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Jiang T, Wang J, Wang Y, Jiang J, Zhou J, Wang X, Zhang D, Xu J. Mitochondrial protein prohibitin promotes learning memory recovery in mice following intracerebral hemorrhage via CAMKII/CRMP signaling pathway. Neurochem Int 2023; 171:105637. [PMID: 37923298 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Prohibitin (PHB) is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein with neuroprotective, antioxidant, and apoptosis-reducing effects. This study aimed to explore the role of PHB in pathological symptoms, behavioral deficits, and cognitive impairment in a collagenase-IV-induced intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) murine model. In this study, mice that received collagenase IV injection were pretreated with PHB or saline 21 days prior to modeling. The role of PHB in memory and learning ability was monitored using the Morris water maze, Y-maze, and rotarod, social, startle, and nest-building tests. The effect of PHB on depression-like symptoms was examined using the forced swimming, tail suspension, and sucrose preference tests. Subsequently, mouse samples were analyzed using immunohistochemistry, western blotting, Perls staining, Nissl staining, and gene sequencing. Results showed that collagenase IV significantly induced behavioral deficits, brain edema, cognitive impairment, and depressive symptoms. PHB overexpression effectively alleviated memory, learning, and motor deficits in mice with ICH. PHB markedly inhibited the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling-positive cells and protein levels of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and interleukin-1β in the perihematomal region of ICH mice. PHB overexpression also remarkably promoted production of neurologin1 (NLGL1), and upregulated levels of Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) and collapsin response mediator protein-1 (CRMP1) proteins. In conclusion, PHB overexpression can effectively alleviate the neurological deficits and neurodegeneration around the hematoma region. This may play a protective role by upregulating the expression of NLGL1 and promoting expression of CaMKII and CRMP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlin Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jiahua Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Department of Anesthesia, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiwei Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, YangZhou, 225001, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, YangZhou, 225001, China.
| | - Deke Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 16369, Jingshi Road, Lixia district, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Bernstein HG, Smalla KH, Keilhoff G, Dobrowolny H, Kreutz MR, Steiner J. The many "Neurofaces" of Prohibitins 1 and 2: Crucial for the healthy brain, dysregulated in numerous brain disorders. J Chem Neuroanat 2023; 132:102321. [PMID: 37524128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Prohibitin 1 (PHB1) and prohibitin 2 (PHB2) are proteins that are nearly ubiquitously expressed. They are localized in mitochondria, cytosol and cell nuclei. In the healthy CNS, they occur in neurons and non-neuronal cells (oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, microglia, and endothelial cells) and fulfill pivotal functions in brain development and aging, the regulation of brain metabolism, maintenance of structural integrity, synapse formation, aminoacidergic neurotransmission and, probably, regulation of brain action of certain hypothalamic-pituitary hormones.With regard to the diseased brain there is increasing evidence that prohibitins are prominently involved in numerous major diseases of the CNS, which are summarized and discussed in the present review (brain tumors, neurotropic viruses, Alzheimer disease, Down syndrome, Fronto-temporal and vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson disease, Huntington disease, Multiple sclerosis, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke, alcohol use disorder, schizophrenia and autism). Unfortunately, there is no PHB-targeted therapy available for any of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Gert Bernstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Karl-Heinz Smalla
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, RG Neuroplasticity, D-39118 Magdeburg, Germany; Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany, Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gerburg Keilhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Henrik Dobrowolny
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael R Kreutz
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, RG Neuroplastcity, D-39118 Magdeburg, Germany; University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Leibniz Group "Dendritic Organelles and Synaptic Function" ZMNH, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johann Steiner
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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3
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Oyang L, Li J, Jiang X, Lin J, Xia L, Yang L, Tan S, Wu N, Han Y, Yang Y, Luo X, Li J, Liao Q, Shi Y, Zhou Y. The function of prohibitins in mitochondria and the clinical potentials. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:343. [DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02765-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractProhibitins (PHBs) are a class of highly evolutionarily conserved proteins that widely distribute in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. PHBs function in cell growth and proliferation or differentiation, regulating metabolism and signaling pathways. PHBs have different subcellular localization in eukaryotes, but they are mainly located in mitochondria. In the mitochondria, PHBs stabilize the structure of the mitochondrial membrane and regulate mitochondrial autophagy, mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial biogenesis and quality control, and mitochondrial unfolded protein response. PHBs has shown to be associated with many diseases, such as mitochondria diseases, cancers, infectious diseases, and so on. Some molecule targets of PHBs can interfere with the occurrence and development of diseases. Therefore, this review clarifies the functions of PHBs in mitochondria, and provides a summary of the potential values in clinics.
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Prohibitins: A Key Link between Mitochondria and Nervous System Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7494863. [PMID: 35847581 PMCID: PMC9286927 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7494863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Prohibitins (PHBs) are conserved proteins in eukaryotic cells, which are mainly located in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), cell nucleus, and cell membrane. PHBs play crucial roles in various cellular functions, including the cell cycle regulation, tumor suppression, immunoglobulin M receptor binding, and aging. In addition, recent in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed that PHBs are important in nervous system diseases. PHBs can prevent apoptosis, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and autophagy in neurological disorders through different molecules and pathways, such as OPA-1, PINK1/Parkin, IL6/STAT3, Tau, NO, LC3, and TDP43. Therefore, PHBs show great promise in the protection of neurological disorders. This review summarizes the relevant studies on the relationship between PHBs and neurological disorders and provides an update on the molecular mechanisms of PHBs in nervous system diseases.
