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Pérez-Pazos J, García-Sánchez A, Estravís M, Moreno-Jimenez E, Morgado N, Gómez-García M, Ramos-González J, Gil-Melcón M, Martín-García C, Muñoz-Bellido F, Sanz C, Isidoro-García M, Dávila I. Beyond type 2 asthma biomarkers: risk stratification for NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease. ERJ Open Res 2024; 10:00909-2023. [PMID: 39104947 PMCID: PMC11299009 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00909-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Type 2 (T2) asthma is often associated with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). Additionally, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) intolerance leads to NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD). Previous transcriptomic data in non-CRSwNP T2 asthma patients showed differentially expressed genes. We focused on ALOX15, CLC, CYSLTR2, HRH4 and SMPD3 to investigate their role in T2 asthma. Methods The study included 100 healthy controls and 103 T2 asthma patients, divided into patients with asthma (n=54), patients with asthma and CRSwNP (n=29) and patients with N-ERD (n=20). Quantitative PCR analysis was performed on blood-derived RNA samples first to validate the five differentially expressed genes. The data were further analysed to find potential associations and biomarkers. Results Patients, regardless of stratification, exhibited significantly higher gene expression than healthy controls. The patterns of association revealed that ALOX15 was exclusively present in the non-comorbidity group, SMPD3 and CLC in the comorbidity groups, and HRH4 in all patient groups. ALOX15, CYSLTR2 and SMPD3 expression showed potential as biomarkers to confirm the diagnosis of T2 asthma using peripheral blood eosinophils as the initial criterion. Peripheral blood eosinophils combined with gene expression, especially SMPD3, may improve the diagnosis. CLC and CYSLTR2 expression play a specific role in discriminating N-ERD. Discussion We validated the transcriptomic data of five differentially expressed genes in T2 asthma. Different patterns of association were identified in patient stratification, suggesting that different molecular mechanisms underlie the spectrum of T2 asthma. Potential biomarkers were also found and used to design an algorithm with practical diagnostic utility for T2 asthma, including risk stratification for N-ERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Pérez-Pazos
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Pharmacogenetics and Precision Medicine Unit, Clinical Biochemistry Department, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Asunción García-Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias – RICORS, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Salamanca, Biomedical and Diagnostics Sciences Department, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Miguel Estravís
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias – RICORS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emma Moreno-Jimenez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Universidad de Salamanca, Microbiology and Genetics Department, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Natalia Morgado
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Universidad de Salamanca, Biomedical and Diagnostics Sciences Department, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Manuel Gómez-García
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Pharmacogenetics and Precision Medicine Unit, Clinical Biochemistry Department, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - María Gil-Melcón
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Cristina Martín-García
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Allergy Department, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Francisco Muñoz-Bellido
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias – RICORS, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Allergy Department, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Catalina Sanz
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias – RICORS, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Salamanca, Microbiology and Genetics Department, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Isidoro-García
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias – RICORS, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Salamanca, Medicine Department, Salamanca, Spain
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Clinical Biochemistry Department, Salamanca, Spain
- These authors shared senior authorship
| | - Ignacio Dávila
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias – RICORS, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Salamanca, Biomedical and Diagnostics Sciences Department, Salamanca, Spain
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Allergy Department, Salamanca, Spain
- These authors shared senior authorship
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Kleuser B, Schumacher F, Gulbins E. New Therapeutic Options in Pulmonal Diseases: Sphingolipids and Modulation of Sphingolipid Metabolism. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2024; 284:289-312. [PMID: 37922034 DOI: 10.1007/164_2023_700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are crucial molecules in the respiratory airways. As in most other tissues and organs, in the lung sphingolipids play an essential role as structural constituents as they regulate barrier function and fluidity of cell membranes. A lung-specific feature is the occurrence of sphingolipids as minor structural components in the surfactant. However, sphingolipids are also key signaling molecules involved in airway cell signaling and their dynamical formation and metabolism are important for normal lung physiology. Dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism and signaling is involved in altering lung tissue and initiates inflammatory processes promoting the pathogenesis of pulmonal diseases including cystic fibrosis (CF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and asthma.In the present review, the important role of specific sphingolipid species in pulmonal diseases will be discussed. Only such an understanding opens up the possibility of developing new therapeutic strategies with the aim of correcting the imbalance in sphingolipid metabolism and signaling. Such delivery strategies have already been studied in animal models of these lung diseases, demonstrating that targeting the sphingolipid profile represents new therapeutic opportunities for lung disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burkhard Kleuser
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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3
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Li H, Zhang L, Yang F, Feng X, Fu R, Zhao R, Li X, Li H. Lipid-lowering drugs affect lung cancer risk via sphingolipid metabolism: a drug-target Mendelian randomization study. Front Genet 2023; 14:1269291. [PMID: 38034491 PMCID: PMC10687161 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1269291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The causal relationship between lipid-lowering drug (LLD) use and lung cancer risk is controversial, and the role of sphingolipid metabolism in this effect remains unclear. Methods: Genome-wide association study data on low-density lipoprotein (LDL), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), and triglycerides (TG) were used to develop genetic instrumental variables (IVs) for LLDs. Two-step Mendelian randomization analyses were performed to examine the causal relationship between LLDs and lung cancer risk. The effects of ceramide, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), and ceramidases on lung cancer risk were explored, and the proportions of the effects of LLDs on lung cancer risk mediated by sphingolipid metabolism were calculated. Results: APOB inhibition decreased the lung cancer risk in ever-smokers via ApoB (odds ratio [OR] 0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70-0.92, p = 0.010), LDL (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.71-0.96, p = 0.040), and TG (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.46-0.83, p = 0.015) reduction by 1 standard deviation (SD), decreased small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) risk via LDL reduction by 1 SD (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.56-0.90, p = 0.016), and decreased the plasma ceramide level and increased the neutral ceramidase level. APOC3 inhibition decreased the lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) risk (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.43-0.84, p = 0.039) but increased SCLC risk (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.17-4.09, p = 0.029) via ApoB reduction by 1 SD. HMGCR inhibition increased SCLC risk via ApoB reduction by 1 SD (OR 3.04, 95% CI 1.38-6.70, p = 0.014). The LPL agonist decreased SCLC risk via ApoB (OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.07-0.58, p = 0.012) and TG reduction (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.43-0.77, p = 0.003) while increased the plasma S1P level. PCSK9 inhibition decreased the ceramide level. Neutral ceramidase mediated 8.1% and 9.5% of the reduced lung cancer risk in ever-smokers via ApoB and TG reduction by APOB inhibition, respectively, and mediated 8.7% of the reduced LUAD risk via ApoB reduction by APOC3 inhibition. Conclusion: We elucidated the intricate interplay between LLDs, sphingolipid metabolites, and lung cancer risk. Associations of APOB, APOC3, and HMGCR inhibition and LPL agonist with distinct lung cancer risks underscore the multifaceted nature of these relationships. The observed mediation effects highlight the considerable influence of neutral ceramidase on the lung cancer risk reduction achieved by APOB and APOC3 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Li
- First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Feiran Yang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoteng Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Fu
- First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ruohan Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiurong Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huijie Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Gharib AR, Jensen PN, Psaty BM, Hoofnagle AN, Siscovick D, Gharib SA, Sitlani CM, Sotoodehnia N, Lemaitre RN. Plasma sphingolipids, lung function and COPD: the Cardiovascular Health Study. ERJ Open Res 2023; 9:00346-2022. [PMID: 37020834 PMCID: PMC10068528 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00346-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale COPD is the third leading cause of death in the United States. Sphingolipids, structural membrane constituents that play a role in cellular stress and apoptosis signalling, may be involved in lung function. Methods In the Cardiovascular Health Study, a prospective cohort of older adults, we cross-sectionally examined the association of plasma levels of 17 sphingolipid species with lung function and COPD. Multivariable linear regression and logistic regression were used to evaluate associations of sphingolipid concentrations with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and odds of COPD, respectively. Results Of the 17 sphingolipids evaluated, ceramide-18 (Cer-18) and sphingomyelin-18 (SM-18) were associated with lower FEV1 values (-0.061 L per two-fold higher Cer-18, p=0.001; -0.092 L per two-fold higher SM-18, p=0.002) after correction for multiple testing. Several other associations were significant at a 0.05 level, but did not reach statistical significance after correction for multiple testing. Specifically, Cer-18 and SM-18 were associated with higher odds of COPD (odds ratio per two-fold higher Cer-18 1.29, p=0.03 and SM-18 1.73, p=0.008). Additionally, Cer-16 and SM-16 were associated with lower FEV1 values, and Cer-14, SM-14 and SM-16 with a higher odds of COPD. Conclusion In this large cross-sectional study, specific ceramides and sphingomyelins were associated with reduced lung function in a population-based study. Future studies are needed to examine whether these biomarkers are associated with longitudinal change in FEV1 within individuals or with incident COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arya R Gharib
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul N Jensen
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew N Hoofnagle
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Sina A Gharib
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Colleen M Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Cigarette Smoke Extract Induces p38 MAPK-Initiated, Fas-Mediated Eryptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314730. [PMID: 36499060 PMCID: PMC9738679 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Eryptosis is a physiological mechanism for the clearance of senescent or damaged erythrocytes by phagocytes. Excessive eryptosis is stimulated under several pathologies and associated with endothelial injury and thrombosis. Cigarette smoke (CS) is an established risk factor for vascular diseases and cigarette smokers have high-levels of eryptotic erythrocytes. This study, for the first time, investigates the mechanism by which CS damages red blood cells (RBCs). CS extract (CSE) from commercial cigarettes was prepared and standardized for nicotine content. Cytofluorimetric analysis demonstrated that treatment of human RBCs with CSE caused dose-dependent, phosphatidylserine externalization and cell shrinkage, hallmarks of apoptotic death. CSE did not affect cellular levels of Ca2+, reactive oxygen species (ROS) or glutathione (GSH). Immununoprecipitation and immunoblotting revealed the assembly of the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) and oligomerization of Fas receptor as well as cleaved caspase-8 and caspase-3 within 6 h from the treatment. At the same time-interval, CSE elicited neutral sphyngomielinase (nSMase) activity-dependent ceramide formation and phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. Through specific inhibitors' nSMase, caspase-8 or p38 MAPK activities, we demonstrated that p38 MAPK activation is required for caspase-8-mediated eryptosis and that ceramide generation is initiator caspase-dependent. Finally, ex vivo analysis detected phosphorylated p38 MAPK (p-p38) and Fas-associated signaling complex in erythrocytes from cigarette smokers. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that CSE exposure induces in erythrocytes an extrinsic apoptotic pathway involving p38 MAPK-initiated DISC formation followed by activation of caspase-8/caspase-3 via ceramide formation.
