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Husna N, Aiba T, Fujita SI, Saito Y, Shiba D, Kudo T, Takahashi S, Furukawa S, Muratani M. Release of CD36-associated cell-free mitochondrial DNA and RNA as a hallmark of space environment response. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4814. [PMID: 38862469 PMCID: PMC11166646 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41995-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
A detailed understanding of how spaceflight affects human health is essential for long-term space exploration. Liquid biopsies allow for minimally-invasive multi-omics assessments that can resolve the molecular heterogeneity of internal tissues. Here, we report initial results from the JAXA Cell-Free Epigenome Study, a liquid biopsy study with six astronauts who resided on the International Space Station (ISS) for more than 120 days. Analysis of plasma cell-free RNA (cfRNA) collected before, during, and after spaceflight confirms previously reported mitochondrial dysregulation in space. Screening with 361 cell surface marker antibodies identifies a mitochondrial DNA-enriched fraction associated with the scavenger receptor CD36. RNA-sequencing of the CD36 fraction reveals tissue-enriched RNA species, suggesting the plasma mitochondrial components originated from various tissues. We compare our plasma cfRNA data to mouse plasma cfRNA data from a previous JAXA mission, which had used on-board artificial gravity, and discover a link between microgravity and the observed mitochondrial responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nailil Husna
- Department of Genome Biology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Program in Humanics, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Aiba
- Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Ibaraki, 305-8505, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Fujita
- Department of Genome Biology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA
| | - Yoshika Saito
- Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8303, Japan
| | - Dai Shiba
- Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Ibaraki, 305-8505, Japan
| | - Takashi Kudo
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Satoshi Furukawa
- Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Ibaraki, 305-8505, Japan
| | - Masafumi Muratani
- Department of Genome Biology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
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2
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Overbey EG, Ryon K, Kim J, Tierney BT, Klotz R, Ortiz V, Mullane S, Schmidt JC, MacKay M, Damle N, Najjar D, Matei I, Patras L, Garcia Medina JS, Kleinman AS, Wain Hirschberg J, Proszynski J, Narayanan SA, Schmidt CM, Afshin EE, Innes L, Saldarriaga MM, Schmidt MA, Granstein RD, Shirah B, Yu M, Lyden D, Mateus J, Mason CE. Collection of biospecimens from the inspiration4 mission establishes the standards for the space omics and medical atlas (SOMA). Nat Commun 2024; 15:4964. [PMID: 38862509 PMCID: PMC11166662 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48806-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The SpaceX Inspiration4 mission provided a unique opportunity to study the impact of spaceflight on the human body. Biospecimen samples were collected from four crew members longitudinally before (Launch: L-92, L-44, L-3 days), during (Flight Day: FD1, FD2, FD3), and after (Return: R + 1, R + 45, R + 82, R + 194 days) spaceflight, spanning a total of 289 days across 2021-2022. The collection process included venous whole blood, capillary dried blood spot cards, saliva, urine, stool, body swabs, capsule swabs, SpaceX Dragon capsule HEPA filter, and skin biopsies. Venous whole blood was further processed to obtain aliquots of serum, plasma, extracellular vesicles and particles, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In total, 2,911 sample aliquots were shipped to our central lab at Weill Cornell Medicine for downstream assays and biobanking. This paper provides an overview of the extensive biospecimen collection and highlights their processing procedures and long-term biobanking techniques, facilitating future molecular tests and evaluations.As such, this study details a robust framework for obtaining and preserving high-quality human, microbial, and environmental samples for aerospace medicine in the Space Omics and Medical Atlas (SOMA) initiative, which can aid future human spaceflight and space biology experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliah G Overbey
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- BioAstra, Inc, New York, NY, USA
- Center for STEM, University of Austin, Austin, TX, 78701, USA
| | - Krista Ryon
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - JangKeun Kim
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Braden T Tierney
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Remi Klotz
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Veronica Ortiz
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sean Mullane
- Space Exploration Technologies Corporation, Hawthorne, CA, USA
| | - Julian C Schmidt
- Sovaris Aerospace, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Advanced Pattern Analysis & Human Performance Group, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Matthew MacKay
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Namita Damle
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deena Najjar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Irina Matei
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Laura Patras
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Center of Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - J Sebastian Garcia Medina
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ashley S Kleinman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeremy Wain Hirschberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jacqueline Proszynski
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Anand Narayanan
- Florida State University, College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Caleb M Schmidt
- Sovaris Aerospace, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Advanced Pattern Analysis & Human Performance Group, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Department of Systems Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Evan E Afshin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lucinda Innes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Michael A Schmidt
- Sovaris Aerospace, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Advanced Pattern Analysis & Human Performance Group, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Bader Shirah
- Department of Neuroscience, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Min Yu
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - David Lyden
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jaime Mateus
- Space Exploration Technologies Corporation, Hawthorne, CA, USA
| | - Christopher E Mason
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- BioAstra, Inc, New York, NY, USA.