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Polopalli S, Yetukuri AR, Danduga RCSR, Kola PK. A prognostic study on the effect of post-traumatic stress disorder on cerebral ischaemia reperfusion-induced stroke. World J Biol Psychiatry 2022; 23:136-150. [PMID: 34165039 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2021.1935318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies have been established that persons who experienced a stroke are soon likely to develop several anxiety disorders. In which one of the major anxiety disorders is Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Yet, the likelihood of PTSD in conjunction with cerebral stroke has not been well described. Hence, we evaluated the impact of PTSD on cerebral stroke in rodents subjected to single prolonged stress (SPS) and bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAo), respectively. METHODS The relation between PTSD and cerebral stroke is evaluated by performing behavioural, biochemical, histopathological, and brain lesion area measurement studies. RESULTS Interestingly, SPS + BCCAo induction increased behavioural abnormalities like cognitive impairment and anxiety-like behaviour compared to SPS and BCCAo groups alone. Motor impairment was also observed in SPS + BCCAo rats compared to SPS rats, whereas no change with BCCAo rats. Furthermore, increased brain tissue MDA, acetylcholinesterase, and decreased SOD, catalase, and GSH were observed in SPS + BCCAo subjected rats compared to SPS and BCCAo rats alone. Additionally, SPS + BCCAo induction considerably increased the plasma corticosterone levels and caused severe neurotransmitter alterations. The SPS + BCCAo exposure significantly increased the brain lesion area in comparison with BCCAo rats. Moreover, severe histopathological alterations were observed in the hippocampus (CA1) of SPS + BCCAo rats compared to SPS and BCCAo rats alone. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our study results suggested that SPS-induced PTSD may aggravate the BCCAo induced cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramanyam Polopalli
- Department of Pharmacology, Vishnu Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Narsapur, Medak, India.,Department of Pharmacology, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar, India
| | - Amulya Rani Yetukuri
- Department of Pharmacology, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar, India
| | | | - Phani Kumar Kola
- Department of Pharmacology, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar, India
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Abstract
The susceptibility of the brain to ischaemic injury dramatically limits its viability following interruptions in blood flow. However, data from studies of dissociated cells, tissue specimens, isolated organs and whole bodies have brought into question the temporal limits within which the brain is capable of tolerating prolonged circulatory arrest. This Review assesses cell type-specific mechanisms of global cerebral ischaemia, and examines the circumstances in which the brain exhibits heightened resilience to injury. We suggest strategies for expanding such discoveries to fuel translational research into novel cytoprotective therapies, and describe emerging technologies and experimental concepts. By doing so, we propose a new multimodal framework to investigate brain resuscitation following extended periods of circulatory arrest.
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Sehara Y, Hayashi Y, Ohba K, Uchibori R, Urabe M, Inutsuka A, Shimazaki K, Kawai K, Mizukami H. Higher Transduction Efficiency of AAV5 to Neural Stem Cells and Immature Neurons in Gerbil Dentate Gyrus Compared to AAV2 and rh10. Hum Gene Ther 2021; 33:76-85. [PMID: 34348481 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2021.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The safety and high efficiency of adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors has facilitated their wide scale use to deliver therapeutic genes for experimental and clinical purposes in diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS). AAV1, 2, 5, 8, 9, and rh10 are the most commonly used serotypes for CNS applications. Most AAVs are known to transduce genes predominantly into neurons. However, the precise tropism of AAVs in the dentate gyrus (DG), the region where persistent neurogenesis occurs in the adult brain, is not fully understood. We stereotaxically injected 1.5 × 1010 viral genomes of AAV2, 5, or rh10 carrying green fluorescent protein (GFP) into the right side of gerbil hippocampus, and performed immunofluorescent analysis using differentiation stage-specific markers one week after injection. We found that AAV5 showed a significantly larger number of double positive cells for GFP and Sox2 in the DG, compared to the AAV2 and rh10 groups. On the other hand, AAVrh10 presented a substantially larger number of double positive cells for GFP and NeuN in the DG, compared to AAV2 and AAV5. Our findings indicated that AAV5 showed high transduction efficiency to neural stem cells and precursor cells, while AAVrh10 showed much higher efficiency to mature neurons in the DG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihide Sehara
- Jichi Medical University, Division of Genetic Therapeutics, Center for Molecular Medicine, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan, 329-0498;
| | - Yuka Hayashi
- Jichi Medical University, Division of Genetic Therapeutics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan;
| | - Kenji Ohba
- Jichi Medical University, Division of Genetic Therapeutics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan;
| | - Ryosuke Uchibori
- Jichi Medical University, Division of Genetic Therapeutics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan;
| | - Masashi Urabe
- Jichi Medical University, Division of Genetic Therapeutics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan;
| | - Ayumu Inutsuka
- Jichi Medical University, 12838, Division of Brain and Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan;
| | - Kuniko Shimazaki
- Jichi Medical University, 12838, Department of Neurosurgery, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan;
| | - Kensuke Kawai
- Jichi Medical University, 12838, Department of Neurosurgery, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan;
| | - Hiroaki Mizukami
- Jichi Medical University, Division of Genetic Therapeutics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan;