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6
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Goel K, Schweitzer KS, Serban KA, Bittman R, Petrache I. Pharmacological sphingosine-1 phosphate receptor 1 targeting in cigarette smoke-induced emphysema in mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 322:L794-L803. [PMID: 35412858 PMCID: PMC9109793 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00017.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Primarily caused by chronic cigarette smoking (CS), emphysema is characterized by loss of alveolar cells comprising lung units involved in gas exchange and inflammation that culminate in airspace enlargement. Dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism with increases of ceramide relative to sphingosine-1 phosphate (S1P) signaling has been shown to cause lung cell apoptosis and is emerging as a potential therapeutic target in emphysema. We sought to determine the impact of augmenting S1P signaling via S1P receptor 1 (S1P1) in a mouse model of CS-induced emphysema. DBA2 mice were exposed to CS for 4 or 6 mo and treated with pharmacological agonists of S1P1: phosphonated FTY720 (FTY720-1S and 2S analogs; 0.01-1.0 mg/kg) or GSK183303A (10 mg/kg). Pharmacological S1P1 agonists ameliorated CS-induced lung parenchymal apoptosis and airspace enlargement as well as loss of body weight. S1P1 agonists had modest inhibitory effects on CS-induced airspace inflammation and lung functional changes measured by Flexivent, improving lung tissue resistance. S1P1 abundance was reduced in chronic CS-conditions and remained decreased after CS-cessation or treatment with FTY720-1S. These results support an important role for S1P-S1P1 axis in maintaining the structural integrity of alveoli during chronic CS exposure and suggest that increasing both S1P1 signaling and abundance may be beneficial to counteract the effects of chronic CS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushboo Goel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kelly S Schweitzer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Karina A Serban
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Robert Bittman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College City University of New York, Queens, New York
| | - Irina Petrache
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
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7
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Tajbakhsh A, Gheibihayat SM, Mortazavi D, Medhati P, Rostami B, Savardashtaki A, Momtazi-Borojeni AA. The Effect of Cigarette Smoke Exposure on Efferocytosis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment Opportunities. COPD 2021; 18:723-736. [PMID: 34865568 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2021.1978419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking-related inflammation, cellular stresses, and tissue destruction play a key role in lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Notably, augmented apoptosis and impaired clearance of apoptotic cells, efferocytosis, contribute to the chronic inflammatory response and tissue destruction in patients with COPD. Of note, exposure to cigarette smoke can impair alveolar macrophages efferocytosis activity, which leads to secondary necrosis formation and tissue inflammation. A better understanding of the processes behind the effect of cigarette smoke on efferocytosis concerning lung disorders can help to design more efficient treatment approaches and also delay the development of lung disease, such as COPD. To this end, we aimed to seek mechanisms underlying the impairing effect of cigarette smoke on macrophages-mediated efferocytosis in COPD. Further, available therapeutic opportunities for restoring efferocytosis activity and ameliorating respiratory tract inflammation in smokers with COPD were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Tajbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Gheibihayat
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Deniz Mortazavi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Pourya Medhati
- Student research committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Behrouz Rostami
- Health & Treatment Center of Rostam, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Savardashtaki
- Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Iran's National Elites Foundation, Tehran, Iran
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Xiang H, Jin S, Tan F, Xu Y, Lu Y, Wu T. Physiological functions and therapeutic applications of neutral sphingomyelinase and acid sphingomyelinase. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111610. [PMID: 33957567 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingomyelin (SM) can be converted into ceramide (Cer) by neutral sphingomyelinase (NSM) and acid sphingomyelinase (ASM). Cer is a second messenger of lipids and can regulate cell growth and apoptosis. Increasing evidence shows that NSM and ASM play key roles in many processes, such as apoptosis, immune function and inflammation. Therefore, NSM and ASM have broad prospects in clinical treatments, especially in cancer, cardiovascular diseases (such as atherosclerosis), nervous system diseases (such as Alzheimer's disease), respiratory diseases (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and the phenotype of dwarfisms in adolescents, playing a complex regulatory role. This review focuses on the physiological functions of NSM and ASM and summarizes their roles in certain diseases and their potential applications in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjiao Xiang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengjie Jin
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenglang Tan
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Xu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifei Lu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Regulation of cell growth, survival and migration by ceramide 1-phosphate - implications in lung cancer progression and inflammation. Cell Signal 2021; 83:109980. [PMID: 33727076 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.109980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid that is implicated in the regulation of vital cellular functions and plays key roles in a number of inflammation-associated pathologies. C1P was first described as mitogenic for fibroblasts and macrophages and was later found to promote cell survival in different cell types. The mechanisms involved in the mitogenic actions of C1P include activation of MEK/ERK1-2, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, or PKC-α, whereas promotion of cell survival required a substantial reduction of ceramide levels through inhibition of serine palmitoyl transferase or sphingomyelinase activities. C1P and ceramide kinase (CerK), the enzyme responsible for its biosynthesis in mammalian cells, play key roles in tumor promotion and dissemination. CerK-derived C1P can be secreted to the extracellular milieu by different cell types and is also present in extracellular vesicles. In this context, whilst cell proliferation is regulated by intracellularly generated C1P, stimulation of cell migration/invasion requires the intervention of exogenous C1P. Regarding inflammation, C1P was first described as pro-inflammatory in a variety of cell types. However, cigarette smoke- or lipopolysaccharide-induced lung inflammation in mouse or human cells was overcome by pretreatment with natural or synthetic C1P analogs. Both acute and chronic lung inflammation, and the development of lung emphysema were substantially reduced by exogenous C1P applications, pointing to an anti-inflammatory action of C1P in the lungs. The molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of cell growth, survival and migration with especial emphasis in the control of lung cancer biology are discussed.
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Katz-Kiriakos E, Steinberg DF, Kluender CE, Osorio OA, Newsom-Stewart C, Baronia A, Byers DE, Holtzman MJ, Katafiasz D, Bailey KL, Brody SL, Miller MJ, Alexander-Brett J. Epithelial IL-33 appropriates exosome trafficking for secretion in chronic airway disease. JCI Insight 2021; 6:136166. [PMID: 33507882 PMCID: PMC7934940 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.136166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IL-33 is a key mediator of chronic airway disease driven by type 2 immune pathways, yet the nonclassical secretory mechanism for this cytokine remains undefined. We performed a comprehensive analysis in human airway epithelial cells, which revealed that tonic IL-33 secretion is dependent on the ceramide biosynthetic enzyme neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2). IL-33 is cosecreted with exosomes by the nSMase2-regulated multivesicular endosome (MVE) pathway as surface-bound cargo. In support of these findings, human chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) specimens exhibited increased epithelial expression of the abundantly secreted IL33Δ34 isoform and augmented nSMase2 expression compared with non-COPD specimens. Using an Alternaria-induced airway disease model, we found that the nSMase2 inhibitor GW4869 abrogated both IL-33 and exosome secretion as well as downstream inflammatory pathways. This work elucidates a potentially novel aspect of IL-33 biology that may be targeted for therapeutic benefit in chronic airway diseases driven by type 2 inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Katz-Kiriakos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Deborah F Steinberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Colin E Kluender
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Omar A Osorio
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | | | - Arjun Baronia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Derek E Byers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Michael J Holtzman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Dawn Katafiasz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Kristina L Bailey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Steven L Brody
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Mark J Miller
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and
| | - Jennifer Alexander-Brett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Motono N, Ueda Y, Shimasaki M, Iwai S, Iijima Y, Usuda K, Uramoto H. Prognostic Impact of Sphingosine Kinase 1 in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer. CLINICAL PATHOLOGY 2021; 14:2632010X20988531. [PMID: 33623898 PMCID: PMC7879003 DOI: 10.1177/2632010x20988531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive sphingolipid is clearly relevant to lung physiology. The relationship of the bioactive sphingolipid pathway to pulmonary disease has been studied in cellular, tissue, and animal model, including lung cancer models. The samples of 53 patients diagnosed with nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) between June 2009 and May 2014 at our hospital were analyzed. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis was performed. The degree of immunostaining was reviewed and scored. Using this method of assessment, we evaluated the IHC score of sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1), vimentin, E-cadherin, and Ki-67. Both invasive adenocarcinoma cell and squamous cell carcinoma cell were well stained by SPHK1, and fibroblasts were also well stained by SPHK1. Although the IHC score of SPHK1 was not significantly differed between invasive adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, the IHC scores of fibroblast, vimentin, and Ki-67 were higher in squamous cell carcinoma than invasive adenocarcinoma. Correlation among IHC scores in each of invasive adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma was performed. SPHK1 had positive correlation with both fibroblast and Ki-67, and fibroblast and Ki-67 had also positive correlation in invasive adenocarcinoma. On the contrary, SPHK1 had no significant correlation with fibroblast, and had negative correlation with Ki-67 in squamous cell carcinoma. Although there was not significant prognostic difference in SPHK1 score (P = .09), IHC score high group tended to be worse on relapse-free survival. SPHK1 might be prognostic factor in lung-invasive adenocarcinoma and novel target for drug against lung-invasive adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomu Motono
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Yoshimichi Ueda
- Department of Pathology II, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Miyako Shimasaki
- Department of Pathology II, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Shun Iwai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Iijima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Katsuo Usuda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Uramoto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
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12
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Zong DD, Liu XM, Li JH, Ouyang RY, Long YJ, Chen P, Chen Y. Resveratrol attenuates cigarette smoke induced endothelial apoptosis by activating Notch1 signaling mediated autophagy. Respir Res 2021; 22:22. [PMID: 33468121 PMCID: PMC7816466 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01620-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence shows that endothelial apoptosis contributes to cigarette smoke (CS)-induced disease progression, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Our previous studies have validated Notch1 as an anti-apoptotic signaling in CS-induced endothelial apoptosis. Resveratrol (RESV) is a naturally occurring polyphenol that exhibits an anti-apoptotic activity in endothelial cells that exposed to many kinds of destructive stimulus. However, the effects of resveratrol on Notch1 signaling in CS-induced endothelial apoptosis have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine whether RESV can protect endothelial cells from CS-induced apoptosis via regulating Notch1 signaling. Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were pretreated with RESV for 2 h, followed by cotreatment with 2.5%CSE for 24 h to explore the role of RESV in CSE induced endothelial apoptosis. 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or rapamycin was used to alter autophagic levels. Lentivirus Notch1 intracellular domain (LV-N1ICD), γ-secretase inhibitor (DAPT) and Notch1 siRNA were used to change Notch1 expression. The expression of Notch1, autophagic and apoptotic markers were examined by Western blot and the apoptosis rate was detected by Flow cytometry analysis. Results Our results showed that activating autophagy reduced CSE-induced endothelial apoptosis, while blocking autophagy promoted cell apoptosis in HUVECs. RESV pretreatment attenuated the CSE-induced endothelial apoptosis and activated Notch1 signaling. RESV pretreatment also increased LC3b-II and Beclin1 production, decreased p62 and mTOR expression. 3-MA treatment inhibited autophagy and aggravated CSE induced apoptosis, while rapamycin promoted autophagy, led to a decrease in cell apoptosis. LV-N1ICD transfection upregulated autophagy and reduced apoptosis. However, this protective effect was abolished by 3-MA treatment. In cells treated with DAPT or Notch1 siRNA, autophagy was decreased, while apoptosis was increased. RESV partly rescued the DAPT or Notch1 siRNA induced apoptosis by activating Notch1 signaling. Conclusion In HUVECs, RESV attenuates CSE induced endothelial apoptosis by inducing autophagy in a Notch1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Zong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.,Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.,Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang-Ming Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.,Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.,Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jin-Hua Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.,Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.,Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ruo-Yun Ouyang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.,Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.,Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ying-Jiao Long
