- Vena Cava, Inferior/surgery
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/etiology
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/genetics
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/physiopathology
- Ventricular Function, Right/genetics
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijuan Sun
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care UnitShanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yuqing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yingying Xiao
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shoubao Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chuan Jiang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jinfen Liu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart DiseaseShanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Haifa Hong
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart DiseaseShanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Fen Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lincai Ye
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Pediatric Translational MedicineShanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart DiseaseShanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
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17
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Downregulated developmental processes in the postnatal right ventricle under the influence of a volume overload. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:208. [PMID: 34365468 PMCID: PMC8349357 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00593-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular atlas of postnatal mouse ventricular development has been made available and cardiac regeneration is documented to be a downregulated process. The right ventricle (RV) differs from the left ventricle. How volume overload (VO), a common pathologic state in children with congenital heart disease, affects the downregulated processes of the RV is currently unclear. We created a fistula between the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava on postnatal day 7 (P7) using a mouse model to induce a prepubertal RV VO. RNAseq analysis of RV (from postnatal day 14 to 21) demonstrated that angiogenesis was the most enriched gene ontology (GO) term in both the sham and VO groups. Regulation of the mitotic cell cycle was the second-most enriched GO term in the VO group but it was not in the list of enriched GO terms in the sham group. In addition, the number of Ki67-positive cardiomyocytes increased approximately 20-fold in the VO group compared to the sham group. The intensity of the vascular endothelial cells also changed dramatically over time in both groups. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of the downregulated transcriptome revealed that the peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway was replaced by the cell cycle in the top-20 enriched KEGG terms because of the VO. Angiogenesis was one of the primary downregulated processes in postnatal RV development, and the cell cycle was reactivated under the influence of VO. The mechanism underlying the effects we observed may be associated with the replacement of the PPAR-signaling pathway with the cell-cycle pathway.
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18
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Davidson SM, Padró T, Bollini S, Vilahur G, Duncker DJ, Evans PC, Guzik T, Hoefer IE, Waltenberger J, Wojta J, Weber C. Progress in cardiac research - from rebooting cardiac regeneration to a complete cell atlas of the heart. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:2161-2174. [PMID: 34114614 PMCID: PMC8344830 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We review some of the important discoveries and advances made in basic and translational cardiac research in 2020. For example, in the field of myocardial infarction (MI), new aspects of autophagy and the importance of eosinophils were described. Novel approaches such as a glycocalyx mimetic were used to improve cardiac recovery following MI. The strategy of 3D bio-printing was shown to allow the fabrication of a chambered cardiac organoid. The benefit of combining tissue engineering with paracrine therapy to heal injured myocardium is discussed. We highlight the importance of cell-to cell communication, in particular the relevance of extracellular vesicles such as exosomes, which transport proteins, lipids, non-coding RNAs and mRNAs and actively contribute to angiogenesis and myocardial regeneration. In this rapidly growing field, new strategies were developed to stimulate the release of reparative exosomes in ischaemic myocardium. Single-cell sequencing technology is causing a revolution in the study of transcriptional expression at cellular resolution, revealing unanticipated heterogeneity within cardiomyocytes, pericytes and fibroblasts, and revealing a unique subpopulation of cardiac fibroblasts. Several studies demonstrated that exosome- and non-coding RNA-mediated approaches can enhance human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) viability and differentiation into mature cardiomyocytes. Important details of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter and its relevance were elucidated. Novel aspects of cancer therapeutic-induced cardiotoxicity were described, such as the novel circular RNA circITCH, which may lead to novel treatments. Finally, we provide some insights into the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London WC1E 6HX, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Padró
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau-IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sveva Bollini
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau-IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dirk J Duncker
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul C Evans
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease and Insigneo Institute, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Tomasz Guzik
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK and Department of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland
| | - Imo E Hoefer
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Johannes Waltenberger
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Johann Wojta
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), LMU Munich, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, the Netherlands
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19
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Xiao Y, Li J, Qiu L, Jiang C, Huang Y, Liu J, Sun Q, Hong H, Ye L. Dexmedetomidine Protects Human Cardiomyocytes Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through α2-Adrenergic Receptor/AMPK-Dependent Autophagy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:615424. [PMID: 34093174 PMCID: PMC8176440 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.615424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R) strongly affects the prognosis of children with complicated congenital heart diseases (CHDs) who undergo long-term cardiac surgical processes. Recently, the α2-adrenergic receptor agonist Dexmedetomidine (Dex) has been reported to protect cardiomyocytes (CMs) from I/R in cellular models and adult rodent models. However, whether and how Dex may protect human CMs in young children remains largely unknown. Methods and Results: Human ventricular tissue from tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) patients and CMs derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC-CMs) were used to assess whether and how Dex protects human CMs from I/R. The results showed that when pretreated with