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Chen PY, Wu CYC, Clemons GA, Citadin CT, Couto E Silva A, Possoit HE, Azizbayeva R, Forren NE, Liu CH, Rao KNS, Krzywanski DM, Lee RHC, Neumann JT, Lin HW. Stearic acid methyl ester affords neuroprotection and improves functional outcomes after cardiac arrest. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 159:102138. [PMID: 32663656 PMCID: PMC11192438 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac arrest causes neuronal damage and functional impairments that can result in learning/memory dysfunction after ischemia. We previously identified a saturated fatty acid (stearic acid methyl ester, SAME) that was released from the superior cervical ganglion (sympathetic ganglion). The function of stearic acid methyl ester is currently unknown. Here, we show that SAME can inhibit the detrimental effects of global cerebral ischemia (i.e. cardiac arrest). Treatment with SAME in the presence of asphyxial cardiac arrest (ACA) revived learning and working memory deficits. Similarly, SAME-treated hippocampal slices after oxygen-glucose deprivation inhibited neuronal cell death. Moreover, SAME afforded neuroprotection against ACA in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, reduced ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 expression and inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, with restoration in mitochondria respiration. Altogether, we describe a unique and uncharted role of saturated fatty acids in the brain that may have important implications against cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yi Chen
- Center for Brain Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA; Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; PhD. Programs in Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Celeste Yin-Chieh Wu
- Center for Brain Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA; Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA
| | - Garrett A Clemons
- Center for Brain Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA
| | - Cristiane T Citadin
- Center for Brain Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA
| | - Alexandre Couto E Silva
- Center for Brain Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA
| | - Harlee E Possoit
- Center for Brain Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA; Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA
| | - Rinata Azizbayeva
- Department of Biomedical Science, West Virginia University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lewisburg, WV
| | - Nathan E Forren
- Department of Biomedical Science, West Virginia University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lewisburg, WV
| | - Chin-Hung Liu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; PhD. Programs in Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - K N Shashanka Rao
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA
| | - David M Krzywanski
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA
| | - Reggie Hui-Chao Lee
- Center for Brain Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA; Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA
| | - Jake T Neumann
- Department of Biomedical Science, West Virginia University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lewisburg, WV
| | - Hung Wen Lin
- Center for Brain Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA; Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA.
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9
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Shimizu Y, Harashima A, Munesue S, Oishi M, Hattori T, Hori O, Kitao Y, Yamamoto H, Leerach N, Nakada M, Yamamoto Y, Hayashi Y. Neuroprotective Effects of Endogenous Secretory Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products in Brain Ischemia. Aging Dis 2020; 11:547-558. [PMID: 32489701 PMCID: PMC7220285 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is expressed on human brain endothelial cells (HBEC) and is implicated in neuronal cell death after ischemia. We report that endogenous secretory RAGE (esRAGE) is a splicing variant form of RAGE that functions as a decoy against ischemia-induced neuronal cell damage. This study demonstrated that esRAGE was associated with heparan sulphate proteoglycans on HBEC. The parabiotic experiments between human esRAGE overexpressing transgenic (Tg), RAGE knockout (KO), and wild-type (WT) mice revealed a significant neuronal cell damage in the CA1 region of the WT side of parabiotic WT→WT mice, but not of Tg→WT mice, 7 days after bilateral common carotid artery occlusion. Human esRAGE was detected around the CA1 neurons in the WT side of the parabiotic Tg→WT pair, but not in the KO side of the Tg→KO pair. To elucidate the dynamic transfer of esRAGE into the brain, we used the blood-brain barrier (BBB) system (PharmaCo-Cell) with or without RAGE knockdown in endothelial cells. A RAGE-dependent transfer of esRAGE was demonstrated from the vascular to the brain side. These findings suggested that esRAGE is associated with heparan sulphate proteoglycans and is transferred into the brain via BBB to exert its neuroprotective effects in ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shimizu
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology.,2Department of Neurosurgery and
| | - Ai Harashima
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology
| | | | - Masahiro Oishi
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology.,2Department of Neurosurgery and
| | - Tsuyoshi Hattori
- 3Department of Neuroanatomy, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Osamu Hori
- 3Department of Neuroanatomy, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Yasuko Kitao
- 3Department of Neuroanatomy, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamamoto
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology.,4Komatsu University, Komatsu, Ishikawa 923-8511, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Yasuhiko Hayashi
- 2Department of Neurosurgery and.,5Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada 920-0293, Japan
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10
