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Ku SP, Atucha E, Alavi N, Mulla-Osman H, Kayumova R, Yoshida M, Csicsvari J, Sauvage MM. Phase locking of hippocampal CA3 neurons to distal CA1 theta oscillations selectively predicts memory performance. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114276. [PMID: 38814781 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
How the coordination of neuronal spiking and brain rhythms between hippocampal subregions supports memory function remains elusive. We studied the interregional coordination of CA3 neuronal spiking with CA1 theta oscillations by recording electrophysiological signals along the proximodistal axis of the hippocampus in rats that were performing a high-memory-demand recognition memory task adapted from humans. We found that CA3 population spiking occurs preferentially at the peak of distal CA1 theta oscillations when memory was tested but only when previously encountered stimuli were presented. In addition, decoding analyses revealed that only population cell firing of proximal CA3 together with that of distal CA1 can predict performance at test in the present non-spatial task. Overall, our work demonstrates an important role for the synchronization of CA3 neuronal activity with CA1 theta oscillations during memory testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Pi Ku
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Functional Architecture of Memory Department, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Erika Atucha
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Functional Architecture of Memory Department, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Nico Alavi
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Functional Architecture of Memory Department, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Halla Mulla-Osman
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Functional Architecture of Memory Department, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rukhshona Kayumova
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Functional Architecture of Memory Department, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Motoharu Yoshida
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Functional Architecture of Memory Department, Magdeburg, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jozsef Csicsvari
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Magdalena M Sauvage
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Functional Architecture of Memory Department, Magdeburg, Germany; Otto von Guericke University, Medical Faculty, Functional Neuroplasticity Department, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany.
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2
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Webler RD, Morales Carrasco C, Cooper SE, Chen M, Hunt CO, Hennessy S, Cao L, Lam C, Chiu A, Differding C, Todd E, Hendrickson TJ, Oathes DJ, Widge AS, Hermosillo RJ, Nelson SM, Fair DA, Lissek SM, Nahas Z. Causally Probing the Role of the Hippocampus in Fear Discrimination: A Precision Functional Mapping-Guided, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study in Participants With Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 4:100309. [PMID: 38690260 PMCID: PMC11059300 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fear overgeneralization is a promising pathogenic mechanism of clinical anxiety. A dominant model posits that hippocampal pattern separation failures drive overgeneralization. Hippocampal network-targeted transcranial magnetic stimulation (HNT-TMS) has been shown to strengthen hippocampal-dependent learning/memory processes. However, no study has examined whether HNT-TMS can alter fear learning/memory. Methods Continuous theta burst stimulation was delivered to individualized left posterior parietal stimulation sites derived via seed-based connectivity, precision functional mapping, and electric field modeling methods. A vertex control site was also stimulated in a within-participant, randomized controlled design. Continuous theta burst stimulation was delivered prior to 2 visual discrimination tasks (1 fear based, 1 neutral). Multilevel models were used to model and test data. Participants were undergraduates with posttraumatic stress symptoms (final n = 25). Results Main analyses did not indicate that HNT-TMS strengthened discrimination. However, multilevel interaction analyses revealed that HNT-TMS strengthened fear discrimination in participants with lower fear sensitization (indexed by responses to a control stimulus with no similarity to the conditioned fear cue) across multiple indices (anxiety ratings: β = 0.10, 95% CI, 0.04 to 0.17, p = .001; risk ratings: β = 0.07, 95% CI, 0.00 to 0.13, p = .037). Conclusions Overgeneralization is an associative process that reflects deficient discrimination of the fear cue from similar cues. In contrast, sensitization reflects nonassociative responding unrelated to fear cue similarity. Our results suggest that HNT-TMS may selectively sharpen fear discrimination when associative response patterns, which putatively implicate the hippocampus, are more strongly engaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D. Webler
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - Samuel E. Cooper
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Mo Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Christopher O. Hunt
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Sierra Hennessy
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Lancy Cao
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Carol Lam
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Allen Chiu
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Cash Differding
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Erin Todd
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Timothy J. Hendrickson
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Desmond J. Oathes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alik S. Widge
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Robert J.M. Hermosillo
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Steven M. Nelson
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Damien A. Fair
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Shmuel M. Lissek
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Ziad Nahas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Xu M, Nikolin S, Samaratunga N, Chow EJH, Loo CK, Martin DM. Cognitive Effects Following Offline High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (HF-rTMS) in Healthy Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Neuropsychol Rev 2024; 34:250-276. [PMID: 36857011 PMCID: PMC10920443 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-023-09580-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) is a commonly used form of rTMS to treat neuropsychiatric disorders. Emerging evidence suggests that 'offline' HF-rTMS may have cognitive enhancing effects, although the magnitude and moderators of these effects remain unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the cognitive effects of offline HF-rTMS in healthy individuals. A literature search for randomised controlled trials with cognitive outcomes for pre and post offline HF-rTMS was performed across five databases up until March 2022. This study was registered on the PROSPERO international prospective protocol for systematic reviews (PROSPERO 2020 CRD 42,020,191,269). The Risk of Bias 2 tool was used to assess the risk of bias in randomised trials. Separate analyses examined the cognitive effects of excitatory and inhibitory forms of offline HF-rTMS on accuracy and reaction times across six cognitive domains. Fifty-three studies (N = 1507) met inclusion criteria. Excitatory offline HF-rTMS showed significant small sized effects for improving accuracy (k = 46, g = 0.12) and reaction time (k = 44, g = -0.13) across all cognitive domains collapsed. Excitatory offline HF-rTMS demonstrated a relatively greater effect for executive functioning in accuracy (k = 24, g = 0.14). Reaction times were also improved for the executive function (k = 21, g = -0.11) and motor (k = 3, g = -0.22) domains following excitatory offline HF-rTMS. The current review was restricted to healthy individuals and future research is required to examine cognitive enhancement from offline HF-rTMS in clinical cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Xu
- Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stevan Nikolin
- Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nisal Samaratunga
- Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Esther Jia Hui Chow
- Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Colleen K Loo
- Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Donel M Martin
- Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
- Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia.
- UNSW Sydney, High St, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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4
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Asgarinejad M, Saviz M, Sadjadi SM, Saliminia S, Kakaei A, Esmaeili P, Hammoud A, Ebrahimzadeh E, Soltanian-Zadeh H. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as a tool for cognitive enhancement in healthy adults: a review study. Med Biol Eng Comput 2024; 62:653-673. [PMID: 38044385 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-023-02968-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
As human beings, we have always sought to expand on our abilities, including our cognitive and motor skills. One of the still-underrated tools employed to this end is repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Until recently, rTMS was almost exclusively used in studies with rehabilitation purposes. Only a small strand of literature has focused on the application of rTMS on healthy people with the aim of enhancing cognitive abilities such as decision-making, working memory, attention, source memory, cognitive control, learning, computational speed, risk-taking, and impulsive behaviors. It, therefore, seems that the findings in this particular field are the indirect results of rehabilitation research. In this review paper, we have set to investigate such studies and evaluate the rTMS effectuality in terms of how it improves the cognitive skills in healthy subjects. Furthermore, since the most common brain site used for rTMS protocols is the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), we have added theta burst stimulation (TBS) wave patterns that are similar to brain patterns to increase the effectiveness of this method. The results of this study can help people who have high-risk jobs including firefighters, surgeons, and military officers with their job performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marzieh Saviz
- Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Mostafa Sadjadi
- CIPCE, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarah Saliminia
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Electrical Engineering, Payame Noor University of North Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amineh Kakaei
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Esmaeili
- Department of Health, Safety and Environment, Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Hammoud
- Department of Medical and Technical Information Technology, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elias Ebrahimzadeh
- School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh
- CIPCE, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
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5
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Grob AM, Heinbockel H, Milivojevic B, Doeller CF, Schwabe L. Causal role of the angular gyrus in insight-driven memory reconfiguration. eLife 2024; 12:RP91033. [PMID: 38407185 PMCID: PMC10942625 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Maintaining an accurate model of the world relies on our ability to update memory representations in light of new information. Previous research on the integration of new information into memory mainly focused on the hippocampus. Here, we hypothesized that the angular gyrus, known to be involved in episodic memory and imagination, plays a pivotal role in the insight-driven reconfiguration of memory representations. To test this hypothesis, participants received continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) over the left angular gyrus or sham stimulation before gaining insight into the relationship between previously separate life-like animated events in a narrative-insight task. During this task, participants also underwent EEG recording and their memory for linked and non-linked events was assessed shortly thereafter. Our results show that cTBS to the angular gyrus decreased memory for the linking events and reduced the memory advantage for linked relative to non-linked events. At the neural level, cTBS targeting the angular gyrus reduced centro-temporal coupling with frontal regions and abolished insight-induced neural representational changes for events linked via imagination, indicating impaired memory reconfiguration. Further, the cTBS group showed representational changes for non-linked events that resembled the patterns observed in the sham group for the linked events, suggesting failed pruning of the narrative in memory. Together, our findings demonstrate a causal role of the left angular gyrus in insight-related memory reconfigurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Grob
