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Yang Y, Zhao M, Kuang Q, You F, Jiang Y. A comprehensive review of phytochemicals targeting macrophages for the regulation of colorectal cancer progression. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155451. [PMID: 38513378 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytochemicals are natural compounds derived from plants, and are now at the forefront of anti-cancer research. Macrophage immunotherapy plays a crucial role in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). In the context of colorectal cancer, which remains highly prevalent and difficult to treat, it is of research value to explore the potential mechanisms and efficacy of phytochemicals targeting macrophages for CRC treatment. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to gain insight into the role of phytochemical-macrophage interactions in regulating CRC and to provide a theoretical basis for the development of new therapeutic strategies in the future. STUDY DESIGN This review discusses the potential immune mechanisms of phytochemicals for the treatment of CRC by summarizing research of phytochemicals targeting macrophages. METHODS We reviewed the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and CNKI databases from their initial establishment to July 2023 to classify and summaries phytochemicals according to their mechanism of action in targeting macrophages. RESULTS The results of the literature review suggest that phytochemicals interfere with CRC development by affecting macrophages through four main mechanisms. Firstly, they modulate the production of cytotoxic substances, such as NO and ROS, by macrophages to exert anticancer effects. Secondly, phytochemicals polarize macrophages towards the M1 phenotype, inhibit M2 polarisation and enhance the anti-tumour immune responses. Thirdly, they enhance the secretion of macrophage-derived cytokines and alter the tumour microenvironment, thereby inhibiting tumor growth. Finally, they activate the immune response by targeting macrophages, triggering the recruitment of other immune cells, thereby enhancing the immune killing effect and exerting anti-tumor effects. These findings highlight phytochemicals as potential therapeutic strategies to intervene in colorectal cancer development by modulating macrophage activity, providing a strong theoretical basis for future clinical applications. CONCLUSION Phytochemicals exhibit potential anti-tumour effects by modulating macrophage activity and intervening in the colorectal cancer microenvironment by multiple mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610072, PR China
| | - Maoyuan Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Qixuan Kuang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610072, PR China
| | - Fengming You
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610072, PR China; Cancer Institute, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610075, PR China.
| | - Yifang Jiang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610072, PR China.
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Cao N, Wang D, Liu B, Wang Y, Han W, Tian J, Xiang L, Wang Z. Silencing of STUB1 relieves osteoarthritis via inducing NRF2-mediated M2 macrophage polarization. Mol Immunol 2023; 164:112-122. [PMID: 37992540 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Shifting macrophages towards an anti-inflammatory state is key in treating osteoarthritis (OA) by reducing inflammation and tissue damage. However, the underlying mechanisms guiding this shift remain largely undefined. STUB1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, known for its regulatory role in macrophage polarization. This study aims to explore the function and underlying action mechanisms of STUB1 in OA. METHODS An in vivo OA model was established in rats. Hematoxylin-Eosin and safranin O-fast green staining were performed to reveal the hispathological injuries in knee-joint tissues. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were performed to detect the distribution of M1 and M2 macrophages. The inflammatory response (TNF-α and IL-6 levels) was evaluated by ELISA. In vitro, the interaction between STUB1 and NFR2 was determined by CO-IP and pull-down assays. After treated with LPS (an in vitro model of OA), the viability and apoptosis of chondrocytes were measured by CCK-8 and flow cytometry, respectively. RESULTS Silencing STUB1 alleviated OA in rats, as indicated by reduced subchondral bone thickness, knee synovitis score, histopathological damages, and inflammatory response. STUB1 silencing also decreased M1 macrophages and increased M2 macrophages in both in vivo and in vitro settings. NRF2 was identified as a target of STUB1, with STUB1 mediating its ubiquitination. Silencing NRF2 reversed the effects of STUB1 silencing on inducing M2 macrophage polarization. Furthermore, silencing STUB1 upregulated NRF2 expression in LPS-treated chondrocytes, promoting cell viability and inhibiting apoptosis. CONCLUSION Silencing STUB1 induces M2 macrophage polarization by inhibiting NRF2 ubiquitination, thereby contributing to the mitigation of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Danni Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wenfeng Han
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Liangbi Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China.
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Liu Y, Zhou H, Tang X. STUB1/CHIP: New insights in cancer and immunity. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115190. [PMID: 37506582 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The STUB1 gene (STIP1 homology and U-box-containing protein 1), located at 16q13.3, encodes the CHIP (carboxyl terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein), an essential E3 ligase involved in protein quality control. CHIP comprises three domains: an N-terminal tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain, a middle coiled-coil domain, and a C-terminal U-box domain. It functions as a co-chaperone for heat shock protein (HSP) via the TPR domain and as an E3 ligase, ubiquitinating substrates through its U-box domain. Numerous studies suggest that STUB1 plays a crucial role in various physiological process, such as aging, autophagy, and bone remodeling. Moreover, emerging evidence has shown that STUB1 can degrade oncoproteins to exert tumor-suppressive functions, and it has recently emerged as a novel player in tumor immunity. This review provides a comprehensive overview of STUB1's role in cancer, including its clinical significance, impact on tumor progression, dual roles, tumor stem cell-like properties, angiogenesis, drug resistance, and DNA repair. In addition, we explore STUB1's functions in immune cell differentiation and maturation, inflammation, autoimmunity, antiviral immune response, and tumor immunity. Collectively, STUB1 represents a promising and valuable therapeutic target in cancer and immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshuo Liu
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University Genome Editing Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Honghong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Center for Big Data Research in Health, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University Genome Editing Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Chen C, Tang Y, Zhu X, Yang J, Liu Z, Chen Y, Wang J, Shang R, Zheng W, Zhang X, Hu X, Tan J, Zhou J, Peng S, Lu Q, Ju Z, Luo G, He W. P311 Promotes IL-4 Receptor‒Mediated M2 Polarization of Macrophages to Enhance Angiogenesis for Efficient Skin Wound Healing. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:648-660.e6. [PMID: 36309321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.09.659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The transition from the proinflammatory phase to the prohealing phase in wound healing is essential for effective skin wound repair, which involves the balance of M1 and M2 polarization of wound-infiltrating macrophages. P311 plays an essential role in promoting wound closure by enhancing the biological function of epidermal stem cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts. Nevertheless, whether and how P311 regulates macrophage polarization remains unclear. In this study, we showed that P311 deficiency reduced the M2 polarization of macrophages, thereby attenuating the secretion of M2-like cytokines. The P311 deficiency prolonged the transition from the proinflammatory phase to the prohealing phase, accompanied by weakened angiogenesis and retarded granulation tissue formation, both of which coordinately hinder the healing of skin wounds. Mechanistically, P311 deficiency downregulated the expression of IL-4 receptor on macrophages, followed by less activation of the IL-4 receptor‒signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 signaling pathway, resulting in impaired M2 macrophage polarization. We further revealed that the mTOR signaling pathway was associated with the regulation of P311 on the expression of IL-4 receptor in macrophages. Thus, our study has highlighted the pivotal role of P311 in promoting the M2 polarization of macrophages for effective skin wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Academy of Biological Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xudong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Basic Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiacai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunxia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, China
| | - Jue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruoyu Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenxia Zheng
- Department of Technical Support, Chengdu Zhijing Technologies, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianglin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, China
| | - Junyi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiya Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Department of Dermatology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qudong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenyu Ju
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, China
| | - Weifeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, China.