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Qu Y, Konrad C, Anderson C, Qian L, Yin T, Manfredi G, Iadecola C, Zhou P. Prohibitin S-Nitrosylation Is Required for the Neuroprotective Effect of Nitric Oxide in Neuronal Cultures. J Neurosci 2020; 40:3142-3151. [PMID: 32152200 PMCID: PMC7159891 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1804-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prohibitin (PHB) is a critical protein involved in many cellular activities. In brain, PHB resides in mitochondria, where it forms a large protein complex with PHB2 in the inner TFmembrane, which serves as a scaffolding platform for proteins involved in mitochondrial structural and functional integrity. PHB overexpression at moderate levels provides neuroprotection in experimental brain injury models. In addition, PHB expression is involved in ischemic preconditioning, as its expression is enhanced in preconditioning paradigms. However, the mechanisms of PHB functional regulation are still unknown. Observations that nitric oxide (NO) plays a key role in ischemia preconditioning compelled us to postulate that the neuroprotective effect of PHB could be regulated by NO. Here, we test this hypothesis in a neuronal model of ischemia-reperfusion injury and show that NO and PHB are mutually required for neuronal resilience against oxygen and glucose deprivation stress. Further, we demonstrate that NO post-translationally modifies PHB through protein S-nitrosylation and regulates PHB neuroprotective function, in a nitric oxide synthase-dependent manner. These results uncover the mechanisms of a previously unrecognized form of molecular regulation of PHB that underlies its neuroprotective function.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Prohibitin (PHB) is a critical mitochondrial protein that exerts a potent neuroprotective effect when mildly upregulated in mice. However, how the neuroprotective function of PHB is regulated is still unknown. Here, we demonstrate a novel regulatory mechanism for PHB that involves nitric oxide (NO) and shows that PHB and NO interact directly, resulting in protein S-nitrosylation on residue Cys69 of PHB. We further show that nitrosylation of PHB may be essential for its ability to preserve neuronal viability under hypoxic stress. Thus, our study reveals a previously unknown mechanism of functional regulation of PHB that has potential therapeutic implications for neurologic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyang Qu
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, and
- Department of Neurology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Csaba Konrad
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, and
| | - Corey Anderson
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, and
| | - Liping Qian
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, and
| | - Tina Yin
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, and
| | - Giovanni Manfredi
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, and
| | - Costantino Iadecola
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, and
| | - Ping Zhou
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, and
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11
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Prohibitin levels regulate OMA1 activity and turnover in neurons. Cell Death Differ 2019; 27:1896-1906. [PMID: 31819158 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0469-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The GTPase OPA1 and the AAA-protease OMA1 serve well-established roles in mitochondrial stress responses and mitochondria-initiated cell death. In addition to its role in mitochondrial membrane fusion, cristae structure, and bioenergetic function, OPA1 controls apoptosis by sequestering cytochrome c (cyt c) in mitochondrial cristae. Cleavage of functional long OPA1 (L-OPA1) isoforms by OMA1 inactivates mitochondrial fusion and primes apoptosis. OPA1 cleavage is regulated by the prohibitin (PHB) complex, a heteromeric, ring-shaped mitochondrial inner membrane scaffolding complex composed of PHB1 and PHB2. In neurons, PHB plays a protective role against various stresses, and PHB deletion destabilizes OPA1 causing neurodegeneration. While deletion of OMA1 prevents OPA1 destabilization and attenuates neurodegeneration in PHB2 KO mice, how PHB levels regulate OMA1 is still unknown. Here, we investigate the effects of modulating neuronal PHB levels on OMA1 stability and OPA1 cleavage. We demonstrate that PHB promotes OMA1 turnover, effectively decreasing the pool of OMA1. Further, we show that OMA1 binds to cardiolipin (CL), a major mitochondrial phospholipid. CL binding promotes OMA1 turnover, as we show that deleting the CL-binding domain of OMA1 decreases its turnover rate. Since PHB is known to stabilize CL, these data suggest that PHB modulates OMA1 through CL. Furthermore, we show that PHB decreases cyt c release induced by tBID and attenuates caspase 9 activation in response to hypoxic stress in neurons. Taken together, our results suggest that PHB-mediated CL stabilization regulates stress responses and cell death through OMA1 turnover and cyt c release.
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12
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Kong C, Miao F, Wu Y, Wang T. Oxycodone suppresses the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/recovery through caspase-dependent and caspase-independent pathways via κ- and δ-opioid receptors in rats. Brain Res 2019; 1721:146319. [PMID: 31276638 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) can lead to perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) during clinical recanalization procedures in cerebral vessels, principally due to neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus. Oxycodone appears to be a multiple opioid receptor agonist and exerts intrinsic antinociception activity via κ-opioid receptor (KOR). Recent evidence has revealed that activation of both δ-opioid receptor (DOR) and KOR can provide neuroprotection against CIRI in vivo and in vitro. In our study, we established an oxygen-glucose deprivation/recovery (OGD/R) model with fetal hippocampal neurons and found that oxycodone could induce CIRI tolerance in these neurons, primarily through KOR and DOR. Possible mechanisms might involve the regulatory effect of oxycodone on the MAPK-Bcl2/Bax-caspase-9-caspase-3 pathway, as well as its inhibitory effect on cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial membrane potential activation. Taken together, our findings may indicate a potential method for the prevention and treatment of PND associated with CIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Capital Medical University Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Fangfang Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Capital Medical University Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Anatomy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 10069, China
| | - Tianlong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Capital Medical University Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing 100053, China.
