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Burgess JK, Gosens R. Mechanotransduction and the extracellular matrix: Key drivers of lung pathologies and drug responsiveness. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 228:116255. [PMID: 38705536 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The lung is a biomechanically active organ, with multiscale mechanical forces impacting the organ, tissue and cellular responses within this microenvironment. In chronic lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis and others, the structure of the lung is drastically altered impeding gas exchange. These changes are, in part, reflected in alterations in the composition, amount and organization of the extracellular matrix within the different lung compartments. The transmission of mechanical forces within lung tissue are broadcast by this complex mix of extracellular matrix components, in particular the collagens, elastin and proteoglycans and the crosslinking of these components. At both a macro and a micro level, the mechanical properties of the microenvironment have a key regulatory role in ascertaining cellular responses and the function of the lung. Cells adhere to, and receive signals from, the extracellular matrix through a number of different surface receptors and complexes which are important for mechanotransduction. This review summarizes the multiscale mechanics in the lung and how the mechanical environment changes in lung disease and aging. We then examine the role of mechanotransduction in driving cell signaling events in lung diseases and finish with a future perspective of the need to consider how such forces may impact pharmacological responsiveness in lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janette K Burgess
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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2
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Pan H, Zhao Z, Zhu Y, Gao Y, Ruan H, Huang Y, Chi P, Huang S. Combining proteomics and Phosphoproteomics to investigate radiation-induced rectal fibrosis in rats and the effects of pSTAT3 inhibitor S3I-201 on human intestinal fibroblasts. J Proteomics 2024; 308:105287. [PMID: 39173903 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2024.105287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the regulatory mechanisms of radiation-induced rectal fibrosis (RIRF) and assess the therapeutic potential of S3I-201. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control and radiation groups, with the latter exposed to 20 Gray pelvic X-rays. After 10 weeks, rectal tissues were analyzed using tandem mass tag (TMT) proteomics and phosphoproteomics. Pathway enrichment was performed via Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses, with secondary annotation using Cluego. Representative proteins and their phosphorylated counterparts were validated through immunoblotting in another cohort. STAT3 levels in rectal tissues from irradiated and non-irradiated colorectal cancer patients were examined, and the effects of S3I-201 on human rectal fibroblasts were evaluated. RESULTS The radiation group showed significant inflammatory responses and collagen deposition in the rat rectal walls. Enrichment analysis revealed that radiation-induced proteins and phosphoproteins were primarily involved in extracellular matrix-receptor interaction and the MAPK signaling pathway. Immunoblotting indicated increased expression of p-CAMKII, p-MRACKS, p-Cfl1, p-Myl9, and p-STAT3 in the radiation group compared to the control, while p-AKT1 expression decreased. Elevated phosphorylation of STAT3 was observed in submucosal fibroblasts of the post-radiation human rectum. S3I-201 specifically inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation and suppressed activation of human rectal fibroblasts, also inhibiting the pro-fibrotic effects of the classical TGF-β/Smad/CTGF pathway. CONCLUSION By integrating phosphoproteomics and proteomics, this study elucidated the protein regulatory network of RIRF and identified the potential therapeutic targets, including phosphoproteins such as STAT3 in managing RIRF. SIGNIFICANCE In our research, we employed TMT labeling alongside LC-MS/MS techniques to comprehensively explore the proteomic and phosphoproteomic landscapes in rat models of radiation-induced intestinal fibrosis (RIRF). Our analysis revealed the function and pathways of proteins and phosphorylated proteins triggered by radiation, as well as those with protective roles. We mapped a network of interactions among these proteins and validated key protein expression levels using quantitative methods. Furthermore, we investigated STAT3 as a potential therapeutic target, assessing the efficacy of the inhibitor S3I-201 in laboratory settings, and highlighting its potential for RIRF treatment. Overall, our findings provide groundbreaking insights into the mechanisms underlying RIRF, paving the way for the development of future antifibrotic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfeng Pan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China; Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zeyi Zhao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China; Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuanchang Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China; Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yihuang Gao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China; Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haoyang Ruan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China; Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China; Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Pan Chi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China; Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Shenghui Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China; Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
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Jackson-Litteken CD, Di Venanzio G, Janet-Maitre M, Castro ÍA, Mackel JJ, Rosen DA, López CB, Feldman MF. A chronic murine model of pulmonary Acinetobacter baumannii infection enabling the investigation of late virulence factors, long-term antibiotic treatments, and polymicrobial infections. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.17.613469. [PMID: 39345519 PMCID: PMC11429896 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.17.613469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii can cause prolonged infections that disproportionately affect immunocompromised populations. Our understanding of A. baumannii respiratory pathogenesis relies on an acute murine infection model with limited clinical relevance that employs an unnaturally high number of bacteria and requires the assessment of bacterial load at 24-36 hours post-infection. Here, we demonstrate that low intranasal inoculums in immunocompromised mice with a tlr4 mutation leads to reduced inflammation, allowing for persistent infections lasting at least 3 weeks. Using this "chronic infection model," we determined the adhesin InvL is an imperative virulence factor required during later stages of infection, despite being dispensable in the early phase. We also demonstrate that the chronic model enables the distinction between antibiotics that, although initially reduce bacterial burden, either lead to complete clearance or result in the formation of bacterial persisters. To illustrate how our model can be applied to study polymicrobial infections, we inoculated mice with an active A. baumannii infection with Staphylococcus aureus or Klebsiella pneumoniae. We found that S. aureus exacerbates the infection, while K. pneumoniae enhances A. baumannii clearance. In all, the chronic model overcomes some limitations of the acute pulmonary model, expanding our capabilities to study of A. baumannii pathogenesis and lays the groundwork for the development of similar models for other important opportunistic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clay D Jackson-Litteken
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Gisela Di Venanzio
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Manon Janet-Maitre
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ítalo A Castro
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
- Center for Women's Infectious Diseases Research, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Joseph J Mackel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - David A Rosen
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Carolina B López
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
- Center for Women's Infectious Diseases Research, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Mario F Feldman
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
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4
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Bell JA, Davies ER, Brereton CJ, Vukmirovic M, Roberts JJW, Lunn K, Wickens L, Conforti F, Ridley RA, Ceccato J, Sayer LN, Johnston DA, Vallejo AF, Alzetani A, Jogai S, Marshall BG, Fabre A, Richeldi L, Monk PD, Skipp P, Kaminski N, Offer E, Wang Y, Davies DE, Jones MG. Spatial transcriptomic validation of a biomimetic model of fibrosis enables re-evaluation of a therapeutic antibody targeting LOXL2. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101695. [PMID: 39173635 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Matrix stiffening by lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2)-mediated collagen cross-linking is proposed as a core feedforward mechanism that promotes fibrogenesis. Failure in clinical trials of simtuzumab (the humanized version of AB0023, a monoclonal antibody against human LOXL2) suggested that targeting LOXL2 may not have disease relevance; however, target engagement was not directly evaluated. We compare the spatial transcriptome of active human lung fibrogenesis sites with different human cell culture models to identify a disease-relevant model. Within the selected model, we then evaluate AB0023, identifying that it does not inhibit collagen cross-linking or reduce tissue stiffness, nor does it inhibit LOXL2 catalytic activity. In contrast, it does potently inhibit angiogenesis consistent with an alternative, non-enzymatic mechanism of action. Thus, AB0023 is anti-angiogenic but does not inhibit LOXL2 catalytic activity, collagen cross-linking, or tissue stiffening. These findings have implications for the interpretation of the lack of efficacy of simtuzumab in clinical trials of fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Bell
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK
| | - Elizabeth R Davies
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK; Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, UK
| | - Christopher J Brereton
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK
| | - Milica Vukmirovic
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Leanne Wickens
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, UK
| | - Franco Conforti
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK
| | - Robert A Ridley
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK
| | - Jessica Ceccato
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lucy N Sayer
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK
| | - David A Johnston
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Andres F Vallejo
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK
| | - Aiman Alzetani
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK; University Hospital Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK
| | - Sanjay Jogai
- University Hospital Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK
| | - Ben G Marshall
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK; University Hospital Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK
| | - Aurelie Fabre
- Department of Histopathology, St. Vincent's University Hospital & UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Luca Richeldi
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK; Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paul Skipp
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK; Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, UK; University Hospital Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Emily Offer
- Medicines Discovery Catapult, Alderley Edge, UK
| | - Yihua Wang
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK; Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, UK; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, UK
| | - Donna E Davies
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, UK
| | - Mark G Jones
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, SO16 6YD Southampton, UK; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, UK.
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Rijns L, Rutten MGTA, Vrehen AF, Aldana AA, Baker MB, Dankers PYW. Mimicking the extracellular world: from natural to fully synthetic matrices utilizing supramolecular biomaterials. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:16290-16312. [PMID: 39161293 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr02088j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) has evolved around complex covalent and non-covalent interactions to create impressive function-from cellular signaling to constant remodeling. A major challenge in the biomedical field is the de novo design and control of synthetic ECMs for applications ranging from tissue engineering to neuromodulation to bioelectronics. As we move towards recreating the ECM's complexity in hydrogels, the field has taken several approaches to recapitulate the main important features of the native ECM (i.e. mechanical, bioactive and dynamic properties). In this review, we first describe the wide variety of hydrogel systems that are currently used, ranging from fully natural to completely synthetic to hybrid versions, highlighting the advantages and limitations of each class. Then, we shift towards supramolecular hydrogels that show great potential for their use as ECM mimics due to their biomimetic hierarchical structure, inherent (controllable) dynamic properties and their modular design, allowing for precise control over their mechanical and biochemical properties. In order to make the next step in the complexity of synthetic ECM-mimetic hydrogels, we must leverage the supramolecular self-assembly seen in the native ECM; we therefore propose to use supramolecular monomers to create larger, hierarchical, co-assembled hydrogels with complex and synergistic mechanical, bioactive and dynamic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rijns
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Martin G T A Rutten
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Annika F Vrehen
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ana A Aldana
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew B Baker
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Y W Dankers
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Kuşoğlu A, Örnek D, Dansık A, Uzun C, Nur Özkan S, Sarıca S, Yangın K, Özdinç Ş, Sorhun DT, Solcan N, Doğanalp EC, Arlov Ø, Cunningham K, Karaoğlu IC, Kizilel S, Solaroğlu I, Bulutay P, Fırat P, Erus S, Tanju S, Dilege Ş, Vunjak‐Novakovic G, Tuncbag N, Öztürk E. Extracellular Matrix Sulfation in the Tumor Microenvironment Stimulates Cancer Stemness and Invasiveness. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309966. [PMID: 39083319 PMCID: PMC11423251 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Tumor extracellular matrices (ECM) exhibit aberrant changes in composition and mechanics compared to normal tissues. Proteoglycans (PG) are vital regulators of cellular signaling in the ECM with the ability to modulate receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) activation via their sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) side chains. However, their role on tumor cell behavior is controversial. Here, it is demonstrated that PGs are heavily expressed in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients in correlation with invasive phenotype and poor prognosis. A bioengineered human lung tumor model that recapitulates the increase of sGAGs in tumors in an organotypic matrix with independent control of stiffness, viscoelasticity, ligand density, and porosity, is developed. This model reveals that increased sulfation stimulates extensive proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and stemness in cancer cells. The focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling axis is identified as a mediator of sulfation-induced molecular changes in cells upon activation of a distinct set of RTKs within tumor-mimetic hydrogels. The study shows that the transcriptomic landscape of tumor cells in response to increased sulfation resembles native PG-rich patient tumors by employing integrative omics and network modeling approaches.