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CHIP Haploinsufficiency Exacerbates Hepatic Steatosis via Enhanced TXNIP Expression and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Responses. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020458. [PMID: 36830016 PMCID: PMC9951908 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
TXNIP is a critical regulator of glucose homeostasis, fatty acid synthesis, and cholesterol accumulation in the liver, and it has been reported that metabolic diseases, such as obesity, atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Because CHIP, an E3 ligase, was known to be involved in regulating tissue injury and inflammation in liver, its role in regulating ER stress-induced NAFLD was investigated in two experimental NAFLD models, a tunicamycin (TM)-induced and other diet-induced NAFLD mice models. In the TM-induced NAFLD model, intraperitoneal injection of TM induced liver steatosis in both CHIP+/+ and CHIP+/- mice, but it was severely exacerbated in CHIP+/- mice compared to CHIP+/+ mice. Key regulators of ER stress and de novo lipogenesis were also enhanced in the livers of TM-inoculated CHIP+/- mice. Furthermore, in the diet-induced NAFLD models, CHIP+/- mice developed severely impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis compared to CHIP+/+ mice. Interestingly, CHIP promoted ubiquitin-dependent degradation of TXNIP in vitro, and inhibition of TXNIP was further found to alleviate the inflammation and ER stress responses increased by CHIP inhibition. In addition, the expression of TXNIP was increased in mice deficient in CHIP in the TM- and diet-induced models. These findings suggest that CHIP modulates ER stress and inflammatory responses by inhibiting TXNIP, and that CHIP protects against TM- or HF-HS diet-induced NAFLD and serves as a potential therapeutic means for treating liver diseases.
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Abstract
Protein homeostasis relies on a balance between protein folding and protein degradation. Molecular chaperones like Hsp70 and Hsp90 fulfill well-defined roles in protein folding and conformational stability via ATP-dependent reaction cycles. These folding cycles are controlled by associations with a cohort of non-client protein co-chaperones, such as Hop, p23, and Aha1. Pro-folding co-chaperones facilitate the transit of the client protein through the chaperone-mediated folding process. However, chaperones are also involved in proteasomal and lysosomal degradation of client proteins. Like folding complexes, the ability of chaperones to mediate protein degradation is regulated by co-chaperones, such as the C-terminal Hsp70-binding protein (CHIP/STUB1). CHIP binds to Hsp70 and Hsp90 chaperones through its tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain and functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase using a modified RING finger domain (U-box). This unique combination of domains effectively allows CHIP to network chaperone complexes to the ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagosome-lysosome systems. This chapter reviews the current understanding of CHIP as a co-chaperone that switches Hsp70/Hsp90 chaperone complexes from protein folding to protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abantika Chakraborty
- Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Makhanda/Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Adrienne L Edkins
- Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Makhanda/Grahamstown, South Africa.
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Fu SP, Chen SY, Pang QM, Zhang M, Wu XC, Wan X, Wan WH, Ao J, Zhang T. Advances in the research of the role of macrophage/microglia polarization-mediated inflammatory response in spinal cord injury. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1014013. [PMID: 36532022 PMCID: PMC9751019 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1014013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
It is often difficult to regain neurological function following spinal cord injury (SCI). Neuroinflammation is thought to be responsible for this failure. Regulating the inflammatory response post-SCI may contribute to the recovery of neurological function. Over the past few decades, studies have found that macrophages/microglia are one of the primary effector cells in the inflammatory response following SCI. Growing evidence has documented that macrophages/microglia are plastic cells that can polarize in response to microenvironmental signals into M1 and M2 macrophages/microglia. M1 produces pro-inflammatory cytokines to induce inflammation and worsen tissue damage, while M2 has anti-inflammatory activities in wound healing and tissue regeneration. Recent studies have indicated that the transition from the M1 to the M2 phenotype of macrophage/microglia supports the regression of inflammation and tissue repair. Here, we will review the role of the inflammatory response and macrophages/microglia in SCI and repair. In addition, we will discuss potential molecular mechanisms that induce macrophage/microglia polarization, with emphasis on neuroprotective therapies that modulate macrophage/microglia polarization, which will provide new insights into therapeutic strategies for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Ping Fu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Si-Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Qi-Ming Pang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiang-Chong Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xue Wan
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei-Hong Wan
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jun Ao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,The Clinical Stem Cell Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China,*Correspondence: Tao Zhang,
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Wang W, Xiang T, Yang Y, Wang Z, Xie J. E3 ubiquitin ligases STUB1/CHIP contributes to the Th17/Treg imbalance via the ubiquitination of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 209:280-290. [PMID: 35943876 PMCID: PMC9521662 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
STIP1-homologous U-Box containing protein 1 (STUB1) is involved in the development of immune pathologies and the regulation of T cell. However, the potential role of STUB1 in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), especially in the regulation of T cells, remains elusive. Here we show that STUB1 promotes the imbalance of Th17/Treg cells through non-degradative ubiquitination of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Using Western blot and flow cytometry analysis, we observe that the level of STUB1 was increased in RA patients compared with healthy controls. In particular, the expression of STUB1 protein was different in Th17 cells and Treg cells of RA patients. We also demonstrated that STUB1 facilitates Th17/Treg imbalance by up- or downregulating the expression of STUB1. In a subsequent series of in vitro experiments, we revealed that STUB1 promoted the imbalance of Th17 and Treg cells through non-degradative ubiquitination of AHR. Both knockdown of the AHR expression by siRNA and assays of CYP1A1 enzymatic activity by ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) supported this conclusion. Furthermore, we explored the ubiquitination sites of AHR responsible for STUB1-mediated ubiquitination and revealed that STUB1 promotes ubiquitination of AHR via K63 chains. Together, STUB1 may induce the imbalance of Th17/Treg cells via ubiquitination of AHR and serve as a potential therapeutic target for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Xiang
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yachen Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zitao Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianmin Xie
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Rui Y, Han X, Jiang A, Hu J, Li M, Liu B, Qian F, Huang L. Eucalyptol prevents bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and M2 macrophage polarization. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 931:175184. [PMID: 35964659 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrosing interstitial pneumonia with limited therapeutic options. Eucalyptol, a terpenoid oxide isolated from eucalyptus species, reportedly exhibits various biological activities such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether eucalyptol could alleviate bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis and inhibit interleukin (IL)-13-induced M2 macrophage polarization. Upon treatment with eucalyptol, BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis and lung inflammation were significantly reduced. The pulmonary neutrophil accumulation and pulmonary permeability were inhibited and the expression of hydroxyproline, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and fibronectin was significantly down-regulated. Eucalyptol also markedly inhibited the expression of arginase-1, Ym-1, IL-13, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, reduced the production of IL-13, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and attenuated the activity of TGF-β1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Furthermore, the in vitro assay revealed that eucalyptol disturbed M2 macrophage polarization and reduced the macrophage-mediated secretion of the profibrotic factor TGF-β1. Eucalyptol inhibited the nuclear location of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) and the phosphorylation of STAT6 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), and reduced the expression of their downstream transcription factors, krupple-like factor 4 (KLF4) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). These findings indicated that eucalyptol alleviates BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis by regulating M2 macrophage polarization, which, in turn, inhibits the activation of signaling molecules (e.g., STAT6 and p38 MAPK) and the expression of transcription factors (e.g., KLF4 and PPAR-γ). Thus, eucalyptol might be a potential therapeutic agent for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Rui
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; Department of Respiration and Critical Care Medicine, Anhui Clinical and Preclinical Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China
| | - Xiaojing Han
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Laboratory Medicine, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China
| | - Anbang Jiang
- Department of Respiration and Critical Care Medicine, Anhui Clinical and Preclinical Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China
| | - Junfeng Hu
- Department of Respiration and Critical Care Medicine, Anhui Clinical and Preclinical Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of General Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China
| | - Bangzhu Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Anhui, Wuhu, Anhui, 233000, China
| | - Feng Qian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Laboratory Medicine, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China; Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Linian Huang
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; Department of Respiration and Critical Care Medicine, Anhui Clinical and Preclinical Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China.