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13
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Jang MS, Oh SK, Lee SW, Jeong SH, Kim H. Moderate brain hypothermia started before resuscitation improves survival and neurobehavioral outcomes after CA/CPR in mice. Am J Emerg Med 2019; 37:1942-1948. [PMID: 30679007 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY No definitive experimental or clinical evidence exists whether brain hypothermia before, rather than during or after, resuscitation can reduce hypoxic-ischemic brain injury following cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR) and improve outcomes. We examined the effects of moderate brain hypothermia before resuscitation on survival and histopathological and neurobehavioral outcomes in a mouse model. METHODS Adult C57BL/6 male mice (age: 8-12 weeks) were subjected to 8-min CA followed by CPR. The animals were randomly divided into sham, normothermia (NT; brain temperature 37.5 °C), and extracranial hypothermia (HT; brain temperature 28-32 °C) groups. The hippocampal CA1 was assessed 7 day after resuscitation by histochemical staining. Neurobehavioral outcomes were evaluated by the Barnes maze (BMT), openfield (OFT), rotarod, and light/dark (LDT) tests. Cleaved caspase-3 and heat shock protein 60 (HSP70) levels were investigated by western blotting. RESULTS The HT group exhibited higher survival and lower CA1 neuronal injury than did the NT group. HT mice showed improved spatial memory in the BMT compared with NT mice. NT mice travelled a shorter distance in the OFT and tended to spend more time in the light compartment in the LDT than did sham and HT mice. The levels of cleaved caspase-3 and HSP70 were non-significantly higher in the NT than in the sham and HT groups. CONCLUSIONS Moderate brain hypothermia before resuscitation improved survival and reduced histological neuronal injury, spatial memory impairment, and anxiety-like behaviours after CA/CPR in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mun-Sun Jang
- Department of Emergency Medical Technology, Chungbuk Health & Science University, 10, Deogam-gil, Naesu-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju, Republic of Korea; Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, 776, Sunhwan-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Kwang Oh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Woo Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, 776, Sunhwan-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Republic of Korea; Department of emergency medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, 1, Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Hae Jeong
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, 776, Sunhwan-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Republic of Korea; Department of emergency medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, 1, Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
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Ke X, Ma S, Zhang Y, Yi Y, Yu H, Yu D, Pei L. Death-associated Protein Kinase 1 Impairs the Hippocampo-prefrontal Cortical Circuit and Mediates Post-stroke Depression. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH AND HYPOTHESIS IN MEDICINE 2018; 3:1-5. [DOI: 10.14218/erhm.2018.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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15
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Kim H, Ahn JH, Song M, Kim DW, Lee TK, Lee JC, Kim YM, Kim JD, Cho JH, Hwang IK, Yan BC, Won MH, Park JH. Pretreated fucoidan confers neuroprotection against transient global cerebral ischemic injury in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 area via reducing of glial cell activation and oxidative stress. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:1718-1727. [PMID: 30551426 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide derived from brown algae and possesses various beneficial activities, including antioxidant property. Previous studies have shown that fucoidan displays protective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury in some organs. However, few studies have been reported regarding the protective effect of fucoidan against transient cerebral ischemic insults and its related mechanisms. Therefore, in this study, we examined the neuroprotective effect of fucoidan against transient global cerebral ischemia (tGCI), as well as underlying its mechanism using a gerbil model of tGCI which shows a loss of pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) area after 5 min of tGCI. Fucoidan (25 and 50 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered once daily for 5 days before tGCI. Pretreatment with 50 mg/kg of fucoidan, not 25 mg/kg of fucoidan, attenuated tGCI-induced hyperactivity and protected CA1 pyramidal neurons from tGCI. In addition, pretreatment with 50 mg/kg of fucoidan inhibited activations of astrocytes and microglia in the ischemic CA1 area. Furthermore, pretreatment with 50 mg/kg of fucoidan significantly reduced the increased 4-hydroxy-2-noneal and superoxide anion radical production in the ischemic CA1 area and significantly increased expressions of SOD1 and SOD2 in the CA1 pyramidal neurons before and after tGCI. Additionally, treatment with diethyldithiocarbamate (an inhibitor of SODs) to the fucoidan-treated gerbils notably abolished the fucoidan-mediated neuroprotection. In brief, our present results indicate that fucoidan can effectively protect neurons from tGCI through attenuation of activated glial cells and reduction of oxidative stress via increase of SODs. Thus, we strongly suggest that fucoidan can be used as a useful preventive agent in cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjung Kim
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Minah Song
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangnung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon, 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Chul Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Myeong Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Dai Kim
- Division of Food Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hwi Cho
- Department of Emergency Medicine, and Institute of Medical Sciences, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - In Koo Hwang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Bing Chun Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese, Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, PR China
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joon Ha Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Anderson CJ, Kahl A, Qian L, Stepanova A, Starkov A, Manfredi G, Iadecola C, Zhou P. Prohibitin is a positive modulator of mitochondrial function in PC12 cells under oxidative stress. J Neurochem 2018; 146:235-250. [PMID: 29808474 PMCID: PMC6105506 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Prohibitin (PHB) is a ubiquitously expressed and evolutionarily conserved mitochondrial protein with multiple functions. We have recently shown that PHB up-regulation offers robust protection against neuronal injury in models of cerebral ischemia in vitro and in vivo, but the mechanism by which PHB affords neuroprotection remains to be elucidated. Here, we manipulated PHB expression in PC12 neural cells to investigate its impact on mitochondrial function and the mechanisms whereby it protects cells exposed to oxidative stress. PHB over-expression promoted cell survival, whereas PHB down-regulation diminished cell viability. Functionally, manipulation of PHB levels did not affect basal mitochondrial respiration, but it increased spare respiratory capacity. Moreover, PHB over-expression preserved mitochondrial respiratory function of cells exposed to oxidative stress. Preserved respiratory capacity in differentiated PHB over-expressing cells exposed to oxidative stress was associated with an elongated mitochondrial morphology, whereas PHB down-regulation enhanced fragmentation. Mitochondrial complex I oxidative degradation was attenuated by PHB over-expression and increased in PHB knockdown cells. Changes in complex I degradation were associated with alterations of respiratory chain supercomplexes. Furthermore, we showed that PHB directly interacts with cardiolipin and that down-regulation of PHB results in loss of cardiolipin in mitochondria, which may contribute to destabilizing respiratory chain supercomplexes. Taken together, these data demonstrate that PHB modulates mitochondrial integrity and bioenergetics under oxidative stress, and suggest that the protective effect of PHB is mediated by stabilization of the mitochondrial respiratory machinery and its functional capacity, by the regulation of cardiolipin content. Open Data: Materials are available on https://cos.io/our-services/open-science-badges/ https://osf.io/93n6m/.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Liping Qian