Dex, the apoptosis marker-TUNEL and cleaved caspase 3 in the ventricular tissue were significantly reduced. In addition, the autophagy marker LC3II was significantly increased compared with that of the control group. When exposed to the hypoxia/reoxygenation process, iPSC-CMs pretreated with Dex also showed reduced TUNEL and cleaved caspase 3 and increased LC3II. When the autophagy inhibitor (3-methyladenine, 3-MA) was applied to the iPSC-CMs, the protective effect of Dex on the CMs was largely blocked. In addition, when the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes was blocked by Bafilomycin A1, the degradation of p62 induced by Dex during the autophagy process was suspended. Moreover, when pretreated with Dex, both the human ventricle and the iPSC-CMs expressed more AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and phospho AMPK (pAMPK) during the I/R process. After AMPK knockout or the use of an α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist-yohimbine, the protection of Dex and its enhancement of autophagy were inhibited. Conclusion: Dex protects young human CMs from I/R injury, and α2-adrenergic receptor/AMPK-dependent autophagy plays an important role during this process. Dex may have a therapeutic effect for children with CHD who undergo long-term cardiac surgical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Xiao
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junpeng Li
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Lisheng Qiu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan Jiang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanhui Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinfen Liu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifa Hong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lincai Ye
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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20
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Gu J, Chen X, Jin Y, Liu M, Xu Q, Liu X, Luo Z, Ling S, Liu N, Liu S. A Neonatal Mouse Model for Pressure Overload: Myocardial Response Corresponds to Severity. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:660246. [PMID: 34095250 PMCID: PMC8175619 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.660246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The heart regeneration after apical resection and myocardial infarction in neonatal mice has been studied for years. However, the response of neonatal mouse heart under pressure overload is seldom explored. This study aimed to induce pressure overload in neonatal mice through a transverse aortic constriction (TAC) with different-gauge needles so as to investigate the effect of pressure overload on cardiomyocyte proliferation and hypertrophy in these mice. Myocardial hypertrophy was evaluated by echocardiographic, pathological, and molecular analyses. Cardiomyocyte proliferation was detected by immune-staining of phospho-histone H3, Ki67, and 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine. Mild pressure overload induced with a 30-gauge needle stimulated cardiomyocyte proliferation, adaptive hypertrophy, and angiogenesis. The heart function was not hampered even 21 days after the surgery. Moderate pressure overload induced with a 32-gauge needle led to pathological myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, and heart failure 7 days after the surgery. The gene and protein expression levels of markers of hypertrophy and fibrosis increased in 32-gauge TAC group compared with that in sham and 30-gauge TAC groups. The mice barely survived after severe pressure overload induced with a 34-gauge needle. The findings of this study might provide new insights into cardiomyocyte proliferation and hypertrophy in neonatal mice under pressure overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jielei Gu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuke Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangshuo Jin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingke Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Luo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sisi Ling
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ningning Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiming Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Liu Y, Luo Q, Su Z, Xing J, Wu J, Xiang L, Huang Y, Pan H, Wu X, Zhang X, Li J, Yan F, Zhang H. Suppression of Myocardial Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Compromises Metabolic Adaptation and Impairs Cardiac Function in Patients With Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease During Puberty. Circulation 2021; 143:2254-2272. [PMID: 33663226 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.051937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD) is a complex pathophysiological condition involving systemic chronic hypoxia (CH). Some patients with CCHD are unoperated for various reasons and remain chronically hypoxic throughout their lives, which heightens the risk of heart failure as they age. Hypoxia activates cellular metabolic adaptation to balance energy demands by accumulating hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1α). This study aims to determine the effect of CH on cardiac metabolism and function in patients with CCHD and its association with age. The role of HIF-1α in this process was investigated, and potential therapeutic targets were explored. METHODS Patients with CCHD (n=25) were evaluated for cardiac metabolism and function with positron emission tomography/computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Heart tissue samples were subjected to metabolomic and protein analyses. CH rodent models were generated to enable continuous observation of changes in cardiac metabolism and function. The role of HIF-1α in cardiac metabolic adaptation to CH was investigated with genetically modified animals and isotope-labeled metabolomic pathway tracing studies. RESULTS Prepubertal patients with CCHD had glucose-dominant cardiac metabolism and normal cardiac function. In comparison, among patients who had entered puberty, the levels of myocardial glucose uptake and glycolytic intermediates were significantly decreased, but fatty acids were significantly increased, along with decreased left ventricular ejection fraction. These clinical phenotypes were replicated in CH rodent models. In patients with CCHD and animals exposed to CH, myocardial HIF-1α was upregulated before puberty but was significantly downregulated during puberty. In cardiomyocyte-specific Hif-1α-knockout mice, CH failed to initiate the switch of myocardial substrates from fatty acids to glucose, thereby inhibiting ATP production and impairing cardiac function. Increased insulin resistance during puberty suppressed myocardial HIF-1α and was responsible for cardiac metabolic maladaptation in animals exposed to CH. Pioglitazone significantly reduced myocardial insulin resistance, restored glucose metabolism, and improved cardiac function in pubertal CH animals. CONCLUSIONS In patients with CCHD, maladaptation of cardiac metabolism occurred during puberty, along with impaired cardiac function. HIF-1α was identified as the key regulator of cardiac metabolic adaptation in animals exposed to CH, and pubertal insulin resistance could suppress its expression. Pioglitazone administration during puberty might help improve cardiac function in patients with CCHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Liu
- Heart Center and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (Y.L., J.X., L.X., H.Z.).,Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Rare Pediatric Diseases, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (Y.L., H.Z.)