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Universität HamburgHamburgGermany
| | - Hendrik Heinbockel
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Universität HamburgHamburgGermany
| | - Branka Milivojevic
- Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourNijmegenNetherlands
| | - Christian F Doeller
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Centre for Neural Computation, The Egil and Pauline Braathen and Fred Kavli Centre for Cortical Microcircuits, Jebsen Centre for Alzheimer’s Disease, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
- Max-Planck-Insitute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzigGermany
- Wilhelm Wundt Institute of Psychology, Leipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
| | - Lars Schwabe
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Universität HamburgHamburgGermany
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Ezzyat Y, Kragel JE, Solomon EA, Lega BC, Aronson JP, Jobst BC, Gross RE, Sperling MR, Worrell GA, Sheth SA, Wanda PA, Rizzuto DS, Kahana MJ. Functional and anatomical connectivity predict brain stimulation's mnemonic effects. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad427. [PMID: 38041253 PMCID: PMC10793570 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Closed-loop direct brain stimulation is a promising tool for modulating neural activity and behavior. However, it remains unclear how to optimally target stimulation to modulate brain activity in particular brain networks that underlie particular cognitive functions. Here, we test the hypothesis that stimulation's behavioral and physiological effects depend on the stimulation target's anatomical and functional network properties. We delivered closed-loop stimulation as 47 neurosurgical patients studied and recalled word lists. Multivariate classifiers, trained to predict momentary lapses in memory function, triggered the stimulation of the lateral temporal cortex (LTC) during the study phase of the task. We found that LTC stimulation specifically improved memory when delivered to targets near white matter pathways. Memory improvement was largest for targets near white matter that also showed high functional connectivity to the brain's memory network. These targets also reduced low-frequency activity in this network, an established marker of successful memory encoding. These data reveal how anatomical and functional networks mediate stimulation's behavioral and physiological effects, provide further evidence that closed-loop LTC stimulation can improve episodic memory, and suggest a method for optimizing neuromodulation through improved stimulation targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Ezzyat
- Dept. of Psychology, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06459, USA
| | - James E Kragel
- Dept. of Neurology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ethan A Solomon
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Bradley C Lega
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Joshua P Aronson
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Barbara C Jobst
- Dept. of Neurology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Robert E Gross
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Michael R Sperling
- Dept. of Neurology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | | | - Sameer A Sheth
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Paul A Wanda
- Dept. of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniel S Rizzuto
- Dept. of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael J Kahana
- Dept. of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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7
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Huang S, Howard CM, Hovhannisyan M, Ritchey M, Cabeza R, Davis SW. Hippocampal Functions Modulate Transfer-Appropriate Cortical Representations Supporting Subsequent Memory. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1135232023. [PMID: 38050089 PMCID: PMC10851689 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1135-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus plays a central role as a coordinate system or index of information stored in neocortical loci. Nonetheless, it remains unclear how hippocampal processes integrate with cortical information to facilitate successful memory encoding. Thus, the goal of the current study was to identify specific hippocampal-cortical interactions that support object encoding. We collected fMRI data while 19 human participants (7 female and 12 male) encoded images of real-world objects and tested their memory for object concepts and image exemplars (i.e., conceptual and perceptual memory). Representational similarity analysis revealed robust representations of visual and semantic information in canonical visual (e.g., occipital cortex) and semantic (e.g., angular gyrus) regions in the cortex, but not in the hippocampus. Critically, hippocampal functions modulated the mnemonic impact of cortical representations that are most pertinent to future memory demands, or transfer-appropriate representations Subsequent perceptual memory was best predicted by the strength of visual representations in ventromedial occipital cortex in coordination with hippocampal activity and pattern information during encoding. In parallel, subsequent conceptual memory was best predicted by the strength of semantic representations in left inferior frontal gyrus and angular gyrus in coordination with either hippocampal activity or semantic representational strength during encoding. We found no evidence for transfer-incongruent hippocampal-cortical interactions supporting subsequent memory (i.e., no hippocampal interactions with cortical visual/semantic representations supported conceptual/perceptual memory). Collectively, these results suggest that diverse hippocampal functions flexibly modulate cortical representations of object properties to satisfy distinct future memory demands.Significance Statement The hippocampus is theorized to index pieces of information stored throughout the cortex to support episodic memory. Yet how hippocampal processes integrate with cortical representation of stimulus information remains unclear. Using fMRI, we examined various forms of hippocampal-cortical interactions during object encoding in relation to subsequent performance on conceptual and perceptual memory tests. Our results revealed novel hippocampal-cortical interactions that utilize semantic and visual representations in transfer-appropriate manners: conceptual memory supported by hippocampal modulation of frontoparietal semantic representations, and perceptual memory supported by hippocampal modulation of occipital visual representations. These findings provide important insights into the neural mechanisms underlying the formation of information-rich episodic memory and underscore the value of studying the flexible interplay between brain regions for complex cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenyang Huang
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham 27708, North Carolina
| | - Cortney M Howard
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham 27708, North Carolina
| | | | - Maureen Ritchey
- Department of Psychology, Boston College, 02467 Massachusetts
| | - Roberto Cabeza
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham 27708, North Carolina
| | - Simon W Davis
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham 27708, North Carolina
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham 27708, North Carolina
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8
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San Agustín A, Crevillén D, Soto-León V, Moreno JC, Oliviero A, Pons JL. Transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with endogenous human hippocampal and motor cortical activity enhances memory. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295413. [PMID: 38060602 PMCID: PMC10703210 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is a fundamental cortical structure in the memory process of encoding, retaining, and recalling information. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) following a Paired Associative Stimulation (PAS) enhances nervous system excitability and promotes cortical plasticity mechanisms by synchronizing two stimuli in the same neural pathway. However, PAS has not been shown to improve memorization capacity yet. Here, we present an innovative protocol stemming from the PAS paradigm, which combines single-pulse TMS to the hippocampus with endogenous hippocampal activity during a working memory (WM) task. 96 volunteers were randomized across one experimental group and three parallel groups (motor cortex stimulation, sham stimulation, and no stimulation) in a single session. This combined-stimuli configuration resulted in an increased memorization capacity in the WM task, which was dependent on the stimulated brain location and subjects' basal memory performance. These results are potentially significant for clinical research on memory dysfunction and its related neurological disorders. Future research on paired associative or combined stimulation is required to unveil stimulation-derived neural mechanisms that enhance the ability to memorize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arantzazu San Agustín
- Neural Rehabilitation Group (NRG), Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- PhD Program in Neuroscience, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid-Cajal Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- Legs & Walking AbilityLab, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - David Crevillén
- Neural Rehabilitation Group (NRG), Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Soto-León
- FENNSI Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Juan C. Moreno
- Neural Rehabilitation Group (NRG), Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Oliviero
- FENNSI Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
- Center for Clinical Neuroscience, Hospital Los Madroños, Brunete, Spain
| | - José L. Pons
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- Legs & Walking AbilityLab, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, IL, United States of America
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9
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Tompary A, Xia A, Coslett BH, Thompson-Schill SL. Disruption of Anterior Temporal Lobe Reduces Distortions in Memory From Category Knowledge. J Cogn Neurosci 2023; 35:1899-1918. [PMID: 37713660 PMCID: PMC10860667 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Memory retrieval does not provide a perfect recapitulation of past events, but instead an imperfect reconstruction of event-specific details and general knowledge. However, it remains unclear whether this reconstruction relies on mixtures of signals from different memory systems, including one supporting general knowledge. Here, we investigate whether the anterior temporal lobe (ATL) distorts new memories because of prior category knowledge. In this preregistered experiment (n = 36), participants encoded and retrieved image-location associations. Most images' locations were clustered according to their category, but some were in random locations. With this protocol, we previously demonstrated that randomly located images were retrieved closer to their category cluster relative to their encoded locations, suggesting an influence of category knowledge. We combined this procedure with TMS delivered to the left ATL before retrieval. We separately examined event-specific details (error) and category knowledge (bias) to identify distinct signals attributable to different memory systems. We found that TMS to ATL attenuated bias in location memory, but this effect was limited to exploratory analyses of atypical category members of animal categories. The magnitude of error was not impacted, suggesting that a memory's fidelity can be decoupled from its distortion by category knowledge. This raises the intriguing possibility that retrieval is jointly supported by separable memory systems.