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.,Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.,Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China. .,Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China. .,Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China. .,Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China. .,Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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13
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Xuan L, Han F, Gong L, Lv Y, Wan Z, Liu H, Ren L, Yang S, Zhang W, Li T, Tan C, Liu L. Ceramide induces MMP-9 expression through JAK2/STAT3 pathway in airway epithelium. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:196. [PMID: 32829707 PMCID: PMC7444274 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01373-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ceramide, a bioactive lipid, plays an essential role in the development of several pulmonary inflammatory diseases. Matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) regulates the synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix, and is associated with airway remodeling and tissue injury. This study was conducted to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of ceramide on MMP-9 expression in airway epithelium. METHODS BEAS-2B cells, normal human bronchial epithelium cell lines, were pretreated with AG490, a selective janus tyrosine kinase 2 (JAK2) inhibitor, or Stattic, a selective signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor. The cells were then stimulated with C6-ceramide. The levels of MMP-9 were determined by ELISA and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). JAK2, phosphorylated JAK2 (p-JAK2), STAT3, and phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) expression was examined by Western blotting. BALB/c mice were pretreated with AG490 or Stattic before intratracheally instillated with C6-ceramide. Pathological changes in lung tissues were examined by Hematoxylin and Eosin staining, Periodic-acid Schiff staining, and Masson's trichrome staining. MMP-9, JAK2, p-JAK2, STAT3, and p-STAT3 expression in the lung tissues was examined by Western blotting. RESULTS The expression of MMP-9, p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 in BEAS-2B cells was significantly increased after the treatment of C6-ceramide. Furthermore, the increased expression of MMP-9 induced by C6-ceramide was inhibited by AG490 and Stattic. Similar results were obtained in the lung tissues of C6-ceramide-exposed mice which were treated with AG490 or Stattic. CONCLUSIONS Ceramide could up-regulate MMP-9 expression through the activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in airway epithelium. Targeted modulation of the ceramide signaling pathway may offer a potential therapeutic approach for inhibiting MMP-9 expression. This study points to a potentially novel approach to alleviating airway remodeling in inflammatory airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Xuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Feifei Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zirui Wan
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lulu Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunting Tan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lihong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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14
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Liessi N, Pesce E, Braccia C, Bertozzi SM, Giraudo A, Bandiera T, Pedemonte N, Armirotti A. Distinctive lipid signatures of bronchial epithelial cells associated with cystic fibrosis drugs, including Trikafta. JCI Insight 2020; 5:138722. [PMID: 32673287 PMCID: PMC7455125 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.138722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, a number of drugs have been approved for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF). Among them, newly released Trikafta, a combination of 3 drugs (VX-661/VX-445/VX-770), holds great promise to radically improve the quality of life for a large portion of patients with CF carrying 1 copy of F508del, the most frequent CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mutation. Currently available disease-modifying CF drugs work by rescuing the function of the mutated CFTR anion channel. Recent research has shown that membrane lipids, and the cell lipidome in general, play a significant role in the mechanism of CFTR-defective trafficking and, on the other hand, its rescue. In this paper, by using untargeted lipidomics on CFBE41o- cells, we identified distinctive changes in the bronchial epithelial cell lipidome associated with treatment with Trikafta and other CF drugs. Particularly interesting was the reduction of levels of ceramide, a known molecular player in the induction of apoptosis, which appeared to be associated with a decrease in the susceptibility of cells to undergo apoptosis. This evidence could account for additional beneficial roles of the triple combination of drugs on CF phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nara Liessi
- Analytical Chemistry Lab, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Emanuela Pesce
- L'Unità Operativa Complessa (UOC) Genetica Medica, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Clarissa Braccia
- D3 PharmaChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | - Tiziano Bandiera
- D3 PharmaChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Pedemonte
- L'Unità Operativa Complessa (UOC) Genetica Medica, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Armirotti
- Analytical Chemistry Lab, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
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15
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Leuti A, Fazio D, Fava M, Piccoli A, Oddi S, Maccarrone M. Bioactive lipids, inflammation and chronic diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:133-169. [PMID: 32628989 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous bioactive lipids are part of a complex network that modulates a plethora of cellular and molecular processes involved in health and disease, of which inflammation represents one of the most prominent examples. Inflammation serves as a well-conserved defence mechanism, triggered in the event of chemical, mechanical or microbial damage, that is meant to eradicate the source of damage and restore tissue function. However, excessive inflammatory signals, or impairment of pro-resolving/anti-inflammatory pathways leads to chronic inflammation, which is a hallmark of chronic pathologies. All main classes of endogenous bioactive lipids - namely eicosanoids, specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators, lysoglycerophopsholipids and endocannabinoids - have been consistently involved in the chronic inflammation that characterises pathologies such as cancer, diabetes, atherosclerosis, asthma, as well as autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorders and inflammatory bowel diseases. This review gathers the current knowledge concerning the involvement of endogenous bioactive lipids in the pathogenic processes of chronic inflammatory pathologies.
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16
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Gupta G, Baumlin N, Poon J, Ahmed B, Chiang YP, Railwah C, Kim MD, Rivas M, Goldenberg H, Elgamal Z, Salathe M, Panwala AA, Dabo A, Huan C, Foronjy R, Jiang XC, Wadgaonkar R, Geraghty P. Airway Resistance Caused by Sphingomyelin Synthase 2 Insufficiency in Response to Cigarette Smoke. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 62:342-353. [PMID: 31517509 PMCID: PMC7055695 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0133oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingomyelin synthase is responsible for the production of sphingomyelin (SGM), the second most abundant phospholipid in mammalian plasma, from ceramide, a major sphingolipid. Knowledge of the effects of cigarette smoke on SGM production is limited. In the present study, we examined the effect of chronic cigarette smoke on sphingomyelin synthase (SGMS) activity and evaluated how the deficiency of Sgms2, one of the two isoforms of mammalian SGMS, impacts pulmonary function. Sgms2-knockout and wild-type control mice were exposed to cigarette smoke for 6 months, and pulmonary function testing was performed. SGMS2-dependent signaling was investigated in these mice and in human monocyte-derived macrophages of nonsmokers and human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells isolated from healthy nonsmokers and subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Chronic cigarette smoke reduces SGMS activity and Sgms2 gene expression in mouse lungs. Sgms2-deficient mice exhibited enhanced airway and tissue resistance after chronic cigarette smoke exposure, but had similar degrees of emphysema, compared with smoke-exposed wild-type mice. Sgms2-/- mice had greater AKT phosphorylation, peribronchial collagen deposition, and protease activity in their lungs after smoke inhalation. Similarly, we identified reduced SGMS2 expression and enhanced phosphorylation of AKT and protease production in HBE cells isolated from subjects with COPD. Selective inhibition of AKT activity or overexpression of SGMS2 reduced the production of several matrix metalloproteinases in HBE cells and monocyte-derived macrophages. Our study demonstrates that smoke-regulated Sgms2 gene expression influences key COPD features in mice, including airway resistance, AKT signaling, and protease production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri Gupta
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Nathalie Baumlin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and
| | - Justin Poon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Begum Ahmed
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | | | | | - Michael D. Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and
| | - Melissa Rivas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Hannah Goldenberg
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Ziyad Elgamal
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Matthias Salathe
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and
| | - Apurav A. Panwala
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Abdoulaye Dabo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Department of Cell Biology, and
| | - Chongmin Huan
- Department of Cell Biology, and
- Department of Surgery, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Robert Foronjy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Department of Cell Biology, and
| | - Xian-Cheng Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology, and
- VA Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Raj Wadgaonkar
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Department of Cell Biology, and
- VA Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Patrick Geraghty
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Department of Cell Biology, and
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17
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Presa N, Gomez-Larrauri A, Dominguez-Herrera A, Trueba M, Gomez-Muñoz A. Novel signaling aspects of ceramide 1-phosphate. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158630. [PMID: 31958571 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The bioactive sphingolipid ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P) regulates key physiologic cell functions and is implicated in a number of metabolic alterations and pathological processes. Initial studies using different types of fibroblasts and monocytes/macrophages revealed that C1P was mitogenic and that it promoted cell survival through inhibition of apoptosis. Subsequent studies implicated C1P in inflammatory responses with a specific role as pro-inflammatory agent. Specifically, C1P potently stimulated cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) resulting in elevation of arachidonic acid and pro-inflammatory eicosanoid levels. However, increasing experimental evidence suggests that C1P can also exert anti-inflammatory actions in some cell types and tissues. Specifically, it has been demonstrated that C1P inhibits the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and blocks activation of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB in some cell types. Moreover, C1P was shown to increase the release of anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 in macrophages, and to overcome airway inflammation and reduce lung emphysema in vivo. Noteworthy, C1P stimulated cell migration, an action that is associated with diverse physiological cell functions, as well as with inflammatory responses and tumor dissemination. More recently, ceramide kinase (CerK), the enzyme that produces C1P in mammalian cells, has been shown to be upregulated during differentiation of pre-adipocytes into mature adipocytes, and that exogenous C1P, acting through a putative Gi protein-coupled receptor, negatively regulates adipogenesis. Although the latter actions seem to be contradictory, it is plausible that exogenous C1P may balance the adipogenic effects of intracellularly generated (CerK-derived) C1P in adipose tissue. The present review highlights novel signaling aspects of C1P and its impact in the regulation of cell growth and survival, inflammation and tumor dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Presa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Ana Gomez-Larrauri
- Department of Pneumology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Asier Dominguez-Herrera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Miguel Trueba
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Antonio Gomez-Muñoz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Vizcaya, Spain.
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18
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Iron and Sphingolipids as Common Players of (Mal)Adaptation to Hypoxia in Pulmonary Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21010307. [PMID: 31906427 PMCID: PMC6981703 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, or lack of oxygen, can occur in both physiological (high altitude) and pathological conditions (respiratory diseases). In this narrative review, we introduce high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and Cystic Fibrosis (CF) as examples of maladaptation to hypoxia, and highlight some of the potential mechanisms influencing the prognosis of the affected patients. Among the specific pathways modulated in response to hypoxia, iron metabolism has been widely explored in recent years. Recent evidence emphasizes hepcidin as highly involved in the compensatory response to hypoxia in healthy subjects. A less investigated field in the adaptation to hypoxia is the sphingolipid (SPL) metabolism, especially through Ceramide and sphingosine 1 phosphate. Both individually and in concert, iron and SPL are active players of the (mal)adaptation to physiological hypoxia, which can result in the pathological HAPE. Our aim is to identify some pathways and/or markers involved in the physiological adaptation to low atmospheric pressures (high altitudes) that could be involved in pathological adaptation to hypoxia as it occurs in pulmonary inflammatory diseases. Hepcidin, Cer, S1P, and their interplay in hypoxia are raising growing interest both as prognostic factors and therapeutical targets.