| | - Qipeng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., Z.S., Y.H., H.P., X.W., X.Z., J.L., F.Y.).,Department of Anesthesia, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., X.W., F.Y.).,Pain Medicine Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (Q.L.)
| | - Zhanhao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., Z.S., Y.H., H.P., X.W., X.Z., J.L., F.Y.)
| | - Junyue Xing
- Heart Center and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (Y.L., J.X., L.X., H.Z.)
| | - Jinlin Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China (J.W.)
| | - Li Xiang
- Heart Center and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (Y.L., J.X., L.X., H.Z.)
| | - Yuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., Z.S., Y.H., H.P., X.W., X.Z., J.L., F.Y.)
| | - Haizhou Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., Z.S., Y.H., H.P., X.W., X.Z., J.L., F.Y.).,Children's Heart Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China (H.P.)
| | - Xie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., Z.S., Y.H., H.P., X.W., X.Z., J.L., F.Y.).,Department of Anesthesia, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., X.W., F.Y.)
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., Z.S., Y.H., H.P., X.W., X.Z., J.L., F.Y.)
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., Z.S., Y.H., H.P., X.W., X.Z., J.L., F.Y.)
| | - Fuxia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., Z.S., Y.H., H.P., X.W., X.Z., J.L., F.Y.).,Department of Anesthesia, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Q.L., X.W., F.Y.)
| | - Hao Zhang
- Heart Center and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (Y.L., J.X., L.X., H.Z.).,Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Rare Pediatric Diseases, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (Y.L., H.Z.)
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22
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Ye L, Wang S, Xiao Y, Jiang C, Huang Y, Chen H, Zhang H, Zhang H, Liu J, Xu Z, Hong H. Pressure Overload Greatly Promotes Neonatal Right Ventricular Cardiomyocyte Proliferation: A New Model for the Study of Heart Regeneration. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e015574. [PMID: 32475201 PMCID: PMC7429015 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.015574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Current mammalian models for heart regeneration research are limited to neonatal apex amputation and myocardial infarction, both of which are controversial. RNAseq has demonstrated a very limited set of differentially expressed genes between sham and operated hearts in myocardial infarction models. Here, we investigated in rats whether pressure overload in the right ventricle, a common phenomenon in children with congenital heart disease, could be used as a better animal model for heart regeneration studies when considering cardiomyocyte proliferation as the most important index. Methods and Results In the rat model, pressure overload was induced by pulmonary artery banding on postnatal day 1 and confirmed by echocardiography and hemodynamic measurements at postnatal day 7. RNA sequencing analyses of purified right ventricular cardiomyocytes at postnatal day 7 from pulmonary artery banding and sham-operated rats revealed that there were 5469 differentially expressed genes between these 2 groups. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that these genes mainly mediated mitosis and cell division. Cell proliferation assays indicated a continuous overproliferation of cardiomyocytes in the right ventricle after pulmonary artery banding, in particular for the first 3 postnatal days. We also validated the model using samples from overloaded right ventricles of human patients. There was an approximately 2-fold increase of Ki67/pHH3/aurora B-positive cardiomyocytes in human-overloaded right ventricles compared with nonoverloaded right ventricles. Other features of this animal model included cardiomyocyte hypotrophy with no fibrosis. Conclusions Pressure overload profoundly promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation in the neonatal stage in both rats and human beings. This activates a regeneration-specific gene program and may offer an alternative animal model for heart regeneration research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lincai Ye
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China.,Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China.,Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Shoubao Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Yingying Xiao
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Chuan Jiang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China.,Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China.,Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Yanhui Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Huiwen Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China.,Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Jinfen Liu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Zhuoming Xu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Haifa Hong
- Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
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