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61 Street, New York, NY 10065
| | - Anna Stepanova
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61 Street, New York, NY 10065
| | - Anatoly Starkov
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61 Street, New York, NY 10065
| | - Giovanni Manfredi
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61 Street, New York, NY 10065
| | - Costantino Iadecola
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61 Street, New York, NY 10065
| | - Ping Zhou
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61 Street, New York, NY 10065
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Lizama BN, Palubinsky AM, McLaughlin B. Alterations in the E3 ligases Parkin and CHIP result in unique metabolic signaling defects and mitochondrial quality control issues. Neurochem Int 2018; 117:139-155. [PMID: 28851515 PMCID: PMC5826822 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
E3 ligases are essential scaffold proteins, facilitating the transfer of ubiquitin from E2 enzymes to lysine residues of client proteins via isopeptide bonds. The specificity of substrate binding and the expression and localization of E3 ligases can, however, endow these proteins with unique features with variable effects on mitochondrial, metabolic and CNS function. By comparing and contrasting two E3 ligases, Parkin and C-terminus of HSC70-Interacting protein (CHIP) we seek to highlight the biophysical properties that may promote mitochondrial dysfunction, acute stress signaling and critical developmental periods to cease in response to mutations in these genes. Encoded by over 600 human genes, RING-finger proteins are the largest class of E3 ligases. Parkin contains three RING finger domains, with R1 and R2 separated by an in-between region (IBR) domain. Loss-of-function mutations in Parkin were identified in patients with early onset Parkinson's disease. CHIP is a member of the Ubox family of E3 ligases. It contains an N-terminal TPR domain and forms unique asymmetric homodimers. While CHIP can substitute for mutated Parkin and enhance survival, CHIP also has unique functions. The differences between these proteins are underscored by the observation that unlike Parkin-deficient animals, CHIP-null animals age prematurely and have significantly impaired motor function. These properties make these E3 ligases appealing targets for clinical intervention. In this work, we discuss how biophysical and metabolic properties of these E3 ligases have driven rapid progress in identifying roles for E3 ligases in development, proteostasis, mitochondrial biology, and cell health, as well as new data about how these proteins alter the CNS proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britney N Lizama
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 465 21st Ave S MRB III, Nashville, TN 37240, United States; Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 465 21st Ave S MRB III, Nashville, TN 37240, United States.
| | - Amy M Palubinsky
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 465 21st Ave S MRB III, Nashville, TN 37240, United States; Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 465 21st Ave S MRB III, Nashville, TN 37240, United States
| | - BethAnn McLaughlin
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 465 21st Ave S MRB III, Nashville, TN 37240, United States; Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 465 21st Ave S MRB III, Nashville, TN 37240, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 465 21st Ave S MRB III, Nashville, TN 37240, United States
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18
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Kahl A, Anderson CJ, Qian L, Voss H, Manfredi G, Iadecola C, Zhou P. Neuronal expression of the mitochondrial protein prohibitin confers profound neuroprotection in a mouse model of focal cerebral ischemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2018; 38:1010-1020. [PMID: 28714328 PMCID: PMC5999007 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x17720371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial protein prohibitin (PHB) has emerged as an important modulator of neuronal survival in different injury modalities . We previously showed that viral gene transfer of PHB protects CA1 neurons from delayed neurodegeneration following transient forebrain ischemia through mitochondrial mechanisms. However, since PHB is present in all cell types, it is not known if its selective expression in neurons is protective, and if the protection occurs also in acute focal ischemic brain injury, the most common stroke type in humans. Therefore, we generated transgenic mice overexpressing human PHB1 specifically in neurons (PHB1 Tg). PHB1 Tg mice and littermate controls were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Infarct volume and sensory-motor impairment were assessed three days later. Under the control of a neuronal promoter (CaMKIIα), PHB1 expression was increased by 50% in the forebrain and hippocampus in PHB1 Tg mice. The brain injury produced by MCAo was reduced by 63 ± 11% in PHB1 Tg mice compared to littermate controls. This reduction was associated with improved sensory-motor performance, suggesting that the salvaged brain remains functional. Approaches to enhance PHB expression may be useful to ameliorate the devastating impact of cerebral ischemia on the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Kahl
- 1 Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Corey J Anderson
- 1 Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Liping Qian
- 1 Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Henning Voss
- 2 Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Giovanni Manfredi
- 1 Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Costantino Iadecola
- 1 Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Ping Zhou
- 1 Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY, USA
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19
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Klimova N, Long A, Kristian T. Significance of Mitochondrial Protein Post-translational Modifications in Pathophysiology of Brain Injury. Transl Stroke Res 2017; 9:223-237. [DOI: 10.1007/s12975-017-0569-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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20
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Gu MM, Kong JR, Peng T, Xie CY, Yang KY, Liu Y, Wang WN. Molecular characterization and function of the Prohibitin2 gene in Litopenaeus vannamei responses to Vibrio alginolyticus. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 67:177-188. [PMID: 27756688 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Prohibitin2 (PHB2), a potential tumor suppressor protein, plays important roles in inhibition of cell cycle progression, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis and the mitochondrial respiratory chain. To explore its potential roles in crustaceans' immune responses we have identified and characterized LvPHB2, a 891 bp gene encoding a 297 amino acids protein in the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Expression analyses showed that LvPHB2 is expressed in all examined tissues, and largely present in cytoplasm, correlating with its known anti-oxidation function in mitochondria. Luciferase reporter assays showed that over-expression of LvPHB2 could activate the p53 pathway, indicating that it might participate in apoptosis regulation. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that infection with Vibrio alginolyticus induces its up-regulation in hepatopancreas. Moreover, RNAi knock-down of LvPHB2 in vivo raises mortality rates of L. vannamei infected by V. alginolyticus, and affects expression of STAT3, Caspase3 and p53 genes. We found significantly higher reactive oxygen species production, DNA damage and apoptosis rates in LvPHB2-silenced shrimp challenged with V. alginolyticus than in controls injected with a Green Fluorescent Protein-silencing construct. Our results suggest that LvPHB2 plays a vital role in shrimp responses to V. alginolyticus infection through its participation in regulation of oxidants and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Mei Gu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Jing-Rong Kong
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Ting Peng
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Chen-Ying Xie
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Kai-Yuan Yang
- Guangdong Experimental School, Guangzhou 510375, PR China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Wei-Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China.