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Antczak LAM, Moore KN, Hendrick TE, Heise RL. Binary fabrication of decellularized lung extracellular matrix hybridgels for in vitro chronic obstructive pulmonary disease modeling. Acta Biomater 2024; 185:190-202. [PMID: 39059731 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Limited treatments and a lack of appropriate animal models have spurred the study of scaffolds to mimic lung disease in vitro. Decellularized human lung and its application in extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogels has advanced the development of these lung ECM models. Controlling the biochemical and mechanical properties of decellularized ECM hydrogels continues to be of interest due to inherent discrepancies of hydrogels when compared to their source tissue. To optimize the physiologic relevance of ECM hydrogel lung models without sacrificing the native composition we engineered a binary fabrication system to produce a Hybridgel composed of an ECM hydrogel reinforced with an ECM cryogel. Further, we compared the effect of ECM-altering disease on the properties of the gels using elastin poor Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) vs non-diseased (ND) human lung source tissue. Nanoindentation confirmed the significant loss of elasticity in hydrogels compared to that of ND human lung and further demonstrated the recovery of elastic moduli in ECM cryogels and Hybridgels. These findings were supported by similar observations in diseased tissue and gels. Successful cell encapsulation, distribution, cytotoxicity, and infiltration were observed and characterized via confocal microscopy. Cells were uniformly distributed throughout the Hybridgel and capable of survival for 7 days. Cell-laden ECM hybridgels were found to have elasticity similar to that of ND human lung. Compositional investigation into diseased and ND gels indicated the conservation of disease-specific elastin to collagen ratios. In brief, we have engineered a composited ECM hybridgel for the 3D study of cell-matrix interactions of varying lung disease states that optimizes the application of decellularized lung ECM materials to more closely mimic the human lung while conserving the compositional bioactivity of the native ECM. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The lack of an appropriate disease model for the study of chronic lung diseases continues to severely inhibit the advancement of treatments and preventions of these otherwise fatal illnesses due to the inability to recapture the biocomplexity of pathologic cell-ECM interactions. Engineering biomaterials that utilize decellularized lungs offers an opportunity to deconstruct, understand, and rebuild models that highlight and investigate how disease specific characteristics of the extracellular environment are involved in driving disease progression. We have advanced this space by designing a binary fabrication system for a ECM Hybridgel that retains properties from its source material required to observe native matrix interactions. This design simulates a 3D lung environment that is both mechanically elastic and compositionally relevant when derived from non-diseased tissue and pathologically diminished both mechanically and compositionally when derived from COPD tissue. Here we describe the ECM hybridgel as a model for the study of cell-ECM interactions involved in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh-Ann M Antczak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Karah N Moore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Taylor E Hendrick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Rebecca L Heise
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA.
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8
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Ma J, Wu C, Xu J. The Development of Lung Tissue Engineering: From Biomaterials to Multicellular Systems. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401025. [PMID: 39206615 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The challenge of the treatment of end-stage lung disease poses an urgent clinical demand for lung tissue engineering. Over the past few years, various lung tissue-engineered constructs are developed for lung tissue regeneration and respiratory pathology study. In this review, an overview of recent achievements in the field of lung tissue engineering is proposed. The introduction of lung structure and lung injury are stated briefly at first. After that, the lung tissue-engineered constructs are categorized into three types: acellular, monocellular, and multicellular systems. The different bioengineered constructs included in each system that can be applied to the reconstruction of the trachea, airway epithelium, alveoli, and even whole lung are described in detail, followed by the highlight of relevant representative research. Finally, the challenges and future directions of biomaterials, manufacturing technologies, and cells involved in lung tissue engineering are discussed. Overall, this review can provide referable ideas for the realization of functional lung regeneration and permanent lung substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingge Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Chengtie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jinfu Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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Lancaster L, Cottin V, Ramaswamy M, Wuyts WA, Jenkins RG, Scholand MB, Kreuter M, Valenzuela C, Ryerson CJ, Goldin J, Kim GHJ, Jurek M, Decaris M, Clark A, Turner S, Barnes CN, Achneck HE, Cosgrove GP, Lefebvre ÉA, Flaherty KR. Bexotegrast in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: The INTEGRIS-IPF Clinical Trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 210:424-434. [PMID: 38843105 PMCID: PMC11351797 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202403-0636oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare and progressive disease that causes progressive cough, exertional dyspnea, impaired quality of life, and death. Objectives: Bexotegrast (PLN-74809) is an oral, once-daily, investigational drug in development for the treatment of IPF. Methods: This Phase-2a multicenter, clinical trial randomized participants with IPF to receive, orally and once daily, bexotegrast at 40 mg, 80 mg, 160 mg, or 320 mg, or placebo, with or without background IPF therapy (pirfenidone or nintedanib), in an approximately 3:1 ratio in each bexotegrast dose cohort, for at least 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). Exploratory efficacy endpoints included change from baseline in FVC, quantitative lung fibrosis (QLF) extent (%), and changes from baseline in fibrosis-related biomarkers. Measurements and Main Results: Bexotegrast was well tolerated, with similar rates of TEAEs in the pooled bexotegrast and placebo groups (62/89 [69.7%] and 21/31 [67.7%], respectively). Diarrhea was the most common TEAE; most participants with diarrhea also received nintedanib. Participants who were treated with bexotegrast experienced a reduction in FVC decline over 12 weeks compared with those who received placebo, with or without background therapy. A dose-dependent antifibrotic effect of bexotegrast was observed with QLF imaging, and a decrease in fibrosis-associated biomarkers was observed with bexotegrast versus placebo. Conclusions: Bexotegrast demonstrated a favorable safety and tolerability profile, up to 12 weeks for the doses studied. Exploratory analyses suggest an antifibrotic effect according to FVC, QLF imaging, and circulating levels of fibrosis biomarkers. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04396756).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Lancaster
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Vincent Cottin
- National Reference Centre for Rare Pulmonary Diseases (Orphalung), Louis Pradel Hospital, ERN-LUNG, Lyon, France
- Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, UMR754, INRAE, Lyon, France
| | | | - Wim A. Wuyts
- Department of Pneumology, Unit for Interstitial Lung Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - R. Gisli Jenkins
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Beth Scholand
- Division of Respiratory, Critical Care, and Occupational Pulmonary Medicine, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Michael Kreuter
- Pneumology Department, Mainz Lung Center, Mainz University Medical Center and Marienhaus Clinic Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Claudia Valenzuela
- ILD Unit, Pulmonology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christopher J. Ryerson
- Department of Medicine and Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jonathan Goldin
- Department of Radiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California
- MedQIA LLC, Los Angeles, California
| | - Grace Hyun J. Kim
- Department of Radiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California
- MedQIA LLC, Los Angeles, California
| | - Marzena Jurek
- Pliant Therapeutics, Inc., South San Francisco, California; and
| | - Martin Decaris
- Pliant Therapeutics, Inc., South San Francisco, California; and
| | - Annie Clark
- Pliant Therapeutics, Inc., South San Francisco, California; and
| | - Scott Turner
- Pliant Therapeutics, Inc., South San Francisco, California; and
| | - Chris N. Barnes
- Pliant Therapeutics, Inc., South San Francisco, California; and
| | | | | | | | - Kevin R. Flaherty
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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10
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Fernandez Davila JG, Singh AK, Moore DW, Kim J, Khan JA, Lemma M, King CS, Nathan SD, Rodriguez LR, Grant GM, Moran JL. Pulmonary matrix-derived hydrogels from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis induce a proinflammatory state in lung fibroblasts in vitro. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar114. [PMID: 38985514 PMCID: PMC11321034 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-11-0428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), one of the most common forms of interstitial lung disease, is a poorly understood, chronic, and often fatal fibroproliferative condition with only two FDA-approved medications. Understanding the pathobiology of the fibroblast in IPF is critical to evaluating and discovering novel therapeutics. Using a decellularized lung matrix derived from patients with IPF, we generate three-dimensional hydrogels as in vitro models of lung physiology and characterize the phenotype of fibroblasts seeded into the hydrogels. When cultured in IPF extracellular matrix hydrogels, IPF fibroblasts display differential contractility compared with their normal counterparts, lose the classical myofibroblast marker α-smooth muscle actin, and increase expression of proinflammatory cytokines compared with fibroblasts seeded two-dimensionally on tissue culture dishes. We validate this proinflammatory state in fibroblast-conditioned media studies with monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages. These findings add to a growing understanding of the lung microenvironment effect on fibroblast phenotypes, shed light on the potential role of fibroblasts as immune signaling hubs during lung fibrosis, and suggest intervention in fibroblast-immune cell cross-talk as a possible novel therapeutic avenue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amit K. Singh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110
| | - Durwood W. Moore
- Department of Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110
| | - Joseph Kim
- Department of Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110
| | - Jawad A. Khan
- Department of Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110
| | - Merte Lemma
- Inova Advanced Lung Disease and Transplant Program, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, VA 22042
| | - Christopher S. King
- Inova Advanced Lung Disease and Transplant Program, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, VA 22042
| | - Steven D. Nathan
- Inova Advanced Lung Disease and Transplant Program, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, VA 22042
| | | | | | - Jeffrey L. Moran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110
- Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110
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11
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He A, He L, Chen T, Li X, Cao C. Biomechanical Properties and Cellular Responses in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:747. [PMID: 39199705 PMCID: PMC11351367 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11080747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a fatal lung disease affecting approximately 5 million people worldwide, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 50%. Currently, the only available treatments are palliative care and lung transplantation, as there is no curative drug for this condition. The disease involves the excessive synthesis of the extracellular matrix (ECM) due to alveolar epithelial cell damage, leading to scarring and stiffening of the lung tissue and ultimately causing respiratory failure. Although multiple factors contribute to the disease, the exact causes remain unclear. The mechanical properties of lung tissue, including elasticity, viscoelasticity, and surface tension, are not only affected by fibrosis but also contribute to its progression. This paper reviews the alteration in these mechanical properties as pulmonary fibrosis progresses and how cells in the lung, including alveolar epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and macrophages, respond to these changes, contributing to disease exacerbation. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of developing advanced in vitro models, based on hydrogels and 3D bioprinting, which can accurately replicate the mechanical and structural properties of fibrotic lungs and are conducive to studying the effects of mechanical stimuli on cellular responses. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of the interaction between the progression of pulmonary fibrosis and the alterations in mechanical properties, which could aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andong He
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Ningbo, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, 59 Liuting Road, Ningbo 315010, China
- Center for Medical and Engineering Innovation, Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Lizhe He
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Tianwei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xuejin Li
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Chao Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Ningbo, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, 59 Liuting Road, Ningbo 315010, China
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12
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Rijns L, Baker MB, Dankers PYW. Using Chemistry To Recreate the Complexity of the Extracellular Matrix: Guidelines for Supramolecular Hydrogel-Cell Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:17539-17558. [PMID: 38888174 PMCID: PMC11229007 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogels have emerged as a promising class of extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimicking materials in regenerative medicine. Here, we briefly describe current state-of-the-art of ECM-mimicking hydrogels, ranging from natural to hybrid to completely synthetic versions, giving the prelude to the importance of supramolecular interactions to make true ECM mimics. The potential of supramolecular interactions to create ECM mimics for cell culture is illustrated through a focus on two different supramolecular hydrogel systems, both developed in our laboratories. We use some recent, significant findings to present important design principles underlying the cell-material interaction. To achieve cell spreading, we propose that slow molecular dynamics (monomer exchange within fibers) is crucial to ensure the robust incorporation of cell adhesion ligands within supramolecular fibers. Slow bulk dynamics (stress-relaxation─fiber rearrangements, τ1/2 ≈ 1000 s) is required to achieve cell spreading in soft gels (<1 kPa), while gel stiffness overrules dynamics in stiffer gels. Importantly, this resonates with the findings of others which specialize in different material types: cell spreading is impaired in case substrate relaxation occurs faster than clutch binding and focal adhesion lifetime. We conclude with discussing considerations and limitations of the supramolecular approach as well as provide a forward thinking perspective to further understand supramolecular hydrogel-cell interactions. Future work may utilize the presented guidelines underlying cell-material interactions to not only arrive at the next generation of ECM-mimicking hydrogels but also advance other fields, such as bioelectronics, opening up new opportunities for innovative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rijns
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven
University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew B. Baker
- Department
of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired
Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department
of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology
Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht
University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Y. W. Dankers
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven
University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven
University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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13