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10
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Torres IJ, Ge R, McGirr A, Vila-Rodriguez F, Ahn S, Basivireddy J, Walji N, Frangou S, Lam RW, Yatham LN. Effects of intermittent theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation on cognition and hippocampal volumes in bipolar depression. DIALOGUES IN CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 25:24-32. [PMID: 36924413 PMCID: PMC10026761 DOI: 10.1080/19585969.2023.2186189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is increasingly used to treat neurocognitive symptoms in mood disorders. Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) is a brief version of TMS that may preferentially target cognitive functions. This study evaluated whether iTBS leads to cognitive improvements and associated increased hippocampal volumes in bipolar depression. METHODS In a two-site double-blind randomised sham controlled trial (NCT02749006), 16 patients received active iTBS to the Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPF) and 15 patients received sham stimulation across four weeks. A composite neuropsychological score and declarative memory scores served as the cognitive outcomes. Hippocampal volumes were derived from T1 weighted MRI scans using the longitudinal ComBat method to harmonise data across sites. RESULTS No significant improvements were observed in any cognitive variables in the active relative to the sham group; however, there was a trend for increased left hippocampal volume in the former. Left hippocampal volume increases were associated with improvements in nonverbal memory in the active group. CONCLUSIONS Although cognitive improvements were not associated with iTBS, the finding that hippocampal volume increases were associated with memory improvement suggests there may be some level of prefrontal-temporal neuroplasticity that could support cognitive change in future studies of iTBS in bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan J Torres
- Mood Disorders Centre of Excellence, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- British Columbia Mental Health and Substance Use Services, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ruiyang Ge
- Mood Disorders Centre of Excellence, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alexander McGirr
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Fidel Vila-Rodriguez
- Non-Invasive Neurostimulation Therapies Laboratory, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sharon Ahn
- Mood Disorders Centre of Excellence, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jayasree Basivireddy
- Mood Disorders Centre of Excellence, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nazlin Walji
- Mood Disorders Centre of Excellence, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sophia Frangou
- Mood Disorders Centre of Excellence, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Raymond W Lam
- Mood Disorders Centre of Excellence, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lakshmi N Yatham
- Mood Disorders Centre of Excellence, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Gann MA, Dolfen N, King BR, Robertson EM, Albouy G. Prefrontal stimulation as a tool to disrupt hippocampal and striatal reactivations underlying fast motor memory consolidation. Brain Stimul 2023; 16:1336-1345. [PMID: 37647985 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2023.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests that hippocampal replay in humans support rapid motor memory consolidation during epochs of wakefulness interleaved with task practice. OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESES The goal of this study was to test whether such reactivation patterns can be modulated with experimental interventions and in turn influence fast consolidation. We hypothesized that non-invasive brain stimulation targeting hippocampal and striatal networks via the prefrontal cortex would influence brain reactivation and the rapid form of motor memory consolidation. METHODS Theta-burst stimulation was applied to a prefrontal cluster functionally connected to both the hippocampus and striatum of young healthy participants before they learned a motor sequence task in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner. Neuroimaging data acquired during task practice and the interleaved rest epochs were analyzed to comprehensively characterize the effect of stimulation on the neural processes supporting fast motor memory consolidation. RESULTS Our results collectively show that active, as compared to control, theta-burst stimulation of the prefrontal cortex hindered fast motor memory consolidation. Converging evidence from both univariate and multivariate analyses of fMRI data indicate that active stimulation disrupted hippocampal and caudate responses during inter-practice rest, presumably altering the reactivation of learning-related patterns during the micro-offline consolidation episodes. Last, stimulation altered the link between the brain and the behavioral markers of the fast consolidation process. CONCLUSION These results suggest that stimulation targeting deep brain regions via the prefrontal cortex can be used to modulate hippocampal and striatal reactivations in the human brain and influence motor memory consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike A Gann
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; LBI - KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nina Dolfen
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; LBI - KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bradley R King
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Edwin M Robertson
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Geneviève Albouy
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; LBI - KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Health and Kinesiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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12
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Ezzyat Y, Kragel JE, Solomon EA, Lega BC, Aronson JP, Jobst BC, Gross RE, Sperling MR, Worrell GA, Sheth SA, Wanda PA, Rizzuto DS, Kahana MJ. Functional and anatomical connectivity predict brain stimulation's mnemonic effects. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.27.550851. [PMID: 37609181 PMCID: PMC10441352 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.27.550851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Closed-loop direct brain stimulation is a promising tool for modulating neural activity and behavior. However, it remains unclear how to optimally target stimulation to modulate brain activity in particular brain networks that underlie particular cognitive functions. Here, we test the hypothesis that stimulation's behavioral and physiological effects depend on the stimulation target's anatomical and functional network properties. We delivered closed-loop stimulation as 47 neurosurgical patients studied and recalled word lists. Multivariate classifiers, trained to predict momentary lapses in memory function, triggered stimulation of the lateral temporal cortex (LTC) during the study phase of the task. We found that LTC stimulation specifically improved memory when delivered to targets near white matter pathways. Memory improvement was largest for targets near white matter that also showed high functional connectivity to the brain's memory network. These targets also reduced low-frequency activity in this network, an established marker of successful memory encoding. These data reveal how anatomical and functional networks mediate stimulation's behavioral and physiological effects, provide further evidence that closed-loop LTC stimulation can improve episodic memory, and suggest a method for optimizing neuromodulation through improved stimulation targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Ezzyat
- Dept. of Psychology, Wesleyan University, Middletown CT 06459
| | | | - Ethan A. Solomon
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA 19104
| | - Bradley C. Lega
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas TX 75390
| | - Joshua P. Aronson
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon NH 03756
| | - Barbara C. Jobst
- Dept. of Neurology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon NH 03756
| | - Robert E. Gross
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta GA 30322
| | - Michael R. Sperling
- Dept. of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia PA 19107
| | | | - Sameer A. Sheth
- Dept. of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Paul A. Wanda
- Dept. of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA 19104
| | - Daniel S. Rizzuto
- Dept. of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA 19104
| | - Michael J. Kahana
- Dept. of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA 19104
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13
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Kong Q, Sacca V, Zhu M, Ursitti AK, Kong J. Anatomical and Functional Connectivity of Critical Deep Brain Structures and Their Potential Clinical Application in Brain Stimulation. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4426. [PMID: 37445460 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Subcortical structures, such as the hippocampus, amygdala, and nucleus accumbens (NAcc), play crucial roles in human cognitive, memory, and emotional processing, chronic pain pathophysiology, and are implicated in various psychiatric and neurological diseases. Interventions modulating the activities of these deep brain structures hold promise for improving clinical outcomes. Recently, non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has been applied to modulate brain activity and has demonstrated its potential for treating psychiatric and neurological disorders. However, modulating the above deep brain structures using NIBS may be challenging due to the nature of these stimulations. This study attempts to identify brain surface regions as source targets for NIBS to reach these deep brain structures by integrating functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We used resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and probabilistic tractography (PTG) analysis to identify brain surface stimulation targets that are functionally and structurally connected to the hippocampus, amygdala, and NAcc in 119 healthy participants. Our results showed that the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is functionally and anatomically connected to all three subcortical regions, while the precuneus is connected to the hippocampus and amygdala. The mPFC and precuneus, two key hubs of the default mode network (DMN), as well as other cortical areas distributed at the prefrontal cortex and the parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes, were identified as potential locations for NIBS to modulate the function of these deep structures. The findings may provide new insights into the NIBS target selections for treating psychiatric and neurological disorders and chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Building 120, 2nd Ave., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Valeria Sacca
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Building 120, 2nd Ave., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Meixuan Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Building 120, 2nd Ave., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Amy Katherine Ursitti
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Building 120, 2nd Ave., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Jian Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Building 120, 2nd Ave., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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14
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Arulchelvan E, Vanneste S. Promising neurostimulation routes for targeting the hippocampus to improve episodic memory: A review. Brain Res 2023:148457. [PMID: 37315722 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This review aims to highlight modern neurostimulation approaches that are effectively activating the hippocampus and enhancing episodic memory performance. The hippocampus is a brain region known to play an essential role in episodic memory processes. However, as it is nestled deep within the brain, it has been a challenging target for traditional neurostimulation approaches, with studies reporting inconsistent memory effects. Recent studies suggest more than half of the electrical current from non-invasive transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) methods may be attenuated by the human scalp, skull, and cerebral spinal fluid. Thus, this review aims to highlight novel neurostimulation approaches that are showing promise as alternative routes for activating hippocampal circuitry. Early evidence suggests temporal interference, closed-loop and individualized protocols, sensory stimulation and peripheral nerve-targeted tES protocols warrant further investigation. These approaches each provide promising routes for activating the hippocampus by a) increasing its functional connectiveness to key brain regions, b) strengthening synaptic plasticity mechanisms, or c) enhancing neural entrainment specifically within and between theta and gamma frequencies in these regions. Importantly, these three functional mechanisms and the hippocampus' structural integrity are negatively impacted throughout the progression of Alzheimer's Disease, with episodic memory deficits likewise evident in early stages. Consequently, depending on further validation of the approaches reviewed here, these techniques could offer significant applied therapeutic value for patients suffering from memory deficits or neurodegenerative diseases including amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment or Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elva Arulchelvan
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Global Brain Health Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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15
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Bjekić J, Manojlović M, Filipović SR. Transcranial Electrical Stimulation for Associative Memory Enhancement: State-of-the-Art from Basic to Clinical Research. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051125. [PMID: 37240770 DOI: 10.3390/life13051125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Associative memory (AM) is the ability to bind new information into complex memory representations. Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS), especially transcranial electric stimulation (tES), has gained increased interest in research of associative memory (AM) and its impairments. To provide an overview of the current state of knowledge, we conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines covering basic and clinical research. Out of 374 identified records, 41 studies were analyzed-twenty-nine in healthy young adults, six in the aging population, three comparing older and younger adults, as well as two studies on people with MCI, and one in people with Alzheimer's dementia. Studies using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) as well as oscillatory (otDCS) and high-definition protocols (HD-tDCS, HD-tACS) have been included. The results showed methodological heterogeneity in terms of study design, stimulation type, and parameters, as well as outcome measures. Overall, the results show that tES is a promising method for AM enhancement, especially if the stimulation is applied over the parietal cortex and the effects are assessed in cued recall paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Bjekić
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Manojlović
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Saša R Filipović
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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16
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Zhang TR, Askari B, Kesici A, Guilherme E, Vila-Rodriguez F, Snyder JS. Intermittent theta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation induces hippocampal mossy fibre plasticity in male but not female mice. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 57:310-323. [PMID: 36484786 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) induces electric fields that depolarise or hyperpolarise neurons. Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), a patterned form of TMS that is delivered at the theta frequency (~5 Hz), induces neuroplasticity in the hippocampus, a brain region that is implicated in memory and learning. One form of plasticity that is unique to the hippocampus is adult neurogenesis; however, little is known about whether TMS or iTBS in particular affects newborn neurons. Here, we therefore applied repeated sessions of iTBS to male and female mice and measured the extent of adult neurogenesis and the morphological features of immature neurons. We found that repeated sessions of iTBS did not significantly increase the amount of neurogenesis or affect the gross dendritic morphology of new neurons, and there were no sex differences in neurogenesis rates or aspects of afferent morphology. In contrast, efferent properties of newborn neurons varied as a function of sex and stimulation. Chronic iTBS increased the size of mossy fibre terminals, which synapse onto Cornu Ammonis 3 (CA3) pyramidal neurons, but only in males. iTBS also increased the number of terminal-associated filopodia, putative synapses onto inhibitory interneurons but only in male mice. This efferent plasticity could result from a general trophic effect, or it could reflect accelerated maturation of immature neurons. Given the important role of mossy fibre synapses in hippocampal learning, our results identify a neurobiological effect of iTBS that might be associated with sex-specific changes in cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Rui Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Non-Invasive Neurostimulation Therapies Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Baran Askari