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21
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So JH, Huang C, Ge M, Cai G, Zhang L, Lu Y, Mu Y. Intense Exercise Promotes Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis But Not Spatial Discrimination. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:13. [PMID: 28197080 PMCID: PMC5281566 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal neurogenesis persists throughout adult life and plays an important role in learning and memory. Although the influence of physical exercise on neurogenesis has been intensively studied, there is controversy in regard to how the impact of exercise may vary with its regime. Less is known about how distinct exercise paradigms may differentially affect the learning behavior. Here we found that, chronic moderate treadmill running led to an increase of cell proliferation, survival, neuronal differentiation, and migration. In contrast, intense running only promoted neuronal differentiation and migration, which was accompanied with lower expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, insulin-like growth factor 1, and erythropoietin. In addition, the intensely but not mildly exercised animals exhibited a lower mitochondrial activity in the dentate gyrus. Correspondingly, neurogenesis induced by moderate but not intense exercise was sufficient to improve the animal’s ability in spatial pattern separation. Our data indicate that the effect of exercise on spatial learning is intensity-dependent and may involve mechanisms other than a simple increase in the number of new neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji H So
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Minyan Ge
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Guangyao Cai
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Lanqiu Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Disease, Nankai Hospital Tianjin, China
| | - Yisheng Lu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China; Institute of Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China
| | - Yangling Mu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China; Institute of Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China
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22
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Long A, Park JH, Klimova N, Fowler C, Loane DJ, Kristian T. CD38 Knockout Mice Show Significant Protection Against Ischemic Brain Damage Despite High Level Poly-ADP-Ribosylation. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:283-293. [PMID: 27518087 PMCID: PMC5580240 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-2031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Several enzymes in cellular bioenergetics metabolism require NAD+ as an essential cofactor for their activity. NAD+ depletion following ischemic insult can result in cell death and has been associated with over-activation of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase PARP1 as well as an increase in NAD+ consuming enzyme CD38. CD38 is an NAD+ glycohydrolase that plays an important role in inflammatory responses. To determine the contribution of CD38 activity to the mechanisms of post-ischemic brain damage we subjected CD38 knockout (CD38KO) mice and wild-type (WT) mice to transient forebrain ischemia. The CD38KO mice showed a significant amelioration in both histological and neurologic outcome following ischemic insult. Decrease of hippocampal NAD+ levels detected during reperfusion in WT mice was only transient in CD38KO animals, suggesting that CD38 contributes to post-ischemic NAD+ catabolism. Surprisingly, pre-ischemic poly-ADP-ribose (PAR) levels were dramatically higher in CD38KO animals compared to WT animals and exhibited reduction post-ischemia in contrast to the increased levels in WT animals. The high PAR levels in CD38 mice were due to reduced expression levels of poly-ADP-ribose glycohydrolase (PARG). Thus, the absence of CD38 activity can not only directly affect inflammatory response, but also result in unpredicted alterations in the expression levels of enzymes participating in NAD+ metabolism. Although the CD38KO mice showed significant protection against ischemic brain injury, the changes in enzyme activity related to NAD+ metabolism makes the determination of the role of CD38 in mechanisms of ischemic brain damage more complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Long
- Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System, 10 North Greene Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Ji H Park
- Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System, 10 North Greene Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Nina Klimova
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, 685 West Baltimore Street, MSTF 534, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Carol Fowler
- Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System, 10 North Greene Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - David J Loane
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, 685 West Baltimore Street, MSTF 534, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Tibor Kristian
- Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System, 10 North Greene Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, 685 West Baltimore Street, MSTF 534, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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23
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Cabral-Miranda F, Nicoloso-Simões E, Adão-Novaes J, Chiodo V, Hauswirth WW, Linden R, Chiarini LB, Petrs-Silva H. rAAV8-733-Mediated Gene Transfer of CHIP/Stub-1 Prevents Hippocampal Neuronal Death in Experimental Brain Ischemia. Mol Ther 2016; 25:392-400. [PMID: 28153090 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain ischemia is a major cause of adult disability and death, and it represents a worldwide health problem with significant economic burden for modern society. The identification of the molecular pathways activated after brain ischemia, together with efficient technologies of gene delivery to the CNS, may lead to novel treatments based on gene therapy. Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) is an effective platform for gene transfer to the CNS. Here, we used a serotype 8 rAAV bearing the Y733F mutation (rAAV8-733) to overexpress co-chaperone E3 ligase CHIP (also known as Stub-1) in rat hippocampal neurons, both in an oxygen and glucose deprivation model in vitro and in a four-vessel occlusion model of ischemia in vivo. We show that CHIP overexpression prevented neuronal degeneration in both cases and led to a decrease of both eIF2α (serine 51) and AKT (serine 473) phosphorylation, as well as reduced amounts of ubiquitinated proteins following hypoxia or ischemia. These data add to current knowledge of ischemia-related signaling in the brain and suggest that gene therapy based on the role of CHIP in proteostasis may provide a new venue for brain ischemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Cabral-Miranda
- Departamento de Neurobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Elisa Nicoloso-Simões
- Departamento de Neurobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Juliana Adão-Novaes
- Departamento de Neurobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Vince Chiodo
- Retinal Gene Therapy Group, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - William W Hauswirth
- Retinal Gene Therapy Group, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Rafael Linden
- Departamento de Neurobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Luciana Barreto Chiarini
- Departamento de Neurobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Hilda Petrs-Silva
- Departamento de Neurobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.