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
- WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative Prediction, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
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3
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Ibragimova M, Kussainova A, Aripova A, Bersimbaev R, Bulgakova O. The Molecular Mechanisms in Senescent Cells Induced by Natural Aging and Ionizing Radiation. Cells 2024; 13:550. [PMID: 38534394 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review discusses the relationship between cellular senescence and radiation exposure. Given the wide range of ionizing radiation sources encountered by people in professional and medical spheres, as well as the influence of natural background radiation, the question of the effect of radiation on biological processes, particularly on aging processes, remains highly relevant. The parallel relationship between natural and radiation-induced cellular senescence reveals the common aspects underlying these processes. Based on recent scientific data, the key points of the effects of ionizing radiation on cellular processes associated with aging, such as genome instability, mitochondrial dysfunction, altered expression of miRNAs, epigenetic profile, and manifestation of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), are discussed. Unraveling the molecular mechanisms of cellular senescence can make a valuable contribution to the understanding of the molecular genetic basis of age-associated diseases in the context of environmental exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milana Ibragimova
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan
| | - Assiya Kussainova
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Via Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Akmaral Aripova
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan
| | - Rakhmetkazhi Bersimbaev
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan
| | - Olga Bulgakova
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan
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4
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Harutyunyan T. The known unknowns of mitochondrial carcinogenesis: de novo NUMTs and intercellular mitochondrial transfer. Mutagenesis 2024; 39:1-12. [PMID: 37804235 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gead031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The translocation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences into the nuclear genome, resulted in the occurrence of nuclear sequences of mitochondrial origin (NUMTs) which can be detected in nearly all sequenced eukaryotes. However, de novo mtDNA insertions can contribute to the development of pathological conditions including cancer. Recent data indicate that de novo mtDNA translocation into chromosomes can occur due to genotoxic influence of DNA double-strand break-inducing environmental mutagens. This confirms the hypothesis of the involvement of genome instability in the occurrence of mtDNA fragments in chromosomes. Mounting evidence indicates that mitochondria can be transferred from normal cells to cancer cells and recover cellular respiration. These exchanged mitochondria can facilitate cancer progression and metastasis. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the potential carcinogenicity of mtDNA insertions, and the relevance of mtDNA escape in cancer progression, metastasis, and treatment resistance in humans. Potential molecular targets involved in mtDNA escape and exchange of mitochondria that can be of possible clinical benefits are presented and discussed. Understanding these processes could lead to improved diagnostic approaches, novel therapeutic strategies, and a deeper understanding of the intricate relationship between mitochondria, nuclear DNA, and cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tigran Harutyunyan
- Department of Genetics and Cytology, Yerevan State University, 1 Alex Manoogian, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia
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5
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Neikirk K, Stephens DC, Beasley HK, Marshall AG, Gaddy JA, Damo SM, Hinton A. Is space the final frontier for mitochondrial study? Biotechniques 2024; 76:46-51. [PMID: 38084381 DOI: 10.2144/btn-2023-0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Tweetable abstract This perspective considers several avenues for future research on mitochondrial dynamics, stress, and DNA in outer space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit Neikirk
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Dominique C Stephens
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Life & Physical Sciences, Fisk University, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Heather K Beasley
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Andrea G Marshall
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jennifer A Gaddy
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Steven M Damo
- Department of Life & Physical Sciences, Fisk University, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Antentor Hinton
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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6