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Song L, Li K, Chen H, Xie L. Cell Cross-Talk in Alveolar Microenvironment: From Lung Injury to Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 71:30-42. [PMID: 38579159 PMCID: PMC11225874 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0426tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Alveoli are complex microenvironments composed of various cell types, including epithelial, fibroblast, endothelial, and immune cells, which work together to maintain a delicate balance in the lung environment, ensuring proper growth, development, and an effective response to lung injuries. However, prolonged inflammation or aging can disrupt normal interactions among these cells, leading to impaired repair processes and a substantial decline in lung function. Therefore, it is essential to understand the key mechanisms underlying the interactions among the major cell types within the alveolar microenvironment. We explored the key mechanisms underlying the interactions among the major cell types within the alveolar microenvironment. These interactions occur through the secretion of signaling factors and play crucial roles in the response to injury, repair mechanisms, and the development of fibrosis in the lungs. Specifically, we focused on the regulation of alveolar type 2 cells by fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages. In addition, we explored the diverse phenotypes of fibroblasts at different stages of life and in response to lung injury, highlighting their impact on matrix production and immune functions. Furthermore, we summarize the various phenotypes of macrophages in lung injury and fibrosis as well as their intricate interplay with other cell types. This interplay can either contribute to the restoration of immune homeostasis in the alveoli or impede the repair process. Through a comprehensive exploration of these cell interactions, we aim to reveal new insights into the molecular mechanisms that drive lung injury toward fibrosis and identify potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licheng Song
- College of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 8th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; and
| | - Kuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Regenerative Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huaiyong Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Regenerative Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lixin Xie
- College of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 8th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; and
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14
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Laval PA, Piecyk M, Guen PL, Ilie MD, Marion A, Fauvre J, Coste I, Renno T, Aznar N, Hadji C, Migdal C, Duret C, Bertolino P, Ferraro-Peyret C, Nicolas A, Chaveroux C. Soft extracellular matrix drives endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent S quiescence underlying molecular traits of pulmonary basal cells. Acta Biomater 2024; 182:93-110. [PMID: 38788988 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Cell culture on soft matrix, either in 2D and 3D, preserves the characteristics of progenitors. However, the mechanism by which the mechanical microenvironment determines progenitor phenotype, and its relevance to human biology, remains poorly described. Here we designed multi-well hydrogel plates with a high degree of physico-chemical uniformity to reliably address the molecular mechanism underlying cell state modification driven by physiological stiffness. Cell cycle, differentiation and metabolic activity could be studied in parallel assays, showing that the soft environment promotes an atypical S-phase quiescence and prevents cell drift, while preserving the differentiation capacities of human bronchoepithelial cells. These softness-sensitive responses are associated with calcium leakage from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and defects in proteostasis and enhanced basal ER stress. The analysis of available single cell data of the human lung also showed that this non-conventional state coming from the soft extracellular environment is indeed consistent with molecular feature of pulmonary basal cells. Overall, this study demonstrates that mechanical mimicry in 2D culture supports allows to maintain progenitor cells in a state of high physiological relevance for characterizing the molecular events that govern progenitor biology in human tissues. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study focuses on the molecular mechanism behind the progenitor state induced by a soft environment. Using innovative hydrogel supports mimicking normal human lung stiffness, the data presented demonstrate that lung mechanics prevent drift while preserving the differentiation capabilities of lung epithelial cells. Furthermore, we show that the cells are positioned in a quiescent state in the atypical S phase. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that this quiescence: i) is driven by calcium leakage from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and basal activation of the PERK branch of ER stress signalling, and ii) protects cells from lethal ER stress caused by metabolic stress. Finally, we validate using human single-cell data that these molecular features identified on the soft matrix are found in basal lung cells. Our results reveal original and relevant molecular mechanisms orchestrating cell fate in a soft environment and resistance to exogenous stresses, thus providing new fundamental and clinical insights into basal cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Alexandre Laval
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Marie Piecyk
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Paul Le Guen
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Mirela-Diana Ilie
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Endocrinology Department, "C.I.Parhon" National Institute of Endocrinology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aubepart Marion
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Joelle Fauvre
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Isabelle Coste
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Toufic Renno
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Nicolas Aznar
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Cedric Duret
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Bertolino
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Carole Ferraro-Peyret
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Plateforme AURAGEN, Lyon, France
| | - Alice Nicolas
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA/LETI Minatec, Grenoble Institute of Technology, Laboratory of Technology of Microelectronics, Grenoble, France
| | - Cedric Chaveroux
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
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15
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Fallert L, Urigoitia-Asua A, Cipitria A, Jimenez de Aberasturi D. Dynamic 3D in vitro lung models: applications of inorganic nanoparticles for model development and characterization. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:10880-10900. [PMID: 38787741 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06672j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Being a vital organ exposed to the external environment, the lung is susceptible to a plethora of pathogens and pollutants. This is reflected in high incidences of chronic respiratory diseases, which remain a leading cause of mortality world-wide and pose a persistent global burden. It is thus of paramount importance to improve our understanding of these pathologies and provide better therapeutic options. This necessitates the development of representative and physiologically relevant in vitro models. Advances in bioengineering have enabled the development of sophisticated models that not only capture the three-dimensional architecture of the cellular environment but also incorporate the dynamics of local biophysical stimuli. However, such complex models also require novel approaches that provide reliable characterization. Within this review we explore how 3D bioprinting and nanoparticles can serve as multifaceted tools to develop such dynamic 4D printed in vitro lung models and facilitate their characterization in the context of pulmonary fibrosis and breast cancer lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Fallert
- Department of Hybrid Biofunctional Materials, CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
- Group of Bioengineering in Regeneration and Cancer, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ane Urigoitia-Asua
- Department of Hybrid Biofunctional Materials, CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- POLYMAT, Basque Centre for Macromolecular Design and Engineering, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Amaia Cipitria
- Group of Bioengineering in Regeneration and Cancer, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Dorleta Jimenez de Aberasturi
- Department of Hybrid Biofunctional Materials, CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN, ISCIII), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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16
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Tonelli R, Rizzoni R, Grasso S, Cortegiani A, Ball L, Samarelli AV, Fantini R, Bruzzi G, Tabbì L, Cerri S, Manicardi L, Andrisani D, Gozzi F, Castaniere I, Smit MR, Paulus F, Bos LDJ, Clini E, Marchioni A. Stress-strain curve and elastic behavior of the fibrotic lung with usual interstitial pneumonia pattern during protective mechanical ventilation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13158. [PMID: 38849437 PMCID: PMC11161630 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63670-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with acute exacerbation of lung fibrosis with usual interstitial pneumonia (EUIP) pattern are at increased risk for ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) and mortality when exposed to mechanical ventilation (MV). Yet, lack of a mechanical model describing UIP-lung deformation during MV represents a research gap. Aim of this study was to develop a constitutive mathematical model for UIP-lung deformation during lung protective MV based on the stress-strain behavior and the specific elastance of patients with EUIP as compared to that of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and healthy lung. Partitioned lung and chest wall mechanics were assessed for patients with EUIP and primary ARDS (1:1 matched based on body mass index and PaO2/FiO2 ratio) during a PEEP trial performed within 24 h from intubation. Patient's stress-strain curve and the lung specific elastance were computed and compared with those of healthy lungs, derived from literature. Respiratory mechanics were used to fit a novel mathematical model of the lung describing mechanical-inflation-induced lung parenchyma deformation, differentiating the contributions of elastin and collagen, the main components of lung extracellular matrix. Five patients with EUIP and 5 matched with primary ARDS were included and analyzed. Global strain was not different at low PEEP between the groups. Overall specific elastance was significantly higher in EUIP as compared to ARDS (28.9 [22.8-33.2] cmH2O versus 11.4 [10.3-14.6] cmH2O, respectively). Compared to ARDS and healthy lung, the stress/strain curve of EUIP showed a steeper increase, crossing the VILI threshold stress risk for strain values greater than 0.55. The contribution of elastin was prevalent at lower strains, while the contribution of collagen was prevalent at large strains. The stress/strain curve for collagen showed an upward shift passing from ARDS and healthy lungs to EUIP lungs. During MV, patients with EUIP showed different respiratory mechanics, stress-strain curve and specific elastance as compared to ARDS patients and healthy subjects and may experience VILI even when protective MV is applied. According to our mathematical model of lung deformation during mechanical inflation, the elastic response of UIP-lung is peculiar and different from ARDS. Our data suggest that patients with EUIP experience VILI with ventilatory setting that are lung-protective for patients with ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Tonelli
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Raffaella Rizzoni
- Department of Engineering, University of Ferrara, via Saragat 1, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Grasso
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione e Rigenerativa e Area Ionica (DiMePre-J) Sezione di Anestesiologia e Rianimazione, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Ospedale Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Cortegiani
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Science (Di.Chir.On.S.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency, Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, Palermo, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ball
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Valeria Samarelli
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Riccardo Fantini
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Bruzzi
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Tabbì
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefania Cerri
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Linda Manicardi
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Dario Andrisani
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Filippo Gozzi
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Ivana Castaniere
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marry R Smit
- Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frederique Paulus
- Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lieuwe D J Bos
- Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Enrico Clini
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Marchioni
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
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17
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Takahashi Y, Ito S, Wang J, Kim J, Matsumoto T, Maeda E. Novel air-liquid interface culture model to investigate stiffness-dependent behaviors of alveolar epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 708:149791. [PMID: 38518719 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary alveoli are functional units in gas exchange in the lung, and their dysfunctions in lung diseases such as interstitial pneumonia are accompanied by fibrotic changes in structure, elevating the stiffness of extracellular matrix components. The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that such changes in alveoli stiffness induce functional alteration of epithelial cell functions, exacerbating lung diseases. For this, we have developed a novel method of culturing alveolar epithelial cells on polyacrylamide gel with different elastic modulus at an air-liquid interface. It was demonstrated that A549 cells on soft gels, mimicking the modulus of a healthy lung, upregulated mRNA expression and protein synthesis of surfactant protein C (SFTPC). By contrast, the cells on stiff gels, mimicking the modulus of the fibrotic lung, exhibited upregulation of SFTPC gene expression but not at the protein level. Cell morphology, as well as cell nucleus volume, were also different between the two types of gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Takahashi
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Satoru Ito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Jungfeng Wang
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Jeonghyun Kim
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takeo Matsumoto
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Eijiro Maeda
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
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18
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Burgess JK, Weiss DJ, Westergren-Thorsson G, Wigen J, Dean CH, Mumby S, Bush A, Adcock IM. Extracellular Matrix as a Driver of Chronic Lung Diseases. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 70:239-246. [PMID: 38190723 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0176ps] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is not just a three-dimensional scaffold that provides stable support for all cells in the lungs, but also an important component of chronic fibrotic airway, vascular, and interstitial diseases. It is a bioactive entity that is dynamically modulated during tissue homeostasis and disease, that controls structural and immune cell functions and drug responses, and that can release fragments that have biological activity and that can be used to monitor disease activity. There is a growing recognition of the importance of considering ECM changes in chronic airway, vascular, and interstitial diseases, including 1) compositional changes, 2) structural and organizational changes, and 3) mechanical changes and how these affect disease pathogenesis. As altered ECM biology is an important component of many lung diseases, disease models must incorporate this factor to fully recapitulate disease-driver pathways and to study potential novel therapeutic interventions. Although novel models are evolving that capture some or all of the elements of the altered ECM microenvironment in lung diseases, opportunities exist to more fully understand cell-ECM interactions that will help devise future therapeutic targets to restore function in chronic lung diseases. In this perspective article, we review evolving knowledge about the ECM's role in homeostasis and disease in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janette K Burgess
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, and
- W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel J Weiss
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | | | - Jenny Wigen
- Lung Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Charlotte H Dean
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Sharon Mumby
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Andrew Bush
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
- Centre for Pediatrics and Child Health, Imperial College and Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian M Adcock
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
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19