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Nicotinamide mononucleotide inhibits post-ischemic NAD(+) degradation and dramatically ameliorates brain damage following global cerebral ischemia. Neurobiol Dis 2016; 95:102-10. [PMID: 27425894 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2016.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) is an essential cofactor for multiple cellular metabolic reactions and has a central role in energy production. Brain ischemia depletes NAD(+) pools leading to bioenergetics failure and cell death. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is utilized by the NAD(+) salvage pathway enzyme, nicotinamide adenylyltransferase (Nmnat) to generate NAD(+). Therefore, we examined whether NMN could protect against ischemic brain damage. Mice were subjected to transient forebrain ischemia and treated with NMN or vehicle at the start of reperfusion or 30min after the ischemic insult. At 2, 4, and 24h of recovery, the proteins poly-ADP-ribosylation (PAR), hippocampal NAD(+) levels, and expression levels of NAD(+) salvage pathway enzymes were determined. Furthermore, animal's neurologic outcome and hippocampal CA1 neuronal death was assessed after six days of reperfusion. NMN (62.5mg/kg) dramatically ameliorated the hippocampal CA1 injury and significantly improved the neurological outcome. Additionally, the post-ischemic NMN treatment prevented the increase in PAR formation and NAD(+) catabolism. Since the NMN administration did not affect animal's temperature, blood gases or regional cerebral blood flow during recovery, the protective effect was not a result of altered reperfusion conditions. These data suggest that administration of NMN at a proper dosage has a strong protective effect against ischemic brain injury.
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Abstract
Human eukaryotic prohibitin (prohibitin-1 and prohibitin-2) is a membrane protein with different cellular localizations. It is involved in multiple cellular functions, including energy metabolism, proliferation, apoptosis, and senescence. The subcellular localization of prohibitin may determine its functions. Membrane prohibitin regulate the cellular signaling of membrane transport, nuclear prohibitin control transcription activation and the cell cycle, and mitochondrial prohibitin complex stabilize the mitochondrial genome and modulate mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial biogenesis, and the mitochondrial intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Moreover, prohibitin can translocates into the nucleus or the mitochondria under apoptotic signals and the subcellular shuttling of prohibitin is necessary for apoptosis process. Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death that is important for the maintenance of normal physiological functions. Consequently, any alteration in the content, post-transcriptional modification (i.e. phosphorylation) or the nuclear or mitochondrial translocation of prohibitin may influence cell fate. Understanding the mechanisms of the expression and regulation of prohibitin may be useful for future research. This review provides an overview of the multifaceted and essential roles played by prohibitin in the regulation of cell survival and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ting Peng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Disease Research Institute, Second XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
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Cohan CH, Neumann JT, Dave KR, Alekseyenko A, Binkert M, Stransky K, Lin HW, Barnes CA, Wright CB, Perez-Pinzon MA. Effect of cardiac arrest on cognitive impairment and hippocampal plasticity in middle-aged rats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124918. [PMID: 25933411 PMCID: PMC4416883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiopulmonary arrest is a leading cause of death and disability in the United States that usually occurs in the aged population. Cardiac arrest (CA) induces global ischemia, disrupting global cerebral circulation that results in ischemic brain injury and leads to cognitive impairments in survivors. Ischemia-induced neuronal damage in the hippocampus following CA can result in the impairment of cognitive function including spatial memory. In the present study, we used a model of asphyxial CA (ACA) in nine month old male Fischer 344 rats to investigate cognitive and synaptic deficits following mild global cerebral ischemia. These experiments were performed with the goals of 1) establishing a model of CA in nine month old middle-aged rats; and 2) to test the hypothesis that learning and memory deficits develop following mild global cerebral ischemia in middle-aged rats. To test this hypothesis, spatial memory assays (Barnes circular platform maze and contextual fear conditioning) and field recordings (long-term potentiation and paired-pulse facilitation) were performed. We show that following ACA in nine month old middle-aged rats, there is significant impairment in spatial memory formation, paired-pulse facilitation n dysfunction, and a reduction in the number of non-compromised hippocampal Cornu Ammonis 1 and subiculum neurons. In conclusion, nine month old animals undergoing cardiac arrest have impaired survival, deficits in spatial memory formation, and synaptic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H. Cohan
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jake T. Neumann
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Kunjan R. Dave
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Aleksey Alekseyenko
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Marc Binkert
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Kenneth Stransky
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Hung Wen Lin
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Carol A. Barnes
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute; ARL Division of Neural Systems, Memory & Aging; Departments of Psychology, Neurology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, United States of America
| | - Clinton B. Wright
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Miguel A. Perez-Pinzon
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Li L, Guo JD, Wang HD, Shi YM, Yuan YL, Hou SX. Prohibitin 1 gene delivery promotes functional recovery in rats with spinal cord injury. Neuroscience 2015; 286:27-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Xuan AG, Chen Y, Long DH, Zhang M, Ji WD, Zhang WJ, Liu JH, Hong LP, He XS, Chen WL. PPARα Agonist Fenofibrate Ameliorates Learning and Memory Deficits in Rats Following Global Cerebral Ischemia. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 52:601-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8882-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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