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19
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Jiang Y, Gruzieva O, Wang T, Forno E, Boutaoui N, Sun T, Merid SK, Acosta-Pérez E, Kull I, Canino G, Antó JM, Bousquet J, Melén E, Chen W, Celedón JC. Transcriptomics of atopy and atopic asthma in white blood cells from children and adolescents. Eur Respir J 2019; 53:13993003.00102-2019. [PMID: 30923181 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00102-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Early allergic sensitisation (atopy) is the first step in the development of allergic diseases such as atopic asthma later in life. Genes and pathways associated with atopy and atopic asthma in children and adolescents have not been well characterised.A transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) of atopy and atopic asthma in white blood cells (WBCs) or whole blood was conducted in a cohort of 460 Puerto Ricans aged 9-20 years (EVA-PR study) and in a cohort of 250 Swedish adolescents (BAMSE study). Pathway enrichment and network analyses were conducted to further assess top findings, and classification models of atopy and atopic asthma were built using expression levels for the top differentially expressed genes (DEGs).In a meta-analysis of the study cohorts, both previously implicated genes (e.g. IL5RA and IL1RL1) and genes not previously reported in TWASs (novel) were significantly associated with atopy and/or atopic asthma. Top novel genes for atopy included SIGLEC8 (p=8.07×10-13), SLC29A1 (p=7.07×10-12) and SMPD3 (p=1.48×10-11). Expression quantitative trait locus analyses identified multiple asthma-relevant genotype-expression pairs, such as rs2255888/ALOX15 Pathway enrichment analysis uncovered 16 significantly enriched pathways at adjusted p<0.01, including those relevant to T-helper cell type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses. Classification models built using the top DEGs and a few demographic/parental history variables accurately differentiated subjects with atopic asthma from nonatopic control subjects (area under the curve 0.84).We have identified genes and pathways for atopy and atopic asthma in children and adolescents, using transcriptome-wide data from WBCs and whole blood samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yale Jiang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,These two authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Olena Gruzieva
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,These two authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Ting Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Erick Forno
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nadia Boutaoui
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tao Sun
- Dept of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Simon K Merid
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Edna Acosta-Pérez
- Behavioral Sciences Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Inger Kull
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Glorisa Canino
- Behavioral Sciences Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Josep M Antó
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean Bousquet
- CESP, Inserm U1018, Villejuif, France.,University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Erik Melén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,These three authors are joint senior authors
| | - Wei Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,These three authors are joint senior authors
| | - Juan C Celedón
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Dept of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA .,These three authors are joint senior authors
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20
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Cogolludo A, Villamor E, Perez-Vizcaino F, Moreno L. Ceramide and Regulation of Vascular Tone. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020411. [PMID: 30669371 PMCID: PMC6359388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to playing a role as a structural component of cellular membranes, ceramide is now clearly recognized as a bioactive lipid implicated in a variety of physiological functions. This review aims to provide updated information on the role of ceramide in the regulation of vascular tone. Ceramide may induce vasodilator or vasoconstrictor effects by interacting with several signaling pathways in endothelial and smooth muscle cells. There is a clear, albeit complex, interaction between ceramide and redox signaling. In fact, reactive oxygen species (ROS) activate different ceramide generating pathways and, conversely, ceramide is known to increase ROS production. In recent years, ceramide has emerged as a novel key player in oxygen sensing in vascular cells and mediating vascular responses of crucial physiological relevance such as hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) or normoxic ductus arteriosus constriction. Likewise, a growing body of evidence over the last years suggests that exaggerated production of vascular ceramide may have detrimental effects in a number of pathological processes including cardiovascular and lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Cogolludo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Ciudad Universitaria S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Eduardo Villamor
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Francisco Perez-Vizcaino
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Ciudad Universitaria S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Laura Moreno
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Ciudad Universitaria S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Yagci ZB, Esvap E, Ozkara HA, Ulgen KO, Olmez EO. Inflammatory response and its relation to sphingolipid metabolism proteins: Chaperones as potential indirect anti-inflammatory agents. MOLECULAR CHAPERONES IN HUMAN DISORDERS 2019; 114:153-219. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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22
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Pilecki B, Wulf-Johansson H, Støttrup C, Jørgensen PT, Djiadeu P, Nexøe AB, Schlosser A, Hansen SWK, Madsen J, Clark HW, Nielsen CH, Vestbo J, Palaniyar N, Holmskov U, Sorensen GL. Surfactant Protein D Deficiency Aggravates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Lung Inflammation by Upregulation of Ceramide Synthesis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:3013. [PMID: 30619359 PMCID: PMC6305334 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) is the main cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is an important anti-inflammatory protein that regulates host immune defense in the lungs. Here, we investigated the role of SP-D in a murine model of CS-induced inflammation. Pulmonary SP-D localization and abundance was compared between smoker and non-smoker individuals. For in vivo studies, wildtype, and SP-D-deficient mice were exposed to CS for either 12 weeks or 3 days. Moreover, the effect of therapeutic administration of recombinant fragment of human SP-D on the acute CS-induced changes was evaluated. Pulmonary SP-D appeared with heterogenous expression in human smokers, while mouse lung SP-D was uniformly upregulated after CS exposure. We found that SP-D-deficient mice were more susceptible to CS-induced macrophage-rich airway inflammation. SP-D deficiency influenced local pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, with increased CCL3 and interleukin-6 but decreased CXCL1. Furthermore, CS exposure caused significant upregulation of pro-inflammatory ceramides and related ceramide synthase gene transcripts in SP-D-deficient mice compared to wildtype littermates. Administration of recombinant fragment of human SP-D (rfhSP-D) alleviated CS-induced macrophage infiltration and prevented induction of ceramide synthase gene expression. Finally, rfhSP-D treatment attenuated CS-induced human epithelial cell apoptosis in vitro. Our results indicate that SP-D deficiency aggravates CS-induced lung inflammation partly through regulation of ceramide synthesis and that local SP-D enrichment rescues CS-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Pilecki
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Helle Wulf-Johansson
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Christian Støttrup
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Patricia Troest Jørgensen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Pascal Djiadeu
- Translational Medicine, Lung Innate Immunity Research Laboratory, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anders Bathum Nexøe
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anders Schlosser
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Søren Werner Karlskov Hansen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jens Madsen
- Department of Child Health, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, Academic Unit for Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research, Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Centre for Biomedical Research, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Howard William Clark
- Department of Child Health, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, Academic Unit for Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research, Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Centre for Biomedical Research, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Claus Henrik Nielsen
- Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Institute for Inflammation Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Vestbo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nades Palaniyar
- Translational Medicine, Lung Innate Immunity Research Laboratory, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, and Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Uffe Holmskov
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Grith Lykke Sorensen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Becker KA, Riethmüller J, Seitz AP, Gardner A, Boudreau R, Kamler M, Kleuser B, Schuchman E, Caldwell CC, Edwards MJ, Grassmé H, Brodlie M, Gulbins E. Sphingolipids as targets for inhalation treatment of cystic fibrosis. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 133:66-75. [PMID: 29698625 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Studies over the past several years have demonstrated the important role of sphingolipids in cystic fibrosis (CF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and acute lung injury. Ceramide is increased in airway epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages of CF mice and humans, while sphingosine is dramatically decreased. This increase in ceramide results in chronic inflammation, increased death of epithelial cells, release of DNA into the bronchial lumen and thereby an impairment of mucociliary clearance; while the lack of sphingosine in airway epithelial cells causes high infection susceptibility in CF mice and possibly patients. The increase in ceramide mediates an ectopic expression of β1-integrins in the luminal membrane of CF epithelial cells, which results, via an unknown mechanism, in a down-regulation of acid ceramidase. It is predominantly this down-regulation of acid ceramidase that results in the imbalance of ceramide and sphingosine in CF cells. Correction of ceramide and sphingosine levels can be achieved by inhalation of functional acid sphingomyelinase inhibitors, recombinant acid ceramidase or by normalization of β1-integrin expression and subsequent re-expression of endogenous acid ceramidase. These treatments correct pulmonary inflammation and prevent or treat, respectively, acute and chronic pulmonary infections in CF mice with Staphylococcus aureus and mucoid or non-mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Inhalation of sphingosine corrects sphingosine levels only and seems to mainly act against the infection. Many antidepressants are functional inhibitors of the acid sphingomyelinase and were designed for systemic treatment of major depression. These drugs could be repurposed to treat CF by inhalation.