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Aydan Kesici
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Evelyn Guilherme
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sao Carlo, Brazil
| | - Fidel Vila-Rodriguez
- Non-Invasive Neurostimulation Therapies Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jason S Snyder
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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17
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Webler RD, Oathes DJ, van Rooij SJH, Gewirtz JC, Nahas Z, Lissek SM, Widge AS. Causally mapping human threat extinction relevant circuits with depolarizing brain stimulation methods. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 144:105005. [PMID: 36549377 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.105005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Laboratory threat extinction paradigms and exposure-based therapy both involve repeated, safe confrontation with stimuli previously experienced as threatening. This fundamental procedural overlap supports laboratory threat extinction as a compelling analogue of exposure-based therapy. Threat extinction impairments have been detected in clinical anxiety and may contribute to exposure-based therapy non-response and relapse. However, efforts to improve exposure outcomes using techniques that boost extinction - primarily rodent extinction - have largely failed to date, potentially due to fundamental differences between rodent and human neurobiology. In this review, we articulate a comprehensive pre-clinical human research agenda designed to overcome these failures. We describe how connectivity guided depolarizing brain stimulation methods (i.e., TMS and DBS) can be applied concurrently with threat extinction and dual threat reconsolidation-extinction paradigms to causally map human extinction relevant circuits and inform the optimal integration of these methods with exposure-based therapy. We highlight candidate targets including the amygdala, hippocampus, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, and mesolimbic structures, and propose hypotheses about how stimulation delivered at specific learning phases could strengthen threat extinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Webler
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Desmond J Oathes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sanne J H van Rooij
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jonathan C Gewirtz
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, AZ, USA
| | - Ziad Nahas
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, AZ, USA
| | - Shmuel M Lissek
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alik S Widge
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Discovery Team on Addictions, University of Minnesota Medical School, MN, USA
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18
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Wang J, Tambini A, Lapate RC. The tie that binds: temporal coding and adaptive emotion. Trends Cogn Sci 2022; 26:1103-1118. [PMID: 36302710 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Emotions are temporally dynamic, but the persistence of emotions outside of their appropriate temporal context is detrimental to health and well-being. Yet, precisely how temporal coding and emotional processing interact remains unclear. Recently unveiled temporal context representations in the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex (EC), and prefrontal cortex (PFC) support memory for what happened when. Here, we discuss how these neural temporal representations may interact with densely interconnected amygdala circuitry to shape emotional functioning. We propose a neuroanatomically informed framework suggesting that high-fidelity temporal representations linked to dynamic experiences promote emotion regulation and adaptive emotional memories. Then, we discuss how newly-identified synaptic and molecular features of amygdala-hippocampal projections suggest that intense, amygdala-dependent emotional responses may distort temporal-coding mechanisms. We conclude by identifying key avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Wang
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Arielle Tambini
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Regina C Lapate
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
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19
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Abstract
Working memory (WM) and long-term memory (LTM) tests have both overlapping and distinct neurocognitive processes. Hippocampal activity in fMRI studies-a hallmark of LTM-also occurs on WM tasks, typically during encoding or retrieval and sometimes (albeit rarely) through 'late-delay' periods. The Synaptic Theory of WM suggests that 'activity-silent' synaptic weights retain temporary, WM-relevant codes without sustained, elevated activity. The hippocampus temporarily retains item-context bindings during WM-delays that are typically 'silent' to fMRI, probably via oscillatory patterns of informational connectivity among task-relevant regions of cortex. Advancing WM theory will require modeling this dynamic interplay, as in the 'Dynamic Processing Model of WM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan S Rose
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Chang-Mao Chao
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
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20
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Spinelli G, Bakardjian H, Schwartz D, Potier MC, Habert MO, Levy M, Dubois B, George N. Theta Band-Power Shapes Amyloid-Driven Longitudinal EEG Changes in Elderly Subjective Memory Complainers At-Risk for Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 90:69-84. [PMID: 36057818 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) includes progressive symptoms spread along a continuum of preclinical and clinical stages. Although numerous studies uncovered the neuro-cognitive changes of AD, very little is known on the natural history of brain lesions and modifications of brain networks in elderly cognitively-healthy memory complainers at risk of AD for carrying pathophysiological biomarkers (amyloidopathy and tauopathy). OBJECTIVE We analyzed resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) of 318 cognitively-healthy subjective memory complainers from the INSIGHT-preAD cohort at the time of their first visit (M0) and two-years later (M24). METHODS Using 18F-florbetapir PET-scanner, subjects were stratified between amyloid negative (A-; n = 230) and positive (A+; n = 88) groups. Differences between A+ and A-were estimated at source-level in each band-power of the EEG spectrum. RESULTS At M0, we found an increase of theta power in the mid-frontal cortex in A+ compared to A-. No significant association was found between mid-frontal theta and the individuals' cognitive performance. At M24, theta power increased in A+ relative to A-individuals in the posterior cingulate cortex and the pre-cuneus. Alpha band revealed a peculiar decremental trend in posterior brain regions in the A+ relative to the A-group only at M24. Theta power increase over the mid-frontal and mid-posterior cortices suggests an hypoactivation of the default-mode network in the A+ individuals and a non-linear longitudinal progression at M24. CONCLUSION We provide the first source-level longitudinal evidence on the impact of brain amyloidosis on the EEG dynamics of a large-scale, monocentric cohort of elderly individuals at-risk for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Spinelli
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Centre MEG-EEG, CENIR, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), Department of Neurology, Paris, France
| | - Hovagim Bakardjian
- AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), Department of Neurology, Paris, France
| | | | - Marie-Claude Potier
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Centre MEG-EEG, CENIR, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Odile Habert
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Médecine Nucléaire, Paris, France.,Centre d'Acquisition et Traitement des Images (CATI), http://www.cati-neuroimaging.com
| | - Marcel Levy
- AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), Department of Neurology, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Dubois
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Centre MEG-EEG, CENIR, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), Department of Neurology, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie George
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Centre MEG-EEG, CENIR, Paris, France
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21
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Živanović M, Bjekić J, Konstantinović U, Filipović SR. Effects of online parietal transcranial electric stimulation on associative memory: a direct comparison between tDCS, theta tACS, and theta-oscillatory tDCS. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14091. [PMID: 35982223 PMCID: PMC9388571 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18376-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Associative memory (AM) is the ability to remember and retrieve multiple items bound together. Previous studies aiming to modulate AM by various transcranial electric stimulation (tES) techniques were inconclusive, although overall suggestive that tES could be a tool for AM enhancement. However, evidence from a direct comparison between different tES techniques is lacking. Here, in a sham-controlled cross-over experiment, we comparatively assessed the effects of three types of tES—anodal tDCS, theta-band transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), and theta-oscillatory tDCS (otDCS), delivered over the left posterior parietal cortex, during a short-term digit-color AM task with cued-recall. The effects were tested in 40 healthy young participants while both oscillatory tES were delivered at a previously determined individual theta frequency (4–8 Hz). All three active stimulations facilitated the overall AM performance, and no differences could be detected between them on direct comparison. However, unlike tDCS, the effects of which appeared to stem mainly from the facilitation of low-memory demand trials, both theta-modulated tACS and otDCS primarily promoted AM in high memory demand trials. Comparable yet differential effects of tDCS, theta tACS, and otDCS could be attributed to differences in their presumed modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Živanović
- Institute of Psychology & Laboratory for Research of Individual Differences, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jovana Bjekić
- Human Neuroscience Group, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Uroš Konstantinović
- Human Neuroscience Group, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Saša R Filipović
- Human Neuroscience Group, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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22
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Wu Q, Xu X, Zhai C, Zhao Z, Dai W, Wang T, Shen Y. High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improves spatial episodic learning and memory performance by regulating brain plasticity in healthy rats. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:974940. [PMID: 35992904 PMCID: PMC9389218 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.974940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an effective way to stimulate changes in structural and functional plasticity, which is a part of learning and memory. However, to our knowledge, rTMS-induced specific activity and neural plasticity in different brain regions that affect cognition are not fully understood; nor are its mechanisms. Therefore, we aimed to investigate rTMS-induced cognition-related neural plasticity changes and their mechanisms in different brain regions. Methods A total of 30 healthy adult rats were randomly divided into the control group and the rTMS group (n = 15 rats per group). The rats in the control and the rTMS group received either 4 weeks of sham or high-frequency rTMS (HF-rTMS) over the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Cognitive function was detected by Morris water maze. Functional imaging was acquired by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) before and after rTMS. The protein expressions of BDNF, TrkB, p-Akt, Akt, NR1, NR2A, and NR2B in the PFC, hippocampus, and primary motor cortex (M1) were detected by Western blot following rTMS. Results After 4 weeks of rTMS, the cognitive ability of healthy rats who underwent rTMS showed a small but significant behavioral improvement in spatial episodic learning and memory performance. Compared with the pre-rTMS or the control group, rats in the rTMS group showed increased regional homogeneity (ReHo) in multiple brain regions in the interoceptive/default mode network (DMN) and cortico-striatal-thalamic network, specifically the bilateral PFC, bilateral hippocampus, and the left M1. Western blot analyses showed that rTMS led to a significant increase in the expressions of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors, including NR1, NR2A, and NR2B in the PFC, hippocampus, and M1, as well as an upregulation of BDNF, TrkB, and p-Akt in these three brain regions. In addition, the expression of NR1 in these three brain regions correlated with rTMS-induced cognitive improvement. Conclusion Overall, these data suggested that HF-rTMS can enhance cognitive performance through modulation of NMDA receptor-dependent brain plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xingjun Xu
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenyuan Zhai
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhao
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Dai
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Tong Wang,
| | - Ying Shen
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Ying Shen,
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Ryan J, Pouliot JJ, Hajcak G, Nee DE. Manipulating Reward Sensitivity Using Reward Circuit-Targeted Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2022; 7:833-840. [PMID: 35272094 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The reward circuit is important for motivation and learning, and dysregulations of the reward circuit are prominent in anhedonic depression. Noninvasive interventions that can selectively target the reward circuit may hold promise for the treatment of anhedonia. METHODS We tested a novel transcranial magnetic stimulation intervention for modulating the reward circuit. A total of 35 healthy individuals participated in a crossover controlled study targeting the reward circuit or a control site with intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), an excitatory form of transcranial magnetic stimulation. Individual reward circuit targets were defined based upon functional magnetic resonance imaging functional connectivity with the ventral striatum, yielding targets in the rostromedial prefrontal cortex (rmPFC). Reward circuit function was assessed at baseline using functional magnetic resonance imaging, and reward circuit modulation was assessed using an event-related potential referred to as the reward positivity, which has been shown to reliably track reward sensitivity, as well as individual differences in depression and risk for depression. RESULTS Relative to control iTBS, rmPFC iTBS enhanced the reward positivity. This effect was moderated by reward function, suggesting greater enhancements in individuals with lower reward function. This effect was also moderated by rmPFC-ventral striatum connectivity insofar as iTBS reached the rmPFC, suggesting that efficacy relies jointly on the strength of the rmPFC-ventral striatum pathway and ability of transcranial magnetic stimulation to target the rmPFC. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the reward circuit can be modulated by rmPFC iTBS, and amenability to such modulations is related to measures of reward circuit function. This provides the first step toward a novel noninvasive treatment of disorders of the reward circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Ryan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida; Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Jourdan J Pouliot
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Greg Hajcak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida; Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Derek Evan Nee
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida.