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Siemers KM, Klein AK, Baack ML. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in PCOS: Insights into Reproductive Organ Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13123. [PMID: 37685928 PMCID: PMC10488260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex, but relatively common endocrine disorder associated with chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and micro-polycystic ovaries. In addition to reduced fertility, people with PCOS have a higher risk of obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic disease, all comorbidities that are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. This review summarizes human and animal data that report mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic dysregulation in PCOS to better understand how mitochondria impact reproductive organ pathophysiology. This in-depth review considers all the elements regulating mitochondrial quantity and quality, from mitochondrial biogenesis under the transcriptional regulation of both the nuclear and mitochondrial genome to the ultrastructural and functional complexes that regulate cellular metabolism and reactive oxygen species production, as well as the dynamics that regulate subcellular interactions that are key to mitochondrial quality control. When any of these mitochondrial functions are disrupted, the energetic equilibrium within the cell changes, cell processes can fail, and cell death can occur. If this process is ongoing, it affects tissue and organ function, causing disease. The objective of this review is to consolidate and classify a broad number of PCOS studies to understand how various mitochondrial processes impact reproductive organs, including the ovary (oocytes and granulosa cells), uterus, placenta, and circulation, causing reproductive pathophysiology. A secondary objective is to uncover the potential role of mitochondria in the transgenerational transmission of PCOS and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M. Siemers
- Physician Scientist (MD/Ph.D.) Program, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, 414 E. Clark Street, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA;
| | - Abigail K. Klein
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Lee Medical Building, 414 E. Clark St., Sioux Falls, SD 57069, USA;
| | - Michelle L. Baack
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, 1400 W. 22nd St., Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA
- Environmental Influences on Health and Disease Group, Sanford Research, 2301 E. 60th St., Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
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7
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Corydon TJ, Schulz H, Richter P, Strauch SM, Böhmer M, Ricciardi DA, Wehland M, Krüger M, Erzinger GS, Lebert M, Infanger M, Wise PM, Grimm D. Current Knowledge about the Impact of Microgravity on Gene Regulation. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071043. [PMID: 37048115 PMCID: PMC10093652 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Microgravity (µg) has a massive impact on the health of space explorers. Microgravity changes the proliferation, differentiation, and growth of cells. As crewed spaceflights into deep space are being planned along with the commercialization of space travelling, researchers have focused on gene regulation in cells and organisms exposed to real (r-) and simulated (s-) µg. In particular, cancer and metastasis research benefits from the findings obtained under µg conditions. Gene regulation is a key factor in a cell or an organism’s ability to sustain life and respond to environmental changes. It is a universal process to control the amount, location, and timing in which genes are expressed. In this review, we provide an overview of µg-induced changes in the numerous mechanisms involved in gene regulation, including regulatory proteins, microRNAs, and the chemical modification of DNA. In particular, we discuss the current knowledge about the impact of microgravity on gene regulation in different types of bacteria, protists, fungi, animals, humans, and cells with a focus on the brain, eye, endothelium, immune system, cartilage, muscle, bone, and various cancers as well as recent findings in plants. Importantly, the obtained data clearly imply that µg experiments can support translational medicine on Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Corydon
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoegh Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 99, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-28-992-179
| | - Herbert Schulz
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Peter Richter
- Gravitational Biology Group, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian M. Strauch
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Environment, University of Joinville Region, Joinville 89219-710, SC, Brazil
| | - Maik Böhmer
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dario A. Ricciardi
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Markus Wehland
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gilmar S. Erzinger
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Environment, University of Joinville Region, Joinville 89219-710, SC, Brazil
| | - Michael Lebert
- Gravitational Biology Group, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manfred Infanger
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Petra M. Wise
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Hoegh Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Group ‘Magdeburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung unter Raumfahrt-und Schwerelosigkeitsbedingungen’ (MARS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
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8