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Karandashova S, Kummarapurugu A, Zheng S, Kang L, Sun S, Rubin BK, Voynow JA. Neutrophil elastase correlates with increased sphingolipid content in cystic fibrosis sputum. Pediatr Pulmonol 2018; 53:872-880. [PMID: 29624923 PMCID: PMC6566867 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sphingolipids are associated with the regulation of pulmonary inflammation. Although sphingolipids have been investigated in the context of cystic fibrosis (CF), the focus has been on loss of CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function in mice, and in CF human lung epithelial cell lines. The sphingolipid content of CF sputum and the potential link between ceramide and airway inflammation in CF remain relatively unexplored. METHODS Fifteen patients with CF provided two spontaneously expectorated sputum samples, one collected during a hospitalization for an acute pulmonary exacerbation and one from an outpatient visit at a time of clinical stability. Sputum was processed, and the supernatant assessed for active neutrophil elastase (NE) using a chromogenic microplate assay and sphingolipid content using reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). Relevant demographic data including age, sex, CF genotype, FEV1 % predicted, and sputum bacteriology were assessed as possible modifying factors that could influence the correlation between NE and sputum sphingolipids. Data were analyzed for linear correlation, with statistical significance pre-defined as P < 0.05. RESULTS There was a significant association between the concentration of active NE and ceramide, sphingomyelin, and monohexosylceramide moieties as well as sphingosine-1-phosphate. The presence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), FEV1 % predicted, and female gender further strengthened the association of NE and sphingolipids, but Pseudomonas aeruginosa had no effect on the association between NE and sphingolipids. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that NE may increase pro-inflammatory sphingolipid signaling, and the association is strengthened in female patients and patients with MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Karandashova
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research at Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, Virginia
| | - Apparao Kummarapurugu
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital of Richmond at VCU, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Shuo Zheng
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital of Richmond at VCU, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Le Kang
- Department of Biostatistics, VCU, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Shumei Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, VCU, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Bruce K Rubin
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital of Richmond at VCU, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Judith A Voynow
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital of Richmond at VCU, Richmond, Virginia
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25
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The role of sphingolipid metabolism disruption on lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury in mice. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2018; 50:100-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Wu Y, Gulbins E, Grassmé H. Crosstalk Between Sphingomyelinases and Reactive Oxygen Species in Mycobacterial Infection. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:935-948. [PMID: 28276697 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Tuberculosis (TB), which is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is one of the most important infections worldwide. The sphingomyelinase/ceramide system, which has been shown to be a crucial factor in internalizing and killing various pathogens, modulates both the proinflammatory response and the state of mycobacteria in macrophages. However, studies about the role of sphingomyelinases in TB are still at an early stage. Recent Advances: Recent studies elucidated several roles of sphingomyelinases in manipulating mycobacterial infections. On the one hand, acid sphingomyelinase (Asm) promotes the fusion of bacteria-containing phagosomes and lysosomes, whereas on the other hand, Asm-derived ceramide induces cell death. Neutral sphingomyelinase (Nsm) enhances the release of reactive oxygen species, which suppress autophagy in infected macrophages in vitro and in vivo, allowing the pathogen to survive within macrophages. These findings indicate that the sphingomyelinase/ceramide system plays an important role in the attack of mycobacteria against the host. Critical Issues: Autophagy is a main strategy of mycobacterial clearance in TB, but the relevant mechanisms are still unknown. Additionally, there are indications that both Asm and Nsm are crucially involved in the formation of granulomas, which are a hallmark and a special structure of TB. However, very few findings have yet been published. Future Directions: Additional studies of the Nsm/ceramide system, which contributes to the resistance or susceptibility, respectively, of the host to mycobacterial infections, will detect currently unknown molecular mechanisms. Because inhibitors of Nsm already exist, targeting Nsm may be a novel approach to developing treatment options for mycobacterial infections. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 935-948.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Heike Grassmé
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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The role of sphingolipids in psychoactive drug use and addiction. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 125:651-672. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1840-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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28
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Zulueta A, Caretti A, Campisi GM, Brizzolari A, Abad JL, Paroni R, Signorelli P, Ghidoni R. Inhibitors of ceramide de novo biosynthesis rescue damages induced by cigarette smoke in airways epithelia. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 390:753-759. [PMID: 28409208 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-017-1375-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to cigarette smoke represents the most important risk factor for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways, imbalance of proteolytic activity resulting in the destruction of lung parenchyma, alveolar hypoxia, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Sphingolipids are structural membrane components whose metabolism is altered during stress. Known as apoptosis and inflammation inducer, the sphingolipid ceramide was found to accumulate in COPD airways and its plasma concentration increased as well. The present study investigates the role of sphingolipids in the cigarette smoke-induced damage of human airway epithelial cells. Lung epithelial cells were pre-treated with sphingolipid synthesis inhibitors (myriocin or XM462) and then exposed to a mixture of nicotine, acrolein, formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde, the major toxic cigarette smoke components. The inflammatory and proteolytic responses were investigated by analysis of the mRNA expression (RT-PCR) of cytokines IL-1β and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 and of the protein expression (ELISA) of IL-8. Ceramide intracellular amounts were measured by LC-MS technique. Ferric-reducing antioxidant power test and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity assay were used to assess the antioxidant power of the inhibitors of ceramide synthesis. We here show that ceramide synthesis is enhanced under treatment with a cigarette smoke mixture correlating with increased expression of inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinase 9. The use of inhibitors of ceramide synthesis protected from smoke induced damages such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and proteolytic imbalance in airways epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Zulueta
- Health Sciences Department, Biochemistry & Mol. Biology Lab., University of Milan, Via Di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy.
| | - Anna Caretti
- Health Sciences Department, Biochemistry & Mol. Biology Lab., University of Milan, Via Di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Matteo Campisi
- Health Sciences Department, Clinical Biochemistry &Mass Spectrometry Lab, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Brizzolari
- Health Sciences Department, Biochemistry & Mol. Biology Lab., University of Milan, Via Di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - Jose Luis Abad
- Department of Biomed. Chem., IQAC/CSIC, Research Unit on Bioactive Molecules, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rita Paroni
- Health Sciences Department, Clinical Biochemistry &Mass Spectrometry Lab, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Signorelli
- Health Sciences Department, Biochemistry & Mol. Biology Lab., University of Milan, Via Di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Ghidoni
- Health Sciences Department, Biochemistry & Mol. Biology Lab., University of Milan, Via Di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
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Goldklang MP, Tekabe Y, Zelonina T, Trischler J, Xiao R, Stearns K, Romanov A, Muzio V, Shiomi T, Johnson LL, D'Armiento JM. Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography Imaging in a Rabbit Model of Emphysema Reveals Ongoing Apoptosis In Vivo. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 55:848-857. [PMID: 27483341 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0407oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluation of lung disease is limited by the inability to visualize ongoing pathological processes. Molecular imaging that targets cellular processes related to disease pathogenesis has the potential to assess disease activity over time to allow intervention before lung destruction. Because apoptosis is a critical component of lung damage in emphysema, a functional imaging approach was taken to determine if targeting apoptosis in a smoke exposure model would allow the quantification of early lung damage in vivo. Rabbits were exposed to cigarette smoke for 4 or 16 weeks and underwent single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography scanning using technetium-99m-rhAnnexin V-128. Imaging results were correlated with ex vivo tissue analysis to validate the presence of lung destruction and apoptosis. Lung computed tomography scans of long-term smoke-exposed rabbits exhibit anatomical similarities to human emphysema, with increased lung volumes compared with controls. Morphometry on lung tissue confirmed increased mean linear intercept and destructive index at 16 weeks of smoke exposure and compliance measurements documented physiological changes of emphysema. Tissue and lavage analysis displayed the hallmarks of smoke exposure, including increased tissue cellularity and protease activity. Technetium-99m-rhAnnexin V-128 single-photon emission computed tomography signal was increased after smoke exposure at 4 and 16 weeks, with confirmation of increased apoptosis through terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining and increased tissue neutral sphingomyelinase activity in the tissue. These studies not only describe a novel emphysema model for use with future therapeutic applications, but, most importantly, also characterize a promising imaging modality that identifies ongoing destructive cellular processes within the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Valeria Muzio
- 4 Preclinical Pharmacology R&D, Advanced Accelerator Applications (Italy), Saint-Genis-Pouilly, Italy
| | | | | | - Jeanine M D'Armiento
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology.,2 Department of Medicine.,5 Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; and
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Lea SR, Metcalfe HJ, Plumb J, Beerli C, Poll C, Singh D, Abbott-Banner KH. Neutral sphingomyelinase-2, acid sphingomyelinase, and ceramide levels in COPD patients compared to controls. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2016; 11:2139-2147. [PMID: 27660431 PMCID: PMC5019168 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s95578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased pulmonary ceramide levels are suggested to play a causative role in lung diseases including COPD. Neutral sphingomyelinase-2 (nSMase-2) and acid SMase (aSMase), which hydrolyze sphingomyelin to produce ceramide, are activated by a range of cellular stresses, including inflammatory cytokines and pathogens, but notably cigarette smoke appears to only activate nSMase-2. Our primary objective was to investigate nSMase-2 and aSMase protein localization and quantification in lung tissue from nonsmokers (NS), smokers (S), and COPD patients. In addition, various ceramide species (C16, C18, and C20) were measured in alveolar macrophages from COPD patients versus controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients undergoing surgical resection for suspected or confirmed lung cancer were recruited, and nSMase-2 and aSMase protein was investigated in different areas of lung tissue (small airways, alveolar walls, subepithelium, and alveolar macrophages) by immunohistochemistry. Ceramide species were measured in alveolar macrophages from COPD patients and controls by mass spectrometry. RESULTS nSMase-2 and aSMase were detected in the majority of small airways. There was a significant increase in nSMase-2 immunoreactivity in alveolar macrophages from COPD patients (54%) compared with NS (31.7%) (P<0.05), and in aSMase immunoreactivity in COPD (68.2%) and S (69.5%) alveolar macrophages compared with NS (52.4%) (P<0.05). aSMase labeling was also increased in the subepithelium and alveolar walls of S compared with NS. Ceramide (C20) was significantly increased in alveolar macrophages from COPD patients compared with controls. CONCLUSION nSMase-2 and aSMase are both increased in COPD alveolar macrophages at the protein level; this may contribute toward the elevated ceramide (C20) detected in alveolar macrophages from COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon R Lea
- Centre for Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester, NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Hannah J Metcalfe
- Centre for Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester, NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Jonathan Plumb
- Centre for Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester, NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Chris Poll
- Respiratory Diseases, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Horsham, West Sussex, UK
| | - Dave Singh