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Smirnova OE, Blazhevich LE, Kirilina VM. Research of the Expression of Receptors to IL-4, IL-4R Genes and the Role of IL-4 in the Contraction of Bronches of Rats with Ovalbumin-Induced Bronchial Asthma. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093022010215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ebstein F, Küry S, Papendorf JJ, Krüger E. Neurodevelopmental Disorders (NDD) Caused by Genomic Alterations of the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System (UPS): the Possible Contribution of Immune Dysregulation to Disease Pathogenesis. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:733012. [PMID: 34566579 PMCID: PMC8455891 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.733012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Over thirty years have passed since the first description of ubiquitin-positive structures in the brain of patients suffering from Alzheimer’s disease. Meanwhile, the intracellular accumulation of ubiquitin-modified insoluble protein aggregates has become an indisputable hallmark of neurodegeneration. However, the role of ubiquitin and a fortiori the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) is much less described. In this article, we review all reported monogenic forms of NDD caused by lesions in genes coding for any component of the UPS including ubiquitin-activating (E1), -conjugating (E2) enzymes, ubiquitin ligases (E3), ubiquitin hydrolases, and ubiquitin-like modifiers as well as proteasome subunits. Strikingly, our analysis revealed that a vast majority of these proteins have a described function in the negative regulation of the innate immune response. In this work, we hypothesize a possible involvement of autoinflammation in NDD pathogenesis. Herein, we discuss the parallels between immune dysregulation and neurodevelopment with the aim at improving our understanding the biology of NDD and providing knowledge required for the design of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Ebstein
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sébastien Küry
- CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, Nantes, France.,l'Institut du Thorax, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jonas Johannes Papendorf
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Elke Krüger
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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12
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Rao LZ, Wang Y, Zhang L, Wu G, Zhang L, Wang FX, Chen LM, Sun F, Jia S, Zhang S, Yu Q, Wei JH, Lei HR, Yuan T, Li J, Huang X, Cheng B, Zhao J, Xu Y, Mo BW, Wang CY, Zhang H. IL-24 deficiency protects mice against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by repressing IL-4-induced M2 program in macrophages. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:1270-1283. [PMID: 33144678 PMCID: PMC8027679 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00650-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common type of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and has one of the poorest prognosis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying IPF progression remain largely unknown. In this study, we determined that IL-24, an IL-20 subfamily cytokine member, was increased both in the serum of IPF patients and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of mice following bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis. As a result, IL-24 deficiency protected mice from BLM-induced lung injury and fibrosis. Specifically, loss of IL-24 significantly attenuated transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) production and reduced M2 macrophage infiltration in the lung of BLM-induced mice. Mechanistically, IL-24 alone did not show a perceptible impact on the induction of M2 macrophages, but it synergized with IL-4 to promote M2 program in macrophages. IL-24 suppressed IL-4-induced expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) and SOCS3, through which it enhanced signal transducer and activator of transcription 6/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (STAT6/PPARγ) signaling, thereby promoting IL-4-induced production of M2 macrophages. Collectively, our data support that IL-24 synergizes with IL-4 to promote macrophage M2 program contributing to the development of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Zong Rao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yi Wang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Guorao Wu
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Fa-Xi Wang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Long-Min Chen
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Fei Sun
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Song Jia
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qilin Yu
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jiang-Hong Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 15 Lequn Road, Guilin, 541000, Guangxi, China
| | - Hui-Ren Lei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 15 Lequn Road, Guilin, 541000, Guangxi, China
| | - Ting Yuan
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 15 Lequn Road, Guilin, 541000, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinxiu Li
- ICU Division, Xiangya Second Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xingxu Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jianping Zhao
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yongjian Xu
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Bi-Wen Mo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 15 Lequn Road, Guilin, 541000, Guangxi, China.
| | - Cong-Yi Wang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Huilan Zhang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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13
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Mi LL, Zhu Y, Lu HY. A crosstalk between type 2 innate lymphoid cells and alternative macrophages in lung development and lung diseases (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:403. [PMID: 33786611 PMCID: PMC8025469 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are important innate immune cells that are involved in type 2 inflammation, in both mice and humans. ILC2s are stimulated by factors, including interleukin (IL)-33 and IL-25, and activated ILC2s secrete several cytokines that mediate type 2 immunity by inducing profound changes in physiology, including activation of alternative (M2) macrophages. M2 macrophages possess immune modulatory, phagocytic, tissue repair and remodeling properties, and can regulate ILC2s under infection. The present review summarizes the role of ILC2s as innate cells and M2 macrophages as anti-inflammatory cells, and discusses current literature on their important biological significance. The present review also highlights how the crosstalk between ILC2s and M2 macrophages contributes to lung development, induces pulmonary parasitic expulsion, exacerbates pulmonary viral and fungal infections and allergic airway diseases, and promotes the development of lung diseases, such as pulmonary fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and carcinoma of the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Lan Mi
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yan Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
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14
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Regulation of Treg Functions by the Ubiquitin Pathway. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1278:47-62. [PMID: 33523442 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-6407-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T (Tregs) cells, required to maintain immune homeostasis, have significant power in disease outcomes. Treg dysfunction, predominantly characterized by the loss of the master transcription factor FoxP3 and the acquisition of Teff-like phenotypes, can promote autoimmunity as well as enhance anti-tumor immunity. As FoxP3 expression and stability are pinnacle for Treg suppressive functions, understanding the pathways that regulate FoxP3 is crucial to ascertain Treg-mediated therapies for autoimmune diseases and cancer. Mechanisms controlling FoxP3 expression and stability range from transcriptional to posttranslational, revealing multiple therapeutic opportunities. While many of the transcriptional pathways have been explored in detail, a recent surge in interest on the posttranslational mechanisms regulating FoxP3 has arisen. Particularly, the role of ubiquitination on Tregs both directly and indirectly involving FoxP3 has gained interest. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on ubiquitin-dependent, FoxP3-mediated control of Treg function as it pertains to human diseases.
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15
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Spinocerebellar ataxia type 48: last but not least. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:2423-2432. [PMID: 32342324 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04408-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biallelic mutations in STUB1, which encodes the E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP, were originally described in association with SCAR16, a rare autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia, so far reported in 16 kindreds. In the last 2 years, a new form of spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA48), associated with heterozygous mutations in the same gene, has been described in 12 kindreds with autosomal dominant inheritance. METHODS We reviewed molecular and clinical findings of both SCAR16 and SCA48 described patients. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION SCAR16 is characterized by early onset spastic ataxia and a wide disease spectrum, including cognitive dysfunction, hyperkinetic disorders, epilepsy, peripheral neuropathy, and hypogonadism. SCA48 is an adult-onset syndrome characterized by ataxia and cognitive-psychiatric features, variably associated with chorea, parkinsonism, dystonia, and urinary symptoms. SCA48, the last dominant ataxia to be described, could emerge as the most frequent among the SCAs due to conventional mutations. The overlap of several clinical signs between SCAR16 and SCA48 indicates the presence of a continuous clinical spectrum among recessively and dominantly inherited mutations of STUB1. Different kinds of mutations, scattered over the three gene domains, have been found in both disorders. Their pathogenesis and the relationship between SCA48 and SCAR16 remain to be clarified.