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Biomarkers to Predict Lethal Radiation Injury to the Rat Lung. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065627. [PMID: 36982722 PMCID: PMC10053311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there are no biomarkers to predict lethal lung injury by radiation. Since it is not ethical to irradiate humans, animal models must be used to identify biomarkers. Injury to the female WAG/RijCmcr rat has been well-characterized after exposure to eight doses of whole thorax irradiation: 0-, 5-, 10-, 11-, 12-, 13-, 14- and 15-Gy. End points such as SPECT imaging of the lung using molecular probes, measurement of circulating blood cells and specific miRNA have been shown to change after radiation. Our goal was to use these changes to predict lethal lung injury in the rat model, 2 weeks post-irradiation, before any symptoms manifest and after which a countermeasure can be given to enhance survival. SPECT imaging with 99mTc-MAA identified a decrease in perfusion in the lung after irradiation. A decrease in circulating white blood cells and an increase in five specific miRNAs in whole blood were also tested. Univariate analyses were then conducted on the combined dataset. The results indicated that a combination of percent change in lymphocytes and monocytes, as well as pulmonary perfusion volume could predict survival from radiation to the lungs with 88.5% accuracy (95% confidence intervals of 77.8, 95.3) with a p-value of < 0.0001 versus no information rate. This study is one of the first to report a set of minimally invasive endpoints to predict lethal radiation injury in female rats. Lung-specific injury can be visualized by 99mTc-MAA as early as 2 weeks after radiation.
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9
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Richardson RB, Mailloux RJ. Mitochondria Need Their Sleep: Redox, Bioenergetics, and Temperature Regulation of Circadian Rhythms and the Role of Cysteine-Mediated Redox Signaling, Uncoupling Proteins, and Substrate Cycles. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030674. [PMID: 36978924 PMCID: PMC10045244 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although circadian biorhythms of mitochondria and cells are highly conserved and crucial for the well-being of complex animals, there is a paucity of studies on the reciprocal interactions between oxidative stress, redox modifications, metabolism, thermoregulation, and other major oscillatory physiological processes. To address this limitation, we hypothesize that circadian/ultradian interaction of the redoxome, bioenergetics, and temperature signaling strongly determine the differential activities of the sleep–wake cycling of mammalians and birds. Posttranslational modifications of proteins by reversible cysteine oxoforms, S-glutathionylation and S-nitrosylation are shown to play a major role in regulating mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, protein activity, respiration, and metabolomics. Nuclear DNA repair and cellular protein synthesis are maximized during the wake phase, whereas the redoxome is restored and mitochondrial remodeling is maximized during sleep. Hence, our analysis reveals that wakefulness is more protective and restorative to the nucleus (nucleorestorative), whereas sleep is more protective and restorative to mitochondria (mitorestorative). The “redox–bioenergetics–temperature and differential mitochondrial–nuclear regulatory hypothesis” adds to the understanding of mitochondrial respiratory uncoupling, substrate cycling control and hibernation. Similarly, this hypothesis explains how the oscillatory redox–bioenergetics–temperature–regulated sleep–wake states, when perturbed by mitochondrial interactome disturbances, influence the pathogenesis of aging, cancer, spaceflight health effects, sudden infant death syndrome, and diseases of the metabolism and nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B. Richardson
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories (CNL), Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada
- McGill Medical Physics Unit, Cedars Cancer Centre—Glen Site, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Correspondence: or
| | - Ryan J. Mailloux
- School of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada;
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10
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Le H, Rai V, Agrawal DK. Cholesterol: An Important Determinant of Muscle Atrophy in Astronauts. JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOMEDICINE 2023; 6:67-79. [PMID: 37006714 PMCID: PMC10062007 DOI: 10.26502/jbb.2642-91280072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Since cholesterol is not routinely measured in astronauts before and after their return from space, there is no data on the role of blood cholesterol level in muscle atrophy and microgravity. Since the first moon landing, aerospace medicine became outdated and has not pushed boundaries like its rocket engineering counterpart. Since the 2019 astronaut twin study, there has yet to be another scientific breakthrough for aerospace medicine. Microgravity-induced muscle atrophy is the most known consequence of spaceflight. Yet, so far, there is no therapeutic solution to prevent it or any real efforts in understanding it on a cellular or molecular level. The most obvious reason to this unprecedented level of research is due to the small cohort of astronauts. With the establishment of private space industries and exponential recruitment of astronauts, there is more reason to push forward spaceflight-related health guidelines and ensure the safety of the brave humans who risk their lives for the progression of mankind. Spaceflight is considered the most challenging job and the failure to prevent injury or harm should be considered reckless negligence by the institutions that actively prevented sophistication of aerospace medicine. In this critical review, role of cholesterol is analyzed across the NASA-established parameters of microgravity-induced muscle atrophy with a focus on potential therapeutic targets for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoangvi Le