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24
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Roeder BM, Riley MR, She X, Dakos AS, Robinson BS, Moore BJ, Couture DE, Laxton AW, Popli G, Munger Clary HM, Sam M, Heck C, Nune G, Lee B, Liu C, Shaw S, Gong H, Marmarelis VZ, Berger TW, Deadwyler SA, Song D, Hampson RE. Patterned Hippocampal Stimulation Facilitates Memory in Patients With a History of Head Impact and/or Brain Injury. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:933401. [PMID: 35959242 PMCID: PMC9358788 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.933401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the hippocampus is proposed for enhancement of memory impaired by injury or disease. Many pre-clinical DBS paradigms can be addressed in epilepsy patients undergoing intracranial monitoring for seizure localization, since they already have electrodes implanted in brain areas of interest. Even though epilepsy is usually not a memory disorder targeted by DBS, the studies can nevertheless model other memory-impacting disorders, such as Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). Methods: Human patients undergoing Phase II invasive monitoring for intractable epilepsy were implanted with depth electrodes capable of recording neurophysiological signals. Subjects performed a delayed-match-to-sample (DMS) memory task while hippocampal ensembles from CA1 and CA3 cell layers were recorded to estimate a multi-input, multi-output (MIMO) model of CA3-to-CA1 neural encoding and a memory decoding model (MDM) to decode memory information from CA3 and CA1 neuronal signals. After model estimation, subjects again performed the DMS task while either MIMO-based or MDM-based patterned stimulation was delivered to CA1 electrode sites during the encoding phase of the DMS trials. Each subject was sorted (post hoc) by prior experience of repeated and/or mild-to-moderate brain injury (RMBI), TBI, or no history (control) and scored for percentage successful delayed recognition (DR) recall on stimulated vs. non-stimulated DMS trials. The subject’s medical history was unknown to the experimenters until after individual subject memory retention results were scored. Results: When examined compared to control subjects, both TBI and RMBI subjects showed increased memory retention in response to both MIMO and MDM-based hippocampal stimulation. Furthermore, effects of stimulation were also greater in subjects who were evaluated as having pre-existing mild-to-moderate memory impairment. Conclusion: These results show that hippocampal stimulation for memory facilitation was more beneficial for subjects who had previously suffered a brain injury (other than epilepsy), compared to control (epilepsy) subjects who had not suffered a brain injury. This study demonstrates that the epilepsy/intracranial recording model can be extended to test the ability of DBS to restore memory function in subjects who previously suffered a brain injury other than epilepsy, and support further investigation into the beneficial effect of DBS in TBI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent M. Roeder
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Mitchell R. Riley
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Xiwei She
- Department Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Alexander S. Dakos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Brian S. Robinson
- Department Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Bryan J. Moore
- Department Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Daniel E. Couture
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine/Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Adrian W. Laxton
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine/Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Gautam Popli
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine/Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Heidi M. Munger Clary
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine/Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Maria Sam
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine/Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Christi Heck
- Department of Neurology, W. M. Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - George Nune
- Department of Neurology, W. M. Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Brian Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, W. M. Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Charles Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, W. M. Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Susan Shaw
- Department of Neurology, Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Hui Gong
- Department of Neurology, Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Vasilis Z. Marmarelis
- Department Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Theodore W. Berger
- Department Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sam A. Deadwyler
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Dong Song
- Department Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Robert E. Hampson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine/Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
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25
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Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for multiple neurological conditions in rodent animal models: A systematic review. Neurochem Int 2022; 157:105356. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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26
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Oliver LD, Hawco C, Viviano JD, Voineskos AN. From the Group to the Individual in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Biomarkers of Social Cognitive Impairments and Therapeutic Translation. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 91:699-708. [PMID: 34799097 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
People with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) often experience persistent social cognitive impairments, associated with poor functional outcome. There are currently no approved treatment options for these debilitating symptoms, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies. Work to date has elucidated differential social processes and underlying neural circuitry affected in SSDs, which may be amenable to modulation using neurostimulation. Further, advances in functional connectivity mapping and electric field modeling may be used to identify individualized treatment targets to maximize the impact of brain stimulation on social cognitive networks. Here, we review literature supporting a roadmap for translating functional connectivity biomarker discovery to individualized treatment development for social cognitive impairments in SSDs. First, we outline the relevance of social cognitive impairments in SSDs. We review machine learning approaches for dimensional brain-behavior biomarker discovery, emphasizing the importance of individual differences. We synthesize research showing that brain stimulation techniques, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, can be used to target relevant networks. Further, functional connectivity-based individualized targeting may enhance treatment response. We then outline recent approaches to account for neuroanatomical variability and optimize coil positioning to individually maximize target engagement. Overall, the synthesized literature provides support for the utility and feasibility of this translational approach to precision treatment. The proposed roadmap to translate biomarkers of social cognitive impairments to individualized treatment is currently under evaluation in precision-guided trials. Such a translational approach may also be applicable across conditions and generalizable for the development of individualized neurostimulation targeting other behavioral deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay D Oliver
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Colin Hawco
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joseph D Viviano
- Mila-Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aristotle N Voineskos
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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27
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Personalized Frequency Modulated Transcranial Electrical Stimulation for Associative Memory Enhancement. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12040472. [PMID: 35448003 PMCID: PMC9025454 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12040472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Associative memory (AM) is the ability to remember the relationship between previously unrelated items. AM is significantly affected by normal aging and neurodegenerative conditions, thus there is a growing interest in applying non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques for AM enhancement. A growing body of studies identifies posterior parietal cortex (PPC) as the most promising cortical target for both transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) to modulate a cortico-hippocampal network that underlines AM. In that sense, theta frequency oscillatory tES protocols, targeted towards the hallmark oscillatory activity within the cortico-hippocampal network, are increasingly coming to prominence. To increase precision and effectiveness, the need for EEG guided individualization of the tES protocols is proposed. Here, we present the study protocol in which two types of personalized oscillatory tES–transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) and oscillatory transcranial direct current stimulation (otDCS), both frequency-modulated to the individual theta-band frequency (ITF), are compared to the non-oscillatory transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and to the sham stimulation. The study has cross-over design with four tES conditions (tACS, otDCS, tDCS, sham), and the comprehensive set of neurophysiological (resting state EEG and AM-evoked EEG) and behavioral outcomes, including AM tasks (short-term associative memory, face–word, face–object, object-location), as well as measures of other cognitive functions (cognitive control, verbal fluency, and working memory).
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28
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Wynn SC, Nyhus E. Brain activity patterns underlying memory confidence. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 55:1774-1797. [PMID: 35304774 PMCID: PMC9314063 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The primary aim of this review is to examine the brain activity patterns that are related to subjectively perceived memory confidence. We focus on the main brain regions involved in episodic memory: the medial temporal lobe (MTL), prefrontal cortex (PFC), and posterior parietal cortex (PPC), and relate activity in their subregions to memory confidence. How this brain activity in both the encoding and retrieval phase is related to (subsequent) memory confidence ratings will be discussed. Specifically, encoding related activity in MTL regions and ventrolateral PFC mainly shows a positive linear increase with subsequent memory confidence, while dorsolateral and ventromedial PFC activity show mixed patterns. In addition, encoding-related PPC activity seems to only have indirect effects on memory confidence ratings. Activity during retrieval in both the hippocampus and parahippocampal cortex increases with memory confidence, especially during high-confident recognition. Retrieval-related activity in the PFC and PPC show mixed relationships with memory confidence, likely related to post-retrieval monitoring and attentional processes, respectively. In this review, these MTL, PFC, and PPC activity patterns are examined in detail and related to their functional roles in memory processes. This insight into brain activity that underlies memory confidence is important for our understanding of brain-behaviour relations and memory-guided decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syanah C Wynn
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME, United States
| | - Erika Nyhus
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME, United States
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29
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Cotelli M, Ferrari C, Gobbi E, Binetti G, Manenti R, Sandrini M. tDCS-Induced Memory Reconsolidation Effects: Analysis of Prominent Predicting Factors. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:814003. [PMID: 35368257 PMCID: PMC8969754 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.814003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Memory impairment is among one of the greatest cognitive complaints in midlife and in old age. Considering the importance of good memory functioning in everyday life, it is crucial to study interventions that can reduce the natural decline in this cognitive function. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) studies have demonstrated that the lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a causal role in enhancing episodic memory recall through reconsolidation. Using a similar paradigm with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the left lateral PFC, facilitation effects were observed in delayed memory retrieval in older adults with subjective memory complaints (SMCs) and amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI). However, it remains unclear which potential factors (i.e., tDCS group, cognitive reserve, education level, diagnosis and encoding performance) directly and/or indirectly modulate the tDCS-induced memory reconsolidation effects. Methods We reanalyzed data acquired in our previous tDCS studies with 22 SMC and 18 aMCI participants from the perspective of predicting delayed memory retrieval performance. These studies included a learning session on Day 1, a reactivation by a contextual reminder followed by 15 min of tDCS session on Day 2 (24 h after Day 1), and two retrieval sessions (free recall and recognition) tested on Days 3 and 30 (48 h and 30 Days after Day 1). Results Univariate models showed that tDCS group (sham vs. active) significantly predicted memory recognition (but not free recall), evidenced by higher scores in the active tDCS group than in sham group, confirming our previous results. Encoding performance and diagnosis (SMC vs. aMCI) significantly predicted memory retrieval, suggesting higher performances in individuals with SMC than in those with aMCI. Regarding cognitive reserve, higher leisure time activity subscores significantly predicted better memory recognition. Finally, multiple models did not show any tDCS group × predictor interaction effects, indicating that the effects of the predictors on retrieval occurred irrespective of tDCS group. Conclusion Our results shed light on predicting factors of episodic memory retrieval in this reconsolidation paradigm in individuals with SMC and aMCI. The findings suggest that multifactorial interventions program may be most promising to slow cognitive decline and delay the onset of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cotelli
- Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Clarissa Ferrari
- Statistics Service, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena Gobbi
- Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuliano Binetti
- MAC Memory Clinic and Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Rosa Manenti
- Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Rosa Manenti,
| | - Marco Sandrini
- School of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, United Kingdom
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30
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Zhang B, Wang F, Zhang Q, Naya Y. Distinct networks coupled with parietal cortex for spatial representations inside and outside the visual field. Neuroimage 2022; 252:119041. [PMID: 35231630 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Our mental representation of egocentric space is influenced by the disproportionate sensory perception of the body. Previous studies have focused on the neural architecture for egocentric representations within the visual field. However, the space representation underlying the body is still unclear. To address this problem, we applied both functional Magnitude Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and Magnetoencephalography (MEG) to a spatial-memory paradigm by using a virtual environment in which human participants remembered a target location left, right, or back relative to their own body. Both experiments showed larger involvement of the frontoparietal network in representing a retrieved target on the left/right side than on the back. Conversely, the medial temporal lobe (MTL)-parietal network was more involved in retrieving a target behind the participants. The MEG data showed an earlier activation of the MTL-parietal network than that of the frontoparietal network during retrieval of a target location. These findings suggest that the parietal cortex may represent the entire space around the self-body by coordinating two distinct brain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, No. 52, Haidian Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100805, China; Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing, 100084, China; Tsinghua Laboratory of Brain and Intelligence, 160 Chengfu Rd., SanCaiTang Building, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, No. 52, Haidian Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100805, China; School of Educational Science, Minnan Normal University, No. 36, Xianqianzhi Street, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Yuji Naya
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, No. 52, Haidian Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100805, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research at Peking University, No. 52, Haidian Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100805, China; Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, No. 52, Haidian Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100805, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, No. 52, Haidian Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100805, China.