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16
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Yombo DJK, Mentink-Kane MM, Wilson MS, Wynn TA, Madala SK. Heat shock protein 70 is a positive regulator of airway inflammation and goblet cell hyperplasia in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:15082-15094. [PMID: 31431507 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are highly conserved molecular chaperones that are ubiquitously expressed in all species to aid the solubilization of misfolded proteins, protein degradation, and transport. Elevated levels of Hsp70 have been found in the sputum, serum, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of asthma patients and are known to correlate with disease severity. However, the function of Hsp70 in allergic airway inflammation has remained largely unknown. This study aimed to determine the role of Hsp70 in airway inflammation and remodeling using a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. WT and Hsp70 double-knockout (Hsp70.1/.3-/-) mice were sensitized and challenged intratracheally with Schistosoma mansoni soluble egg antigens (SEAs) to induce robust Th2 responses and airway inflammation in the lungs. The lack of Hsp70 resulted in a significant reduction in airway inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, and Th2 cytokine production, including IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. An analysis of the BAL fluid suggested that Hsp70 is critically required for eosinophilic infiltration, collagen accumulation, and Th2 cytokine production in allergic airways. Furthermore, our bone marrow (BM) transfer studies show that SEA-induced airway inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, and Th2 cytokine production were attenuated in WT mice that were reconstituted with Hsp70-deficient BM, but these effects were not attenuated in Hsp70-deficient mice that were reconstituted with WT BM. Together, these studies identify a pathogenic role for Hsp70 in hematopoietic cells during allergic airway inflammation; this illustrates the potential utility of targeting Hsp70 to alleviate allergen-induced Th2 cytokines, goblet cell hyperplasia, and airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan J K Yombo
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | | | - Mark S Wilson
- Mill Hill Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas A Wynn
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Satish K Madala
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229 .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
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17
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AAV/BBB-Mediated Gene Transfer of CHIP Attenuates Brain Injury Following Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Transl Stroke Res 2019; 11:296-309. [PMID: 31325153 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-019-00715-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cell death is a hallmark of secondary brain injury following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The E3 ligase CHIP has been reported to play a key role in mediating necroptosis-an important mechanism of cell death after ICH. However, there is currently no evidence supporting a function of CHIP in ICH. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether CHIP plays an essential role in brain injury after ICH. Our findings indicated that CHIP expression was increased in the peri-hematomal area in rat models of ICH. The AAV/BBB viral platform enables non-invasive, widespread, and long-lasting global neural expression of target genes. Treatment with AAV/BBB-CHIP ameliorated brain injury and inhibited neuronal necroptosis and inflammation in wild type (WT) rats following ICH. Furthermore, rats with CHIP deficiency experienced severe brain injury and increased levels of neuronal necroptosis and inflammation relative to their WT counterparts. However, treatment with AAV/BBB-CHIP attenuated the effects of CHIP deficiency after ICH. Collectively, our results demonstrate that CHIP inhibits necroptosis and pathological inflammation following ICH, and that overexpression of CHIP may represent a therapeutic intervention for ICH. Moreover, the AAV/BBB viral platform may provide a novel avenue for the treatment of brain injury.
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18
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Karo-Atar D, Bitton A, Benhar I, Munitz A. Therapeutic Targeting of the Interleukin-4/Interleukin-13 Signaling Pathway: In Allergy and Beyond. BioDrugs 2019; 32:201-220. [PMID: 29736903 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-018-0280-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation triggered by interleukin-4 (IL-4)/IL-13 is mediated by IL-4 and IL-13 receptors that are present on multiple cell types, including epithelial cells, smooth muscle, fibroblasts endothelial cells and immune cells. IL-4 exerts its activities by interacting with two specific cell surface receptors: one designated the type 1 IL-4 receptor (IL-4R); the other designated the type 2 IL-4R, a receptor complex that is also the functional receptor for IL-13. "Traditionally," IL-4 and IL-13 have been studied in the context of T helper 2-associated immune responses (i.e., type 2 immunity). In these settings, IL-4, IL-13 and their cognate receptor chains display pivotal roles where IL-4 is considered an instigator of type 2 immune responses and IL-13 an effector molecule. Thus, therapeutic targeting of the IL-4/IL-13 pathway is under extensive research, mainly for the treatment of allergic diseases. Nonetheless, in addition to IL-4's and IL-13's roles in type 2 immune responses, recent data highlight key activities for IL-4 and IL-13 in additional settings including metabolism, bone resorption, and even cognitive learning. This review summarizes the established knowledge that has accumulated regarding the roles of IL-4, IL-13, and their receptors in allergic diseases, with an emphasis on asthma, atopic dermatitis and eosinophilic esophagitis. Further, we provide an overview of the pharmacological entities targeting these cytokines and/or their receptors, which have been developed and clinically examined over the years. Finally, we will briefly highlight emerging evidence of potential new roles for IL-4 and IL-13 in other pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Karo-Atar
- Biotherapeutics Cluster, Augmanity Nano LTD, Rehovot, Israel. .,Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
| | - Almog Bitton
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Itai Benhar
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ariel Munitz
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
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De Michele G, Lieto M, Galatolo D, Salvatore E, Cocozza S, Barghigiani M, Tessa A, Baldacci J, Pappatà S, Filla A, De Michele G, Santorelli FM. Spinocerebellar ataxia 48 presenting with ataxia associated with cognitive, psychiatric, and extrapyramidal features: A report of two Italian families. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2019; 65:91-96. [PMID: 31126790 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Spinocerebellar ataxia 48 has recently been described as an adult onset ataxia associated with a cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome, caused by a heterozygous mutation in the STUB1 gene. METHODS We characterized the clinical and neuroimaging phenotype of eight patients from two autosomal dominant ataxia multigenerational Italian families, in whom we conducted whole exome sequencing, targeted multigene sequencing, and Sanger sequencing studies. RESULTS We describe a complex syndrome characterized by ataxia and cognitive-psychiatric disorder in all cases, variably associated with chorea, parkinsonism, dystonia, urinary symptoms, and epilepsy. MRI showed a significant cerebellar atrophy, coupled to a T2-weighted hyperintensity affecting the dentate nuclei and extending to the middle cerebellar peduncles, whereas FDG-PET studies revealed glucose hypometabolism in cerebellum, striatum, and cerebral cortex. We identified two different novel STUB1 mutations segregating in the two families. One of the two mutations, p.(Gly33Ser), occurs in the TRP domain, whereas p.(Pro228Ser) is located in the ubiquitin ligase region. DISCUSSION We emphasize the similarity of the described clinical picture with that of SCAR16, an autosomal recessive ataxia caused by biallelic mutations in the same gene, and of spinocerebellar ataxia type 17, which is considered the main Huntington's disease-like syndrome. The pathogenesis of the disease and the relationship between SCA48 and SCAR16 remain to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna De Michele
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Lieto
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Elena Salvatore
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Sirio Cocozza
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Sabina Pappatà
- Biostructure and Bioimaging Institute, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Filla
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Michele
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
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20
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Kalsi AK, Halder A, Jain M, Chaturvedi PK, Mathew M, Sharma JB. Association of raised levels of IL-4 and anti-TPO with hyperprolactinemia. Am J Reprod Immunol 2019; 81:e13085. [PMID: 30614113 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The modulatory role of prolactin in autoimmune regulation is well established. Hyperprolactinemia is often associated with autoimmune disease like systemic lupus erythematosus and autoimmune thyroid diseases. The objective was to compare levels of direct and indirect autoimmune factors in different categories of hyperprolactinemia cases and predict the direction of association between hyperprolactinemia and autoimmune factors, if any. METHODS A total of 102 hyperprolactinemia cases (>100 ng/mL serum prolactin level) were included along with 24 controls. Among 102 hyperprolactinemia cases, there were 36 idiopathic cases, 19 pituitary adenoma cases, 36 drug-induced cases, and 11 cases associated with other secondary/systemic diseases (chronic renal failure, chronic hepatic failure, etc). MEASUREMENTS Direct autoimmune markers, IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-5, were measured in serum by ELISA. Indirect autoimmune markers, anti-TPO, anti-tg, anti-CCP, VDRL, platelet count, and aPTT, were measured as per laboratory-defined protocol. RESULTS Serum levels of IL-4 and anti-TPO were significantly high in idiopathic hyperprolactinemia cases. Serum IL-4 levels were also significantly high in pituitary adenoma cases, drug-induced cases, and in cases with other secondary causes of hyperprolactinemia. Serum anti-TPO levels were also significantly high in drug-induced hyperprolactinemia cases. CONCLUSION No significant difference in autoimmune factors is observed between macroprolactinemia and true hyperprolactinemia. Serum IL-4 and anti-TPO were high in all categories of hyperprolactinemia. This suggests a possible association of hyperprolactinemia with autoimmune conditions (high IL-4 and anti-TPO), mostly subclinical. Thus, hyperprolactinemia case with serum prolactin level >100 ng/mL may require long-term follow-up for the development of autoimmune disease in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanpreet Kaur Kalsi
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashutosh Halder
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manish Jain
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Pradeep K Chaturvedi
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mary Mathew
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jai Bhagwan Sharma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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21