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766, USA
| | - Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766, USA
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11
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Effects of High Glucose on Human Endothelial Cells Exposed to Simulated Microgravity. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020189. [PMID: 36830559 PMCID: PMC9952903 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A diabetogenic state induced by spaceflight provokes stress and health problems in astronauts. Microgravity (µg) is one of the main stressors in space causing hyperglycaemia. However, the underlying molecular pathways and synergistic effects of µg and hyperglycaemia are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of high glucose on EA.hy926 endothelial cells in simulated µg (s-µg) using a 3D clinostat and static normogravity (1g) conditions. After 14 days of cell culture under s-µg and 1g conditions, we compared the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM), inflammation, glucose metabolism, and apoptosis-related genes and proteins through qPCR, immunofluorescence, and Western blot analyses, respectively. Apoptosis was evaluated via TUNEL staining. Gene interactions were examined via STRING analysis. Our results show that glucose concentrations had a weaker effect than altered gravity. µg downregulated the ECM gene and protein expression and had a stronger influence on glucose metabolism than hyperglycaemia. Moreover, hyperglycaemia caused more pronounced changes in 3D cultures than in 2D cultures, including bigger and a greater number of spheroids, upregulation of NOX4 and the apoptotic proteins NF-κB and CASP3, and downregulation of fibronectin and transglutaminase-2. Our findings bring new insights into the possible molecular pathways involved in the diabetogenic vascular effects in µg.
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12
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Richardson RB, Mailloux RJ. WITHDRAWN: Mitochondria need their sleep: Sleep-wake cycling and the role of redox, bioenergetics, and temperature regulation, involving cysteine-mediated redox signaling, uncoupling proteins, and substrate cycles. Free Radic Biol Med 2022:S0891-5849(22)01013-9. [PMID: 36462628 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B Richardson
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories (CNL), Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, K0J 1J0, Canada; McGill Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Cedars Cancer Centre - Glen Site, Montreal, Quebec QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.
| | - Ryan J Mailloux
- School of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada
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13
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New Perspectives on the Importance of Cell-Free DNA Biology. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12092147. [PMID: 36140548 PMCID: PMC9497998 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12092147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Body fluids are constantly replenished with a population of genetically diverse cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragments, representing a vast reservoir of information reflecting real-time changes in the host and metagenome. As many body fluids can be collected non-invasively in a one-off and serial fashion, this reservoir can be tapped to develop assays for the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of wide-ranging pathologies, such as solid tumors, fetal genetic abnormalities, rejected organ transplants, infections, and potentially many others. The translation of cfDNA research into useful clinical tests is gaining momentum, with recent progress being driven by rapidly evolving preanalytical and analytical procedures, integrated bioinformatics, and machine learning algorithms. Yet, despite these spectacular advances, cfDNA remains a very challenging analyte due to its immense heterogeneity and fluctuation in vivo. It is increasingly recognized that high-fidelity reconstruction of the information stored in cfDNA, and in turn the development of tests that are fit for clinical roll-out, requires a much deeper understanding of both the physico-chemical features of cfDNA and the biological, physiological, lifestyle, and environmental factors that modulate it. This is a daunting task, but with significant upsides. In this review we showed how expanded knowledge on cfDNA biology and faithful reverse-engineering of cfDNA samples promises to (i) augment the sensitivity and specificity of existing cfDNA assays; (ii) expand the repertoire of disease-specific cfDNA markers, thereby leading to the development of increasingly powerful assays; (iii) reshape personal molecular medicine; and (iv) have an unprecedented impact on genetics research.