- Centre for Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester, NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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Presa N, Gomez-Larrauri A, Rivera IG, Ordoñez M, Trueba M, Gomez-Muñoz A. Regulation of cell migration and inflammation by ceramide 1-phosphate. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:402-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Clarke CJ, Shamseddine AA, Jacob JJ, Khalife G, Burns TA, Hannun YA. ATRA transcriptionally induces nSMase2 through CBP/p300-mediated histone acetylation. J Lipid Res 2016; 57:868-81. [PMID: 27013100 PMCID: PMC4847633 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m067447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutral sphingomyelinase-2 (nSMase2) is a key ceramide-producing enzyme in cellular stress responses. While many posttranslational regulators of nSMase2 are known, emerging evidence suggests a more protracted regulation of nSMase2 at the transcriptional level. Previously, we reported that nSMase2 is induced by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in MCF7 cells and implicated nSMase2 in ATRA-induced growth arrest. Here, we further investigated how ATRA regulates nSMase2. We find that ATRA regulates nSMase2 transcriptionally through the retinoic acid receptor-α, but this is independent of previously identified transcriptional regulators of nSMase2 (Sp1, Sp3, Runx2) and is not through increased promoter activity. Epigenetically, the nSMase2 gene is not repressively methylated in MCF7 cells. However, inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) with trichostatin A (TSA) induced nSMase2 comparably to ATRA; furthermore, combined ATRA and TSA treatment was not additive, suggesting ATRA regulates nSMase2 through direct modulation of histone acetylation. Confirming this, the histone acetyltransferases CREB-binding protein and p300 were required for ATRA induction of nSMase2. Finally, use of class-specific HDAC inhibitors suggested that HDAC4 and/or HDAC5 are negative regulators of nSMase2 expression. Collectively, these results identify a novel pathway of nSMase2 regulation and suggest that physiological or pharmacological modulation of histone acetylation can directly affect nSMase2 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Clarke
- Department of Medicine and Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Achraf A Shamseddine
- Department of Medicine and Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Joseph J Jacob
- Department of Medicine and Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Gabrielle Khalife
- Department of Medicine and Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Tara A Burns
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Department of Medicine and Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
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Gomez-Muñoz A, Presa N, Gomez-Larrauri A, Rivera IG, Trueba M, Ordoñez M. Control of inflammatory responses by ceramide, sphingosine 1-phosphate and ceramide 1-phosphate. Prog Lipid Res 2015; 61:51-62. [PMID: 26703189 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a network of complex processes involving a variety of metabolic and signaling pathways aiming at healing and repairing damage tissue, or fighting infection. However, inflammation can be detrimental when it becomes out of control. Inflammatory mediators involve cytokines, bioactive lipids and lipid-derived metabolites. In particular, the simple sphingolipids ceramides, sphingosine 1-phosphate, and ceramide 1-phosphate have been widely implicated in inflammation. However, although ceramide 1-phosphate was first described as pro-inflammatory, recent studies show that it has anti-inflammatory properties when produced in specific cell types or tissues. The biological functions of ceramides and sphingosine 1-phosphate have been extensively studied. These sphingolipids have opposing effects with ceramides being potent inducers of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and sphingosine 1-phosphate promoting cell growth and survival. However, the biological actions of ceramide 1-phosphate have only been partially described. Ceramide 1-phosphate is mitogenic and anti-apoptotic, and more recently, it has been demonstrated to be key regulator of cell migration. Both sphingosine 1-phosphate and ceramide 1-phosphate are also implicated in tumor growth and dissemination. The present review highlights new aspects on the control of inflammation and cell migration by simple sphingolipids, with special emphasis to the role played by ceramide 1-phosphate in controlling these actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gomez-Muñoz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Natalia Presa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Ana Gomez-Larrauri
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospital of Alava (Osakidetza), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Io-Guané Rivera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Miguel Trueba
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Marta Ordoñez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
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Role of Sphingolipids in the Pathobiology of Lung Inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:487508. [PMID: 26770018 PMCID: PMC4681829 DOI: 10.1155/2015/487508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipid bioactivities in the respiratory airways and the roles of the proteins that handle them have been extensively investigated. Gas or inhaled particles or microorganisms come into contact with mucus components, epithelial cells, blood barrier, and immune surveillance within the airways. Lung structure and functionality rely on a complex interplay of polar and hydrophobic structures forming the surfactant layer and governing external-internal exchanges, such as glycerol-phospholipids sphingolipids and proteins. Sphingolipids act as important signaling mediators involved in the control of cell survival and stress response, as well as secreted molecules endowed with inflammation-regulatory activities. Most successful respiratory infection and injuries evolve in the alveolar compartment, the critical lung functional unit involved in gas exchange. Sphingolipid altered metabolism in this compartment is closely related to inflammatory reaction and ceramide increase, in particular, favors the switch to pathological hyperinflammation. This short review explores a few mechanisms underlying sphingolipid involvement in the healthy lung (surfactant production and endothelial barrier maintenance) and in a selection of lung pathologies in which the impact of sphingolipid synthesis and metabolism is most apparent, such as acute lung injury, or chronic pathologies such as cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Barnawi J, Tran H, Jersmann H, Pitson S, Roscioli E, Hodge G, Meech R, Haberberger R, Hodge S. Potential Link between the Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (S1P) System and Defective Alveolar Macrophage Phagocytic Function in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122771. [PMID: 26485657 PMCID: PMC4617901 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction We previously reported that alveolar macrophages from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are defective in their ability to phagocytose apoptotic cells, with a similar defect in response to cigarette smoke. The exact mechanisms for this defect are unknown. Sphingolipids including ceramide, sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are involved in diverse cellular processes and we hypothesised that a comprehensive analysis of this system in alveolar macrophages in COPD may help to delineate the reasons for defective phagocytic function. Methods We compared mRNA expression of sphingosine kinases (SPHK1/2), S1P receptors (S1PR1-5) and S1P-degrading enzymes (SGPP1, SGPP2, SGPL1) in bronchoalveolar lavage-derived alveolar macrophages from 10 healthy controls, 7 healthy smokers and 20 COPD patients (10 current- and 10 ex-smokers) using Real-Time PCR. Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells was investigated using flow cytometry. Functional associations were assessed between sphingosine signalling system components and alveolar macrophage phagocytic ability in COPD. To elucidate functional effects of increased S1PR5 on macrophage phagocytic ability, we performed the phagocytosis assay in the presence of varying concentrations of suramin, an antagonist of S1PR3 and S1PR5. The effects of cigarette smoking on the S1P system were investigated using a THP-1 macrophage cell line model. Results We found significant increases in SPHK1/2 (3.4- and 2.1-fold increases respectively), S1PR2 and 5 (4.3- and 14.6-fold increases respectively), and SGPL1 (4.5-fold increase) in COPD vs. controls. S1PR5 and SGPL1 expression was unaffected by smoking status, suggesting a COPD “disease effect” rather than smoke effect per se. Significant associations were noted between S1PR5 and both lung function and phagocytosis. Cigarette smoke extract significantly increased mRNA expression of SPHK1, SPHK2, S1PR2 and S1PR5 by THP-1 macrophages, confirming the results in patient-derived macrophages. Antagonising SIPR5 significantly improved phagocytosis. Conclusion Our results suggest a potential link between the S1P signalling system and defective macrophage phagocytic function in COPD and advise therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jameel Barnawi
- Lung Research, Hanson Institute, Adelaide, Australia
- Dept of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Dept Medical Laboratory Technology, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hai Tran
- Lung Research, Hanson Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Hubertus Jersmann
- Lung Research, Hanson Institute, Adelaide, Australia
- Dept of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stuart Pitson
- Dept of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Greg Hodge
- Lung Research, Hanson Institute, Adelaide, Australia
- Dept of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Robyn Meech
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Rainer Haberberger
- Centre for Neuroscience, Anatomy & Histology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sandra Hodge
- Lung Research, Hanson Institute, Adelaide, Australia
- Dept of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Chung S, Vu S, Filosto S, Goldkorn T. Src regulates cigarette smoke-induced ceramide generation via neutral sphingomyelinase 2 in the airway epithelium. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 52:738-48. [PMID: 25347576 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0122oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that the neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase) 2 is the sole sphingomyelinase activated during cigarette smoke (CS)-induced oxidative stress of human airway epithelial cells, leading to ceramide generation and subsequent apoptosis of affected cells. Since then, we reported that nSMase2 is a phosphoprotein, the degree of enzymatic activity and stability of which are dictated by its degree of phosphorylation. Simultaneously, the non-receptor tyrosine kinase and proto-oncogene Src has increasingly become a target of interest in both smoking-related lung injury, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lung cancer. Within this context, we tested and now present Src as a regulator of ceramide generation via modulation of nSMase2 phosphorylation and activity during CS-induced oxidative stress. Specifically, we provide evidence that Src activity is necessary for both CS-induced ceramide accumulation in vivo (129/Sv mice) and in vitro (human airway epithelial cells) and for nSMase2 activity during CS-induced oxidative stress. Moreover, because nSMase2 is exclusively phosphorylated on serines, we show that this occurs through Src-dependent activation of the serine/threonine kinase p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase during oxidative stress. Finally, we provide evidence that Src and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activities are critical for regulating nSMase2 phosphorylation. This study provides insights into a molecular target involved in smoking-related lung injury, represented here as nSMase2, and its modulation by the oncogene Src.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
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Baudiß K, Ayata CK, Lazar Z, Cicko S, Beckert J, Meyer A, Zech A, Vieira RP, Bittman R, Gómez-Muñoz A, Merfort I, Idzko M. Ceramide-1-phosphate inhibits cigarette smoke-induced airway inflammation. Eur Respir J 2015; 45:1669-80. [PMID: 25614161 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00080014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. The central molecule is ceramide, which can be converted into ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P). Although C1P can exert anti- and pro-inflammatory effects, its influence on cigarette smoke (CS)-induced lung inflammation is unknown. We aimed to clarify the role of C1P in the pathogenesis of CS-triggered pulmonary inflammation and emphysema in humans and mice. The effects of C1P were addressed on CS-induced lung inflammation in C57BL/6 mice, CS extract-triggered activation of human airway epithelial cells (AECs) and neutrophils from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Differential cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were determined by flow cytometry and pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA. Expression and DNA binding of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase) were quantified by PCR, electrophoretic mobility shift and fluorometric assays. C1P reduced CS-induced acute and chronic lung inflammation and development of emphysema in mice, which was associated with a reduction in nSMase and NF-κB activity in the lungs. nSMase activity in human serum correlated negatively with forced expiratory volume in 1 s % predicted. In human AECs and neutrophils, C1P inhibited CS-induced activation of NF-κB and nSMase, and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine release. Our results suggest that C1P is a potential target for anti-inflammatory treatment in CS-induced lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Baudiß
- Dept of Pneumology, COPD and Asthma Research Group, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cemil Korcan Ayata
- Dept of Pneumology, COPD and Asthma Research Group, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Zsofia Lazar
- Dept of Pneumology, COPD and Asthma Research Group, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sanja Cicko
- Dept of Pneumology, COPD and Asthma Research Group, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Beckert
- Dept of Pneumology, COPD and Asthma Research Group, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anja Meyer
- Dept of Pneumology, COPD and Asthma Research Group, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Zech
- Dept of Pneumology, COPD and Asthma Research Group, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rodolfo Paula Vieira
- Dept of Pneumology, COPD and Asthma Research Group, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Robert Bittman
- Dept of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - Antonio Gómez-Muñoz
- Dept of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Irmgard Merfort
- Dept of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marco Idzko
- Dept of Pneumology, COPD and Asthma Research Group, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Ni I, Ji C, Vij N. Second-hand cigarette smoke impairs bacterial phagocytosis in macrophages by modulating CFTR dependent lipid-rafts. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121200. [PMID: 25794013 PMCID: PMC4368805 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction First/Second-hand cigarette-smoke (FHS/SHS) exposure weakens immune defenses inducing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Hence, we evaluated if SHS induced changes in membrane/lipid-raft (m-/r)-CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) expression/activity is a potential mechanism for impaired bacterial phagocytosis in COPD. Methods RAW264.7 murine macrophages were exposed to freshly prepared CS-extract (CSE) containing culture media and/or Pseudomonas-aeruginosa-PA01-GFP for phagocytosis (fluorescence-microscopy), bacterial survival (colony-forming-units-CFU), and immunoblotting assays. The CFTR-expression/activity and lipid-rafts were modulated by transient-transfection or inhibitors/inducers. Next, mice were exposed to acute/sub-chronic-SHS or room-air (5-days/3-weeks) and infected with PA01-GFP, followed by quantification of bacterial survival by CFU-assay. Results We investigated the effect of CSE treatment on RAW264.7 cells infected by PA01-GFP and observed that CSE treatment significantly (p<0.01) inhibits PA01-GFP phagocytosis as compared to the controls. We also verified this in murine model, exposed to acute/sub-chronic-SHS and found significant (p<0.05, p<0.02) increase in bacterial survival in the SHS-exposed lungs as compared to the room-air controls. Next, we examined the effect of impaired CFTR ion-channel-activity on PA01-GFP infection of RAW264.7 cells using CFTR172-inhibitor and found no significant change in phagocytosis. We also similarly evaluated the effect of a CFTR corrector-potentiator compound, VRT-532, and observed no significant rescue of CSE impaired PA01-GFP phagocytosis although it significantly (p<0.05) decreases CSE induced bacterial survival. Moreover, induction of CFTR expression in macrophages significantly (p<0.03) improves CSE impaired PA01-GFP phagocytosis as compared to the control. Next, we verified the link between m-/r-CFTR expression and phagocytosis using methyl-β-cyclodextran (CD), as it is known to deplete CFTR from membrane lipid-rafts. We observed that CD treatment significantly (p<0.01) inhibits bacterial phagocytosis in RAW264.7 cells and adding CSE further impairs phagocytosis suggesting synergistic effect on CFTR dependent lipid-rafts. Conclusion Our data suggest that SHS impairs bacterial phagocytosis by modulating CFTR dependent lipid-rafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inzer Ni