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31
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Zou F, Kwok SC. Distinct Generation of Subjective Vividness and Confidence during Naturalistic Memory Retrieval in Angular Gyrus. J Cogn Neurosci 2022; 34:988-1000. [PMID: 35195715 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Our subjective experience of remembering guides and monitors the reconstruction of past and simulation of the future, which enables us to identify mistakes and adjust our behavior accordingly. However, it remains incompletely understood what underlies the process of subjective mnemonic experience. Here, we combined behavior, repetitive TMS, and functional neuroimaging to probe whether vividness and confidence are generated differently during retrieval. We found that preretrieval repetitive TMS targeting the left angular gyrus (AnG) selectively attenuated the vividness efficiency compared with control stimulation while keeping metacognitive efficiency and objective memory accuracy unaffected. Using trialwise data, we showed that AnG stimulation altered the mediating role of vividness in confidence in the accuracy of memory judgment. Moreover, resting-state functional connectivity of hippocampus and AnG was specifically associated with vividness efficiency, but not metacognitive efficiency across individuals. Together, these results identify the causal involvement of AnG in gauging the vividness, but not the confidence, of memory, thereby suggesting a differentiation account of conscious assessment of memory by functionally and anatomically dissociating the monitoring of vividness from confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Futing Zou
- East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,University of Oregon
| | - Sze Chai Kwok
- East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Duke Kunshan University.,Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center
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32
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Freedberg MV, Reeves JA, Fioriti CM, Murillo J, Wassermann EM. Reproducing the effect of hippocampal network-targeted transcranial magnetic stimulation on episodic memory. Behav Brain Res 2022; 419:113707. [PMID: 34890597 PMCID: PMC8862180 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) targeted to the hippocampal network via the inferior parietal cortex (HN-Stim) can strengthen hippocampal-cortical connectivity and improve episodic memory, offering a potential clinical intervention. However, acceptance of this technique has been tempered by the infrequent reproduction of findings in rTMS research on cognitive processes. We tested the reproducibility of the HN-Stim effect on episodic memory in our laboratory using different procedures from those previously published. We tested episodic memory in 29 participants before, one day, and one week after, three consecutive days of 20 Hz HN-Stim. Participants received stimulation targeted to either the area of inferior parietal cortex maximally connected to the left anterior hippocampus (HN-Stim; N = 14) or the vertex (control; N = 15), where we expected no effect. HN-Stim increased episodic memory performance one day, but not one week, after the last stimulation session. While failing to reproduce the lasting beneficial effect on memory found by others after five days of treatment, we found robust effects on behavior 24 h after treatment. HN-Stim is a safe and reliable means of enhancing episodic memory and may have potential for boosting learning and treating memory deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael V Freedberg
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Jack A Reeves
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cynthia M Fioriti
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jorge Murillo
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Eric M Wassermann
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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33
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Hermiller MS, Dave S, Wert SL, VanHaerents S, Riley M, Weintraub S, Mesulam MM, Voss JL. Evidence from theta-burst stimulation that age-related de-differentiation of the hippocampal network is functional for episodic memory. Neurobiol Aging 2022; 109:145-157. [PMID: 34740076 PMCID: PMC8671378 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Episodic memory is supported by hippocampal interactions with a distributed network. Aging is associated with memory decline and network de-differentiation. However, the role of de-differentiation in memory decline has not been directly tested. We reasoned that hippocampal network-targeted stimulation could test these theories, as age-related changes in the network response to stimulation would indicate network reorganization, and corresponding changes in memory would suggest that this reorganization is functional. We compared effects of stimulation on fMRI connectivity and memory in younger versus older adults. Theta-burst network-targeted stimulation of left lateral parietal cortex selectively increased hippocampal network connectivity and modulated memory in younger adults. In contrast, stimulation in older adults increased connectivity throughout the brain, without network selectivity, and did not influence memory. These findings provide evidence that network responses to stimulation are de-differentiated in aging and suggest that age-related de-differentiation is relevant for memory. This manuscript is part of the Special Issue entitled "Cognitive Neuroscience of Healthy and Pathological Aging" edited by Drs. M. N. Rajah, S. Belleville, and R. Cabeza. This article is part of the Virtual Special Issue titled COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE OF HEALTHY AND PATHOLOGICAL AGING. The full issue can be found on ScienceDirect at https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/neurobiology-of-aging/special-issue/105379XPWJP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly S. Hermiller
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY,Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY,Corresponding author: Molly S. Hermiller, 615 West 131st Street, Studebaker, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10027,
| | - Shruti Dave
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Stephanie L. Wert
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Stephen VanHaerents
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Michaela Riley
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Sandra Weintraub
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - M.-Marsel Mesulam
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL,Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Joel L. Voss
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL,Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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Dave S, VanHaerents S, Bonakdarpour B, Mesulam MM, Voss JL. Stimulation of distinct parietal locations differentiates frontal versus hippocampal network involvement in memory formation. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2022; 3:100030. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crneur.2022.100030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Mangano GR, Oliveri M, Smirni D, Tarantino V, Turriziani P. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Trains at 1 Hz Frequency of the Right Posterior Parietal Cortex Facilitate Recognition Memory. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:696793. [PMID: 34720903 PMCID: PMC8551394 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.696793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging, neuropsychological, and brain stimulation studies have led to contrasting findings regarding the potential roles of the lateral parietal lobe in episodic memory. Studies using brain stimulation methods reported in the literature do not offer unequivocal findings on the interactions with stimulation location (left vs. right hemisphere) or timing of the stimulation (encoding vs. retrieval). To address these issues, active and sham 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) trains of 600 stimuli were applied over the right or left posterior parietal cortex (PPC) before the encoding or before the retrieval phase of a recognition memory task of unknown faces in a group of 40 healthy subjects. Active rTMS over the right but not the left PPC significantly improved non-verbal recognition memory performance without any significant modulation of speed of response when applied before the retrieval phase. In contrast, rTMS over the right or the left PPC before the encoding phase did not modulate memory performance. Our results support the hypothesis that the PPC plays a role in episodic memory retrieval that appears to be dependent on both the hemispheric lateralization and the timing of the stimulation (encoding vs. retrieval).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppa Renata Mangano
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Neuroteam Life and Science, Palermo, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Oliveri
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Neuroteam Life and Science, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniela Smirni
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Neuroteam Life and Science, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenza Tarantino
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Neuroteam Life and Science, Palermo, Italy
| | - Patrizia Turriziani
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Neuroteam Life and Science, Palermo, Italy
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Hou X, Xiao X, Gong Y, Li Z, Chen A, Zhu C. Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Neurofeedback Enhances Human Spatial Memory. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:681193. [PMID: 34658812 PMCID: PMC8511425 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.681193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial memory is an important cognitive function for human daily life and may present dysfunction or decline due to aging or clinical diseases. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy neurofeedback (fNIRS-NFB) is a promising neuromodulation technique with several special advantages that can be used to improve human cognitive functions by manipulating the neural activity of targeted brain regions or networks. In this pilot study, we intended to test the feasibility of fNIRS-NFB to enhance human spatial memory ability. The lateral parietal cortex, an accessible cortical region in the posterior medial hippocampal-cortical network that plays a crucial role in human spatial memory processing, was selected as the potential feedback target. A placebo-controlled fNIRS-NFB experiment was conducted to instruct individuals to regulate the neural activity in this region or an irrelevant control region. Experimental results showed that individuals learned to up-regulate the neural activity in the region of interest successfully. A significant increase in spatial memory performance was found after 8-session neurofeedback training in the experimental group but not in the control group. Furthermore, neurofeedback-induced neural activation increase correlated with spatial memory improvement. In summary, this study preliminarily demonstrated the feasibility of fNIRS-NFB to improve human spatial memory and has important implications for further applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,School of Education, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yilong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Center for Cognition and Neuroergonomics, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, China.,Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Antao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of the Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chaozhe Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Gann MA, King BR, Dolfen N, Veldman MP, Davare M, Swinnen SP, Mantini D, Robertson EM, Albouy G. Prefrontal stimulation prior to motor sequence learning alters multivoxel patterns in the striatum and the hippocampus. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20572. [PMID: 34663890 PMCID: PMC8523553 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99926-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor sequence learning (MSL) is supported by dynamical interactions between hippocampal and striatal networks that are thought to be orchestrated by the prefrontal cortex. In the present study, we tested whether individually-tailored theta-burst stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) prior to MSL can modulate multivoxel response patterns in the stimulated cortical area, the hippocampus and the striatum. Response patterns were assessed with multivoxel correlation structure analyses of functional magnetic resonance imaging data acquired during task practice and during resting-state scans before and after learning/stimulation. Results revealed that, across stimulation conditions, MSL induced greater modulation of task-related DLPFC multivoxel patterns than random practice. A similar learning-related modulatory effect was observed on sensorimotor putamen patterns under inhibitory stimulation. Furthermore, MSL as well as inhibitory stimulation affected (posterior) hippocampal multivoxel patterns at post-intervention rest. Exploratory analyses showed that MSL-related brain patterns in the posterior hippocampus persisted into post-learning rest preferentially after inhibitory stimulation. These results collectively show that prefrontal stimulation can alter multivoxel brain patterns in deep brain regions that are critical for the MSL process. They also suggest that stimulation influenced early offline consolidation processes as evidenced by a stimulation-induced modulation of the reinstatement of task pattern into post-learning wakeful rest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike A Gann
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- LBI - KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bradley R King
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Nina Dolfen
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- LBI - KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Menno P Veldman
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- LBI - KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marco Davare
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PN, UK
| | - Stephan P Swinnen
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- LBI - KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dante Mantini
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics Research Group, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, 30126, Venice, Italy
| | - Edwin M Robertson
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QB, UK
| | - Geneviève Albouy
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
- LBI - KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
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Lin Q, Yoo K, Shen X, Constable TR, Chun MM. Functional Connectivity during Encoding Predicts Individual Differences in Long-Term Memory. J Cogn Neurosci 2021; 33:2279-2296. [PMID: 34272957 PMCID: PMC8497062 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
What is the neural basis of individual differences in the ability to hold information in long-term memory (LTM)? Here, we first characterize two whole-brain functional connectivity networks based on fMRI data acquired during an n-back task that robustly predict individual differences in two important forms of LTM, recognition and recollection. We then focus on the recognition memory model and contrast it with a working memory model. Although functional connectivity during the n-back task also predicts working memory performance and the two networks have some shared components, they are also largely distinct from each other: The recognition memory model performance remains robust when we control for working memory, and vice versa. Functional connectivity only within regions traditionally associated with LTM formation, such as the medial temporal lobe and those that show univariate subsequent memory effect, have little predictive power for both forms of LTM. Interestingly, the interactions between these regions and other brain regions play a more substantial role in predicting recollection memory than recognition memory. These results demonstrate that individual differences in LTM are dependent on the configuration of a whole-brain functional network including but not limited to regions associated with LTM during encoding and that such a network is separable from what supports the retention of information in working memory.