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14
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Brojakowska A, Kour A, Thel MC, Park E, Bisserier M, Garikipati VNS, Hadri L, Mills PJ, Walsh K, Goukassian DA. Retrospective analysis of somatic mutations and clonal hematopoiesis in astronauts. Commun Biol 2022; 5:828. [PMID: 35978153 PMCID: PMC9385668 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03777-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
With planned deep space and commercial spaceflights, gaps remain to address health risks in astronauts. Multiple studies have shown associations between clonal expansion of hematopoietic cells with hematopoietic malignancies and cardiometabolic disease. This expansion of clones in the absence of overt hematopoietic disorders is termed clonal hematopoiesis (CH) of indeterminate potential (CHIP). Using deep, error-corrected, targeted DNA sequencing we assayed for somatic mutations in CH-driver genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from de-identified blood samples collected from 14 astronauts who flew Shuttle missions between 1998-2001. We identified 34 nonsynonymous mutations of relatively low variant allele fraction in 17 CH-driver genes, with the most prevalent mutations in TP53 and DNMT3A. The presence of these small clones in the blood of relatively young astronaut cohort warrants further retrospective and prospective investigation of their clinical relevance and potential application in monitoring astronaut's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Brojakowska
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anupreet Kour
- Hematovascular Biology Center, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Mark Charles Thel
- Hematovascular Biology Center, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Eunbee Park
- Hematovascular Biology Center, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Malik Bisserier
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Venkata Naga Srikanth Garikipati
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart Lung and Research Institute and Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lahouaria Hadri
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul J Mills
- Center of Excellence for Research and Training in Integrative Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth Walsh
- Hematovascular Biology Center, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - David A Goukassian
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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15
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Richardson RB. The role of oxygen and the Goldilocks range in the development of cataracts induced by space radiation in US astronauts. Exp Eye Res 2022; 223:109192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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16
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Rai AK, Rajan KS, Bisserier M, Brojakowska A, Sebastian A, Evans AC, Coleman MA, Mills PJ, Arakelyan A, Uchida S, Hadri L, Goukassian DA, Garikipati VNS. Spaceflight-Associated Changes of snoRNAs in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Plasma Exosomes-A Pilot Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:886689. [PMID: 35811715 PMCID: PMC9267956 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.886689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During spaceflight, astronauts are exposed to various physiological and psychological stressors that have been associated with adverse health effects. Therefore, there is an unmet need to develop novel diagnostic tools to predict early alterations in astronauts' health. Small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) is a type of short non-coding RNA (60-300 nucleotides) known to guide 2'-O-methylation (Nm) or pseudouridine (ψ) of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), small nuclear RNA (snRNA), or messenger RNA (mRNA). Emerging evidence suggests that dysregulated snoRNAs may be key players in regulating fundamental cellular mechanisms and in the pathogenesis of cancer, heart, and neurological disease. Therefore, we sought to determine whether the spaceflight-induced snoRNA changes in astronaut's peripheral blood (PB) plasma extracellular vesicles (PB-EV) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Using unbiased small RNA sequencing (sRNAseq), we evaluated changes in PB-EV snoRNA content isolated from astronauts (n = 5/group) who underwent median 12-day long Shuttle missions between 1998 and 2001. Using stringent cutoff (fold change > 2 or log2-fold change >1, FDR < 0.05), we detected 21 down-and 9-up-regulated snoRNAs in PB-EVs 3 days after return (R + 3) compared to 10 days before launch (L-10). qPCR validation revealed that SNORA74A was significantly down-regulated at R + 3 compared to L-10. We next determined snoRNA expression levels in astronauts' PBMCs at R + 3 and L-10 (n = 6/group). qPCR analysis further confirmed a significant increase in SNORA19 and SNORA47 in astronauts' PBMCs at R + 3 compared to L-10. Notably, many downregulated snoRNA-guided rRNA modifications, including four Nms and five ψs. Our findings revealed that spaceflight induced changes in PB-EV and PBMCs snoRNA expression, thus suggesting snoRNAs may serve as potential novel biomarkers for monitoring astronauts' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Rai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - K. Shanmugha Rajan
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Malik Bisserier