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Zhang L, Wang Y, Wu G, Xiong W, Gu W, Wang CY. Macrophages: friend or foe in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis? Respir Res 2018; 19:170. [PMID: 30189872 PMCID: PMC6127991 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0864-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a prototype of lethal, chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology. Over the past decade, macrophage has been recognized to play a significant role in IPF pathogenesis. Depending on the local microenvironments, macrophages can be polarized to either classically activated (M1) or alternatively activated (M2) phenotypes. In general, M1 macrophages are responsible for wound healing after alveolar epithelial injury, while M2 macrophages are designated to resolve wound healing processes or terminate inflammatory responses in the lung. IPF is a pathological consequence resulted from altered wound healing in response to persistent lung injury. In this review, we intend to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the process of macrophage polarization and its mediators in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Our goal is to update the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of IPF, and by which, we expect to provide help for developing effective therapeutic strategies in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yi Wang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Guorao Wu
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Weining Xiong
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Weikuan Gu
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery-Campbell Clinic, and Pathology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC), Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Cong-Yi Wang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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22
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Hou M, Li W, Xie Z, Ai J, Sun B, Tan G. Effects of anticholinergic agent on miRNA profiles and transcriptomes in a murine model of allergic rhinitis. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:6558-6569. [PMID: 28901404 PMCID: PMC5865825 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anticholinergic agent, ipratropium bromide (IB) ameliorates symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR) using neuroimmunologic mechanisms. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains largely unclear. In the present study, 27 mice with AR induced by ovalbumin were randomly allocated to one of three groups: Model group, model group with IB treatment for 2 weeks, and model group with IB treatment for 4 weeks. Allergic symptoms were evaluated according to symptoms scores. Differentially expressed genes [microRNAs (miRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs)] of nasal mucosa were identified by microarray analysis. The expression levels of candidate genes were measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The data indicates that the symptoms scores in allergic mice were significantly reduced by IB treatment. In the nasal mucosa of allergic mice with IB treatment, 207 mRNAs and 87 miRNAs were differentially expressed, when compared with the sham group. IB treatment significantly downregulated the expression levels of interleukin-4Rα and prostaglandin D2 synthase, whereas the leukemia inhibitory factor, A20 and nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 1 expression levels were upregulated. Similarly, the expression levels of mmu-miR-124-3p/5p, −133b-5p, −133a-3p/5p, −384-3p, −181a-5p, −378a-5p and −3071-5p were significantly increased. RT-qPCR data further validated these mRNA and miRNA expression levels. Thus, IB treatment regulated expression of allergic immune-associated mRNAs and miRNAs of the nasal mucosa in allergic mice, which may be associated with ameliorated nasal allergic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Hou
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Zuozhong Xie
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Jingang Ai
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head Neck Surgery, Central Hospital, Xiangtan, Hunan 411100, P.R. China
| | - Guolin Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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23
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Seo TW, Lee JS, Choi YN, Jeong DH, Lee SK, Yoo SJ. A novel function of cIAP1 as a mediator of CHIP-driven eIF4E regulation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9816. [PMID: 28852129 PMCID: PMC5575267 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10358-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
eIF4E is an initiator protein in cap-dependent translation. Its overexpression is linked to tumorigenesis in various human cancers, suggesting that the levels of eIF4E must be under tight control in normal cells. Although several eIF4E regulatory mechanisms have been demonstrated, the intracellular mechanisms controlling eIF4E protein levels remain poorly understood. Here, we report that eIF4E is efficiently regulated by dual mechanisms, both involving human inhibitor of apoptosis family protein cIAP1. cIAP1 itself ubiquitinates eIF4E as an E3 ligase, and interestingly, cIAP1 also functions as a mediator to present eIF4E to another E3 ligase, CHIP. This collaborative activity of cIAP1 and CHIP directs eIF4E toward degradation, controlling its levels and suppressing tumorigenesis. Our results provide the first evidence for a mediator function of cIAP1 and collaborative activity of cIAP1 and CHIP, suggesting that maintaining balanced levels of these E3 ligases might be beneficial for normal cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Woong Seo
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Ji Sun Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea.,Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Ye Na Choi
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Dar Heum Jeong
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Sun Kyung Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Soon Ji Yoo
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea. .,Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea.
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24
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Sha Y, Rao L, Settembre C, Ballabio A, Eissa NT. STUB1 regulates TFEB-induced autophagy-lysosome pathway. EMBO J 2017; 36:2544-2552. [PMID: 28754656 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201796699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
TFEB is a master regulator for transcription of genes involved in autophagy and lysosome biogenesis. Activity of TFEB is inhibited upon its serine phosphorylation by mTOR The overall mechanisms by which TFEB activity in the cell is regulated are not well elucidated. Specifically, the mechanisms of TFEB turnover and how they might influence its activity remain unknown. Here, we show that STUB1, a chaperone-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligase, modulates TFEB activity by preferentially targeting inactive phosphorylated TFEB for degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Phosphorylated TFEB accumulated in STUB1-deficient cells and in tissues of STUB1-deficient mice resulting in reduced TFEB activity. Conversely, cellular overexpression of STUB1 resulted in reduced phosphorylated TFEB and increased TFEB activity. STUB1 preferentially interacted with and ubiqutinated phosphorylated TFEB, targeting it to proteasomal degradation. Consistent with reduced TFEB activity, accumulation of phosphorylated TFEB in STUB1-deficient cells resulted in reduced autophagy and reduced mitochondrial biogenesis. These studies reveal that the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway participates in regulating autophagy and lysosomal functions by regulating the activity of TFEB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youbao Sha
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lang Rao
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carmine Settembre
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli (Naples), Italy
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli (Naples), Italy
| | - N Tony Eissa
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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25
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Xiao M, Yan M, Zhang J, Xu Q, Chen W. Carboxy-terminus Hsc70 interacting protein exerts a tumor inhibition function in head and neck cancer. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:1629-1636. [PMID: 28731191 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Several independent studies have reported the roles of the E3 ubiquitin ligase, carboxy-terminus Hsc70 interacting protein (CHIP) in various types of cancers. However, the biological effects of CHIP vary in regards to different cancers, and the role of CHIP in head and neck cancers (HNCs) remains unknown. In the present study, CHIP overexpression plasmids and CHIP knockdown lentivirus were constructed to affect the expression levels of CHIP protein and biological behaviors in HNC cell lines bilaterally. The biological behaviors regulated by CHIP in HNCs were investigated both in vivo and in vitro with a series of assays and analyses. A tissue microarray was stained and analyzed for the clinical significance of CHIP expression in HNCs. We identified that CHIP suppressed the malignant behaviors of HNCs in a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments, but not its two loss-of-function mutants. However, we observed an altered expression pattern of CHIP from a well, moderate, to poor differentiation pathological status in HNC specimens. In a retrospective cohort of HNCs, lower expression of CHIP indicated a poor differentiation status in tumors and a lower overall survival rate. The present study demonstrated that CHIP functions as a tumor suppressor in HNCs. In conclusion, we demonstrated that suppressed expression of CHIP may result in the progression of HNCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Wantao Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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26
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Becerra-Díaz M, Wills-Karp M, Heller NM. New perspectives on the regulation of type II inflammation in asthma. F1000Res 2017; 6:1014. [PMID: 28721208 PMCID: PMC5497827 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.11198.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lungs which has been thought to arise as a result of inappropriately directed T helper type-2 (Th2) immune responses of the lungs to otherwise innocuous inhaled antigens. Current asthma therapeutics are directed towards the amelioration of downstream consequences of type-2 immune responses (i.e. β-agonists) or broad-spectrum immunosuppression (i.e. corticosteroids). However, few approaches to date have been focused on the primary prevention of immune deviation. Advances in molecular phenotyping reveal heterogeneity within the asthmatic population with multiple endotypes whose varying expression depends on the interplay between numerous environmental factors and the inheritance of a broad range of susceptibility genes. The most common endotype is one described as "type-2-high" (i.e. high levels of interleukin [IL]-13, eosinophilia, and periostin). The identification of multiple endotypes has provided a potential explanation for the observations that therapies directed at typical Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) and their receptors have often fallen short when they were tested in a diverse group of asthmatic patients without first stratifying based on disease endotype or severity. However, despite the incorporation of endotype-dependent stratification schemes into clinical trial designs, variation in drug responses are still apparent, suggesting that additional genetic/environmental factors may be contributing to the diversity in drug efficacy. Herein, we will review recent advances in our understanding of the complex pathways involved in the initiation and regulation of type-2-mediated immune responses and their modulation by host factors (genetics, metabolic status, and the microbiome). Particular consideration will be given to how this knowledge could pave the way for further refinement of disease endotypes and/or the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of asthma .