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Changhoon Ji
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Neeraj Vij
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Foundational Sciences, College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Garoby-Salom S, Rouahi M, Mucher E, Auge N, Salvayre R, Negre-Salvayre A. Hyaluronan synthase-2 upregulation protects smpd3-deficient fibroblasts against cell death induced by nutrient deprivation, but not against apoptosis evoked by oxidized LDL. Redox Biol 2014; 4:118-26. [PMID: 25555205 PMCID: PMC4309855 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The neutral type 2 sphingomyelinase (nSMase2) hydrolyzes sphingomyelin and generates ceramide, a major bioactive sphingolipid mediator, involved in growth arrest and apoptosis. The role of nSMase2 in apoptosis is debated, and apparently contradictory results have been observed on fibroblasts isolated from nSMase2-deficient fragilitas ossium (homozygous fro/fro) mice. These mice exhibit a severe neonatal dysplasia, a lack of long bone mineralization and delayed apoptosis patterns of hypertrophic chondrocytes in the growth plate. We hypothesized that apoptosis induced by nutrient deprivation, which mimics the environmental modifications of the growth plate, requires nSMase2 activation. In this study, we have compared the resistance of fro/fro fibroblasts to different death inducers (oxidized LDL, hydrogen peroxide and nutrient starvation). The data show that nSMase2-deficient fro/fro cells resist to apoptosis evoked by nutrient starvation (fetal calf serum/glucose/pyruvate-free DMEM), whereas wt fibroblasts die after 48 h incubation in this medium. In contrast, oxidized LDL and hydrogen peroxide are similarly toxic to fro/fro and wt fibroblasts, indicating that nSMase2 is not involved in the mechanism of toxicity evoked by these agents. Interestingly, wt fibroblasts treated with the SMase inhibitor GW4869 were more resistant to starvation-induced apoptosis. The resistance of fro/fro cells to starvation-induced apoptosis is associated with an increased expression of hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) mRNAs and protein, which is inhibited by ceramide. In wt fibroblasts, this HAS2 rise and its protective effect did not occur, but exogenously added HA exhibited a protective effect against starvation-induced apoptosis. The protective mechanism of HAS2 involves an increased expression of the heat-shock protein Hsp72, a chaperone with antiapoptotic activity. Taken together, these results highlight the role of nSMase2 in apoptosis evoked by nutrient starvation that could contribute to the delayed apoptosis of hypertrophic chondrocytes in the growth plate, and emphasize the antiapoptotic properties of HAS2. Apoptosis evoked by oxidized LDL and H2O2 is comparable in fro/fro and wt fibroblasts. fro/fro fibroblasts resist to apoptosis evoked by nutrient starvation. HAS2 increased expression protects fro/fro fibroblasts against apoptosis. HAS2 regulates the expression of the antiapoptotic heat-shock protein HsP72.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Garoby-Salom
- INSERM UMR-1048, BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Myriam Rouahi
- INSERM UMR-1048, BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Elodie Mucher
- INSERM UMR-1048, BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Auge
- INSERM UMR-1048, BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Robert Salvayre
- INSERM UMR-1048, BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Negre-Salvayre
- INSERM UMR-1048, BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France; University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
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Tippetts TS, Winden DR, Swensen AC, Nelson MB, Thatcher MO, Saito RR, Condie TB, Simmons KJ, Judd AM, Reynolds PR, Bikman BT. Cigarette smoke increases cardiomyocyte ceramide accumulation and inhibits mitochondrial respiration. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2014; 14:165. [PMID: 25416336 PMCID: PMC4247675 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2261-14-165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cigarette smoking is a common and lethal worldwide habit, with considerable mortality stemming from its deleterious effects on heart function. While current theories posit altered blood lipids and fibrinogen metabolism as likely mediators, none have explored the role of the sphingolipid ceramide in exacerbating heart function with smoke exposure. Ceramide production is a consequence of cigarette smoke in the lung, and considering ceramide’s harmful effects on mitochondrial function, we sought to elucidate the role of ceramide in mediating smoke-induced altered heart mitochondrial respiration. Methods Lung cells (A549) were exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and heart cells (H9C2) were exposed to the lung-cell conditioned medium. Adult male mice were exposed sidestream cigarette smoke for 8 wk with dietary intervention and ceramide inhibition. Ceramides and heart cell or myocardial mitochondrial respiration were determined. Results Lung cell cultures revealed a robust response to cigarette smoke extract in both production and secretion of ceramides. Heart cells incubated with lung-cell conditioned medium revealed a pronounced inhibition of myocardial mitochondrial respiration, though this effect was mitigated with ceramide inhibition via myriocin. In vivo, heart ceramides increased roughly 600% in adult mice with long-term sidestream cigarette smoke exposure. This resulted in a significant ceramide-dependent reduction in left myocardial mitochondrial respiration, as heart mitochondria from the mice exposed to both smoke and myriocin injections respired normally. Conclusions These results suggest ceramide to be an important mediator of altered myocardial mitochondrial function with cigarette smoke exposure. Thus, anti-ceramide therapies might be considered in the future to protect heart mitochondrial function with smoke exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Benjamin T Bikman
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology and Chemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
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Goldkorn T, Filosto S, Chung S. Lung injury and lung cancer caused by cigarette smoke-induced oxidative stress: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities involving the ceramide-generating machinery and epidermal growth factor receptor. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:2149-74. [PMID: 24684526 PMCID: PMC4215561 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer are frequently caused by tobacco smoking. However, these diseases present opposite phenotypes involving redox signaling at the cellular level. While COPD is characterized by excessive airway epithelial cell death and lung injury, lung cancer is caused by uncontrolled epithelial cell proliferation. Notably, epidemiological studies have demonstrated that lung cancer incidence is significantly higher in patients who have preexisting emphysema/lung injury. However, the molecular link and common cell signaling events underlying lung injury diseases and lung cancer are poorly understood. This review focuses on studies of molecular mechanism(s) underlying smoking-related lung injury (COPD) and lung cancer. Specifically, the role of the ceramide-generating machinery during cigarette smoke-induced oxidative stress leading to both apoptosis and proliferation of lung epithelial cells is emphasized. Over recent years, it has been established that ceramide is a sphingolipid playing a major role in lung epithelia structure/function leading to lung injury in chronic pulmonary diseases. However, new and unexpected findings draw attention to its potential role in lung development, cell proliferation, and tumorigenesis. To address this dichotomy in detail, evidence is presented regarding several protein targets, including Src, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and neutral sphingomyelinase 2, the major sphingomyelinase that controls ceramide generation during oxidative stress. Furthermore, their roles are presented not only in apoptosis and lung injury but also in enhancing cell proliferation, lung cancer development, and resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted therapy for treating lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzipora Goldkorn
- Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, Genome and Biomedical Sciences Facility, University of California School of Medicine , Davis, California
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Carroll B, Donaldson JC, Obeid L. Sphingolipids in the DNA damage response. Adv Biol Regul 2014; 58:38-52. [PMID: 25434743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently, sphingolipid metabolizing enzymes have emerged as important targets of many chemotherapeutics and DNA damaging agents and therefore play significant roles in mediating the physiological response of the cell to DNA damage. In this review we will highlight points of connection between the DNA damage response (DDR) and sphingolipid metabolism; specifically how certain sphingolipid enzymes are regulated in response to DNA damage and how the bioactive lipids produced by these enzymes affect cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Carroll
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Jane Catalina Donaldson
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Lina Obeid
- Northport VA Medical Center, Northport, NY 11768, USA; Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
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Shamseddine AA, Airola MV, Hannun YA. Roles and regulation of neutral sphingomyelinase-2 in cellular and pathological processes. Adv Biol Regul 2014; 57:24-41. [PMID: 25465297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of the functions of ceramide signaling has advanced tremendously over the past decade. In this review, we focus on the roles and regulation of neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2), an enzyme that generates the bioactive lipid ceramide through the hydrolysis of the membrane lipid sphingomyelin. A large body of work has now implicated nSMase2 in a diverse set of cellular functions, physiological processes, and disease pathologies. We discuss different aspects of this enzyme's regulation from transcriptional, post-translational, and biochemical. Furthermore, we highlight nSMase2 involvement in cellular processes including inflammatory signaling, exosome generation, cell growth, and apoptosis, which in turn play important roles in pathologies such as cancer metastasis, Alzheimer's disease, and other organ systems disorders. Lastly, we examine avenues where targeted nSMase2-inhibition may be clinically beneficial in disease scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achraf A Shamseddine
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; The Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Michael V Airola
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; The Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; The Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
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Freed JK, Beyer AM, LoGiudice JA, Hockenberry JC, Gutterman DD. Ceramide changes the mediator of flow-induced vasodilation from nitric oxide to hydrogen peroxide in the human microcirculation. Circ Res 2014; 115:525-32. [PMID: 24920698 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.303881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Mitochondrial-derived hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) regulates flow-induced dilation (FID) in microvessels from patients with coronary artery disease. The relationship between ceramide, an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease and a known inducer of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, and FID is unknown. OBJECTIVE We examined the hypothesis that exogenous ceramide induces a switch in the mediator of FID from nitric oxide to H2O2. METHODS AND RESULTS Internal diameter changes of resistance arterioles from human adipose and atrial tissue were measured by video microscopy. Mitochondrial H2O2 production was assayed in arterioles using mito peroxy yellow 1. Polyethylene glycol-catalase, rotenone, and Mito-TEMPO impaired FID in healthy adipose arterioles pretreated with ceramide, whereas N(ω)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester had no effect. Mitochondrial H2O2 production was induced in response to flow in healthy adipose vessels pretreated with ceramide, and this was abolished in the presence of polyethylene glycol-catalase. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated ceramide accumulation in arterioles from both healthy patients and patients with coronary artery disease. N(ω)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester reduced vasodilation to flow in adipose as well as atrial vessels from patients with coronary artery disease incubated with GW4869, a neutral sphingomyelinase inhibitor, whereas polyethylene glycol-catalase had no effect. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that ceramide has an integral role in the transition of the mediator of FID from nitric oxide to mitochondrial-derived H2O2 and that inhibition of ceramide production can revert the mechanism of dilation back to nitric oxide. Ceramide may be an important target for preventing and treating vascular dysfunction associated with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie K Freed
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology (J.K.F), Medicine-Cardiovascular Center (A.M.B., J.C.H., D.D.G.), and Plastic Surgery (J.A.L.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; and VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI (D.D.G.)
| | - Andreas M Beyer
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology (J.K.F), Medicine-Cardiovascular Center (A.M.B., J.C.H., D.D.G.), and Plastic Surgery (J.A.L.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; and VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI (D.D.G.)
| | - John A LoGiudice
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology (J.K.F), Medicine-Cardiovascular Center (A.M.B., J.C.H., D.D.G.), and Plastic Surgery (J.A.L.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; and VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI (D.D.G.)
| | - Joseph C Hockenberry
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology (J.K.F), Medicine-Cardiovascular Center (A.M.B., J.C.H., D.D.G.), and Plastic Surgery (J.A.L.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; and VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI (D.D.G.)
| | - David D Gutterman
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology (J.K.F), Medicine-Cardiovascular Center (A.M.B., J.C.H., D.D.G.), and Plastic Surgery (J.A.L.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; and VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI (D.D.G.).