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Agnieszka Brojakowska
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Aimy Sebastian
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Angela C. Evans
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Matthew A. Coleman
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Paul J. Mills
- Center of Excellence for Research and Training in Integrative Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Arsen Arakelyan
- Group of Bioinformatics, Institute of Molecular Biology, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Shizuka Uchida
- Center for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lahouaria Hadri
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - David A. Goukassian
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Venkata Naga Srikanth Garikipati
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart Lung and Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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17
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Bisserier M, Brojakowska A, Saffran N, Rai AK, Lee B, Coleman M, Sebastian A, Evans A, Mills PJ, Addya S, Arakelyan A, Garikipati VNS, Hadri L, Goukassian DA. Astronauts Plasma-Derived Exosomes Induced Aberrant EZH2-Mediated H3K27me3 Epigenetic Regulation of the Vitamin D Receptor. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:855181. [PMID: 35783863 PMCID: PMC9243458 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.855181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There are unique stressors in the spaceflight environment. Exposure to such stressors may be associated with adverse effects on astronauts' health, including increased cancer and cardiovascular disease risks. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs, i.e., exosomes) play a vital role in intercellular communication and regulate various biological processes contributing to their role in disease pathogenesis. To assess whether spaceflight alters sEVs transcriptome profile, sEVs were isolated from the blood plasma of 3 astronauts at two different time points: 10 days before launch (L-10) and 3 days after return (R+3) from the Shuttle mission. AC16 cells (human cardiomyocyte cell line) were treated with L-10 and R+3 astronauts-derived exosomes for 24 h. Total RNA was isolated and analyzed for gene expression profiling using Affymetrix microarrays. Enrichment analysis was performed using Enrichr. Transcription factor (TF) enrichment analysis using the ENCODE/ChEA Consensus TF database identified gene sets related to the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and Vitamin D receptor (VDR) in AC16 cells treated with R+3 compared to cells treated with L-10 astronauts-derived exosomes. Further analysis of the histone modifications using datasets from the Roadmap Epigenomics Project confirmed enrichment in gene sets related to the H3K27me3 repressive mark. Interestingly, analysis of previously published H3K27me3–chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-Seq) ENCODE datasets showed enrichment of H3K27me3 in the VDR promoter. Collectively, our results suggest that astronaut-derived sEVs may epigenetically repress the expression of the VDR in human adult cardiomyocytes by promoting the activation of the PRC2 complex and H3K27me3 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Bisserier
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Cardiovascular Research Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Agnieszka Brojakowska
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Cardiovascular Research Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Nathaniel Saffran
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Cardiovascular Research Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Amit Kumar Rai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Brooke Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Matthew Coleman
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Aimy Sebastian
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Angela Evans
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Paul J. Mills
- Center of Excellence for Research and Training in Integrative Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Sankar Addya
- Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Arsen Arakelyan
- Bioinformatics Group, Institute of Molecular Biology, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia (NAS RA), Yerevan, Armenia
- Department of Bioengineering, Bioinformatics, and Molecular Biology, Russian-Armenian University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Venkata Naga Srikanth Garikipati
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart Lung and Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Lahouaria Hadri
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Cardiovascular Research Institute, New York, NY, United States
- Lahouaria Hadri
| | - David A. Goukassian
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Cardiovascular Research Institute, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: David A. Goukassian
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18
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Goukassian D, Arakelyan A, Brojakowska A, Bisserier M, Hakobyan S, Hadri L, Rai AK, Evans A, Sebastian A, Truongcao M, Gonzalez C, Bajpai A, Cheng Z, Dubey PK, Addya S, Mills P, Walsh K, Kishore R, Coleman M, Garikipati VNS. Space flight associated changes in astronauts' plasma-derived small extracellular vesicle microRNA: Biomarker identification. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e845. [PMID: 35653543 PMCID: PMC9162436 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David Goukassian