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireya Becerra-Díaz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Marsha Wills-Karp
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Nicola M. Heller
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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27
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Abstract
The carboxyl terminal of Hsp70-interacting protein (CHIP) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that plays a pivotal role in the protein quality control system by shifting the balance of the folding-refolding machinery toward the degradative pathway. However, the precise mechanisms by which nonnative proteins are selected for degradation by CHIP either directly or indirectly via chaperone Hsp70 or Hsp90 are still not clear. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive model of the mechanism by which CHIP degrades its substrate in a chaperone-dependent or direct manner. In addition, through tight regulation of the protein level of its substrates, CHIP plays important roles in many physiological and pathological conditions, including cancers, neurological disorders, cardiac diseases, bone metabolism, immunity, and so on. Nonetheless, the precise mechanisms underlying the regulation of the immune system by CHIP are still poorly understood despite accumulating developments in our understanding of the regulatory roles of CHIP in both innate and adaptive immune responses. In this review, we also aim to provide a view of CHIP-mediated regulation of immune responses and the signaling pathways involved in the model described. Finally, we discuss the roles of CHIP in immune-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Zhan
- a Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of Immunology , Dongcheng District , Beijing , China
| | - Tianxiao Wang
- b Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Head and Neck Surgery , Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute , Beijing , China
| | - Wei Ge
- a Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of Immunology , Dongcheng District , Beijing , China
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28
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Joshi V, Amanullah A, Upadhyay A, Mishra R, Kumar A, Mishra A. A Decade of Boon or Burden: What Has the CHIP Ever Done for Cellular Protein Quality Control Mechanism Implicated in Neurodegeneration and Aging? Front Mol Neurosci 2016; 9:93. [PMID: 27757073 PMCID: PMC5047891 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells regularly synthesize new proteins to replace old and abnormal proteins for normal cellular functions. Two significant protein quality control pathways inside the cellular milieu are ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy. Autophagy is known for bulk clearance of cytoplasmic aggregated proteins, whereas the specificity of protein degradation by UPS comes from E3 ubiquitin ligases. Few E3 ubiquitin ligases, like C-terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP) not only take part in protein quality control pathways, but also plays a key regulatory role in other cellular processes like signaling, development, DNA damage repair, immunity and aging. CHIP targets misfolded proteins for their degradation through proteasome, as well as autophagy; simultaneously, with the help of chaperones, it also regulates folding attempts for misfolded proteins. The broad range of CHIP substrates and their associations with multiple pathologies make it a key molecule to work upon and focus for future therapeutic interventions. E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP interacts and degrades many protein inclusions formed in neurodegenerative diseases. The presence of CHIP at various nodes of cellular protein-protein interaction network presents this molecule as a potential candidate for further research. In this review, we have explored a wide range of functionality of CHIP inside cells by a detailed presentation of its co-chaperone, E3 and E4 enzyme like functions, with central focus on its protein quality control roles in neurodegenerative diseases. We have also raised many unexplored but expected fundamental questions regarding CHIP functions, which generate hopes for its future applications in research, as well as drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibhuti Joshi
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Rajasthan, India
| | - Ayeman Amanullah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Rajasthan, India
| | - Arun Upadhyay
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Rajasthan, India
| | - Ribhav Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Rajasthan, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Centre for Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Rajasthan, India
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29
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Hall SL, Baker T, Lajoie S, Richgels PK, Yang Y, McAlees JW, van Lier A, Wills-Karp M, Sivaprasad U, Acciani TH, LeCras TD, Myers JB, Kovacic MB, Lewkowich IP. IL-17A enhances IL-13 activity by enhancing IL-13-induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 activation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 139:462-471.e14. [PMID: 27417023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased IL-17A production has been associated with more severe asthma; however, the mechanisms whereby IL-17A can contribute to IL-13-driven pathology in asthmatic patients remain unclear. OBJECTIVE We sought to gain mechanistic insight into how IL-17A can influence IL-13-driven responses. METHODS The effect of IL-17A on IL-13-induced airway hyperresponsiveness, gene expression, mucus hypersecretion, and airway inflammation was assessed by using in vivo models of IL-13-induced lung pathology and in vitro culture of murine fibroblast cell lines and primary fibroblasts and human epithelial cell lines or primary human epithelial cells exposed to IL-13, IL-17A, or both. RESULTS Compared with mice given intratracheal IL-13 alone, those exposed to IL-13 and IL-17A had augmented airway hyperresponsiveness, mucus production, airway inflammation, and IL-13-induced gene expression. In vitro, IL-17A enhanced IL-13-induced gene expression in asthma-relevant murine and human cells. In contrast to the exacerbating influence of IL-17A on IL-13-induced responses, coexposure to IL-13 inhibited IL-17A-driven antimicrobial gene expression in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, in both primary human and murine cells, the IL-17A-driven increase in IL-13-induced gene expression was associated with enhanced IL-13-driven signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 activation. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that IL-17A contributes to asthma pathophysiology by increasing the capacity of IL-13 to activate intracellular signaling pathways, such as signal transducer and activator of transcription 6. These data represent the first mechanistic explanation of how IL-17A can directly contribute to the pathogenesis of IL-13-driven pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara L Hall
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Theresa Baker
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Stephane Lajoie
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
| | - Phoebe K Richgels
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Yanfen Yang
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jaclyn W McAlees
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Adelaide van Lier
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Marsha Wills-Karp
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
| | - Umasundari Sivaprasad
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Thomas H Acciani
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Timothy D LeCras
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jocelyn Biagini Myers
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Melinda Butsch Kovacic
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Ian P Lewkowich
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
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30
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Abstract
Lung macrophages link innate and adaptive immune responses during allergic airway inflammatory responses. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) and interstitial macrophages are two different phenotypes that differentially exert immunological function under physiological and pathological conditions. Exposure to pathogen induces polarization of AM cells into classically activated macrophages (M1 cells) and alternatively activated macrophages (M2 cells). M1 cells dominantly express proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1 β and induce lung inflammation and tissue damage. M2 cells are further divided into M2a and M2c subsets. M2a cells dominantly produce allergic cytokines IL-4 and IL-13, but M2c cells dominantly produce anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. M2a and M2c cells are differently involved in initiation, inflammation resolution, and tissue remodeling in the different stages of asthma. Microenvironment dynamically influences polarization of AM cells. Cytokines, chemokines, and immune-regulatory cells interplay and affect the balance between the polarization of M1 and M2 cells, subsequently influencing disease progression. Thus, modulation of AM phenotypes through molecular intervention has therapeutic potential in the treatment of asthma and other allergic inflammatory diseases. This review updated recent advances in polarization and functional specialization of these macrophage subtypes with emphasis on modulation of polarization of M2 cells in asthma of human subjects and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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31