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Stimulating Memory: Reviewing Interventions Using Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Enhance or Restore Memory Abilities. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11101283. [PMID: 34679348 PMCID: PMC8533697 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11101283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human memory systems are imperfect recording devices that are affected by age and disease, but recent findings suggest that the functionality of these systems may be modifiable through interventions using non-invasive brain stimulation such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). The translational potential of these rTMS interventions is clear: memory problems are the most common cognitive complaint associated with healthy aging, while pathological conditions such as Alzheimer's disease are often associated with severe deficits in memory. Therapies to improve memory or treat memory loss could enhance independence while reducing costs for public health systems. Despite this promise, several important factors limit the generalizability and translational potential of rTMS interventions for memory. Heterogeneity of protocol design, rTMS parameters, and outcome measures present significant challenges to interpretation and reproducibility. However, recent advances in cognitive neuroscience, including rTMS approaches and recent insights regarding functional brain networks, may offer methodological tools necessary to design new interventional studies with enhanced experimental rigor, improved reproducibility, and greater likelihood of successful translation to clinical settings. In this review, we first discuss the current state of the literature on memory modulation with rTMS, then offer a commentary on developments in cognitive neuroscience that are relevant to rTMS interventions, and finally close by offering several recommendations for the design of future investigations using rTMS to modulate human memory performance.
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41
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Solomon EA, Sperling MR, Sharan AD, Wanda PA, Levy DF, Lyalenko A, Pedisich I, Rizzuto DS, Kahana MJ. Theta-burst stimulation entrains frequency-specific oscillatory responses. Brain Stimul 2021; 14:1271-1284. [PMID: 34428553 PMCID: PMC9161680 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2021.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain stimulation has emerged as a powerful tool in human neuroscience, becoming integral to next-generation psychiatric and neurologic therapeutics. Theta-burst stimulation (TBS), in which electrical pulses are delivered in rhythmic bouts of 3-8 Hz, seeks to recapitulate neural activity seen endogenously during cognitive tasks. A growing literature suggests that TBS can be used to alter or enhance cognitive processes, but little is known about how these stimulation events influence underlying neural activity. OBJECTIVE Our study sought to investigate the effect of direct electrical TBS on mesoscale neural activity in humans by asking (1) whether TBS evokes persistent theta oscillations in cortical areas, (2) whether these oscillations occur at the stimulated frequency, and (3) whether stimulation events propagate in a manner consistent with underlying functional and structural brain architecture. METHODS We recruited 20 neurosurgical epilepsy patients with indwelling electrodes and delivered direct cortical TBS at varying locations and frequencies. Simultaneous iEEG was recorded from non-stimulated electrodes and analyzed to understand how TBS influences mesoscale neural activity. RESULTS We found that TBS rapidly evoked theta rhythms in widespread brain regions, preferentially at the stimulation frequency, and that these oscillations persisted for hundreds of milliseconds post stimulation offset. Furthermore, the functional connectivity between recording and stimulation sites predicted the strength of theta response, suggesting that underlying brain architecture guides the flow of stimulation through the brain. CONCLUSIONS By demonstrating that cortical TBS induces frequency-specific oscillatory responses, our results suggest this technology can be used to directly and predictably influence the activity of cognitively-relevant brain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan A Solomon
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia PA 19104, USA; University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychology, Philadelphia PA 19104, USA.
| | - Michael R Sperling
- Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Philadelphia PA 19107, USA
| | - Ashwini D Sharan
- Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Philadelphia PA 19107, USA
| | - Paul A Wanda
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychology, Philadelphia PA 19104, USA
| | - Deborah F Levy
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychology, Philadelphia PA 19104, USA
| | - Anastasia Lyalenko
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychology, Philadelphia PA 19104, USA
| | - Isaac Pedisich
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychology, Philadelphia PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniel S Rizzuto
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychology, Philadelphia PA 19104, USA; Nia Therapeutics Inc., Bala Cynwyd, PA 19004, USA
| | - Michael J Kahana
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychology, Philadelphia PA 19104, USA.
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Gann MA, King BR, Dolfen N, Veldman MP, Chan KL, Puts NAJ, Edden RAE, Davare M, Swinnen SP, Mantini D, Robertson EM, Albouy G. Hippocampal and striatal responses during motor learning are modulated by prefrontal cortex stimulation. Neuroimage 2021; 237:118158. [PMID: 33991699 PMCID: PMC8351752 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While it is widely accepted that motor sequence learning (MSL) is supported by a prefrontal-mediated interaction between hippocampal and striatal networks, it remains unknown whether the functional responses of these networks can be modulated in humans with targeted experimental interventions. The present proof-of-concept study employed a multimodal neuroimaging approach, including functional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and MR spectroscopy, to investigate whether individually-tailored theta-burst stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex can modulate responses in the hippocampus and the basal ganglia during motor learning. Our results indicate that while stimulation did not modulate motor performance nor task-related brain activity, it influenced connectivity patterns within hippocampo-frontal and striatal networks. Stimulation also altered the relationship between the levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the stimulated prefrontal cortex and learning-related changes in both activity and connectivity in fronto-striato-hippocampal networks. This study provides the first experimental evidence, to the best of our knowledge, that brain stimulation can alter motor learning-related functional responses in the striatum and hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike A Gann
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; LBI - KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bradley R King
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; LBI - KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nina Dolfen
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; LBI - KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Menno P Veldman
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; LBI - KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kimberly L Chan
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Nicolaas A J Puts
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences and the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience; King's College London, SE5 8AF London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard A E Edden
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Marco Davare
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, UB8 3PN Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stephan P Swinnen
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; LBI - KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dante Mantini
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics Research Group, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, 30126 Venice, Italy
| | - Edwin M Robertson
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, G12 8QB Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Geneviève Albouy
- Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; LBI - KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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43
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Riddle J, Frohlich F. Targeting neural oscillations with transcranial alternating current stimulation. Brain Res 2021; 1765:147491. [PMID: 33887251 PMCID: PMC8206031 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neural oscillations at the network level synchronize activity between regions and temporal scales. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), the delivery of low-amplitude electric current to the scalp, provides a tool for investigating the causal role of neural oscillations in cognition. The parameter space for tACS is vast and optimization is required in terms of temporal and spatial targeting. We review emerging techniques and suggest novel approaches that capitalize on the non-sinusoidal and transient nature of neural oscillations and leverage the flexibility provided by a customizable electrode montage and electrical waveform. The customizability and safety profile of tACS make it a promising tool for precision intervention in psychiatric illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Riddle
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA; Carolina Center for Neurostimulation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Flavio Frohlich
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA; Carolina Center for Neurostimulation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA; Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA; Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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Cooper RA, Kurkela KA, Davis SW, Ritchey M. Mapping the organization and dynamics of the posterior medial network during movie watching. Neuroimage 2021; 236:118075. [PMID: 33910099 PMCID: PMC8290580 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain regions within a posterior medial network (PMN) are characterized by sensitivity to episodic tasks, and they also demonstrate strong functional connectivity as part of the default network. Despite its cohesive structure, delineating the intranetwork organization and functional diversity of the PMN is crucial for understanding its contributions to multidimensional event cognition. Here, we probed functional connectivity of the PMN during movie watching to identify its pattern of connections and subnetwork functions in a split-sample replication of 136 participants. Consistent with prior findings of default network fractionation, we identified distinct PMN subsystems: a Ventral PM subsystem (retrosplenial cortex, parahippocampal cortex, posterior angular gyrus) and a Dorsal PM subsystem (medial prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, precuneus, posterior cingulate cortex, anterior angular gyrus). Ventral and Dorsal PM subsystems were differentiated by functional connectivity with parahippocampal cortex and precuneus and integrated by retrosplenial cortex and posterior cingulate cortex, respectively. Finally, the distinction between PMN subsystems is functionally relevant: whereas both Dorsal and Ventral PM connectivity tracked the movie content, only Ventral PM connections increased in strength at event transitions and appeared sensitive to episodic memory. Overall, these findings reveal PMN functional pathways and the distinct functional roles of intranetwork subsystems during event cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose A Cooper
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boston College, United States.