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Center for Translational MedicineTemple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Arsen Arakelyan
- Bioinformatics GroupInstitute of Molecular Biology, NAS RAYerevanArmenia
- Department of Bioengineering, Bioinformatics and Molecular BiologyRussian‐Armenian UniversityYerevanArmenia
| | - Agnieszka Brojakowska
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Malik Bisserier
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Siras Hakobyan
- Bioinformatics GroupInstitute of Molecular Biology, NAS RAYerevanArmenia
- Armenian Bioinformatics InstituteYerevanArmenia
| | - Lahouaria Hadri
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Amit Kumar Rai
- Department of Emergency MedicineThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Angela Evans
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of California DavisSacramentoCaliforniaUSA
- Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCaliforniaUSA
| | - Aimy Sebastian
- Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCaliforniaUSA
| | - May Truongcao
- Center for Translational MedicineTemple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Carolina Gonzalez
- Center for Translational MedicineTemple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Anamika Bajpai
- Center for Translational MedicineTemple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Zhongjian Cheng
- Center for Translational MedicineTemple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Praveen Kumar Dubey
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Sankar Addya
- Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Paul Mills
- Integrative Health and Mind‐Body Biomarker LaboratoryUniversity of San DiegoSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kenneth Walsh
- University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Raj Kishore
- Center for Translational MedicineTemple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Matt Coleman
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of California DavisSacramentoCaliforniaUSA
- Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCaliforniaUSA
| | - Venkata Naga Srikanth Garikipati
- Department of Emergency MedicineThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart Lung and Research InstituteThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
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19
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Bisserier M, Saffran N, Brojakowska A, Sebastian A, Evans AC, Coleman MA, Walsh K, Mills PJ, Garikipati VNS, Arakelyan A, Hadri L, Goukassian DA. Emerging Role of Exosomal Long Non-coding RNAs in Spaceflight-Associated Risks in Astronauts. Front Genet 2022; 12:812188. [PMID: 35111205 PMCID: PMC8803151 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.812188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
During spaceflight, astronauts are exposed to multiple unique environmental factors, particularly microgravity and ionizing radiation, that can cause a range of harmful health consequences. Over the past decades, increasing evidence demonstrates that the space environment can induce changes in gene expression and RNA processing. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) represent an emerging area of focus in molecular biology as they modulate chromatin structure and function, the transcription of neighboring genes, and affect RNA splicing, stability, and translation. They have been implicated in cancer development and associated with diverse cardiovascular conditions and associated risk factors. However, their role on astronauts' health after spaceflight remains poorly understood. In this perspective article, we provide new insights into the potential role of exosomal lncRNA after spaceflight. We analyzed the transcriptional profile of exosomes isolated from peripheral blood plasma of three astronauts who flew on various Shuttle missions between 1998-2001 by RNA-sequencing. Computational analysis of the transcriptome of these exosomes identified 27 differentially expressed lncRNAs with a Log2 fold change, with molecular, cellular, and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Bisserier
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Nathaniel Saffran
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Agnieszka Brojakowska
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Aimy Sebastian
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Angela Clare Evans
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Matthew A. Coleman
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Kenneth Walsh
- School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Paul J. Mills
- Center of Excellence for Research and Training in Integrative Health, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Venkata Naga Srikanth Garikipati
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart Lung and Research Institute, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Arsen Arakelyan
- Bioinformatics Group, The Institute of Molecular Biology, The National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Lahouaria Hadri
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - David A. Goukassian
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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