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Nizamoglu M, Alleblas F, Koster T, Borghuis T, Vonk JM, Thomas MJ, White ES, Watson CK, Timens W, El Kasmi KC, Melgert BN, Heijink IH, Burgess JK. Three dimensional fibrotic extracellular matrix directs microenvironment fiber remodeling by fibroblasts. Acta Biomater 2024; 177:118-131. [PMID: 38350556 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), for which effective treatments are limited, results in excessive and disorganized deposition of aberrant extracellular matrix (ECM). An altered ECM microenvironment is postulated to contribute to disease progression through inducing profibrotic behavior of lung fibroblasts, the main producers and regulators of ECM. Here, we examined this hypothesis in a 3D in vitro model system by growing primary human lung fibroblasts in ECM-derived hydrogels from non-fibrotic (control) or IPF lung tissue. Using this model, we compared how control and IPF lung-derived fibroblasts responded in control and fibrotic microenvironments in a combinatorial manner. Culture of fibroblasts in fibrotic hydrogels did not alter in the overall amount of collagen or glycosaminoglycans but did cause a drastic change in fiber organization compared to culture in control hydrogels. High-density collagen percentage was increased by control fibroblasts in IPF hydrogels at day 7, but decreased at day 14. In contrast, IPF fibroblasts only decreased the high-density collagen percentage at day 14, which was accompanied by enhanced fiber alignment in IPF hydrogels. Similarly, stiffness of fibrotic hydrogels was increased only by control fibroblasts by day 14 while those of control hydrogels were not altered by fibroblasts. These data highlight how the ECM-remodeling responses of fibroblasts are influenced by the origin of both the cells and the ECM. Moreover, by showing how the 3D microenvironment plays a crucial role in directing cells, our study paves the way in guiding future investigations examining fibrotic processes with respect to ECM remodeling responses of fibroblasts. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, we investigated the influence of the altered extracellular matrix (ECM) in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), using a 3D in vitro model system composed of ECM-derived hydrogels from both IPF and control lungs, seeded with human IPF and control lung fibroblasts. While our results indicated that fibrotic microenvironment did not change the overall collagen or glycosaminoglycan content, it resulted in a dramatically alteration of fiber organization and mechanical properties. Control fibroblasts responded differently from IPF fibroblasts, highlighting the unique instructive role of the fibrotic ECM and the interplay with fibroblast origin. These results underscore the importance of 3D microenvironments in guiding pro-fibrotic responses, offering potential insights for future IPF therapies as well as other fibrotic diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Nizamoglu
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Frederique Alleblas
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Taco Koster
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Theo Borghuis
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Judith M Vonk
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Matthew J Thomas
- Immunology & Respiratory Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Eric S White
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, United States
| | - Carolin K Watson
- Immunology & Respiratory Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Wim Timens
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Karim C El Kasmi
- Immunology & Respiratory Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Barbro N Melgert
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Irene H Heijink
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Janette K Burgess
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science-FB41, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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20
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Jain N, Shashi Bhushan BL, Natarajan M, Mehta R, Saini DK, Chatterjee K. Advanced 3D In Vitro Lung Fibrosis Models: Contemporary Status, Clinical Uptake, and Prospective Outlooks. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:1235-1261. [PMID: 38335198 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis has been characterized as a global health problem and ranks as one of the primary causes of organ dysfunction. Currently, there is no cure for pulmonary fibrosis, and limited therapeutic options are available due to an inadequate understanding of the disease pathogenesis. The absence of advanced in vitro models replicating dynamic temporal changes observed in the tissue with the progression of the disease is a significant impediment in the development of novel antifibrotic treatments, which has motivated research on tissue-mimetic three-dimensional (3D) models. In this review, we summarize emerging trends in preparing advanced lung models to recapitulate biochemical and biomechanical processes associated with lung fibrogenesis. We begin by describing the importance of in vivo studies and highlighting the often poor correlation between preclinical research and clinical outcomes and the limitations of conventional cell culture in accurately simulating the 3D tissue microenvironment. Rapid advancement in biomaterials, biofabrication, biomicrofluidics, and related bioengineering techniques are enabling the preparation of in vitro models to reproduce the epithelium structure and operate as reliable drug screening strategies for precise prediction. Improving and understanding these model systems is necessary to find the cross-talks between growing cells and the stage at which myofibroblasts differentiate. These advanced models allow us to utilize the knowledge and identify, characterize, and hand pick medicines beneficial to the human community. The challenges of the current approaches, along with the opportunities for further research with potential for translation in this field, are presented toward developing novel treatments for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipun Jain
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, C.V Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012 India
| | - B L Shashi Bhushan
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Victoria Hospital, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore 560002 India
| | - M Natarajan
- Department of Pathology, Victoria Hospital, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore 560002 India
| | - Ravi Mehta
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care, Apollo Hospitals, Jayanagar, Bangalore 560011 India
| | - Deepak Kumar Saini
- Department of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, C.V Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Kaushik Chatterjee
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, C.V Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012 India
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21
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Vo Q, Carlson KA, Chiknas PM, Brocker CN, DaSilva L, Clark E, Park SK, Ajiboye AS, Wier EM, Benam KH. On-Chip Reconstitution of Uniformly Shear-Sensing 3D Matrix-embedded Multicellular Blood Microvessel. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2024; 34:2304630. [PMID: 38465199 PMCID: PMC10923530 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202304630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Preclinical human-relevant modeling of organ-specific vasculature offers a unique opportunity to recreate pathophysiological intercellular, tissue-tissue, and cell-matrix interactions for a broad range of applications. Here, we present a reliable, and simply reproducible process for constructing user-controlled long rounded extracellular matrix (ECM)-embedded vascular microlumens on-chip for endothelization and co-culture with stromal cells obtained from human lung. We demonstrate the critical impact of microchannel cross-sectional geometry and length on uniform distribution and magnitude of vascular wall shear stress, which is key when emulating in vivo-observed blood flow biomechanics in health and disease. In addition, we provide an optimization protocol for multicellular culture and functional validation of the system. Moreover, we show the ability to finely tune rheology of the three-dimensional natural matrix surrounding the vascular microchannel to match pathophysiological stiffness. In summary, we provide the scientific community with a matrix-embedded microvasculature on-chip populated with all-primary human-derived pulmonary endothelial cells and fibroblasts to recapitulate and interrogate lung parenchymal biology, physiological responses, vascular biomechanics, and disease biogenesis in vitro. Such a mix-and-match synthetic platform can be feasibly adapted to study blood vessels, matrix, and ECM-embedded cells in other organs and be cellularized with additional stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quoc Vo
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Kaely A. Carlson
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Peter M. Chiknas
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Chad N. Brocker
- Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Luis DaSilva
- Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Erica Clark
- Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Sang Ki Park
- Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - A. Seun Ajiboye
- Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Eric M. Wier
- Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Kambez H. Benam
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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He ZJ, Chu C, Dickson R, Okuda K, Cai LH. A gel-coated air-liquid-interface culture system with tunable substrate stiffness matching healthy and diseased lung tissues. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 326:L292-L302. [PMID: 38252871 PMCID: PMC11280679 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00153.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Since its invention in the late 1980s, the air-liquid-interface (ALI) culture system has been the standard in vitro model for studying human airway biology and pulmonary diseases. However, in a conventional ALI system, cells are cultured on a porous plastic membrane that is much stiffer than human airway tissues. Here, we develop a gel-ALI culture system by simply coating the plastic membrane with a thin layer of hydrogel with tunable stiffness matching that of healthy and fibrotic airway tissues. We determine the optimum gel thickness that does not impair the transport of nutrients and biomolecules essential to cell growth. We show that the gel-ALI system allows human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) to proliferate and differentiate into pseudostratified epithelium. Furthermore, we discover that HBECs migrate significantly faster on hydrogel substrates with stiffness matching that of fibrotic lung tissues, highlighting the importance of mechanical cues in human airway remodeling. The developed gel-ALI system provides a facile approach to studying the effects of mechanical cues in human airway biology and in modeling pulmonary diseases.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In a conventional ALI system, cells are cultured on a plastic membrane that is much stiffer than human airway tissues. We develop a gel-ALI system by coating the plastic membrane with a thin layer of hydrogel with tunable stiffness matching that of healthy and fibrotic airway tissues. We discover that human bronchial epithelial cells migrate significantly faster on hydrogel substrates with pathological stiffness, highlighting the importance of mechanical cues in human airway remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jian He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Catherine Chu
- Soft Biomatter Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Riley Dickson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Kenichi Okuda
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Li-Heng Cai
- Soft Biomatter Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
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23
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Vieujean S, Gillard R, Delanaye P, Seidel L, Bequet E, Salée C, Meuwis MA, Massot C, Pierre N, Meunier P, Cavalier E, Louis E. Matrix gla protein, a potential marker of tissue remodelling and physiological ageing of the gut in crohn's disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 2024; 59:296-303. [PMID: 38411457 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2023.2286913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inactive dephosphorylated and uncarboxylated form of the matrix Gla protein (dp-ucMGP) has been shown to be increased in plasma of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Our aim was to assess if the plasmatic level of dp-ucMGP could reflect disease endoscopic activity, presence of strictures and cumulative structural bowel damage in Crohn's disease (CD) patients. METHODS The plasmatic level of dp-ucMGP was measured in a monocentric cohort of prospectively recruited patients. The analysis was done by chemiluminescent immunoassay on blood samples collected the day of a planned ileocolonoscopy. In addition to classical clinical data (gender, age, body mass index (BMI), disease duration, current treatment), endoscopic data (disease location, Crohn's Disease Endoscopic Index of Severity (CDEIS), mucosal healing (MH), presence of 9 CD lesion types) and biological markers (faecal calprotectin and C-reactive protein (CRP)) were collected. The association between dp-ucMGP level and Lémann index was also investigated. Univariate linear regression was used to investigate the relationship between dp-ucMGP level and different parameters collected. RESULTS A total of 82 ileocolonoscopies and dp-ucMGP assays were performed in 75 CD patients (45 females; 37 ileocolonic, 19 ileal and 19 colonic diseases) between October 2012 and November 2019. A total of 24 patients (29.3%) showed MH. The dp-ucMGP levels were not associated with MH, CDEIS, faecal calprotectin or CRP levels. Plasmatic dp-ucMGP levels increased significantly with age (p = 0.0032), disease duration (p = 0.0033), corticosteroids use (p = 0.019) and tended to increase in patients with intestinal strictures (p = 0.086) but not with the Lémann index. CONCLUSION The significant increase of plasmatic dp-ucMGP levels with age, disease duration and the trend observed in patients with non-ulcerated strictures may suggest that this extracellular matrix protein could be a marker of tissue remodelling and physiological ageing of the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Vieujean
- Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, University Hospital CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, GIGA-Institute, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
| | - Romain Gillard
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre Delanaye
- Department of Dialysis-Nephrology-Transplantation, University Hospital CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Laurence Seidel
- Biostatistics and Medico-economic Information Department, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Emeline Bequet
- Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, GIGA-Institute, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Citadelle Hospital and University Hospital of Liège & University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Catherine Salée
- Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, GIGA-Institute, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marie-Alice Meuwis
- Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, University Hospital CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, GIGA-Institute, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Massot
- Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, University Hospital CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, GIGA-Institute, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Pierre
- Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, GIGA-Institute, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
| | - Paul Meunier
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Etienne Cavalier
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Edouard Louis
- Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, University Hospital CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, GIGA-Institute, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
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Surendran A, Huang C, Liu L. Circular RNAs and their roles in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Res 2024; 25:77. [PMID: 38321530 PMCID: PMC10848557 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02716-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal lung disease with limited treatment options. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as a novel class of non-coding RNAs with diverse functions in cellular processes. This review paper aims to explore the potential involvement of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of IPF and their diagnostic and therapeutic implications. We begin by providing an overview of the epidemiology and risk factors associated with IPF, followed by a discussion of the pathophysiology underlying this complex disease. Subsequently, we delve into the history, types, biogenesis, and functions of circRNAs and then emphasize their regulatory roles in the pathogenesis of IPF. Furthermore, we examine the current methodologies for detecting circRNAs and explore their diagnostic applications in IPF. Finally, we discuss the potential utility of circRNAs in the treatment of IPF. In conclusion, circRNAs hold great promise as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the management of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Surendran
- The Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 264 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Chaoqun Huang
- The Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 264 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Lin Liu
- The Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 264 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA.