| | - Kyle A Kurkela
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boston College, United States
| | - Simon W Davis
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Maureen Ritchey
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boston College, United States
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45
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Zhang BBB, Kan RLD, Woo TF, Chan CCH, Fong KNK, Kranz GS. Probing the effects of single-session iTBS on associative memory: A prospective, randomized, controlled cross-over study. Brain Stimul 2021; 14:924-926. [PMID: 34111602 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2021.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bella B B Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Rebecca L D Kan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Tsz-Fung Woo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Denmark; Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Chetwyn C H Chan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; University Research Facility in Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kenneth N K Fong
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Georg S Kranz
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
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46
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Jia Y, Xu L, Yang K, Zhang Y, Lv X, Zhu Z, Chen Z, Zhu Y, Wei L, Li X, Qian M, Shen Y, Hu W, Chen W. Precision Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over the Left Parietal Cortex Improves Memory in Alzheimer's Disease: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:693611. [PMID: 34267648 PMCID: PMC8276073 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.693611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We aim to study the effect of precision repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the left parietal cortex on the memory and cognitive function in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods Based on the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, the left parietal cortex site with the highest functional connectivity to the hippocampus was selected as the target of rTMS treatment. Sixty-nine AD patients were randomized to either rTMS or sham treatment (five sessions/week for a total of 10 sessions). The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), 12-Word Philadelphia Verbal Learning Test (PVLT), and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) were assessed at baseline and after the last session. Results After a 2-week treatment, compared to patients in the sham group, those in the rTMS group scored significantly higher on PVLT total score and its immediate recall subscale score. Moreover, in the rTMS group, there were significant improvements after the 2-week treatment, which were manifested in MMSE total score and its time orientation and recall subscale scores, as well as PVLT total score and its immediate recall and short delay recall subscale scores. In the sham group, the PVLT total score was significantly improved. Conclusion The target site of the left parietal cortex can improve AD patients’ cognitive function, especially memory, providing a potential therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Jia
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luoyi Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kehua Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingchun Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinghui Lv
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenwei Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheli Chen
- Third People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, China
| | | | - Lili Wei
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mincai Qian
- Third People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, China
| | - Yuedi Shen
- School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiming Hu
- The Third Hospital of Quzhou, Quzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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47
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Abdollahpour Ranjbar H, Parhoon H, Mohammadkhani S, Munawar K, Moradi A, Jobson L. Investigating cognitive control and cognitive emotion regulation in Iranian depressed women with suicidal ideation or suicide attempts. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2021; 51:586-595. [PMID: 33565166 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study compared cognitive control (working memory, interference control, perseveration) and cognitive emotion regulation among Iranian women with depression who had attempted suicide, had only suicidal ideation, and healthy controls. METHOD Participants (N = 75) completed a clinical interview, cognitive control tasks, and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. RESULTS Those with suicidal ideation or previous attempts had poorer cognitive control and cognitive emotion regulation than controls. Furthermore, those who had attempted suicide had poorer cognitive control and reported greater use of self-blame, rumination, and catastrophizing, and less use of acceptance, than those with suicidal ideation only. There was an indirect effect of cognitive control deficits on suicidality through cognitive emotion regulation (self-blame, acceptance, rumination, catastrophizing). CONCLUSIONS Exploring these cognitive deficits and difficulties can assist in further understanding the risk factors for suicidality and improve targeted interventions. This is of particular relevance in Iran where the need for policies and interventions targeting the prevention of suicide has been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hadi Parhoon
- Department of Psychology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Khadeeja Munawar
- Department of Psychology, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - AliReza Moradi
- Kharazmi University and Institute for Cognitive Sciences Studies, Tehran, Iran
| | - Laura Jobson
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University Australia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Freedberg M, Cunningham CA, Fioriti CM, Murillo J, Reeves JA, Taylor PA, Sarlls JE, Wassermann EM. Multiple parietal pathways are associated with rTMS-induced hippocampal network enhancement and episodic memory changes. Neuroimage 2021; 237:118199. [PMID: 34033914 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the inferior parietal cortex (IPC) increases resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the hippocampus with the precuneus and other posterior cortical areas and causes proportional improvement of episodic memory. The anatomical pathway(s) responsible for the propagation of these effects from the IPC is unknown and may not be direct. In order to assess the relative contributions of candidate pathways from the IPC to the MTL via the parahippocampal cortex and precuneus, to the effects of rTMS on rsFC and memory improvement, we used diffusion tensor imaging to measure the extent to which individual differences in fractional anisotropy (FA) in these pathways accounted for individual differences in response. FA in the IPC-parahippocampal pathway and several MTL pathways predicted changes in rsFC. FA in both parahippocampal and hippocampal pathways was related to changes in episodic, but not procedural, memory. These results implicate pathways to the MTL in the enhancing effect of parietal rTMS on hippocampal rsFC and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Freedberg
- Behavioral Neurology Unit, NINDS, 9000 Rockville Pike, 10 Center Drive, Rm. 7-5659, Bethesda 20892, MD, USA.
| | - Catherine A Cunningham
- Behavioral Neurology Unit, NINDS, 9000 Rockville Pike, 10 Center Drive, Rm. 7-5659, Bethesda 20892, MD, USA
| | - Cynthia M Fioriti
- Behavioral Neurology Unit, NINDS, 9000 Rockville Pike, 10 Center Drive, Rm. 7-5659, Bethesda 20892, MD, USA.
| | - Jorge Murillo
- Behavioral Neurology Unit, NINDS, 9000 Rockville Pike, 10 Center Drive, Rm. 7-5659, Bethesda 20892, MD, USA.
| | - Jack A Reeves
- Behavioral Neurology Unit, NINDS, 9000 Rockville Pike, 10 Center Drive, Rm. 7-5659, Bethesda 20892, MD, USA.
| | - Paul A Taylor
- Scientific and Statistical Computing Core, NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | | | - Eric M Wassermann
- Behavioral Neurology Unit, NINDS, 9000 Rockville Pike, 10 Center Drive, Rm. 7-5659, Bethesda 20892, MD, USA.
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49
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Meng A, Kaiser M, de Graaf TA, Dücker F, Sack AT, De Weerd P, van de Ven V. Transcranial alternating current stimulation at theta frequency to left parietal cortex impairs associative, but not perceptual, memory encoding. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2021; 182:107444. [PMID: 33895350 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Neural oscillations in the theta range (4-8 Hz) are thought to underlie associative memory function in the hippocampal-cortical network. While there is ample evidence supporting a role of theta oscillations in animal and human memory, most evidence is correlational. Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) can be employed to modulate cortical oscillatory activity to influence brain activity, and possibly modulate deeper brain regions, such as hippocampus, through strong and reliable cortico-hippocampal functional connections. We applied focal transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) at 6 Hz over left parietal cortex to modulate brain activity in the putative cortico-hippocampal network to influence associative memory encoding. After encoding and brain stimulation, participants completed an associative memory and a perceptual recognition task. Results showed that theta tACS significantly decreased associative memory performance but did not affect perceptual memory performance. These results show that parietal theta tACS modulates associative processing separately from perceptual processing, and further substantiate the hypothesis that theta oscillations are implicated in the cortico-hippocampal network and associative encoding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Meng
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Max Kaiser
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Tom A de Graaf
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; Maastricht Brain Imaging Center (MBIC), Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Felix Dücker
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; Maastricht Brain Imaging Center (MBIC), Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Alexander T Sack
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; Maastricht Brain Imaging Center (MBIC), Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Peter De Weerd
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; Maastricht Brain Imaging Center (MBIC), Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent van de Ven
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; Maastricht Brain Imaging Center (MBIC), Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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50
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Hebscher M, Kragel JE, Kahnt T, Voss JL. Enhanced reinstatement of naturalistic event memories due to hippocampal-network-targeted stimulation. Curr Biol 2021; 31:1428-1437.e5. [PMID: 33545044 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Episodic memory involves the reinstatement of distributed patterns of brain activity present when events were initially experienced. The hippocampus is thought to coordinate reinstatement via its interactions with a network of brain regions, but this hypothesis has not been causally tested in humans. The current study directly tested the involvement of the hippocampal network in reinstatement using network-targeted noninvasive stimulation. We measured reinstatement of multi-voxel patterns of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activity during encoding and retrieval of naturalistic video clips depicting everyday activities. Reinstatement of video-specific activity patterns was robust in posterior parietal and occipital areas previously implicated in event reinstatement. Theta-burst stimulation targeting the hippocampal network increased video-specific reinstatement of fMRI activity patterns in occipital cortex and improved memory accuracy relative to stimulation of a control out-of-network location. Furthermore, stimulation targeting the hippocampal network influenced the trial-by-trial relationship between hippocampal activity during encoding and later reinstatement in occipital cortex. These findings implicate the hippocampal network in the reinstatement of spatially distributed patterns of event-specific activity and identify a role for the hippocampus in encoding complex naturalistic events that later undergo cortical reinstatement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Hebscher
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - James E Kragel
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Thorsten Kahnt
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 320 E. Superior Street, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 446 E. Ontario Street, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Psychology, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, 2029 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Joel L Voss
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 320 E. Superior Street, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 446 E. Ontario Street, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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