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Chen S, Kammerl IE, Vosyka O, Baumann T, Yu Y, Wu Y, Irmler M, Overkleeft HS, Beckers J, Eickelberg O, Meiners S, Stoeger T. Immunoproteasome dysfunction augments alternative polarization of alveolar macrophages. Cell Death Differ 2016; 23:1026-37. [PMID: 26990663 PMCID: PMC4987736 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2016.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The proteasome is a central regulatory hub for intracellular signaling by degrading numerous signaling mediators. Immunoproteasomes are specialized types of proteasomes involved in shaping adaptive immune responses, but their role in innate immune signaling is still elusive. Here, we analyzed immunoproteasome function for polarization of alveolar macrophages, highly specialized tissue macrophages of the alveolar lung surface. Classical activation (M1 polarization) of primary alveolar macrophages by LPS/IFNγ transcriptionally induced all three immunoproteasome subunits, low molecular mass protein 2 (LMP2), LMP7 and multicatalytic endopeptidase complex-like 1, which was accompanied by increased immunoproteasome activity in M1 cells. Deficiency of LMP7 had no effect on the LPS/IFNγ-triggered M1 profile indicating that immunoproteasome function is dispensable for classical alveolar macrophage activation. In contrast, IL-4 triggered alternative (M2) activation of primary alveolar macrophages was accompanied by a transcriptionally independent amplified expression of LMP2 and LMP7 and an increase in immunoproteasome activity. Alveolar macrophages from LMP7 knockout mice disclosed a distorted M2 profile upon IL-4 stimulation as characterized by increased M2 marker gene expression and CCL17 cytokine release. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed enrichment of IL-4-responsive genes and of genes involved in cellular response to defense, wounding and inflammation in LMP7-deficient alveolar macrophages indicating a distinct M2 inflammation resolving phenotype. Moreover, augmented M2 polarization was accompanied by amplified AKT/STAT6 activation and increased RNA and protein expression of the M2 master transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 4 in LMP7(-/-) alveolar macrophages. IL-13 stimulation of LMP7-deficient macrophages induced a similar M2-skewed profile indicative for augmented signaling via the IL-4 receptor α (IL4Rα). IL4Rα expression was generally elevated only on protein but not RNA level in LMP7(-/-) alveolar macrophages. Importantly, specific catalytic inhibition with an LMP7-specific proteasome inhibitor confirmed augmented IL-4-mediated M2 polarization of alveolar macrophages. Our results thus suggest a novel role of immunoproteasome function for regulating alternative activation of macrophages by limiting IL4Rα expression and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chen
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Preclinical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - I E Kammerl
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - O Vosyka
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - T Baumann
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Y Yu
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Y Wu
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - M Irmler
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - H S Overkleeft
- Department of Bio-Organic Synthesis, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J Beckers
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
- Technische Universität München, Chair of Experimental Genetics, Freising, Germany
| | - O Eickelberg
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - S Meiners
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - T Stoeger
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
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Meng N, Hou Y, Gui Y, Xi K, Wang Y, Yang J, Chen H, Zhang X. [Effect of methyleugenol on expression of MUC5AC in nasal mucosa of rats with allergic rhinitis]. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2016; 45:477-485. [PMID: 28087907 PMCID: PMC10400839 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2016.09.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of methyleugenol on expression of MUC5AC in nasal mucosa of rats with allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods: Seventy-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:normal control group, AR group, loratadine group, low-dose methyleugenol group, middle-dose methyleugenol group and high-dose methyleugenol group with 12 rats in each group. AR was induced by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin in latter 5 groups. 10 mg loratadine q.d was given to rats in loratadine group by gavage; and 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg methyleugenol were given by gavege q.d to rats in low-, middle-and high-dose methyleugenol groups, respectively. Nasal mucosa samples were obtained from rats at 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks after drug intervention. The expression of MUC5AC protein and mRNA in nasal mucosa was detected by immunohistochemistry and real-time fluorescence quota PCR (RT-PCR), respectively. Results: Compared with AR, the percentage of cells staining positively for MUC5AC protein and the relative quantity of MUC5AC mRNA in middle-and high-dose methyleugenol groups were significantly decreased after 2 and 4 weeks of drug intervention (P<0.05), but no such decrease was observed in low-dose methyleugenol group at all time points (P>0.05). The percentage of cells with positive expression of MUC5AC protein and mRNA in loratadine group were significantly decreased after 1 week of administration (P<0.05). The percentage of cells with positive MUC5AC protein in middle-dose methyleugenol group was higher than that in loratadine group (P<0.05) after 6 week of drug intervention, but the difference was not seen in high-dose group (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in relative quantities of MUC5AC mRNA after 4 weeks of administration between high-and middle-dose methyeugenol groups and loratadine group (P>0.05). Conclusion: Methyleugenol can attenuate AR through inhibiting the expression of MUC5AC mRNA and protein in nasal mucosa of AR rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Meng
- Department of Child Care, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yun Hou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yan Gui
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Kehu Xi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Youhu Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Child Care, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Xiaobing Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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33
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Yao Y, Wang Y, Zhang Z, He L, Zhu J, Zhang M, He X, Cheng Z, Ao Q, Cao Y, Yang P, Su Y, Zhao J, Zhang S, Yu Q, Ning Q, Xiang X, Xiong W, Wang CY, Xu Y. Chop Deficiency Protects Mice Against Bleomycin-induced Pulmonary Fibrosis by Attenuating M2 Macrophage Production. Mol Ther 2016; 24:915-25. [PMID: 26883801 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2016.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
C/EBP homologous protein (Chop) has been shown to have altered expression in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but its exact role in IPF pathoaetiology has not been fully addressed. Studies conducted in patients with IPF and Chop(-/-) mice have dissected the role of Chop and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in pulmonary fibrosis pathogenesis. The effect of Chop deficiency on macrophage polarization and related signalling pathways were investigated to identify the underlying mechanisms. Patients with IPF and mice with bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis were affected by the altered Chop expression and ER stress. In particular, Chop deficiency protected mice against BLM-induced lung injury and fibrosis. Loss of Chop significantly attenuated transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) production and reduced M2 macrophage infiltration in the lung following BLM induction. Mechanistic studies showed that Chop deficiency repressed the M2 program in macrophages, which then attenuated TGF-β secretion. Specifically, loss of Chop promoted the expression of suppressors of cytokine signaling 1 and suppressors of cytokine signaling 3, and through which Chop deficiency repressed signal transducer and activator of transcription 6/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma signaling, the essential pathway for the M2 program in macrophages. Together, our data support the idea that Chop and ER stress are implicated in IPF pathoaetiology, involving at least the induction and differentiation of M2 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Yao
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Long He
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianghui Zhu
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyu He
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenshun Cheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qilin Ao
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Cao
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Yang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunchao Su
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jianping Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qilin Yu
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qin Ning
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xudong Xiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weining Xiong
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cong-Yi Wang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongjian Xu
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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34