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25
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Lee JU, Song KS, Hong J, Shin H, Park E, Baek J, Park S, Baek AR, Lee J, Jang AS, Kim DJ, Chin SS, Kim UJ, Jeong SH, Park SW. Role of lung ornithine aminotransferase in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: regulation of mitochondrial ROS generation and TGF-β1 activity. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:478-490. [PMID: 38413821 PMCID: PMC10907606 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01170-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by aberrant lung remodeling and the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. In a previous study, we found that the levels of ornithine aminotransferase (OAT), a principal enzyme in the proline metabolism pathway, were increased in the lungs of patients with IPF. However, the precise role played by OAT in the pathogenesis of IPF is not yet clear. The mechanism by which OAT affects fibrogenesis was assessed in vitro using OAT-overexpressing and OAT-knockdown lung fibroblasts. The therapeutic effects of OAT inhibition were assessed in the lungs of bleomycin-treated mice. OAT expression was increased in fibrotic areas, principally in interstitial fibroblasts, of lungs affected by IPF. OAT levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of IPF patients were inversely correlated with lung function. The survival rate was significantly lower in the group with an OAT level >75.659 ng/mL than in the group with an OAT level ≤75.659 ng/mL (HR, 29.53; p = 0.0008). OAT overexpression and knockdown increased and decreased ECM component production by lung fibroblasts, respectively. OAT knockdown also inhibited transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF)-β1 activity and TGF-β1 pathway signaling. OAT overexpression increased the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) by activating proline dehydrogenase. The OAT inhibitor L-canaline significantly attenuated bleomycin-induced lung injury and fibrosis. In conclusion, increased OAT levels in lungs affected by IPF contribute to the progression of fibrosis by promoting excessive mitochondrial ROS production, which in turn activates TGF-β1 signaling. OAT may be a useful target for treating patients with fibrotic lung diseases, including IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Uk Lee
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Ki Sung Song
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Jisu Hong
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Hyesun Shin
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Eunji Park
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Junyeong Baek
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Shinhee Park
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Ae-Rin Baek
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Junehyuk Lee
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - An Soo Jang
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Do Jin Kim
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Su Sie Chin
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - U-Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Environmental Health Center Kangwon National University, Gangwondaehakgil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Jeong
- Department of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Gachon University, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Park
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea.
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Sevinc Ozdemir N, Belyaev D, Castro MN, Balakin S, Opitz J, Wihadmadyatami H, Anggraeni R, Yucel D, Kenar H, Beshchasna N, Ana ID, Hasirci V. Advances in In Vitro Blood-Air Barrier Models and the Use of Nanoparticles in COVID-19 Research. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2024; 30:82-96. [PMID: 37597193 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2023.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory infections caused by coronaviruses (CoVs) have become a major public health concern in the past two decades as revealed by the emergence of SARS-CoV in 2002, MERS-CoV in 2012, and SARS-CoV-2 in 2019. The most severe clinical phenotypes commonly arise from exacerbation of immune response following the infection of alveolar epithelial cells localized at the pulmonary blood-air barrier. Preclinical rodent models do not adequately represent the essential genetic properties of the barrier, thus necessitating the use of humanized transgenic models. However, existing monolayer cell culture models have so far been unable to mimic the complex lung microenvironment. In this respect, air-liquid interface models, tissue engineered models, and organ-on-a-chip systems, which aim to better imitate the infection site microenvironment and microphysiology, are being developed to replace the commonly used monolayer cell culture models, and their use is becoming more widespread every day. On the contrary, studies on the development of nanoparticles (NPs) that mimic respiratory viruses, and those NPs used in therapy are progressing rapidly. The first part of this review describes in vitro models that mimic the blood-air barrier, the tissue interface that plays a central role in COVID-19 progression. In the second part of the review, NPs mimicking the virus and/or designed to carry therapeutic agents are explained and exemplified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neval Sevinc Ozdemir
- Acibadem University (ACU) Biomaterials A&R Center, Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, ACU Graduate School of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
- ACU Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dmitry Belyaev
- Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS, Maria-Reiche Straße 2, Dresden, Germany
| | - Manuel Nieto Castro
- Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS, Maria-Reiche Straße 2, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sascha Balakin
- Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS, Maria-Reiche Straße 2, Dresden, Germany
| | - Joerg Opitz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS, Maria-Reiche Straße 2, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hevi Wihadmadyatami
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Research Collaboration Center for Biomedical Scaffolds, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) and Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM), Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM), Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rahmi Anggraeni
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Research Collaboration Center for Biomedical Scaffolds, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) and Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM), Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Deniz Yucel
- Acibadem University (ACU) Biomaterials A&R Center, Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey
- ACU Graduate Department of Biomaterials, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Histology and Embryology, ACU School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Halime Kenar
- Acibadem University (ACU) Biomaterials A&R Center, Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey
- ACU Graduate Department of Biomaterials, Istanbul, Turkey
- ACU Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Natalia Beshchasna
- Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS, Maria-Reiche Straße 2, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ika Dewi Ana
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Research Collaboration Center for Biomedical Scaffolds, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) and Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM), Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Department of Dental Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM), Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Vasif Hasirci
- Acibadem University (ACU) Biomaterials A&R Center, Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey
- ACU Graduate Department of Biomaterials, Istanbul, Turkey
- ACU Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey
- BIOMATEN, METU Ctr. of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Ankara, Turkey
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Kolanko E, Cargnoni A, Papait A, Silini AR, Czekaj P, Parolini O. The evolution of in vitro models of lung fibrosis: promising prospects for drug discovery. Eur Respir Rev 2024; 33:230127. [PMID: 38232990 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0127-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung fibrosis is a complex process, with unknown underlying mechanisms, involving various triggers, diseases and stimuli. Different cell types (epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and macrophages) interact dynamically through multiple signalling pathways, including biochemical/molecular and mechanical signals, such as stiffness, affecting cell function and differentiation. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common fibrosing interstitial lung disease (fILD), characterised by a notably high mortality. Unfortunately, effective treatments for advanced fILD, and especially IPF and non-IPF progressive fibrosing phenotype ILD, are still lacking. The development of pharmacological therapies faces challenges due to limited knowledge of fibrosis pathogenesis and the absence of pre-clinical models accurately representing the complex features of the disease. To address these challenges, new model systems have been developed to enhance the translatability of preclinical drug testing and bridge the gap to human clinical trials. The use of two- and three-dimensional in vitro cultures derived from healthy or diseased individuals allows for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms responsible for lung fibrosis. Additionally, microfluidics systems, which replicate the respiratory system's physiology ex vivo, offer promising opportunities for the development of effective therapies, especially for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Kolanko
- Department of Cytophysiology, Katowice Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Anna Cargnoni
- Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Brescia, Italy
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Andrea Papait
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Department Life Sciences and Public Health, Roma, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonietta Rosa Silini
- Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Brescia, Italy
| | - Piotr Czekaj
- Department of Cytophysiology, Katowice Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Department Life Sciences and Public Health, Roma, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Roma, Italy
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28
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Martinez-Vidal L, Testi C, Pontecorvo E, Pederzoli F, Alchera E, Locatelli I, Venegoni C, Spinelli A, Lucianò R, Salonia A, Podestà A, Ruocco G, Alfano M. Progressive alteration of murine bladder elasticity in actinic cystitis detected by Brillouin microscopy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:484. [PMID: 38177637 PMCID: PMC10766652 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-51006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder mechanical properties are critical for organ function and tissue homeostasis. Therefore, alterations of tissue mechanics are linked to disease onset and progression. This study aims to characterize the tissue elasticity of the murine bladder wall considering its different anatomical components, both in healthy conditions and in actinic cystitis, a state characterized by tissue fibrosis. Here, we exploit Brillouin microscopy, an emerging technique in the mechanobiology field that allows mapping tissue mechanics at the microscale, in non-contact mode and free of labeling. We show that Brillouin imaging of bladder tissues is able to recognize the different anatomical components of the bladder wall, confirmed by histopathological analysis, showing different tissue mechanical properties of the physiological bladder, as well as a significant alteration in the presence of tissue fibrosis. Our results point out the potential use of Brillouin imaging on clinically relevant samples as a complementary technique to histopathological analysis, deciphering complex mechanical alteration of each tissue layer of an organ that strongly relies on mechanical properties to perform its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Martinez-Vidal
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132, Milan, Italy.
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| | - Claudia Testi
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Roma, Italy.
| | - Emanuele Pontecorvo
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Roma, Italy
- CrestOptics S.p.A., Via Di Torre Rossa, 66, 00165, Roma, Italy
| | - Filippo Pederzoli
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Alchera
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Locatelli
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Venegoni
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonello Spinelli
- Experimental Imaging Centre, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Lucianò
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Salonia
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Podestà
- Dipartimento Di Fisica "Aldo Pontremoli" and CIMAINA, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Ruocco
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento Di Fisica, Universitá Di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Massimo Alfano
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132, Milan, Italy
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29
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Sumey JL, Harrell AM, Johnston PC, Caliari SR. Serial Passaging Affects Stromal Cell Mechanosensitivity on Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300110. [PMID: 37747449 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
There is a tremendous interest in developing hydrogels as tunable in vitro cell culture platforms to study cell response to mechanical cues in a controlled manner. However, little is known about how common cell culture techniques, such as serial expansion on tissue culture plastic, affect subsequent cell behavior when cultured on hydrogels. In this work, a methacrylated hyaluronic acid hydrogel platform is leveraged to study stromal cell mechanotransduction. Hydrogels are first formed through thiol-Michael addition to model normal soft tissue (e.g., lung) stiffness (E ≈ 1 kPa). Secondary cross-linking via radical photopolymerization of unconsumed methacrylates allows matching of early- (E ≈ 6 kPa) and late-stage fibrotic tissue (E ≈ 50 kPa). Early passage (P1) human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) display increased spreading, myocardin-related transcription factor-A (MRTF-A) nuclear localization, and focal adhesion size with increasing hydrogel stiffness. However, late passage (P5) hMSCs show reduced sensitivity to substrate mechanics with lower MRTF-A nuclear translocation and smaller focal adhesions on stiffer hydrogels compared to early passage hMSCs. Similar trends are observed in an immortalized human lung fibroblast line. Overall, this work highlights the implications of standard cell culture practices on investigating cell response to mechanical signals using in vitro hydrogel models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna L Sumey
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Abigail M Harrell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Peyton C Johnston
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Steven R Caliari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
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30
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Dos Santos JF, Dos Reis EM, Berti FV, Colla G, Koepp J, Nunes VA. CALU-3 lung cells three-dimensionally assembled onto CellFate® matrix present angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 activity. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:3602-3611. [PMID: 37691178 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Currently, there is a great need for the development of three-dimensional (3D) in vitro lung models. Particularly, the production of a suitable 3D model of pulmonary epithelium for understanding the pathophysiology of diseases such as the COVID-19 must consider the tissue architecture and presence, for example, of the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) in the cells. Different polymeric membranes are being used to support cell culturing, especially of lung cells, however, there is still no information about the culture of these cells onto bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) matrices. We have used the BNC matrix CellFate® as a support for the assembly of a 3D in vitro model of lung epithelium, composed of human lung fibroblasts (HLF) and lung adenocarcinoma cells (CALU-3). CellFate® matrices were made from bacterial fermentation resulting in a natural and biocompatible biopolymer. Cells were cultured onto CellFate® and maintained in a 5% CO2 humidified atmosphere at 37°C. Cell viability was assessed by the resazurin method The samples were, then, exposed to the air-liquid interface (ALI), and histologically analyzed. ACE-2 activity was verified on the hydrolyze of the fluorogenic substrate Mca-APK(Dnp)-OH, and its presence was evaluated by flow cytometry. The expression of the anionic transporter SLCO3A1 was evaluated by qPCR. Cell viability analysis indicates that CellFate® was not toxic to these cells. By flow cytometry, the presence of the ACE-2 was identified in the CALU-3 cells surface corroborating the results obtained from enzymatic activity analysis. The SLCO3A1 transporter expression was identified in cells cultured onto CellFate®, but not in cells cultured onto the transwell (control). CALU-3 cells cultivated onto CellFate® resulted in a pseudostratified organization, a typical morphology of the human respiratory tract epithelium. The current model opens perspectives for studies involving physiological characterization, improving its relevance for the understanding of the pathophysiology of diseases as well as the response to drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeniffer Farias Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Skin Physiology and Tissue Bioengineering, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities (EACH) of University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Janice Koepp
- Biocelltis Biotechnology SA, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Viviane Abreu Nunes