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Xuan LL, Shi J, Yao CS, Bai JY, Qu F, Zhang JL, Hou Q. Vam3, a resveratrol dimer, inhibits cigarette smoke-induced cell apoptosis in lungs by improving mitochondrial function. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2014; 35:779-91. [PMID: 24747163 PMCID: PMC4086386 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2014.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effects of Vam3 (a resveratrol dimer extracted from Vitis amurensis Rupr) on cigarette smoke (CS)-induced cell apoptosis in lungs in vitro and in vivo and the underlying mechanisms of action. METHODS Human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B was exposed to cigarette smoke condensate (CSC, 300 mg/L), and cell apoptosis was determined using flow cytometry and Hoechst staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential was examined with TMRE staining. ROS and ceramide levels were detected with DCFH-DA fluorescence and HPLC-MS/MS, respectively. Cytochrome c release was detected using immunofluorescence. Caspase-9 and neutral sphingomyelinase 2 expression was measured with Western blotting. The breast carcinoma cell line MCF7 stably expressing GFP-tagged Bax was used to elucidate the role of mitochondria in CS-induced apoptosis. For in vivo study, male mice were exposed to CS for 5 min twice a day for 4 weeks. The mice were orally administered Vam3 (50 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)) or resveratrol (30 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)) each day 1 h before the first CS exposure. RESULTS Pretreatment of BEAS-2B cells with Vam3 (5 μmol/L) or resveratrol (5 μmol/L) significantly suppressed CSC-induced apoptosis, and prevented CSC-induced Bax level increase in the mitochondria, mitochondrial membrane potential loss, cytochrome c release and caspase-9 activation. Furthermore, pretreatment of BEAS-2B cells with Vam3 or resveratrol significantly suppressed CSC-stimulated intracellular ceramide production, and CSC-induced upregulation of neutral sphingomyelinase 2, the enzyme responsible for ceramide production in bronchial epithelial cells. Similar results were obtained in C6-pyridinium ceramide-induced apoptosis of GFP-Bax-stable MCF7 cells in vitro, and in the lungs of CS-exposed mice that were treated with oral administration of Vam3 or resveratrol. CONCLUSION Vam3 protects bronchial epithelial cells from CS-induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-ling Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ji Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Chun-suo Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jin-ye Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Feng Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jin-lan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Ahmed FS, Jiang XC, Schwartz JE, Hoffman EA, Yeboah J, Shea S, Burkart KM, Barr RG. Plasma sphingomyelin and longitudinal change in percent emphysema on CT. The MESA lung study. Biomarkers 2014; 19:207-13. [PMID: 24649875 PMCID: PMC4088962 DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2014.896414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Ceramide causes endothelial apoptosis and emphysema-like changes in animal models. OBJECTIVES Test if plasma sphingomyelin, a major precursor of ceramide, would predict longitudinal increase in the percentage of emphysema-like lung on computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS 3840 participants had their plasma sphingomyelin measured at baseline examination and their pulmonary emphysema measured on cardiac CT scans at baseline and on follow-up visits. Mixed effects models were used to adjust for potential confounders. RESULTS One standard deviation increase in sphingomyelin predicted a 0.12% per year (95% CI: 0.02-0.22; p = 0.019) greater increase of percent emphysema. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Higher plasma levels of sphingomyelin predicted greater annual increase in quantitatively measured percent emphysema.
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Petrusca DN, Van Demark M, Gu Y, Justice MJ, Rogozea A, Hubbard WC, Petrache I. Smoking exposure induces human lung endothelial cell adaptation to apoptotic stress. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 50:513-25. [PMID: 24079644 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0023oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolonged exposure to cigarette smoking is the main risk factor for emphysema, a component of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPDs) characterized by destruction of alveolar walls. Moreover, smoking is associated with pulmonary artery remodeling and pulmonary hypertension, even in the absence of COPD, through as yet unexplained mechanisms. In murine models, elevations of intra- and paracellular ceramides in response to smoking have been implicated in the induction of lung endothelial cell apoptosis, but the role of ceramides in human cell counterparts is yet unknown. We modeled paracrine increases (outside-in) of palmitoyl ceramide (Cer16) in primary human lung microvascular cells. In naive cells, isolated from nonsmokers, Cer16 significantly reduced cellular proliferation and induced caspase-independent apoptosis via mitochondrial membrane depolarization, apoptosis-inducing factor translocation, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. In these cells, caspase-3 was inhibited by ceramide-induced Akt phosphorylation, and by the induction of autophagic microtubule-associated protein-1 light-chain 3 lipidation. In contrast, cells isolated from smokers exhibited increased baseline proliferative features associated with lack of p16(INK4a) expression and Akt hyperphosphorylation. These cells were resistant to Cer16-induced apoptosis, despite presence of both endoplasmic reticulum stress response and mitochondrial membrane depolarization. In cells from smokers, the prominent up-regulation of Akt pathways inhibited ceramide-triggered apoptosis, and was associated with elevated sphingosine and high-mobility group box 1, skewing the cell's response toward autophagy and survival. In conclusion, the cell responses to ceramide are modulated by an intricate cross-talk between Akt signaling and sphingolipid metabolites, and profoundly modified by previous cigarette smoke exposure, which selects for an apoptosis-resistant phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela N Petrusca
- 1 Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Occupational Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Alberg AJ, Armeson K, Pierce JS, Bielawski J, Bielawska A, Visvanathan K, Hill EG, Ogretmen B. Plasma sphingolipids and lung cancer: a population-based, nested case-control study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2013; 22:1374-82. [PMID: 23749868 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-12-1424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and ceramides are bioactive signaling sphingolipids that regulate pathways that are central to cancer pathogenesis. METHODS A nested case-control study was implemented to test whether prediagnostic circulating concentrations of S1P and ceramides were associated with future lung cancer risk. In the community-based CLUE II cohort study in Washington County, Maryland, the study consisted of 100 incident lung cancer cases, each matched to two cancer-free controls on age, sex, race, and cigarette smoking status. Plasma stored at -70°C at the beginning of follow-up in 1989 was assayed for sphingolipids using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry methodology (LC/MS-MS). RESULTS Compared with controls, geometric mean plasma concentrations of S1P and total ceramides were 2.9% (P = 0.10) and 5.1% (P = 0.02), respectively, greater in lung cancer cases. For S1P, the ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for lung cancer risk were 2.7 (1.2-5.9), 2.7 (1.1-6.4), and 1.9 (0.8-4.5) for the second, third, and highest fourth, respectively, compared with the lowest fourth (overall P = 0.006). Compared with those with total ceramide concentrations in the lowest fourth, the ORs (and 95% CI) for lung cancer risk were 1.6 (0.7-3.3), 1.5 (0.7-3.4), and 2.1 (0.9-4.7) for the second, third, and highest fourth, respectively (P(trend) = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Higher concentrations of S1P and total ceramide in plasma were associated with increased future risk of lung cancer. IMPACT These novel findings suggest that perturbation of sphingolipid metabolism and S1P generation may either contribute to the etiology of lung cancer or be a marker of latent lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Alberg
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA.
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Goldklang MP, Marks SM, D'Armiento JM. Second hand smoke and COPD: lessons from animal studies. Front Physiol 2013; 4:30. [PMID: 23450717 PMCID: PMC3583033 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to second hand smoke is a major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the non-smoker. In this review we explore the use of animal smoke exposure models and their insight into disease pathogenesis. The methods of smoke exposure, including exposure delivery systems, are described. Key findings from the acute and chronic smoke exposure models are outlined, including descriptions of the inflammation processes, proteases involved, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Finally, alternatives to rodent models of lung disease are presented.
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Breen EC, Malloy JL, Tang K, Xia F, Fu Z, Hancock REW, Overhage J, Wagner PD, Spragg RG. Impaired pulmonary defense against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in VEGF gene inactivated mouse lung. J Cell Physiol 2013; 228:371-9. [PMID: 22718316 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Repeated bacterial and viral infections are known to contribute to worsening lung function in several respiratory diseases, including asthma, cystic fibrosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Previous studies have reported alveolar wall cell apoptosis and parenchymal damage in adult pulmonary VEGF gene ablated mice. We hypothesized that VEGF expressed by type II cells is also necessary to provide an effective host defense against bacteria in part by maintaining surfactant homeostasis. Therefore, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1) levels were evaluated in mice following lung-targeted VEGF gene inactivation, and alterations in VEGF-dependent type II cell function were evaluated by measuring surfactant homeostasis in mouse lungs and isolated type II cells. In VEGF-deficient lungs increased PAO1 levels and pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNFα and IL-6, were detected 24 h after bacterial instillation compared to control lungs. In vivo lung-targeted VEGF gene deletion (57% decrease in total pulmonary VEGF) did not alter alveolar surfactant or tissue disaturated phosphatidylcholine (DSPC) levels. However, sphingomyelin content, choline phosphate cytidylyltransferase (CCT) mRNA, and SP-D expression were decreased. In isolated type II cells an 80% reduction of VEGF protein resulted in decreases in total phospholipids (PL), DSPC, DSPC synthesis, surfactant associated proteins (SP)-B and -D, and the lipid transporters, ABCA1 and Rab3D. TPA-induced DSPC secretion and apoptosis were elevated in VEGF-deficient type II cells. These results suggest a potential protective role for type II cell-expressed VEGF against bacterial initiated infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen C Breen
- Division of Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0623, USA.
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