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O'Leary CE, Lewis EL, Oliver PM. Ubiquitylation as a Rheostat for TCR Signaling: From Targeted Approaches Toward Global Profiling. Front Immunol 2015; 6:618. [PMID: 26732666 PMCID: PMC4679856 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell receptor (TCR) signaling must be precisely tuned to limit collateral damage and prevent reactivity to self, while still allowing robust protective immune responses that control pathogen invasion. One process that can be used to promote, modify, or terminate TCR signaling is ubiquitylation. During ubiquitylation, ubiquitin is covalently attached to target proteins through a multistep process, in which E3 ubiquitin ligases promote the formation of ubiquitin chains on selected substrates. Ubiquitylation can facilitate protein–protein interactions, direct a protein to a specific subcellular location, or initiate protein destruction. Like phosphorylation, ubiquitylation is a reversible process – deubiquitylating enzymes counteract ligase function by removing ubiquitin chains. This reversibility also allows for ubiquitin chain “editing.” Based on an emerging wealth of information from genetic loss-of-function studies showing that deregulation of ubiquitylation pathways leads to immune dysfunction, it has become increasingly apparent that the dynamic process of ubiquitylation is critical for normal immune cell function. In this review, we will describe how ubiquitylation acts as a key modulator and integrator of signaling downstream of TCR engagement. Specifically, we highlight the known roles of the substrate-specific E3 ligases and deubiquitylating enzymes in TCR signaling and T cell activation. While it is clear that ubiquitin enzymes tune T cell signaling and T cell function, elucidating the molecular mechanisms by which these proteins modulate T cells has met with significant challenges. Identifying substrates of these enzymes has been a particular challenge, and thus substrates of many E3 ligases and deubiquitylating enzymes remain largely unknown. To that end, we discuss the promise, and some practical considerations, of using proteomics-based techniques for unbiased identification of putative substrates of ubiquitin cascade proteins within primary T cells. These methods provide an exciting opportunity for further defining how TCR signals are regulated and for identifying new targets for therapeutic modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E O'Leary
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA , USA
| | - Emma L Lewis
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA , USA
| | - Paula M Oliver
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA , USA
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35
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara F Carr
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Monica Kraft
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
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36
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McCormick SM, Heller NM. Commentary: IL-4 and IL-13 receptors and signaling. Cytokine 2015; 75:38-50. [PMID: 26187331 PMCID: PMC4546937 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 were discovered approximately 30years ago and were immediately linked to allergy and atopic diseases. Since then, new roles for IL-4 and IL-13 and their receptors in normal gestation, fetal development and neurological function and in the pathogenesis of cancer and fibrosis have been appreciated. Studying IL-4/-13 and their receptors has revealed important clues about cytokine biology and led to the development of numerous experimental therapeutics. Here we aim to highlight new discoveries and consolidate concepts in the field of IL-4 and IL-13 structure, receptor regulation, signaling and experimental therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M McCormick
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Nicola M Heller
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States; Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States.
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37
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Glucagon Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Modulates OVA-Induced Airway Inflammation and Mucus Secretion Involving a Protein Kinase A (PKA)-Dependent Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) Signaling Pathway in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:20195-211. [PMID: 26343632 PMCID: PMC4613197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160920195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic pulmonary inflammatory disease, featured with mucus hyper-secretion in the airway. Recent studies found that glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs, including liraglutide and exenatide, possessed a potent anti-inflammatory property through a protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent signaling pathway. Therefore, the aim of current study was to investigate the value of GLP-1 analog therapy liraglutide in airway inflammation and mucus secretion in a murine model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma, and its underlying molecular mechanism. In our study, BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged by OVA to induce chronic asthma. Pathological alterations, the number of cells and the content of inflammatory mediators in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and mucus secretion were observed and measured. In addition, the mRNA and protein expression of E-selectin and MUC5AC were analyzed by qPCR and Western blotting. Then, the phosphorylation of PKA and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 were also measured by Western blotting. Further, NF-κB p65 DNA binding activity was detected by ELISA. OVA-induced airway inflammation, airway mucus hyper-secretion, the up-regulation of E-selectin and MUC5AC were remarkably inhibited by GLP-1 in mice (all p < 0.01). Then, we also found that OVA-reduced phosphorylation of PKA, and OVA-enhanced NF-κB p65 activation and NF-κB p65 DNA binding activity were markedly improved by GLP-1 (all p < 0.01). Furthermore, our data also figured out that these effects of GLP-1 were largely abrogated by the PKA inhibitor H-89 (all p < 0.01). Taken together, our results suggest that OVA-induced asthma were potently ameliorated by GLP-1 possibly through a PKA-dependent inactivation of NF-κB in mice, indicating that GLP-1 analogs may be considered an effective and safe drug for the potential treatment of asthma in the future.
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38
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CD300f associates with IL-4 receptor α and amplifies IL-4-induced immune cell responses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:8708-13. [PMID: 26124135 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1507625112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
IL-4 receptor (R) α, the common receptor chain for IL-4 and IL-13, is a critical component in IL-4- and IL-13-mediated signaling and subsequent effector functions such as those observed in type 2 inflammatory responses. Nonetheless, the existence of intrinsic pathways capable of amplifying IL-4Rα-induced responses remains unknown. In this study, we identified the myeloid-associated Ig receptor CD300f as an IL-4-induced molecule in macrophages. Subsequent analyses demonstrated that CD300f was colocalized and physically associated with IL-4Rα. Using Cd300f(-/-) cells and receptor cross-linking experiments, we established that CD300f amplified IL-4Rα-induced responses by augmenting IL-4/IL-13-induced signaling, mediator release, and priming. Consistently, IL-4- and aeroallergen-treated Cd300f(-/-) mice displayed decreased IgE production, chemokine expression, and inflammatory cell recruitment. Impaired responses in Cd300f(-/-) mice were not due to the inability to generate a proper Th2 response, because IL-4/IL-13 levels were markedly increased in allergen-challenged Cd300f(-/-) mice, a finding that is consistent with decreased cytokine consumption. Finally, CD300f expression was increased in monocytes and eosinophils obtained from allergic rhinitis patients. Collectively, our data highlight a previously unidentified role for CD300f in IL-4Rα-induced immune cell responses. These data provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms governing IL-4Rα-induced responses, and may provide new therapeutic tools to target IL-4 in allergy and asthma.
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39
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The E3 ligase CHIP: insights into its structure and regulation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:918183. [PMID: 24868554 PMCID: PMC4017836 DOI: 10.1155/2014/918183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The carboxy-terminus of Hsc70 interacting protein (CHIP) is a cochaperone E3 ligase containing three tandem repeats of tetratricopeptide (TPR) motifs and a C-terminal U-box domain separated by a charged coiled-coil region. CHIP is known to function as a central quality control E3 ligase and regulates several proteins involved in a myriad of physiological and pathological processes. Recent studies have highlighted varied regulatory mechanisms operating on the activity of CHIP which is crucial for cellular homeostasis. In this review article, we give a concise account of our current knowledge on the biochemistry and regulation of CHIP.
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Yadava K, Marsland BJ. IL-4Rα, a STUB-strate for proteasomal degradation: understanding the termination of cytokine signaling in asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2014; 189:4-6. [PMID: 24381986 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201311-2083ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Koshika Yadava
- 1 Faculty of Biology and Medicine University of Lausanne Lausanne, Switzerland
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41
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Pashkov BM. [Peculiarities of the clinical picture of some dermatoses localized in the buccal mucosa]. Exp Cell Res 1970; 353:46-53. [PMID: 28279658 PMCID: PMC5381905 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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