- Laboratory of Skin Physiology and Tissue Bioengineering, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities (EACH) of University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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31
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Li X, Shan J, Chen X, Cui H, Wen G, Yu Y. Decellularized diseased tissues: current state-of-the-art and future directions. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e399. [PMID: 38020712 PMCID: PMC10661834 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Decellularized matrices derived from diseased tissues/organs have evolved in the most recent years, providing novel research perspectives for understanding disease occurrence and progression and providing accurate pseudo models for developing new disease treatments. Although decellularized matrix maintaining the native composition, ultrastructure, and biomechanical characteristics of extracellular matrix (ECM), alongside intact and perfusable vascular compartments, facilitates the construction of bioengineered organ explants in vitro and promotes angiogenesis and tissue/organ regeneration in vivo, the availability of healthy tissues and organs for the preparation of decellularized ECM materials is limited. In this paper, we review the research advancements in decellularized diseased matrices. Considering that current research focuses on the matrices derived from cancers and fibrotic organs (mainly fibrotic kidney, lungs, and liver), the pathological characterizations and the applications of these diseased matrices are mainly discussed. Additionally, a contrastive analysis between the decellularized diseased matrices and decellularized healthy matrices, along with the development in vitro 3D models, is discussed in this paper. And last, we have provided the challenges and future directions in this review. Deep and comprehensive research on decellularized diseased tissues and organs will promote in-depth exploration of source materials in tissue engineering field, thus providing new ideas for clinical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jianyang Shan
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- College of Fisheries and Life ScienceShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Haomin Cui
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Gen Wen
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yaling Yu
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Institute of Microsurgery on ExtremitiesShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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32
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Nizamoglu M, Koloko Ngassie ML, Meuleman RA, Banchero M, Borghuis T, Timens W, Nawijn MC, Melgert BN, Heijink IH, Brandsma CA, Burgess JK. Collagen type XIV is proportionally lower in the lung tissue of patients with IPF. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19393. [PMID: 37938243 PMCID: PMC10632429 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46733-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) in lung tissue is a characteristic of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Increased collagen deposition is also accompanied by altered collagen organization. Collagen type XIV, a fibril-associated collagen, supports collagen fibril organization. Its status in IPF has not been described at the protein level yet. In this study, we utilized publicly available datasets for single-cell RNA-sequencing for characterizing collagen type XIV expression at the gene level. For protein level comparison, we applied immunohistochemical staining for collagen type XIV on lung tissue sections from IPF patients and compared it to lung tissue sections from never smoking and ex-smoking donors. Analyzing the relative amounts of collagen type XIV at the whole tissue level, as well as in parenchyma, airway wall and bronchial epithelium, we found consistently lower proportions of collagen type XIV in all lung tissue compartments across IPF samples. Our study suggests proportionally lower collagen type XIV in IPF lung tissues may have implications for the assembly of the ECM fibers potentially contributing to progression of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Nizamoglu
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 [HPC EA11], 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maunick Lefin Koloko Ngassie
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 [HPC EA11], 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rhode A Meuleman
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 [HPC EA11], 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Banchero
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 [HPC EA11], 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Theo Borghuis
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 [HPC EA11], 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 [HPC EA11], 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn C Nawijn
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 [HPC EA11], 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbro N Melgert
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 [HPC EA11], 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Irene H Heijink
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 [HPC EA11], 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Corry-Anke Brandsma
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 [HPC EA11], 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Janette K Burgess
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 [HPC EA11], 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science-FB41, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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He M, Borlak J. A genomic perspective of the aging human and mouse lung with a focus on immune response and cellular senescence. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:58. [PMID: 37932771 PMCID: PMC10626779 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00373-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aging lung is a complex process and influenced by various stressors, especially airborne pathogens and xenobiotics. Additionally, a lifetime exposure to antigens results in structural and functional changes of the lung; yet an understanding of the cell type specific responses remains elusive. To gain insight into age-related changes in lung function and inflammaging, we evaluated 89 mouse and 414 individual human lung genomic data sets with a focus on genes mechanistically linked to extracellular matrix (ECM), cellular senescence, immune response and pulmonary surfactant, and we interrogated single cell RNAseq data to fingerprint cell type specific changes. RESULTS We identified 117 and 68 mouse and human genes linked to ECM remodeling which accounted for 46% and 27%, respectively of all ECM coding genes. Furthermore, we identified 73 and 31 mouse and human genes linked to cellular senescence, and the majority code for the senescence associated secretory phenotype. These cytokines, chemokines and growth factors are primarily secreted by macrophages and fibroblasts. Single-cell RNAseq data confirmed age-related induced expression of marker genes of macrophages, neutrophil, eosinophil, dendritic, NK-, CD4+, CD8+-T and B cells in the lung of aged mice. This included the highly significant regulation of 20 genes coding for the CD3-T-cell receptor complex. Conversely, for the human lung we primarily observed macrophage and CD4+ and CD8+ marker genes as changed with age. Additionally, we noted an age-related induced expression of marker genes for mouse basal, ciliated, club and goblet cells, while for the human lung, fibroblasts and myofibroblasts marker genes increased with age. Therefore, we infer a change in cellular activity of these cell types with age. Furthermore, we identified predominantly repressed expression of surfactant coding genes, especially the surfactant transporter Abca3, thus highlighting remodeling of surfactant lipids with implications for the production of inflammatory lipids and immune response. CONCLUSION We report the genomic landscape of the aging lung and provide a rationale for its growing stiffness and age-related inflammation. By comparing the mouse and human pulmonary genome, we identified important differences between the two species and highlight the complex interplay of inflammaging, senescence and the link to ECM remodeling in healthy but aged individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng He
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jürgen Borlak
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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34
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Ediga HH, Hester P, Yepuri A, Reddy GB, Madala SK. Nε-Carboxymethyl-Lysine Modification of Extracellular Matrix Proteins Augments Fibroblast Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15811. [PMID: 37958795 PMCID: PMC10650592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic complex protein network that provides structural integrity and plays an active role in shaping fibroblast behavior both in health and disease. Despite its essential functions, the impact of age-associated post-translational modifications on ECM-driven fibroblast activities such as proliferation, survival, fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transformation (FMT), and extracellular matrix production remains largely unknown. Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) is one of the well-characterized advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) that can occur on lysine residues within ECM proteins through non-enzymatic glycation. In this study, we determined the accumulation and the effects of the CML-modified ECM (CML-ECM) on fibroblast activation. Immunostainings and immunoblot analysis demonstrated significant increases in CML-AGE content in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) compared to age-matched healthy lungs. Gene expression analysis and fibroblast activation assays collectively implicate the ECM as a negative regulator of fibroblast activation. Notably, the CML modification of the ECM resulted in a significant decrease in its anti-fibrotic effects including proliferation, FMT, apoptosis, and ECM production. Together, the results of this study revealed an unexplored pathological role played by the CML-ECM on fibroblast activation, which has wide implications in IPF and other fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshavardhana H. Ediga
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0564, USA (P.H.)
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India;
| | - Patrick Hester
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0564, USA (P.H.)
| | - Adithi Yepuri
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0564, USA (P.H.)
| | | | - Satish K. Madala
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0564, USA (P.H.)
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Wu D, Wu J, Liu H, Shi S, Wang L, Huang Y, Yu X, Lei Z, Ouyang T, Shen J, Wu G, Wang S. A biomimetic renal fibrosis progression model on-chip evaluates anti-fibrotic effects longitudinally in a dynamic fibrogenic niche. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:4708-4725. [PMID: 37840380 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00393k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Although renal fibrosis can advance chronic kidney disease and progressively lead to end-stage renal failure, no effective anti-fibrotic drugs have been clinically approved. To aid drug development, we developed a biomimetic renal fibrosis progression model on-chip to evaluate anti-fibrotic effects of natural killer cell-derived extracellular vesicles and pirfenidone (PFD) across different fibrotic stages. First, the dynamic interplay between fibroblasts and kidney-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) resembling the fibrogenic niche on-chip demonstrated that myofibroblasts induced by stiff ECM in 3 days were reversed to fibroblasts by switching to soft ECM, which was within 2, but not 7 days. Second, PFD significantly down-regulated the expression of α-SMA in NRK-49F in medium ECM, as opposed to stiff ECM. Third, a study in rats showed that early administration of PFD significantly inhibited renal fibrosis in terms of the expression levels of α-SMA and YAP. Taken together, both on-chip and animal models indicate the importance of early anti-fibrotic intervention for checking the progression of renal fibrosis. Therefore, this renal fibrosis progression on-chip with a feature of recapitulating dynamic biochemical and biophysical cues can be readily used to assess anti-fibrotic candidates and to explore the tipping point when the fibrotic fate can be rescued for better medical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Diseases, Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, and, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
- Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, City of Future Medicine, Chengdu, 641400, China
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Shengyu Shi
- Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Liangwen Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yixiao Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xiaorui Yu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Zhuoyue Lei
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Tanliang Ouyang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jia Shen
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Guohua Wu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Diseases, Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, and, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, City of Future Medicine, Chengdu, 641400, China
| | - Shuqi Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, City of Future Medicine, Chengdu, 641400, China
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36
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Ezzo M, Hinz B. Novel approaches to target fibroblast mechanotransduction in fibroproliferative diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 250:108528. [PMID: 37708995 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The ability of cells to sense and respond to changes in mechanical environment is vital in conditions of organ injury when the architecture of normal tissues is disturbed or lost. Among the various cellular players that respond to injury, fibroblasts take center stage in re-establishing tissue integrity by secreting and organizing extracellular matrix into stabilizing scar tissue. Activation, activity, survival, and death of scar-forming fibroblasts are tightly controlled by mechanical environment and proper mechanotransduction ensures that fibroblast activities cease after completion of the tissue repair process. Conversely, dysregulated mechanotransduction often results in fibroblast over-activation or persistence beyond the state of normal repair. The resulting pathological accumulation of extracellular matrix is called fibrosis, a condition that has been associated with over 40% of all deaths in the industrialized countries. Consequently, elements in fibroblast mechanotransduction are scrutinized for their suitability as anti-fibrotic therapeutic targets. We review the current knowledge on mechanically relevant factors in the fibroblast extracellular environment, cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesion structures, stretch-activated membrane channels, stress-regulated cytoskeletal structures, and co-transcription factors. We critically discuss the targetability of these elements in therapeutic approaches and their progress in pre-clinical and/or clinical trials to treat organ fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Ezzo
- Keenan Research Institute for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael's Hospital, and Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Boris Hinz
- Keenan Research Institute for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael's Hospital, and Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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37
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Lee S, Ki CS. Proteolytically degradable PEG hydrogel matrix mimicking tumor immune microenvironment for 3D co-culture of lung adenocarcinoma cells and macrophages. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2023; 34:1981-1999. [PMID: 37071065 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2023.2204778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages and monocytes are the major stromal cell types found in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), which modulates tumor progression, invasion, and chemoresistance. To address the need for an in vitro three-dimensional tumor model for understanding the complex cellular interactions within the TIME, we propose a TIME-mimetic co-culture matrix composed of photo-crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels mimicking the characteristics of the tumor and stroma. Desmoplasia-mimetic microgels encapsulating lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549) were embedded with monocyte- or macrophage-type U937 cells in normal stroma-mimetic hydrogel, increasing the proximity between the two cell types. By modulating the proteolytic degradability of the hydrogels, we could separate different cell types with high purities for use in orthogonal assays. In addition, we demonstrated that U937 cells had distinct influences on A549 cell death depending on their activation states (i.e. monocyte, M0, or M1 phenotype). M1 macrophages suppressed tumor growth and increased the susceptibility of A549 cells to cisplatin. In contrast, monocytes upregulated cancer stem cell markers (OCT4, SOX2, and SHH) of A549 cells, showing M2-like features, such as downregulated expression of proinflammatory markers (IL6 and TNFα). These findings suggest that this co-culture system is potentially used for investigation of heterotypic cellular interactions in the TIME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sora Lee
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Device Evaluation, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Seok Ki
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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38
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Hewitt RJ, Puttur F, Gaboriau DCA, Fercoq F, Fresquet M, Traves WJ, Yates LL, Walker SA, Molyneaux PL, Kemp SV, Nicholson AG, Rice A, Roberts E, Lennon R, Carlin LM, Byrne AJ, Maher TM, Lloyd CM. Lung extracellular matrix modulates KRT5 + basal cell activity in pulmonary fibrosis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6039. [PMID: 37758700 PMCID: PMC10533905 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41621-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expansion of KRT5+ basal cells in the distal lung accompanies progressive alveolar epithelial cell loss and tissue remodelling during fibrogenesis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The mechanisms determining activity of KRT5+ cells in IPF have not been delineated. Here, we reveal a potential mechanism by which KRT5+ cells migrate within the fibrotic lung, navigating regional differences in collagen topography. In vitro, KRT5+ cell migratory characteristics and expression of remodelling genes are modulated by extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and organisation. Mass spectrometry- based proteomics revealed compositional differences in ECM components secreted by primary human lung fibroblasts (HLF) from IPF patients compared to controls. Over-expression of ECM glycoprotein, Secreted Protein Acidic and Cysteine Rich (SPARC) in the IPF HLF matrix restricts KRT5+ cell migration in vitro. Together, our findings demonstrate how changes to the ECM in IPF directly influence KRT5+ cell behaviour and function contributing to remodelling events in the fibrotic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Hewitt
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Franz Puttur
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - David C A Gaboriau
- Facility for Imaging by Light Microscopy, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | - Maryline Fresquet
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - William J Traves
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Laura L Yates
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Simone A Walker
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Philip L Molyneaux
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Samuel V Kemp
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6NP, UK
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Campus, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Andrew G Nicholson
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Alexandra Rice
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Edward Roberts
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Rachel Lennon
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Leo M Carlin
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Adam J Byrne
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Toby M Maher
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Keck Medicine of USC, 1510 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Clare M Lloyd
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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Hoffman E, Song Y, Zhang F, Asarian L, Downs I, Young B, Han X, Ouyang Y, Xia K, Linhardt RJ, Weiss DJ. Regional and disease-specific glycosaminoglycan composition and function in decellularized human lung extracellular matrix. Acta Biomater 2023; 168:388-399. [PMID: 37433361 PMCID: PMC10528722 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Decellularized lung scaffolds and hydrogels are increasingly being utilized in ex vivo lung bioengineering. However, the lung is a regionally heterogenous organ with proximal and distal airway and vascular compartments of different structures and functions that may be altered as part of disease pathogenesis. We previously described decellularized normal whole human lung extracellular matrix (ECM) glycosaminoglycan (GAG) composition and functional ability to bind matrix-associated growth factors. We now determine differential GAG composition and function in airway, vascular, and alveolar-enriched regions of decellularized lungs obtained from normal, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients. Significant differences were observed in heparan sulfate (HS), chondroitin sulfate (CS), and hyaluronic acid (HA) content and CS/HS compositions between both different lung regions and between normal and diseased lungs. Surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that HS and CS from decellularized normal and COPD lungs similarly bound fibroblast growth factor 2, but that binding was decreased in decellularized IPF lungs. Binding of transforming growth factor β to CS was similar in all three groups but binding to HS was decreased in IPF compared to normal and COPD lungs. In addition, cytokines dissociate faster from the IPF GAGs than their counterparts. The differences in cytokine binding features of IPF GAGs may result from different disaccharide compositions. The purified HS from IPF lung is less sulfated than that from other lungs, and the CS from IPF contains more 6-O-sulfated disaccharide. These observations provide further information for understanding functional roles of ECM GAGs in lung function and disease. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Lung transplantation remains limited due to donor organ availability and need for life-long immunosuppressive medication. One solution, the ex vivo bioengineering of lungs via de- and recellularization has not yet led to a fully functional organ. Notably, the role of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) remaining in decellularized lung scaffolds is poorly understood despite their important effects on cell behaviors. We have previously investigated residual GAG content of native and decellularized lungs and their respective functionality, and role during scaffold recellularization. We now present a detailed characterization of GAG and GAG chain content and function in different anatomical regions of normal diseased human lungs. These are novel and important observations that further expand knowledge about functional GAG roles in lung biology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Hoffman
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, 149 Beaumont Avenue, Health Science Research Facility (HSRF) 226, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Yuefan Song
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Loredana Asarian
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, 149 Beaumont Avenue, Health Science Research Facility (HSRF) 226, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Isaac Downs
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, 149 Beaumont Avenue, Health Science Research Facility (HSRF) 226, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Brad Young
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, 149 Beaumont Avenue, Health Science Research Facility (HSRF) 226, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Xiaorui Han
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Yilan Ouyang
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Ke Xia
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Daniel J Weiss
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, 149 Beaumont Avenue, Health Science Research Facility (HSRF) 226, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
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40
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Link PA, Farkas L, Heise RL. Using extracellular matrix derived from sugen-chronic hypoxia lung tissue to study pulmonary arterial hypertension. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1192798. [PMID: 37731734 PMCID: PMC10507686 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1192798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension has characteristic changes to the mechanical environment, extracellular matrix, and cellular proliferation. In order to develop a culture system to investigate extracellular matrix (ECM) compositional-dependent changes in pulmonary arterial hypertension, we decellularized and characterized protein and lipid profiles from healthy and Sugen-Chronic Hypoxia rat lungs. Significant changes in lipid profiles were observed in intact Sugen-Hypoxia lungs compared with healthy controls. Decellularized lung matrix retained lipids in measurable quantities in both healthy and Sugen-Chronic Hypoxia samples. Proteomics revealed significantly changed proteins associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension in the decellularized Sugen-Chronic Hypoxia lung ECM. We then investigated the potential role of healthy vs. Sugen-Chronic Hypoxia ECM with controlled substrate stiffness to determine if the ECM composition regulated endothelial cell morphology and phenotype. CD117+ rat lung endothelial cell clones were plated on the variable stiffness gels and cellular proliferation, morphology, and gene expression were quantified. Sugen-Chronic Hypoxia ECM on healthy stiffness gels produced significant changes in cellular gene expression levels of Bmp2, Col1α1, Col3α1 and Fn1. The signaling and cell morphology observed at low substrate stiffness suggests early changes to the ECM composition can initiate processes associated with disease progression. These data suggest that Sugen-Chronic Hypoxia ECM can be used to investigate cell-ECM interactions relevant to pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A. Link
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Laszlo Farkas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Rebecca L. Heise
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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41
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Poe A, Martinez Yus M, Wang H, Santhanam L. Lysyl oxidase like-2 in fibrosis and cardiovascular disease. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C694-C707. [PMID: 37458436 PMCID: PMC10635644 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00176.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is an important and essential reparative response to injury that, if left uncontrolled, results in the excessive synthesis, deposition, remodeling, and stiffening of the extracellular matrix, which is deleterious to organ function. Thus, the sustained activation of enzymes that catalyze matrix remodeling and cross linking is a fundamental step in the pathology of fibrotic diseases. Recent studies have implicated the amine oxidase lysyl oxidase like-2 (LOXL2) in this process and established significantly elevated expression of LOXL2 as a key component of profibrotic conditions in several organ systems. Understanding the relationship between LOXL2 and fibrosis as well as the mechanisms behind these relationships can offer significant insights for developing novel therapies. Here, we summarize the key findings that demonstrate the link between LOXL2 and fibrosis and inflammation, examine current therapeutics targeting LOXL2 for the treatment of fibrosis, and discuss future directions for experiments and biomedical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Poe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Marta Martinez Yus
- Department of Anesthesiology and CCM, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Huilei Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Lakshmi Santhanam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology and CCM, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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42
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Mebratu YA, Soni S, Rosas L, Rojas M, Horowitz JC, Nho R. The aged extracellular matrix and the profibrotic role of senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C565-C579. [PMID: 37486065 PMCID: PMC10511170 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00124.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an irreversible and fatal lung disease that is primarily found in the elderly population, and several studies have demonstrated that aging is the major risk factor for IPF. IPF is characterized by the presence of apoptosis-resistant, senescent fibroblasts that generate an excessively stiff extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM profoundly affects cellular functions and tissue homeostasis, and an aberrant ECM is closely associated with the development of lung fibrosis. Aging progressively alters ECM components and is associated with the accumulation of senescent cells that promote age-related tissue dysfunction through the expression of factors linked to a senescence-associated secretary phenotype (SASP). There is growing evidence that SASP factors affect various cell behaviors and influence ECM turnover in lung tissue through autocrine and/or paracrine signaling mechanisms. Since life expectancy is increasing worldwide, it is important to elucidate how aging affects ECM dynamics and turnover via SASP and thereby promotes lung fibrosis. In this review, we will focus on the molecular properties of SASP and its regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore, the pathophysiological process of ECM remodeling by SASP factors and the influence of an altered ECM from aged lungs on the development of lung fibrosis will be highlighted. Finally, recent attempts to target ECM alteration and senescent cells to modulate fibrosis will be introduced.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Aging is the most prominent nonmodifiable risk factor for various human diseases including Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Aging progressively alters extracellular matrix components and is associated with the accumulation of senescent cells that promote age-related tissue dysfunction. In this review, we will discuss the pathological impact of aging and senescence on lung fibrosis via senescence-associated secretary phenotype factors and potential therapeutic approaches to limit the progression of lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohannes A Mebratu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Sourabh Soni
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Lorena Rosas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Jeffrey C Horowitz
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Richard Nho
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
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43
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李 明, 孙 美, 贾 渊, 任 徽, 刘 含. [Biomechanical properties of epithelial mesenchymal transition in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis]. SHENG WU YI XUE GONG CHENG XUE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING = SHENGWU YIXUE GONGCHENGXUE ZAZHI 2023; 40:632-637. [PMID: 37666752 PMCID: PMC10477379 DOI: 10.7507/1001-5515.202206016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive scar-forming disease with a high mortality rate that has received widespread attention. Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important part of the pulmonary fibrosis process, and changes in the biomechanical properties of lung tissue have an important impact on it. In this paper, we summarize the changes in the biomechanical microenvironment of lung tissue in IPF-EMT in recent years, and provide a systematic review on the effects of alterations in the mechanical microenvironment in pulmonary fibrosis on the process of EMT, the effects of mechanical factors on the behavior of alveolar epithelial cells in EMT and the biomechanical signaling in EMT, in order to provide new references for the research on the prevention and treatment of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- 明艳 李
- 河南中医药大学 中医药科学院 呼吸疾病中医药防治省部共建协同创新中心 河南省中医药防治呼吸病重点实验室(郑州 450016)Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-Constructed by Henan & Ministry of Education of PR China, Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Zhengzhou 450016, P.R. China
| | - 美好 孙
- 河南中医药大学 中医药科学院 呼吸疾病中医药防治省部共建协同创新中心 河南省中医药防治呼吸病重点实验室(郑州 450016)Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-Constructed by Henan & Ministry of Education of PR China, Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Zhengzhou 450016, P.R. China
| | - 渊博 贾
- 河南中医药大学 中医药科学院 呼吸疾病中医药防治省部共建协同创新中心 河南省中医药防治呼吸病重点实验室(郑州 450016)Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-Constructed by Henan & Ministry of Education of PR China, Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Zhengzhou 450016, P.R. China
| | - 徽 任
- 河南中医药大学 中医药科学院 呼吸疾病中医药防治省部共建协同创新中心 河南省中医药防治呼吸病重点实验室(郑州 450016)Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-Constructed by Henan & Ministry of Education of PR China, Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Zhengzhou 450016, P.R. China
- 西安交通大学 仿生工程与生物力学中心(西安 710049)Bioinspired Engineering & Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - 含 刘
- 河南中医药大学 中医药科学院 呼吸疾病中医药防治省部共建协同创新中心 河南省中医药防治呼吸病重点实验室(郑州 450016)Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-Constructed by Henan & Ministry of Education of PR China, Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Zhengzhou 450016, P.R. China
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Di X, Gao X, Peng L, Ai J, Jin X, Qi S, Li H, Wang K, Luo D. Cellular mechanotransduction in health and diseases: from molecular mechanism to therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:282. [PMID: 37518181 PMCID: PMC10387486 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01501-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular mechanotransduction, a critical regulator of numerous biological processes, is the conversion from mechanical signals to biochemical signals regarding cell activities and metabolism. Typical mechanical cues in organisms include hydrostatic pressure, fluid shear stress, tensile force, extracellular matrix stiffness or tissue elasticity, and extracellular fluid viscosity. Mechanotransduction has been expected to trigger multiple biological processes, such as embryonic development, tissue repair and regeneration. However, prolonged excessive mechanical stimulation can result in pathological processes, such as multi-organ fibrosis, tumorigenesis, and cancer immunotherapy resistance. Although the associations between mechanical cues and normal tissue homeostasis or diseases have been identified, the regulatory mechanisms among different mechanical cues are not yet comprehensively illustrated, and no effective therapies are currently available targeting mechanical cue-related signaling. This review systematically summarizes the characteristics and regulatory mechanisms of typical mechanical cues in normal conditions and diseases with the updated evidence. The key effectors responding to mechanical stimulations are listed, such as Piezo channels, integrins, Yes-associated protein (YAP) /transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), and transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4). We also reviewed the key signaling pathways, therapeutic targets and cutting-edge clinical applications of diseases related to mechanical cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingpeng Di
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoshuai Gao
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Liao Peng
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Jianzhong Ai
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xi Jin
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Shiqian Qi
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Kunjie Wang
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.
| | - Deyi Luo
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.
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Hoffman ET, Uriarte JJ, Uhl FE, Eckstrom K, Tanneberger AE, Becker C, Moulin C, Asarian L, Ikonomou L, Kotton DN, Weiss DJ. Human alveolar hydrogels promote morphological and transcriptional differentiation in iPSC-derived alveolar type 2 epithelial cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12057. [PMID: 37491483 PMCID: PMC10368739 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37685-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar type 2 epithelial cells (AT2s) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iAT2s) have rapidly contributed to our understanding of AT2 function and disease. However, while iAT2s are primarily cultured in three-dimensional (3D) Matrigel, a matrix derived from cancerous mouse tissue, it is unclear how a physiologically relevant matrix will impact iAT2s phenotype. As extracellular matrix (ECM) is recognized as a vital component in directing cellular function and differentiation, we sought to derive hydrogels from decellularized human lung alveolar-enriched ECM (aECM) to provide an ex vivo model to characterize the role of physiologically relevant ECM on iAT2 phenotype. We demonstrate aECM hydrogels retain critical in situ ECM components, including structural and basement membrane proteins. While aECM hydrogels facilitate iAT2 proliferation and alveolosphere formation, a subset of iAT2s rapidly change morphology to thin and elongated ring-like cells. This morphological change correlates with upregulation of recently described iAT2-derived transitional cell state genetic markers. As such, we demonstrate a potentially underappreciated role of physiologically relevant aECM in iAT2 differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan T Hoffman
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, 149 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Juan J Uriarte
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Franziska E Uhl
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Korin Eckstrom
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Alicia E Tanneberger
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, 149 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Chloe Becker
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, 149 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Chloe Moulin
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, 149 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Loredana Asarian
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, 149 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Laertis Ikonomou
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
- Cell, Gene and Tissue Engineering Center, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Darrell N Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Daniel J Weiss
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, 149 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
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Yang S, Sun Y, Long M, Zhou X, Yuan M, Yang L, Luo W, Cheng Y, Zhang X, Jiang W, Chao J. Single-cell transcriptome sequencing-based analysis: probing the mechanisms of glycoprotein NMB regulation of epithelial cells involved in silicosis. Part Fibre Toxicol 2023; 20:29. [PMID: 37468937 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-023-00543-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to silica can lead to silicosis, one of the most serious occupational lung diseases worldwide, for which there is a lack of effective therapeutic drugs and tools. Epithelial mesenchymal transition plays an important role in several diseases; however, data on the specific mechanisms in silicosis models are scarce. We elucidated the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis via single-cell transcriptome sequencing and constructed an experimental silicosis mouse model to explore the specific molecular mechanisms affecting epithelial mesenchymal transition at the single-cell level. Notably, as silicosis progressed, glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) exerted a sustained amplification effect on alveolar type II epithelial cells, inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by accelerating cell proliferation and migration and increasing mesenchymal markers, ultimately leading to persistent pulmonary pathological changes. GPNMB participates in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in distant lung epithelial cells by releasing extracellular vesicles to accelerate silicosis. These vesicles are involved in abnormal changes in the composition of the extracellular matrix and collagen structure. Our results suggest that GPNMB is a potential target for fibrosis prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqi Yang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Yuheng Sun
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Min Long
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 29 Jiangjun Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211106, China
| | - Xinbei Zhou
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Mengqin Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 29 Jiangjun Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211106, China
| | - Liliang Yang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Yusi Cheng
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 29 Jiangjun Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211106, China.
| | - Jie Chao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shanxi, 712082, China.
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Urciuolo F, Imparato G, Netti PA. In vitro strategies for mimicking dynamic cell-ECM reciprocity in 3D culture models. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1197075. [PMID: 37434756 PMCID: PMC10330728 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1197075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular microenvironment regulates cell decisions through the accurate presentation at the cell surface of a complex array of biochemical and biophysical signals that are mediated by the structure and composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). On the one hand, the cells actively remodel the ECM, which on the other hand affects cell functions. This cell-ECM dynamic reciprocity is central in regulating and controlling morphogenetic and histogenetic processes. Misregulation within the extracellular space can cause aberrant bidirectional interactions between cells and ECM, resulting in dysfunctional tissues and pathological states. Therefore, tissue engineering approaches, aiming at reproducing organs and tissues in vitro, should realistically recapitulate the native cell-microenvironment crosstalk that is central for the correct functionality of tissue-engineered constructs. In this review, we will describe the most updated bioengineering approaches to recapitulate the native cell microenvironment and reproduce functional tissues and organs in vitro. We have highlighted the limitations of the use of exogenous scaffolds in recapitulating the regulatory/instructive and signal repository role of the native cell microenvironment. By contrast, strategies to reproduce human tissues and organs by inducing cells to synthetize their own ECM acting as a provisional scaffold to control and guide further tissue development and maturation hold the potential to allow the engineering of fully functional histologically competent three-dimensional (3D) tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Urciuolo
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production (DICMAPI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy
| | - G. Imparato
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy
| | - P. A. Netti
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production (DICMAPI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy
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Leach T, Gandhi U, Reeves KD, Stumpf K, Okuda K, Marini FC, Walker SJ, Boucher R, Chan J, Cox LA, Atala A, Murphy SV. Development of a novel air-liquid interface airway tissue equivalent model for in vitro respiratory modeling studies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10137. [PMID: 37349353 PMCID: PMC10287689 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36863-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The human airways are complex structures with important interactions between cells, extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and the biomechanical microenvironment. A robust, well-differentiated in vitro culture system that accurately models these interactions would provide a useful tool for studying normal and pathological airway biology. Here, we report the development and characterization of a physiologically relevant air-liquid interface (ALI) 3D airway 'organ tissue equivalent' (OTE) model with three novel features: native pulmonary fibroblasts, solubilized lung ECM, and hydrogel substrate with tunable stiffness and porosity. We demonstrate the versatility of the OTE model by evaluating the impact of these features on human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cell phenotype. Variations of this model were analyzed during 28 days of ALI culture by evaluating epithelial confluence, trans-epithelial electrical resistance, and epithelial phenotype via multispectral immuno-histochemistry and next-generation sequencing. Cultures that included both solubilized lung ECM and native pulmonary fibroblasts within the hydrogel substrate formed well-differentiated ALI cultures that maintained a barrier function and expressed mature epithelial markers relating to goblet, club, and ciliated cells. Modulation of hydrogel stiffness did not negatively impact HBE differentiation and could be a valuable variable to alter epithelial phenotype. This study highlights the feasibility and versatility of a 3D airway OTE model to model the multiple components of the human airway 3D microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Leach
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, 391 Technology Way, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Uma Gandhi
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, 391 Technology Way, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA
| | - Kimberly D Reeves
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Kristina Stumpf
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, 391 Technology Way, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA
| | - Kenichi Okuda
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Frank C Marini
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, 391 Technology Way, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA
| | - Stephen J Walker
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, 391 Technology Way, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA
| | - Richard Boucher
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jeannie Chan
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Laura A Cox
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, 391 Technology Way, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Sean V Murphy
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, 391 Technology Way, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA.
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
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Roman J. Fibroblasts-Warriors at the Intersection of Wound Healing and Disrepair. Biomolecules 2023; 13:945. [PMID: 37371525 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is triggered by inflammation elicited after tissue injury. Mesenchymal cells, specifically fibroblasts, accumulate in the injured tissues, where they engage in tissue repair through the expression and assembly of extracellular matrices that provide a scaffold for cell adhesion, the re-epithelialization of tissues, the production of soluble bioactive mediators that promote cellular recruitment and differentiation, and the regulation of immune responses. If appropriately deployed, these processes promote adaptive repair, resulting in the preservation of the tissue structure and function. Conversely, the dysregulation of these processes leads to maladaptive repair or disrepair, which causes tissue destruction and a loss of organ function. Thus, fibroblasts not only serve as structural cells that maintain tissue integrity, but are key effector cells in the process of wound healing. The review will discuss the general concepts about the origins and heterogeneity of this cell population and highlight the specific fibroblast functions disrupted in human disease. Finally, the review will explore the role of fibroblasts in tissue disrepair, with special attention to the lung, the role of aging, and how alterations in the fibroblast phenotype underpin disorders characterized by pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Roman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care and The Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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50
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Lin Y, Lai X, Huang S, Pu L, Zeng Q, Wang Z, Huang W. Identification of diagnostic hub genes related to neutrophils and infiltrating immune cell alterations in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1078055. [PMID: 37334348 PMCID: PMC10272521 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1078055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is still a lack of specific indicators to diagnose idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). And the role of immune responses in IPF is elusive. In this study, we aimed to identify hub genes for diagnosing IPF and to explore the immune microenvironment in IPF. Methods We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between IPF and control lung samples using the GEO database. Combining LASSO regression and SVM-RFE machine learning algorithms, we identified hub genes. Their differential expression were further validated in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model mice and a meta-GEO cohort consisting of five merged GEO datasets. Then, we used the hub genes to construct a diagnostic model. All GEO datasets met the inclusion criteria, and verification methods, including ROC curve analysis, calibration curve (CC) analysis, decision curve analysis (DCA) and clinical impact curve (CIC) analysis, were performed to validate the reliability of the model. Through the Cell Type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts algorithm (CIBERSORT), we analyzed the correlations between infiltrating immune cells and hub genes and the changes in diverse infiltrating immune cells in IPF. Results A total of 412 DEGs were identified between IPF and healthy control samples, of which 283 were upregulated and 129 were downregulated. Through machine learning, three hub genes (ASPN, SFRP2, SLCO4A1) were screened. We confirmed their differential expression using pulmonary fibrosis model mice evaluated by qPCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence staining and analysis of the meta-GEO cohort. There was a strong correlation between the expression of the three hub genes and neutrophils. Then, we constructed a diagnostic model for diagnosing IPF. The areas under the curve were 1.000 and 0.962 for the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The analysis of other external validation cohorts, as well as the CC analysis, DCA, and CIC analysis, also demonstrated strong agreement. There was also a significant correlation between IPF and infiltrating immune cells. The frequencies of most infiltrating immune cells involved in activating adaptive immune responses were increased in IPF, and a majority of innate immune cells showed reduced frequencies. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that three hub genes (ASPN, SFRP2, SLCO4A1) were associated with neutrophils, and the model constructed with these genes showed good diagnostic value in IPF. There was a significant correlation between IPF and infiltrating immune cells, indicating the potential role of immune regulation in the pathological process of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofan Lai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaojie Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lvya Pu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qihao Zeng
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongxing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenqi Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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